Its not about not using but about using properly....

October 24th being observed as the leave any luxury or facility, though
International Climate Change Day, can't be. But the only work needed
may have brought some effect on is to use 'em in a proper manner,
the concern towards the just like respecting the luxuries as
environment of the planet. The they respect us. PMW's squeeze is
emphasis of this day was to make to use everything but properly,
aware the people about all the without the action of letting the
hazards the environment and the utilizable amount go to waste.
planet is facing in today's time. The Everything has a counterpart, an
Carbon Content has gone to a mind alternative which may be better or
worse in some respect. Look at Tejaswi Khanna
boggling 383ppm, just 70 less than
the max the human race can bear to Google, whose reputation in the Editor(3rd Year CSE)
sustain. The scientists in this internet market is well-known.
Every firm is investing heavily in
concern have their view that the Google has a search engine which
the green technologies, which are
planet's carbon content is the most is as efficient as google but more
closer to the environment. It were
that the human race has ever energy saving as google. Its whole
them in the first place to spoil the
witnessed and its going to increase interface is in black, cause black is
picture now they've taken
at even more rapid race. no colour which consumes the least
responsibility to repent and mend
energy, that's why its being named
their ways. Intel is researching
as Blackle. By this, Google has not
towards the technology of
The question in every concerned only taken a so-called
tomorrow which is well efficient
mind is that what can one do to “environmental step” but also made
and energy saving as well.
avoid such a catastrophic crisis the clear about its view about the rapid
Moreover, the car manufacturers
climate is suffering from. Many climate change.
ain't leaving their business but are
think it is due to all the
researching in cheap and eco-
industrialization and developments
“Take a look to the sky, just before friendly technologies so that
being done in the near past which is
you die coz its the last time you every man can have his hands in
still going on. But on the contrary
will...” will be the lines to be the mending of climatic crisis,
one cannot just throw away all the
spoken if action towards the which were once helping [Link]
facilities and conviniencies to just
problem is not taken. This have now come to realize about
think about the planet's climate. All
climatic blitzkrieg will surely take not just development but
this progress and development man
the human race into its vice grip sustainable development. Actions
has taken centuries to evolve cannot
and make each human, whether to be taken need to be in rapid
be just simply forsaken. The man
concerned or not will be its succession and tough in
cannot leave all this comfortability
victim. implementation.
and still wants proper environment,
food, no climate disorder, to speak “Save ourselves before the earth PMW may actually quite a step if
in a small way. But how can one bleeds...” coz this bleeding will everybody inculcates in him the
expect to get the present scenario make all the humans bleed for better way of living and managing
under control, if the man cannot get their actions and the suffering of resources. Its just like what an
rid of his zidd of not giving up all the climate and planet. All the MBA does in a firm, an MBA of
this. hurricanes, Tsunamis speak for environment. Utilizing optimally
themselves, need not be explained. with the least possible resources in
A new and innovative way, the
a proper way to see our new and
Proper Managing Way(PMW), as I Its not about not using but about younger generations enjoy the
like to call it may help in solving using properly all the resources, fruits of the planet just as we did.
this issue. Its not about changing just as before, to respect the
anything or using new technology, planet for all it has given to us.
or employing some rules. Its just a
change in the habitual orders and
mindset of the humans. No need to

Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Our Institute
University Institute of Engineering
Software Engineering and Electronics & Communication Engineering”.
& Technology (UIET) was started
by Kurukshetra University in year And for these courses the varsity has constructed a separate building and
2004 as a Centre of Excellence named it “University Institute of Engineering and Technology” (UIET), for
exclusively for the engineering and the engineering courses with all amenities and modern laboratories,
workshop, library etc. Well-qualified and dedicated faculty has been
technical education. The
recruited as per the requirement of the courses. The University campus
Management of college is under
offers excellent environment for the overall development of the personality
University administration. and leadership qualities of the students. This institute has marked its
The varsity was already conducting a presence by providing quality education in these selected engineering
[Link] in “Instrumentation Engg.” disciplines.
successfully since 1995 under the The institute is also concerned about the residence facilities for boys and
department named USIC. Then the girls coming from different parts of India, as the varsity campus provide
varsity decided to start [Link]. separate hostel facilities for them. To ensure safety and comfortable
programme in three more disciplines, atmosphere, the staff, accordingly is appointed to take good care of the
namely, “Biotechnology”, “Computer students.
Science & Engineering” and Myriad and spacious seminar halls, class rooms are yet another impressive
“Electronics and Communication feature of the institute which is also capable of catering to the study needs of
Engineering” from session 2004-05 the students with an up-to-date library in the premises itself. It has a wide
with “Mechanical” introduced in collection of books pertaining to all the branches of engineering, including
2007-08. reference books. The library has open access system for the convenience of
The institute is offering, apart from the students.
these graduate courses, a few post-
graduate courses also - four [Link]
degree courses in “Biotech,
Computer engineering,

Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 student participants from all the affiliated
Ratnawali: colleges of Haryana in 22 events which
involved Haryanvi Folk Orchestra, Saang: The
Haryana Day folk Theatre, Haryanvi Gazal, Haryanvi Group
Dance, Solo Dance, Haryanvi Bhajan, One-

State Level Act-Play, Folk Costume etc. All these events

receive packed participation from all parts of

Fest-2009
Haryana. On the final day, Hon'ble Governor
of Haryana, Sh. Jagan Nath Paharia was
invited to propel the youth participation and
distributed the deserving winners their
rewards. All in the entire, the event was a
huge success and reminded the rich cultural
heritage the state of Haryana possesses.

