Design of Cycle stand shade
pkn
Name of work:1
3
4
5
Length of cantilever roof each side
Clear span
Super imposed Load
Conrete
M-
mscbc
6 Steel
7 Nominal cover
8 Reinforcement Beam
fy
Bottom Main reinforcement
Top holding bars
2 lgd Stirrups
bw
3.00
6.00
2.00
20
7
mtr
N/mm2
415
15
N/mm2
mm
Tensile stress
Effective cover
30
12
8
mm F
mm F
mm F
5
3
220
Nos bars
Nos bars
mm c/c
10
10
8
8
mm F
mm F
mm F
mm F
140
280
140
210
mm c/c
mm c/c
mm c/c
mm c/c
6000
mtr
kN/m2
Grade
400
mm
mm
Unit weight concrete 25000 N/m
13.33
230
25
N/mm2
mm
Reinforcement slab
main bars at supports
main bars at end
Distrbution at supports
Distrbution at ends
30 mm f
2 Nos bars
3 nos. holding bars
12 mm f
30 mm f
2 Nos bars
220
mm
860
10 mm f @
280 mmc/c
3000
30 mm f main
6000
(A) Section at beam
10 mm f @
140 mm c/c
220
mm
5 Nos bars
12 mm f @
3 Nos bars
3000
8 mmf @
210 mm c/c
100
mm
290
8 mmf @
140 mm c/c
500
mm
400
(B) Section at mid - span
[email protected]
860
8 mm f @
220 mm c/c 2 lgd stirrups
30 mm f @
5 Nos bars
Design of Cycle stand shade
Name of work:1
3
4
5
pkn
Length of cantilever roof each side
Clear span
Super imposed load
Concrete
3.00
6.00
2.00
m 20
scbc 7
fy
415
15
6 Steel
7 Nominal cover
mtr
mm
kN/m
N/mm
N/mm2
mm
bw
3000 mm
6000 mm
2000 N/m
Unit weight concrete
m
Tensile stess =
Effective cover =
400 mm
25000 N/m
13.3
2
230 N/mm
25 mm
Solution :For m
scbc
20 concrete we have
N/mm2
kc
j
=
R=1/2xc x j x k =
1
0.5
mc
=
mc + t
k/3
=
7
x
sst
13.3
13.33
x
13.33 x
7 +
1
- 0.29 /
0.904 x 0.289
230 N/mm2,
0.29
7
230
3
= 0.904
= 0.913
(A) Design of cantilever slab
= 7
For stiffness the ratio of span to effective depth of cantilever
For a balanced design, the percentage reinforcement for m = 20 concrete =0.44% . Assuming pt =0.25
We get, from fig 1. modification factore, using fe 415 steel. = 1.6 \ span/d= 7
span
3000
=
= 268 mm keep total depth of 268
\ Effective depth =
11.2
11.2
and reduce it to 100 mm at ends. Mean thickness of slab(
290 + 100
keeping 15 mm nominal cover and using 10 mm f bars,
available d =
290
and d = 100
Dead load of slabper sq meter =
15
15
0.195
10
= 270
/
2
10
=
80
/
2
1.0
x
1 x 25000
super imposed load
\
3.000
2
Actual area of stell provided =1000
pt
af
s
1000
561
1000
15
= 290 mm
)/
= 195 mm
mm at supports
mm at free ends
= 4875
N
= 2000 N/m2
20625
=
=
551
N/m
184
mm
mm2
3.14 x 10 x 10
4
x 100
/
551 = 142 mm
mm c/c
=
x 78.5
140
561
mm
100
0.21
270
1.6 = 11.2
= 6875 N/m2
Total load /m2
x 3.000
=
30938 N-mm/m
6875 x
wL
=
2
wL
= 6875 x 3.000
V =
width considering b=1 meter =1000 mm
30938 x
1000
BM =
Effective depth required
=
0.913 x 1000
Rxb
BM
30938.00
x
1000
Ast =
=
230 x
0.904 x 270
sst x jx D
3.14xdia2
using 10 mm bars
A
=
4 x100
Spacing of Bars = A*1000/Ast =
1000 x
79
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 140
M =
= 78.5
Let us curtail alternate bars at half the cantilever length.
