# Django 4.1.8.dev20230308103347 ドキュメント

# Generic date ビュー

日付ベースの汎用ビュー (`django.views.generic.dates` 内で提供されています) は、日付ベースのデータのために、ドリルダウンページを描画するためのビューです。

注釈

このページの例のいくつかは、`myapp/models.py` 内で下記の通り `Article` モデルが定義されていると仮定します:

    from django.db import models
    from django.urls import reverse

    class Article(models.Model):
        title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
        pub_date = models.DateField()

        def get_absolute_url(self):
            return reverse('article-detail', kwargs={'pk': self.pk})

## `ArchiveIndexView`

class `ArchiveIndexView`

  "最新の"オブジェクトを、日付によって表示するトップレベルのインデックスページです。`allow_future` を `True` にセットしない限り、未来 の日付のオブジェクトは含まれません。

  継承元 (MRO)

  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseArchiveIndexView`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.View`

  コンテキスト

  (`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView` を通じた) `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin` によって提供されたコンテキストに加えて、テンプレートのコンテキストは以下のようになります:

  - `date_list`: `queryset` に従ってオブジェクトを利用可能にするすべての年を含む `QuerySet` オブジェクトです。`datetime.datetime` オブジェクトとして表され、降順で表示されます。

  ノート

  - デフォルトの `最新` の `context_object_name` を使います。
  - デフォルトの `_archive` の `template_name_suffix` を使います。
  - 年によって `date_list` を提供する動作がデフォルトですが、`date_list_period` 属性を用いた月や日に変更できます。これは、すべてのサブクラスのビューに適用されます。

  例 myapp/urls.py:

      from django.urls import path
      from django.views.generic.dates import ArchiveIndexView

      from myapp.models import Article

      urlpatterns = [
          path('archive/',
               ArchiveIndexView.as_view(model=Article, date_field="pub_date"),
               name="article_archive"),
      ]

  例 myapp/article_archive.html:

      <ul>
          {% for article in latest %}
              <li>{{ article.pub_date }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
          {% endfor %}
      </ul>

  これは、すべての記事 (article) を出力します。

## `YearArchiveView`

class `YearArchiveView`

  与えられた年の中で有効な月を表示する、年次のアーカイブページです。`allow_future` を `True` にセットしない限り、未来 の日付を伴うオブジェクトは表示されません。

  継承元 (MRO)

  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseYearArchiveView`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.View`
  `make_object_list`

    A boolean specifying whether to retrieve the full list of objects for this year and pass those to the template. If `True`, the list of objects will be made available to the context. If `False`, the `None` queryset will be used as the object list. By default, this is `False`.

  `get_make_object_list`()

    Determine if an object list will be returned as part of the context. Returns `make_object_list` by default.

  コンテキスト

  (`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView` を通じた) `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin` によって提供されたコンテキストに加えて、テンプレートのコンテキストは以下のようになります:

  - `date_list`: A `QuerySet` object containing all months that have objects available according to `queryset`, represented as `datetime.datetime` objects, in ascending order.
  - `year`: A `date` object representing the given year.
  - `next_year`: A `date` object representing the first day of the next year, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.
  - `previous_year`: A `date` object representing the first day of the previous year, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.

  ノート

  - Uses a default `template_name_suffix` of `_archive_year`.

  Example myapp/views.py:

      from django.views.generic.dates import YearArchiveView

      from myapp.models import Article

      class ArticleYearArchiveView(YearArchiveView):
          queryset = Article.objects.all()
          date_field = "pub_date"
          make_object_list = True
          allow_future = True

  例 myapp/urls.py:

      from django.urls import path

      from myapp.views import ArticleYearArchiveView

      urlpatterns = [
          path('<int:year>/',
               ArticleYearArchiveView.as_view(),
               name="article_year_archive"),
      ]

  Example myapp/article_archive_year.html:

      <ul>
          {% for date in date_list %}
              <li>{{ date|date }}</li>
          {% endfor %}
      </ul>

      <div>
          <h1>All Articles for {{ year|date:"Y" }}</h1>
          {% for obj in object_list %}
              <p>
                  {{ obj.title }} - {{ obj.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}
              </p>
          {% endfor %}
      </div>

## `MonthArchiveView`

class `MonthArchiveView`

  与えられた月の中で有効な全オブジェクトを表示する、月次のアーカイブページです。`allow_future` を `True` にセットしない限り、未来 の日付を伴うオブジェクトは表示されません。

  継承元 (MRO)

  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseMonthArchiveView`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.MonthMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.View`

  コンテキスト

  In addition to the context provided by `MultipleObjectMixin` (via `BaseDateListView`), the template's context will be:

  - `date_list`: A `QuerySet` object containing all days that have objects available in the given month, according to `queryset`, represented as `datetime.datetime` objects, in ascending order.
  - `month`: A `date` object representing the given month.
  - `next_month`: A `date` object representing the first day of the next month, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.
  - `previous_month`: A `date` object representing the first day of the previous month, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.

