International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) volume 4 Issue 7July 2013

Structural Analysis Of Multi-Plate Clutch

M. Tech-(CAD-CAM), Siddharth Institute of Engineering and Technology, Puttur 2 Assistant Professor, Siddharth Institute of Engineering and Technology, Puttur

Abstract In this paper, we design a multi plate clutch by using empirical formulas. A 2D drawing is drafted for multi plate clutch from the calculations & a 3D model is created in the modeling Software Pro/E for Automobile Applications. We have conducted, structural analysis by varying the friction surfaces material. By extracting the results Comparison is done for both materials to validate better lining material for multi plate clutch To find out which material is best for the lining of friction surfaces. Analysis is done in ANSYS software. Keywords ANSYS, Cork, Copper, Stress, Strain.

disengaged of the drive to allow for gear selection and then again engaged smoothly to power the vehicle. Desirable properties for friction materials for clutches:

I. INTRODUCTION

Clutch is a mechanism for transmitting rotation, which can be engaged and disengaged. Clutches are useful in devices that have two rotating shafts. In these devices, one shaft is typically driven by a motor or pulley, and the other shaft drives another device. Let us take an instance where one shaft is driven by a motor and the other drives a drill chuck. The clutch connects the two shafts so that they can either be locked together and spin at the same speed (engaged), or be decoupled and spin at different speeds (disengaged). Depending on the orientation, speeds, material, torque produced and finally the use of the whole device, different kinds of clutches are used. The clutch in itself is a mechanism, which employs different configurations.
. II. FRICTION CLUTCH

The two materials in contact must have a high coefficient of friction. The materials in contact must resist wear effects, such as scoring, galling, and ablation. The friction value should be constant over a range of temperatures and pressures The materials should be resistant to the environment (moisture, dust, pressure) The materials should possess good thermal properties, high heat capacity, good thermal conductivity, withstand high temperatures Able to withstand high contact pressures Good shear strength to transferred friction forces to structure

The friction clutch is an important component of any automotive machine. It is a link between engine and transmission system which conducts power, in form of torque, from engine to the gear assembly. When vehicle is started from standstill clutch is engagedtotransfer torque to the transmission; and when vehicle is in motion clutch is first

Fig. 1: De-Assembly of Multi-Plate Clutch

III. PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS USED FOR CLUTCHES Note: These properties are very general in nature and should not beusedfordetail design. Suppliersinformation should be

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used for important work.

P
Temp.(max) Deg.C 100 500 325 0,1 2.1 3,0 Pressure (Max) MPa

W (r1 r2 )
2 2

Material Combination Cork/Cast IronSteel Carbongraphite/Cast Iron- Steel

Coefficient of Friction Wet 0,150,25 0,050,1 Dry 0,30,5 0,25 0,35

Where W = axial thrust with which the friction surfaces are held together. In general frictional torque acting on the friction surfaces or on the clutch is given by

Kelvar/Cast Iron- 0,05Steel 0,1

T n W R n = no of pairs of friction surfaces R = mean radius of friction surfaces = coefficient of friction. We Know That T = 12.45*103=8*0.3*W*100.27.
W = 12.45*103/8*0.3*100.27. W= 51.735N. W = P 2 2 (r1 r2 ) P= 4.5743X10-3 N/mm2
B. Considering uniform pressure:

IV. SPECIFICATIONS

Power = 14.8438 BHP @ 9000 rpm Torque = 12.45 N-m = 12.45* 103 N-mm. @ 6500rpm Material used is pressed asbestos on cast iron or steel = 0.3 Maximum operating temperature C = 150 250 Maximum pressure N/mm2 = 0.4 r1 and r2 outer and inner radius of friction faces r1 =109mm and r2 = 90 mm n = no of pairs of contact surfaces n = n1 + n2 1 Wheren1 andn2 are no of disc on driving and driven shaft n1 = 5 and n2 = 4; n = 8 R = mean radius of friction surfaces For uniform pressure: R = 2/3[(r13-r23)/(r12-r22)] = 2/3[(1093)-(913)/ (1092)-(912)] = 2/3[541458/3600] = 2/3[150.405] =100.27mm. For uniform wear R = = [(109+91)/2]= 100mm.

