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Riverfront Development

The document discusses the riverfront development of the Sabarmati River in Ahmedabad, India. It describes the objectives and challenges of the project, as well as the structural works undertaken, including reducing the river width, constructing retaining walls, and building interceptor sewers to stop sewage pollution. The project helped reclaim land and create public spaces along the riverfront.

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Radhika Munshi

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74% found this document useful (19 votes)

4K views81 pages

Riverfront Development

Uploaded by

Radhika Munshi

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction: Introduces the concept of waterfronts, emphasizing their unique role as interfaces between land and water.
History: Explores the historical development of riverfront cities and the evolution of their roles in urban development.
Waterfront as a Public Space: Describes how waterfronts function as public spaces, promoting social and cultural activities.
Case Study: Sabarmati Riverfront: Presents a detailed case study of the Sabarmati Riverfront development in Ahmedabad, India.
Challenges: Details the challenges faced in developing urban waterfronts, including pollution and accessibility issues.
Undertaking the Objectives: Discusses strategies to achieve environmental improvements at the riverfront.
Features of the Project: Highlights the main features of the Sabarmati Riverfront Development project.
Spaces Created and Proposed: Outlines the spaces developed, including promenades and recreational areas along the riverfront.
Success Stories: Showcases the success stories of the riverfront project, emphasizing social and economic impacts.
Inferences: Provides insights and conclusions drawn from the development project, including best practices and future applications.
Bibliography: Lists references and sources used within the dissertation on riverfront development.

riverfront

development

Dissertation
Radhika Munshi|
B.Arch IV

Index

Introduction
History
Guidelines of riverfront developmment
Waterfront as a public space
Case Study : Sabarmati Riverfront

Challenges
Objectives
Stuctural works
Spaces created
Success stories

Inferences
Bibliography

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Introduction
A waterfront is the zone of interaction between urban developments
and the water and a waterfront area is considered as a unique and
irreplaceable resource where it is the interface between land, water,
air, sun and productive plants.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Waterfronts

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

A more detailed definition described the waterfront as the

interface point where land and water meet, between

approximately 200 to 300 meters from the water line
and 1 to 2 km to the land site and also takes in land
within 20 minutes walking distance.
The waterfront area should have multiple features which incorporate
each other and surrounded by structural and non structural objects to
form a focal point.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

History
The earliest cities developed along river banks and sea ports such as
Kolkata, Mumbai, London, Paris.
In the later stage of development, waterfront areas began as
commercial centers, transportation hubs and manufacturing centers,
as a central focus for them.
However, due to complex and
multiple problems such as technology
change, the historic preservation
movement, increased environmental
awareness and urban renewal, a
dramatic change in waterfront areas
was brought about and they became
large spaces of unused property in
the past thirty years or so.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

The first waterfront development projects were started in North American

cities, in particular Baltimore and Boston, in the 1960s.
.

Baltimore 1960

Baltimore 2013

Whereas the early examples of waterfront development primarily

focused on leisure and retail; contemporary schemes have a broader
scope.
Many are set up with the aim to create attractive mixed urban
environments that appeal to the imagination of people and persuade
them to work there, to live there, or to visit these.
Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Natural
Waterfro
nt

Public
Waterfro
nt

Functions of Waterfront
Working
Waterfro
nt

Redevelopin
g
Waterfront

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Trends of Waterfront Development

1960s - Massive waterfront development began and consequently

initiated the world-wide era of waterfront revitalization.
1970s - Urban waterfront redevelopment bloomed,
1980s - Accelerated and continued in the future.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Element of Successful Waterfront

Development

Source: Torre, 1989; Journal of Techno Social-ISSN 2229 8940-Vol 4 No 1 April 2012 (Pg 24) Fig 2:
Elements of Successful Waterfront Development

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Characteristics of Waterfront Area

Source: An Evolution of Waterfront Development in Malaysia By Azlina Binti Md. Yassin Submitted on
16Th Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Wellington 24-27 January 2010.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Waterfront as a Public Space

Characteristics of Public Spaces
1. Promotes human contact and social
activities.
2. Has design and architectural features
that are visually interesting.
3. Promotes community involvement.
4. Reflects the local culture or history.
5. Relates well to bordering uses.
6. Is well maintained.
7. Has a unique or special character.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

To develop Riverfront as Public Space

Establish a waters edge that is continuous, publicly accessible and

magnificent
Create a network of public spaces that attract and invite both
localities and tourists to waterfront
Provide a wide-range of public spaces that foster culture and creativity
in our city
Ensure all public spaces adhere to a high environmental standard
Strengthen connections along the waterfront on both sides of the river
Develop strong link between existing communities and emerging
waterfront communities and spaces
Improve the aquatic habitat and water quality along the waterfront
and integrate them with river and stream improvements
Maintain a consistency in waterfront design elements in all public
spaces (i.e. Park benches and lamp posts)
Coordinate the water usage and supporting land base to maximize the
economic, recreational and environmental asset of Water bodies.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Sabarmati Riverfront
Development
Ahmedabad

