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Understanding Abruptio Placentae

Abruptio placentae is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, which can cause vaginal bleeding and restrict the fetus' oxygen supply. It is often caused by hypertension, trauma, or cocaine use. Diagnosis involves detecting vaginal bleeding, a tender uterus, and fetal distress, as well as coagulation abnormalities. Ultrasound may reveal retroplacental clots, and placental examination shows the extent of separation after delivery. Treatment focuses on stabilizing the mother through transfusion and correcting coagulation, then delivering the baby unless ongoing monitoring is needed for an immature fetus without severe abruption.

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112 views9 pages

Understanding Abruptio Placentae

Abruptio placentae is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, which can cause vaginal bleeding and restrict the fetus' oxygen supply. It is often caused by hypertension, trauma, or cocaine use. Diagnosis involves detecting vaginal bleeding, a tender uterus, and fetal distress, as well as coagulation abnormalities. Ultrasound may reveal retroplacental clots, and placental examination shows the extent of separation after delivery. Treatment focuses on stabilizing the mother through transfusion and correcting coagulation, then delivering the baby unless ongoing monitoring is needed for an immature fetus without severe abruption.

Uploaded by

thanjos
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ABRUPTIO PLACENTAE

Definition
Abruptio Placentae( placental
abruption):

premature separation of the


normally implanted placenta from the
uterine wall.
Etiology
Mechanism: hemorrhage into the decidua
basalis, leading to premature placental
separation and further bleeding.

Associated factors:
•Maternal hypertension
•Sudden decompression of the uterus
•Maternal cocaine use
•trauma
Classification
Complete separation: no vaginal
bleeding
Partial separation :vaginal bleeding
will be apparent

Marginal separation : vaginal


bleeding will be apparent
diagnosis
Classic clinical presentation:
•vaginal bleeding

•Tender uterus

•Uterine contractions

•Fetal distress
Coagulation abnormalities
•Hypofibrinogenemia
•Increaseing levels of fibrin degradation
products
•decreasing platelet count
•Increasing prothrombin time and partial
thromboplastin time
•Decreasing other serum clotting factors
Ultrasonography:
relatively large retroplacental clots may
be detected

Placental examination
The extent of placental abruption of the
maternal surface of the placenta on which
a clot is detect at the time of delivery.
Management
Maintain hemodynamic stabilization
( Transfusion therapy)
•Crystalloid transfusion
•Whole blood therapy
•Component therapy

Correct coagulation status


Delivery
•When the fetus is mature,vaginal delivery
is preferable unless there is evidence of
fetal distress or hemodynamic instability.

•When the fetus is not mature and


placental abruption is limited,observation
with close monitoring of both fetal and
maternal status.

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