Dialogue 1-6: A Telephone Call

John: Hi, Alice, its John. How are you? Alice: Oh, hi, John! I was just thinking about you. John: That's nice. I was wondering if youd like to go to a movie tonight. Alice: Sure, Id love to! Alice: Sounds great! John: #$% Ill !ick you u! aroun" &:'(. The movie starts at ). Alice: *ee you then. +ye! ,-hone clicks "own. hat's !laying? John: I was thinking about that new come"y Lights Out. What do you think

/anguage 0otes 1 Hi, Alice, its John: Hi% 2222% it3s 2222 is a casual an" 4rien"ly way to say hello on the !hone. Although 5it3s6 means 5it is%6 it is use" to mean 5I am6 here. 1 Oh, hi, John! 0otice the rising intonation here. Alice is e7cite" to hear 4rom John an" is very !lease" that he calle" her. 1 I was wondering if youd like to """ This is a !olite an" in"irect way o4 asking 58o you want to 9?6 John is nervous an" "oes not want to a!!ear too "irect or bol". 0otice how the :uestion goes u! at the en"% which shows that he is not overly con4i"ent. 1 Sure! Id love to means 5;es% I woul" love to.6 0otice that Alice is very enthusiastic an" 4rien"ly. *he wants John to 4eel com4ortable about asking her out on a "ate. 1 I was thinking about # $ What do you think Again% John "oes not want to a!!ear too bol". He wants to give Alice a chance to suggest a movie. 1 Sounds great! Is an in4ormal way o4 saying 5That is a goo" !lan.6 1 Ill !ick you u! is an in4ormal way o4 saying 5I3ll come to your house so that we can go together.6

Dialogue 1-7: Can You Say That Again?

/uke: Hello? Hi% *te!hanie% how are things at the o44ice? *te!hanie: Hi% /uke! How are you? <an you !lease sto! an" !ick u! e7tra !a!er 4or the com!uter !rinter? /uke: hat "i" you say? <an you re!eat that% !lease? 8i" you say to !ick u! ink 4or the !rinter? *orry% the !hone is cutting out. *te!hanie: <an you hear me now? 0o% I nee" more com!uter !a!er. /isten% I3ll te7t you e7actly what I nee". Thanks% /uke. %alk to you later" /uke: Thanks% *te!hanie. *orry% my !hone has really ba" rece!tion here.

/anguage 0otes 1 There are a 4ew ways to e7!ress a lack o4 un"erstan"ing an" to re:uest a""itional in4ormation. The most common ones are state"% but you can also say 5=7cuse me6 or sim!ly 5I can3t hear you.6 In a more 4ormal situation% try saying 5I3m sorry?6 or 5I beg your !ar"on?6 >with a rising intonation?. 1 hen asking someone to clari4y in4ormation% try saying Can you please repeat that? / Can you spell that for me? / Can you please write down the address for me? 1 &utting out "escribes a "i44iculty in un"erstan"ing a caller "ue to !oor cell!hone rece!tion. I4 you are having trouble un"erstan"ing the caller% you can also say The line is breaking up / I am losing you. I4 the !hone call is "isconnecte" because o4 !oor rece!tion% you can say The call dropped. 1 %alk to you later is the e:uivalent in a !hone conversation o4 5*ee you later6 in a regular% 4ace@to@4ace conversation. 1 'ece!tion here means the availability o4 cellular service% the !ossibility to receive an" give calls on a cell!hone. <ell!hone rece!tion can be limite" in remote areas% insi"e large buil"ings or un"ergroun" >in the subway% 4or instance?.

Dialogue 1-8: Coincidences

Aeg: Well, hello there% Julia! (ong ti)e no see! Julia: Aeg! Hi! What a coinci"ence! I haven3t seen you in ages! o4 this shirt? Julia: Hmmm 9 well% you know how much I love blue. *ee? I3ve got the same shirt! Aeg: ;ou always did have good taste! What a s)all world" hat are you "oing here? Aeg: I just got a new job in the city% so I3m sho!!ing 4or some clothes. Hey% what "o you think

/anguage 0otes 1 Well, hello there """ 0otice the em!hasis on 5hello%6 which shows that Aeg "i" not e7!ect to see Julia. 1 (ong ti)e, no see! This is a common e7!ression use" to say hello to someone you haven3t seen in a long time. 1 What a ***! This e7clamation shows a great "egree o4 sur!rise% joy% "isa!!ointment% etc. > hat a sur!rise to see you here! to leave so soon! hat a joy to have you with us! hat a shame that you have hat a won"er4ul i"ea that is!?