Case Study

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Ahmedabad and Sabarmati River

The city was founded in 1411
along the river banks.
The river originates from the
foothills of Aravalli ranges near
Udaipur, Rajasthan, and flows
downstream
passing
through
Ahmedabad till Gulf of Cambay.
The 109-km river runs across a
stretch of about 11 km through
Ahmedabad. It is this stretch that
is developed as an ambitious
urban renewal project

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Sabarmati and Growth of Ahmedabad

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Need for Riverfront Development

The intensive uses took their toll on
the river.
Untreated sewage flowed into the
river through storm water outfalls
and dumping of industrial waste
posed a major health and
environmental hazard.
The river bank settlements were
disastrously prone to floods and
lacked
basic
infrastructure
facilities. Lacklustre development
took shape along the riverfront.
Such conditions made the river
inaccessible and it became a virtual
divide between the two parts of the
city.

Original condition of the river near Vadaj

Dry riverbed with slums along the riverbanks and

lacklustre development along the riverfront

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Project Objectives
The project aims to reclaim the private river edge as a Public asset
and restore the citys relationship with its river. The Riverfront project
presents a great opportunity to create a public edge to the river on
the eastern and western sides of Ahmedabad.
The project is being developed by the Sabarmati Riverfront
Development Corporation Ltd. (SRFDCL), a company wholly owned by
the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation.
The project was conceived in 1997, but it gained momentum only
after 2001.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Challenges

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

12000 hutments on both

banks
of
the
river
occupying nearly 20% of
critical project area.

Unorganized
Gujari
Bazaar of more than 1200
vendors on the eastern
bank and Court Litigation.

Nearly 200 Dhobis using

both the banks of the
river
for
washing
activities.

Thoroughly polluted and

contaminated Sabarmati
through 38 storm water
outlets.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Undertaking the Objectives

Environmental Improvement
Strategies for overall environmental improvement have been
formulated to achieve the following objectives:

Reduction in Erosion and Flood

Sewage Diversion

Water Retention and Recharge

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Reduction in erosion and flood

An optimal width of 263 meters for the water way has been selected
and implemented. Both banks of the river have diaphragm walls built
into the riverbed at a depth of more than 10m, and retaining walls
which protect low-lying areas from periodic flooding and prevent
erosion of the river banks.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Sewage Diversion
To stop the pollution of the
river from the storm water
outfalls
and
industrial
effluents,
an
integrated
storm water and sewage
system
with
interceptor
sewers
has
been
implemented.
These interceptor lines have
been installed along both
banks of the river capturing
38 sewage discharge points
and routing the sewage with
new pumping stations in the
reclaimed banks. These lines
carry untreated sewage to
the
recently
augmented
sewage treatment plants
south of Vasna Barrage.

Map showing the interceptor line installed in the reclaimed

land to divert the sewage to the treatment plants
downstream

Map showing the interceptor lines that divert the sewage to

the treatment plants at Vasna and Pirana downstream.

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Water retention
The Vasna Barrage, located just downstream of Ahmedabad, makes
it possible to retain water for 15 kilometers upstream, the entire
length of the river within the city

Vasna Barrage downstream of Ahmedabad enables water to be retained the river

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

A more sustainable alternative is undergoing planning to use treated

water from the sewage treatment plants to replenish the river.
Hence, the traditionally monsoon-fed Sabarmati shall be able to hold
and replenish water year-round. Water retention in the river enables
recreational activities as well as groundwater recharge.

Conceptual map highlighting the use of treated water from sewage treatment plants to replenish the
river

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT
Radhika Munshi| B.Arch

Features of the Project

The reduction of the riverbed from a variable

width of 600-300 m to a fix width of 263 m,
thus reclaiming 185 ha of land.

The construction of RCC diaphragm walls (1020 m depth) and anchor slabs (10 m) to
prevent the riverbanks from erosion. After the
finishing the anchor slab is turned in the socalled lower promenade.

The construction of interceptor sewers on both

the riverbanks able to prevent the waste water
to flow directly into the river and diverting it to
the two sewage treatment plants of Vasna and
Pirana.

The construction of RCC retaining walls (2.5 - 9

m) to protect the city from flooding. The height
of the walls is determined by the 100-year flood
level. An upper promenade is created on top of
the retaining walls

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT

Structural Works

Diaphragm Wall, Anchor Slab, Ghats and Ramps

Retaining Wall, Staircases and Ramps
Interceptor Sewage Line, Extension of Outfalls & Manholes
General Earth Fill
Pumping Station

Dissertation
RIVERFRONT
DEVELOPMENT

Diaphragm Wall