. ) DRISCOPIPE. o- | Systems Design osey Ce fiers Poe ees ei remenas peered ices ey lores ee See eal aid eerie Sore eng ad eet Bnet ns ea panes Eero Eolas ae eoeieey poeta ey Cnty Bereta tis Presta ees Pieri) Gasriow Cee ec rec De penetra ens eee Pte acne meet forcement peta Peat reas iatececoner ioe id Se aietoa oad eee ae erty See eet nae Leer betes PEEEES Seay eee ee erred teeta eee eterna eae pee reed Potted reroniretes tee eee By Components ceeepeee iret Ecler ets cetera er Coe ee eet oe “ype Marne Ppaines ererementens ern ee See ees eer ee ene ce Perormance Cal ets pe ed pare eterno cates Cee cite a Peerage ed ert Caent ) DRISCOPIPE Introduction ‘This manual presents desig perametorsapoicable {othe design of Drscopipe Poyetylene Pipe ‘Systems noidng appletions end neato. is ‘2cempiaton ofenensive researc, eld periomance dala and mathematical derivations ‘Stppored by laboratory swasigatons. his offered as [oman fo you consderatonin speciivng Drseopipe. tis rtended a bean ado, bul rota ‘set for, your oun rvesigaton an evaluation Of he product ineach ppcatin cr rtalaton. As {you proceed with your design, questions may ase Your brecopiparopeseniaive witb qui wang answer your questions and cscs your needs. Preliminary Design Data ‘he industiesseread by Digcopipe ae quite vets The appleatons win each sy sro ‘Siteneve and-eanie demanding, Some ae irole ‘Sa siaghtioware. Otters are compl ana may Fy reiertewcpt mente sone Sinco Discopipo oils the advantages of Hetil, renllency ane toughness, ifr rom il laste ‘and soe pipe n some pleasant ways. Driscopipe ‘ibe by taal song, exremalycugh ard vy ‘Grable. Lean stad sone or be coricored as 8 Doron ofthe envoemert. Each nealiaion becomes 2 stam” wits te envronment, can gather ‘addons stengi om ts suroundings an is ‘Seponaweto changes pyle errant Proper eystem design should give canideation to ‘hallowing si design citer Fluid Properties Conpattiy: Ther are mary chemical handing ‘roams which can be sok wih Drscanie, ‘ts one ofthe most chenicay resin’ plastics Conrercaly avaable Becatse oisinherert homial compostn and sive, Orscop}pe doos ° potreact win most products beng pumped. Kis ‘italy ert Thora are ny avery ow eon ‘chemigals which alec When revewirg the “chemical compatbity chars presented nthe Chavactasios oochure, ts RepwUlto keaptne folowing twee fecorsn min, 1. The chemical sistance of rscopipe's elated ‘oe chemical sal he operaing lemperatre {and the concontaton ofthe cherie 2. Strong cxiizing agents suchas nitic act, ulus acc, chlor gas ane lqud bromine are ‘eel aggrassvo and deserve spacal {oneideraton (See Chemical Resistance char Engnosing Charactarsies brochure) {8, Permeation ofthe pipe wating for most prodets Howe aroma Fyetocarbon Dermeaton rates shoud be revowea, Specie Gavi. A close aporoxtration shouabe ‘made ofthe fds density spect arty orate {ser flow cleaatens andor instalation calculations, \scosy: Sore moasure othe he's vecosity ‘should bormade o aopromated over the sytem’ ‘peaing temperatura tango, Pw ard proscure aleulatons ate eat ots propery. For example, Folistne medum being pumped during surmer ‘and wide at corsint pressure. he wie CupLt (lou) decreases as teecostyncreanes (eigetscaer, ‘Sols Contant: Driscopipeis used to corey mary ‘Sary mitures, Some ae may processing Pipelines. Some er secondary waste conveying Pipelines, The system designer shoud consier he ‘Sli sates corte, is parcle eructra, abvasieness, size detibuton, nat speciic raiy Pipeline Life Requirements, ‘Aeteinaton shoul be mage othe estimated ‘it’ oft installed pipeine For exami, acy ‘sewer system should have. minum 0 year le. A ‘emporan. gtaviyvbow, mine alrgs”surtynamay aod bool service only five years bear operons ‘re moved. Agpeciazoc chemical prososs plat tray be cbsdieted or encvated n S10 20 yore ue {otechrobgy changes. Difarent design pararctors {a allowable opendont upon maxeram operation ‘Conclons and expected ie"Mike (Operating Pressure/Vacuum, Operating Pressures: n considering the design its foraDiccopine system tbe design engineer should recognize te interdependence o es opoatng rosso, he oporang tempore, he safety factor End ihe expected te Snoe few plpalnee operate a ‘stable pressure, he engineer should estimate the Dperang pressurerange: The design shoul ‘Consider the highest ang lem operating pressure vith recogni give tote adaonal Safety actor (aned at over operating pessue. ‘Suge Pressures (Wats Hamme): Special Consideration shoud be gan to pressurized ‘Syste wih valbing or sruars "QUeK’ operation Ola valve may convert ne mass inertia of te town Sreamiro high sate hoad on he pressure det tha pene, Because otha esi, essonce and tougnness of Orscoppe, tis able ta abso Sigrticantcuge proses. As wah asters, limitations ints rea shou be examines Vacuum vacuum systom sa spacial appicaton fr ary HOPE pipe, Vacuum eye using Drsconipe hve operated succecsuly for many yar Hower, ‘detaining tenn “creep” proper Pebatiyene, ony space SDR shoud be usod. In ern al fom gray fac Ine, asighon or vacuum Condon can develop when sudgen changes in The Dscopipesystom rust be engineered thor sufisinty song prevent pips colapse cn ‘ray How stualons fo vactisn can bo “bck” Bysuen means as ana tke ve, Reto the sectionon vacuum cr ucton pipelines to review Drecopipe vacuum capabitoe ‘Temperature Range lic Temperate Range: The tonporatureo the hid being conveyed wihave anos! cna sanice Capabilly of iscopipe. AS win all hermopiaste ipeg, poyetylene pips loses sfiness andtensio strength as temperature increases. Astermnerature fsa, te normal opeaing presave othe ppe ‘shouldbe coated Or ative wal ips can be specie thoi he same pressure at higher tomperarues. ‘the lenpoature decreases, the pipe gars stenghh The pp may bo dosed to hel ated prose at 7S. we recognition ot @ goat ealty fact at or omporaures. Discooipe hoops is flexbiy and nteqy downto ~Teorr Me “tae ot ‘hum high operate i on aDiscoppe prossiizod system © M0 10°F Non prescuzed, Gravylow eytera or hie at trmportures. Between 180"ta 180 may be canedered under specalcleumstances. ‘Aloences fo hemal expansion and conracton Should be engnweras rt ay etalon bases Upan the a orenvrecroral erperatre Erirorerena Torgeatue Range: An instalation of ‘Oriscopipeaystom nine deaer witha daly temaerature ange ol 100 obveusly must er ram faninatalaion tow te et Ina ofa rozen undea ‘The point stat both the hd temperate and ‘rutonmant emparature must be censisaedin Selemnning utieh SOR to spocly, 25 wolasin ‘ompaneaing for ermal expantion ana cottacton Flow Requirements oO Drecaoioe haa saat wall Because tis smocthoe than lel or concrete, tl cerwoy more. Compaod tostoal or concrete, a'smaler Drscopipe lwo pipe Cancartyan equvalrt vous tow rate athe ‘Sere prosove This makes iia! or rlning pipes while maintain ental tow espatiiien Aso, he prose dop per oD fet isis tanatnet fnaterae, Deecopipe conserves ener. Gorey Speaking, the vam tow rate can be calculates Ubig the formals anc tales presertag he ve Stop Desig secon. Descopipe 8600 and 1000 bath meet he requirements of NSF or pola water Sppicators, Soe your Criscoppe Repraseriatve forcsis,Installation Considerations Ean Loads, Live Loads, Enwtermantl Conions ‘Tha systems design anginaerseuldcalogorze me fstaaton aio ane of several iypes. Each netalaion requires esac of te proper SOR io suppor the ‘ideal eho atic leads mposed on te pipe iongtucialyorcreuriorentiahy Smutanecushy eth compaction factors shoud be spectes ft ural intalaions to eneve hat he tus eat and {raf leads do rat excoed te system dig is. ‘Semele mare impotant factors to consi for ‘ch nsasaton ar Ladson Syppated Suspended Ppaines: ‘supports mtb frequent enough prev’ ‘ny sag fram Pie waighte! to ppeand conn quel suppods aso alow con estar ‘ofthermalekpension Loads on Expnsed, "Aboveground Ppalnes: Those Pelnes lad overiand are exposed torunerous Frizaraa From season season en righ today, the ‘pe wl naturally conractor expr aw rates 65.8 movement should be conralled by such ‘mone ab snaking, anchoring er calla wenehing ‘Tras preven abrasion duo mowerert as wel os passiblewnking As the sumer toes Foreases. te pressuring of re pee eraassd, Ae tne wir tempat decreases, ho Sstoy factor on pipe pressure increased, aad an Euid, “Blowgreund” Paine: Tis Complex subjects coved in dope, considers he Sar load, eas imposed by setting, ads rmposed by vale water tales, et. Convo o ermal fsrparsientveugh ea fictions Gscussed aad on Bure, “Marne” Pipalnes: Buried marine Pietnesrequie spect consieraion o contol pele buoyancy regarding ne censty oltre pe, {he denaty ofthe ad boing Varsperiod and vaviancein operating conditions, Ppeines rot ena karo scbjec to excoma ening bythe weg ot the wale: Design of bured maxtne pines shouls inetd niavaton procedures as wol as met ods to ‘anchor secure the pipalineln place. Pipsine ‘woghts end spacing mustbe determined. The Instalaton procedure shoud prove means ‘mini excessive sain cuig he sng ol he ‘pe assembly Constaraon shoud be gven poseble damage by boa! anchor, debris ana ‘Suront acon a wo! eto the capo capscty of the oti gravel mucar ei Tha signer sro alsa ‘consider ancing te pie a entre aes The ‘ater by such mane astrenehing and ra rp imply ose arose Med with peal moss and weade also neudes hose Pipelines buredin ares in which the gol becomes {asryiquetiod or hldees For exampse oration 106 lo ruler flow ora worn pump migpt cause centah clays to fcee, Under ouch conotions he Be coud erupt tough ote surface auo oes BBooyancy Sacha pipsine must be weighted to keep iRbelow he surtace On he other and sry ine ‘wth pagatva buoyancy may nood support Keep from srling to uressonabie dept The ‘Combinational el oad water bad buayancy and Sol suppor mest be considered, ‘Load an Exposed, "Water Suac™ Plptves: Dracopipe ed win wer woo es natraty bueyantIean even use! laion purposes. As afos of aloatng pipeline, consiersion should be phen towne lees and wave action, possi anche, postle damage y boat "logs. possible changesin flue derstes and motiodsot fncroning he pipe ast enters orleavos th water the shorine Live Talc Loads: Tac operating over a buried pipeline (or even near apipelne) causes Fw ear ‘move unceris weight Ths everso-ight moversone IBacyname toad vars: fom he velco tthe ‘tung, The neavrthe ahi the greater tne load {fansler To dshbute and reduce te tad an be pine Kcanbebured deeper (wth its) andl locted ‘ero fom aie. The sess n he pipe may aso 0 reduced by inreasing te sol comeacion (dene) (rlrinalad by conducting though acasing pipe.L ) DRISCOPIPE. ‘Tne system designer sraus review he vxcus ratio Weight classes, sol