1 ;ou always did have good taste! 0otice the stress on 5"i"%6 which Aeg uses to em!hasiBe the 4act that Julia 8#=* have goo" taste! Aeg says it in a joking way because Julia likes the same thing that she "oes. What a s)all world is a

common expression used to describe a chance meeting or other

such coincidence.

Dialogue 1-9: Weathe !epo t

Jenni4er: It3s 4reeBing outsi"e! front was su!!osed to !ass. Cabriela: +eah% I thought so too. %hats what I read online this )orning" Jenni4er: I guess the win" chill is really driving down the tem!erature. Cabriela: <an we go insi"e? I 4eel like my toes are starting to go numb. hat ha!!ene" to the weather re!ort? I thought this cold

/anguage 0otes 1 A 5cold front6 means a large mass o4 col" air. It can be !lural: There were multi!le col" 4ronts this January. 1 Here 5su!!osed to6 re4ers to something that is inten"e" or e7!ecte" to ha!!en: I thought it was su!!ose" to rain to"ay. This !hrase can be use" 4or many situations: I thought the train was su!!ose" to arrive at D a.m. shar!. 1 Yeah / Yup / h huh are in4ormal conversational cues use" by native s!eakers in conversation. =ach o4 these res!onses coul" be use" here 4or 5yes.6 Cabriela a44irms what Jenni4er is saying. The most !olite way to a44irm a res!onse is to say 5yes.6 1 /isten 4or the em!hasis on 5%hats what I read online this )orning"6 This use4ul !hrase can be use" with other verbs to convey in4ormation: That!s what I heard on the radio. / That!s what I saw on T". / That!s what I read online.

1 Chill / free#ing / cold: These wor"s "escribe col" weather. I feel the wind chill. / I feel the chill. / I am free#ing. / I am cold. 1 5 in" chill6 is the e44ect o4 the win" making the tem!erature 4eel col"er on a !erson3s skin. This is an uncountable noun. The tem!erature is E "egrees% but with the win" chill it 4eels like @). These !hrases are use" in weather re!orts as well. 1 The !hrase 5driving down6 means 54orcing to be lower6 an" can be use" in many situations. $n o%ersupply of new houses is dri%ing down sales prices in the area.

" e#ea In sp ing, its warm, its nice. People go on picnics.

In su))er% it3s hot& sunny. -eo!le go to the beach. -eo!le usually go on holi"ay In autu)n% it3s o4ten windyF it3s cloudyF it3s a bit cold. In winter& it3s %ery cold% it rainsF it3s rainy. It snows/it!s snowy.

hat is the weather like? G <um e vremea? It3s rainy G = !oliosF!loioasa It3s clou"y G = innorat. It3s snowy G = Ba!a"a It3s 4oggy G = incetosat It3s 4ine G = ok It3s win"y G = vantos It3s sunny G = insorit It3s nice G = buna It3s col" G = 4rig It3s warm G = cal" It3s 4rosty G = inghetat It3s wet G = u" It3s chilly G = racoros

Dialogue $-1: % de ing a &eal

aiter: Hello% I3ll be your waiter to"ay. &an I start you off with so)ething to drink Hal!h: ;es. I3ll have ice" tea% !lease. Anna: And Ill have le)onade" aiter: #$. Are you ready to order, or do you need a few )inutes Hal!h: I think we3re rea"y. Ill have the to)ato sou! to start, and the roast beef with )ashed !otatoes and !eas" aiter: How "o you want the bee4 I rare% me"ium or well "one? Hal!h: Well done, !lease" Anna: An" Ill ,ust have the fish% with !otatoes an" a sala". /anguage 0otes 1 &an I start you off with so)ething to drink 0otice how the :uestion starts with 5<an.6 *ince this is a yesFno :uestion% the intonation rises at the en". 1 And Ill have le)onade" 0otice how Anna stresses 5I3ll6 an" 5lemona"e6 to em!hasiBe her choice. 1 Are you ready to order, or do you need a few )inutes The wor" 5or6 signals a choice here. 0otice the rising intonation on or"er% an" the 4alling intonation on minutes >the 4irst choice is 5Are you rea"y to or"er?6 an" the secon" choice is 58o you nee" a 4ew minutes?6?. 1 Ill have the to)ato sou! to start, and the roast beef with )ashed !otatoes and !eas" 0otice that 5tomato sou!%6 5roast bee4%6 5mashe" !otatoes6 an" 5!eas6 are stresse" because the 4oo" or"er is the im!ortant in4ormation here. 0otice also that 5tomato sou!% 5roast bee46 an" 5mashe" !otatoes6 are com!oun" wor"s. The stress 4alls on the secon" wor" in each !hrase. 1 Well done, !lease" 0otice that the subject an" verb are omitte" in the res!onseJ only the necessary in4ormation is given. Ill ,ust have the fish" Anna

says !ust" here to mean that she does not #ant a starter.

