(WLTXHWWHV IRU WHDFKHUV

%\ +DGUDW 0RXODQD 4DDUL 6LGGHHT $KPDG %DDQGKZL 6DKHE 5$

7KH $XWKRU
+DGKUDW 0RXODQD 6D\HG 6LGGHHT $KPDG %DDQGZL 6DKHE 5$ ZDV ERUQ LQ  $+ LQ WKH YLOODJH RI %DDQGD +H FRPSOHWHG WKH +LI] RI WKH 4XUDDQ E\ KLV XQFOH 6D\HG $PHHQXG 'HHQ 6DKHE 5$ 7KHUHDIWHU KH HQUROOHG DW WKH 0DGUDVDK LQ .DDQSRRU ZKHUH KH VWXGLHG WKH SULPDU\ ERRNV RI WKH $DOLP )DDGKLO FRXUVH +H DOVR FRPSOHWHG KLV VWXGLHV LQ 4LUDDW DW WKLV LQVWLWXWLRQ ,Q  KH HQUROOHG DW 0D]DDKLUXO 6KDHNKXO 8ORRP ZKHUH KH VWXGLHG XQGHU JUHDW

OXPLQDULHV

OLNH

+DGKUDW

+DGLWK

5$

+DGKUDW

0RXODQD

$VDGXOODK

5$ DQG +DGKUDW 0XIWL 0DKPRRG +DVDQ *DQJRKL 5$ +H WRRN %D\W DW WKH KDQGV RI +DGKUDW 0RXODQD $VDGXOODK 6DKHE 5$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

-DPLDWXO 8ODPD .=1 7DOLPL %RDUG 7HO    )D[   

32 %R[  ,VLSLQJR %HDFK  WDOLPLERDUG#ZHEPDLOFR]D

(WLTXHWWHV IRU WHDFKHUV

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD 6LGGHHT $KPDG %DDQGZL 6DKHE 5$

  



7LWOH

(WLTXHWWHV IRU WHDFKHUV

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD 6LGGHHT $KPDG %DDQGZL 6DKHE 5$

%\

(GLWHG E\

0RXODQD 6DEHU (EUDKLP

3XEOLVKHG E\

-DPLDWXO 8ODPD .=1 7DOLPL %RDUG  7KLUG $YHQXH 32%R[  ,VLSLQJR %HDFK  6RXWK $IULFD

7HO )D[ (PDLO

      WDOLPLERDUG#ZHEPDLOFR]D

)LUVW HGLWLRQ 6HFRQG HGLWLRQ

=XO +LMMDK 0XKDUUDP

  -DQXDU\   )HEUXDU\

 

&RQWHQWV
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

,QWURGXFWLRQ

3
,QWURGXFWLRQ
E\ +DGKUDW 0RXODQD $EGXO 4D\\XP 0D]DDKLUL
,QVSLWH RI DOO WKH ZHOOLQWHQWLRQHG HIIRUWV DW WKH PDQ\ 0DGDDULV WKH VXSHULRU UHVXOWV ZKLFK DUH H[SHFWHG RI LQVWLWXWLRQV RI 'HHQL WDOHHP DUH QRW

IRUWKFRPLQJ )XUWKHUPRUH ZH KHDU RI VXFK RFFXUUHQFHV WDNLQJ SODFH DW WKH 'HHQL 0DGDDULV ZKLFK DUH UHJUHWWDEO\ YHU\ IDU IURP WKH KLJK VWDQGDUGV VHW E\ RXU SLRXV SUHGHFHVVRUV 5HJXODUO\ ZH KHDU RI WKH DFFXUVHG VWULNHV ZKLFK WDNH SODFH DW WKH 'HHQL 0DGDDULV

7KH

YHU\

IDEULF

RI

,VODP

HYHU\

IDFHW

RI

LWV

EHOLHI

DQG

SUDFWLFH

WKH

SURSDJDWLRQ DQG GLVVHPLQDWLRQ RI LWV EHDXWLIXO WHDFKLQJV GHSHQGV RQ WKH DFTXLVLWLRQ RI ,OP H 'HHQ .QRZOHGJH RI 'HHQ )RUWXQDWHO\ $OODK , KDV

QRW OHIW XV JURSLQJ LQ WKH GDUN :H KDYH D ULFK OHJDF\ OHIW IRU XV E\ RXU SLRXV SUHGHFHVVRUV D OHJDF\ EDVHG RQ VLQFHULW\ VHOIVDFULILFH GHGLFDWLRQ DQG UHPDLQLQJ WUXH WR WKH ZD\V RI WKH XODPDHVDODI ZKLFK FDQ EH WUDFHG WR WKH JORULRXV HUD RI WKH ILUVW WKUHH JHQHUDWLRQV DIWHU 5DVXOXOODK U

7UDJLFDOO\ RXU VWXGHQWV FKRRVH WR DSH WKH ZD\V RI WKH XQLYHUVLWLHV DQG FROOHJHV 7KDW VSHFLDO FRQQHFWLRQ ZLWK $OODK , WKDW LV VXSSRVHG WR EH SUHVHQW LQ WKH OLYHV RI WKH VWXGHQWV DQG 8VWDDGKV LV QRQH[LVWHQW ,Q WKH YLHZ RI WKH VWXGHQWV WKH 8VWDDGKV DUH RUGLQDU\ HPSOR\HHV DQG QRW ZRUWK\ RI WKH SURIRXQG UHVSHFW WKDW LV DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK WKH GLVVHPLQDWRUV RI WKH 4XUDDQ DQG +DGLWK 1REOH ,VODPLF RI FKDUDFWHU LOP LV ZLOOLQJQHVV WR ZRUN DQG WKH

XQZDYHULQJ SXUVXDQFH WUDJLFDOO\ ODPHQWDEOH

WUXH

EHLQJ LJQRUHG DQG WKH UHVXOWV DUH

,W LV IRU WKHVH UHDVRQV WKDW WKH PRPHQW WKH VWXGHQWV KDYH WR IDFH WKH ZRUOG DWODUJH RQ FRPSOHWLRQ RI VWXGLHV WKH\ ILQG WKHPVHOYHV RXW RI GHSWK DQG WKHUHIRUH FDQQRW VHUYH WKH QREOH 'HHQ RU WKH 0XVOLP FRPPXQLW\ ZLWK DQ\ GHJUHH RI HIILFLHQF\ RU GHGLFDWLRQ

7KRVH

ZKR

UHJDUG

WKH

DWWDLQPHQW

RI

'HHQL

WDOHHP

DV

MXVW

DQRWKHU

RFFXSDWLRQ GR QRW UHJDUG WKLV ORVV ZLWK PXFK FRQFHUQ %XW IRU WKRVH ZKR UHJDUG 'HHQL WDOHHP DV DQ LQDOLHQDEOH GXW\ WR $OODK , WKLV LV D WUDJHG\ RI

,QWURGXFWLRQ
LPPHQVH SURSRUWLRQV LQ IDFW D WUDJHG\ ZKLFK KHUDOGV WKH ILQDO KRXU :KHQ WKH NQRZOHGJH RI WKH 4XUDDQ LV UHPRYHG IURP WKH ZRUOG WKHQ WKLV VXUHO\ LV WKH VLJQ 4L\DDPDK

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

$KPDG

*DQJRKL DQG DOO

+DGKUDW QREOH

0RXODQD

$VKUDI

KXPXOODK

WKHLU

IROORZHUV 7KH

EHQHILWV

HIIRUWV FDQ EH VHHQ VFDWWHUHG DFURVV WKH OHQJWK DQG EUHDGWK RI WKH HQWLUH ZRUOG 0D\ $OODK 7KHVH , HOHYDWH WKHLU KDYH VWDWXV EURXJKW LQ DFFRUGDQFH WKH ZLWK +LV RI

PXQLILFHQFH

OXPLQDULHV

EDFN

PHPRULHV

%XNKDDUD 6DPDUTDQG DQG %DJKGDDG RI E\JRQH HUDV

+DGKUDW

0RXODQD

4DDUL

6LGGHHT

$KPDG

6DKLE

%DDQGZL

5$

KDV

GLVFXVVHG LQ WKLV ERRN WHQ VLPSOH HDV\ HWLTXHWWHV ZKLFK LI IROORZHG ZLOO FHUWDLQO\ KHOS DWWDLQ D KLJK GHJUHH RI DFFHSWDQFH E\ $OODK , +DGKUDW 4DDUL 6DKLE KDG D FORVH UHODWLRQVKLS ZLWK WKH $KOXOODK DQG WKH 8ODPD RI WKH LPPHGLDWH SDVW +LV LOP WDTZD DQG VLQFHULW\ ZHUH ZHOO NQRZQ DQG KLV OLIH ZDV PDGH ZDTI WR OHDUQLQJ DQG WHDFKLQJ 'HHQ

$IWHU UHDGLQJ WKLV ERRN , KDYH VHHQ WKDW DOO WKH DDGDDE KDYH EHHQ H[WUDFWHG IURP WKH 4XUDDQ DQG +DGLWK ZKLFK WKH 6DKDDED 7DELHHQ DQG WKH 8ODPD RI WKH XPPDK KDG SUDFWLFHG XSRQ , KRSH WKDW DOO WKH DVDDWL]D REWDLQ D FRS\ RI WKLV ERRN DQG EHQHILW IURP LW

:H PDNH GXD WR $OODK , WR VKRZHU +LV HYHUODVWLQJ IDYRXUV XSRQ +DGKUDW 0RXODQD 5$ DQG DOORZ KLV EDUDNDK WR FRQWLQXH WLOO WKH GD\ RI 4L\DDPDK $DPHHQ

$EGXO 4D\\XP 0D]DDKLUL

)LUVW HWLTXHWWH

)LUVW HWLTXHWWH

&RPSDVVLRQ IRU VWXGHQWV

$ WHDFKHU PXVW KDYH FRPSDVVLRQ IRU KLV VWXGHQWV LQ WKH VDPH ZD\ D IDWKHU ZRXOG KDYH IRU KLV RZQ FKLOGUHQ 5DVXOXOODK U VDLG

UHODWH WKDW ZKHQ

, DP WR \RX OLNH D IDWKHU LV WR KLV FKLOG $EX +DURRQ $EGL DQG 6KDKU LEQ +DXVKDE

ZH YLVLWHG $EX 6DHHG .KXGUL W DV VWXGHQWV KH ZRXOG VD\ WR XV :HOFRPH 7KH EHTXHVW RI 5DVXOXOODK U /LVWHQ 1DEL U KDV VDLG

6RRQ WKH ZRUOG ZLOO EHFRPH VXEVHUYLHQW WR \RX DQG \RXQJ SHRSOH ZLOO FRPH WR \RX ZKR ZLOO EH WKLUVW\ IRU NQRZOHGJH 7KH\ ZLOO GHVLUH WR DWWDLQ D GHHS XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI 'HHQ 7DIDTTXK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

XWHQVLO

ILUVW

:LWK

H[FHVVLYH D

DQG EH

KDUVKQHVV

WKH

KHDUW

EHFRPHV

OLNH

VLHYH

LPSRVVLEOH WR ILOO LW ZLWK JRRGQHVV ,QVWLOOLQJ IHDU LQWR WKH FKLOG PLJKW EH HIIHFWLYH WHPSRUDULO\ EXW KDV SURYHQ WR EH ODUJHO\ XQVXFFHVVIXO LQ WKLV GD\ DQG DJH 5DWKHU LW GHYHORSV LQWR D PDMRU ILWQDK HYHQWXDOO\ EHFRPLQJ D QHYHUHQGLQJ QLJKWPDUH IRU WKH RIILFLDOV RI WKH 0DGUDVDK DQG DQ LUUHWULHYDEOH ORVV IRU WKH 0DGUDVDK LWVHOI 

)LUVW HWLTXHWWH 7KDW 8VWDDGK ZKR LV LQFDSDEOH RI UHFWLI\LQJ KLV  KHU HYLO KDELWV E\ GLVSOD\LQJ JRRG FKDUDFWHU GR LV QRW ZRUWK\ RI EHLQJ DQ 8VWDDGK

*HQHUDOO\ WHDFKHUV

QRW SD\ DWWHQWLRQ WR

UHFWLI\LQJ WKH ZURQJV

ZLWKLQ WKHPVHOYHV WKLQNLQJ WKHPVHOYHV WR EH SHUIHFW 7KXV ZH FDQ ZHOO LPDJLQH ZKDW ILWQDK FDQ VWHP IURP RQH ZKR LV GHILFLHQW \HW WKLQNV KLPVHOI WR EH SHUIHFW 7R ILOO WKH KHDUW RI D FKLOG ZLWK IHDU KDV D VLPLODU HIIHFW DV WKDW RI DQ LF\ ZLQG RQ D GHOLFDWH EXG RU D KRW ZLQG RQ JHQWOH IORZHUV

,PDP

*KD]DDOL

VDLG WKDW D WHDFKHU KDV WR EH H[WUHPHO\ XVHG WR VD\ $V ORQJ

WROHUDQW +DGKUDW $EGXO 4DGLU -LODDQL

DV DQJHU RYHUFRPHV \RX GR QRW FRXQW \RXUVHOI DPRQJ WKH SHRSOH RI NQRZOHGJH $ SLRXV SHUVRQ RQFH PHQWLRQHG WKDW D WHDFKHU KDV WR EH DQ

HPERGLPHQW RI ORYH DQG NLQGQHVV 1RERG\ LV SUHSDUHG WR OLVWHQ WR KDUVK ZRUGV MXVW DV D VLFN SHUVRQ LV QRW SUHSDUHG WR WDNH ELWWHU

PHGLFLQH $OODK , PHQWLRQV LQ WKH 4XUDDQ

7UDQVODWLRQ +DG \RX EHHQ KDUVK DQG KDUG KHDUWHG WKH\ ZRXOG KDYH GLVSHUVHG IURP DURXQG \RX ,W LV UHFRUGHG LQ 7DOHHPXO 0XWDDOOLP WKDW WKH VRQ RI D NLQG 8VWDDGK ZLOO RQH GD\ DOVR EHFRPH DQ $DOLP 7KH UHDVRQ IRU WKLV LV WKDW WKH 8VWDDGK HQFRXUDJHV WKH VWXGHQWV WR EHFRPH 8ODPD 7KURXJK WKH

EDUDNDK RI WKLV HQFRXUDJHPHQW DQG GXH WR KLV NLQGQHVV KLV VRQ WRR ZLOO EHFRPH DQ $DOLP

%XUKDDQXO

$LPDK

XVHG

WR

WHDFK

KLV

WZR

VRQV

HYHU\

DIWHUQRRQ DIWHU KDYLQJ WDXJKW WKH UHVW RI KLV VWXGHQWV LQ WKH PRUQLQJ +LV VRQV RQFH PHQWLRQHG WR KLP  WKDW WKH\ ZHUH QRW WRR NHHQ RQ

)LUVW HWLTXHWWH OHDUQLQJ DW WKDW SDUWLFXODU WLPH 7KH IDWKHU UHSOLHG ,W LV QHFHVVDU\ WR WHDFK WKRVH VWXGHQWV ZKR KDYH FRPH IURP GLVWDQW SODFHV ILUVW +LV VRQV GLG QRW SXUVXH WKLV PDWWHU DQ\ IXUWKHU 7KURXJK WKH EDUDNDK RI WKHLU WROHUDQFH WKH\ ERWK EHFDPH JUHDW $DOLPV RI WKHLU WLPH DQG

JDLQHG PXFK VXSHULRULW\ RYHU WKHLU SHHUV 7RGD\ EHFDXVH RI WKH PDODG\ RI IDYRXULQJ RQHV RZQ FKLOGUHQ WKH FKLOGUHQ RI PDQ\ 8VWDDGKV UHPDLQ WRWDOO\ LJQRUDQW RU WKH\ RSW IRU D FRPSOHWHO\ GLIIHUHQW RFFXSDWLRQ 7KLV VDGO\ UHVXOWV LQ WKH NQRZOHGJH RI 'HHQ EHLQJ WRWDOO\ ORVW LQ WKDW SDUWLFXODU KRXVHKROG 2QH VKRXOG QHYHU JLYH SUHIHUHQFH WR RQHV RZQ FKLOGUHQ RYHU RWKHU VWXGHQWV

,W LV WKH RSLQLRQ RI ,PDDP $EX <XVXI VKRXOG WUHDW KLV VWXGHQWV ZLWK VXFK ORYH DQG

WKDW DQ 8VWDDGK NLQGQHVV WKDW DQ

RQORRNHU ZRXOG EH PLVWDNHQ LQ WKLQNLQJ WKDW WKHVH DUH WKH 8VWDDGKV RZQ FKLOGUHQ +H KDV DOVR PHQWLRQHG WKDW LQ JDWKHULQJV RI 8ODPD RQH VKRXOG QHYHU JHW DQJU\

,W KDV EHHQ UHFRUGHG LQ WKH ELRJUDSK\ RI ,PDDPH5DEEDQL WKDW D VWXGHQW ZDV RQFH VLWWLQJ RQ WKH EDUH IORRU UHFLWLQJ WKH 4XUDDQ H0DMHHG 7KH ,PDDP UHIOHFWHG IRU D PRPHQW DQG IHOW WKDW WKH FDUSHW RQ ZKLFK KH ZDV VLWWLQJ WKH ZDV LQ H[FHVV DQG RI KLV UHTXLUHPHQWV LW EHQHDWK WKH

,PPHGLDWHO\ VWXGHQW

KH

WRRN

H[WUD

FDUSHW

SODFHG

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD 0DPORRN $OL

ZDV VXFK WKDW ZKHQHYHU D

VWXGHQW IHOO LOO KH ZRXOG LPPHGLDWHO\ JR WR KLV URRP DQG YLVLW KLP +H ZRXOG WKHUHDIWHU FKHHU KLP XS DV PXFK DV SRVVLEOH ,Q WKRVH GD\V WKHUH ZHUH QR ERDUGLQJ IDFLOLWLHV DQG VWXGHQWV XVHG WR VWD\ LQ ORFDO 0DVDDMLG RU ERDUG DW SHRSOHV KRPHV

, KHDUG P\ 8VWDDGK 0RXODQD $PHHQXG 'HHQ 6DKLE WKDW LQ WKH HUD RI +DGKUDW 0RXODQD =XKRRUXO ,VODP

VD\LQJ  WKH

IRXQGHU RI 0DGUDVDK ,VODPLD LQ )DWHKSRRU D %DQJDOL VWXGHQW IHOO 

)LUVW HWLTXHWWH H[WUHPHO\ LOO ,W VHHPHG WKDW KH ZDV QRZ LQ WKH ILQDO VWDJHV RI KLV OLIH +DGKUDW 0RXODQD FDPH WR YLVLW KLP 2Q VHHLQJ 0RXODQD WKH

VWXGHQWV H\HV ILOOHG ZLWK WHDUV 0RXODQD FRQVROHG KLP DQG VDLG WR KLP )HDU QRW ,QVKD $OODK \RX ZLOO VRRQ UHFRYHU 7KHUHDIWHU

0RXODQD UHPDLQHG LQ VDMGDK IRU D ORQJ WLPH PDNLQJ GXD WR $OODK , 2K $OODK ,I \RX KDYH WR WDNH D OLIH WKHQ =XKRRUXO ,VODPV FKLOG

$WL\DWXOODK LV SUHVHQW 7KLV FKLOG LV D IRUHLJQHU +H OLYHV KHUH DQG LV HQWUXVWHG WR PH 2K $OODK *UDQW KLP JRRG KHDOWK :LWKLQ D VKRUW

SHULRG D PHVVDJH ZDV VHQW WR 0RXODQD WKDW KH VKRXOG SURFHHG WR KLV KRPH LPPHGLDWHO\ EHFDXVH $WL\DWXOODK KLV VRQ KDV IDOOHQ LOO %\ WKH WLPH 0RXODQD UHDFKHG KRPH KLV VRQ KDG DOUHDG\ SDVVHG DZD\ 7KLV ZDV 0RXODQDV RQO\ FKLOG 0D\ $OODK , ILOO ERWK IDWKHU DQG VRQV 4DEDU ZLWK 1RRU $DPHHQ 3HUVLDQ SRHP 0D\ $OODK , KDYH PHUF\ RQ VXFK SXUH VRXOV ZKR HVWDEOLVKHG WKH IRXQGDWLRQV RI JRRG ZLWK WKHLU EORRG DQG SHUVSLUDWLRQ 7KLV LV WKH H[DPSOH RI FRPSDVVLRQ VKRZQ E\ RXU SLRXV SUHGHFHVVRUV 3UHVHQWO\ IRU WULYLDO LVVXHV VWXGHQWV DUH EHDWHQ XS VR VHYHUHO\ WKDW RQH WKLQNV WKDW SHUKDSV WKH 8VWDDGK KDV JRW KROG RI KLV HQHP\ DQG LV QRZ WDNLQJ KLV OLIHORQJ UHYHQJH +DGKUDW +DNHHPXO 8PPDW XVHG WR VWRS WKH 8VWDDGKV IURP KLWWLQJ WKH VWXGHQWV HYHQ LI WKH\ GLG QRW NQRZ WKHLU OHVVRQV ,Q WKH .KDQTDK +DGKUDW ZDV YHU\