compact actors andine assooaied sss proseniedin ine design section ter Emvvrmantl Conse + Sunight ane Wester ~Driecoplpe woathrs wall ‘never climate contains carbon black o protect [inabowegourd instaaions where fis exaosed {ols cunand two slomart Exposuroto ‘mating worness sn dress o een and thawing dos ot ecu any special procauton, tne than prope insalaton design, + Biclogca inertness —Patyorylee sine. contars no chemicals hich ean sso ontaminate wate: its notaigasiba, nas food ‘alle andvill nt suppan even bactenal grou. Bocausa Drscopipa sso smooth andinet lis tlficulormerne growths anc algoa to aches, + Asia and insect Attack — Driscopipe isnot ‘soked by insects such a are, tris, burrowing nace, earthworms or marine wos Smaler lameter Oiscopipe cane damaged by ‘gnawing rodents such abras buttisnot common Shoe meres notood value + Mecolaneous —Tho onginoer shou be aware o {he ltl erirorment nich ha Descepipe systemisto bo used. fd vibealon shouldbe eiinated moerized 2, Sinoe Dlscoppe ls nonmetal tant be leested by meta detectors a ouriod Pipers needs tobe veces, atacor wie Should bo burod adjacent tote pe, Being nermetali, no sacrilcal anoces 26 raquied er brsospipe. Pus or coresion S ota potiem 3. I Diseopie is beng used neara source ot hoateuch aga stoartine, tl, unace or hota the pipe shoud be nalts om te Feat or reraton strengths erie thane 4. here isa signscant concertraton ti or tthe Fydtocarbon me son a system esignor should lecuss nis win the Biscopipe epreseniaive Hycracareans do natatack ho pipe bat wil permeate he Pe tal osusing elongation and loool arena ‘Thaeaoflacls ave vere. permanent hstalaoes, he pipe shoul be uraconto heavier walto prove adequate srenghh forthe ppeine pressure, 5. CautanIIDFecopipeis tobe used to transpoe potable ator souls nat be Suredin Sole cortaminatod by hydrocarbon {es or emer chemicals known atest Dolyetylenerorshould be burod naroas tahoe theres afagh isk lr potential, severe ‘hemical eps. hese crounstancos, ne siping eto ether ts pastor meta, ‘Sane corldered immune covamination Sy permeation trough ie wats or a. ‘fetcortaminaing sou cannot be eafely ‘contoed, Is ban o cangethe piping rout atlogatrer Contingency and Risk ineome casos, hors siioaton othe slecton ‘ta pipe 20, wal hickoass ce SDR aor than tat ‘lernined trough an engineering aralc Uporading tn. hiker wal soten ooctiodinshery aptcaions to lengthon te serie lle ana manta mie plpe preseue ang as tweae Upgrading may be inorder ssa contingency against Unknown such ae arabe operating conditons, ‘tem abuse, suspetous ea condi, st Use ot the no Pek wat an ighesprossre an vt reuse Hoop ses ana nroaso tna uncronalvacter fealty. ne rol damage itigh ana soleus teconamc donsoauenoes or ho pe sat Invoked, the enginee= best judgment may Beto Incorporate addtonal salty factors inthe Pipsine design, oFive Step Design “Tne design of vscopipe system's simple ang salhttorwara. Rf fepetiveprocecre which ‘ques tenten to dotatanathe exercise of some Hapment. Every epaleaton seven andopering ‘conditions ars cheree. inane ca. he pe ster nay be designed around he pressure a ow apaaiy ote pump steady en hand, in ance the Syaton oul be designed around cic fow whet Fegartiess of design clea, te design process pb. Essentially, ste sacon ol cary te ow required and he Emutaneous soloctonof a poe wal hickxeas Sufciontto cay the eyter prossur safely (ata ‘von omporatre} for many Years. Fundamental tho system preseue and temperatura datermne a wal hlekness fhe pipes nside dame (LD), Fowvelocty and pressure crop determine the system fowrae, Theppe selecton process isa procedure whch meicies and balances pipe 1D fd wal hese err to opteize pressure and fowespabiies at areesonabie cost nefolowng guidelines ae presented or evalvaton when designing a specie scope stom. Because alte avery of soplicaton aha the ype feign contains hay be neceasaryt2 preach tne Design Procedure Gules na trod or GUIDELINES + Corsi sence Here 1 Conair te pipe ini ow roquenents + Consider the pie and walt a pressure requrerrons + Wor ine pe s2e ad wal caress untthe ow and pressure ne pbs soecod are ancopiadle for both «+ Console a extemal “Earth Load and Live Load” + hast ope wal icsness a equled fo. Corse erating the Pips based upon he srvonmeral operating lomperaure + Rv te inal pe lz and wal ices moet ow, pressure and exter iad reuremerts Sta gven erperature ana system fe expectancy. Rye Yea eenal= Ug VALS “ briscopipe an exceptionally smocth wal pipe. Ts ‘account ris excl ow capac) Discopipe fis crag, os tendency toturbuence at high fan, no saradion, no "weting ana ees ‘2ceptbotodepesis or bacterial owt Because lis excelent fon propos, asmaler diamet pipe can ofan be specie tocar aghenokane (then comeared wih soo, cast ron orcancreo. [and Oiscopspe flare tse fow characterises ‘verte sere is, Pressurized Full Flow ‘Many equations ae avaliable to show the laorship between fic tow and pressure dop ina given pipane, The equation ypcally nvoNe a eton facta thats dependent onthe piperatenl. ary: Weizach sore oommonty used equation The Oarejeisbact cpatin equ the Moody {ton actor cagramo' an equation to ciculte ialon facta of Poppe based on fe rave roughness. The'emoatreass factor for Drsoopipo ks = 7x"More= 8410-4 The Daroy Weisbach equation ad the Colebrak- Wate exeression