When the pressure is uniformly distributed over the entire area of the friction face then the intensity of pressure W P 2 2 (r1 r2 ) Where W = axial thrust with which the friction surfaces are held together. Frictional torque acting on the clutch. T=WR
We Know That T = 12.4

Bysubstitutingallthesevaluesweget W=12.4
Pressure P

W (r1 r2 )
2 2

413.8825 413.8825 2 2 (109 91 ) 11309.73

P= 0.03659 N/mm2.
A. Considering uniform pressure: C. Considering uniform axial wear:

When the pressure is uniformly distributed over the entire area of the friction face then the intensity of pressure P.

For uniform wear P Axial force required to engage the clutch W = 2C (r1-r2)

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International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) volume 4 Issue 7July 2013 Mean radius of the friction surfaces. 109 91 R 100 2 Torque transmitted T n W R 12.45 103 8 0.3 W 100 51.875N
The intensity of pressure is maximum at the inner radius (r 2) of the friction or contact surface. Equation may be written as We know that total force acting on the friction surface.

W 51.875 0.4586 N mm 2(r1 r2 ) 2(109 91)

Fig 3. A 2D-Part of Double Plate.

F. FRICTION PLATE:

The intensity of pressure is minimum at the outer radius (r1) of the friction or contact surface Equation may be written as

Pmin

C 0.4586 0.0042073N mm r2 109

The average pressure ( contact surface is given by

Total Force on Friction Surfaces Cross - sectional Area of friction surfaces

Fig 4. Friction Plate.

Pavg

51.875 0.004586 N mm (109 2 912 )

G. ASSEMBLY:

D. 2D DRAWINGS:

Fig 2. Base Plate

E. DOUBLE PLATE:

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H. EXPLODED VIEW OF MULTI-PLATE CLUTCH: ii. Material Properties:
TABLE 2 Materials used in multi-plate clutch. Materials [Link] Density (Kg/m
3)

Youngs Modulus (Mpa)

Poissons Ratio

Yield Stress (Mpa)

1 2

CORK COPPER

180 8300

32 135*103

0.25 0.35

1.4 510

VI. RESULTS

A. FRICTION MATERIAL: CORK

V. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS FOR FRICTION PLATE

Fig 9. Results of Friction Plate using CORK as Friction Material Obtained from ANSYS WORKBENCH.

Fig 7: Importing of Multi-Plate Clutch using into ANSYS WORKBENCH B. FRICTION MATERIAL: COPPER

i.

LOADS: Pressure 0.0050404Mpa

Fig10. Results of Friction Plate using COPPER as Friction Material Obtained from ANSYS WORKBENCH. Fig 8. Loads Applied On Multi-Plate Clutch.

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Material VonMises Stress (Mpa) 0.0067 0.0061 Normal Stress (Mpa) 0.00388 0.00351 Max. Shear Stress (Mpa) 0.0038422 0.003498 VonMises Strain 0.00021 4.533e-8 Total Deformatio n (mm) 0.00041 1.1511e-7

CORK COPPER

(a). Results from Analytical Analysis.

VII.

CONCLUSION

In our project we have designed a multi plate clutch using theoretical calculations.2D drawings are drafted from the calculations.3D model of the multi plate clutch parts and assembly are done in CREOPro/Engineer [Link] analysis is done on the friction plates to verify the [Link] materials used are Cork and Powder [Link] observing the analysis results, the stress and strain values for copper powder metal are less than Cork respective values. So we expected that for multi plate clutches using powder metal as friction material is advantageous than using cork as friction material.

REFERENCE
[1] Youkei Takagi, Numerical and Physical Experimental Drag Torque in a Wet Clutch Tribology On -Line 7,4(2012)242.248. [2] [Link];[Link];Heat & Mass Transfer Data Book;Sixth Edition;NewAge Publications [3] [Link];[Link];2005;TheoryOf Machines; NewEdition [Link]. [4] www .Engineering Tool [Link] [5] Paandian and shah;2005; Machine Design;New Edition. [6] [Link].edu_course_3_3.11 [7] .[Link];2009;Engineering Mechnics;New Edition; Tata [Link] Hill Education

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