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Premature Infant Pain Profile Guide

The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) is a behavioral measure used to assess pain in premature infants. It scores 7 indicators: gestational age, behavioral state before a painful stimulus, and changes in heart rate, oxygen saturation, brow bulge, eye squeeze, and nasolabial furrow during the stimulus. Scores are given for each indicator and summed to provide an overall PIPP score, with higher scores indicating greater pain behavior.

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333 views2 pages

Premature Infant Pain Profile Guide

The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) is a behavioral measure used to assess pain in premature infants. It scores 7 indicators: gestational age, behavioral state before a painful stimulus, and changes in heart rate, oxygen saturation, brow bulge, eye squeeze, and nasolabial furrow during the stimulus. Scores are given for each indicator and summed to provide an overall PIPP score, with higher scores indicating greater pain behavior.

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shuteki
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Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) Overview: The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) is a behavioral measure of pain

for premature infants. It was developed at the Universities of Toronto and McGill in Canada. Indicators: (1) gestational age (2) behavioral state before painful stimulus (3) change in heart rate during painful stimulus (4) change in oxygen saturation during painful stimulus (5) brow bulge during painful stimulus (6) eye squeeze during painful stimulus (7) nasolabial furrow during painful stimulus Scoring instructions: (1) Score gestational age before examining infant. (2) Score the behavioral state before the potentially painful event by observing the infant for 15 seconds . (3) Record the baseline heart rate and oxygen saturation. (4) Observe the infant for 30 seconds immediately following the painful event. Score physiologic and facial changes seen during this time and record immediately. Indicator gestational age Finding >= 36 weeks 32 weeks to 35 weeks 6 days 28 weeks to 31 weeks 6 days < 28 weeks behavioral state active/awake eyes open facial movements quiet/awake eyes open no facial movements active/sleep eyes closed facial movements quiet/sleep eyes closed no facial movements heart rate maximum 0-4 beats per minute increase 5-14 beats per minute increase Points 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1

15-24 beats per minute increase >= 25 beats per minute increase oxygen saturation minimum 0 to 2.4% decrease 2.5 to 4.9% decrease 5.0 to 7.4% decrease 7.5% decrease or more brow bulge none (<= 9% of time) minimum (10-39% of time) moderate (40-69% of time) maximum (>= 70% of time) eye squeeze none (<= 9% of time) minimum (10-39% of time) moderate (40-69% of time) maximum (>= 70% of time) nasolabial furrow none (<= 9% of time) minimum (10-39% of time) moderate (40-69% of time) maximum (>= 70% of time) premature infant pain profile = SUM(points for all 7 indicators) Interpretation: minimum score: 0 maximum score: 21 The higher the score the greater the pain behavior. References:

2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3

Stevens B Johnston C et al. Premature Infant Pain Profile: Development and initial validation. Clinical Journal of Pain. 1996; 12: 13-22

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