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

)LUVW HWLTXHWWH 8VWDDGKV PXVW SRQGHU RYHU ZKDW ZLOO EH DFKLHYHG RXW RI WKLV 'LG ZH HYHU GHVLUH VXFK WUHDWPHQW ZKHQ ZH ZHUH VWXGHQWV WKDW GDLO\ ZH VKRXOG EH KLW RQ RXU ERGLHV DQG IDFHV" ,I WKLV LV QRW VR WKHQ ZK\ GR ZH GR WKH VDPH WR RXU VWXGHQWV" 5DVXOXOODK U KDV PHQWLRQHG LQ D +DGLWK

1R SHUVRQ FDQ EH D WUXH EHOLHYHU XQWLO KH ORYHV IRU KLV EURWKHU ZKDW KH ORYHV IRU KLPVHOI ,I D VWXGHQW GRHV VRPHWKLQJ ZURQJ WKHQ LQ D NLQG DQG SROLWH ZD\ PDNH KLP VWXGHQW UHSHDWHG ,I XQGHUVWDQG WKLV IDLOV ,I WKLV LQIRUP DQG GRHV WKH QRW ZRUN WKHQ UHSULPDQG WKH ,I DIWHU WR

0DGUDVDK WKH

DXWKRULWLHV VWXGHQW VWLOO

H[SODQDWLRQ

UHSULPDQGLQJ

IDLOV

XQGHUVWDQG WKHQ LQIRUP WKH VWXGHQWV JXDUGLDQV WKDW LW LV QRW IHDVLEOH IRU WKH VWXGHQW WR UHPDLQ LQ WKLV SDUWLFXODU LQVWLWXWLRQ ,W ZRXOG EH LQ WKH EHVW LQWHUHVW RI DOO FRQFHUQHG WKDW WKH VWXGHQW HQUROOV HOVHZKHUH 3HUKDSV KH PD\ OHDUQ VWXGLRXVO\ WKHUH ,W LV QRW LQWHOOLJHQW RI D SHUVRQ WKDW LQ RUGHU WR UHFWLI\ VRPHRQH HOVH KH GHVWUR\V KLPVHOI LQ WKH

SURFHVV

2QFH

+DGKUDW

0RXODQD

*DQJRKL

ZDV

WHDFKLQJ

LQ

WKH

FRXUW\DUG RI WKH PXVMLG 6XGGHQO\ LW EHJDQ WR UDLQ $OO WKH VWXGHQWV KXUULHGO\ 0RXODQD WRRN WKHLU ERRNV DQG UXVKHG WR WKH 0XVMLG +DGKUDW

SLFNHG XS DOO WKH VKRHV RI KLV VWXGHQWV DQG NHSW LW

LQ D VDIH SODFH RXW RI WKH UDLQ

2Q RQH RFFDVLRQ 6XI\DDQ ELQ 8\D\QDK KLV VWXGHQWV DQG LQ WKDW VWDWH KH XWWHUHG

EHFDPH DQJU\ ZLWK

, KDYH PDGH D ILUP UHVROXWLRQ QRW WR WHDFK \RX DOO IRU D PRQWK 2Q KHDULQJ WKLV RQH RI KLV VWXGHQWV UHPDUNHG

)LUVW HWLTXHWWH

2 $EX 0XKDPPDG

6KRZ NLQGQHVV VSHDN JRRG ZRUGV

WDNH WKH SDWK RI \RXU SUHGHFHVVRUV DQG GR JRRG WR WKRVH ZKRP \RX DUH VLWWLQJ ZLWK EHFDXVH \RX DUH WKH ODVW RI WKH SLRXV SUHGHFHVVRUV DQG \RX DUH UHVSRQVLEOH IRU WKH NQRZOHGJH RI $OODK , DQG KLV 5DVXO

:KHQ ,EQ 8\DQDK

KHDUG WKLV KLV DQJHU VXEVLGHG DQG KH

FULHG SURIXVHO\ +H WKHQ UHFLWHG WKH IROORZLQJ SRHP

7KH WRZQ KDV EHFRPH EDUUHQ DQG LV OHIW ZLWKRXW D NLQJ KHQFH , KDG WR EHFRPH WKH NLQJ %HLQJ WKH NLQJ LWVHOI LV D JUHDW WHVW IRU PH 7KHUHDIWHU KH UHFRPPHQFHG KLV OHVVRQV DQG DOO WKH VWXGHQWV EHQHILWHG WUHPHQGRXVO\ +DG RXU HOGHUV QRW EHHQ VR OHQLHQW DQG WROHUDQW KRZ ZRXOG WKH

NQRZOHGJH RI 'HHQ KDYH HYHU UHDFKHG XV" 7KH WUXWK RI WKH PDWWHU LV WKDW WKH\ KDG WKH WUXH \HDUQLQJ WR VSUHDG WKH 'HHQ RI $OODK ,

ZKHUHDV ZH DUH ODFNLQJ WUHPHQGRXVO\ LQ WKLV UHJDUG ,W LV IRU WKLV UHDVRQ WKDW WKH\ ZRXOG WROHUDWH GLIILFXOWLHV ,W LV UHFRUGHG LQ %XVWDDQXO 0XKDGGLWKHHQ WKDW ,PDDP $KPDG ELQ $EGXOODK ZDV H[WUHPHO\ V\PSDWKHWLF WRZDUGV KLV VWXGHQWV

+H ZRXOG WHDFK WKHP IURP WKH PRUQLQJ WR =RKDU FRQWLQXRXVO\ 2Q FRPSOHWLRQ RI WKH OHVVRQV KH XVHG WR JR KRPH 7KH VWXGHQWV ZRXOG DFFRPSDQ\ KLP KRPH DQG RQ WKH ZD\ WKH\ XVHG WR UHFLWH RQH SDUD RI WKH +RO\ 4XUCDDQ WR KLP

)LUVW HWLTXHWWH

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

UHSOLHG %URWKHUV

LQ WKLV 0XVMLG , GR QRW ZDQW \RXU IRRG QRU DP , DVNLQJ IRU D VDODU\ ,I \RX WDNH PH RXW RI WKLV 0XVMLG , ZLOO JR DQG VLW XQGHU D WUHH DQG WHDFK WKH FKLOGUHQ ,Q QR ZD\ DP , SUHSDUHG WR OHDYH WKLV YLOODJH 7KRVH UHVSRQVLEOH IRU P\ FRPLQJ KHUH KDYH HPSKDVL]HG WKDW , VKRXOG QHYHU OHDYH WKLV SODFH 2QFH RQH RI KLV VWXGHQWV UDQ DZD\ IURP 0DGUDVDK +H SHUVRQDOO\ ZHQW RXW LQ VHDUFK RI WKH VWXGHQW $IWHU PXFK LQYHVWLJDWLRQ WKH

8VWDDGK OHDUQW WKDW WKH VWXGHQW KDG JRQH WR 0XOWDDQ +H WUDYHOOHG DOO WKH ZD\ WR 0XOWDDQ DQG EURXJKW WKH VWXGHQW EDFN (YHQWXDOO\ WKH YLOODJH SHRSOH XQGHUVWRRG WKHLU PLVWDNH 7KH\ FDPH WR WKH 8VWDDGK DQG DVNHG KLV IRUJLYHQHVV 7KH\ DOVR DVNHG KLP WR UHVXPH WHDFKLQJ LQ WKH 0XVMLG +H DFFHSWHG WKHLU RIIHU VD\LQJ 2Q WKHLU LQVLVWHQFH , OHIW 1RZ RQ WKHLU UHTXHVW , ZLOO UHWXUQ

+DGKUDW 0XIWL 6DKLE

DOVR PHQWLRQHG WKDW WKLV SDUWLFXODU

LQGLYLGXDO EHQHILWHG WKH SHRSOH RI WKDW ORFDOLW\ WUHPHQGRXVO\ 2QH RI WKH PDQ\ LOOXVWULRXV VWXGHQWV RI WKLV JUHDW VFKRODU ZDV +DGKUDW

0RXODQD 0XKDPPDG ,O\DDV UHDFKHG HYHU\ FRUQHU RI WKH ZRUOG

 ZKRVH QDPH DQG ZRUNV KDYH

6HFRQG HWLTXHWWH

6HFRQG HWLTXHWWH

6LQFHULW\ RI LQWHQWLRQ
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 D PHDQV RI DWWDLQLQJ WKLV ZRUOG 1DEL U KDV VWURQJO\ SURKLELWHG WKLV ,W LV PHQWLRQHG LQ D +DGLWK

7KH RQH ZKR OHDUQV WKH NQRZOHGJH RI 'HHQ WKURXJK ZKLFK KH FRXOG HDUQ WKH SOHDVXUH RI $OODK , EXW LQVWHDG KH OHDUQV LW RQO\ VR WKDW KH FDQ JDLQ WKH SOHDVXUHV RI WKH ZRUOG WKHQ VXFK D SHUVRQ ZLOO QRW HYHQ VPHOO WKH IUDJUDQFH RI -DQQDW $EX 'DZRRG ,EQX 0DMDK

<DK\D ELQ 0DD] NQRZOHGJH DQG ZLVGRP

KDV PHQWLRQHG WKDW ZKHQ D SHUVRQ VHHNV IRU ZRUOGO\ UHDVRQV WKH 1RRU RI WKDW

NQRZOHGJH LV ORVW +DGKUDW 8PDU W XVHG WR VD\ WKDW LI \RX VHH DQ $DOLP ZKR KDV ORYH IRU WKLV ZRUOG WKHQ WUHDW KLP VXVSLFLRXVO\ LQ PDWWHUV UHJDUGLQJ 'HHQ 7KH UHDVRQ IRU WKLV LV WKDW ZKDWHYHU \RX DUH LQFOLQHG WRZDUGV UXEV RII RQ \RX $Q $DOLP VKRXOG QHYHU OHW JUHHG HQWHU KLV KHDUW 0DQ\ D WLPH D SHUVRQ VXIIHUV GLVJUDFH EHFDXVH RI WKLV 7KH HQMR\PHQW RI VRPH WHPSRUDU\ ZRUOGO\ FRPIRUWV ZKLOVW VXIIHULQJ GLVJUDFH WKHUHLQ LV

FHUWDLQO\ QRW D VLJQ RI DQ\ LQWHOOLJHQFH



6HFRQG HWLTXHWWH

+RZ HYLO LV WKDW IRRG REWDLQHG WKURXJK GLVJUDFH 7KH SRW LV OHIW WR FRRN RQ WKH VWRYH DQG RQHV KRQRXU LV EXULHG LQ WKH JURXQG 3HUVLDQ 3RHP
%HJJLQJ KDV LQFUHDVHG P\ VXVWHQDQFH DQG GHFUHDVHG P\ KRQRXU 7KH KRQRXU LQ SRYHUW\ LV IDU JUHDWHU WKDQ WKH GLVJUDFH RI EHJJLQJ

,I

SRVVLEOH

RQH

VKRXOG

VHUYH

WKH

'HHQ

RI

$OODK

ZLWKRXW

DQ\

UHPXQHUDWLRQ ,I QRW KH PXVW DW OHDVW EH FRQWHQW ZLWK ZKDWHYHU KH HDUQV ZLWK SDWLHQFH DQG JUDWLWXGH +H VKRXOG FRQWLQXH ZLWK KLV ZRUN KDYLQJ WRWDO FRQILGHQFH LQ $OODK , DQG WKH FRQYLFWLRQ WKDW 7KH %HLQJ IRU ZKRP , DP VWULYLQJ LV DOO DZDUH RI P\ FRQGLWLRQ DQG +H ZLOO VXVWDLQ PH WKURXJK XQVHHQ PHDQV $PRQJVW RXU SLRXV SUHGHFHVVRUV WKHUH ZHUH PDQ\ ZKR DGRSWHG D VLPLODU DSSURDFK

.KDWHHE

KDV UHFRUGHG LQ KLV IDPRXV ERRN $O .LID\DK

FRQFHUQLQJ WKH IDPRXV +DIH]H+DGLWK +DPDDG ELQ 6XOD\PDK  +H ZULWHV WKDW WKLV JUHDW VFKRODU KDG D VWXGHQW ZKR WUDYHOOHG WR WKH )DU (DVW IRU SXUSRVHV RI WUDGH DQG LW ZDV KHUH WKDW KH KDG HDUQHG KLPVHOI D IRUWXQH 2XW RI ORYH IRU KLV 8VWDDGK KH SUHVHQWHG VRPH JLIWV WR KLP 2Q VHHLQJ WKH JLIWV +DPPDDG VDLG <RX ZLOO KDYH WR GHFLGH

HLWKHU , DFFHSW \RXU JLIWV DQG VWRS WHDFKLQJ \RX +DGLWK RU , GR QRW DFFHSW \RXU JLIWV DQG FRQWLQXH WHDFKLQJ \RX >.LID\D 3@

$EX $EGXU 5DKPDDQ 6XODPL WR 8PDU ELQ +XZDLV

RQFH SUHVHQWHG D IHZ FDPHOV  2Q UHFHLYLQJ WKLV JLIW KH UHWXUQHG LW

VD\LQJ WKDW ZH KDYH WDXJKW \RXU FKLOG WR UHFLWH WKH 4XUDDQ 6KDUHHI



6HFRQG HWLTXHWWH DQG IRU WKH WHDFKLQJ RI WKH 4XUDDQ ZH GR QRW WDNH DQ\ UHPXQHUDWLRQ 7DETDDW LEQ 6DDG

,VD LEQ <XQXV +DGLWK IDPLO\ 5DVKHHG )RU WKUHH

KHOG D YHU\ KLJK SRVLWLRQ LQ WKH QDUUDWLRQ RI JHQHUDWLRQV %DUNL JDYH KLP D +XIID]H+DGLWK  WKH ZHUH RI ERUQ LQ KLV DU +H

2QFH

-DIDU 

:D]HHU WKRXVDQGV

+DURRQ

KXQGUHG

GLUKDPV

UHIXVHG LW VD\LQJ , GR QRW ZLVK WR DWWDFK D YDOXH WR WKH +DGLWK RI 5DVXOXOODK U 2QFH 0DPRRQDU5DVKHHG DIWHU OLVWHQLQJ WR VRPH $KDDGLWK IURP ,VD LEQ <XQXV ODWWHU UHIXVHG VD\LQJ SUHVHQWHG D KXJH VXP RI PRQH\ WR KLP EXW WKH

1R 1RW HYHQ D VLS RI ZDWHU

$OODPDK =DKDEL

RQFH FRPPHQWHG DERXW =DNDUL\\DK LEQ $GL

 ZKR ZDV D UHQRZQHG QDUUDWRU RI DXWKHQWLF $KDDGLWK +H ZULWHV WKDW RQFH WKH H\HV RI ,EQ $GL SUHVHQWHG LQGLYLGXDO VRPH VXUPDK KH WR KDG KLP ,EQ $GL $KDDGLWK XQGHU EHJDQ WR SDLQ 6RPHRQH DVNHG KLP WKLV

ZKHWKHU

VWXGLHG

$IWHU

UHFHLYLQJ D SRVLWLYH UHSO\ ,EQ $GL

UHPDUNHG WKDW LI KH ZHUH

WR DFFHSW WKH VXUPD WKLV ZRXOG WDQWDPRXQW WR KDYLQJ DFFHSWHG VRPH VRUW RI UHPXQHUDWLRQ IRU WHDFKLQJ $KDDGLWK

,EUDKLP $O+DUEL

KDG OLYHG D OLIH RI DEVWLQHQFH DQG SLHW\

2Q PDQ\ RFFDVLRQV WKH NKDOHHIDK RI WKH WLPH 0XWWD]LG %LOODK VHQW ODUJH DPRXQWV RI ZHDOWK WR KLP +H QHYHU DFFHSWHG LW +HOSOHVVO\ KH RQFH ZHQW XS WR WKH NLQJ VD\LQJ 6WRS SXWWLQJ XV WKURXJK VR PXFK RI

UHPXQHUDWLRQ IRU QDUUDWLQJ $KDGLWK WUDQVODWRU

0HDQLQJ WKDW , ZLOO QRW DFFHSW DQ DPRXQW HYHQ WR WKH YDOXH RI D VLS RI ZDWHU LQ



6HFRQG HWLTXHWWH GLIILFXOW\ (LWKHU \RX VWRS VHQGLQJ WKH PRQH\ RU ZH ZLOO KDYH WR PRYH WR VRPH RWKHU SODFH

$EX <DOD

ZDV D JUHDW 0XKDGGLWK LQ $OJHULD 5HQRZQHG

VFKRODUV OLNH LEQ +LEEDDQ $EX +DDWLP DQG $EX %DNDU ,VPDHHO ZHUH IURP DPRQJVW KLV VWXGHQWV +LV DFFHSWDQFH DPRQJ WKH

SHRSOH ZDV VXFK WKDW ZKHQ KH SDVVHG DZD\ DOO WKH ED]DDUV RI 0RRVLO FORVHG +H DOZD\V NHSW KLV LQWHQWLRQ SXUH ZKHQ ZULWLQJ DQG

FRPSLOLQJ NLWDDEV +H NHSW KLPVHOI RFFXSLHG LQ WHDFKLQJ +DGLWK RQO\ IRU WKH VDNH RI $OODK ,

+DGKUDW

0RXODQD 4DDVLP

1DQRWZL

ZDV

RQFH RIIHUHG

VDODU\ RI ILYH KXQGUHG UXSHHV ZKLFK LQ WRGD\V WLPH LV HTXLYDOHQW WR WKRXVDQGV RI UXSHHV +H UHSOLHG WR WKHP VD\LQJ WKDW \RX DUH FDOOLQJ PH DZD\ WKLQNLQJ WKDW , DP D PDQ RI SHUIHFWLRQ ZKHUHDV , GR QRW ILQG DQ\ JRRG LQ P\VHOI 7KHUHDIWHU KH UHIXVHG WKH RIIHU DQG IRU WKH VDNH RI $OODK , FRQWLQXHG VHUYLQJ 'HHQ

+DGKUDW 6KHLNKXO +DGLWK 0RXODQD 0XKDPPDG =DNDUL\\D KDG UHFHLYHG PDQ\ OHWWHUV IURP 'KDND DQG +\GHUDEDDG 3HRSOH ZHUH LQVLVWLQJ WKDW DSSUR[LPDWHO\ KH FRPH WKUHH RYHU 7KH\ VWLSXODWHG UXSHHV D PRQWKO\ VDODU\ RI UHMHFWHG WKH RIIHU

WKRXVDQG

+DGKUDW

VD\LQJ , GR QRW ZDQW WR OLYH EHLQJ D VODYH WR WKH IDYRXUV RI RWKHUV

7KHUHDIWHU KH FRQWLQXHG KLV ZRUN RI WHDFKLQJ DQG ZULWLQJ ERRNV DW 0D]DDKLUXO 8ORRP ZLWKRXW DQ\ UHPXQHUDWLRQ 0D\ $OODK , ILOO KLV TDEDU ZLWK 1RRU 6HH $DS %HWL IRU GHWDLOV

0\ 8VWDDGK 4DUL $EGXO +DPHHG 1DEHHUDK 4DUL $EGXU 5DKPDDQ 3DQL 3DWWL

XVHG WR WHDFK

ZLWKRXW DQ\ UHPXQHUDWLRQ ZRXOG GR WKH DOVR

+LV \RXQJHU EURWKHU 4DUL $EGXO +DOHHP 6DKLE VDPH +DGKUDW 0RXODQD )D]OH+DT 6DKLE 3DQL 3DWWL 

6HFRQG HWLTXHWWH WDXJKW ZLWKRXW GUDZLQJ D VDODU\ , P\VHOI KDG OHDUQW ERRNV OLNH

4XGRRUL DQG +LGDD\DWXQ 1DKZX IURP KLP

1RZDGD\V SHRSOH HQJDJHG LQ WKH OHDUQLQJ DQG WHDFKLQJ RI 'HHQ KDYH QR PHDQV RI HDUQLQJ D OLYHOLKRRG ,I WKH\ IROORZ WKLV URXWH WKH\ ZLOO QHYHU VHUYH 'HHQ DV RQH RXJKW WR )RU WKLV UHDVRQ WKHUH LV QR KDUP LQ WDNLQJ D VDODU\ +RZHYHU WKLV PXVW QRW EH FRPH WKH SXUSRVH RI WDOHHP OHDUQLQJ DQG WHDFKLQJ DV KDV EHHQ PHQWLRQHG DERYH

2QFH +DGKUDW 0XUWDGKD +DVDQ +DGKUDW 7KDQZL

VDLG WR +DNHPXO 8PPDW

 +DGKUDW , IHHO XQHDV\ HDUQLQJ D VDODU\ ,W

VHHPV WKDW E\ WDNLQJ D VDODU\ RQH LV VHOOLQJ 'HHQ +DGKUDW 7KDQZL UHSOLHG 7KLV FDQ QHYHU EH FRQVWUXHG DV VHOOLQJ RQHV 'HHQ ,Q SUHVHQW WLPHV \RX PXVW GUDZ D VDODU\ %\ GRLQJ WKLV \RX ZLOO ILQG WKDW WKH ZRUN ZLOO EH GRQH ZLWK PRUH FRPSHWHQFH %\ DFFHSWLQJ UHPXQHUDWLRQ WKH ZRUN UHPDLQV DQ $PDDQDK D UHVSRQVLELOLW\ XSRQ \RX :LWKRXW WDNLQJ D VDODU\ RQHV FRPPLWPHQW UHPDLQV