B.M. at the point
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2
6875
2
1.5
1000 = 7.73 x 10'6 N-mm
mm2
Effective depth of slab =
BM
Ast =
sst x jx D
Actual Ast available
Check for shear
tv
7.73
=
=
230 x
1
2
V
bxd
270
+
2
10'6
0.904 x
x
561
80
175
280
20625
1000 x
270
175
=
=
mm
mm2
213
>
213 mm2
0.08
Hence O.K.
N/mm2
which is quite small
Distribution reinforcement
0.12xbD
Ast =
Asd
using 8
mm bars
0.12
1000
100
290
3.14xdia2
=
=
4 x100
mm2
348
3.14 x
100
Spacing of Bars = A*1000/Ast =
1000 x
50 /
348 =
Hence Provided
8 mm F bar, @ 140 mm c/c
At the half the cantilever length, avrage depth '=
0.12xbD
Ast =
Asd
using 8
mm bars
0.12
1000
100
195
3.14xdia2
4 x100
Spacing of Bars = A*1000/Ast =
1000 x
mm
F
bar, @
Hence Provided
8
(B) Design of beam :-
mm2
= 50.2
mm2
195 mm
mm2
3.14 x
100
/
234 =
210 mm c/c
= 50.2
144 mm
234
50
215 mm
The beam will be designed as T-beam with tapered flanges of uniform average thickness.
Width of web, bw =
L / 10 or width of column which is heigher
3.00 /
=
0.30
m width of column = 0.40 m here
10
290 + 100
=
=
mm = 0.195 mtr
Avrage depth of flange, Df
195
2
bw =
Total width of flange
Let effective span of beam
=
=
b
lo
+
+
0.40 = 6.40
0.40 =
mtr or
6.40 mtr or
0.40 mtr
6400 mm
6400 mm
For an isolated T-Beam,the width of the flange is
lo
6400
bf =
+
bw
=
+ 400 = 1680 mm
lo
6400
+
4
+
4
b
6400
Assume over all depthof beam 400 mm, equal the bw, for the purpose of calculating the dead load
(I) Dead load of slab
= 0.195 x
1
x
6
x #### = 29250 N
(II) Dead load of beam = 0.40 x 0.40 x
1
x #### = 4000
N
(III) Super imposed load = 2000 x 6.40 x
1
= 12800 N
Total w = 46050 N
46050 x
6.4
x 6.4 x
1000
wlo2
=
=
235776000
N-mm
M =
8
8
Effective depth of beam:2kcd-Df
for balance section, we have
M
= 0.45bf.c.Df
kc
2x
0.289 d- 195
or
= 0.45
x
1680 x
7
x 195
= 235776000
0.289
235776000
2x
0.289 d195
675.66
=
0.45 x
1680 x
7.00 x
131753
176306
390 d = 44553 +
or
176306
390
452
=
/
or
mm
keeping 30
mm nominal cover and using
keep D =
8 mm f bars,
500 mm
[email protected] available d =
500
30
Revised Dead load of beam
Total weight w
47050
wlo2
=
M =
8
Approximate L.A.,
8
= 0.50 x
= 29250 +
x
6.4
x
8
=
/
2
30
= 447 mm
0.40 x
1
x #### = 5000
5000 + 12800 = 47050 N
6.4 x
1000
=
240896000
Df
2
240896000
0.904 x 350
3.14xdia2
using 30 mm bars
A
=
4 x100
Noumber of Bars =
3311 x
707
Hence Provided =
5 No. 30
Determination N.A.and actual stresses.