Inauguration by Lt. Gen. (Dr) D. D. S. Sandhu

The annual mega event “Ratnawali 2009”

embellished us all with its endeavours to
keep the Haryanvi culture alive. This four day
cultural extravaganza was organized by the
Department of Youth and Cultural Affairs,
Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra from
October 27th to October 30th, 2009. The Price Distribution Ceremony
department is organizing it from last two
decades with the sole motto of preservation
and enrichment of the rich cultural heritage
of Haryana. The event was as usual a
megahit and attracted more than 3,000

13 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Kunz Fest-
YES+ is a programme for Art of Living given a
thought by Pt. Shri Shri Ravishankar who

09:
started this programme on international level
to help people to come out of their daily life
The varsity organized the 25th North Zone tensions and make their living better.
Inter University youth festival, Kunz Fest-09
at the Bhagvad Gita Sadan dating from 16th to
20th Nov 2009. This Silver Jubilee festival has Ch. Ranbeer
been sponsored by the Association of Indian
Universities and Ministry of Youth Affairs, Singh Bhawan
Govt. of India. The festival, being inaugurated
by Mrs. Geeta Bhukkal, Health Minister of inaugurated
Haryana, promised much events of quality
with participants getting their hands in from by CM of
the universities of Haryana, Punjab,
Uttarakhand, J&K, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana :
Uttar Pradesh, to say the least. The events Newly built hostel for students of Institute of
like skit competition, one act play were quite Instrumentation Engineering (IIE), in front of
a crowd gatherer. The closing ceremony was Pratap Bhawan was inaugurated by
graced by honourable CM of Haryana, Ch. honourable CM of Haryana, Sh. Bhupender
Bhupinder Singh Hooda. Singh Hooda dated 20 Nov 2009. The hostel
is named after Late Ch. Ranbeer Singh Hooda ,

Annual father of honourable CM of Haryana Ch.

Bhupender Singh Hooda.

Sports Week : Rostrum

The ongoing Annual Sports Week from 10 th

to 12th Nov has been concluded successfully

at the Sports Complex. It was an inter-
2009-10 :
Dean Student Welfare organised Rostrum
college competition involving various sports
2009-10 in different departments/ hostels
and athletic events.
from 23-30th Nov 2009. The competition is
being organised from last 4 years. The main
Yes+ : motive is to expose the talent of students in
public speaking.
Youth Empowerment and Skills workshop was
organised in the University Model School,
Kuruksheta University from 24-30th Nov 2009.
14 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0
 Training and Placement Prism-I
Cell :
University Institute of Engg. & Technology (UIET) was established by
Kurukshetra University in 2004 in the Univ. Campus as ‘Centre of
Excellence’ to provide quality education in selected Engg. Disciplines at
Under-graduate and Post-graduate levels. The first batch of passed out
students in 2007-08 were placed in reputed companies with pay package of
upto Rs. 4.5 lacs per annum. 83% students of ECE deptt., 82% students of
CSE Deptt. and 54% students of Bio-Tech. Deptt were successfully placed.
The college has signed MOUs with highly reputed organizations such as
CSIO, CEERI Pilani and also has setup its own training and placement cell
for the summer training of the students in countries leading R&D centres and
reputed industries firms like DRDO, NDRI, HAU, Siemens, IBM, BHEL,
PAU, BSNL, HCL, NTPC, Reliance, Airtel etc.
Convener: Dr. C.C. Tripathi, Asst. Professor, F/I ECE
UIET, KUK lived yet another day of
Co-Convener : Mrs. Amita Malik, Asst. Professor,F/I CSE exhibiting proficient intellect of its
Member: Mr. Monish Gupta, Lecturer, ECE educatees on 24th Oct 09. The
juncture was marked by enormous

Micro-Electronics participation and exhilaration.

Pioneered by students of 3rd year
(CSE and ECE), as a team a.k.a
Workshop : ‘PRISM-i’, these couple of events
served in infusing a creative bend to
A three day workshop was organised in collaboration with TECHNOLOGY future engineers. Glimpse of technical
APPLICATIONS SERVICE, NEW DELHI in the college from 30th Nov to advancement and rip-roaring intrusion
of gadgets in human life were among
2nd Dec 09 under the guidance of Dr. C.C. Tripathi (Asst. Prof. and F/I
the themes allotted to the participants
ECE).Competitions were held on poster-making and presentations based on
for the events of ‘POSTER-
“HIGH VACCUM TECHNIQUES, PLASMA CHARACTERIZATION
MAKING’ and ‘COLLAGE-
AND THIN FILM DEPOSITION”. Practical session was held under the
PRESENTATION’. Students from all
direction of Dr. R.K. Garg, Scientist, TAS (Nobel Laureate).
years exhibited their resourceful
perception regarding the various
Techelons’09 upcoming technologies and sciences.
The best share of the occasion was the
Leaders of technology…….. heap of montage, posters and creators
An intra-college technical event namely Techelons’09 was organized in of the same, demonstrating their
artistic skills along with brief verbal
the institute from 14th to 15th Nov 09 under the guidance of Dr. C. C. description of their basic idea behind
Tripathi, convener of the event. Techelons included a Seminar on IBM their creations.
Technologies given by Mr. Akshit from U.S.A, Mr. Parveen from Bangalore Finally the occasion ended,
& Mr. Pankaj from ALLSOFT SOLUTIONS. Other Technical Events like Bug marking cultural upliftment of a
hunt, Web hunt, Apt it, Change it were organized, which encourage the technical department. This was good
students to showcase the best from within. attempt which raised voice for
cultural events to be included in
extra-curricular stuff for technical
colleges as a reposeful drug for
technocrats.