TXHVWLRQDEOH

0RXODQD 0XUWDGKD +DVDQ

PHQWLRQHG %\ WDNLQJ D VDODU\

ZH FRPH WR NQRZ RI LWV JRRG EXW ZKDW LV WKH FXUH WR LWV HYLO ,Q UHSO\ +DGKUDW +DNHPXO 8PPDK VDLG &RQVLGHU WKH

VLWXDWLRQ ZKHUH D SHUVRQ LV VHUYLQJ 'HHQ +H HDUQV D VDODU\ DW D FHUWDLQ SODFH ZKLFK LV VXIILFLHQW IRU WKH IXOILOPHQW RI KLV QHHGV

7KHUHDIWHU KH JHWV DQ RIIHU WR WHDFK DW DQRWKHU SODFH IRU D KLJKHU VDODU\ ,W GRHV QRW QHFHVVDULO\ PHDQ WKDW KH ZLOO VHUYH 'HHQ LQ D JUHDWHU FDSDFLW\ LQ WKH VHFRQG SODFH DV FRPSDUHG WR WKH ILUVW 7KXV LI

WKH UHDVRQ IRU WUDQVIHU WR WKH VHFRQG SODFH LV EDVHG RQ PRQHWDU\ FRQVLGHUDWLRQ WKHQ WKLV ZRXOG DPRXQW WR VHOOLQJ RQHV 'HHQ

:LWK JUHDW UHPRUVH , KDYH WR VWDWH WKDW LQ WKLV WLPH DQG DJH RXU JRDO IRU VHUYLQJ 'HHQ LV QRWKLQJ EXW DWWDLQLQJ WKH GXQ\D &XUUHQWO\ ZH ZLOO ILQG RQO\ D KDQGIXO RI LQGLYLGXDOV ZKR DUH VHUYLQJ 'HHQ VROHO\ 

6HFRQG HWLTXHWWH IRU WKH VDNH RI 'HHQ LWVHOI )RU WKLV UHDVRQ ZH ILQG WKDW D SHUVRQ VSHQGV VRPH RI KLV WLPH LQ RQH SODFH DQG QR VRRQHU GRHV KH UHFHLYH DQ RIIHU IURP DQRWKHU SODFH IRU D KLJKHU VDODU\ KH PRYHV WR WKH

VHFRQG SODFH HYHQ WKRXJK WKHUH LV JUHDW ORVV WR WKH SODFH WKDW KH KDV OHIW DQG QR H[WUD 'HHQL ZRUN FDQ EH GRQH DW WKH SODFH WKDW KH LV JRLQJ WR

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD $EGXU 5DKPDDQ 3DQL 3DWL

XVHG WR WHDFK

FRQWLQXRXVO\ IURP )DMU WR $VDU DQG DW WLPHV ULJKW XS WR 0DJKULE 2FFDVLRQDOO\ KH XVHG WR JHW D FKDQFH WR UHVW LQ WKH DIWHUQRRQ +H ZDV DQ H[SHUW LQ HYHU\ ILHOG RI ,OP 2IIHUV ZLWK KHDOWK\ VDODULHV KDG FRPH WR KLP IURP YDULRXV TXDUWHUV EXW KH QHYHU OHIW 0DGDUDVDK $UDELD *XPGDDQ LQ 3DQL 3DWW +H SDVVHG KLV OLIH HDUQLQJ RQO\ WZHQW\ ILYH UXSHHV D PRQWK

0\ XQFOH DQG P\ 8VWDDGK +DGKUDW 0RXODQD 6D\\LG $PHHQXG 'HHQ  E\ ZKRP , FRPSOHWHG D IHZ 3DUDV RI WKH 4XUDDQ 6KDUHHI VWXGLHG )DUVL DQG WKH LQLWLDO ERRNV RI $UDELF ZDV DOZD\V HQJDJHG LQ WHDFKLQJ +LV VDODU\ ZDV RQO\ WHQ UXSHHV D PRQWK DQG WKDW WRR QRW HYHU\ PRQWK $OODK , SXW VR PXFK EDUDNDK LQ WKLV VPDOO VXP RI PRQH\ WKDW QRW RQO\ FRXOG KH FRYHU KLV H[SHQVHV EXW KH ZRXOG KHOS RWKHUV DV ZHOO +H ZRXOG DOVR HQWHUWDLQ JXHVWV UHJXODUO\ DW KLV KRXVH



7KLUG HWLTXHWWH

7KLUG HWLTXHWWH

:HOIDUH RI VWXGHQWV
$Q 8VWDDGK VKRXOG DOZD\V NHHS WKH ZHOIDUH RI KLV VWXGHQWV DW KHDUW ,Q WKLV UHJDUG WKH IROORZLQJ VKRXOG EH NHSW LQ PLQG

,I DQ 8VWDDGK LV XQDEOH WR VHH WR WKH QHHGV RI WKH VWXGHQWV VXFK DV ERDUGLQJ DQG ORGJLQJ WKHQ DOWHUQDWH DUUDQJHPHQW VKRXOG EH PDGH WR IXOILO WKHLU QHHGV

,W KDV EHHQ PHQWLRQHG WKDW +DGKUDW ,PDDP $EX +DQLID OHDUQW WKDW KLV VWXGHQW ,PDDP $EX <XVXI ZDV YHU\ SRRU DQG

WKDW KLV PRWKHU UHTXLUHG KLP WR HDUQ D OLYLQJ WR IXOILO WKHLU EDVLF QHHGV VXFK DV IRRG HWF ,PDDP $EX +DQLID VWLSXODWHG DQ DPRXQW

RI PRQH\ IRU KLP ZKLFK ZDV VXIILFLHQW WR PHHW ERWK WKHLU QHHGV

)URP WKLV LQFLGHQW ZH OHDUQ WKDW LI \RX KDYH D VWXGHQW ZKR LV LQ VXFK D FRQGLWLRQ DQG KH KDV D ORW RI ]HDO IRU NQRZOHGJH WKHQ DUUDQJHPHQWV VKRXOG EH PDGH IRU KLV QHHGV DQG LI QHFHVVDU\ WKH QHHGV RI KLV IDPLO\ DV ZHOO 7KURXJK WKLV FKLOG WKRXVDQGV RI OLYHV FDQ FKDQJH ,QVKDOODK

2XU

SLRXV

SUHGHFHVVRUV

KDG

JRQH

WR

WKH

H[WHQW

WKDW

HYHQ

DIWHU

VWXGHQW

TXDOLILHG DQG WKH 8VWDDGK

EHFDPH DZDUH RI WKH VWXGHQWV

SRYHUW\ WKH 8VWDDGK ZRXOG VHFUHWO\ PDNH VRPH DUUDQJHPHQWV IRU WKH VWXGHQW VR WKDW WKH ODWWHU FRXOG VHUYH 'HHQ HIILFLHQWO\

0XKDPPDG 0XEDDUDN

ELQ

,VD

VD\V

WKDW

ZKHQHYHU

$EGXOODK

,EQ

WUDYHOOHG WR 6\ULD DQG 7DUWRRV KH VWD\HG DW DQ LQQ

LQ 5DTTDK +HUH KH PHW D \RXQJVWHU ZKR RQFH VWXGLHG XQGHU KLP 2QFH ZKLOVW VWD\LQJ DW WKH LQQ KH GLG QRW VHH WKH VWXGHQW 2Q HQTXLU\ KH GLVFRYHUHG WKDW WKH VWXGHQW KDG EHHQ LQ GHEW IRU DSSUR[LPDWHO\ WHQ 

7KLUG HWLTXHWWH WKRXVDQG GLUKDPV DQG KDG EHHQ LPSULVRQHG E\ KLV FUHGLWRUV

$EGXOODK ELQ 0XEDUDDN

VHFUHWO\ SDLG DOO WKH FUHGLWRUV DQG

DVNHG IRU WKH UHOHDVH RI WKH VWXGHQW +H WKHUHDIWHU WRRN DQ RDWK IURP WKH FUHGLWRUV WKDW WKH\ ZRXOG QRW UHYHDO KLV VHFUHW $IWHU KDYLQJ GRQH WKLV ,EQ 0XEDDUDN OHIW LPPHGLDWHO\ VR DV QRW WR OHW WKH

VWXGHQW FRPH WR NQRZ RI KLV GRLQJV :KHQ WKH \RXQJVWHU ZDV IUHHG KH UHWXUQHG WR WKH LQQ /HDUQLQJ RI $EGXOODK ELQ 0XEDUDNV DUULYDO DQG GHSDUWXUH KH EHFDPH JULHYHG DQG LPPHGLDWHO\ VHW RXW IRU 7DUWRRV $IWHU PDQ\ GD\V KH PHW ,EQXO 0XEDUDN DQG

H[SODLQHG WR KLP WKH HQWLUH LQFLGHQW RI KLV LPSULVRQPHQW $EGXOODK ELQ 0XEDDUDN TXHVWLRQHG KLP DERXW KLV UHOHDVH

7KH VWXGHQW UHSOLHG 6RPH VHUYDQW RI $OODK , FDPH DQG VWD\HG DW WKH LQQ +H SDLG WKH GHEW DQG KDG PH IUHHG , VWLOO GRQW NQRZ ZKR KH LV ,EQ 0XEDDUDN IUHHLQJ KLP IURP VXFK D UHSOLHG WKDW KH VKRXOG WKDQN $OODK , IRU FDODPLW\ $IWHU WKH GHPLVH RI +DGKUDW

$EGXOODK LEQ XO 0XEDDUDN 

WKH FUHGLWRUV UHYHDOHG KLV VHFUHW

2QFH

WKH

DOORZDQFH +H GLG

RI QRW

$VDG

LEQ

XO LW

)XUDDW WR DQ\RQH :KHQ

EHFDPH ,PDDP

H[KDXVWHG 0XKDPPDG

PHQWLRQ

KHDUG RI LW KH VHQW KLP HLJKW\ GLQDDUV JROG RQ

FRLQV +H DOVR ILQDQFLDOO\ DVVLVWHG ,PDDP 6KDDILHH

PDQ\ RFFDVLRQV 2QFH RQ JLYLQJ KLP ILIW\ GLQDUV KH DVVXUHG KLP WKDW WKHUH ZDV QR QHHG WR IHHO LQGHEWHG WR KLP

:KLOVW ,PDDP 6KDILHH

ZDV VWD\LQJ LQ ,UDT KLV FUHGLWRUV

SODFHG KLP XQGHU KRXVH DUUHVW :KHQ ,PDDP 0XKDPPDG KHDUG RI WKLV KH LPPHGLDWHO\ SDLG RII WKH GHEWV DQG KDG KLP IUHHG



7KLUG HWLTXHWWH

6XFK LQFLGHQWV DUH UHSOHWH LQ WKH OLIH RI +DGKUDW 0XIWL 0DKPRRG  :KHQHYHU KH OHDUQW GLIILFXOW\ KH DVVLVWHG KLP WKHUH ZHUH DOZD\V ODUJH RI D VWXGHQW XQGHUJRLQJ DQ\ ILQDQFLDO

LQ DFFRUGDQFH WR KLV PHDQV $QQXDOO\ RI VWXGHQWV ZKR UHFHLYHG WKHLU

QXPEHUV 

DOORZDQFH IURP +DGKUDW

6KHLNK $EGXO +DTT 0XKDGGLV 'HKODZL 0XWWDTL WKH LQN KLPVHOI WR

ZULWHV DERXW $OO\

 WKH DXWKRU RI .DQ]XO 8PPDDO WKDW KH ZRXOG PL[ DQG WKHQ JLYH LW WRJHWKHU 7KLV ZLWK ZDV WKH DOVR SHQV WKH WR WKH RI

VWXGHQWV

ZULWH

YROXPLQRXV

ERRNV

KDELW

0XOODK $KPDG ELQ 7DDKLU 3DWQL %LKDDU

WKH DXWKRU RI 0DMPDXO

1HYHU HYHU PLVV RXW 6DEDT

,I D VWXGHQW PLVVHG D OHVVRQ GXH WR D YDOLG UHDVRQ LW VKRXOG EH FRYHUHG XS ODWHU ,I D VWXGHQW LV DEVHQW IURP FODVV GXH WR VHYHUH LOOQHVV WKHQ DUUDQJHPHQWV VKRXOG EH PDGH WR DVVLVW WKH VWXGHQW WR WKH FODVV ,I WKLV LV QRW SRVVLEOH WKH 8VWDDGK VKRXOG JR WR WKH VWXGHQW WR WHDFK KLP WKH OHVVRQ /HW XV ORRN DW D IHZ H[DPSOHV

5DEL ELQ 6XOD\PDQ

VD\V WKDW KLV 8VWDDGK ,PDDP 6KDILHH

ZRXOG VD\ WR KLP ,I , FRXOG PDNH ,OP NQRZOHGJH LQWR PRUVHOV DQG IHHG LW WR \RX , ZRXOG GHILQLWHO\ GR VR

6XI\DDQ 7KDXUL

ZRXOG VD\ RQ RDWK %\ $OODK , LI DQ\

VWXGHQW FDQQRW FRPH WR PH WKHQ , ZLOO GHILQLWHO\ JR WR KLP 2QFH VRPHRQH LQIRUPHG KLP WKDW RQH RI KLV VWXGHQWV ZDV VWXG\LQJ ZLWKRXW DQ\ VSHFLILF LQWHQWLRQ +H UHSOLHG 2EWDLQLQJ NQRZOHGJH LWVHOI LV VXIILFLHQW DV DQ LQWHQWLRQ 1L\\DW



7KLUG HWLTXHWWH

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD +DDIL] 4DDUL $EGXO +DOHHP 6DKLE

OHDUQW

PRVW RI KLV NLWDDEV DW WKH KDQGV RI 4DDUL $EGXU 5DKPDDQ 3DQL 3DWWL  :KHQ WKLV KXPEOH VHUYDQW DVNHG KLP WR WHDFK WKH 6DEDK 4LUDDW  GLIIHUHQW GLDOHFWV RI WKH 4XUDDQ 4DDUL 6DKLE H[SODLQHG WKDW KH GLG QRW KDYH WKH WLPH EXW KH ZRXOG GHILQLWHO\ WU\ WR WDNH RXW VRPH WLPH IRU KLP :KHQ WKH RWKHU VWXGHQWV KHDUG DERXW WKLV WKH\ DOVR DVNHG WR MRLQ WKH FODVV WKXV IRUPLQJ RQH ELJ JURXS $IWHU WKH =RKDU VDODDK KH WDXJKW +LGDD\DK 7KH VWXGHQWV XVHG WR UHDG WKHLU VDODDK QDPDD] LQ DQRWKHU 0XVMLG DQG WKHQ DUULYH IRU WKHLU OHVVRQV 4DDUL 6DKLE DQQRXQFHG VKRXOG WKDW UHDG WKRVH WKHLU VWXGHQWV =RKDU ZLVKLQJ LQ WR OHDUQ PXVMLG WKH DV

VDEDK OHVVRQV

TLUDDW ZRXOG

VDODDK DIWHU

KLV

FRPPHQFH

LPPHGLDWHO\

VDODDK

:LWK

JUHDW

GLIILFXOW\ KH PDQDJHG WR PDNH VRPH WLPH IRU WKH OHVVRQV ZKLFK ZRXOG FRQWLQXH XQWLO WKH VWXGHQWV VWXG\LQJ +LGDD\DK ZRXOG JDWKHU IRU WKHLU OHVVRQV $IWHU D IHZ GD\V 4DUL 6DKLE DQQRXQFHG

WKDW VLQFH YHU\ OLWWOH VDEDT KDV EHHQ FRPSOHWHG OHVVRQV ZRXOG KDYH WR FRQWLQXH DIWHU (VKD DV ZHOO $ IHZ GD\V ODWHU 4DUL 6DKLE VDLG WKDW LW LV LPSRVVLEOH WR FRPSOHWH WKH HQWLUH 4XUDDQ 6KDUHHI LQ D \HDU LQ WKLV PDQQHU WKXV WKH VWXGHQWV PXVW VOHHS RYHU DW KLV KRXVH DQG DW WKH WLPH RI 7DKDMMXG FRQWLQXH ZLWK VDEDT 4DDUL 6DKLE KDG VHSDUDWH JXHVW TXDUWHUV DW KLV SODFH 7KH

VWXGHQWV XVHG WR VSHQG WKH QLJKW LQ WKLV VHFWLRQ +H ZRXOG VHW WKH DODUP DQG ZLWK JUHDW SXQFWXDOLW\ RIIHU KLV 7DKDMMXG DQG WKHQ WHDFK XQWLO )DMDU $OO WKLV HIIRUW ZDV PDGH VROHO\ RXW RI DIIHFWLRQ IRU KLV VWXGHQWV 4DDUL 6DKLE QHYHU GUHZ D VDODU\ IURP WKH 0DGUDVDK 6XFK SLHW\ FDQQRW EH IRXQG QRZDGD\V 0D\ $OODK , ILOO KLV 4DEDU ZLWK 1RRU $DPHHQ

8QOHVV WKH VWXGHQWV GR QRW XQGHUVWDQG WKH SUHYLRXV OHVVRQ

QHZ OHVVRQV VKRXOG QRW EH WDXJKW 7R PDNH WKLQJV HDV\ D IHZ TXHVWLRQV VKRXOG EH GUDIWHG RXW DQG WKH IROORZLQJ GD\ WKH VWXGHQWV VKRXOG EH TXHVWLRQHG RUDOO\ $W OHDVW RQFH 

7KLUG HWLTXHWWH D ZHHN VRPH JHQHUDO TXHVWLRQV VKRXOG EH DVNHG VR WKDW WKHLU JHQHUDO NQRZOHGJH LQFUHDVHV +DGKUDW 0XDD] ELQ -DEDO W QDUUDWHV WKDW RQFH KH ZDV VHDWHG RQ D FRQYH\DQFH EHKLQG 1DEL U 1DEL U DVNHG PH D TXHVWLRQ 'R \RX NQRZ ZKDW ULJKW $OODK , KDV RYHU WKH SHRSOH" , UHSOLHG WKDW $OODK , DQG +LV 5DVXO U NQHZ EHVW 5DVXOXOODK U WKHQ VDLG

$OODKV , ULJKW RYHU WKH SHRSOH LV WKDW WKH\ ZRUVKLS KLP 7KHUHDIWHU 1DEL U DVNHG PH 2 0XDD] W 'R \RX NQRZ ZKDW ULJKW

WKH SHRSOH KDYH RYHU $OODK ," , UHSOLHG WKDW $OODK , DQG +LV 5DVXO U NQRZ EHVW 1DEL U UHSOLHG 7KH SHRSOHV ULJKW RYHU $OODK , LV WKDW $OODK , GRHV QRW SXQLVK WKHP , WKHQ DVNHG 5DVXOXOODK U

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

,W LV QDUUDWHG IURP 1XPDDQ LEQ 0XUDK

WKDW HYHQ EHIRUH WKH

$KNDDP ODZV RI WKH 4XUDDQ ZHUH UHYHDOHG 1DEL U DVNHG :KDW GR \RX KDYH WR VD\ DERXW DQ DOFRKROLF D WKLHI DQG DQ DGXOWHUHU" 7KH 6DKDDEDK \ UHSOLHG $OODK , DQG KLV 5DVXO U NQRZ EHVW 1DEL U WKHQ VDLG $OO WKHVH DFWLRQV DUH LQGHFHQW DQG ZRUWK\ RI SXQLVKPHQW EXW WKH ZRUVW W\SH RI VWHDOLQJ LV WR VWHDO LQ VDODDK 6DKDDEDK \ DVNHG &DQ D SHUVRQ VWHDO LQ VDODDK 1DEL U UHSOLHG 7KH RQH ZKR GRHV QRW H[HFXWH KLV UXNX DQG VDMGDK FRUUHFWO\ LV JXLOW\ RI VWHDOLQJ LQ VDODDK 

7KLUG HWLTXHWWH

6DHHG LEQXO 0XVD\\DE

RQFH DVNHG KLV VWXGHQWV ,Q ZKLFK

VDODDK GRHV D SHUVRQ VLW DIWHU HYHU\ UDNDDW" 7KH VWXGHQWV IDLOHG WR UHSO\ 6DHHG UHSOLHG ,W LV WKH 0DJKULE 6DODDK LQ ZKLFK WKH

ILUVW UDNDDW ZDV PLVVHG DQG \RX MRLQHG LQ WKH VHFRQG UDNDDW WKXV DIWHU HYHU\ UDNDDW \RX ZLOO VLW

,I \RX UHDOLVH WKDW \RX KDYH HUUHG LQ WKH OHVVRQ LQ DQ\ ZD\

FRUUHFW WKH PLVWDNHV LPPHGLDWHO\ ,I D VWXGHQW VKRZV \RX WKH FRUUHFW H[SODQDWLRQ RI DQ\ LEDDUDW VHQWHQFH WKHQ DFFHSW KLV RSLQLRQ 7KLV GLVSOD\V WKH WUXH SHUIHFWLRQ RI WKH 8VWDDGK QRW KLV LQIHULRULW\ +HQFH WKH VWXGHQWV FRQILGHQFH LQ WKH 8VWDDGKV SLHW\ WUXWKIXOQHVV DQG

