/***************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2005 to 2007 by Jonathan Duddington *
* email: jonsd@users.sourceforge.net *
* *
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify *
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by *
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or *
* (at your option) any later version. *
* *
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the *
* GNU General Public License for more details. *
* *
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License *
* along with this program; if not, write see: *
* <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *
***************************************************************************/
#include "StdAfx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <wctype.h>
#include "speak_lib.h"
#include "speech.h"
#include "phoneme.h"
#include "synthesize.h"
#include "voice.h"
#include "translate.h"
/* Note this module is mostly old code that needs to be rewritten to
provide a more flexible intonation system.
*/
// bits in SYLLABLE.flags
#define SYL_RISE 1
#define SYL_EMPHASIS 2
#define SYL_END_CLAUSE 4
typedef struct {
char stress;
char env;
char flags; //bit 0=pitch rising, bit1=emnphasized, bit2=end of clause
char nextph_type;
short pitch1;
short pitch2;
} SYLLABLE;
SYLLABLE *syllable_tab;
static int tone_pitch_env; /* used to return pitch envelope */
/* Pitch data for tone types */
/*****************************/
#define PITCHfall 0
#define PITCHrise 1
#define PITCHfrise 2 // and 3 must be for the varient preceded by 'r'
#define PITCHfrise2 4 // and 5 must be the 'r' variant
#define PITCHrisefall 6
/* 0 fall */
unsigned char env_fall[128] = {
0xff, 0xfd, 0xfa, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0xf4, 0xf2, 0xf0, 0xee, 0xec, 0xea, 0xe8, 0xe6, 0xe4, 0xe2, 0xe0,
0xde, 0xdc, 0xda, 0xd8, 0xd6, 0xd4, 0xd2, 0xd0, 0xce, 0xcc, 0xca, 0xc8, 0xc6, 0xc4, 0xc2, 0xc0,
0xbe, 0xbc, 0xba, 0xb8, 0xb6, 0xb4, 0xb2, 0xb0, 0xae, 0xac, 0xaa, 0xa8, 0xa6, 0xa4, 0xa2, 0xa0,
0x9e, 0x9c, 0x9a, 0x98, 0x96, 0x94, 0x92, 0x90, 0x8e, 0x8c, 0x8a, 0x88, 0x86, 0x84, 0x82, 0x80,
0x7e, 0x7c, 0x7a, 0x78, 0x76, 0x74, 0x72, 0x70, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x6a, 0x68, 0x66, 0x64, 0x62, 0x60,
0x5e, 0x5c, 0x5a, 0x58, 0x56, 0x54, 0x52, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x4c, 0x4a, 0x48, 0x46, 0x44, 0x42, 0x40,
0x3e, 0x3c, 0x3a, 0x38, 0x36, 0x34, 0x32, 0x30, 0x2e, 0x2c, 0x2a, 0x28, 0x26, 0x24, 0x22, 0x20,
0x1e, 0x1c, 0x1a, 0x18, 0x16, 0x14, 0x12, 0x10, 0x0e, 0x0c, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x06, 0x04, 0x02, 0x00 };
/* 1 rise */
unsigned char env_rise[128] = {
0x00, 0x02, 0x04, 0x06, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x0e, 0x10, 0x12, 0x14, 0x16, 0x18, 0x1a, 0x1c, 0x1e,
0x20, 0x22, 0x24, 0x26, 0x28, 0x2a, 0x2c, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x32, 0x34, 0x36, 0x38, 0x3a, 0x3c, 0x3e,
0x40, 0x42, 0x44, 0x46, 0x48, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x4e, 0x50, 0x52, 0x54, 0x56, 0x58, 0x5a, 0x5c, 0x5e,
0x60, 0x62, 0x64, 0x66, 0x68, 0x6a, 0x6c, 0x6e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x74, 0x76, 0x78, 0x7a, 0x7c, 0x7e,
0x80, 0x82, 0x84, 0x86, 0x88, 0x8a, 0x8c, 0x8e, 0x90, 0x92, 0x94, 0x96, 0x98, 0x9a, 0x9c, 0x9e,
0xa0, 0xa2, 0xa4, 0xa6, 0xa8, 0xaa, 0xac, 0xae, 0xb0, 0xb2, 0xb4, 0xb6, 0xb8, 0xba, 0xbc, 0xbe,
0xc0, 0xc2, 0xc4, 0xc6, 0xc8, 0xca, 0xcc, 0xce, 0xd0, 0xd2, 0xd4, 0xd6, 0xd8, 0xda, 0xdc, 0xde,
0xe0, 0xe2, 0xe4, 0xe6, 0xe8, 0xea, 0xec, 0xee, 0xf0, 0xf2, 0xf4, 0xf6, 0xf8, 0xfa, 0xfd, 0xff };
unsigned char env_frise[128] = {
0xff, 0xf4, 0xea, 0xe0, 0xd6, 0xcc, 0xc3, 0xba, 0xb1, 0xa8, 0x9f, 0x97, 0x8f, 0x87, 0x7f, 0x78,
0x71, 0x6a, 0x63, 0x5c, 0x56, 0x50, 0x4a, 0x44, 0x3f, 0x39, 0x34, 0x2f, 0x2b, 0x26, 0x22, 0x1e,