15 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Cisco blocks 'dark web'
GOOGLE GOING GREEN of social networks
WITH BLACKLE IronPort S-Series appliances filters web
content on the fly
Blackle is a nonprofit website powered by Google Cisco is tackling the so-called "dark web" of online
custom search page that has saved 1,589,411.785 watt content that's not easily indexed or categorised by
hours of energy and still counting. With the absence of adding new usage controls to its IronPort S-Series Web
all colors, it has completely black interface that saves Security Appliances. The new technology is packaged
energy compared to standard blank Google page. The as a software blade that works with Cisco's URL
filtering database to make decisions about user web
surfing to enforce acceptable-use policies.
The IronPort Web Usage Controls software has an
engine that reads a web page on the fly and analyses
the content to decide if it's objectionable or off limits
according to corporate policy, says Vivek Bhandari, a
product marketing manager at Cisco. Simply
categorising websites into lists -- such as sports,
shopping, hate sites or porn -- is no longer sufficient
because the Internet is now filled with highly transient
and often dangerous sites that comprise the "dark
web". Cisco says the dark web may constitute 80% of
objectionable content, outside the 20% of websites
that can still be put neatly into list form.
Cisco's S-Series appliances can perform malware
detection and blocking as well. The new Web Usage
computer monitors consume less energy by displaying Controls software adds the ability to monitor, block or
darker colors, or precisely no color at all. warn users about web traffic based on a method that
A normal CRT screen uses about 74 watts for a white combines URL filtering lists with contextual heuristics
page, and only 59 watts for the black one. According for analysing content and checking hidden tags. Cisco's
to a blog post, Google could save 750 megawatt-hours URL filtering database includes 65 URL categories and
a year by utilizing it for CRT screens. is updated every 5 minutes through Cisco's security
intelligence operations.
A technology journalist found that the CRT monitors
did use more energy displaying a white screen, but With the configuration Cisco is advising customers to
less than the calculations made by the blog post that use, about 90% of objectionable dark web content
inspired Blackle. But even if the savings in energy are violating policy will be detected via IronPort Web
small, they are significant after being added up. Usage Controls without causing the false positive rate
to spike, Bhandari says.

18 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Altogether, the Google Android OS is the driving
Google Fixes Two force behind nine devices with 32 carriers in 26
countries, according to The Wall Street Journal.
Android DoS Bugs While the Android has made clear strides on the
consumer front, its steady emergence as a viable
Google released patches repairing two security enterprise platform has also made it an
flaws in its Android mobile operating system, increasingly attractive target for hackers.
which enabled hackers to launch denial of service
attacks on users' smartphones. Microsoft donates
The flaws, made public by the Open Source
Computer Emergency Response Team (oCERT),
driver code to Linux
affected Android version 1.5. community
One of the most serious security vulnerabilities It isn’t a joke. Microsoft released its 20000 lines of
occurs in the way Android handles SMS messages. device driver code to Linux community under
Hackers can create malformed SMS message from GPLv2. So why is Microsoft trying to help Linux
a badly formatted WAP Push message, which, in community and what’s all this about?
turn, could trigger a mobile phone to disconnect
This code is for the drivers that let the Linux
from the cellular network, oCERT reports in a
operating system performance better on Microsoft
security advisory.
virtualized server, Windows Server 2008, which
The second patch Google released addressed uses Hyper-V virtualization system also known as
numerous security issues in the Android Dalvik Viridian. Microsoft is doing all this for the support
API, including a DoS vulnerability that leads to a for the well known Linux servers so as to be able
system process restart. to run on its new version of Windows Server 2008.
Hackers could launch a DoS attack by creating a Microsoft might be looking forward to the large
malicious application, which would then be sent to market share that Linux community holds for its
the user's mobile device, typically through some server participation.
kind of social engineering scheme. The malware The senior director of platform strategy at
would subsequently trigger the affected API Microsoft, Sam Ramji says: “We are seeing
function and cause a system restart once users Microsoft communities and open source
opened and downloaded the application. communities grow together, which is ultimately of
The Google Android OS is primarily used on benefit to our customers. The Linux community, for
consumer smartphones, but is starting to gain example, has built a platform used by many
ground in the enterprise space. Android gained customers. So our strategy is to enhance
some steam -- and credibility -- after numerous interoperability between the Windows platform
cell phone makers and wireless carriers recently and many open source technologies, which
announced plans to launch handsets built around includes Linux, to provide the choices our
the open source platform. customers are asking for.”