UHOLDELOLW\ JURZV 0XKDPPDG ELQ .DDE $O4XUD]L QDUUDWHV WKDW RQFH D SHUVRQ

FDPH WR DVN +DGKUDW $OL W D TXHVWLRQ +DGKUDW $OL W DQVZHUHG KLP $QRWKHU SHUVRQ VDLG 2 DV \RX KDYH H[SODLQHG $PHHUXO 0XLPHQHHQ WKH PDVDODK LV QRW UDWKHU WKLV LV WKH FRUUHFW H[SODQDWLRQ

+DGKUDW $OL W UHSOLHG 'HILQLWHO\ ZKDW \RX DUH VD\LQJ LV FRUUHFW , KDYH PDGH D PLVWDNH 2QFH $PHHUXO

0XPHQHHQ

+DGKUDW

8PDU

DQQRXQFHG

WKDW

QR

SHUVRQ ZDV DOORZHG WR VWLSXODWH D PDKDU GRZU\ IRU PRUH WKDQ  $ZTL\D RI JROG HYHQ WKRXJK VKH PD\ EH WKH GDXJKWHU RI WKH NLQJ ,I

DQ\ RQH GLG VWLSXODWH DQ DPRXQW JUHDWHU KH WKUHDWHQHG WR FRQILVFDWH WKH H[FHVV DQG GHSRVLW LW LQWR WKH %D\WXO 0DDO $PRQJVW WKH ZRPHQ D YHU\ WDOO ZRPDQ ZLWK D IODW KDYH QRVH QR VWRRG ULJKW XS WR DQG REMHFWHG 2

$PHHUXO

0XPHQHHQ

\RX

GR

WKLV

$PHHUXO

0XLPHQHHQ DVNHG ZK\ QRW 7KH ZRPDQ UHSOLHG 7KH DD\DW RI WKH 4XUDDQ

,I \RX KDYH JLYHQ WR DQ\ RI \RXU ZLYHV DEXQGDQW ZHDOWK WKHQ GR QRW WDNH WKH OHDVW ELW RI LW EDFN

$ W\SH RI ZHLJKW  PHDVXUH



7KLUG HWLTXHWWH :KHQ $PHUXO 0XPHQHHQ KHDUG WKLV KH VSRNH LQ D ORXG YRLFH

VD\LQJ 7KH ZRPDQ KDV VSRNHQ FRUUHFWO\ DQG WKH PDQ KDV HUUHG 0RXODQD *LODDQL KDV VDLG WKDW ZKHQ 6D\HG ,VPDLO %DOJLUDPL

ZHQW WR VWXG\ XQGHU 0RXODQD $EGXO +DNHHP 6L\DONRWL KH SODFHG KLP LQ RQH RI WKH JURXSV LQ WKH 0DGUDVDK 0RXODQD ZDV WRR EXV\ DQG LW ZDV LPSRVVLEOH WR WHDFK 6D\HG 6DKLE

LQGLYLGXDOO\ 6D\HG ,VPDLO

GLG QRW DVN DQ\ TXHVWLRQV DQG

ZRXOG TXLHWO\ OLVWHQ WR DOO WKH OHVVRQV 2QH GD\ 0XOODK $EGXO +DNLP DVNHG KLP 6RPH WLPH KDV SDVVHG DOUHDG\ DQG \RX KDYH QRW DVNHG D VLQJOH TXHVWLRQ +RZ ZLOO \RX EHQHILW LQ WKLV ZD\" 6D\HG ,VPDLO UHSOLHG ,I \RX KDYH DQ\ IUHH WLPH , ZLOO FRPH WR

\RX DV LW LV QRW DSSURSULDWH IRU PH WR DVN TXHVWLRQV LQ WKH RWKHU VWXGHQWV WLPH DQG , ZLOO EH HQFURDFKLQJ RQ WKHLU ULJKWV 0XOODK 6DKLE FHUWDLQ WROG KLP WR FRPH DIWHU $VDU 7KH\ EHJDQ GLVFXVVLQJ D PDVDODK FRQWLQXLQJ WLOO XQWLO 0DJKULE 6DKLE $IWHU 0DJKULE WKH

GLVFXVVLRQ

FRQWLQXHG

(VKD

0XOODK

GHFLGHG

7RPRUURZ ZH ZLOO VWRS DOO WKH OHVVRQV DQG H[SODLQ WKLV PDVDODK )RU WKUHH GD\V FRQWLQXRXVO\ WKLV GLVFXVVLRQ FRQWLQXHG (YHQWXDOO\ 0XOODK $EGXO +DNLP DVNHG WKH VWXGHQWV UHJDUGLQJ WKHLU ZLWKRXW PHQWLRQLQJ

RSLQLRQ RQ WKLV PDVDODK 6D\HG ,VPDLO

KLV QDPH SUHVHQWHG D WDKTHHT UHVHDUFK DQG WROG WKH XVWDDGK WKDW D WDKTHHT LQ WKLV UHJDUG KDV EHHQ SUHSDUHG 0XOODK 6DKLE WKLV UHVHDUFK DQG ZDV YHU\ SOHDVHG VDZ

SXSLOV

,QWHOOLJHQW SXSLOV VKRXOG QRW EH JURXSHG WRJHWKHU ZLWK ZHDN UDWKHU WKH\ VKRXOG EH JURXSHG ZLWK SXSLOV RI HTXDO

LQWHOOLJHQFH VR WKDW WKHLU WLPH GRHV QRW JHW ZDVWHG

,W LV PHQWLRQHG DERXW ,PDDP 0XKDPPDG

WKDW KH ZRXOG

WHDFK GXULQJ WKH GD\ DQG FRQWLQXH WKURXJKRXW WKH QLJKW +RZHYHU WKHVH OHVVRQV ZHUH QRW RSHQ WR WKH SXEOLF 7KH\ ZHUH IRU WKRVH



7KLUG HWLTXHWWH VWXGHQWV ZKR WUDYHOOHG IURP GLVWDQW SODFHV DQG ZRXOG FRPH ZLWK

JUHDW HQWKXVLDVP EXW KDG OHVV WLPH DYDLODEOH 7KHUHIRUH WKLV WLPH ZDV UHVHUYHG H[FOXVLYHO\ IRU WKHP

, KDYH SHUVRQDOO\ IRXQG P\ WHDFKHUV WR EH YHU\ FRPSDVVLRQDWH WR WKHLU VWXGHQWV PDNLQJ VXEVWDQWLDO HIIRUW RQ VWXGHQWV HYHQ RXW RI

0DGUDVDK WLPH VWDWLQJ WKDW WKHLU WHDFKHUV GLG WKH VDPH IRU WKHP

,Q WKH \HDUV , VWXGLHG LQ 0D]DKLUXO 8ORRP $PHHU $KPDG

P\ 8VWDDGK 0RXODQD

DQG PDQ\ RWKHU 8VWDDGKV GHDOW ZLWK XV LQ D

VLPLODU PDQQHU , KDG VWXGLHG PDQ\ DGGLWLRQDO NLWDDEV XQGHU KLP RXW RI 0DGUDVDK WLPH 0D\ $OODK , VKRZHU +LV LQILQLWH PHUFLHV XSRQ KLP

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD $MXE 1RRU 6DKLE .RKDDWK %DQX +H PHQWLRQHG WKDW ZH KDG

OLYHG LQ D SODFH FDOOHG FRPSOHWHG RXU HQWLUH

$DOLP FRXUVH LQ WKUHH \HDUV +LV DELOLW\ ZDV VXFK WKDW WKHUH ZDV QR VXEMHFW LQ ZKLFK KH GLG QRW DWWDLQ H[FHOOHQFH 2QFH KH UHODWHG WKDW EHIRUH TXDOLI\LQJ KH KDG UHDG 4DDGKL 0XEDDUDN QDPH RI D ERRN WZHQW\ WZR WLPHV

, KDG SHUVRQDOO\ VHHQ KLP WHDFKLQJ GLIILFXOW ERRNV LQFOXGLQJ 4DD]L +DPGXOODK ,Q DGGLWLRQ KH KDG PHPRULVHG GLIILFXOW ERRNV OLNH 6KDPV %D]JDK 0HHU =DDKLG 8PRRU $DPDK 7DVUHHK DQG 6KDUDK

&KDJKPHHQL :KHUHYHU DXWKRUV RU FRPPHQWDWRUV PDGH PLVWDNHV KH ZRXOG PDUN WKH HUURU DQG SURYLGH WKH SURSHU H[SODQDWLRQ VR WKDW RQH PD\ QRW EH GHFHLYHG E\ WKH LPSURSHU H[SODQDWLRQ

+H WDXJKW WKH VHFRQG SDUW RI +LGDD\D7DXGHHK 7DOZHHK HWF LQ D XQLTXH PDQQHU 2QFH RQH RI P\ FODVV PDWHV 0RXODQD 6XOWDDQ

$KPDG %DORFKLVWDDQL

PHQWLRQHG VHYHUDO WLPHV GXULQJ D UHWRUWHG

OHVVRQ WKDW WKLV LV D YHU\ XQLTXH ERRN +DGKUDW

0RXOZL 6XOWDDQ , KDYH KHDUG WKLV VWDWHPHQW IURP \RX PDQ\ WLPHV



7KLUG HWLTXHWWH ,I WKH DXWKRU RI 0HHU =DKLG KDG ZULWWHQ WKLV ERRN DW WKDW WLPH WKHQ WKHUH LV QR SHUIHFWLRQ DV KH HQMR\HG D OLIH RI FRPSOHWH FRPIRUW 2Q PDQ\ RFFDVLRQV KH ZDV JLYHQ JROG HTXDO WR KLV RZQ ZHLJKW +H ZURWH VXFK D ERRN LQ FRPIRUW :KDW SHUIHFWLRQ LV WKHUH LQ WKLV" ,I WKLV W\SH RI FRPIRUW ZHUH IRXQG WRGD\ WKHQ WKHUH DUH VXFK VHUYDQWV RI $OODK , ZKR FDQ ZULWH PDQ\ VLPLODU ERRNV +RZHYHU FRQGLWLRQV DUH VXFK

WKDW WKH PRQWK KDV QRW \HW HQGHG DQG WKHUH LV QRW HQRXJK PRQH\ WR SXUFKDVH ILUH ZRRG WR FRRN IRRG

3HUIHFWLRQ

LV

WKDW

XQGHU

VXFK

FRQGLWLRQV

WKH

WHDFKHUV

DUULYH

DW

0DGUDVDK WR WHDFK :KHUH FDQ RQH DWWDLQ WKDW W\SH RI WUDQTXLOLW\ WR ZULWH D ERRN OLNH 0HHU =DKLG"

0\

8VWDDGK

6KDLNKXO

+DGLWK

0RXODQD

=DNDUL\\D

KDG

FRPSOHWHG DOO KLV 'HHQL .LWDDEV LQ D VKRUW SHULRG RI WLPH $OODK , KDG JUDQWHG KLP SHUIHFWLRQ LQ DOO ILHOGV HVSHFLDOO\ LQ WKH ILHOG RI +DGLWK +LV ZRUNV EHDU WHVWLPRQ\ WR WKLV

2QFH , DWWHQGHG WKH PDMOLV RI 6D\\LG $ODZL ZKR ZDV RQH RI WKH JUHDWHVW 8ODPD LQ 0DNNDK 0XNDUUDPDK ,Q KLV PDMOLV KH PHQWLRQHG WKDW +DGKUDW 6KDLNK 0RXODQD =DNDUL\\DV ERRN $XMD] XO

0DVDDOLN ZKLFK LV WKH FRPPHQWDU\ RI 0XDWWD ,PDDP 0DDOLN LV RI VXFK D VWDWXUH WKDW LWV HTXDO GLG QRW H[LVW HYHQ LQ WKH HUD RI WKH 0XWDTDGLPHHQ WKH SLRXV SUHGHFHVVRUV

0\ DVVRFLDWH 0RXODQD $DVKLT ,OODKL

 ZKR KDV ZULWWHQ PDQ\

NLWDDEV UHDFKHG +LGDD\DWXQ 1DKZX WKLUG \HDU RI WKH $DOLP FODVV LQ D VKRUW SHULRG RI  PRQWKV

)URP WKLV LW LV DSSDUHQW WKDW KDG WKHVH 8ODPD EHHQ ERXQG E\ WKH V\OODEXV DQG WKH V\VWHP WKHQ D ORW RI WLPH ZRXOG KDYH EHHQ ZDVWHG

7KHUH DUH PDQ\ VWXGHQWV ZKR KDG FRPH WR WKLV KXPEOH VHUYDQW DQG ZLWKLQ RQH \HDU UHDFKHG 6KDUDK -DPL ^WK \HDU` 

7KLUG HWLTXHWWH

WKHQ

,I D VWXGHQW GRHV QRW XQGHUVWRRG DQ\ WKLQJ GXULQJ D OHVVRQ DGGLWLRQDO HIIRUW VKRXOG EH PDGH RXW RI 0DGUDVDK WLPH WR

DGGUHVV WKLV 6KRXOG D VWXGHQW UHIHU WR DQRWKHU 8VWDDGK LQ RUGHU WR XQGHUVWDQG D FHUWDLQ PDVDODK WKHQ WKH 8VWDDGK VKRXOG QRW IHHO

RIIHQGHG 5DWKHU DGPLW WKDW WKLV LV \RXU OLPLWDWLRQ ,I KH VWLOO GRHV QRW XQGHUVWDQG WKHQ UHTXHVW KLP WR REWDLQ DQ H[SODQDWLRQ IURP VRPHRQH HOVH RU DVN VRPH RQH DQG WKHQ UHH[SODLQ LW WR KLP

,I DQ 8VWDDGK GRHV QRW XQGHUVWDQG D SDUWLFXODU DVSHFW WKHQ KH VKRXOG FOHDUO\ VWDWH , GR QRW XQGHUVWDQG WKLV DQG ZLOO H[SODLQ LW WR \RX ODWHU 1HYHU UHJDUG WKLV DGPLVVLRQ DV EHORZ RQHV GLJQLW\ :KR LV WKHUH LQ WKH ZRUOG WKDW NQRZV HYHU\WKLQJ"

+DGKUDW $EGXOODK LEQ 0DVRRG W KDV PHQWLRQHG 2

3HRSOH VD\

RQO\ WKDW ZKLFK \RX NQRZ ,I \RX GR QRW NQRZ DQ\WKLQJ WKHQ VD\ $OODK , NQRZV EHVW EHFDXVH D PDMRU SRUWLRQ RI ,OP

NQRZOHGJH LV WKDW LI \RX GRQW NQRZ VRPHWKLQJ \RX VKRXOG DGPLW WKDW \RX DUH XQDZDUH RI LW

+DGKUDW 6KDEL

ZDV RQFH DVNHG D TXHVWLRQ WR ZKLFK KH

UHSOLHG WKDW KH GLG QRW NQRZ WKH DQVZHU $IWHU KHDULQJ WKLV UHSO\ RQH RI WKH VWXGHQWV VWDWHG :H IHHO DVKDPHG WKDW \RX KDYH H[SUHVVHG \RXU LQDELOLW\ WR DQVZHU WKH TXHVWLRQ +DGKUDW 6KDEL

UHSOLHG 7KH DQJHOV GLG QRW IHHO DVKDPHG WR H[SUHVV WKHUH LQ DELOLW\ ZKHQ WKH\ VDLG

:H KDYH QR NQRZOHGJH H[FHSW WKDW ZKLFK \RX ^$OODK EHVWRZHG XQWR XV

,` KDV

2QFH $EGXOODK ELQ 8PDU W ZDV DVNHG D TXHVWLRQ +H UHSOLHG WKDW KH GLG QRW NQRZ WKH DQVZHU 7KH TXHVWLRQHU UHPDUNHG WKDW $EGXOODK ELQ 

7KLUG HWLTXHWWH 8PDU W KDV FKRVHQ DQ H[FHOOHQW SDWK $ SHUVRQ ZKR GRHV QRW NQRZ VRPHWKLQJ VKRXOG FRQIHVV WKDW KH GRHV QRW NQRZ LW +DGKUDW 0XMDDKLG ZDV RQFH DVNHG D TXHVWLRQ RQ

LQKHULWDQFH +H UHSOLHG WKDW KH GLG QRW NQRZ WKH DQVZHU 6RPHRQH DVNHG ZK\ KH GLG QRW DQVZHU WKH TXHVWLRQ WR ZKLFK KH UHSOLHG WKDW ZKHQHYHU $EGXOODK ELQ 8PDU W GLG QRW NQRZ VRPHWKLQJ KH ZRXOG LQ FOHDU WHUPV UHSO\ WKDW , GR QRW NQRZ

6DHHG ELQ -XEDLU W ZDV DVNHG D TXHVWLRQ +H UHSOLHG , GRQW NQRZ DQG GHVWUXFWLRQ LV IRU WKDW SHUVRQ ZKR FODLPV WKDW KH KDV NQRZOHGJH ZKHQ KH GRHVQW 7KHUH LV D PHQWLRQ LQ 0XVDQQDI $EGXU 5D]]DT ZKHUH ,PDDP 0DDOLN TXRWHV WKH VD\LQJ RI $EGXOODK ELQ $EEDDV W WKDW ZKHQ WKH $DOLP IRUJHWV WR VD\ , GR QRW NQRZ KH ZLOO FRQWLQXH HUULQJ

$THHTDK ELQ 0XVOLP

VD\V WKDW , VWD\HG ZLWK $EGXOODK ELQ

8PDU W IRU  PRQWKV 7KH PDMRULW\ RI WKH WLPH KH ZRXOG VD\ , GRQW NQRZ ZKHQ KH ZDV DVNHG D TXHVWLRQ

+DGUDW $EX 'DUGD W VD\V WKDW ZKHQ D SHUVRQ LV SXW LQ D SRVLWLRQ ZKHUH KH KDV QR NQRZOHGJH RI D FHUWDLQ WKLQJ DQG VD\V , GRQW NQRZ WKLV LV D VLJQ RI KLP SRVVHVVLQJ KDOI RI NQRZOHGJH %\ ORRNLQJ LQ WKH OLYHV RI WKH SLRXV SUHGHFHVVRUV ZH XQGHUVWDQG WKDW ZKHQHYHU WKH\ GLG QRW NQRZ DQ\WKLQJ WKHQ ZLWKRXW DQ\ KHVLWDWLRQ WKH\ ZRXOG FRQIHVV WKDW WKH\ GLG QRW NQRZ RU WKH\ ZRXOG DVN

VRPHRQH HOVH DQG WKHQ SURYLGH WKH DQVZHU

2Q PDQ\ RFFDVLRQV P\ 8VWDDGK 6KDK $VDGXOODK 6DKLE GXULQJ OHVVRQV LI KH GLG QRW XQGHUVWDQG DQ\WKLQJ LPPHGLDWHO\ ZRXOG VD\ WKDW KH GLG QRW XQGHUVWDQG 0RVW RI WKH WLPH KH ZRXOG DQG

LPPHGLDWHO\ JR WR 6KDK $EGXU 5DKPDDQ .DPHOSXUL



7KLUG HWLTXHWWH ILQG RXW WKH SURSHU H[SODQDWLRQ 7KHUHDIWHU KH ZRXOG UHWXUQ DQG

H[SODLQ LW WR WKH VWXGHQWV

0\ 8VWDDGK +DGKUDW 0XIWL 0DKPRRG +DVDQ *DQJRKL

ZDV

WKH )DTLK -XULVW RI WKH WLPH DQG ZDV DQ H[SHUW LQ HYHU\ ILHOG +LV VSRQWDQHRXV UHSOLHV DUH VRPHWKLQJ WKDW HYHU\ RQH ZDV ZHOO

DFTXDLQWHG ZLWK , KDYH SHUVRQDOO\ KHDUG KLP

RQ PDQ\ RFFDVLRQV

VD\LQJ , KDYH QR NQRZOHGJH UHJDUGLQJ WKLV PDVDODK



)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH

)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH

7DUEL\DW RI WKH VWXGHQWV

,W LV WKH GXW\ RI WKH 8VWDDGK WR WHDFK KLV VWXGHQWV ZD\V E\ ZKLFK WKH\ FDQ UHIUDLQ IURP DGRSWLQJ DQ HYLO FKDUDFWHU 7KLV VKRXOG EH GRQH ZLWK ORYH DQG DIIHFWLRQ 6XFK PDWWHUV VKRXOG QRW EH WDFNOHG GLUHFWO\ ZLWK DGPRQLWLRQ DV WKLV FDXVHV WKH EDUULHU RI IHDU WR EH EURNHQ 7KHUHDIWHU WKH VWXGHQWV ZLOO EHFRPH EUDYH DQG IDLO WR REVHUYH WKH ODZV RI WKH 0DGUDVDK

+DGKUDW

1DEL

U

ZKR

LV

WKH

8VWDDGK

RI

DOO

WKH

$VDDWL]D

KDV

PHQWLRQHG WKDW LI SHRSOH DUH SUHYHQWHG IURP JDWKHULQJ GXQJ WKHQ GHILQLWHO\ WKH\ ZLOO JDWKHU LW 7KH\ ZLOO WKLQN WKDW WKHUH PXVW EH