  ノート

  - Uses a default `template_name_suffix` of `_archive_month`.

  Example myapp/views.py:

      from django.views.generic.dates import MonthArchiveView

      from myapp.models import Article

      class ArticleMonthArchiveView(MonthArchiveView):
          queryset = Article.objects.all()
          date_field = "pub_date"
          allow_future = True

  例 myapp/urls.py:

      from django.urls import path

      from myapp.views import ArticleMonthArchiveView

      urlpatterns = [
          # Example: /2012/08/
          path('<int:year>/<int:month>/',
               ArticleMonthArchiveView.as_view(month_format='%m'),
               name="archive_month_numeric"),
          # Example: /2012/aug/
          path('<int:year>/<str:month>/',
               ArticleMonthArchiveView.as_view(),
               name="archive_month"),
      ]

  Example myapp/article_archive_month.html:

      <ul>
          {% for article in object_list %}
              <li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
          {% endfor %}
      </ul>

      <p>
          {% if previous_month %}
              Previous Month: {{ previous_month|date:"F Y" }}
          {% endif %}
          {% if next_month %}
              Next Month: {{ next_month|date:"F Y" }}
          {% endif %}
      </p>

## `WeekArchiveView`

class `WeekArchiveView`

  与えられた週の中で有効な全オブジェクトを表示する、週次のアーカイブページです。`allow_future` を `True` にセットしない限り、未来 の日付を伴うオブジェクトは表示されません。

  継承元 (MRO)

  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseWeekArchiveView`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.WeekMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.View`

  コンテキスト

  In addition to the context provided by `MultipleObjectMixin` (via `BaseDateListView`), the template's context will be:

  - `week`: A `date` object representing the first day of the given week.
  - `next_week`: A `date` object representing the first day of the next week, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.
  - `previous_week`: A `date` object representing the first day of the previous week, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.

  ノート

  - Uses a default `template_name_suffix` of `_archive_week`.
  - The `week_format` attribute is a `strptime()` format string used to parse the week number. The following values are supported:
    - `'%U'`: Based on the United States week system where the week begins on Sunday. This is the default value.
    - `'%W'`: Similar to `'%U'`, except it assumes that the week begins on Monday. This is not the same as the ISO 8601 week number.
    - `'%V'`: ISO 8601 week number where the week begins on Monday.

  Example myapp/views.py:

      from django.views.generic.dates import WeekArchiveView

      from myapp.models import Article

      class ArticleWeekArchiveView(WeekArchiveView):
          queryset = Article.objects.all()
          date_field = "pub_date"
          week_format = "%W"
          allow_future = True

  例 myapp/urls.py:

      from django.urls import path

      from myapp.views import ArticleWeekArchiveView

      urlpatterns = [
          # Example: /2012/week/23/
          path('<int:year>/week/<int:week>/',
               ArticleWeekArchiveView.as_view(),
               name="archive_week"),
      ]

  Example myapp/article_archive_week.html:

      <h1>Week {{ week|date:'W' }}</h1>

      <ul>
          {% for article in object_list %}
              <li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
          {% endfor %}
      </ul>

      <p>
          {% if previous_week %}
              Previous Week: {{ previous_week|date:"W" }} of year {{ previous_week|date:"Y" }}
          {% endif %}
          {% if previous_week and next_week %}--{% endif %}
          {% if next_week %}
              Next week: {{ next_week|date:"W" }} of year {{ next_week|date:"Y" }}
          {% endif %}
      </p>

  In this example, you are outputting the week number. Keep in mind that week numbers computed by the `date` template filter with the `'W'` format character are not always the same as those computed by `strftime()` and `strptime()` with the `'%W'` format string. For year 2015, for example, week numbers output by `date` are higher by one compared to those output by `strftime()`. There isn't an equivalent for the `'%U'` `strftime()` format string in `date`. Therefore, you should avoid using `date` to generate URLs for `WeekArchiveView`.