19 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Detector Cuts Energy Engineering industry
Consumption in HVAC relies on intelligent
Systems electronics made in
Bridges gap between simple sensors and infrared
cameras Europe
A new sensor can tell the difference between humans Technological innovations in the machinery industry, and
and animals inside a room without the use of expensive thus the competitiveness of the engineering sector as a
infrared (IR) imaging cameras. whole increasingly depend on the application of intelligent
electronics. Especially the access to customer specific
Known as the Cool Eye™ Thermopile Array, the device
microchips could be threatened with a vanishing European
could serve as an energy conservation system, enabling a
semiconductor industry. "Up to now this latent danger has
building's HVAC to autonomously switch off the heat when
not yet been perceived as such by most of our industry
there's no one in a room, or turn up the air conditioning
players, but in the long run it could become an Achilles'
when a room is crowded. It could also inexpensively boost
heel. This must be avoided", says Thilo Brodtmann, Vice
the intelligence of security systems, where its ability to
Executive Director of the German Engineering Federation,
distinguish between humans and animals would enable it
VDMA.
to serve in an intruder alarm.
From intelligent hydraulic components to machine
Engineers say the system's key
controlling and up to entire production flows in factory
advantage is its cost. At about $20,
logistics - electronics and data processing have long
the device's price tag lies close to
become basic components for innovations in the
that of low-end sensors, but with
machinery industry. Logic, sensors, actuators, RFID-chips,
performance reportedly similar to
embedded systems - the demand for customer specific
that of $2,000 infrared
semiconductor components in the machinery industry is
cameras."We're bridging the gap between dumb sensors
increasing constantly. The European semiconductor
and infrared cameras," says Wolfgang Schmidt, product
industry is able to produce small lot sizes, and reliably
leader for infrared sensing at PerkinElmer, maker of the
guarantees capacities as well as the protection of
Cool Eye. "This is not an IR camera, but its performance is a
intellectual property rights.
lot closer to the IR camera than to the simple sensor."
Therefore, the machinery industry notices with concern
Cool Eye offers higher performance than the so-called the increasing trend to transfer semiconductor production
"dumb" sensors because it employs a thermopile detector to non-European countries. The close co-operation
array containing 16 elements. The array includes lenses, between semiconductor industry and the European
and is available with an EEPROM and a microcontroller investment goods industry, which is vital for innovation
with an integrated 10-bit analog-to-digital converter. In processes on both sides, would be severely threatened by
contrast, typical IR sensors contain a couple of elements such an extensive relocation of production.
and don't incorporate focusing optics, Schmidt says. "We fear that the respective research activities in Europe
The new 16-element detector can even distinguish too will completely disappear after the production of
between humans and animals because it takes a picture semiconductors has been relocated. This might strongly
that's divided into 16 parts, and then it uses the affect the competitiveness of our companies", advises
microcontroller to analyze all of the [Link] device is Brodtmann. Moreover, investments already spent on
already being used in an unspecified commercial air research and development, as well as the education and
conditioning product and in other HVAC applications where
training of skilled personnel would be threatened
it cuts energy consumption.

22 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

by continuing relocation.
been in the interior. Ford launched MyColor in 2006 and
Therefore, it is important that the EU advocates fair added ambient LED lighting in 2008. Then it improved and
conditions in global competition, and that it works for an broadened its use the technology in the 2010 Mustang."In
industry friendly environment, which makes the 2010, we added an even better execution of footwells and
production of high-tech in Europe more favourable. This cup holders," Gelardi says. "Then we did the rear-seat area,
would also create the necessary conditions for the map pockets, and the coolest part: the sill plates."Indeed,
continuation of semiconductor production in Europe. the Mustang sill plate is likely to be popular among
Mustang owners and enthusiasts. The feature borrows
from the iconic, embossed aluminum sill plates long used
in Mustangs, and then adds LED lighting to illuminate the
LEDs Brighten New sill's Mustang logo, so it can be seen at night.

Mustang Ford worked with Osram Opto Semiconductors Inc., which

makes LEDs and associated electronics and optics, to
Drivers can change colors of LED-based instrument panel develop the Mustang's illumination. Osram supplied LED
and vehicle interior components for the interior, including the company's
With light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the cup holders, map MULTILED, which contains red, green and blue chips in one
pockets, dashboard and footwells, Ford's 2010 Mustang LED package, as well as its TOPLED and Mini TOPLED
may be taking the auto industry's boldest step yet into the products. The semiconductor maker worked with Ford to
world of LED lighting. develop the custom Ice Blue version of the TOPLED and
Mini TOPLED, both created by employing a proprietary
The new Mustang, introduced earlier this year, is phosphor chemistry to get the exact color Ford wanted.
consistent with the growing desire of automakers to use
LEDs, instead of incandescent bulbs, to boost the image of Osram engineers said the key to pleasing Ford was to
their vehicles. In the Mustang, Ford designers created an provide consistent LED lighting quality. That way, vehicle
owners wouldn't see differences between the lighting in
aura inside the car, and then enhanced that aura by
enabling owners to change the color of the LED lighting. the footwells, dashboard and doors.
Using a feature called "MyColor," the new Mustang At the same time, LEDs are said to be enabling automotive
provides 125 color possibilities for the instrument cluster, designers to enhance their
while allowing seven color options for the footwells, map brand images. During the
pockets, cup holders and door sill plates. Drivers can Mustang project, designers
change the interior colors to their liking merely by flicking a built a so-called "half
switch. buck" to demonstrate the
"It made a lot of sense to people in our product planning technology internally, and
committee," says Rob Gelardi, a senior designer for the then ended up showing
2010 Mustang. "Mustang is the perfect vehicle to launch a and re-showing it to hund-
technology like this."To be sure, Ford isn't alone in its use reds of engineers and
executives throughout the [Link] technology was an
of LEDs for interior lighting. Mercedes, BMW, Audi,
Volkswagen and General Motors have made significant use immediate hit internally, Gelardi says, because it enables
Mustang owners to customize their cars without going the
of LEDs to brighten their interiors. More than half of all
automakers also employ LEDs in center high-mount stop aftermarket route.
lamps (CHMSLs), as well as in daytime running lamps and "You always want to make it your Mustang," Gelardi says.
parking lamps. Approximately 2 percent of new vehicles "It's always been one of the most customizable cars.”With
also use LEDs for high- and low-beam headlights. this, you can customize your car different every day."
To date, however, the real impact of automotive LEDs has

23 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 definitely cutting edge, we don't think one of these