0x1a, 0x17, 0x13, 0x10, 0x0d, 0x0b, 0x08, 0x06, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x07, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x0e, 0x10, 0x13, 0x15, 0x17,
0x1a, 0x1d, 0x1f, 0x22, 0x25, 0x28, 0x2c, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x32, 0x34, 0x36, 0x39, 0x3b, 0x3d, 0x40,
0x42, 0x45, 0x47, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x4f, 0x51, 0x54, 0x57, 0x5a, 0x5d, 0x5f, 0x62, 0x65, 0x68, 0x6b,
0x6e, 0x71, 0x74, 0x78, 0x7b, 0x7e, 0x81, 0x85, 0x88, 0x8b, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x96, 0x99, 0x9d, 0xa0,
0xa4, 0xa8, 0xac, 0xaf, 0xb3, 0xb7, 0xbb, 0xbf, 0xc3, 0xc7, 0xcb, 0xcf, 0xd3, 0xd7, 0xdb, 0xe0 };
static unsigned char env_r_frise[128] = {
0xcf, 0xcc, 0xc9, 0xc6, 0xc3, 0xc0, 0xbd, 0xb9, 0xb4, 0xb0, 0xab, 0xa7, 0xa2, 0x9c, 0x97, 0x92,
0x8c, 0x86, 0x81, 0x7b, 0x75, 0x6f, 0x69, 0x63, 0x5d, 0x57, 0x50, 0x4a, 0x44, 0x3e, 0x38, 0x33,
0x2d, 0x27, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x17, 0x12, 0x0d, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x07, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0f, 0x12, 0x14, 0x16,
0x19, 0x1b, 0x1e, 0x21, 0x24, 0x27, 0x2a, 0x2d, 0x30, 0x34, 0x36, 0x38, 0x3a, 0x3c, 0x3f, 0x41,
0x43, 0x46, 0x48, 0x4b, 0x4d, 0x50, 0x52, 0x55, 0x58, 0x5a, 0x5d, 0x60, 0x63, 0x66, 0x69, 0x6c,
0x6f, 0x72, 0x75, 0x78, 0x7b, 0x7e, 0x81, 0x85, 0x88, 0x8b, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x96, 0x99, 0x9d, 0xa0,
0xa4, 0xa8, 0xac, 0xaf, 0xb3, 0xb7, 0xbb, 0xbf, 0xc3, 0xc7, 0xcb, 0xcf, 0xd3, 0xd7, 0xdb, 0xe0 };
static unsigned char env_frise2[128] = {
0xff, 0xf9, 0xf4, 0xee, 0xe9, 0xe4, 0xdf, 0xda, 0xd5, 0xd0, 0xcb, 0xc6, 0xc1, 0xbd, 0xb8, 0xb3,
0xaf, 0xaa, 0xa6, 0xa1, 0x9d, 0x99, 0x95, 0x90, 0x8c, 0x88, 0x84, 0x80, 0x7d, 0x79, 0x75, 0x71,
0x6e, 0x6a, 0x67, 0x63, 0x60, 0x5d, 0x59, 0x56, 0x53, 0x50, 0x4d, 0x4a, 0x47, 0x44, 0x41, 0x3e,
0x3c, 0x39, 0x37, 0x34, 0x32, 0x2f, 0x2d, 0x2b, 0x28, 0x26, 0x24, 0x22, 0x20, 0x1e, 0x1c, 0x1a,
0x19, 0x17, 0x15, 0x14, 0x12, 0x11, 0x0f, 0x0e, 0x0d, 0x0c, 0x0a, 0x09, 0x08, 0x07, 0x06, 0x05,
0x05, 0x04, 0x03, 0x02, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08,
0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x10, 0x12, 0x13, 0x15, 0x17, 0x18, 0x1a, 0x1c, 0x1e, 0x20 };
static unsigned char env_r_frise2[128] = {
0xd0, 0xce, 0xcd, 0xcc, 0xca, 0xc8, 0xc7, 0xc5, 0xc3, 0xc1, 0xc0, 0xbd, 0xbb, 0xb8, 0xb5, 0xb3,
0xb0, 0xad, 0xaa, 0xa7, 0xa3, 0xa0, 0x9d, 0x99, 0x96, 0x92, 0x8f, 0x8b, 0x87, 0x84, 0x80, 0x7c,
0x78, 0x74, 0x70, 0x6d, 0x69, 0x65, 0x61, 0x5d, 0x59, 0x55, 0x51, 0x4d, 0x4a, 0x46, 0x42, 0x3e,
0x3b, 0x37, 0x34, 0x31, 0x2f, 0x2d, 0x2a, 0x28, 0x26, 0x24, 0x22, 0x20, 0x1e, 0x1c, 0x1a, 0x19,
0x17, 0x15, 0x14, 0x12, 0x11, 0x0f, 0x0e, 0x0d, 0x0c, 0x0a, 0x09, 0x08, 0x07, 0x06, 0x05, 0x05,
0x04, 0x03, 0x02, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08,
0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x10, 0x12, 0x13, 0x15, 0x17, 0x18, 0x1a, 0x1c, 0x1e, 0x20 };
static unsigned char env_risefall[128] = {
0x98, 0x99, 0x99, 0x9a, 0x9c, 0x9d, 0x9f, 0xa1, 0xa4, 0xa7, 0xa9, 0xac, 0xb0, 0xb3, 0xb6, 0xba,
0xbe, 0xc1, 0xc5, 0xc9, 0xcd, 0xd1, 0xd4, 0xd8, 0xdc, 0xdf, 0xe3, 0xe6, 0xea, 0xed, 0xf0, 0xf2,
0xf5, 0xf7, 0xf9, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0xfd, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0xfd,
0xfb, 0xfa, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0xf3, 0xf1, 0xee, 0xec, 0xe9, 0xe6, 0xe4, 0xe0, 0xdd, 0xda, 0xd7, 0xd3,
0xd0, 0xcc, 0xc8, 0xc4, 0xc0, 0xbc, 0xb8, 0xb4, 0xb0, 0xac, 0xa7, 0xa3, 0x9f, 0x9a, 0x96, 0x91,
0x8d, 0x88, 0x84, 0x7f, 0x7b, 0x76, 0x72, 0x6d, 0x69, 0x65, 0x60, 0x5c, 0x58, 0x54, 0x50, 0x4c,
0x48, 0x44, 0x40, 0x3c, 0x39, 0x35, 0x32, 0x2f, 0x2b, 0x28, 0x26, 0x23, 0x20, 0x1d, 0x1a, 0x17,
0x15, 0x12, 0x0f, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x07, 0x05, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
static unsigned char env_rise2[128] = {