VRPHWKLQJ LQ LW IRU XV WR EH SUHYHQWHG IURP

JDWKHULQJ LW 7KLV LV

KXPDQ QDWXUH $ IDPRXV H[DPSOH RI WKLV LV WKH LQFLGHQW RI +DGKUDW $GDP X DQG %LEL +DZD X ,Q $UDELF WKHUH LV D IDPRXV SURYHUE

0DQ LV DOZD\V GHVLURXV RI WKRVH WKLQJV WKDW KH LV SURKLELWHG IURP

+DGKUDW 0DULIDW

0RXODQD +DT

6KDK WKH

:DVLXOODK FKDSWHU RI

6DKLE 7KH FRUUHFW

LQ SDWK

KLV VD\V

ERRN WKDW

XQGHU

+DGKUDW 6KDK :DOLXOODK 6DKLE

LQ KLV ERRN +XMDWXOOODKLO

%DDOLJDK KDV LQFOXGHG D VSHFLDO FKDSWHU RQ OHQLHQF\ +H TXRWHV WKH $\DDK RI WKH 4XUDDQ



)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH 6R LW LV WKURXJK WKH PHUF\ IURP $OODK , WKDW \RX DUH JHQWOH WR WKHP +DG \RX EHHQ URXJK DQG KDUG KHDUWHG WKH\ ZRXOG KDYH GLVSHUVHG IURP DURXQG \RX

)URP WKLV $D\DK ZH OHDUQ WKDW WKH TXDOLWLHV RI VRIWQHVV DQG NLQGQHVV ZKLFK IRUPHG SDUW RI WKH DNKODDT RU WKH FKDUDFWHU RI 1DEL U ZHUH EOHVVHG WR KLP RXW RI WKH PHUF\ RI $OODK , +DG KH EHHQ KDUG LQ KLV WHDFKLQJ DQG JXLGDQFH WKHQ WKHUH ZRXOG KDYH EHHQ D ORW RI GLIILFXOW\ DQG KDUGVKLS IRU WKH 6DKDDEDK \ WR EHQHILW IURP KLV EOHVVLQJV DQG EDUDNDK +HQFH $OODK , FUHDWHG 1DEL U ZLWK D QREOH WHPSHUDPHQW VR DV WR PDNH PDWWHUV HDV\ IRU KLV IROORZHUV DV KDV EHHQ VWDWHG LQ WKH +RO\ 4XUDDQ

$OODK , LQWHQGV HDVH IRU \RX DQG +H GRHV QRW LQWHQG IRU \RX DQ\ GLIILFXOW\

1DEL U KDV DOVR PHQWLRQHG LQ D +DGLWK WKDW 'HHQ LV HDV\ ,Q DQRWKHU +DGLWK LW LV VWDWHG WKDW

<RX KDYH EHHQ VHQW WR PDNH WKLQJV HDV\ DQG QRW WR PDNH WKLQJV GLIILFXOW

$OODK , KLPVHOI KDV LQWHQGHG WR PDNH 'HHQ HDV\ DQG VLPSOH DQG KDV VHQW 1DEL U DV D PHUF\ WR WKH ZRUOGV +HQFH 1DEL U LQ DOO PDWWHUV KDG DGRSWHG D VWDQFH RI OHQLHQF\ HVSHFLDOO\ LQ PDWWHUV RI 'HHQ 1DEL U KDG FRPPDQGHG WKH 8PPDK WR EH VRIW DQG OHQLHQW :KR FDQ QRZ KDYH WKH FRXUDJH QRW WR DGRSW D VRIW DQG OHQLHQW DSSURDFK LQ DOO WKHLU PDWWHUV"

)RU WKLV UHDVRQ LW LV QHFHVVDU\ IRU WKRVH ZKR DUH LQYROYHG LQ WHDFKLQJ 'HHQ WR EH VRIW DQG OHQLHQW



)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH +DGKUDW 6XPDDPDK ELQ 8VDDO W ZKR ZDV WKH OHDGHU RI <DPDDPDK DFFHSWHG ,VODP EDVHG RQ WKH VRIWQHVV SRUWUD\HG E\ 1DEL U >)RU

GHWDLOV UHIHU WR 0LVKNDDW 6KDUHHI 7KH FKDSWHU RQ FDSWLYHV@

+DGKUDW 6KDK $EGXO $]L] 6DKLE 0XKDGGLV 'HKODZL

ZDV

RQFH WHDFKLQJ LQ WKH 0XVMLG 2QH VWXGHQW LQ VSLWH RI WKH QHHG WR PDNH JKXVDO VWLOO FDPH WR WKH 0XVMLG RXW RI IHDU WKDW 6KDK 6DKLE ZLOO EH DQJU\ ZLWK KLP LI KH ZDV ODWH $V VRRQ DV WKH VWXGHQW UHDFKHG WKH GRRU RI WKH 0XVMLG 6KDK 6DKLE JODQFHG DW KLP DQG SHUFHLYHG KLV MDQDDEDW LPSXULW\ +H VWRSSHG WKH VWXGHQW DW WKH GRRU RI WKH 0XVMLG DQG HQGHG WKH OHVVRQV IRU WKH GD\

+H WKHQ DQQRXQFHG 7RGD\ ZH VKDOO JR IRU DQ RXWLQJ 7DNH \RXU NLWDDEV ZLWK \RX :H VKDOO FRQWLQXH ZLWK RXU OHVVRQV ZKHUHYHU ZH DUH 7KLV VWXGHQW DOVR MRLQHG WKH UHVW RI KH FODVV +DGKUDW 6KDK 6DKLE WRRN WKHP DORQJ WR WKH -DPQD 5LYHU WR UHOD[ :KHQ HYHU\RQH UHDFKHG WKH ULYHU 6KDK 6DKLE H[SUHVVHG KLV GHVLUH WR WDNH D EDWK

6XEVHTXHQWO\ DOO WKH VWXGHQWV IROORZHG VXLW LQFOXGLQJ WKH VWXGHQW ZKR ZDV LQ QHHG RI D EDWK 7KHUHDIWHU 6KDK 6DKLE FRQWLQXHG ZLWK VDEDTV )URP WKLV LQFLGHQW ZH FDQ LPDJLQH WKH H[WHQW WR ZKLFK WKLV SUDFWLFDO SRUWUD\DO RI ZLVGRP PXVW KDYH DIIHFWHG WKLV VWXGHQW

7KH LQFLGHQW RI .KZDDMDK 6KDPV XO 0DOLN 8VWDDGK RI .KZDDMDK 1L]DDPXGGHHQ $ZOL\D

ZKR ZDV WKH LV YHU\

IDPRXV ,Q 7DDUHHNK 'DZDW ZD $]HHPDW LW LV UHFRUGHG WKDW LI DQ\ VWXGHQW VWD\HG DEVHQW IURP KLV FODVV KH ZRXOG ORYLQJO\ DGGUHVV WKHP VD\LQJ :KDW KDUP KDYH , GRQH WR \RX WKDW \RX DUH QRW DWWHQGLQJ FODVVHV" %\ OLVWHQLQJ WR WKHVH ZRUGV ZKLFK VWXGHQW ZRXOG QRW PHOW DQG ZKR ZRXOG KDYH WKH FRXUDJH WR FRPPLW VXFK D FULPH LQ WKH IXWXUH"

7KLV ZDV WKH ORYH DQG XSEULQJLQJ WKH\ DGRSWHG &RQVHTXHQWO\ WKH VWXGHQWV RI WKH SDVW ZHUH SUHSDUHG WR VDFULILFH HYHU\WKLQJ IRU WKHLU $VDDWL]D 

)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH 7KH DXWKRU RI 5DKPDWXO OLO 0XWDOOLPHHQ ZULWHV WKDW LI \RX ZLVK WR DGYLVH D VWXGHQW IRU DQ\ PLVGHHG ZKLFK LI GLVFORVHG KH ZLOO IHHO DVKDPHG RI WKHQ DGYLVH KLP LQ WKH TXLHW 7KHUHDIWHU WKH VDPH DGYLFH FDQ EH JLYHQ JHQHUDOO\ WR DOO WKH VWXGHQWV ZLWKRXW H[SRVLQJ WKH

LGHQWLW\ RI WKDW VWXGHQW ,Q WKLV ZD\ KH ZLOO QRW EH DVKDPHG DQG RWKHUV ZLOO DOVR EHQHILW

,Q PDWWHUV RI WDUEL\DW JXLGDQFH VWXGHQWV VKRXOG EH PDGH WR KHDU WKH LQFLGHQWV RI WKH 6DODIH6DDOLKHHQ 7KLV LV H[WUHPHO\ EHQHILFLDO ,W LV D SLW\ WKDW QR DWWHQWLRQ LV JLYHQ WR WKLV LQ WKH 0DGDDULV ([SHULHQFH EHDUV WHVWLPRQ\ WKDW WR UHFWLI\ WKH FRQGLWLRQ RI DQ\ VWXGHQW WKLV

PHWKRG KDV SURYHQ WR EH YHU\ HIIHFWLYH

, >WKH DXWKRU@ ZDV WHDFKLQJ LQ 0DGUDVDK ,VODDPL\DDK LQ )DWHKSRRU 2QFH DW WKH DQQXDO JUDGXDWLRQ MDOVD P\ 8VWDDGK +DGKUDW 6KLHNXO +DGLWK 0RXODQD =DNDULD ZDV SUHVHQW ,Q RQH RI KLV VLWWLQJV

KH DGYLVHG 0RXODQD $EGXUDKPDQ -DDPL DQG P\VHOI VD\LQJ %RWK RI \RX DUH P\ VWXGHQWV WKHUHIRUH , DP DGGUHVVLQJ \RX 'XULQJ WKH

OHVVRQ QR PDWWHU ZKDW NLWDDE LW PD\ EH VRPH DVSHFW FRQFHUQLQJ WKH UHIRUPDWLRQ RI WKH VWXGHQWV PXVW EH PHQWLRQHG *HQHUDOO\ WKH

8VWDDGKV GR QRW SD\ PXFK DWWHQWLRQ WR WKLV DV D UHVXOW RI ZKLFK WKH FKDUDFWHU RI WKH VWXGHQWV LV VSRLOW

+DGKUDW

0RXODQD

1RPDQL

KDV

ZULWWHQ

WKDW

ZKLOVW

WKH

VWXGHQWV DUH LQ WKH 0DGUDVDK HIIRUW VKRXOG EH PDGH LQ WKH OLQH RI WDUEL\DW $W WKH YHU\ OHDVW WKHLU DWWHQWLRQV VKRXOG EH WXUQHG WRZDUGV VRPH 'HHQL RFFXSDWLRQ 7KH PLQLPXP UHTXLUHPHQW LV WR LQVWLOO WKH YDOXH RI 'HHQ LQWR WKH PLQGV DQG KHDUWV RI WKH VWXGHQWV 0DQ\ D WLPH \RX ZLOO ILQG VWXGHQWV VWXG\LQJ IRU IRXU WR VL[ \HDUV DW RXU 0DGDDULV DQG IRU VRPH UHDVRQ WKH\ OHDYH WKH 0DGUDVDK *HQHUDOO\ WKHVH

VWXGHQWV OHDYH EHFDXVH QRW HQRXJK HIIRUW LV PDGH RQ WKHP

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD H[SODLQV KLV SHUVRQDO H[SHULHQFH ZKLFK KDSSHQHG VRPH WKLUW\ \HDUV DJR +H VD\V WKDW WKRVH VWXGHQWV ZKR OHIW 0DGUDVDK 

)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH ZLWKRXW TXDOLI\LQJ QR VLJQ RI 'HHQ UHPDLQHG ZLWK WKHP 7KLV ZDV EHFDXVH WKH FRUUHFW WDUEL\DW ZDV QRW GRQH 1RZDGD\V HYHQ DIWHU VSHQGLQJ WHQ WR ILIWHHQ \HDUV LQ 0DGUDVDK WKHUH LV QR VLJQ RI ,OP NQRZOHGJH ZLWKLQ WKHP 6RPH VWXGHQWV JR WR WKLV H[WHQW WKDW DIWHU TXDOLI\LQJ WKH\ VWLOO GRQW UHDOLVH WKHLU UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV 7KH\ KDYH QR FRQVFLRXVQHVV RI WKH HIIHFW ZKLFK WKHLU ZURQJ EHKDYLRXU KDV RQ RWKHU VWXGHQWV DQG WKH JHQHUDO PDVVHV 7KLV EHKDYLRXU RI WKHLUV FDXVHV

GLVOLNH DQG GLVUHVSHFW WR WKH SHRSOH RI NQRZOHGJH

7KHUH LV QR IHDU RI DFFRXQWDELOLW\ WR $OODK , 7KH HQG UHVXOW QHHG QRW EH H[SODLQHG +RZ FDQ WKH ,VODDK UHIRUPDWLRQ RI VXFK SHRSOH EH PDGH" 7KH GRRU RI HYLO DQG FRUUXSWLRQ WKDW LV RSHQHG EHFRPHV YHU\ GLIILFXOW WR FORVH $OO WKLV LV WKH FXOPLQDWLRQ RI QRW SD\LQJ DWWHQWLRQ WR WKH WDUEL\DW RI VWXGHQWV

*HQHUDOO\ WKH 0DGDDULV GRQW JLYH GXH UHJDUG WR WDUEL\DW )RU GD\V RQ HQG 8VWDDGKV ZLOO KDYH OHQJWK\ OHVVRQV RQ DVSHFWV RI 4,5$$7
.+$/)$/ ,0$$0 $$0((1 %,/ -$+$$5 5$)$ <$'$$<1 HWF

+RZHYHU

QRW HQRXJK DWWHQWLRQ LV JLYHQ WR H[SODLQLQJ WKH HYLOV RI VLQQLQJ WKH GHWULPHQW LW FDXVHV WR RQHV 'HHQ DQG 'XQ\D DQG WKH H[FHOOHQW

TXDOLWLHV WKDW D SHUVRQ RI ,OP NQRZOHGJH RXJKW WR GLVSOD\

1RZDGD\V

WKH

FRQGLWLRQ

RI

WKH

SULQFLSDO

DQG

WKH

WUXVWHHV

RI

WKH

0DGUDVDK DUH VXFK WKDW LI WKH\ DUH XSVHW ZLWK DQ\ VWXGHQW WKHQ WKH\ RSW IRU WKH HDVLHVW RSWLRQ DQG H[SHO KLP 7KLV LV QRW WKH PRVW

DSSURSULDWH VROXWLRQ

1R RQH UHJDUGV D SHUVRQ WR EH LQWHOOLJHQW ZKR FXWV RII KLV OLPEV GXH WR VRUHV HUXSWLQJ IURP WKHP 7KH SURSHU WKLQJ WR GR LV WR WUHDW LW DQG ZKHQ LW KHDOV WR XWLOLVH LW <HV LI >$OODK IRUELG@ WKDW OLPE KDV EHHQ DIIHFWHG ZLWK VXFK D GLVHDVH ZKHUHE\ WKH ZKROH ERG\ ZLOO EH DIIHFWHG

SHUWDLQLQJ WR FHUWDLQ ILTKL LVVXHV *HQHUDOO\ WKH $VDDWL]DK JLYH OHQJWK\ GLVFXVVLRQV LQ WKLV UHJDUG ZKLFK ODVW IRU ZHHNV DW WLPHV

7KHVH DUH GLIIHUHQFHV RI RSLQLRQ WKDW WRRN SODFH EHWZHHQ WKH IRXU ,PDDPV



)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH WKHQ LW VKRXOG EH VHSDUDWHG IURP WKH ERG\ UHVXOWLQJ LQ WKH ZKROH ERG\ EHLQJ VDYHG ,Q WKH VDPH PDQQHU LI WKHUH LV DQ\ HYLO LQ D VWXGHQW WKHQ WDFWIXOO\ DQG LI ZLWK QR ZLVGRP UHDVRQDEOH HIIRUW VKRXOG EH PDGH WR UHPRYH RQO\ LW

7KHUHDIWHU

PHWKRG

SURYHV

HIIHFWLYH

WKHQ

VKRXOG WKDW VWXGHQW EH UHPRYHG

7KH DXWKRULWLHV LQ PDQ\ LQVWLWXWLRQV ODFN VXIILFLHQW LQWHOOLJHQFH DQG WKH\ H[HFXWH WKH XOWLPDWH SXQLVKPHQW WR WKH VWXGHQWV DW WKH YHU\

RXWVHW IRU WKHLU RZQ HDVH 7KH HIIHFW RI WKLV LQFRUUHFW SURFHGXUH LV WKDW WKRXVDQGV RI VWXGHQWV DUH GHSULYHG ZKHUHDV ZLWK D OLWWOH HIIRUW DQG JXLGDQFH IURP WKH WHDFKLQJV RI 1DEL U WKH\ FRXOG KDYH EHHQ UHIRUPHG

7KH\

FRXOG RI

KDYH WKH

EHFRPH

JRRG IRU

H[DPSOHV WKHLU RZQ

IRU HDVH

WKH DQG

XPPDW GXH WR

7KH WKHLU

DXWKRULWLHV

0DGUDVDK

LJQRUDQFH DFW LUUDWLRQDOO\ 7KH IDFW RI WKH PDWWHU LV WKDW WKH\ ODFN WDFW DQG NQRZOHGJH LQ WKLV ILHOG WKHUHE\ GHSULYLQJ WKHVH VWXGHQWV RI WKLV JUHDW ZHDOWK RI ,OP

7KLV KHDY\ KDQGHG DWWLWXGH ZDV QHYHU WKH ZD\ RI 1DEL U DQG QHLWKHU WKH PHWKRG RI RXU SLRXV SUHGHFHVVRUV

7KH DXWKRU RI 5DKPXW XO OLO PXWDOOLPHHQ LQ WKH FKDSWHU RQ HWLTXHWWHV IRU WHDFKHUV ZULWHV WKDW LI DQ\ VWXGHQW GRHV VRPHWKLQJ FRQWUDU\ WR WKH 8VWDDGKV WHPSHUDPHQW WKHQ KH VKRXOG FRQVLGHU WKDW LW LV EHFDXVH RI WKLV VWXGHQW WKDW KH LV EHQHILWLQJ JUHDWO\ LQ WKH VHUYLFH RI 'HHQ 7KH 8VWDDGK VKRXOG IRUJLYH WKH VWXGHQW %\ IRUJLYLQJ KLP WKH 8VWDDGK ZLOO JDLQ WKH FORVHQHVV RI $OODK ,

2QFH D SHUVRQ FDOOHG +DGKUDW 0RXODQD ,VPDLO 6KDKHHG KDUDPL SHUVRQ ERUQ WKURXJK ]LQD +DGKUDW 0RXODQD

D H[SODLQHG

NLQGO\ %URWKHU \RX DUH PLVWDNHQ , DP QRW D KDUDPL 7KH ZLWQHVVHV WR P\ SDUHQWV QLNDK DUH VWLOO DOLYH 0RXODQD UHVSRQGHG FDOPO\ ZLWKRXW ORVLQJ KLV WHPSHU 7KLV REYLRXVO\ ZRXOG KDYH KDG D



)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH SURIRXQG HIIHFW RQ WKH FODLPDQW DQG WKH SHRSOH ZKR ZHUH LQ

DWWHQGDQFH

2Q RQH RFFDVLRQ VRPH SHRSOH FDOOHG D SLRXV SHUVRQ D IUDXG DQG D IDNH 7KH PXUHHGV GLVFLSOHV ZHUH LQFHQVHG DQG ZDQWHG WR DVVDXOW WKLV SHUVRQ IRU WKLV GHIDPDWLRQ 7KLV SLRXV SHUVRQ FRPPDQGHG WKHP WR OHDYH KLP DQG QRW WR UHVSRQG 7KHUHDIWHU KH WRRN WKHP KRPH DQG VKRZHG WKHP D ORW RI OHWWHUV ZKHUHLQ ELJ WLWOHV ZHUH DWWULEXWHG WR KLP +H WKHQ WROG KLV PXUHHGV GLVFLSOHV <RX JRW DQJU\ ZLWK WKH RQH ZKR FDOOHG PH D IDNH EHFDXVH \RX EHOLHYHG WKDW KH VSRNH ZURQJO\ DERXW PH 1RZ \RX VKRXOG JHW DQJU\ ZLWK WKHVH SHRSOH DV ZHOO

EHFDXVH WKH\ WRR KDYH VSRNHQ ZURQJO\ DERXW PH

+DGKUDW $OL W ZDV RQFH HQJDJHG LQ EDWWOH +H ZDV DERXW WR NLOO WKH HQHP\ ZKHQ WKLV SHUVRQ VSDW RQ KLV IDFH +DGKUDW $OL W VSDUHG KLP :KHQ KH ZDV DVNHG WKH UHDVRQ IRU KLV DFWLRQ KH UHSOLHG ,QLWLDOO\ , ZDV JRLQJ WR NLOO KLP IRU WKH VDNH RI $OODK , $IWHU KH VSDW LQ P\ IDFH , IHDUHG WKDW , ZRXOG NLOO KLP JLYLQJ YHQW WR P\ DQJHU

