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Chemistry Ion Reference Guide

The document lists common cations and anions, including: - Metal cations such as Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and their names. - Nonmetal anions such as F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, O2-, S2-, and their names. - Some transition metal cations and their multiple possible oxidation states, such as Cu+, Cu2+, Fe2+, and Fe3+. - Some polyatomic ions such as NH4+, OH-, CO32-, NO2-, NO3-, and PO43-. The document also lists rules for determining oxidation states of elements in compounds, such as: - Free elements have an oxidation state of 0

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Puji Retnowati
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219 views2 pages

Chemistry Ion Reference Guide

The document lists common cations and anions, including: - Metal cations such as Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and their names. - Nonmetal anions such as F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, O2-, S2-, and their names. - Some transition metal cations and their multiple possible oxidation states, such as Cu+, Cu2+, Fe2+, and Fe3+. - Some polyatomic ions such as NH4+, OH-, CO32-, NO2-, NO3-, and PO43-. The document also lists rules for determining oxidation states of elements in compounds, such as: - Free elements have an oxidation state of 0

Uploaded by

Puji Retnowati
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Cations of metals Anions of nonmetals (monoatomic)

Metal Cation Name of cation Nonmetal Anion Name of anion


Lithium Li+ Lithium Hydrogen H- Hydride
+ 3-
Sodium Na Sodium Nitrogen N Nitride
Potassium K+ Potassium Oxygen O2- Oxide
Magnesium Mg2+ Magnesium Phosphorus P3- Phosphide
Calcium Ca2+ Calcium Sulfur S2- Sulfide
Barium Ba2+ Barium Selenium Se2- Selenide
Aluminum Al3+ Aluminum Fluorine F- Fluoride
Tin Sn2+ Tin Chlorine Cl- Chloride
Pb2+ Lead (II)
Lead* Bromine Br- Bromide
Pb4+ Lead (IV)
Cu+ Copper (I)
Copper* Iodine I- Iodide
Cu2+ Copper (II)
Silver Ag+ Silver Silicon** Si4- Silicide
Au+ Gold (I)
Gold* Arsenic** As3- Arsenide
Au3+ Gold (III)
Zinc Zn2+ Zinc Tellurium*** Te2- Telluride
Chromium Cr2+ Chromium
Nickel Ni2+ Nickel
Pt2+ Platinum (II)
Platinum*
Pt4+ Platinum (IV)
Fe2+ Iron (II)
Iron*
Fe3+ Iron (III)

Name of Name of Name of


Polyatomic ion Polyatomic ion Polyatomic ion
polyatomic ion polyatomic ion polyatomic ion
NH4+ Ammonium BrO
- Hypobromite SO32- Sulfite
OH
- Hydroxide BrO3
- Bromate SO42- Sulfate
CO32- Carbonate BrO4
- Perbromate S2O32- Thiosulfate
- - 3-
CH3COO Acetate IO Hypoiodite SbO3 Antimonite
- - 3-
CN Cyanide IO3 Iodate SbO4 Antimonate
- Cyanate
OCN
-
Thiocyanate
SCN
C2O42- Oxalate IO4
- Periodate SiO32- Silicate
NO2
- Nitrite MnO42- Manganate PO33- Phosphite
- - 2-
NO3 Nitrate MnO4 Permanganate PO4 Phosphate
ClO
- Hypochlorite AsO33- Arsenite
- Chlorite - Arsenate
ClO2 AsO4
ClO3
- Chlorate CrO42- Chromate
ClO4
- Perchlorate Cr2O72- Dichromate

Aturan Penetapan Bilangan Oksidasi Dalam Senyawa (Atom Bebas).


1. Bilangan oksidasi atom bebas = 0 dan molekul diatomic / atom sejenis = 0.
2. Bilangan oksidasi golongan IA = +1; IIA = +2; IIIA = +3; Sc = +3; Zn = +2; Ag = +1.
3. Hidrogen = +1 kecuali dengan logam = +1.
4. Oksigen pada umumnya -2, dalam senyawa peroksida = -1, dalam senyawa
−1
superoksida = , dan bersenyawa dengan halogin (VIIA) = +2.
2
5. Jumlah bilangan oksidasi dalam senyawa = 0 dan dalam senyawa ion = muatannya.

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