Ast =
BM
sst x jx D
230 x
n =
= 25075 n2
or
b +b2-4.a.c
2a
or
or
or
L.A.=
Avrage stress in steel
corresponding stress In
concrete is given by
Shear reinforcement:wl 47050
V=
2
or
n
d=
3
m
=
=
Ast xa
t
=
x
m
447
3311
195
2
350
N-mm
mm
mm2
3.14 x 30 x 30
= 707 mm2
4
x 100
=
5 No.
mm F bar, Actual steel provide= 3535 mm2
=
1680
13.33 x 3535 x( 447 - n)
(n)2=
2
56.1 n
or n2+
- 25075
=
0
56.10 n
n
= 56.10 + 3147 -4x 1.00 x -25075
2 x
1
n
= 56.10 +( 3147 - -100301.585 )1/2
2
1/2
103448.47
n
= 56.10 +(
)
2
x
1
n
= 56.10 + 322
2
n
=
266 /
2
= 133 mm
133
447
=
403
mm
3
240896000
=
169
O.K.
N/mm2 < 230
3535 x
403
N
169
133
n
=
x
= 5.4 < 7
13.3
447 133
d-n
mm2
Assuming that N.A. falls in the flange, we have N.A.
\
N
141150
V
=
= 0.79
bxd
400 x 447
mm2
100As
100 x 2121
Assuming that at the ends,
2
bars will be bent up available
= 1.19 %
bxd
400 x 447
Hence from Table permissible shear (tc)for M 20 concrete, for
1.19 % steel = 0.41 N/mm2
Since tv >
tc Shear reinforcement necessary
Also from table for M- 20 Concrete, tcmax. = 1.80 N/mm2
Since tv < than Tc section O.K.
Shear reinfocement will be provided both in the form of inclined bars as well as in the form of vertical stirrups.
Out of 5
30 mm f bars, let us bend 2 bars at distance of 2 a = 2 x 403 mm
= 1.414 x 403 = 570 mm from the edge of the supports.
3.14xdia2
3.14 x 30 x 30
Area of cross -section of
2
bend up bars
=
= 707 mm2
4 x100
4
x 100
2
Area of cross -section of =
2
x 707 = 1414 mm
v1
Shear resistance of
2 bent up bars
=
sin 45
\
v1 =
ssv
x
2
6.00
141150
N tv
x sina =
230 x 1414 x 0.71 = 229931 N
x Asv
than
the
S.F.
it
self.
Through
shear
esistance of concrete (v 2 = tc. bd )
more
is additionally available, we will have to provide nominal shear stirrups.
3.14xdia2
3.14 x
8
x 8
using 8
mm bars area
=
=
= 50.2 mm2
4 x100
4
x 100
using 8 mm
2 lgd stirrups area
=
2
x 50.2 = 100.4 mm2
This is
[email protected]
the maximum spacing of stirrups is given by
Hence Provided 8
At
mm F 2 lgd stirrups, @
860
mm shear force
2.175 x Asv.x fy
220
mm c/c upto
2.18
100 x 415
= 227 mm
400
860 mm from edge of supports
141150
x( 3.00
- 0.86 )= 100687 N
3.00
shear resistance of concrete =tc.bw.d =
0.41 x
400 x
447 = 73308 N
100687
73308 =
Hence shear to be rasisted by stirrups is given by Vs =V-tc*bw*d =
ssv.Asv.d
230 x 100.4 x 447
The spacing of 8
=
=
mm f 2 lgd stirrups is, sv =
Vs
27379
But maximum spacing can not exceed 227 mm. Hence provide
8 mm f stirrups @
through out the length of beam.
Provide
3
x 12 mm f holding bars
check for development length at the end.