othe cron factor arechownin Chit te May agi nt bea ps Fre but is avail Inanamber of reforonce books, Fora sinple solution to fic fowin Drecopip,reler tothe Hazen Willams equation and nomographs shownion pages 7, 82nd 1 DareyWeicbach ry Colebrook White Weve: inside lamer alot = Gretna! accoeration Fist actor = Smootness actor Feyeads number UP Stengtht ) DRISCOPIPE. Int Fow Estate: By inning te nse ameter of ‘partouar pipe size and assuring arominal valocty, {he volume ow ate (gp) canbe calculates. (O=2acovo? mere: Q. =Gatone perminte V =Volocty (so) D =I (echos) By knowing the equited gpm and assuming a ‘amin fow velo, th be amet or welocty ‘ane calculates on aw Fx v= 29(8) From tose tree formulas, an approximate angels teslalshedfrthepips 1D, ow retean ow ‘oct requis. ‘Saleoton Based on Pressurzed Row The designer ‘can proceeds to Fon Chars 2 and So seect one or fo pine sizes uch will adocuteyhandl he presurid fow awh an acceptable presse rep. The elacson proses may have lobe repeated iofhd.a pipe win the ight conpiation of darter, Now ala weal ane an acceptasle preseure dion. (Chass 2 and are pl tow tale vers po. insle carat versus pressure loss basad uson the Hazen ard Willams Formas THE HAZEN AND WILLIAMS FORMULA >, = #20" BPro = Figee Wine: AP gy» Fiction pressure oes, pounds paren per 00 est of pipe = Reteot iow US. gallons perminute © Pipa cooticient ese Chand) © =Piperiemaiciametor ncnes* Nate The pice sieesistedon the Hazen ila Fw Ghar 2 and are romina pipe outside ‘lamer. Refer i dimensional ars or exact, imensions. Chars 2 and 3 are avaliable nan {tse free upon equest “The covcint Cs essential afclon actos Chart Aoutines "vais fer varios pipes wan he ‘uence oagein se service The desire vl ‘ood oenecie juagmont to eatecton ope {S206 beet moot he design paremeors and goals ‘The foloning may behets + Fora given ow ate, @ LARGER clameter ope wi havea tomer voll an lowe: pressure drop. + Fora gven fow ao, @ SMALLER dlametor pipe wil nawehigher wbcly and ahgher pressure op. + Highar sel in lrper amor pips prosuoes lee rconalfneadae when compared otha ‘some velociyin a smal pipe. + Fo omnes pressure trough 2 pipe ie rworesy proportional othe fourh power ofthe pe Inigo garter «+ Farubusot fo the oss preseue hough 2 oe ls deect proportionate square of he Mow rate and wverslyaroporinal othe tr pgwor Ohio sida camaro, APNODS. = 1251020%) o‘voRpUED Mo}, IN 40} FEY MO} Je}EM "SA SSO] aiNsseid (12 uas ‘92 Yas ‘sZe HAS) adid 0098 * 0001 JdldOOSIUG c ° o) DRISCOPIPE iL US) Sil 0098 ¥ 0001 3dld4OOSIHG(Se ten ht oir wo) ‘Table of °C” Values for “Hazen and cede conmen ping arn sompares oe no Witares Rormolae™ saiocied ponsurebae eg eh Lonstont TypeotPipe terms of ciameters, The inside diameter (in feet) Se stato ws Sane a red iting xiv tengh tees erkoton oe 20 sregaes whe 110 Tenomoreyexs ode sorre.c wy mo Galvanized steet aq 2D 10 Racmtecmresseccaatonce SMe SS... womeena Presse Los fr Viscous Fu: + ister Base ruids For water base lds with ‘vscosties leer tha pure water 70U0) ‘mato one pressure loss de tots aos is ‘pprocmatod ty muting be Hazen hia irtional pressute oss pe 10. by he specie gravy ofthe id. + Non letr Base Figs: When the Reyrokss number flown pines e ess ban 200, vaoous how ‘xsl. The Reyrolds number canbe cacuted fe re = 50700 Where: Q = fowingom = dansty of tide ast 5 Sinsde diameter ches fe = absokie (aysaic) ieosiy “(Cenpcicn = Canttoke xSpecife Gravy) The pressure top fr viscous thw ype! of somes and iqade othr an wale ean be calculates om 02730, of Where: Ay = Fictional Pressure Lessin ps per 00. of pine Feforto Chan 6tocaleulate the pressure chp in psiper 1001 of ppetaing the remogram or Design Precaitors: Nter appropriate pipe sizes havo boon selected based uoon fon requveren, the designer shoud conser ho flowing boore proceeding th na ramaring Design Steps. P"Thesystem pressure dop (nats tings) shoulda ceed the prssure ang fe he selectoa + Thepump pressure shuld excoedthe stom preseue top, bulshauisnat exceed he pressure fang othe pipe solactes AP co oA ome scm Pn et Viscous Flow’ Pressure Loss Bette In Pressurized, Full-Flow Pipelines Vv o qo: 967 |t ) DRISCOPIPE. Gravity Flow Gravity Fl systems aro ype by intial anc ‘municipal waste and sewer ines as wel ax ator anc ‘Sury pipelines, Some may operate wi ul ow ana ‘some may operate partly hal Because ofS Superior wallmoothness nd excalert tow Charactrsis of Drecopip, an ecient system can be desgnea. ‘Smaller lameters to cary agvenfow meat raced coals. ocauee Disconipe dose ot "200" Tahntenance cass ares. Reduces operating oats supported by he rlabity ol Discoppe can moan proved nice, Fu Flow. Tree ings are requced to select and size Dricopipe fr afulfow gay sytem (1) GPM Now: ‘ate reguremens, 2) the slope othe pipetine anc {Byasslectonof en appropite pipe. ‘Based upon afl ow statin, the GPM flow fats cane called fem te Manning equation asians Om onsanersi® Where: Q. = Roorin gpm 4 = Hyoraule radius (D +4) (ncn 8" = Slope (uot) A= Grose secon area ot pipe LD.insa, ncnes vy —Veocmytarce) 1D = inde esate inctes (ote: Above formula includes n=.008) The vloty canbe caleuatod by: o LD =" /eaaTae Andina sop by oonrsc® wee Allott has been selifed and reduced ito Chan. Byuse of hs sorogram, the designe: can peat apie LD, slope, an he ow rate matcheo {ta