EcoCAR Challenge vehicles is going to change the world or outperform GM,"

says Mike Walstrum, control and simulation engineer at
Throttles into Year the Argonne National Lab. "We're trying to acclimate
students to the real-world environment. Our goal is to
Two develop engineers of the future who can really hit the
ground running and start their careers off by developing
Model-Based Design around verification and testing is environmentally friendly automotive applications."
next stage of the advanced automotive engineering
competition Chemists Win Nobel
Seventeen university teams are heading into the next
stage of the three-year EcoCAR: the NeXt Challenge Prize for Atom-by-
automotive engineering competition, convening in Boston
this week for additional training designed to prepare them
Atom Ribosome Map
for the validation and testing work that comes with year Rounding out the 2009 science Nobel Prizes are
two. Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz, and Ada E.
The competition, established by the United States Dept. Yonath, who will receive the prize in chemistry for their
of Energy (DOE) and General Motors and managed by the work on an atomic-scale
Argonne National Lab., challenges university teams in map of the ribosome.
North America to reduce the environmental impact of
Ribosomes are the cellular
vehicles while retaining performance and safety standards
organelle responsible for
and without sacrificing consumer appeal. The teams are
assembling amino acids
charged with reengineering a donated 2009 Saturn Vue to
into proteins. If DNA is the
explore advanced propulsion and clean vehicle solutions,
blueprint, ribosomes are
including full-function electric, range-extended electric,
the construction workers.
hybrid, plug-in hybrid and fuel cell technologies. The
Ribosomes themselves are
students have to comply with real-world engineering
composed of a
processes to design and integrate their advanced
combination of RNA and
technology designs and they are also working to
specialized proteins.
incorporate lightweight materials to improve
aerodynamics and to utilize alternative fuels such as The process of examining ribosomes at the finest possible
ethanol, biodiesel and hydrogen. resolution began over thirty years ago, when Ada Yonath
To that end, the teams are settling into year two of the first attempted to use X-rays to photograph a crystallized
competition, focused on the testing and validation stage of ribosome. Yonath's results threw down the gauntlet to the
their designs. While model-Based Design tools such as rest of the scientific community, and scientists like Steitz
SimuLink from The MathWorks and others from National and Ramakrishnan soon joined in the race to describe the
Instruments were used the first year to create the engine organelle at smaller and smaller scales. Eventually, the
components, the tools will now play a role in optimizing work of everyone in the field produced a working model of
and testing the design parameters and the control the ribosome at the atomic level.
software prior to the build stage where the teams create Understanding ribosomes has important implications in the
near-production-ready components. Model-Based Design health field, as many antibiotics kill bacteria by targeting
is important to the competition — and design teams, in the ribosome. The laureates' work also produced ancillary
general — because it allows engineers to test a variety of benefits for other fields, as the X-ray crystallography they
scenarios quickly before launching into the more costly and perfected while examining ribosomes can be applied to the
time-consuming physical implementation. imaging of other tiny, biological elements.
"While the technologies that go into the vehicles are

24 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 polar orbit going around the north and south poles at

BOMB BLAST ON
about 50 kilometers high. From this for one year it will map
the surface of the Moon for what we call the Exploration
Systems Mission Directorate, the people who are planning

MOON….!!!!
our future presence on the Moon. After that one-year
mission it will be turned over to the Science Mission
Directorate at NASA who will use it to do lunar science and
A powerful bomb rocked the surface of moon in the early study the history of the Moon's surface and how it came to
be the way it is.
hours of Friday i.e. 9th of October, [Link] result of the
explosion was a crater and a lots of dust. There is no Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing
casualty so far but on the contrary this bombardment has Satellite (LCROSS)
led to a great discovery. Whattt…?? The blasts on earth LCROSS is a very different concept. The LCROSS system
lead to death, destruction and disaster but on the contrary consists of two main components. You have the centaur
blasts on the lunar surface lead to upper stage of our Moon rocket, which again that has the
discovery…!!! How can be there motor that takes us out of Earth orbit and propels us
be such a difference of D’s on a toward the Moon. And then later on we'll use that empty
minute change in the surface of upper stage as our impactor. Then we also have the
blasts…!!!?? Don’t worry…the shepherding spacecraft. This is what guides and targets
source of blasts on both the that upper stage toward its target crater and it also carries
surfaces is also different. On earth, the scientific instrumentation on board that will measure
they are done by terrorists but on and analyze the plume we create. There is a range of
the lunar surface they are instrumentation on board. We have cameras and
conducted by NASA(National Aeronautics and Space spectrometers, both working in the visible and infrared
Administration)…J yes I’m talking about the recent moon wavelengths.
bombing mission conducted by NASA. Actually this mission Both LRO and LCROSS are scheduled to launch together in
started in June 2009 when NASA fired into space two the spring of 2009. They'll launch aboard an Atlas 5 rocket
robotic space probes,the lunar reconnaissance orbiter flying out of Cape Canaveral in Florida. As they launch and
(LRO) and the Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing climb out of the Earth's atmosphere they'll jettison or get
Satellite (LCROSS) aboard an Atlas 5 rocket flying out of rid of the lower stage of the Atlas 5 rocket, and it will fall
Cape Canaveral in Florida. back to Earth in the ocean. We'll climb into Earth orbit, and
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) after being there a very brief time, fire the engine of the
centaur. The centaur will take LRO and LCROSS out of Earth
The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter is going to go into
orbit on its way toward the Moon. About two hours after
orbit around the Moon and it’s going to map the Moon in
launch LRO separates and it will now take its own path to
finer detail than ever done before. As a matter of fact if a
the Moon to conduct its mission
coffee table were on the surface of the Moon, LRO would
Five days after launch, LCROSS, still attached to that
probably be able to see it. It's really pretty fantastic. But in
centaur upper stage, will do a fly-by of the Moon and will
addition to mapping the Moon with this beautiful
use the Moon's gravity to fling us into a very highly tilted,
photographic camera LRO is also going to look at the
highly inclined orbit around the entire Earth/Moon system.
temperature environment on the Moon (What are the high
Each one of these big loops takes about 38 days.
temperatures and lows?) and the radiation environment
on the Moon. These are all things that we'll really want to We call this an LGALRO orbit: Lunar Gravity Assist Lunar
know before we have people living on the surface of the Return Orbit.
Moon. The idea is that when we meet up with the Moon again
So the plan for LRO is that it will use its own propulsion
system to enter into a circular orbit around the Moon, a