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x06,
0x07, 0x08, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14,
0x16, 0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1b, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x1f, 0x20, 0x22, 0x23, 0x25, 0x26, 0x28, 0x29, 0x2b,
0x2d, 0x2f, 0x30, 0x32, 0x34, 0x36, 0x38, 0x3a, 0x3c, 0x3e, 0x40, 0x42, 0x44, 0x47, 0x49, 0x4b,
0x4e, 0x50, 0x52, 0x55, 0x57, 0x5a, 0x5d, 0x5f, 0x62, 0x65, 0x67, 0x6a, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x73, 0x76,
0x79, 0x7c, 0x7f, 0x82, 0x86, 0x89, 0x8c, 0x90, 0x93, 0x96, 0x9a, 0x9d, 0xa0, 0xa3, 0xa6, 0xa9,
0xac, 0xaf, 0xb2, 0xb5, 0xb8, 0xbb, 0xbe, 0xc1, 0xc4, 0xc7, 0xca, 0xcd, 0xd0, 0xd3, 0xd6, 0xd9,
0xdc, 0xdf, 0xe2, 0xe4, 0xe7, 0xe9, 0xec, 0xee, 0xf0, 0xf2, 0xf4, 0xf6, 0xf8, 0xfa, 0xfb, 0xfd };
static unsigned char env_fall2[128] = {
0xfe, 0xfe, 0xfd, 0xfd, 0xfc, 0xfb, 0xfb, 0xfa, 0xfa, 0xf9, 0xf8, 0xf8, 0xf7, 0xf7, 0xf6, 0xf6,
0xf5, 0xf4, 0xf4, 0xf3, 0xf3, 0xf2, 0xf2, 0xf1, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xef, 0xee, 0xee, 0xed, 0xec, 0xeb,
0xea, 0xea, 0xe9, 0xe8, 0xe7, 0xe6, 0xe5, 0xe4, 0xe3, 0xe2, 0xe1, 0xe0, 0xde, 0xdd, 0xdc, 0xdb,
0xd9, 0xd8, 0xd6, 0xd5, 0xd3, 0xd2, 0xd0, 0xce, 0xcc, 0xcb, 0xc9, 0xc7, 0xc5, 0xc3, 0xc0, 0xbe,
0xbc, 0xb9, 0xb7, 0xb5, 0xb2, 0xaf, 0xad, 0xaa, 0xa7, 0xa4, 0xa1, 0x9e, 0x9a, 0x97, 0x94, 0x90,
0x8d, 0x89, 0x85, 0x81, 0x7d, 0x79, 0x75, 0x71, 0x6d, 0x68, 0x64, 0x61, 0x5e, 0x5b, 0x57, 0x54,
0x51, 0x4d, 0x4a, 0x46, 0x43, 0x40, 0x3c, 0x39, 0x35, 0x32, 0x2e, 0x2a, 0x27, 0x23, 0x1f, 0x1c,
0x18, 0x14, 0x11, 0x0d, 0x0b, 0x09, 0x07, 0x05, 0x04, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
static unsigned char env_fallrise3[128] = {
0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0xfd, 0xfc, 0xfa, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0xf4, 0xf1, 0xee, 0xeb,
0xe8, 0xe5, 0xe1, 0xde, 0xda, 0xd6, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0xc9, 0xc4, 0xbf, 0xba, 0xb6, 0xb0, 0xab, 0xa6,
0xa1, 0x9c, 0x96, 0x91, 0x8b, 0x86, 0x80, 0x7b, 0x75, 0x6f, 0x6a, 0x64, 0x5f, 0x59, 0x54, 0x4f,
0x49, 0x44, 0x3f, 0x3a, 0x35, 0x30, 0x2b, 0x26, 0x22, 0x1d, 0x19, 0x15, 0x11, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x07,
0x04, 0x03, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x05,
0x07, 0x09, 0x0b, 0x0d, 0x10, 0x12, 0x15, 0x18, 0x1b, 0x1e, 0x22, 0x25, 0x29, 0x2d, 0x31, 0x35,
0x3a, 0x3e, 0x43, 0x48, 0x4c, 0x51, 0x57, 0x5b, 0x5e, 0x62, 0x65, 0x68, 0x6b, 0x6e, 0x71, 0x74,
0x76, 0x78, 0x7b, 0x7c, 0x7e, 0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x83, 0x84, 0x84, 0x83, 0x83, 0x82, 0x81 };
static unsigned char env_fallrise4[128] = {
0x72, 0x72, 0x71, 0x71, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6c, 0x6a, 0x68, 0x66, 0x64, 0x61, 0x5f, 0x5c, 0x5a,
0x57, 0x54, 0x51, 0x4e, 0x4b, 0x48, 0x45, 0x42, 0x3f, 0x3b, 0x38, 0x35, 0x32, 0x2f, 0x2c, 0x29,
0x26, 0x23, 0x20, 0x1d, 0x1b, 0x18, 0x16, 0x14, 0x12, 0x10, 0x0e, 0x0c, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x09, 0x08,
0x07, 0x07, 0x07, 0x07, 0x07, 0x06, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
0x07, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0f, 0x10, 0x12, 0x14, 0x16, 0x18, 0x1b, 0x1d, 0x20,
0x23, 0x26, 0x29, 0x2c, 0x2f, 0x33, 0x37, 0x3b, 0x3f, 0x43, 0x47, 0x4c, 0x51, 0x56, 0x5b, 0x60,
0x65, 0x6a, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x79, 0x7f, 0x84, 0x89, 0x8f, 0x95, 0x9b, 0xa1, 0xa7, 0xad, 0xb3, 0xba,
0xc0, 0xc7, 0xce, 0xd5, 0xdc, 0xe3, 0xea, 0xf1, 0xf5, 0xf7, 0xfa, 0xfc, 0xfd, 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff };
static unsigned char env_risefallrise[128] = {
0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x80, 0x81, 0x83, 0x84, 0x87, 0x89, 0x8c, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x96, 0x99, 0x9d, 0xa1,
0xa5, 0xaa, 0xae, 0xb2, 0xb7, 0xbb, 0xc0, 0xc5, 0xc9, 0xcd, 0xd2, 0xd6, 0xda, 0xde, 0xe2, 0xe6,