7KH 8VWDDGK VKRXOG NHHS KLV KHDUW FOHDQ DQG SXUH DW DOO WLPHV +H VKRXOG QRW JHW XSVHW ZLWK DQ\ VWXGHQW DV WKLV FRXOG OHDG KLP WR KDUERU LOO IHHOLQJV WRZDUGV WKDW VWXGHQW :LWK VXFK D VWDQFH RQHV RSLQLRQV DQG GHFLVLRQV FDQ EH QHJDWLYHO\ DIIHFWHG

3HRSOH OLNH WKLV FDQ HDVLO\ EHFRPH WKH HPERGLPHQW RI WKH HVVHQFH FRQWDLQHG LQ WKH IROORZLQJ OLQHV

,W LV LQFXPEHQW WR NHHS RXU KHDUWV OLNH PLUURUV ,W LV NXIU WR HQWHUWDLQ LOO IHHOLQJV LQ WKLV SDWK

$OZD\V

WKLQN

WKDW

WKHVH

VWXGHQWV

KDYH

EHHQ

HQWUXVWHG

WR

PH

%\

PDNLQJ DQ HIIRUW RQ WKHP DQG FRUUHFWLQJ WKHLU ZD\V , ZLOO JDLQ WKH FORVHQHVV RI $OODK , 7KH\ ZLOO EHQHILW PH LQ WKH KHUHDIWHU 7KURXJK WKH VWXGHQWV $OODK , EOHVVHV WKH 8VWDDGK LPPHQVHO\ 0DQ\ D WLPH $OODK , LQVSLUHV WKH KHDUW RI WKH 8VWDDGK EHFDXVH RI WKH VWXGHQW 

)RXUWK HWLTXHWWH

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD 6KDK

0XKDPPHG ,VKDDT

XVHG WR VD\

DERXW KLV VWXGHQW 4DUL $EGXU 5DKHHP 6DKLE 0XKDGGLWK H 3DQL 3DWWL WKDW , WDXJKW KLP WKH ZRUGV RI WKH $KDDGLWK EXW WKH URRK VRXO RI WKH $KDDGLWK , JDLQHG IURP KLP +H ZRXOG H[SHULHQFH WKDW ZKLOVW SUHSDULQJ WKH QH[W GD\V OHVVRQ KH ZRXOG QRW EH DEOH WR

XQGHUVWDQG FHUWDLQ DVSHFWV RI D OHVVRQ EXW ZKLOVW WHDFKLQJ WKH OHVVRQ KH ZRXOG XQGHUVWDQG LW YHU\ HDVLO\ 7KLV LV GXH WR WKH EDUDNDK

EOHVVLQJV RI WKH VWXGHQW

, WKH DXWKRU KDYH KHDUG PDQ\ D WLPH IURP P\ 8VWDDGKV WKDW LW LV D JUHDW IDYRXU RI RXU VWXGHQWV XSRQ XV WKDW ZH DUH HQJDJHG LQ LPSDUWLQJ NQRZOHGJH DQG ZH DUH DEOH WR VHUYH 'HHQ +DG LW QRW EHHQ IRU WKHP ZH FDQW LPDJLQH ZKDW RFFXSDWLRQ ZH ZRXOG KDYH EHHQ LQYROYHG LQ /HW DORQH EHLQJ LQYROYHG LQ VHUYLQJ 'HHQ LW ZRXOG KDYH EHHQ

GLIILFXOW WR HYHQ SHUIRUP RXU VDODDK SXQFWXDOO\

2QFH WKH IDXOWV RI FHUWDLQ VWXGHQWV ZHUH SXW IRUZDUG WR P\ 8VWDDGK +DGKUDW 0XIWL 0DKPRRG +DVDQ 6DKLE DQG LW ZDV H[SUHVVHG UHSO\ WR

WKDW DOO KRSH ZDV ORVW LQ WKHLU UHJDUG +DGKUDWV

WKHP ZDV :H ZLOO KDYH WR FRQWLQXH ZLWK WKH ZRUN LQ VSLWH DOO RI WKLV ,Q WKLV WKHUH LV :H JRRG IRU XV 7KHUH WKDW LV D ORW RI ILWQDK LQ RWKHU VXFK

RFFXSDWLRQV

VKRXOG

KRSH

IURP

WKHP

ZLOO

HPHUJH

VWXGHQWV ZKRP $OODK , ZLOO XVH IRU WKH UHIRUPDWLRQ RI WKH 8PPDK 7KLV ZLOO EH D PHDQV RI VDOYDWLRQ IRU XV



)LIWK HWLTXHWWH

)LIWK HWLTXHWWH

.HHSLQJ LQ PLQG WKH WLPH RI WKH VWXGHQWV

7KH 8VWDDGK VKRXOG ILUVW HQTXLUH IURP WKH VWXGHQWV KRZ PXFK RI WLPH LV DW WKHLU GLVSRVDO 7KHUHDIWHU KH VKRXOG PDNH WKH QHFHVVDU\

DUUDQJHPHQWV IRU WKHLU OHVVRQV ,I WKH\ KDYH OHVV WLPH WKHQ KH VKRXOG QRW ELQG WKHP WR WKH V\OODEXV 5DWKHU KH VKRXOG WHDFK WKHP VXFK ERRNV ZKHUHE\ WKH\ ZRXOG EH DEOH WR GLVWLQJXLVK EHWZHHQ KDODDO DQG KDUDDP EHFRPH SHUPLVVLEOH IDPLOLDU ZLWK DQG LPSHUPLVVLEOH FKDUDFWHU WKXV :LWK HQDEOLQJ WKLV LQ WKHP WR

,VODPLF

PLQG

WKRVH

NLWDDEV ZKLFK WKH VWXGHQWV XQGHUVWDQG VKRXOG EH WDXJKW WR WKHP LQ WKHLU ODQJXDJH ,W LV QRW QHFHVVDU\ WKDW KH EH WDXJKW LQ $UDELF RQO\ :KHQ UHDGLQJ WKH ELRJUDSKLHV RI RXU SLRXV HOGHUV ZH ILQG WKDW WKHVH HOGHUV WRRN LQWR FRQVLGHUDWLRQ VXFK PDWWHUV .HHSLQJ LQ PLQG WKH DYDLODELOLW\ RI WLPH DQG FDSDELOLW\ RI HYHU\ VWXGHQW WKH\ WDXJKW WKHP DFFRUGLQJO\ DQG JUDGXDOO\ GUHZ WKH VWXGHQWV WR WKH VHUYLFH RI 'HHQ :KHUHYHU WKH\ ZHQW WKH\ QHYHU EXUGHQHG DQ\RQH ZLWK LVVXHV

SHUWDLQLQJ WR WKHLU ZDJHV 7KH\ ZRUNHG ZLWK WRWDO UHOLDQFH RQ $OODK , 7KLV UHVXOWHG LQ FRXQWULHV EHLQJ VDWLDWHG WKURXJK WKHP

0\ 8VWDDGK 0RXODQD $PHHQXG 'HHQ

6DKLE 3DQL 3DWWL  2QFH

VWXGLHG XQGHU 0RXODQD $EGXV 6DODDP 6DKLE $QVDDUL

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD $EGXV 6DODDP 6DKLE YLVLWHG 0RXODQD $PHHQXG 'HHQ 6DKLEV KRPHWRZQ 7KH SHRSOH RI WKH ORFDOLW\ UHTXHVWHG WKH VHUYLFHV RI DQ 8VWDDGK WR WHDFK WKH FKLOGUHQ RI WKH ORFDOLW\ 7KH\ IHOW WKDW 0RXODQD $PHHQXG 'HHQ 6DKLE ZDV PRVW DSSURSULDWH

IRU WKLV +DGKUDW UHPDLQHG LQ GHHS WKRXJKW IRU D ZKLOH 7KHUHDIWHU KH PHQWLRQHG %KDL $PHHQXG 'HHQ \RX KDYH QRZ DWWDLQHG HQRXJK ,OP 7KLV LV VXIILFLHQW IRU \RX 1RZ LW LV QHFHVVDU\ IRU \RX WR LPSDUW



)LIWK HWLTXHWWH LW DQG VHUYH 'HHQ $OODK , ZLOO EHVWRZ \RX ZLWK NQRZOHGJH LQ VRPH RWKHU ZD\

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD $PHHQXG 'HHQ 6DKLE

EHJDQ WHDFKLQJ DQG

VHUYHG WKH SHRSOH RI KLV ORFDOLW\ 7KH HIIHFW RI +DGKUDW 0RXODQD $EGXV 6DODDPV GXDV ZDV WKDW ZKRVRHYHU VWXGLHG XQGHU +DGKUDW

0RXODQD $PHHQXG 'HHQ 6DKLE ZDV QHYHU GHSULYHG +H VSHFLDOL]HG LQ 0DVQDZL 6KDUHHI QDPH RI D ERRN ZKLFK KH WDXJKW LQ D YHU\ XQLTXH PDQQHU 7KRVH ZKR OLVWHQHG WR KLV OHVVRQV H[SHULHQFHG D

VWURQJ IHHOLQJ RI KDSSLQHVV ZLWKLQ WKHP +H ZDV DQ H[WUHPHO\ VRIW QDWXUHG SHUVRQ

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD $PHHQXG 'HHQ 6DKLE

QHYHU DVNHG DQ\RQH

IRU DQ\ RI KLV QHHGV :KDWHYHU ZDV JLYHQ WR KLP KH UHPDLQHG FRQWHQW ZLWK LW 2XWZDUGO\ KH ORRNHG OLNH D ULFK SHUVRQ EXW LQ DFWXDO IDFW KH RZQHG QRWKLQJ EHVLGH TDEDU ZLWK QRRU KLV EDUH QHFHVVLWLHV 0D\ $OODK , ILOO KLV

,W ZRXOG EH YHU\ EHQHILFLDO LI KLV ELRJUDSK\ LV FRPSLOHG 7KLV ZRXOG EHQHILW WKH SHRSOH HVSHFLDOO\ WKRVH ZKR DUH LQYROYHG LQ WKH

0DGDDULV

+DGKUDW +DNHHPXO 8PPDW

KDV GUDZQ XS D V\OODEXV NHHSLQJ

LQ PLQG WKRVH ZKR KDYH OHVV WLPH DW KDQG 7KH\ VKRXOG VWXG\ LW DQG LQYROYH WKHPVHOYHV LQ WKH HIIRUW RI 'HHQ



6L[WK HWLTXHWWH

6L[WK HWLTXHWWH

$YRLG PHQWLRQLQJ WKH IDXOWV RI RWKHUV LQ IURQW RI WKH VWXGHQWV

7KH 8VWDDGKV VKRXOG H[SODLQ WR WKHLU VWXGHQWV WKH EHQHILWV RI ,OP NQRZOHGJH 7KH\ VKRXOG QRW VSHDN LOO RI RWKHU 8VWDDGKV QRU RI WKH VXEMHFWV WKH\ DUH WHDFKLQJ XQOHVV WKDW VXEMHFW LV LPSHUPLVVLEOH 7KLV VLFNQHVV KDV EHFRPH YHU\ FRPPRQ QRZDGD\V WKDW ZKRPVRHYHU KDV DWWDLQHG VRPH GHJUHH RI SURILFLHQF\ LQ D FHUWDLQ ILHOG WHQGV WR VSHDN LOO RI SHRSOH LQYROYHG LQ RWKHU ILHOGV 7KH UHVXOW RI WKLV LV WKDW QR UHVSHFW UHPDLQV LQ WKH PLQGV RI WKHVH VWXGHQWV IRU DQ\ NLQG RI ,OP NQRZOHGJH QRU IRU DQ\ 8VWDDGK 7KHUHDIWHU WKH\ VWXG\ RQO\ EHFDXVH WKH\ DUH IRUFHG WR ,Q WKH IXWXUH ZKLFKHYHU OLQH WKH\ FKRRVH WR

IROORZ WKH\ IHHO WKDW WKH DWWDLQPHQW RI ,OP NQRZOHGJH LV PHUHO\ DQ RFFXSDWLRQ DQG LQ WKLV IUDPH RI PLQG WKH\ SDVV WKHLU WLPH LQ WKH 0DGUDVDK

7KH\ WKHQ GR QRW WUHDW ,OP ZLWK WKH SDVVLRQ WKH\ VKRXOG ,QVWHDG WKH\ IHHO DV WKRXJK WKH\ KDYH ZDVWHG WKHLU WLPH DW 0DGUDVDK DQG WKH\ PRFN WKRVH ZKR DUH LQYROYHG LQ LW 0DQ\ SHRSOH KDYH QDUUDWHG VXFK LQFLGHQWV , P\VHOI NQRZ PDQ\ VXFK SHRSOH

)XUWKHUPRUH

QHYHU

HYHU

VSHDN

LOO

RI

WKH

DGPLQLVWUDWLRQ

DQG

WKH

SULQFLSDO LQ IURQW RI WKH VWXGHQWV ,I WKHUH DUH FHUWDLQ PDWWHUV WKDW QHHG UHFWLILFDWLRQ EH KRQHVW DQG LQ DQ DSSURSULDWH ZD\ FRXQFLO WKHP VR WKDW WKH\ PD\ FRUUHFW LW

6SHDNLQJ VXFK WKLQJV WR VWXGHQWV LV ZKDW LQFLWHV WKHP WRZDUGV VWULNHV DQG FUHDWLQJ GLVRUGHU ([SHULHQFH KDV VKRZQ WKDW ZKDWHYHU SUREOHPV RFFXU LQ WKH 0DGDDULV WKURXJK WKH VWXGHQWV RIWHQ WKH FDXVH LV VRPH LQFLWHPHQW E\ DQ 8VWDDGK



6L[WK HWLTXHWWH %DFNELWLQJ IULFWLRQ FDUU\LQJ WDOHV H[SRVLQJ LV RWKHUV +RZ IDXOWV FDQ DQG WKLV FDXVLQJ HYHU EH

EHWZHHQ

0XVOLPV

KDUDDP

SHUPLVVLEOH IRU 8ODPD DQG OHDGHUV VXUIDFH DQG 8VWDDGKV EHJLQ

RI 'HHQ" :KHQ LOO RI

WKHVH ZURQJV RQH DQRWKHU

VSHDNLQJ

FRQVHTXHQWO\ D YHU\ HYLO HIIHFW UXEV RII RQ WKH VWXGHQWV DV ZHOO DV RWKHUV FRQFHUQHG 7KHUHDIWHU ZKHQ WKH 8VWDDGKV HQGHDYRU WR UHFWLI\ WKH VLWXDWLRQ WKHLU ZRUGV KDYH QR HIIHFW RQ WKH KHDUWV RI VWXGHQWV ,PPHGLDWHO\ WKHLU SUHYLRXV DFWLRQV FRPH WR WKH PLQGV RI WKH VWXGHQWV

+RZ EHDXWLIXO DUH WKH WDONV RI WKH RUDWRUV IURP WKH PLPEDUV %XW ZKHQ WKH\ DUH DORQH WKHLU DFWLRQV DUH WRWDOO\ RSSRVLWH

$ODDPDK 6KDUDDQL

KDV ZULWWHQ WKDW WKH\ ZHUH PDGH WR WDNH

D SOHGJH WKDW LI VRPHRQH KDG WR SUDLVH DQ\ RI RXU FRQWHPSRUDULHV WKHQ ZH WRR ZRXOG SUDLVH KLP DFFRUGLQJO\ DQG ZH ZRXOG QRW FULWLFL]H KLP HYHQ WKRXJK WKHUH PD\ KDYH EHHQ VRPH GLIIHUHQFHV 7KH UHDVRQ IRU WKLV LV WKDW GHVSLWH KLV HYLO DFWLRQV DQG REMHFWLRQV LI ZH SUDLVHG KLP KH ZLOO GHILQLWHO\ VWRS KLV HYLO ZD\V ,Q WKLV PDQQHU ZH

RXUVHOYHV ZLOO UHIUDLQ IURP VLQQLQJ DQG ZLOO VDYH KLP DV ZHOO 7KLV SOHGJH LV ZRUWK EHLQJ ZULWWHQ LQ JROG

,I ZH SRQGHU RYHU WKH DFWLRQV RI WKH 8ODPD DQG WKH 6DDOLNHHQ SLRXV RI SUHYLRXV WLPHV ZH ZLOO UHDOLVH WR ZKDW H[WHQW ZH KDYH IDLOHG WR IROORZ WKHP

$ODV 7KH

7KLV VLFNQHVV KDV SHUPHDWHG LQWR WKH 0DGDDULV DQG .KDQTDDV FRQVHTXHQFHV RI LW DUH YHU\ FOHDU 7KHVH SODFHV ZKLFK ZHUH

UHJDUGHG DV WKH EHVW RI SODFHV KDYH WRGD\ EHFRPH WKH GRRUV RI HYLO DQG ILWQDK WKH VWHQFK RI ZKLFK HQFRPSDVVHV WKH HQWLUH ZRUOG 0D\ $OODK , SURWHFW XV DOO $DPHHQ



6HYHQWK HWLTXHWWH

6HYHQWK HWLTXHWWH

5HGXFLQJ WKH OHVVRQ WR WKH OHYHO RI WKH VWXGHQWV

:KHQ WHDFKLQJ WKH OHVVRQ WKH WHDFKHU VKRXOG UHIUDLQ IURP H[SODLQLQJ WKH OHVVRQ LQ D ZD\ WKDW LV EH\RQG WKH XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI WKH VWXGHQWV ,Q WKLV UHJDUG ZH VKRXOG IROORZ 5DVXOXOODK U 5DVXOXOODK U KDV VDLG :H KDYH EHHQ FRPPDQGHG WR UHJDUG SHRSOH DFFRUGLQJ WR WKHLU VWDWXV DQG VSHDN WR WKHP LQ DFFRUGDQFH WR WKHLU LQWHOOHFW DQG XQGHUVWDQGLQJ 1DEL U KDV DOVR PHQWLRQHG WKDW LI VRPHRQH KDV WR VD\ VRPHWKLQJ WR D JURXS RI SHRSOH ZKLFK FDQQRW EH XQGHUVWRRG E\ WKHP WKHQ WKLV FRXOG VWDUW RI D ILWQDK +DGKUDW $OL W RQFH SRLQWHG WR KLV FKHVW VD\LQJ 7KHUH LV D ORW RI NQRZOHGJH KHUH SURYLGHG WKHUH DUH WKRVH ZKR FDQ GLJHVW LW ,Q RWKHU ZRUGV KH ZRXOG QRW H[SUHVV KLV RSLQLRQV EHFDXVH WKHUH ZDV QR RQH ZKR KDG WKH DELOLW\ WR XQGHUVWDQG LW 1RZDGD\V LQ RUGHU WR VKRZ RII RQHV FDSDELOLWLHV VXFK H[SODQDWLRQV DUH JLYHQ WR WKH SULPDU\ FODVVHV WKDW WKH VWXGHQWV LQ WKH VHQLRU FODVVHV LQ WKH ILQDO \HDUV ZHOO KDYH GLIILFXOW\ LQ XQGHUVWDQGLQJ LW 7KH UHVXOW RI WKLV LV WKDW WKH VWXGHQWV GR QRW XQGHUVWDQG WKH PRUH LPSRUWDQW DVSHFWV RI WKH OHVVRQ DQG WKHUHIRUH FDQQRW EHQHILW IURP LW 7KH DXWKRU RI 5DKPDWXO OLO 0XWDOLPHHQ ZULWHV WKDW HYHU\ 8VWDDGK VKRXOG H[SODLQ WKH FUX[ RI WKH ERRN WR WKH VWXGHQWV 7KH QHZ WRSLFV VKRXOG EH H[SODLQHG DQG WKH VWXGHQWV VKRXOG EH PDGH WR WDNH QRWHV VR WKDW LW EHFRPHV HDV\ IRU WKHP WR OHDUQ WKH QHZ OHVVRQ ,PDDP 0DDOLN VD\V



6HYHQWK HWLTXHWWH

,W LV QRW DSSURSULDWH IRU DQ $DOLP WR VSHDN WR DQ\ RQH DERXW DQ\WKLQJ WKDW LV EH\RQG KLV XQGHUVWDQGLQJ

6KDK :DOLXOODK

ZULWHV LQ +XMDWXOODK KLO EDDOLJDK

.QRZOHGJH ZKLFK LV PHDQW IRU WKH ILQDO \HDU VWXGHQWV VKRXOG QRW EH H[SODLQHG WR WKH EHJLQQHUV ,QVWHDG EHIRUH WHDFKLQJ WKH GHHSHU DVSHFWV RI ,OP WKH EDVLF DVSHFWV VKRXOG EH WDXJKW WR WKH EHJLQQHUV DQG WKHLU WDUEL\DW VKRXOG EH PDGH

+DGKUDW 0RXODQD 0DQ]RRU 1RPDDQL

KDV ZULWWHQ LQ KLV

ERRN 0\ OLIH H[SHULHQFH WKDW ILYH \HDUV RI P\ OLIH ZDV ZDVWHG LQ WKLV ZD\ , ZDV WDXJKW VXFK WKLQJV ZKLFK ZHUH EH\RQG P\

XQGHUVWDQGLQJ

,Q DQRWKHU SODFH KH KDV ZULWWHQ , UHPHPEHU PDQ\ RI P\ IHOORZ VWXGHQWVIURP $VDDWL]D ZKR P\ SUHOLPLQDU\ WKHUH MXVW \HDUV WR 7KH\ WKHLU VWXGLHG GXWLHV XQGHU 'XH WR VXFK WKHLU