26 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 approximately 48 degrees off nadir. In this viewing
we'll do so that we're coming in at a very steep angle geometry, the spatial footprint of each Diviner detector
relative to the Moon's pole. That centaur upper stage is was roughly 300 by 700 metres.
going to hit at 2.5 kilometers per second, about 5600
Figure 1 shows the locations of the Diviner LCROSS
miles-per-hour. When it hits the floor of that crater, it will
impact swaths overlain on a grayscale daytime thermal
create a huge plume of debris arching maybe 10 kilometers
map of the Moon’s South Polar Region. Diviner data were
or so into the Moon's sky. LCROSS is going to be perfectly
used to help select the final
situated to be able to look down and see that impact.
LCROSS impact site inside
Over the next four minutes, the LCROSS shepherding
Cabeus Crater, which
spacecraft will actually fly down, descend through the
sampled an extremely cold
plume of debris sampling it and letting us know what it's
region in permanent
made of. Is there in fact any water ice and if so, how much?
shadow that can serve as an effective cold trap for water
Four minutes after the centaur hits, the LCROSS
ice and other frozen volatiles.
shepherding spacecraft will also hit creating a second
plume of debris. That plume of debris, actually both Figure 2 shows preliminary, uncalibrated Diviner thermal
plumes of debris, will be observed from the surface of the maps of the impact site acquired two hours before the
Earth through some of the greatest telescopes on the impact, and 90 seconds after the impact. The thermal
Earth, from telescopes in Earth orbit such as possibly the signature of the impact was clearly detected in all four
Hubble space telescope and from instruments in orbit Diviner thermal
around the Moon such as the Lunar Reconnaissance mapping channels.
Orbiter. Since the LCROSS
impact feature is
To see the details of the above said facts you can see this
predicted to be
AV from the following link
significantly
Link: - smaller than a Diviner footprint, its detection is consistent
[Link] with the notion that the LCROSS impact resulted in
2043-ipod_640_std.mp4 significant local heating of the lunar surface.

RESULT OF THE MISSION Here is what NASA experts have to say about the
mission:"The LCROSS science instruments worked
Thus we see that two explosions were to take place on exceedingly well and returned a wealth of data that will
the surface of moon. The shepherding spacecraft will greatly improve our understanding of our closest celestial
follow close behind, taking pictures and analysing the neighbor," said Anthony Colaprete, LCROSS principal
ejected debris as it looks for evidence of water. It has just investigator and project scientist at NASA's Ames Research
four minutes to do this before it crashes into the Moon Center in Moffett Field, Calif. "The team is excited to dive
itself, producing a spectacular explosion that should be into data."
visible in amateur astronomers' telescopes. These
"This is a great day for science and exploration," said
explosions finally took place on Friday (October 9th,2009). Doug Cooke, associate administrator for the Exploration
Systems Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters in
Diviner Observes LCROSS Impact Washington. "The LCROSS data should prove to be an
The LRO Diviner instrument obtained infrared impressive addition to the tremendous leaps in knowledge
observations of the LCROSS impact. LRO flew by the about the moon that have been achieved in recent weeks. I
LCROSS Centaur impact site 90 seconds after impact at a want to congratulate the LCROSS team for their
distance of ~80 km. Diviner was commanded to observe tremendous achievement in development of this low cost
the impact site on eight successive orbits, and obtained a spacecraft and for their perseverance through a number of
series of thermal maps before and after the impact at difficult technical and operational challenges."
approximately two hour intervals at an angle of

27 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, USA “for the invention of an

Nobel In Physics: imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor”.

In 1966, Charles K. Kao made a discovery that led to a
Creators Of Optical breakthrough in fiber optics. He carefully calculated how to
transmit light over long distances via optical glass fibers.
Fiber Communication With a fiber of purest glass it would be possible to transmit
light signals over 100 kilometers, compared to only 20
And CCD Image meters for the fibers available in the 1960s. Kao’s
enthusiasm inspired other researchers to share his vision
Sensor of the future potential of fiber optics. The first ultrapure
fiber was successfully fabricated just four years later, in
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to 1970.
award the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2009 with one half to
Today optical fibers make up the circulatory system that
Charles K. Kao, Standard Telecommunication Laboratories,
nourishes our communication society. These low-loss glass
Harlow, UK, and Chinese University of Hong Kong “for
fibers facilitate global broadband communication such as
groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission
the Internet. Light flows in thin threads of glass, and it
of light in fibers for optical communication”, and the other
carries almost all of the telephony and data traffic in each
half jointly to Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith, Bell
and every direction. Text, music, images and video can be
transferred around the globe in a split second.
A large share of the traffic is made up of digital images,
which constitute the second part of the award. In 1969
Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith invented the first
successful imaging technology using a digital sensor, a CCD
(Charge-Coupled Device). The CCD technology makes use
of the photoelectric effect, as theorized by Albert Einstein
and for which he was awarded the 1921 year’s Nobel Prize.
By this effect, light is transformed into electric signals. The
challenge when designing an image sensor was to gather
and read out the signals in a large number of image points,
pixels, in a short time.
The CCD is the digital camera’s electronic eye. It
revolutionized photography, as light could now be captured
electronically instead of on film. The digital form facilitates
the processing and distribution of these images. CCD
technology is also used in many medical applications, e.g.
imaging the inside of the human body, both for diagnostics
and for microsurgery.
Digital photography has become an irreplaceable tool in
many fields of research. The CCD has provided new
possibilities to visualize the previously unseen. It has given
us crystal clear images of distant places in our universe as
well as the depths of the oceans.