0xea, 0xed, 0xf0, 0xf3, 0xf5, 0xf8, 0xfa, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0xfd, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0xfd, 0xfc, 0xfb, 0xf9,
0xf7, 0xf4, 0xf0, 0xec, 0xe7, 0xe2, 0xdc, 0xd5, 0xce, 0xc6, 0xbd, 0xb4, 0xa9, 0x9e, 0x92, 0x88,
0x82, 0x7d, 0x77, 0x72, 0x6c, 0x66, 0x60, 0x5a, 0x54, 0x4e, 0x49, 0x42, 0x3c, 0x37, 0x32, 0x2d,
0x28, 0x24, 0x1f, 0x1b, 0x18, 0x14, 0x11, 0x0e, 0x0c, 0x09, 0x07, 0x06, 0x05, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04,
0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0d, 0x10, 0x14, 0x18, 0x1d, 0x23, 0x29, 0x2f, 0x37, 0x3e, 0x47,
0x50, 0x5a, 0x64, 0x70, 0x7c, 0x83, 0x85, 0x88, 0x8a, 0x8c, 0x8e, 0x8f, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x93 };
unsigned char *envelope_data[18] = {
env_fall,
env_rise,
env_frise, env_r_frise,
env_frise2, env_r_frise2,
env_risefall, env_risefall,
env_fallrise3, env_fallrise3,
env_fallrise4, env_fallrise4,
env_fall2, env_fall2,
env_rise2, env_rise2,
env_risefallrise, env_risefallrise
};
/* all pitches given in Hz above pitch_base */
// pitch change during the main part of the clause
static int drops_0[8] = {0x400,0x400,0x700,0x700,0x700,0xa00,0x1800,0x0e00};
//static int drops_1[8] = {0x400,0x400,0x600,0x600,0xc00,0xc00,0x0e00,0x0e00};
//static int drops_2[8] = {0x400,0x400,0x600,0x600,-0x800,0xc00,0x0e00,0x0e00};
static short oflow[] = {0, 20, 12, 4, 0};
static short oflow_emf[] = {5, 24, 15, 10, 5};
static short oflow_less[] = {3, 19, 12, 7, 2};
// static short oflow_test2[] = {20, 0, 20, 0, 20};
// static short back_emf[] = {35, 32, 0};
#define N_TONE_HEAD_TABLE 13
#define N_TONE_NUCLEUS_TABLE 13
typedef struct {
unsigned char pre_start;
unsigned char pre_end;
unsigned char body_start;
unsigned char body_end;
int *body_drops;
unsigned char body_max_steps;
char body_lower_u;
char n_overflow;
short *overflow;
} TONE_HEAD;
typedef struct {
unsigned char pitch_env0; /* pitch envelope, tonic syllable at end */
unsigned char tonic_max0;
unsigned char tonic_min0;
unsigned char pitch_env1; /* followed by unstressed */
unsigned char tonic_max1;
unsigned char tonic_min1;
short *backwards;
unsigned char tail_start;
unsigned char tail_end;
unsigned char flags;
} TONE_NUCLEUS;
#define T_EMPH 1
static TONE_HEAD tone_head_table[N_TONE_HEAD_TABLE] = {
{20, 25, 34, 22, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow}, // 0 statement
{20, 25, 34, 20, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow}, // 1 comma
{20, 25, 34, 20, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow}, // 2 question
{20, 25, 36, 22, drops_0, 3, 4, 5, oflow_emf}, // 3 exclamation
{20, 25, 34, 22, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow}, // 4 statement, emphatic
{20, 25, 32, 24, drops_0, 4, 3, 5, oflow_less}, // 5 statement, less intonation
{20, 25, 32, 24, drops_0, 4, 3, 5, oflow_less}, // 6 comma, less intonation
{20, 25, 32, 24, drops_0, 4, 3, 5, oflow_less}, // 7 comma, less intonation, less rise
{20, 25, 34, 22, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow}, // 8 pitch raises at end of sentence
{20, 25, 34, 20, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow}, // 9 comma
{20, 25, 34, 22, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow}, // 10 question
{15, 18, 18, 14, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow_less}, // 11 test
{20, 25, 24, 22, drops_0, 3, 3, 5, oflow_less}, // 12 test
};
static TONE_NUCLEUS tone_nucleus_table[N_TONE_NUCLEUS_TABLE] = {
{PITCHfall, 30, 5, PITCHfall, 32, 9, NULL, 12, 7, 0}, // 0 statement
{PITCHfrise, 35, 8, PITCHfrise2, 35,10, NULL, 15, 23, 0}, // 1 comma
{PITCHfrise, 39,10, PITCHfrise2, 36,10, NULL, 15, 28, 0}, // 2 question
// {PITCHfall, 41, 4, PITCHfall, 41,27, NULL, 16, 4, T_EMPH}, // 3 exclamation
{PITCHfall, 41, 4, PITCHfall, 41,35, NULL, 35, 4, T_EMPH}, // 3 exclamation
{PITCHfall, 38, 2, PITCHfall, 42,30, NULL, 15, 5, 0}, // 4 statement, emphatic
