VLANS
Trunk Encapsulation Ethernet Header Trunk Types
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802.1Q Header Size 4 bytes Trailer Size N/A Standard IEEE Maximum VLANs 4094 Command dot1q VLAN Numbers 0 Reserved
ISL 26 bytes 4 bytes Cisco 1000 isl
1004 fdnet 1005 trnet 1006-4094 Extended 4095 Reserved
VLAN Creation
Switch(config)# vlan 100 Switch(config-vlan)# name Engineering
1 default 1002 fddi-default 1003 tr
Access Port Configuration
Switch(config-if)# Switch(config-if)# Switch(config-if)# Switch(config-if)# switchport switchport switchport switchport mode access nonegotiate access vlan 100 voice vlan 150
Terminology
Trunking Extending multiple VLANs over the same physical connection Native VLAN By default, frames in this VLAN are untagged when sent across a trunk Access VLAN The VLAN to which an access port is assigned Voice VLAN If configured, enables minimal trunking to support voice traffic in addition to data traffic on an access port Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) Can be used to automatically establish trunks between capable ports; carries a security risk Switched Virtual Interface (SVI) A virtual interface which provides a routed gateway into and out of a VLAN
Trunk Port Configuration
Switch(config-if)# Switch(config-if)# Switch(config-if)# Switch(config-if)# switchport switchport switchport switchport mode trunk trunk encapsulation dot1q trunk allowed vlan 10,100-200 trunk native vlan 10
SVI Configuration
Switch(config)# interface vlan100 Switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
VLAN Trunking Protocol
Domain Common to all switches participating in VTP Server Mode Generates and propagates VTP advertisements to clients; this mode is default on unconfigured switches Client Mode Receives and forwards advertisements from servers; VLANs cannot be manually configured on switches in client mode Transparent Mode Forwards advertisements but does not participate in VTP; VLANs must be configured manually Pruning VLANs not having any access ports on an end switch are removed from the trunk to reduce flooded traffic
Switch Port Modes
trunk Forms an unconditional trunk dynamic desirable Actively attempts to negotiate a trunk with the distant end dynamic auto Will form a trunk only if requested by the distant end access Will never form a trunk
Troubleshooting show vlan
VTP Configuration
Switch(config)# Switch(config)# Switch(config)# Switch(config)# Switch(config)# vtp vtp vtp vtp vtp mode server domain LASVEGAS password Presl3y version 2 pruning
show interface status show interface switchport show interface trunk show vtp status show vtp password
by Jeremy Stretch
v1.2