28 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Energy Efficient
as any laptop owner knows, laptops can get extremely hot,
especially when they are powered on for an extended
period of time.
Water-Powered Luckily there is a convenient and stylish solution- the
Cool Lap Computer Desk. This foldable desk keeps the

Calculator laptop cold with two integrated fans under the keyboard.
The laptop remains cool while the fans hardly make a
sound at all. This will benefit both you and your laptop.
In this day and age of "going green" and looking for Furthermore, the laptop desk is angled at a perfect 15
alternative sources of energy, the makers of the water- degrees which is ideal for typing in bed or on the floor in
powered calculator are on the path of cutting edge front of the television. The Cool Lap Computer Desk folds
technology. Yes, it is true that solar powered calculators flat so you can easily take it anywhere or conveniently store
use less battery power, but they still it when not using it. Pack it on flights, take it to the beach,
require a battery back-up and that set it up outside on a nice day.
battery still needs to be replaced Furthermore, the Lap Computer Desk is durable,
which causes unwanted waste. But lightweight and compact. When it comes to laptop
with the water-powered calculator ergonomics, it doesn't get any better than this.
there is no waste and you can re- But, yes it does. This is because the Cool Lap Computer
charge it straight from the tap. Desk is not just a table. It also doubles as a stereo system.
It functions just like any pocket Connect the Cool Lap Computer Desk to any computer,
calculator, but can be filled with MP3 or gaming device for a great surround system
water or any other type of electrolytic liquid. Equipped experience while you work, surf or play. The 5-watt
with a fuel cell, the water inside the calculator creates a speakers and 10-watt subwoofer provide a crisp audio
chemical reaction with the zinc anode and cathode. This sound all the while keeping you comfortable, cool, and
chemical reaction causes an electrical current, and presto, relaxed.
you can solve all those mathematical equations! The water- You can choose to run the Cool Lap Computer Desk from
powered calculator can calculate for up to a month on less a USB connection to the computer, or opt for battery
than a cup of water. power. The choice is yours.
So whether you need it for school, balancing your Never worry about a hot lap again with this innovative
checkbook, or figuring out how much to tip your waiter, and convenient invention.
this water-powered calculator can be taken anywhere
without fear of running out of power. Get this "green"
calculator for your backpack, pocket or purse... One-Person Mini
Electric
Cool Lap Car
Computer Desk Saving money and saving
the earth -two themes in
transportation during
One of the greatest things about recent years.
owning a laptop is the fact that you With the creation of the
can use it anywhere. Take it to bed Hybrid and the electric car many drivers are finding easy
with you; flip it open on a flight; or and affordable ways to get better gas mileage while
even type a report while comm- releasing fewer fuel emissions. The One-Person Electric Car
uting to and from work. However, makes it easy and fun to do all of these things.

29 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 With the creation of the Hybrid and the electric car many product has a small solar panel on top, an adjustable band,
drivers are finding easy and affordable ways to get better and a small fan built into the bill of the cap. The solar panel
gas mileage while releasing fewer fuel emissions. The One- powers the fan which when turned on blows on you to
Person Electric Car makes it easy and fun to do all of these keep you cool. Be sure to order more that one, because
things. you will want a spare!
Although it may not be convenient for long road trips, the

X7 FUEL CELL
One-Person Electric Car is quite comfortable for one driver
along with a 6' cubic storage area for groceries or other
purchases. Powered by a 156-volt DC electric motor, the
electric car has 33-horsepower and can reach up to 70
mph. Simply plug the car into a 110-volt, 20-amp outlet
HYDROGEN CAR
and after 6 hours of re-charging it will be ready to take to It is becoming more evident
the road again. every day that we need to be
concerned about our world
and our environment. We are
SOLAR HAT learning about the carbon
footprint that we are leaving
If you are one of those
on the world and the potential
people who thrive in the
damage. We are learning that
sun, someone who loves
it is important to plant more
the feel of the sun and
trees, and use less gas and
feels happier on sunny
electricity. And there is ongoing research for the perfect
days, then you should also
fuel for our vehicles. Our concern is transferring to the toys
be aware of the dangers of
we purchase for our children.
the sun. We have all heard
You can purchase a model Fuel Cell X7 Hydrogen Powered
about the necessity of
Car that is powered by water. Yes, it really runs on water!
wearing sunscreen while
What a remarkable idea and what better way to get the
you are out in the
kids interested in alternative fuel. All you do is add water.
sunshine, to avoid skin damage; but there is another
You can actually see it separate into hydrogen and oxygen.
problem that is just as serious and much more immediate,
The gases are transferred into small storage areas and
sun stroke.
then, when you flip the switch, the Fuel Cell X7 Hydrogen
When you are out in the sun, it is important to wear a hat
Powered Car is propelled across the floor! This model
if possible, because the top of the head can regulate your
which is the ultimate in simplicity, so easy to use and
temperature. It is important that newly born babies have a
fascinating to watch; its a great way to get your budding
cap to maintain their temperature, because they cannot
scientists interested in the wonder of experimentation and
maintain their body heat. And it is important that if the
research, because the more experiments they do, the more
body is too warm, the top of the head be kept cool so that
they learn about hydrogen power.
a heat stroke can be avoided. That is why it is advised that
This wonderful model car is for ages 10 and up, which
a hat be worn while gardening or working in the sun, and
means it is even for the big kids in your family! You might
most of those hats have mesh or holes which can allow the
want to consider purchasing more than one, because
heat to escape.
everyone in your home is going to want to get their hands
And now there is a great product that can allow you to
on this model. Everyone is going to want to use their own
harness the power of the sun to actually keep you cool!
creativity to see how this power can be harnessed. What
Like most of us, you probably thought that solar energy
more could a gift offer? It is inventive, it is stimulating and
was only used for large-scale items, such as heating and
it is fun for the entire family. This is not a model which will
cooling buildings. While it is used for that purpose, it can
sit on a shelf collecting dust, this model will probably make
also be used for smaller items, more personal items.
its way to the classroom for show and tell.
And now, you can purchase a Solar Hat! This amazing