{PITCHfall, 28, 5, PITCHfall, 28, 9, NULL, 12, 7, 0}, // 5 statement, less intonation
{PITCHfrise, 30, 8, PITCHfrise2, 30,10, NULL, 13, 20, 0}, // 6 comma, less intonation
{PITCHfrise2, 28, 7, PITCHfall, 29,14, NULL, 14, 8, 0}, // 7 comma, less intonation, less rise
{PITCHrise, 30,20, PITCHfall, 19,14, NULL, 20, 26, 0}, // 8 pitch raises at end of sentence
{PITCHfrise, 35,11, PITCHfrise2, 32,10, NULL, 19, 24, 0}, // 9 comma
{PITCHfrise, 39,15, PITCHfall, 28,14, NULL, 20, 36, 0}, // 10 question
{PITCHfall, 28, 6, PITCHfall, 28,10, NULL, 12, 6, 0}, // 11 test
{PITCHfall, 35, 9, PITCHfall, 35,12, NULL, 16, 10, 0}, // 12 test
};
/* index by 0=. 1=, 2=?, 3=! 4=none, 5=emphasized */
unsigned char punctuation_to_tone[INTONATION_TYPES][PUNCT_INTONATIONS] = {
{0,1,2,3,0,4},
{0,1,2,3,0,4},
{5,6,2,3,0,4},
{5,7,1,3,0,4},
{8,9,10,3,0,0},
{8,8,10,3,0,0},
{11,11,11,11,0,0}, // 6 test
{12,12,12,12,0,0}
};
/* indexed by stress */
static int min_drop[] = {0x300,0x300,0x400,0x400,0x900,0x900,0x900,0xb00};
#define SECONDARY 3
#define PRIMARY 4
#define PRIMARY_STRESSED 6
#define PRIMARY_LAST 7
static int number_pre;
static int number_body;
static int number_tail;
static int last_primary;
static int tone_posn;
static int tone_posn2;
static int no_tonic;
static void count_pitch_vowels(int start, int end, int clause_end)
/****************************************************************/
{
int ix;
int stress;
int max_stress = 0;
int max_stress_posn = 0; // last syllable ot the highest stress
int max_stress_posn2 = 0; // penuntimate syllable of the highest stress
number_pre = -1; /* number of vowels before 1st primary stress */
number_body = 0;
number_tail = 0; /* number between tonic syllable and next primary */
last_primary = -1;
for(ix=start; ix<end; ix++)
{
stress = syllable_tab[ix].stress; /* marked stress level */
if(stress >= max_stress)
{
if(stress > max_stress)
{
max_stress_posn2 = ix;
}
else
{
max_stress_posn2 = max_stress_posn;
}
max_stress_posn = ix;
max_stress = stress;
}
if(stress >= PRIMARY)
{
if(number_pre < 0)
number_pre = ix - start;
last_primary = ix;
}
}
if(number_pre < 0)
number_pre = end;
number_tail = end - max_stress_posn - 1;
tone_posn = max_stress_posn;
tone_posn2 = max_stress_posn2;
if(no_tonic)
{
tone_posn = tone_posn2 = end; // next position after the end of the truncated clause
}
else
if(last_primary >= 0)
{
if(end == clause_end)
{
syllable_tab[last_primary].stress = PRIMARY_LAST;
}
}
else
{
// no primary stress. Use the highest stress
syllable_tab[tone_posn].stress = PRIMARY_LAST;
}
} /* end of count_pitch_vowels */
static int count_increments(int ix, int end_ix, int min_stress)
/*************************************************************/
/* Count number of primary stresses up to tonic syllable or body_reset */
{
int count = 0;
int stress;
while(ix < end_ix)
{
stress = syllable_tab[ix++].stress;
if(stress >= PRIMARY_LAST)
break;
if(stress >= min_stress)
count++;
}
return(count);
} /* end of count_increments */
static void set_pitch(SYLLABLE *syl, int base, int drop)
/******************************************************/
// Set the pitch of a vowel in syllable_tab. Base & drop are Hz * 256
{
int pitch1, pitch2;
int flags = 0;
/* adjust experimentally */
int pitch_range2 = 148;
int pitch_base2 = 72;
if(base < 0) base = 0;
pitch2 = ((base * pitch_range2 ) >> 15) + pitch_base2;
if(drop < 0)
{
flags = SYL_RISE;
drop = -drop;
}
pitch1 = pitch2 + ((drop * pitch_range2) >> 15);
if(pitch1 > 511) pitch1 = 511;
if(pitch2 > 511) pitch2 = 511;
syl->pitch1 = pitch1;
syl->pitch2 = pitch2;
syl->flags |= flags;
} /* end of set_pitch */
static int calc_pitch_segment(int ix, int end_ix, TONE_HEAD *th, TONE_NUCLEUS *tn, int min_stress, int continuing)
/**********************************************************************************************/
/* Calculate pitches until next RESET or tonic syllable, or end.