At the estau ant

-. %he waiter hat can I "o 4or you? <an I hel! you? <an I take your coat? Have you booke" a table? How many are you? oul" you 4ollow me% !lease? <an I take your or"er% sirFma"am? hat woul" you like to start with? hat woul" you like to "rink? hat woul" you like 4or "essert? How woul" you like your steak? >rare% me"ium% well "one? 8o you want a sala" with it? hat kin" o4 "ressing? Anything to "rink?

8o you want a "essert? The burgers are very goo". *orry% the hamburgers are o44. Is everything all right? 8i" you enjoy your meal? Are you !aying together? Aay I show you to a table? I4 you wait% there'll be a table 4or you 4ree in a minute. 8o you want vegetables with it? hy "on't you try the !iBBa? It'll take about K( minutes. /. %he guest A table 4or two% !lease. Aay we sit at this table? The menu% !lease. hat's on the menu? 8o you want 4ish? hat's Irish *tew like? e're not rea"y yet. The steak 4or me% !lease. <an you bring me the ketchu!% !lease? A sala"% !lease. I'll have the same. That's all% thank you. <an I have the bill >A=: check?% !lease? This is on me. Here you are. The rest is 4or you. Have you got wine by the glass? I'" !re4er re" wine. -lease bring us another beer. <oul" I have chi!s >A=: Lrench Lries? instea" o4 sala"? hat can you recommen"? -lease bring me the bill >A=: check? with my co44ee. I think you've ma"e a mistake.

Dialogue $-$: At the Docto 's %((ice

8octor: What see)s to be the !roble) G <are !are a 4i !roblema? <athy: Well% I have a bad cough an" a sore throat. I also have a headache. G -ai% am o tuse !uternica si "urere in gat. 8e asemenea% am si o migrena 8octor: How long have you ha" these sym!toms? G 8e cat tim! ai aceste sim!tome? <athy: About three "ays now. An" I3m really tire"% too. G 8e ' Bile. *i sunt obosit% "e asemenea. 8octor: Hmm. It soun"s like you3ve got the 4lu. %ake as!irin every 4our hours an" get !lenty o4 rest. 0ake sure you "rink lots o4 4lui"s. &all )e i4 you3re still sick ne7t week. G Hmm. -are ca ai gri!a. Ia as!irina o "ata la E ore si o"ihneste@te "in !lin. Asigura@te ca bei "estule lichi"e. *una@ma "aca inca esti bolnav sa!tamana viitoare <athy: #$% thanks. G #k. Aultumesc. /anguage 0otes 1 What see)s to be the !roble) means 5 hat is the !roblem?6 0otice that the intonation 4alls at the en" o4 the :uestion. The "octor wants in4ormation% not a 5yesFno6 answer. G <AH= -AH= A LI -H#+/=AA? 1 Well is use" as an intro"uctory wor". 0otice how the vowel is "rawn out% to soun" like 5 eeeeeell 96 This can be use" as a way to 5buy time6 while you think about what you want to say ne7t. 1 A bad cough # a sore throat # a headache: 0otice the article 5a6 be4ore each sym!tom. 1 About is use" to mean 5more or less.6 It3s use" here to give an estimate o4 time. 1 %ake as!irin # get rest # 0ake sure # &all )e: 0otice the "octor uses the sim!le tense here to give instructions. This is the im!erative 4orm o4 the verb. 1 Still sick means 5continue to be sick.6 1O(I SI 2'O1(303 034I&A(3

chic&en pox cough diabetes cramp lung cancer heart attac& * stro&e +racture ,o sprain -sprain your an&le. measles

'aricel( tuse diabet crampe cancer la pl(m)n in+arct +ractur( a scr)nti po!ar

headache pneumonia earache +ood poisoning rash 'irus cold bro&en -+or example bro&en bone, bro&en arm, or bro&en leg. cut 0ruise -bruise your &nee. blister allergy chest pain eating disorder bac&ache depression +lu +e'er

durere de cap pneumonie otit( in+ecie alimentar( iritaie 'irus r(ceal( rupt -os * bra * picior.