ZHUH

IXOILOO

LQDSSURSULDWH PDQQHU RI WHDFKLQJ  WR  \HDUV SDVVHG E\ ZLWKRXW DQ\ DFDGHPLF EHQHILW (YHQWXDOO\ WKH VWXGHQWV OHIW

'HVSLWH WKHP VWD\LQJ IRU VXFK D ORQJ WLPH LQ 0DGUDVDK WKH\ OHDUQW DEVROXWHO\ QRWKLQJ ,Q WKH VDPH ZD\ WKHUH KDYH EHHQ KXQGUHGV LI QRW WKRXVDQGV RI VWXGHQWV ZKR PLJKW KDYH SDVVHG WKHLU WLPH LQ WKHVH W\SH RI 0DGDDULV ZLWKRXW KDYLQJ OHDUQW D WKLQJ , DP FHUWDLQ WKDW WKRVH YHU\ VWXGHQWV KDG WKH\ EHHQ WDXJKW ZLWK XQGHUVWDQGLQJ DQG WDFW

PRUH WKDQ KDOI RI WKHLU WDOHHP FRXOG KDYH EHHQ FRPSOHWH LQ WKRVH GD\V DQG WKH\ ZRXOG KDYH FRPSOHWHG WKHLU VWXGLHV EHIRUH OHDYLQJ 0DGUDVDK 

(LJKWK HWLTXHWWH

(LJKWK HWLTXHWWH

,Q WKH EHVW LQWHUHVW RI WKH VWXGHQWV

,I D VWXGHQW WKHUH ZLVKHV ZLOO WR WUDQVIHU VRPH WR DQRWKHU 0DGUDVDK IRU DQG E\ KLV WKH

WUDQVIHU

EH

DGGLWLRQDO

EHQHILW

KLP

WKHQ

8VWDDGK VKRXOG ZLOOLQJO\ DOORZ KLP WR JR 7KH 8VWDDGK VKRXOG QRW IRUFH KLP WR VWD\ PHUHO\ WR VKRZ WKH ODUJH QXPEHUV LQ KLV 0DGUDVDK DQG WKHUHE\ FUHDWH D IDOVH LPSUHVVLRQ WR WKH SXEOLF $ VWXGHQW FDQ QHYHU EHQHILW IURP D SODFH ZKHUH KLV KHDUW LV QRW DWWDFKHG (YHQWXDOO\ WKH VLWXDWLRQ ZLOO EHFRPH XQEHDUDEOH DQG KH ZLOO UXQ DZD\ IURP WKH 0DGUDVDK DQG TXLW KLV TXHVW IRU NQRZOHGJH 6XFK VLWXDWLRQV DUH

KDUPIXO WR VWXGHQWV

,Q WKH ILUVW LQVWDQFH D EDUULHU ZLOO EH FUHDWHG EHWZHHQ WKH VWXGHQW DQG KLV 8VWDDGK ZKHUHE\ KH ZLOO QHYHU EH DEOH WR EHQHILW

7KH

UHFWLILFDWLRQ

RI

WKH

8PPDW

ZKLFK

VWDUWV

IURP

FRUUHFW

UHODWLRQVKLS EHWZHHQ WKH 8VWDDGK DQG WKH VWXGHQW LV QRZ FORVHG 1RW RQO\ ZLOO WKH VWXGHQW IDLO WR WHDFK 'HHQ WR RWKHUV KH KLPVHOI ZLOO EH ZHDN LQ KLV RZQ SUDFWLFH

:KHQ 6XI\DDQ LEQ 8\D\QDK ,PDDP $EX +DQLID

FDPH WR KLV KRPH WRZQ .XID LQIRUPHG KLV VWXGHQWV WKDW D +DDIL] RI

WKH QDUUDWLRQV RI $PU ELQ 'LQDDU KDV FRPH *R WR KLP DQG WDNH EHQHILW 7KHUHDIWHU WKH VWXGHQWV RI ,PDDP 6DKLE ZHQW DQG OHDUQW IURP KLP +DGKUDW 6XI\DDQ VD\V WKDW WKH ILUVW SHUVRQ WR PDNH PH 7KLV LV DQ H[DPSOH

D 0XKDGGLWK ZDV ,PDDP $EX +DQLID

RI D VLQFHUH 8VWDDGK UHIHUULQJ KLV VWXGHQWV WR RWKHUV WR WDNH EHQHILW

+DGKUDW $EGXOODK 0X]DQL $DOLP LV VHUYLQJ 'HHQ IRU QDPH 

VD\V WKDW D VLJQ WR VKRZ WKDW DQ DQG IDPH LV WKDW KH ZLOO LQYLWH

(LJKWK HWLTXHWWH VWXGHQWV WR FRPH DQG VWXG\ XQGHU KLP 7KHUHDIWHU LI DQ\ VWXGHQW FRQVXOWV KLP UHJDUGLQJ JRLQJ DQG VWXG\LQJ VRPH ZKHUH HOVH KH WDNHV H[FHSWLRQ VLWXDWLRQV WR WKLV ,I KH LV VLQFHUH KH ZRXOG XQGHU EH KLP SOHDVHG RU DQ\ LQ DOO

ZKHWKHU

WKH

SHUVRQ

VWXGLHV

RWKHU

8VWDDGK )RU $OODKV , VDNH UHPHPEHU WKDW WKH REMHFW LV WR GR WKH ZRUN ,I LW LV PRUH EHQHILFLDO IRU D VWXGHQW WR UHPDLQ E\ KLP WKHQ KH VKRXOG SUHVHQW KLV RSLQLRQ

7KHUHDIWHU LI WKH VWXGHQW LV VWLOO SHUVLVWHQW RQ JRLQJ KH VKRXOG QRW EH VWRSSHG ,I WKHUH UHDOO\ LV EHQHILW LQ KLP JRLQJ HOVHZKHUH GXH WR WKH ODFN RI PHDQV DW WKH 0DGUDVDK RU SRVVLEO\ GXH WR WKH FRQGLWLRQV DW KRPH KH ZLVKHV WR JR IDU RII WKHQ LQ WKLV LQVWDQFH VWRSSLQJ KLP ZLOO UHVXOW LQ =XOP RSSUHVVLRQ DQG IRUHLJQ 3ODFLQJ KXUGOHV VKRZV LQ IURQW RI KLP E\

DVVLJQLQJ ORFDO

LQIOXHQFHV

WKDW

RXU SXUSRVH RI

WHDFKLQJ ZDV MXVW WR VKRZ RII WKH QXPEHUV DW RXU 0DGUDVDK ZKHQ JLYLQJ WKH \HDU HQG UHSRUWEDFN :H GRQW HYHQ WKLQN DERXW WKH

EHQHILW WR WKH VWXGHQWV

7KLV LV QRWKLQJ EXW RVWHQWDWLRQ ZKLFK LV KDUDDP -XVW DV LW LV IDUGK LQFXPEHQW WR UHIUDLQ IURP DOO RWKHU KDUDDP WKLQJV UHIUDLQLQJ IURP WKLV WRR LV LQFXPEHQW 7KLV W\SH RI VKRZLQJ RII KDV SHUPHDWHG VRFLHW\ WR VXFK DQ H[WHQW WKDW LWV HYLO LV DOVR IRXQG LQ RXU KHDUWV

:H FRYHU XS WKLV VLQ E\ HQVKURXGLQJ LW ZLWK JRRG LQWHUSUHWDWLRQV 6RPHRQH FRUUHFWO\ VWDWHG

<RX UHJDUG WKH JREOHW RI ZLQH WR EH KDUDDP ZKHUHDV VKRZLQJ RII LV SHUPLVVLEOH
+RZ EHDXWLIXO DUH WKH ODZV RI 6KDULDW DQG WKH SDWK RI 7DUHHTDW



1LQWK HWLTXHWWH

1LQWK HWLTXHWWH

6HUYLFH IURP VWXGHQWV

7KH JRRG IRUWXQH RI D VWXGHQW OLHV LQ VHUYLQJ KLV WHDFKHUV +RZHYHU WKH 8VWDDGKV VKRXOG H[HUFLVH JUHDW FDXWLRQ LQ WKLV UHJDUG :LWKRXW H[WUHPH QHFHVVLW\ KH VKRXOG QRW WDNH SHUVRQDO VHUYLFH IURP KLV

VWXGHQWV 2XW RI GLUH QHHG LI KH KDV VRPH ZRUN WR EH GRQH E\ WKH VWXGHQWV WKHQ KH VKRXOG FRPSHQVDWH WKHP LQ VRPH ZD\ ,Q RWKHU

ZRUGV KH VKRXOG QRW WDNH VXFK NKLGPDW IURP WKHP ZKLFK ZLOO DIIHFW WKHLU OHVVRQV

,W LV SRVVLEOH WKDW WKH VWXGHQW PD\ GLVOLNH GRLQJ DQ HUUDQG IRU WKH 8VWDDGK &RQVHTXHQWO\ D W\SH RI KDWUHG ZLOO EH VWLUUHG XS IRU WKH 8VWDDGK %HFDXVH RI WKLV HYHQ ZLWK VLQFHULW\ KH ZLOO QRW EH DEOH WR GR 'HHQL ZRUN

,W LV UHFRUGHG LQ WKH ELRJUDSK\ RI +DGKUDW 0RXODQD 4DDUL $EGXU 5DKPDDQ 6DKLE 3DQL 3DWWL WKDW RQFH KH ZURWH D FDUG DQG ZDV

ZDLWLQJ WR SRVW LW 2QH VWXGHQW RIIHUHG KLV VHUYLFHV VD\LQJ +DGKUDW JLYH LW WR PH , ZLOO SRVW LW +DGKUDW UHPDLQHG VLOHQW :KHQ WKH VWXGHQW LQVLVWHG +DGKUDW UHSOLHG %URWKHU , GRQW ZDQW WR WDNH DQ\ SHUVRQDO VHUYLFH IURP VWXGHQWV ,I RXW RI QHFHVVLW\ , KDYH WR WDNH VRPH VHUYLFH WKHQ , UHIUDLQ IURP WDNLQJ VHUYLFH IURP \RXQJ

KDQGVRPH ODGV , GRQW HYHU PL[ ZLWK WKHP WR WKLV H[WHQW WKDW , GRQW DOORZ WKHP WR VLW LQ IURQW RI PH LQ OHVVRQV

1RZDGD\V GLIIHUHQW W\SHV RI ILWQDV RFFXU DV D UHVXOW RI PL[LQJ ZLWK WKHVH \RXWK

7KH DXWKRU RI 5DKPDWXO 0XWDOHHPHQ

ZULWHV

WKDW

D SHUVRQ

VKRXOG

QHYHU EH DORQH ZLWK \RXQJ ODGV (YHQ LI \RX DUH QRW DORQH ZLWK WKHP GRQW VSHDN WR WKHP PRUH WKDQ ZKDW LV QHFHVVDU\ ,Q IDFW RQH VKRXOG QRW HYHQ ORRN DW WKHP LQWHQWLRQDOO\ QRU VKRXOG RQH OLVWHQ WR WKHLU 

1LQWK HWLTXHWWH WDONV ZLWK OXVW 7KLV VLFNQHVV RI EHLQJ LQIDWXDWHG ZLWK KDQGVRPH

\RXQJ ODGV LV VXFK WKDW LW EHFRPHV ILUPO\ URRWHG ZLWKRXW RQH HYHQ EHLQJ DZDUH RI LW 7KH SHUVRQ RQO\ FRPHV WR NQRZ RI LW ZKHQ LWV URRWV DUH DOUHDG\ GHHSO\ HPEHGGHG $W WKLV VWDJH WR VWD\ DZD\ LV H[WUHPHO\ GLIILFXOW

'RQW EH SURXG RYHU \RXU SLHW\ WKDW KRZ FDQ , HYHU IDOO LQWR WKLV

+DGKUDW <XVXI X KDG VDLG

, GRQW UHJDUG P\ QDIV WR EH VDIH 9HULO\ WKH QDIV LQFOLQHV WRZDUGV HYLO

+DGKUDW

,PDDP

$EX

+DQLID

QHYHU

ORRNHG

DW

,PDDP

0XKDPPDG

DV ORQJ DV KH GLG QRW KDYH D EHDUG

+DMHH ,PGDGXOODK

PHQWLRQHG , GRQW IHDU DQ\RQH LQ WKH

HQWLUH ZRUOG H[FHSW WKH QDIV 6KD\WDDQ RQFH VDLG ,I D PDQ OLNH -XQDLG %DJKGDDGL WR EH LQ VROLWXGH , DQG D ZRPDQ OLNH 5DELD %DVULDK ZLOO LQVWLOO HYLO WKRXJKWV LQ WKHLU PLQGV KDYH DQG

EODFNHQ WKHLU IDFHV %HLQJ DORQH ZLWK

\RXQJ KDQGVRPH

\RXWK LV

ZRUVH WKDQ WKLV ,W ZLOO HYHQWXDOO\ UHVXOW LQ LOOLFLW UHODWLRQVKLSV

$OODPDK 6X\XWL

KDV ZULWWHQ LQ /XEDDEXO +DGLWK



7KRVH

ZKR

LQYROYH

WKHPVHOYHV

LQ

WKH

GHVSLFDEOH

VLQ

RI

KRPRVH[XDOLW\ ZLOO EH WXUQHG LQWR SLJV LQ WKHLU JUDYHV    7KH\ ZLOO EH PDGH WR ZHDU \RNHV RI ILUH 7KLV VLQ LV HTXLYDOHQW WR PDNLQJ =LQD ZLWK RQHV PRWKHU 7KH FXUVH RI $OODKV , DQJHOV DQG DOO RWKHU SHRSOH DUH XSRQ VXFK D SHUVRQ



1LQWK HWLTXHWWH

:KHQ ,PDDP 7DDKLU

ZHQW WR VWXG\ +DGLWK E\ ,PDDP +LEDDO

KH IRXQG WKDW KH GLG DOO KLV FKRUHV KLPVHOI +H ZRXOG DOVR FDUU\ WKH JRRGV IURP WKH ED]DDU 2QFH , VDZ WKDW KH ERXJKW VRPH JRRGV IURP WKH VKRS +H WKHQ FDUULHG DOO WKH JRRGV LQ WKH ERWWRP RI KLV JDUPHQW (YHQ DIWHU , LQVLVWHG KH UHIXVHG WR JLYH LW WR PH $W WKDW WLPH KLV DJH ZDV 

,W LV UHFRUGHG LQ WKH LQFLGHQWV RI $EXO $VZDG ZKR ZDV WKH IRXQGHU RI 1DKZD WKDW KH VXIIHUHG D VWURNH WRZDUGV WKH HQG RI KLV OLIH DV D UHVXOW RI ZKLFK KLV KDQGV DQG OLPEV EHFDPH SDUDO\]HG ,Q WKLV FRQGLWLRQ KH ZRXOG GUDJ KLV IHHW DQG KLV JR WR WKH ED]DDU ZHUH WR FRPSOHWH WR KLV ZRUN LI

ZKHUHDV UHTXLUHG

WKRXVDQGV

RI

VWXGHQWV

SUHVHQW

DVVLVW

KLP

,PDP %XNKDDUL JXHVW TXDUWHUV RXWVLGH

DOVR GLG KLV RZQ ZRUN :KHQ KH EXLOW WKH %XNKDDUDK KH SHUVRQDOO\ ZRUNHG ZLWK WKH

ODERXUHUV 2QFH RQH RI WKH VWXGHQWV PHQWLRQHG WR KLP :KDW LV WKH QHHG IRU \RX WR ZRUN ZKHQ ZH DUH KHUH" +H UHSOLHG

7KLV ZRUN LV EHQHILFLDO IRU PH

+DGKUDW 6KHLNKXO +LQG FORWKHV

ZDV LQ WKH KDELW RI ZDVKLQJ KLV RZQ

0\ UHVSHFWHG 8VWDDGK 0RXODQD 0DQ]RRU $KPDG .KDQ 6DKLE D WHDFKHU LQ 0D]DKLUH8ORRP LQ 6DKDUDQSRRU XVHG WR SXUFKDVH KLV JRRGV KLPVHOI ZKHQ JRLQJ KRPH IURP 0DGUDVDK 

:KHQ P\ 8VWDDGK +DGKUDW 0XIWL 0DKPRRG +DVDQ 6DKLE ZDV VWD\LQJ LQ 0D]DKLUH8ORRP KH QHYHU DVNHG WKH VWXGHQWV WR

EULQJ KLV IRRG +H ZRXOG JR KLPVHOI DQG IHWFK LW



1LQWK HWLTXHWWH

0\

8VWDDGK

+DGKUDW

0RXODQD

=DUHHI

$KPDG

6DKLE

GHVSLWH KLV ROG DJH ZRXOG GR DOO KLV ZRUN RQ KLV RZQ +H HQFRXUDJHG WKH VWXGHQWV WR GR WKH VDPH

, P\VHOI KDG VHHQ 0RXODQD =DPDDQ .KDQ 6DKLE

SXUFKDVLQJ

KLV JRRGV DQG WDNLQJ LW KRPH KLPVHOI +H QHYHU JDYH LW WR DQ\ RQH HYHQ WKRXJK PDQ\ LQVLVWHG WR GR VR WKLV ZDV KLV KDELW LQVSLWH RI WKH IDFW WKDW WKH VKRS ZDV YHU\ IDU IURP KLV KRXVH

7KH $VDDWLGKD RI RXU 0DGDDULV VKRXOG WDNH D OHVVRQ IURP WKLV $W OHDVW WKH\ VKRXOG GR WKHLU ZRUN E\ WKHPVHOYHV 7KH HQWLUH GD\ LV SDVVHG OHDUQLQJ DQG WHDFKLQJ WKH OLIHVW\OH RI 1DEL U WKDW KH ZRXOG GR KLV ZRUN ZLWK KLV RZQ KDQGV +H PLONHG WKH JRDWV DQG VHZHG KLV RZQ FORWKHV :KHQ KLV PXEDDUDN VKRHV EURNH KH PHQGHG WKHP

KLPVHOI +H QHYHU EXUGHQHG RWKHUV ZLWK KLV RZQ ZRUN +DGKUDW $QDV W VD\V WKDW KH KDG VHUYHG 1DEL U IRU  \HDUV ,Q WKDW WLPH , ZDV XQDEOH WR VHUYH KLP U WR WKH H[WHQW WKDW KH VHUYHG PH

1RZDGD\V WKHUH LV D VWUDQJH QHZ DWWLWXGH (YHU\RQH WKLQNV RI KLV RZQ ULJKWV +H GHPDQGV VHUYLFH DOO WKH WLPH IURP RWKHUV ,I VRPHRQH GRHV QRW IXOILOO KLV GHPDQGV KH FRPSODLQV 6XFK SHRSOH DUH QRW

FRQFHUQHG ZLWK WKH ULJKWV RI RWKHUV 7KLV LV VRPHWKLQJ WKDW HYHQ WKH $VDDWL]DK KDYH QRZ OHDUQW

$OO WKH ULJKWV WKDW WKH 8VWDDGKV KDYH RYHU WKH VWXGHQWV DUH NQRZQ YHU\ ZHOO +RZHYHU QR FRQFHUQ LV VKRZQ IRU WKH ULJKWV WKDW VWXGHQWV KDYH RYHU WKHLU $VDDWL]DK

7KH

UHDOLW\

LV

WKDW

LI

WKH

$VDDWL]DK

KDYH

WR

VKRZ

FRQFHUQ

DQG

DIIHFWLRQ WR WKH VWXGHQWV DQG IXOILOO WKHLU ULJKWV WKH ZD\ WKH\ RXJKW WR WKHQ SHUKDSV \RX ZRXOG QRW ILQG D VLQJOH VWXGHQW ZKR ZRXOG QRW UHJDUG LW DV KLV JRRG IRUWXQH WR EH LQ WKH VHUYLFH RI WKH 8VWDDGK



7HQWK HWLTXHWWH

7HQWK HWLTXHWWH

3UDFWLFLQJ RQ \RXU NQRZOHGJH

(YHU\ 8VWDDGK VKRXOG SUDFWLFH RQ KLV NQRZOHGJH ,W VKRXOG QRW EH WKDW KH VD\V VRPHWKLQJ DQG GRHV VRPHWKLQJ HOVH ,I KLV DFWLRQV DUH QRW FRQIRUPLQJ WR KLV NQRZOHGJH WKHQ WKLV ,OP FDQQRW EH D PHDQV RI KLGDD\DW 1DEL U VRXJKW SURWHFWLRQ IURP VXFK NQRZOHGJH ZKHUHLQ WKHUH LV QR $PDO

$OODK , VHHN SURWHFWLRQ IURP ,OP NQRZOHGJH WKDW KDV QR EHQHILW

,W LV UHSRUWHG WKDW WKH SHUVRQ ZLWK WKH ZRUVW SRVLWLRQ LQ WKH VLJKW RI $OODK , LV WKDW $DOLP ZKR GLG QRW EHQHILW IURP KLV ,OP