sytem roqitomenis. By conscering elevation ‘Shanges, ec, the pepe SDA can be eolocio. Al {Band ©.0.Seersion for each SDF canbe found ‘on Discopipe emenaiona chart, eolow Rate ata Given Slopet_) DRISCOPIPE. Paral om Supisngly enough, a grey pipeine wllcarry more quid when tang B63 1 59% al than when 100% fu. This recognized as he elect frecucea etn due othe tquiss contact wih ess ‘ibe wal sutaoo, Cha Bilusats the changes in ‘obey and fow canacty when compared tofu ow, nan Carrying Capacity of Partially Full Pipes SF Velocity Flow Capacty croruy "seth “00 100 10 6 m 1083 0 18 107 a 18 8 70 14 a @ 108 a Ps 100 2 «o 8 2 2 2 19 2B 6 14 a 6 ° 10 3s 3 For gravy paral tow pipeines the GPR tow rte Fane calcite tiga hese Msnning| fequatons fl: (O- s8g AR 25% Where: @ = Fewingem eine cass sectional ow aca hn = 202 V= S20 y Svebely niece Usual, 2 paral fl gravy How ipetneis studied asatuliow ppalnect a ater, but smaller, ‘cuvalen”clamete: The ounvalen” clamoir matches athe ydrautc characterise ol thelarge, part! fow gravity plpoine The vlc, GPM fow fate and sope are dencalineach ease. The (auivalent claretor four teste ryeraulc aus {Oya = 4Fy). The Mycrauc radius fr paral fow ‘ret ppsles i detned asthe ato oe craSs- 'Soctonalfow area diided by ho wetiod permete Chart crmpttes tse caleletons by eppiing a ‘ruliplr tote a ow sanction Helor tothe chartand ‘@ample problem for proper calcvaton procedures. ‘cra 9 Gravity-flow partially full parameters From Graviy Ful Flow char, 2 20°10. Pie Wl Cary ‘cm gor thal Row What wt ear seep? jit = 0181105 ps [rom Ve~ 408 (De) 124 = @xt2i=608"0 Slip Lining Flow Capacity ‘Atraquent aplication of Oseeopipe 6600 and 1000 itor airing of covers and wasisPancing sysoms,Solacion ol he Dlscopine size (op Tning's accomplished oy ceterining theramum size ner tal can be ince ino exiing ine fan he flow required tough he new ine Nanning trmulais to accopted meta or Sstemining the fow of sage Using tes forda, @ ‘ealonshpo pipe ameter can oo elavichos ‘hereby etna ize may be prediied nor to ‘esr tha sewer te orginal capacty A good we ‘of thumb nszing he alpine pipe sto alow 0% ot the amor as doaranes gap between the lager pe andthe ner: O.D mecoror = 90% LD ses ‘Since:moet sewage flows orev Bow, the Manning Formulae presented ear are appicsbishore: O-osgARZs va sER, St 10-A/ REE store - SOOO Ry = Hydraulic acus inches S) = Shopsin tet A. Croce sectional area ol pipe |. Insquarainches v= Wolsey nfeoe io, = Ineo iemster inches {8 using thee formulae ar incorpraing he Manning eughresscostient or orisoopine, clay tioand eencrbe, can be shown tal ore same Sopa, tho. of Diseripa need be cry 82.6% of theo! cence nd 696% othe LD of ly toto rewde te same tow rate The demvaton ofthis fact Eincludedin ie appends Drioopipe D.~ (826) (concrete 0.) DrisooppeD. = (83 (lay tie |. ‘Example: & 12 concrete sewer has been corades bythe hycrogen sulle produced by ire sewage. must berelne, Simpy mutly 826% 12" which equals 9.908"for he Datthalin’ pipe, One Oiscapie ine hat wouls satay tis appeation 1" SDA 26th an LD. of + $924" Forth applications nr ofrs greater man 100% orignal fou There ine il eiminae intra, thts 10% of ginal Now set ‘oval requved, 7% wl nomad be etsfactony inhase cases where a redscod percentage he ‘ignalfow s arttpates ho sie fhe OnscopIpe liner ea be ootorined ty tho xmas Do (Patent) x (Soin) = x (4) Where: Dy = Drscopipe 1D, * = 008 Disopioe core 371 Asbestos coment OR Gly Te = o's Concretet ) DRISCOPIPE: cenerote Pipe Sis (ches) Chants 10and 1 have been prepareito simply determining he percentol ow oered by te new Driseopipe knee Chart 0 ior ling concrete Sowers Cha 1! sor ay tb Sowers ‘chart 10 Required HDPE LD. for Relining RERERR exsaee° coat 1 Required HDPE LD. for Relining Percentage (Cioy Te Pipe Stes ches) Bg exeez|erne|ecues| sence [acass|sozsegrk Slurry Critical Flow Thetilé perommance of Discagipe in stay anpieatina has comnts te supercr abrasion DDiscopipe has bean lab testo and field proven to 1 3t0Fane,nmany oases 41 9859 olay ova ie ara, equies less reazent maintenance and oles eoaramnc atvardages lor produ! anspor “obbene rom a these advantages, he sry sine engineer sds tata several toge nto ‘Soreideraton, Tris section degustes same fhe ‘apr design ones be catered won ‘eaigning a sur plpesno. The designe: & ‘encouraged o pursue an evdepth sty ofeach of thse tops as ney apply oa parcular stuaton, Aunyie dened as a wo phase mitra oof pariles anc a fun which he two phases do nak ‘Shemicaly react and canbe separated by met anil ‘rsans, Sry systems ae ved ino Wo pes “LNon-sattng sures 2 Satingsurioe “Te rer-setng sures assure the hye ow Charactersies of avncous kid as such pe ‘Syste ae designed aosorang to sandra precodures wih slowanese or he nigror vist However mest peal sry apoloatons ar ofthe "ale! ype. Ihe soe tend to ete cut altho ‘carnal Aatne wr veloc i eouse. te had ow goos through eating phases. Soting tondoncie ae aon coutteed by ease intow eos inthe tow vel ofa sary aft the mode a low eon vecoiy fe staly Fig ang then gracualy slowed, he sary WE pss through furfow modes: + Homogansous Flow: This tem describes a astem ‘treugneut he qui. This isthe most desrabe of ‘tom modes because fe parties donot ontact ‘howallas Fequerty us reducing abrasion + Heterogeneous Fat Te eas tog toon nearer