Increment pitch if stress is >= min_stress.
Used for tonic segment */
{
int stress;
int pitch=0;
int increment=0;
int n_primary=0;
int n_steps=0;
int initial;
int overflow=0;
int n_overflow;
int *drops;
short *overflow_tab;
SYLLABLE *syl;
static short continue_tab[5] = {-13, 16, 10, 4, 0};
drops = th->body_drops;
if(continuing)
{
initial =0;
overflow = 0;
n_overflow = 5;
overflow_tab = continue_tab;
increment = (th->body_end - th->body_start) << 8;
increment = increment / (th->body_max_steps -1);
}
else
{
n_overflow = th->n_overflow;
overflow_tab = th->overflow;
initial = 1;
}
while(ix < end_ix)
{
syl = &syllable_tab[ix];
stress = syl->stress;
// if(stress == PRIMARY_MARKED)
// initial = 1; // reset the intonation pattern
if(initial || (stress >= min_stress))
{
// a primary stress
if((initial) || (stress == 5))
{
initial = 0;
overflow = 0;
n_steps = n_primary = count_increments(ix,end_ix,min_stress);
if(n_steps > th->body_max_steps)
n_steps = th->body_max_steps;
if(n_steps > 1)
{
increment = (th->body_end - th->body_start) << 8;
increment = increment / (n_steps -1);
}
else
increment = 0;
pitch = th->body_start << 8;
}
else
{
if(n_steps > 0)
pitch += increment;
else
{
pitch = (th->body_end << 8) - (increment * overflow_tab[overflow++])/16;
if(overflow >= n_overflow)
{
overflow = 0;
overflow_tab = th->overflow;
}
}
}
n_steps--;
n_primary--;
if((tn->backwards) && (n_primary < 2))
{
pitch = tn->backwards[n_primary] << 8;
}
}
if(stress >= PRIMARY)
{
syl->stress = PRIMARY_STRESSED;
set_pitch(syl,pitch,drops[stress]);
}
else
if(stress >= SECONDARY)
{
set_pitch(syl,pitch,drops[stress]);
}
else
{
/* unstressed, drop pitch if preceded by PRIMARY */
if((syllable_tab[ix-1].stress & 0x3f) >= SECONDARY)
set_pitch(syl,pitch - (th->body_lower_u << 8), drops[stress]);
else
set_pitch(syl,pitch,drops[stress]);
}
ix++;
}
return(ix);
} /* end of calc_pitch_segment */
static int calc_pitch_segment2(int ix, int end_ix, int start_p, int end_p, int min_stress)
/****************************************************************************************/
/* Linear pitch rise/fall, change pitch at min_stress or stronger
Used for pre-head and tail */
{
int stress;
int pitch;
int increment;
int n_increments;
int drop;
SYLLABLE *syl;
if(ix >= end_ix)
return(ix);
n_increments = count_increments(ix,end_ix,min_stress);
increment = (end_p - start_p) << 8;
if(n_increments > 1)
{
increment = increment / n_increments;
}
pitch = start_p << 8;
while(ix < end_ix)
{
syl = &syllable_tab[ix];
stress = syl->stress;
if(increment > 0)
{
set_pitch(syl,pitch,-increment);
pitch += increment;
}
else
{
drop = -increment;
if(drop < min_drop[stress])
drop = min_drop[stress];
pitch += increment;
if(drop > 0x900)
drop = 0x900;
set_pitch(syl, pitch, drop);
}
ix++;
}
return(ix);
} /* end of calc_pitch_segment2 */
static int calc_pitches(int start, int end, int head_tone, int nucleus_tone)
//===========================================================================
// Calculate pitch values for the vowels in this tone group
{
int ix;
TONE_HEAD *th;
TONE_NUCLEUS *tn;
int drop;
int continuing = 0;
if(start > 0)
continuing = 1;
th = &tone_head_table[head_tone];
tn = &tone_nucleus_table[nucleus_tone];
ix = start;
/* vowels before the first primary stress */
/******************************************/
if(number_pre > 0)
{
ix = calc_pitch_segment2(ix, ix+number_pre, th->pre_start, th->pre_end, 0);
}
/* body of tonic segment */
/*************************/
if(option_tone_flags & OPTION_EMPHASIZE_PENULTIMATE)
{
tone_posn = tone_posn2; // put tone on the penultimate stressed word
}
ix = calc_pitch_segment(ix,tone_posn, th, tn, PRIMARY, continuing);
if(no_tonic)
return(0);
/* tonic syllable */
/******************/
if(tn->flags & T_EMPH)
{
syllable_tab[ix].flags |= SYL_EMPHASIS;
}
if(number_tail == 0)
{
tone_pitch_env = tn->pitch_env0;
drop = tn->tonic_max0 - tn->tonic_min0;
set_pitch(&syllable_tab[ix++],tn->tonic_min0 << 8,drop << 8);
}
else
{
tone_pitch_env = tn->pitch_env1;
drop = tn->tonic_max1 - tn->tonic_min1;
set_pitch(&syllable_tab[ix++],tn->tonic_min1 << 8,drop << 8);