27379
377 mm
220 mm
at top
1.3xM1
L0
Ld
+
>
Ast available at end. 2121 mm2
V
M1
= moment of resistance of section, assuming all reinforcement stress at sst
M1
"= Ast x s st x jc x d
230 x 0.904 x 447
2121
x
=
= 197.1 x 10 6 N-mm
1000000
Alternatively, Ld = 45 F = 45 x 30 = 1350 mm
V
= 141150 N
Ls = 0
Let us assume the width of supports equal to 400 mm and a side cover x'
30 mm,
And Provide 900 bend at the ends
Ls
400
we have, Lo =(
x'
+ 3xf =
30 + 90 = 260 mm
2
2
230
f
x
f .sst
Ld
=
=
=
45 f = 45 x 30 = 1350 mm
4.tbd
4
x
0.8
x
2
1.3 xM1
197.1 x 10 6
L0
+
=
1.3
x
+ 260 = 2075
mm
141150
V
= 2075 > 1350 Hence Code requirement are satisfied
The code requires that
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pkn
8 mm F 2 - lgd strirrups @ 220 mm c/c
3 - 12 mm F holding bars
500
mm
220
mm
860
3000
1500
10 mm f @
280 Nos bars
2 -
30 mm F bars
220
mm
30 mm F bars
860
400
1500
10 mm f @
140 mm c/c
3 -
12 mm F holding bars
100
mm
290
8
210
mmf @
mm c/c
8 mmf @
140 mm c/c
500
mm
[email protected]
8 mm F 2 - lgd strirrups @ 220 mm c/c
30 mm F bars
(1) VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS
Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio
M-15
18.67
M-20
13.33
M-25
10.98
M-30
9.33
M-35
8.11
M-40
7.18
scbc N/mm2
m scbc
8.5
10
11.5
13
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
93.33
kc
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
(a) sst =
140
N/mm2
(Fe 250)
jc
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
0.867
Rc
0.867
1.214
1.474
1.734
1.994
2.254
Pc (%)
0.714
1.214
1.429
1.643
1.857
kc
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
0.329
jc
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
Rc
0.89
0.732
1.025
1.244
1.464
1.684
1.903
Pc (%)
0.433
0.606
0.736
0.866
0.997
1.127
kc
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
0.289
jc
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
0.904
Rc
0.653
0.914
1.11
1.306
1.502
1.698
Pc (%)
0.314
0.44
0.534
0.628
0.722
0.816
kc
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
0.253
jc
0.916
0.916
0.916
0.914
0.916
0.916
Rc
0.579
0.811
0.985
1.159
1.332
1.506
Pc (%)
0.23
0.322
0.391
0.46
0.53
0.599
(b) sst =
190
N/mm2
(c ) sst =
230
N/mm2
(Fe 415)
(d) sst =
275
N/mm2
(Fe 500)
(2) Permissible shear stress Table tv in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
100As
bd
< 0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00 and above
Permissible shear stress in concrete
M-15
M-20
M-25
M-30
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.45
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.44
0.47
0.49
0.50
0.44
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.44
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.44
0.51
0.55
0.57
0.44
0.51
0.56
0.58
0.44
0.51
0.57
0.6
tv N/mm2
M-35
M-40
0.2
0.2
0.23
0.23
0.31
0.32
0.37
0.38
0.42
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.49
0.49
0.52
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.60
0.62
0.62
0.63
(3) Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concrete
tc.max
M-15
1.6
M-20
1.8
M-25
1.9
M-30
2.2
M-35
2.3
M-40
2.5
Grade of concrete
tbd (N / mm2)
Shear stress tc
100As
M-20
bd
0.15
0.18
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.2
0.19
0.21
0.2
0.22
0.2
0.23
0.2
0.24
0.21
0.25
0.21
0.26
0.21
0.27
0.22
0.28
0.22
0.29
0.22
0.3
0.23
0.31
0.23
0.32
0.24
0.33
0.24
0.34
0.24
0.35
0.25
0.36
0.25
0.37
0.25
0.38
0.26
0.39
0.26
0.4
0.26
0.41
0.27
0.42
0.27
0.43
0.27
0.44
0.28
0.45
0.28
0.46
0.28
0.47
0.29
0.48
0.29
0.49
0.29
0.5
0.30
0.51
0.30
0.52
0.30
0.53
0.30
0.54
0.30
0.55
0.31
0.56
0.31
0.57
0.31
0.58
0.31
0.59
0.31
0.6
0.32
0.61
0.32
0.62
0.32
Reiforcement %
100As
M-20
bd
0.18
0.15
0.19
0.18
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.22
0.27
0.23
0.3
0.24
0.32
0.25
0.35
0.26
0.38
0.27
0.41
0.28
0.44
0.29
0.47
0.30
0.5
0.31
0.55