febotiom atthe pie but nc actualy ise on| {he pipe bole This isthe most aoonomiea flow ‘ode andis ical uses to sand ezed solos, + Sain Bow nthe ode. cod pars engto bounce long the boom one pipe Ts tow a pricy aggresive ns abreson ol pipe. Bu ‘te ihe veolienes of Drscopine, tn paricles fendto Bounce and rebound. instool pipe the paricles worcharden ne wal surface and chp fd enact esta + Sicng Bed ow Tis moc of flow is generaty Uueatsfactony Sold lise and allan he pipe bottom Excessive erosion nthe pipe baton ‘seus qui Blockagos can occur requonty ‘The ling bed and sakaton modes can ofen be graded iva emogeneous ara heerogeneaus ‘odes by reasig fou velo. However, he ‘Speatonal coat (igh power eaurements) cous oreese sommes (GatoaYloay: The cial vot of ature that ‘owvelocty Below unich fe etd particle tend fo ‘op outof suspension and sete oe paternal the pipe. The ciel vl le dex by ro parole ‘Supand chape. ezo dbo. concertaten, arte densy ard carer uid donaty tva Ctcal "ars Vota. Some pact solis frm fvscous uid win he iqudcarreeThisisa fomoganacus mado or these type materi (Such astro ly ash), when th low veel makes a ton om tural ow gion tothe Isrinar flow region, the viecous, homegeneous ad naka a tranation fam aamoath miture oe Separatd mitre, When turbulence stops anc isrinarfow doveops, te homegeneous mode of ‘iow ends and the elation sing bod mace begin, Turbulent slow sessental Keeping hese ‘ype eid incuspensin. the fling rues ‘hum sould heli designing 3 pipe sytem fortis typoct sury- + Ashe sur viscosy nereases, the low veocty must bo creased prevent sting, + Aste slide concentration Mreasee the How ‘ely must be ncreasedto prevent sting, + Ashe pai size decreas, to tow veosty (ust be nereased 0 prevent sing. + Slurios wih igh concortratone of na size pariclos canbe rove abrasive han sures wih {Eger sie parce. Th babe reason that he ppatclawal ervactis grater and more Hequert ‘itn a'tne” Suny. ‘TYPICAL APPLICATIONS: SerubterScide ine Sande FneBoierFyich Clare, Powdered Chomcele Pareles loss han PowderesNineas" 200miorons ‘Goa) CitclDapcstonVetboty: Some parte sols wil notiom avsoous, homogeneous tu but rahe & heterogeneous suspension. rizr ow, he ‘Slurry Critical Flow “Bal Sutponion ‘Sub.ritee! elec Vscous Suny "Wanston Seog” FulTutulence “anatono Larne Flom ‘sung n Sopra inertia and weight ofthe particle ae predominant. Even al ful flow ine cenderwatons of sles along the bbiom ofthe pipe ae greator han ate tap. Althe "rca voy ve weigetoTe pace exceeds the Care fid suspension capabiay andthe sol Bgnsto form daposts on te batom athe pip. The ertealvaocty thorlore isa deposton vel ‘The Gopesiton vooctysimost always iatulent and is elated to parte se, parle derstand sos ‘concerfatens. Fr example, High concerns ot lige. heavy gravel fowing water ust be marialned tay righ velo to prevent sexing, “Tre folowing “ues of thumb” enould be halla designing a pipe aystam fr such a try + Asthe panics “al velocty increases the dlepeston velocy must be noreased to main a heterogeneous tow + Gnarly speaking, es parle ie nereases the \deposton veloc rust nerease + Aste consi afthe sold incroases, the ‘eposin velocity rustincreare + sine cercontaton of he soldi the fis now the vloty rust create + Asihe pipe clamor neroased, fe doposiion ‘bol must be ncceased io marta ubuenco tnd prevent setting. + The doposton crcl velocity epreseisthe ower limit safe operators due to nceased abrasen, soles boo bubcup are pugaing ‘TYPICAL APPLICATIONS: ‘Gravel anscon Crushed Limestone Mare Tangs, Wood CRPup Meera Ores alerBetem Ash Dredg Slurry Critical Flow ‘lal Suepension Subcetealeloety ‘Sur Tlings‘Dapoton Seg” Ful overt ‘Show Wc estingt ) DRISCOPIPE Dual Character Suny: is nteestng tonto that ‘mary corvmecial sunes aot a mae character ‘@ihbitng Dehadoof bo “depastion” and Sanston’ salting, The size carbon othe sls ‘may permit ha"tines onthe ud forma, orrogenoous viscous uc vehicle, whe the comrse sole ate hetetogensousy suspended ths vehicle ‘Acoa sys good example of tis dual behavior Forthese ypes of apleation as wel asforlong- PL Outlet presse. psa L'= Pipe engi, fet 1 = inate caret inches caution: lease not that since poytrene is anata Inedalo, ary accumula slate charge due {othe gas ow nat ready cssipated. Special ‘salty precautions may be raquied to prevent ‘scidentl dscharpo ‘Adalocaly 1 928 pipet appicatons exposed to ‘pe sun, te black color of Dascopipe products may rosa temperature ic oh gasoous product tnd mcubsoquontIneease in possi ooO Rae Bae Tho user of 8 pohéttwlone Discopie asters pimarly terested in one tng ong,rOUDI ee Sonics Inordortomaintan estabished canines mo ag rm earth ans coined perormanoe Of Diiscoppe, actual ppe samples are condrucusly {ectedin accordance wih ASTM prooeouten, ‘Standard sempes ol poeare hal at corsant Dressure and tempaature according to epecticaions Byung hon pressures anc temperatures, some ‘armpoe ar fered ofa. Saitalprosilons sre thonirade asio he sonicaii and long te= ‘anginal he pine based unos herumber orcs {alles anche tet cok hem of ‘Tis datas potted in aspect manner and tis (gaphis calec he ores sa" cura, Ths ease fe Sune giesa delete reaonsip between the ‘pec ie" oe poeana Peinimal sass ata ‘gron workg pressure and wompeature FelertotNe Ergeonng Ghaactarstes brochure of tis maria loralyplea