}
syllable_tab[tone_posn].env = tone_pitch_env;
if(syllable_tab[tone_posn].stress == PRIMARY)
syllable_tab[tone_posn].stress = PRIMARY_STRESSED;
/* tail, after the tonic syllable */
/**********************************/
calc_pitch_segment2(ix, end, tn->tail_start, tn->tail_end, 0);
return(tone_pitch_env);
} /* end of calc_pitches */
void Translator::CalcPitches_Tone(int clause_tone)
{//===============================================
// clause_tone: 0=. 1=, 2=?, 3=! 4=none
PHONEME_LIST *p;
int ix;
int count_stressed=0;
int final_stressed=0;
int tone_ph;
int pause;
int tone_promoted;
PHONEME_TAB *tph;
PHONEME_TAB *prev_tph; // forget across word boundary
PHONEME_TAB *prevw_tph; // remember across word boundary
PHONEME_TAB *prev2_tph; // 2 tones previous
PHONEME_LIST *prev_p;
int pitch_adjust = 0; // pitch gradient through the clause - inital value
int pitch_decrement = 0; // decrease by this for each stressed syllable
int pitch_low = 0; // until it drops to this
int pitch_high = 0; // then reset to this
p = &phoneme_list[0];
// count number of stressed syllables
p = &phoneme_list[0];
for(ix=0; ix<n_phoneme_list; ix++, p++)
{
if((p->type == phVOWEL) && (p->tone >= 4))
{
if(count_stressed == 0)
final_stressed = ix;
if(p->tone >= 4)
{
final_stressed = ix;
count_stressed++;
}
}
}
phoneme_list[final_stressed].tone = 7;
// language specific, changes to tones
if(translator_name == L('v','i'))
{
// LANG=vi
p = &phoneme_list[final_stressed];
if(p->tone_ph == 0)
p->tone_ph = LookupPh("7"); // change default tone (tone 1) to falling tone at end of clause
}
pause = 1;
tone_promoted = 0;
prev_p = p = &phoneme_list[0];
prev_tph = prevw_tph = phoneme_tab[phonPAUSE];
// perform tone sandhi
for(ix=0; ix<n_phoneme_list; ix++, p++)
{
if((p->type == phPAUSE) && (p->ph->std_length > 50))
{
pause = 1; // there is a pause since the previous vowel
prevw_tph = phoneme_tab[phonPAUSE]; // forget previous tone
}
if(p->newword)
{
prev_tph = phoneme_tab[phonPAUSE]; // forget across word boundaries
}
if(p->synthflags & SFLAG_SYLLABLE)
{
tone_ph = p->tone_ph;
tph = phoneme_tab[tone_ph];
// Mandarin
if(translator_name == L('z','h'))
{
if(tone_ph == 0)
{
if(pause || tone_promoted)
{
tone_ph = LookupPh("55"); // no previous vowel, use tone 1
tone_promoted = 1;
}
else
{
tone_ph = LookupPh("11"); // default tone 5
}
p->tone_ph = tone_ph;
tph = phoneme_tab[tone_ph];
}
else
{
tone_promoted = 0;
}
if(ix == final_stressed)
{
if((tph->mnemonic == 0x3535 ) || (tph->mnemonic == 0x3135))
{
// change sentence final tone 1 or 4 to stress 6, not 7
phoneme_list[final_stressed].tone = 6;
}
}
if(prevw_tph->mnemonic == 0x343132) // [214]
{
if(tph->mnemonic == 0x343132) // [214]
prev_p->tone_ph = LookupPh("35");
else
prev_p->tone_ph = LookupPh("21");
}
if((prev_tph->mnemonic == 0x3135) && (tph->mnemonic == 0x3135)) // [51] + [51]
{
prev_p->tone_ph = LookupPh("53");
}
if(tph->mnemonic == 0x3131) // [11] Tone 5
{
// tone 5, change its level depending on the previous tone (across word boundaries)
if(prevw_tph->mnemonic == 0x3535)
p->tone_ph = LookupPh("22");
if(prevw_tph->mnemonic == 0x3533)
p->tone_ph = LookupPh("33");
if(prevw_tph->mnemonic == 0x343132)
p->tone_ph = LookupPh("44");
// tone 5 is unstressed (shorter)
p->tone = 1; // diminished stress
}
}
prev_p = p;
prev2_tph = prevw_tph;
prevw_tph = prev_tph = tph;
pause = 0;
}
}
// convert tone numbers to pitch
p = &phoneme_list[0];
for(ix=0; ix<n_phoneme_list; ix++, p++)
{
if(p->synthflags & SFLAG_SYLLABLE)
{
tone_ph = p->tone_ph;
if(p->tone != 1) // TEST, consider all syllables as stressed
{
if(ix == final_stressed)
{
// the last stressed syllable
pitch_adjust = pitch_low;
}
else
{
pitch_adjust -= pitch_decrement;
if(pitch_adjust <= pitch_low)
pitch_adjust = pitch_high;
}
}
if(tone_ph ==0)
{
tone_ph = phonDEFAULTTONE; // no tone specified, use default tone 1
p->tone_ph = tone_ph;
}
p->pitch1 = pitch_adjust + phoneme_tab[tone_ph]->start_type;
p->pitch2 = pitch_adjust + phoneme_tab[tone_ph]->end_type;
}
}
} // end of Translator::CalcPitches_Tone
void Translator::CalcPitches(int clause_type)