## `DayArchiveView`

class `DayArchiveView`

  与えられた日の中で有効な全オブジェクトを表示する、日次のアーカイブページです。`allow_future` を `True` にセットしない限り、未来の日付に対するオブジェクトがするかどうかにかかわらず、未来の日付は 404 エラーを返します。

  継承元 (MRO)

  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDayArchiveView`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.MonthMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DayMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.View`

  コンテキスト

  In addition to the context provided by `MultipleObjectMixin` (via `BaseDateListView`), the template's context will be:

  - `day`: A `date` object representing the given day.
  - `next_day`: A `date` object representing the next day, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.
  - `previous_day`: A `date` object representing the previous day, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.
  - `next_month`: A `date` object representing the first day of the next month, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.
  - `previous_month`: A `date` object representing the first day of the previous month, according to `allow_empty` and `allow_future`.

  ノート

  - Uses a default `template_name_suffix` of `_archive_day`.

  Example myapp/views.py:

      from django.views.generic.dates import DayArchiveView

      from myapp.models import Article

      class ArticleDayArchiveView(DayArchiveView):
          queryset = Article.objects.all()
          date_field = "pub_date"
          allow_future = True

  例 myapp/urls.py:

      from django.urls import path

      from myapp.views import ArticleDayArchiveView

      urlpatterns = [
          # Example: /2012/nov/10/
          path('<int:year>/<str:month>/<int:day>/',
               ArticleDayArchiveView.as_view(),
               name="archive_day"),
      ]

  Example myapp/article_archive_day.html:

      <h1>{{ day }}</h1>

      <ul>
          {% for article in object_list %}
              <li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
          {% endfor %}
      </ul>

      <p>
          {% if previous_day %}
              Previous Day: {{ previous_day }}
          {% endif %}
          {% if previous_day and next_day %}--{% endif %}
          {% if next_day %}
              Next Day: {{ next_day }}
          {% endif %}
      </p>

## `TodayArchiveView`

class `TodayArchiveView`

  今日 の全てのオブジェクトを表示する、日時のアーカイブページです。`年` / `月` / `日` 引数の代わりに今日の日付が使われること以外は、`django.views.generic.dates.DayArchiveView` とまったく同じです。

  継承元 (MRO)

  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseTodayArchiveView`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDayArchiveView`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.MonthMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DayMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
  - `django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.View`

  ノート

  - Uses a default `template_name_suffix` of `_archive_today`.

  Example myapp/views.py:

      from django.views.generic.dates import TodayArchiveView

      from myapp.models import Article

      class ArticleTodayArchiveView(TodayArchiveView):
          queryset = Article.objects.all()
          date_field = "pub_date"
          allow_future = True

  例 myapp/urls.py:

      from django.urls import path

      from myapp.views import ArticleTodayArchiveView

      urlpatterns = [
          path('today/',
               ArticleTodayArchiveView.as_view(),
               name="archive_today"),
      ]

  `TodayArchiveView` の実例のテンプレートはどこにあるか？

  このビューは、`DayArchiveView` と同じテンプレートをデフォルトで使用します。違うテンプレートが必要な場合は、`template_name` 属性に新しいテンプレートの名前をセットしてください。

## `DateDetailView`

class `DateDetailView`

  個別のオブジェクトを表示するページです。オブジェクトが未来の日付値を持っている場合、`allow_future` を `True` にセットしない限り、デフォルトでビューは 404 エラーを返します。

  継承元 (MRO)

  - `django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateDetailView`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.MonthMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DayMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.detail.BaseDetailView`
  - `django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin`
  - `django.views.generic.base.View`

  コンテキスト

  - Includes the single object associated with the `model` specified in the `DateDetailView`.

  ノート

  - Uses a default `template_name_suffix` of `_detail`.

  例 myapp/urls.py:

      from django.urls import path
      from django.views.generic.dates import DateDetailView

      urlpatterns = [
          path('<int:year>/<str:month>/<int:day>/<int:pk>/',
               DateDetailView.as_view(model=Article, date_field="pub_date"),
               name="archive_date_detail"),
      ]

  Example myapp/article_detail.html:

      <h1>{{ object.title }}</h1>

注釈

All of the generic views listed above have matching `Base` views that only differ in that they do not include the `MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin` (for the archive views) or `SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin` (for the `DateDetailView`):

class `BaseArchiveIndexView`

class `BaseYearArchiveView`

class `BaseMonthArchiveView`

class `BaseWeekArchiveView`

class `BaseDayArchiveView`

class `BaseTodayArchiveView`

class `BaseDateDetailView`