ettesele cure, Te Hysostale Dosgn ‘Stess" (HOS) as shorn on ho espe cure she simatnd maamumansie sess nthe wal othe pe inthe crcumisren! craton dus to niema heats pressure hat canbe cavtinvousy applied ‘Wii aigh degree of cena tha pip ale win ‘Sccu he HUB e cleuaea by evidng Melony tomevengin bya sal fectoro!20.Thisactr of "ably ninety aocoptod eandad dexgned to preserve he neegy of re ppaline as walle fo Protect he aubi n adc fo acneving Peas oak, extends the serveo te ote pene wel Beyond 100.000 naure tobe 5 ad 00 year age, For axamoi, Prins Descopipe has tested ard rover Dresonine 860 and Dscopipe 100010 Eonfrm tthe aloweg design crtena DDRISCOPIPE 600 and DAISCOPIPE 1000 Long Tem Hychosiat Strength 1600 pe (@rar@ 10000) Safely Factor 20 iyorotae Desgn Svess 8008 Tre basi Drscopie recommendation fr all HOPE be eytemsis tose the above design ei and fxpect 80 yea tom the system Use of higher * Ges eresa may reduce the fact: eat as wel as natant sondoaife oho pa systom, Ary ‘ble inarnal Prosaure Range or payatione be represented as safe operating worng Presses shouldbe caretuly reviewed. The prudent Engineer wil coubie-check the yrostatie design Sess according fo tba ncustySccepted fora at Setnedn ASTON D.2807, Winer: S Hyostaicdesign toss P = Working pressure D = Average outsice ametor 1 Nerina wall iokness Ryze es Sere s Ge EAL) on pin tre er ror oe bese cst ey Mes alte cu ow ie Selaringa Pesce pe tan ps eos tia ‘Sstual peu say art coniwouay oa Pe ence a gy Eso eee ae tee \ecum peng torsrstune pew Sigal te Seca SES Re tee oar ho oncton at Pn batedupn sta per rela Positive Pressure Pipelines ‘Stony Stat itera Pressure: Pips Osacopips subscribes othe SDA method orang pressure pe. SORis the ebbrevion forte ‘Standard Benenson Rao’. What does is SDR mean? SOR s thereto ofte piso. tothe minimum hickness ot tho wal ofthe pipe. ean be expressed mathematically 2 Wier: t pa 2st o-9 '90A = Standard mension Ratio D’ = Ppecutsde camer inches t= Ppe minimum wa ‘oknessninchos sort _) DRISCOPIPE. Fora given SOR he rato othe 0.0. fo he minimum ‘wal thekness emis oonstan An SDR 1! means {he OD. ofthe pes eleven times to iclrwss ot ‘Mo wal Thsraman tuo egarcessof diametor For ‘examplo, 2 camer pip win a wal ot 1273"is ‘29 SOR I pipe An 1 daetrpipo wth awallof 1697 is loo an SDR 1 pipe, Corman SDR ratios ae $0893, SDR 1, SOA 135, SDF 15, SOR 7, SOR, 19, S821, SDA 25 ang SOR S25. Fo high SOR ‘ales, be pige wal is thnincomparson te poe ‘OD. Fovtow SDR rates, he walls ick In Comparisonto he pips OD Gen wopipes ofthe fame OD, thepipe wih to ticker wal wl be Stenger hanthe ove win te heer wal Thus, high ‘SDhishavelow pressure raings and ow SDR ‘correspond to igh pressure vatings bacauso of the ‘ele wal ices “he pressure ating of thamoplasti pipes ‘mathematical clcustod em the SOR adn ‘Slowable hoop sess The alowabiehoop sts Is ‘omrmoniy known as thelong er yostaic design ‘rece, ig he sos ovel (at has boon laboratory {ested and ld prover hat can exisin the pipe wall, ‘continuously wih a righ degres of conidence hat ‘he pipe wil operate under pressure fratleast 0 ear wth safety. The famul ang SOR and Freestate desgn areas fas been adoates by ISO (Hteretone Standards Orgertzason), ASTM (Gerenean Socely rr Testy ara) enathe Pet (PaatesPpe stu) a th standard ior theindusty. Thetormabs: 2 2s Paon Papa Presut ating (os) Fpe 00 (nenes) eu wal kaa (rhe) Cesign tess Where: P D e 5 SoR=D st From he formuia tcan be shown trata pipes ofthe ‘Same SOR (regarcoss af lameter) wit hve fe sare _ressure ring ore ren cexign siress, Thus, 36 cla, ‘$0832 nach aro ores raing a SDR 225, For the design engineers reference, the Standard SoRe ander corespending Sands pressure relegs or wae at 734° using Fryresaie dos sres of 600 ps are showin Chars ene 3 © catia Pipe Pressure Rating oO Drscoppe 1000 (at 73.07) oR s0R ms en Long TemSienghies) ‘16001600 Te00| Seley Facer 20 20 20 HyiesateDesgnstess 600 at Desi Len. yore) 80 Pressure Rtg oa) st chart 9 SR SOR SOR SOR SOR 7 wees as ee “eco 1600 1600160016000 Te00 20 20 20 20 20 2 20 2 0 em oem 2 0 9 9 09 0% 5 1) 0819) 200 oe Pipe Pressure Rating Drecopie e600 (ot 3.77) son me Long Tor Suerhps 100 Satay Facer 20 Hygrosate Oavgn sees 0 Design ern. years) fy Presb ai st SOR SDR SOR SR OR. za ssa a ee eT) 20 «200202 = ama o 0 9 © 6 soto2) HserHrmeresse suge: Ary nang obec has mas and veociy Hence, sy fowng -quidias i ‘mommantam al net, When fom is udcenly lopped, he mass neria ote towing eream | ‘omered ito a shock wave or high sate haadon thepreaoue sideof he pipaine. Som the mere cornmon causes oyu anions ar (a he pening and cosng (or partl of valves, | (0) earing and sopping of burs, (2) changasin lubine speed, (6) changos n reservar elvan, (@}reseroi wave acon () laud cure separation $nd(q)enrapped at Dscopipe can wthsiand an ocossional surge presse up ta2Stmastha toc pressure capably Eline poe nut a cumualve tion. Tele duo lo ‘holon tem modulus of he mater bang enya | {racton othe snr term modus Adesonaly, te i ‘loxoly and estienes of Orscopine eectvely | reduce te surge pressures which maybe oem Sool conerete,feerglass PVC. (Quick surge pressures are shock waves known a8 “ater hammer. The pressure wave cue to water hammer aces back endfor inthe pipe geting progressively weakor wih cach “rarer” The ‘anu surge