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Web servers, also known as HTTP servers, are servers that host websites and web applications. Web servers are the backbone of all sites and web apps on the internet. Many popular web servers are open source. Different web servers have advantages and disadvantages when compared to one another, and selecting the right one depends on use case, deployment, operating system, and more.

Application server software provides a platform for deploying, managing, and running applications, typically for web or enterprise environments. These servers handle the backend logic of applications, facilitating the connection between client devices and databases or other services. Application servers often provide middleware services such as security, transaction management, and messaging, enabling the smooth execution of applications. They are designed to support multiple users simultaneously and ensure high availability, scalability, and performance of applications. This software is commonly used in environments where complex, data-intensive applications are developed, such as in e-commerce platforms, enterprise resource planning (ERP), and customer relationship management (CRM) systems.

Proxy servers act as intermediaries between a user's device and the internet, routing online requests through an external server. They mask the user's IP address, enhancing privacy, anonymity, and security while browsing. Proxy servers are commonly used for web scraping, content access control, and bypassing geo-restrictions on region-locked websites. They can be categorized into different types, including data center proxies, residential proxies, ISP proxies, and mobile proxies, each with distinct features and use cases. By filtering, caching, and encrypting data, proxy servers improve browsing speed, reduce bandwidth usage, and protect users from online threats.