0.32
0.6
0.33
0.65
0.34
0.7
0.35
0.75
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.88
0.38
0.94
0.39
1.00
0.4
1.08
0.41
1.16
0.42
1.25
0.43
1.33
0.44
1.41
0.45
1.50
0.46
1.63
0.46
1.64
0.47
1.75
0.48
1.88
0.49
2.00
0.50
2.13
0.51
2.25
Degree
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
% fy
0.0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.4
0.5
200
Value of angle
sin
cos
0.17
0.98
0.19
0.98
0.21
0.98
0.23
0.97
0.24
0.97
0.26
0.97
0.28
0.96
0.29
0.96
0.31
0.95
0.33
0.95
0.34
0.94
0.36
0.93
0.37
0.93
0.39
0.92
0.41
0.92
0.42
0.91
0.50
0.87
0.57
0.82
0.64
0.77
0.71
0.71
0.77
0.64
0.82
0.57
0.87
0.50
0.91
0.42
tan
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.29
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.45
0.47
0.58
0.70
0.84
1.00
1.19
1.43
1.73
2.14
modification factore Table
250
328
415
2.0
2
1.85
1.75
1.65
1.5
1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.50
1.40
1.30
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.55
1.50
1.50
1.45
1.40
1.35
1.35
1.30
1.30
1.25
1.25
1.20
1.18
1.17
1.16
1.15
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.11
1.11
1.11
1.75
1.65
1.55
1.5
1.45
1.4
1.35
1.3
1.3
1.25
1.2
1.2
1.18
1.16
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.1
1.1
1.08
1.06
1.05
1.04
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.00
1.4
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.2
1.16
1.13
1.1
1.1
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.01
1.0
0.99
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.87
0.86
1.20
1.15
1.05
1.02
1.20
0.98
0.96
0.94
0.92
0.91
0.90
0.89
0.86
0.86
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.83
0.82
0.82
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
0.4
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.70
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.90
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concreteM-10
-tbd (N / mm2)
M-15
0.6
M-20
0.8
M-25
0.9
M-30
1
M-35
1.1
M-40
1.2
M-45
1.3
Development Length in tension
Plain M.S. Bars
H.Y.S.D. Bars
Grade of
concrete
tbd (N / mm2)
kd = Ld F
tbd (N / mm2)
kd = Ld F
M 15
0.6
58
0.96
60
M 20
0.8
44
1.28
45
M 25
0.9
39
1.44
40
M 30
35
1.6
36
M 35
1.1
32
1.76
33
M 40
1.2
29
1.92
30
M 45
1.3
27
2.08
28
M 50
1.4
25
2.24
26
Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of
concrete
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Permission stress in compression (N/mm 2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
Bending acbc
Direct (acc)
plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
3.0
5.0
7.0
8.5
10.0
11.5
13.0
14.5
16.0
Kg/m2
300
500
700
850
1000
1150
1300
1450
1600
(N/mm2)
2.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
Kg/m2
250
400
500
600
800
900
1000
1100
1200
(N/mm2)
-0.6
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
in kg/m2
-60
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
tan
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.29
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.45
0.47
0.58
0.70
0.84
1.00
1.19
1.43
1.73
2.14
able
500
2.00
1.80
1.65
1.50
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.20
1.16
1.08
Value of angle
Degree
sin
10
0.17
11
0.19
12
0.21
13
0.23
14
0.24
15
0.26
16
0.28
17
0.29
18
0.31
19
0.33
20
0.34
21
0.36
22
0.37
23
0.39
24
0.41
25
0.42
30
0.50
35
0.57
40
0.64
45
0.71
50
0.77
55
0.82
60
0.87
65
0.91
cos
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.96
0.96
0.95
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.87
0.82
0.77
0.71
0.64
0.57
0.50
0.42
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.86
0.84
0.82
0.81
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.70
0.70
0.69
0.69
0.68
0.68
0)
M-50
1.4
Modification factore
2.0
1.4
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2
2.4
Percentage of tension reinforcement
2.8