pressure resuts when he ime Feauted ta change aioe veloc a gin [mounts equal orloes han 2 US such at here: L = Lengthofpipatine (fet) '5 = Spood of presse wave (eee) = Tine (eccones) Sta aterined from Via REA s Where Speodotthe pressure wave flsec Buk mocks of feta, 2 = 300,000 forwater = Modulus of olastiy of pipe raters po 520,00 or Drsconine Standare Dimension Rat, Drrot pipe w= Unitwelgncot fic, oscutt 2 = Accelertoneueto granty = a2 2teckee he excess pressure duo to wale hares WS. a9 mere: Py = changin proseure, psi VE = change n veloty esc. occuring ‘wih eral be 2S ‘gard ae as above ‘he lolowing exe may beret in understanding these equations EXAMPLE Water flowing in Dscopipe pipeline wih an SOR ofa atavelocty of 1 exe Daermine ne ‘maximum pressive netease when ave ie osed inalime equaltocrless han 2US, Where: SDR = 35 100,000 psi 489 ie00 00 + (0.50015) Ps = 162419.2)(460)(10] + 144 = B18 pt ‘Ta changesin pressure can be minimized by sing vale cosure tre greater ban 2S, Sree he ‘agrude of he surges basialy 2 tunton oho Time equted io change the veloc pariculr siento shouldbe given othe nal orion ct vake Ctooute. Tiss the tno of maximen eect on tet ) DRISCOPIPE. ‘yeloty of ne towing cui. The actual increase in pressure causedby valve closes cfcultto ‘Seleminebut «closure te of 0 nes 2 ora ‘lb valve wit toa closure charac huis reduce the pressure surg he range! 10% 020% ‘ol the surge caused by coaurein aire equalioor tess han 28. Ingeneal good system design wil efminate quick ‘operinglcleng vales on anybing au very ear Tes. The cesigh engineer shoud uso uagrnent wth regardto he addon of surge presses operating ressues when selecting pipe SOR. The flwng ‘lesof tum may be alee: + Becausectthe insert text andresiloncy of Driscoppe, is surge pressures are sgnifcany lessthan tose encourtered in iid pipe under he sama cenditons, + Ocoasonal hock pressures can be accommodated vita the design salty actor Duc othe shot tine ‘uration ofthe surge pressure, ccessiona shock ‘wavo surge proseurs i925 Leste SOR Pressure rangat 73'F are usualy alowabie, Surge presore or walerhanmeisexpeciedin a syst, keep te low veocty on he ow side ofthe ‘oct range. + Tbige pressure or watochammeris expected, rumie thetine equredio shut of avalve ot ‘edhuce tow, A shia oye 60 mes te ime pPotod 2. Sis suggest to mninize surge pressures by gradualy stoning the id foustraam. + Hcenstantand repetive surge pressures are presen the excess pressure sould be sddeato {heromnal operating pressure when selecting the ipe SOR, Optic Overpressure: A show te oye ‘Srerpresaure mantel inmany ways. tuations Subhas astuck rele vale, a puaged discharge line Grropetive reczafiaw cyseecan causean ‘erode in prescuo greater han the normal ‘operaing pressure. Insteat, concrete, PYCo oergass pipe the eect ‘can be devastating, With Drscopipe the wal i able toatretc (aan) win he reseng water andre poe \Waeum ts orghalcorcton after te rozen watorhas tawed. Aough some resioua stan ot less than 1% may be evident, the pysical propa ‘tthe pipe rn arent acversayatectod and the petfomance ofthe pipe atomal operating ondionsis nc alectes: Duo to tein elastic ‘haracersies of Onscopipe, ts capable cf waetandng these ypes fyi iescngs winout ‘damage te the pipes performance, Me ctects of ‘tended, enced overressrizatin canbe toleraed by Driscoppe win specie mts. Drecopipe nas an herent any 0 Tecover" rom the sain of overpressure. the recouery pec ‘oral evel of stress is equal loo greater tin the {uratona the verpressuizaton, Discopine can be ‘Subjected tore svossas ol overproscurzaton for ‘shor petods wthout afectng isang term tena, ‘endutance ane perormance. “Thebasi aon an short-term overpressure cycles itosay hn no last ws of he po ‘atari. ee System pressure exceeds 2 5tmes the ‘ated pressure of he pe for ar length one, ‘ermanert sain or deformation df he pipe cece. Aa eres ho expected seria liga ine pe can ‘be draratcaly reduced, Whon overpressure oycing ‘Sexpected asa reguler conctton of operation. the ghest pressure anticipated fora preponderance of ‘peraing imo should be coneideredas ine opering ‘resaure andi ehoulé Ge eatod 2 though Kou aris coninovsi rine design ito the system Stes tom intemal Pressure: When a ‘uly eetaned pane such asabured orwel “anchored pets pressurized, ongkucinal fess Gevlop te pipe wal Tho longtucnat fess calcuaied a ols. S.=pPO-H/2 Wher: 5 = Pppewal ticks, ches “Thus, mos pressuizod pipa systems operate uncer dual slate of tess noop sess anc lonptudinal ress. The longtudial sess factors aeady Includes tn pa pressure rating or 0 oars stnomaltempareize A Non-Pressure Pipelines Gravity ow oysions are representative of on- pressure pipaines.Ingome nsancos here may be Several et of water headin he posi outusualy the pessute can be cansieresto below rltve tS ‘Re capably of ne pipe. hese nsiancas, ow ‘eapacy may be he predominant design psaetor ‘ater than he e's pressure ang. Vacuum or Suction Pipelines Diiscopipe may be subjected to tema pressure or ‘intemal vacuum. Vacuum sysims usualy can be ‘alagorzes io one al vee general sivaans ‘Sppleable to most netalaions: ‘vacuum pipelines aboveorouns + Vacuum ppetnes underwater (submerged). + vacnum pipelines Underground (our) ‘Tatts ypels cscussod now an he ast wo ae _dacussod i Stop Five: INSTALLATION DESIGN, o e