,W LV PHQWLRQHG LQ D +DGLWK

7KH ZRUVW RI SHRSOH DUH WKH HYLO 8ODPD DQG WKH EHVW RI SHRSOH DUH WKH JRRG 8ODPD

+DGKUDW $EX 'DUGD W VD\V , VKLYHU ZLWK IHDU ZKHQ , WKLQN WKDW , ZLOO EH PDGH WR VWDQG LQ IURQW RI $OODK , DQG , ZLOO EH DVNHG DWWDLQHG NQRZOHGJH :KDW EHQHILW KDYH \RX WDNHQ IURP <RX WKDW

.QRZOHGJH" +H RQFH PHQWLRQHG 7KHUH LV RQH GHVWUXFWLRQ IRU WKH RQH ZKR KDV QR NQRZOHGJH DQG VHYHQ GHVWUXFWLRQV IRU WKH RQH ZKR KDV NQRZOHGJH EXW GRHV QRW SUDFWLFH

+DGKUDW ,EUDKHHP ELQ $GKDP VD\V LQ WKH 4XUDDQ

ZDV RQFH DVNHG $OODK ,



7HQWK HWLTXHWWH

0DNH GXD DQG , ZLOO DQVZHU LW

:K\ LV LW WKDW ZH PDNH GXD DQG LW LV QRW DFFHSWHG +H UHSOLHG 7KHUH DUH ILYH UHDVRQV ZK\ GXDV DUH QRW DFFHSWHG  <RX KDYH UHFRJQLVHG $OODK , \HW \RX GR QRW IXOILOO +LV

ULJKWV   <RX UHDG WKH 4XUDDQ \HW \RX QHYHU SUDFWLFH RQ LW <RX FODLP VXQQDK   <RX FXUVH ,EOHHV \HW \RX REH\ KLP <RX FORVH \RXU H\HV WR \RXU RZQ IDXOWV \HW \RX VHDUFK IRU WKH IDXOWV RI RWKHUV WR ORYH 5DVXOXOODK U \HW \RX QHYHU IROORZ KLV

$EGXOODK

LEQ

0DVRRG

VDLG

(YHU\RQH

NQRZV

KRZ

WR

JLYH

OHFWXUHV EXW H[FHOOHQW LV KH ZKRVH GHHGV FRQIRUP WR KLV ZRUGV 7R JLYH OHQJWK\ OHFWXUHV ZLWKRXW SUDFWLFLQJ RQ LW LV D VLJQ RI SULGH +DGKUDW $OL W VD\V 2 SHRSOH RI NQRZOHGJH SUDFWLFH RQ ZKDW \RX KDYH OHDUQW EHFDXVH DQ $DOLP LV KH ZKR SRUWUD\V QR GLIIHUHQFH

EHWZHHQ KLV NQRZOHGJH DQG KLV SUDFWLFH 6RRQ D WLPH ZLOO FRPH ZKHQ WKH NQRZOHGJH RI SHRSOH ZLOO QRW HYHQ JR GRZQ WKHLU WKURDWV 7KHLU LQVLGHV WKHLU NQRZOHGJH ZLOO GLIIHU IURP WKHLU RXWVLGHV DFWLRQV 7KHLU DFWLRQV ZLOO EH DQ RSSRVLWLRQ WR WKHLU NQRZOHGJH 7KH\ ZLOO VLW LQ JDWKHULQJV ERDVWLQJ ZLWK RQH DQRWKHU 7KH\ ZLOO JHW DQJU\ ZKHQ SHRSOH OHDYH WKHLU JDWKHULQJV DQG VLW LQ WKH JDWKHULQJV RI RWKHUV 7KH DFWLRQV RI VXFK LQGLYLGXDOV ZLOO QRW UHDFK $OODK ,

+DVDQ %DVUL

KDV VDLG -XGJH SHRSOH DFFRUGLQJ WR WKHLU

DFWLRQV DQG QRW WKHLU ZRUGV $OODK , KDV QRW OHIW DQ\ PDWWHU ZLWKRXW VKRZLQJ XV ZKHWKHU LW LV WUXH RU QRW :H VKRXOG QRW EH GHFHLYHG E\ WKH VZHHW ZRUGV RI SHRSOH :H VKRXOG UDWKHU ORRN DW WKHLU DFWLRQV

+H RQFH PHQWLRQHG WKDW ,OP NQRZOHGJH LV RI WZR W\SHV 

7HQWK HWLTXHWWH 7KH ILUVW LV WKDW NQRZOHGJH ZKLFK ZLOO EH LQ WKH KHDUWV RI SHRSOH NQRZQ DV ,OPH1DIL 7KH VHFRQG W\SH RI NQRZOHGJH ZLOO EH WKDW ZKLFK PHUHO\ UHPDLQV RQ WKH WRQJXH 7KLV VHFRQG W\SH RI NQRZOHGJH ZLOO EHFRPH D SURRI DJDLQVW DQ LQGLYLGXDO

4DDVLP ELQ 0XKDPPDG

VDLG , KDYH PHW VXFK SHRSOH ZKR

QHYHU OLNHG WR WDON 7KH\ ZHUH SOHDVHG PHUHO\ ZLWK DPDO

6XI\DDQ

6DXUL

VD\V

,OP

NQRZOHGJH

GHPDQGV

DPDO

3UDFWLFH ,I LW UHFHLYHV QR DQVZHU LW OHDYHV

,W LV D VD\LQJ RI 0DDOLN ELQ 'LQDDU

7KHUH LV QR D]DDE

>SXQLVKPHQW@ JUHDWHU WKDQ D SHUVRQV KHDUW EHFRPLQJ KDUG +H DOVR PHQWLRQHG 7KH HIIHFW RI WKH ZRUGV RI DQ $DOLP ZKR GRHV QRW

SUDFWLFH RQ ZKDW KH VD\V LV OLNH UDLQ IDOOLQJ RQ D URFN\ JURXQG

$EGXOODK ELQ 0XEDDUDN

VDLG WKH SUHYLRXV 8ODPD XVHG WR VD\

6HHN SURWHFWLRQ IURP WKH ILWQDK RI DQ LJQRUDQW ZRUVKLSSHU DV ZHOO DV D VLQIXO $DOLP EHFDXVH ERWK WKHVH JURXSV DUH JUHDW ILWQDKV

+DGKUDW $EX 'DUGD W VDLG

,W LV QRW SRVVLEOH WR EHFRPH D PXWWDTL

ZLWKRXW ,OP NQRZOHGJH DQG XQWLO \RX GRQW PDNH DPDO \RX FDQQRW EHDXWLI\ WKDW ,OP

+DGKUDW +DVVDQ W LV UHSRUWHG WR KDYH VDLG 7KDW SHUVRQ ZKR KDV VXSHUFHGHG RWKHUV LQ WHUPV RI ,OP NQRZOHGJH VKRXOG DOVR H[FHO LQ DPDO

+DGKUDW 6D\HG $KPDG 5LIDDLH

VDLG %HZDUH RI EHFRPLQJ

OLNH D VLHYH LW SURYLGHV UHILQHG IORXU WR RWKHUV ZKLOH LW NHHSV WKH GLUW IRU LWVHOI



7HQWK HWLTXHWWH 7KLV VKRXOG QRW EH RXU FRQGLWLRQ WR RWKHUV ZH JLYH ZRUGV RI ZLVGRP DQG WKH FKDII ZH NHHS IRU RXUVHOYHV 7KLV FKDII LV ,OP ZLWKRXW

SUDFWLFH

$OODPDK

6KDUDQL

KDV

ZULWWHQ

WKDW

QR

,PDDP

KDV

HYHU

FODLPHG WKDW KH ZDV SXULILHG ZLWK PHUH ,OP NQRZOHGJH RU KH ZDV IRUJLYHQ GXH WR KLV NQRZOHGJH 7KH UHDVRQ IRU WKLV LV WKDW QDIVDDQL\DW LV MRLQHG ZLWK RQO\ NQRZOHGJH 7KH QDIV LQQHUVHOI GRHV QRW EHFRPH SXUH IURP $NKODDT H UD]HHOD EDG FKDUDFWHU XQWLO D SHUVRQ GRHV QRW SUDFWLFH RQ KLV ,OP NQRZOHGJH

2QFH

5DVXOXOODK

ZDV

DVNHG

:KR

LV

WKH

ZRUVW

SHUVRQ"

+H

UHSOLHG $ FRUUXSW $DOLP

6DDOLK 0XUUL ZKR VHHNV WKH ZRUOG KLV

XVHG WR VD\ %HZDUH RI VLWWLQJ ZLWK DQ $DOLP )RU YHULO\ KH ZLOO SXW \RX \RX LQWR ZLOO ILWQDK IDOO E\

SUDLVLQJ

,OP

ZLWK

VZHHW

ZRUGV

7KHUHDIWHU

LQWR

GHFHSWLRQ WKLQNLQJ WKDW LW LV QRW QHFHVVDU\ WR PDNH DPDO SUDFWLFH RQ ZKDW \RX KDYH OHDUQW

2QH SLRXV SHUVRQ VDLG $Q $DOLP ZKR GRHV QRW PDNH DPDO LV OLNH D YXOWXUH LQ WKH VN\ ,W IOLHV DERXW LQ WKH VNLHV EXW RQ HDUWK LW HDWV RQO\ FDUULRQ QRWKLQJ LH LW KDV DFKLHYHG ORIW\ KHLJKWV EXW LQ UHDOLW\ LW LV

$EGXU 5DKPDDQ LEQ 0DKGLV

WDTZD IHDU RI $OODK ZDV

VXFK WKDW LI KH KDG D GRXEW DERXW DQ\WKLQJ EHLQJ KDUDDP KH QHYHU XVHG LW +H ZRXOG DOVR VD\ WKDW WKH WKLQJ ZKLFK \RX OHIW RXW RQO\ IRU WKH SOHDVXUH RI $OODK , GHILQLWHO\ $OODK , ZLOO UHWXUQ LW WR \RX +H QDUUDWHV DERXW KLPVHOI

0\ EURWKHU DQG , ZHUH SDUWQHUV LQ EXVLQHVV DQG ZH JDLQHG D KXJH SURILW :KHQ WKH PRQH\ ZDV EHLQJ GLYLGHG , KDG D GRXEW LQ WKH ZHDOWK KHQFH , OHIW LW RXW FRPSOHWHO\ 7KURXJK WKH TXGUDW SRZHU RI 

7HQWK HWLTXHWWH $OODK , , JDLQHG SRVVHVVLRQ RI DOO WKRVH SURSHUWLHV RQFH DJDLQ

WKURXJK KDODDO VRXUFHV

+DGKUDW +DNHHPXO 8PPDK IRUHIDWKHUV EDVHG RQ D VPDOO GRXEW

KDG IRUVDNHQ D SURSHUW\ RI KLV

:KR GRHV QRW NQRZ WKH SRVLWLRQ RI ,PDP 6KXEDK UDQNV RI WKH 0XKDGGLWKHHQ" <DK\D ELQ 0DHHQ

LQ WKH RQFH VDLG

UHJDUGLQJ KLP WKDW KH LV WKH ,PDDP OHDGHU RI WKH 0XKDGGLWKHHQ DQG LQ VSLWH RI WKLV KH FRQVWDQWO\ UHPDLQHG IHDUIXO RI WKH $DNKLUDK 2Q PDQ\ RFFDVLRQV KH PHQWLRQHG ,I RQO\ , ZDV D QRUPDO OD\PDQ DQG QR RQH NQHZ DERXW PH

,EUDKHHP ELQ $GKDP

VD\V 2QFH , SDVVHG E\ D VWRQH 7KH

IROORZLQJ ZRUGV ZHUH HQJUDYHG RQ WKH VWRQH 7XUQ PH RYHU DQG \RX ZLOO WDNH D OHVVRQ , WXUQHG LW DURXQG , IRXQG HQJUDYHG RQ WKH

UHYHUVH VLGH

,OP

<RX DUH QRW SUDFWLFLQJ RQ ZKDW \RX NQRZ VR ZK\ DUH \RX VHDUFKLQJ IRU PRUH

+H XVHG WR VD\ 6HHN NQRZOHGJH VR WKDW \RX FDQ SUDFWLFH RQ LW 0DQ\ SHRSOH HUU LQ WKLV UHJDUG 7KHLU NQRZOHGJH LV HTXLYDOHQW WR PRXQWDLQV ZKLOVW WKHLU DPDO DFWLRQV LV WKH VL]H RI DQ DQW

+DGKUDW =XQQRRQ 0LVUL

PHQWLRQHG WKDW ZH KDG VHHQ WKLV

FRQGLWLRQ LQ WKH SHRSOH RI WKH SDVW 7KH PRUH WKHLU ,OP NQRZOHGJH LQFUHDVHG WKHLU ORYH IRU WKLV ZRUOG DQG LWV FRQWHQWV GHFUHDVHG 7RGD\ WKH VLWXDWLRQ LV VXFK WKDW WKH PRUH D SHUVRQ DWWDLQV ,OP WKH PRUH KLV ORYH LQFUHDVHV IRU WKH ZRUOG DQG WKH PRUH KH HQMR\V WKH FRPSDQ\ RI WKH ZRUOGO\ SHRSOH )XUWKHUPRUH KH VD\V , FDQQRW XQGHUVWDQG KRZ DQ $DOLP LQFOLQHG WRZDUGV WKLV ZRUOG DQG LWV OX[XULHV FDQ HYHU UHPDLQ ILUP RQ KLV ,OP" 7UXH NQRZOHGJH SURWHFWV D SHUVRQ IURP WKLV +DG KH 

7HQWK HWLTXHWWH XQGHUVWRRG KLV ,OP FRUUHFWO\ KH ZRXOG QRW SUDFWLFH DJDLQVW LW ,W

VHHPV WKDW KH KDV XQGHUVWRRG WKLQJV ZURQJO\

8PDU ELQ $EGXO $]HH]

VD\V WKDW WKRVH 8ODPD DQG 4XUUD

ZKR HDW KDUDDP DUH LQ UHDOLW\ GHDG 7KH\ DUH KHHGOHVVO\ ILOOLQJ WKHLU EHOOLHV ZLWK ILUH +DG WKH\ EHHQ DOLYH WKH\ ZRXOG KDYH GHILQLWHO\ IHOW WKH SDLQ RI ILUH

0DQVRRU ELQ 0XWDPLU

XVHG WR WHOO WKH 8ODPD RI KLV WLPH

7KH RQO\ UHDVRQ ZK\ \RX DWWDLQ QR SOHDVXUH IURP \RXU NQRZOHGJH LV WKDW \RX KDYH DWWDLQHG LW VXSHUILFLDOO\ +DG \RX SUDFWLFHG RQ ZKDW \RX OHDUQW \RX ZRXOG QHYHU EH GHQLHG RI LWV SOHDVXUH 7KH GLFWDWHV RI DQ $DOLP IURP WKH EHJLQQLQJ WR WKH HQG GHPDQGV WKDW RQH VKRXOG GHWHVW ZRUGO\ WKLQJV DQG WKHUHDIWHU H[SHULHQFH WKH VZHHW SOHDVXUH WKDW IORZV DORQJ

$DPLU LEQ $EGXOODK ELQ 4DLV 7DELHH 'D\ RI 4L\DDPDK ZH ZLOO UHJUHW ZK\ ZH

XVHG WR VD\ 2Q WKH DFTXLUHG D ORW RI

NQRZOHGJH IRU YHULO\ WKLV ,OP NQRZOHGJH ZLOO EH D SURRI DJDLQVW XV IRU QRW SUDFWLFLQJ RQ LW

+DVDQ %DVUL

PHQWLRQHG 1RZDGD\V LI WKH 8ODPD ILOO WKHLU

EHOOLHV ZLWK KDODDO WKHQ WKLV WRR LV D YHU\ JUHDW DFKLHYHPHQW :KDW ZLOO KDSSHQ LI WKH\ KDYH WR VWDUW HDWLQJ KDUDDP" +H DOVR XVHG WR VD\ WKDW WKH WDTZD RI WKH 8ODPD LV EDVHG RQ UHIUDLQLQJ IURP KDUDDP ZHDOWK DQG WKH GHVLUHV RI WKH QDIV 7KH UHDVRQ IRU WKLV LV WKDW WKH 8ODPD UHIUDLQ IURP FRPPLWWLQJ WKRVH VLQV WKDW DUH DSSDUHQW VLPSO\ RXW RI IHDU RI EHLQJ GLVJUDFHG

$EGXOODK 0X]DQL

VD\V 7KH ZD\ WR UHFRJQL]H DQ $DOLP LV

WKDW DQ DWRPV DPRXQW RI ORYH IRU WKLV ZRUOG GRHV QRW SDVV KLV KHDUW 7KHUHDIWHU KH ZRXOG VD\ WKDW WKH PDMRULW\ RI WKH 8ODPD DUH HDWLQJ GRXEWIXO DQG KDUDDP IRRGV WR VXFK DQ H[WHQW WKDW WKH\ KDYH



7HQWK HWLTXHWWH FRPSOHWHO\ VXFFXPEHG WR WKHLU FDUQDO GHVLUHV 7KH\ KDYH PDGH ,OP NQRZOHGJH D QHW E\ PHDQV RI ZKLFK WKH\ DUH KXQWLQJ WKH 'XQ\D %HFDXVH RI VXFK SHRSOH KH VD\V +DG WKH )XTDKD -XULVWV DQG $KOH +DGLWK FRPPHQWDWRUV RI +DGLWK EHHQ YRLG RI DQ\ ZURQJ WKH\

ZRXOG KDYH EHHQ WKH EHVW RI DOO SHRSOH 8QIRUWXQDWHO\ \RX FDQ VHH WKDW WKH\ DUH KXQWLQJ WKLV ZRUOG ZLWK WKHLU ,OP 7KHUHIRUH WKH\ KDYH EHHQ GHJUDGHG LQ WKH VLJKW RI WKH SHRSOH

,Q 7DOHHPXO 0XWDOOLPHHQ WKHUH LV D SRHP UHFRUGHG E\ WKH DXWKRU RI +LGDD\D DERXW D QRQ SUDFWLFLQJ $DOLP DQG DQ LJQRUDQW ZRUVKLSHU

$Q $DOLP ZKR WUHVSDVVHV WKH OLPLWV RI 6KDULDK LV D JUHDW ILWQDK DQG ZRUVH WKDQ KLP LV DQ $DELG ZKR LV LJQRUDQW

7KH SHUVRQ ZKR FRQGXFWV KLV OLIH LQ DFFRUGDQFH WR WKHVH WZR SHRSOH ZLOO EH DIIOLFWHG ZLWK WKH )LWQD RI ERWK WKH ZRUOGV

:KHQ D IULHQG RI $EGXOODK ELQ 0XEDDUDN

VWDUWHG ZRUNLQJ

IRU WKH JRYHUQPHQW WKH ODWWHU EHFDPH YHU\ JULHYHG DQG ZURWH D OHWWHU WR KLV IULHQG 7KHUHLQ KH H[SUHVVHG KLV IHDU RI GHVWUR\LQJ KLV 'HHQ $W WKH HQG RI WKH OHWWHU KH ZURWH D SRHP ZKLFK LV DV IROORZV

WKH NLQJV ZLWK LW

2 WKH RQH ZKR KDV PDGH KLV 'HHQ OLNH D IDOFRQ <RX DUH KXQWLQJ WKH ZHDOWK RI

<RX KDYH FKRVHQ VXFK DQ HYLO SDWK WR DWWDLQ WKLV ZRUOG WKDW WKHUH LV IHDU RI \RXU 'HHQ EHLQJ GHVWUR\HG



7HQWK HWLTXHWWH

WKH LQVDQH

<RX KDYH EHFRPH PDG RYHU WKLV ZRUOG ZKHUHDV SUHYLRXVO\ \RX ZHUH WKH FXUH IRU

1RZ ZKHUH DUH DOO \RXU QDUUDWLRQV DERXW JRLQJ WR (PSHURUV DQG 0RQDUFKV"

,I \RX VD\ WKDW , ZDV IRUFHG LQWR WKLV WKHQ WKLV FDQQRW EH WUXH 5DWKHU WKH PXOH RI WKH *UHDW 6KHLNK KDV VOLSSHG LQWR WKH PXG

0DDOLN ELQ 'LQDDU

XVHG WR UHFLWH WKLV SRHP H[FHVVLYHO\

2 JURXS RI 8ODPD \RX DUH OLNH WKH VDOW RI WKH WRZQ LI WKH VDOW JRHV EDG WKHQ ZKDW JRRG ZLOO LW HYHU GR IRU VRPHWKLQJ HOVH

LH 3OHDVXUH LQ IRRG LV DWWDLQHG WKURXJK WKH VDOW ,I WKH VDOW WXUQV EDG KRZ ZLOO LW HYHU EH UHFWLILHG" 7KHUH LV QR FXUH LQ UHFWLI\LQJ VSRLOW VDOW ,Q WKH VDPH ZD\ WKH DZDDP JHQHUDO SXEOLF DUH UHFWLILHG E\ WKH 8ODPD ,I WKH 8ODPD DUH VSRLOW KRZ FDQ WKH DZDDP WKHQ EH UHFWLILHG"

,PDP *KD]DDOL

XVHG WR VD\

&RUUHFWLQJ RWKHUV LV EDVHG RQ FRUUHFWLQJ RQHVHOI 7KHUHIRUH EHJLQ ZLWK \RXUVHOI DQG WKHQ ZLWK WKRVH FORVH WR \RX