{//==========================================
// clause_type: 0=. 1=, 2=?, 3=! 4=none
PHONEME_LIST *p;
SYLLABLE *syl;
int ix;
int x;
int st_ix;
int n_st;
int option;
int group_tone;
int group_tone_emph;
int group_tone_comma;
int ph_start=0;
int st_start;
int st_clause_end;
int count;
int n_primary;
int count_primary;
PHONEME_TAB *ph;
int ph_end=n_phoneme_list;
SYLLABLE syllable_tab2[N_PHONEME_LIST];
syllable_tab = syllable_tab2; // don't use permanent storage. it's only needed during the call of CalcPitches()
n_st = 0;
n_primary = 0;
for(ix=0; ix<(n_phoneme_list-1); ix++)
{
p = &phoneme_list[ix];
if(p->synthflags & SFLAG_SYLLABLE)
{
syllable_tab[n_st].flags = 0;
syllable_tab[n_st].env = PITCHfall;
syllable_tab[n_st].nextph_type = phoneme_list[ix+1].type;
syllable_tab[n_st++].stress = p->tone; // stress level
if(p->tone >= 4)
n_primary++;
}
else
if((p->ph->code == phonPAUSE_CLAUSE) && (n_st > 0))
{
syllable_tab[n_st-1].flags |= SYL_END_CLAUSE;
}
}
syllable_tab[n_st].stress = 0; // extra 0 entry at the end
if(n_st == 0)
return; // nothing to do
if(langopts.tone_language == 1)
{
CalcPitches_Tone(clause_type);
return;
}
option = langopts.intonation_group;
if(option >= INTONATION_TYPES)
option = 0;
group_tone = punct_to_tone[option][clause_type];
group_tone_emph = punct_to_tone[option][5]; // emphatic form of statement
group_tone_comma = punct_to_tone[option][1]; // emphatic form of statement
if(clause_type == 4)
no_tonic = 1; /* incomplete clause, used for abbreviations such as Mr. Dr. Mrs. */
else
no_tonic = 0;
st_start = 0;
count_primary=0;
for(st_ix=0; st_ix<n_st; st_ix++)
{
syl = &syllable_tab[st_ix];
if(syl->stress >= 4)
count_primary++;
if(syl->stress == 6)
{
// reduce the stress of the previous stressed syllable (review only the previous few syllables)
for(ix=st_ix-1; ix>=st_start && ix>=(st_ix-3); ix--)
{
if(syllable_tab[ix].stress == 6)
break;
if(syllable_tab[ix].stress == 4)
{
syllable_tab[ix].stress = 3;
break;
}
}
// are the next primary syllables also emphasized ?
for(ix=st_ix+1; ix<n_st; ix++)
{
if(syllable_tab[ix].stress == 4)
break;
if(syllable_tab[ix].stress == 6)
{
// emphasize this syllable, but don't end the current tone group
syllable_tab[st_ix].flags = SYL_EMPHASIS;
syl->stress = 5;
break;
}
}
}
if(syl->stress == 6)
{
// an emphasized syllable, end the tone group after the next primary stress
syllable_tab[st_ix].flags = SYL_EMPHASIS;
count = 0;
if((n_primary - count_primary) > 1)
count =1;
for(ix=st_ix+1; ix<n_st; ix++)
{
if(syllable_tab[ix].stress > 4)
break;
if(syllable_tab[ix].stress == 4)
{
count++;
if(count > 1)
break;
}
}
count_pitch_vowels(st_start, ix, n_st);
if((ix < n_st) || (clause_type == 0))
calc_pitches(st_start, ix, group_tone_emph, group_tone_emph); // split into > 1 tone groups, use emphatic tone
else
calc_pitches(st_start, ix, group_tone, group_tone);
st_start = ix;
}
if((st_start < st_ix) && (syl->flags & SYL_END_CLAUSE))
{
// end of clause after this syllable, indicated by a phonPAUSE_CLAUSE phoneme
st_clause_end = st_ix+1;
count_pitch_vowels(st_start, st_clause_end, st_clause_end);
calc_pitches(st_start, st_clause_end, group_tone_comma, group_tone_comma);
st_start = st_clause_end;
}
}
if(st_start < st_ix)
{
count_pitch_vowels(st_start, st_ix, n_st);
calc_pitches(st_start, st_ix, group_tone, group_tone);
}
// unpack pitch data
st_ix=0;
for(ix=ph_start; ix < ph_end; ix++)
{
p = &phoneme_list[ix];
p->tone = syllable_tab[st_ix].stress;
if(p->synthflags & SFLAG_SYLLABLE)
{
syl = &syllable_tab[st_ix];
x = syl->pitch1 - 72;
if(x < 0) x = 0;
p->pitch1 = x;
x = syl->pitch2 - 72;
if(x < 0) x = 0;
p->pitch2 = x;
p->env = PITCHfall;
if(syl->flags & SYL_RISE)
{
p->env = PITCHrise;
}
else
if(p->tone > 5)
p->env = syl->env;
if(p->pitch1 > p->pitch2)
{
// swap so that pitch2 is the higher
x = p->pitch1;
p->pitch1 = p->pitch2;
p->pitch2 = x;
}
if(p->tone_ph)
{
ph = phoneme_tab[p->tone_ph];
x = (p->pitch1 + p->pitch2)/2;
p->pitch2 = x + ph->end_type;
p->pitch1 = x + ph->start_type;
}
if(syl->flags & SYL_EMPHASIS)
{
p->tone |= 8; // emphasized
}
st_ix++;
}
}
} // end of Translator::CalcPitches