t(ietur( ')n(taie b(ic( alergie durere in piept tulbur(ri ale regimului alimentar durere de spate depresie grip( +ebr(

Dialogue $-): As*ing Di ections

Aark: =7cuse me. &ould you tell )e where the library is 5 *cuBati@ma% !uteti sa@mi s!uneti unde e biblioteca

0ancy: +es, its that way" ;ou go three blocks to

ashington *treet% then turn right. It3s on

the corner% across 4rom the bank. G 8a% este !e acolo. Aergeti trei straBi !ana la stra"a ashington% a!oi 4aceti "rea!ta. = !e colt% !este "rum "e banca. Aark: Thanks! I3ve only been in town a 4ew "ays% so I really "on3t know my way aroun" yet. G Aultumesc. *unt in oras "e cateva Bile% "eci inca nu stiu sa@mi croiesc "rumul !e aici. 0ancy: #h% I know how you feel" toate lucrurile. /anguage 0otes 1 &ould you tell )e 9 is slightly more !olite than 5<an you tell me 9?6 G ATI -MT=A *A@AI *-M0=TI? 1 &ould you tell )e where the library is 0otice that 5library6 is stresse" here because it is the wor" with the im!ortant in4ormation. This is an in"irect :uestion% so the subject >the library? comes be4ore the verb >is?. The wor" or"er is reverse" in a "irect :uestion > here is the library??. 1 +es, its that way" 0otice the stress on 5that.6 The s!eaker is !ointing in a certain "irection an" wants to em!hasiBe that "irection. 1 I know how you feel is a way o4 saying 5I un"erstan".6 0otice the em!hasis on 54eel.6 The s!eaker wants to show em!athy an" un"erstan"ing. G T= I0T=/=C I still dont know where everything is! 2otice the #ord order o+ e move" here a year ago% an" I still dont know where everything is! 5 #h% te inteleg. 0e@am mutat aici acum un an% si inca nu stiu un"e se a4la

#here e'erything is." ,he sub!ect -e'erything. comes be+ore the 'erb -is.. ,his #ord order is di++erent +rom the direct 3uestion -4here is e'erything5.. 6 I27A 28 9,I8 82:; 9; A<=A ,>,8=.
Punctele cardinale

2orth ? 2ord 9outh ? 9ud 4est ? @est ;ast ? ;st 2orth#est ? 2ordA@est 2ortheast ? 2ord ?;st 9outh#est ? 9udA@est 9outh;ast ? 9ud ? ;st

Dialogue $-+: Calling (o ,elp

-eter: Hey! %hat car ,ust ran a red light and hit that truck! Cail: Is anyone hurt

-eter: I "on3t know 9 let3s call 6--. 9 Hello? Id like to re!ort a car accident near the !ost office on &harles Street" It looks like a man is hurt. ;es% it ,ust ha!!ened. #$% thanks. +ye. Cail: What did they say -eter: They3re going to sen" an ambulance an" a !olice car right away. Cail: Coo"% they3re here. I ho!e the man is #$. -eter: I know. ;ou have to be so care4ul when you3re "riving.

/anguage 0otes 1 Hey! This e7!ression is use" to show sur!rise. 0otice how %hat car ,ust ran a red light and hit that truck! is sai" with a lot o4 energy. 1 Is anyone hurt This is a yesFno :uestion% so the intonation rises at the en". 0otice how this :uestion is aske" in a worrie" way. 1 6-- is the !hone number you "ial 4or emergency services. The !erson who answers will ask you :uestions about the emergency situation an" then sen" out the necessary emergency services% which may inclu"e !olice o44icers% 4ire4ighters an" an ambulance. 1 Id like to re!ort a car accident near the !ost office on &harles Street" 0otice how the key wor"s 5car acci"ent%6 5!ost o44ice6 an" 5<harles *treet6 are stresse". These are the im!ortant "etails that the emergency services nee". 1 It ,ust ha!!ened is a way o4 saying 5It ha!!ene" a moment ago.6 0otice the stress on 5just%6 which em!hasiBes that the acci"ent ha!!ene" very% very recently. 1 What did they say 0otice how 5say6 is em!hasiBe"% but the intonation 4alls at the en" o4 the wor". This is a 5what6 :uestion% so the intonation 4alls at the en".

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