30 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 TOP 10 GADGETS @ CONSUMER
ELECTRONICS SHOW 2009
The International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) is a non-public trade show held each January in Las Vegas, Nevada,
and is sponsored by the Consumer Electronics Association. At the show, many previews of products are introduced, or
new products are announced. The show is held at the Las Vegas Convention Center with additional venues used for
certain specialties. The CES is considered one of the major technology-related trade shows, after Comdex was cance-
lled.
Technology, whether medical, constructive or state-of-the-art has certainly evolved with time. While some in the past
year chose to use technology as a means to destroy a nation through terror attacks, smart chaps on the other end of
the globe decided to flaunt their technology in the New Year through innovative and intelligent devices at the
Consumer Electronics Show 2009 (CES).
Held from January 8 to January 11, the CES 2009 lasted just 4 days. However the event definitely managed to give us
technology lovers some soul-stirring devices. This year at the CES, gadget freaks were thrilled to lay their hands on some
really innovative products that we think should rock 2009. The products don’t just manage to use technology to the
best of their advantage, but they also leave us in awe for sheer use of intelligence. So here is a list of which were the top
10 gadgets that were displayed at one of world’s largest technology affairs.

1)HP TouchSmart dx9000

Touch these days is a technology that hasn’t been left ‘untouched’ by practically any
device manufacturer. We think a product at the CES that used the touch technology
to the best of its capabilities is the HP TouchSmart dx9000 PC. As the name suggests,
the desktop PC is enabled with touch functionality and will certainly catch your eye
with its sleek design. The novel PC incorporates a 22” high-def widescreen display
along with other features like Intel Core 2 Duo Processor and HD support. The PC
packs in the HP TouchSmart software which has been particularly optimized for
touch interactions. The touch enabled all-in–one desktop PC is also available in a
25.5” display option. While the 22” display will cost around $1,199, the 25” HP
TouchSmart Desktop will cost around $1799.99.

2) Sony Vaio P series notebook

We can certainly say that the Sony Vaio P series notebook was one of the most
awaited products of 2009. The gadget created quite a rage in the technology terrain
once it was launched. The highlight of the P notebook is its small form factor that
resembles a mobile phone. The Vaio P series lifestyle PC has an 8” 1600 x 768, LED
backlit 8-inch ultra-wide diagonal display and combines Sony’s XBRITE-ECO LCD
technology with some great functionality. Available in many colors, namely garnet
red, emerald green, onyx black, crystal white and classic black, the notebook is
powered by the Windows Vista OS and weighs just about 1.4 pounds. Lasting about 4
hours in battery life, the VAIO P Series Lifestyle PC comes for a starting price of
$899.99.
3)Palm Pre smart phone
While smart phones may have been the talk of the town in the past year, we think not too many mobile phones

31 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 managed to leave an impression at the CES. Though one device that seemed to catch the
eye of practically one and all was Palm’s novel Pre smartphone that came bundled in with
a new platform called webOS. With a large 3.1” HVGA touch screen, the phone offers a
host of connectivity options too including Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Equipped with a 3 mega
pixel camera, the Palm Pre boasts of 8 GB internal storage. While we have no updates on
the pricing details, the Palm Pre smartphone is expected to launch exclusively through
Sprint in Q1 of 2009.

4) Logitech Harmony 1100

Logitech’s latest innovation, the Harmony 1100 Advanced Universal Remote is
meant to take a user’s home entertainment experience to elevated heights. In a
stylish design, the award winning device is wrapped with some really cool
features. Encased with a brushed-black aluminum top case, the Harmony 1100
includes a 3.5” QVGA touch screen that is customizable along with a rechar-
geable battery, RF- capability and an optional Harmony RF Extender. The high spot
of the stylish remote is its user-friendly touch interface that is very simple to use.
Well, we can’t wait until this one starts shipping in February 2009. The Logitech Harmony 1100 Advanced Universal
Remote will come for an approximate price of $499.99.

5) Samsung BD-P4600
The next device which we think caught the fantasy of many at the CES
2009 in the home entertainment category is Samsung’s BD-6400 Blu-ray
player. Adorning a stylish form factor, the player bundles in many
functions that should excite multimedia enthusiasts. Dressed in a piano
black design with ruby accents on the edges, the Samsung BD6400 is
just about 1.5” in thickness. Offering complete support for HD 1080p,
the Blu-ray player includes many advanced features that make it stand
out in the crowd. To top it, the BD-6400 Blu-ray player can be mounted
on a wall at a 25 degree angle thanks to its distinct stand. There is no word yet on the price or availability of this
distinguished device.

6) Samsung HT-BD7200 2.1-Channel Blu-ray HomeTheater System

Besides the Blu-ray player, Samsung also showed off a new home theatre system
called the HT-BD7200. We think it manages to stand out in the crowd of the many
home entertainment systems revealed thanks to its stylish [Link] Samsung’s
signature ToC design accents, the system is astonishingly just 2.6” deep. The ultra-cool
home entertainment system also supports an iPod dock besides offering compatibility
to the BD-Live technology. The Blu-ray system boasts of a 5.1 channel surround sound
that offers a 1000W output. With support for low power consumption, the Blu-ray
home theater system also includes an improved amplifier engine. There are no details
on the price or availability of the Samsung HT-BD7200 Home Theater System.

32 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

7) Logitech G19 Gaming Keyboard
The CES also had loads in store for gaming enthusiasts. One such gadget
that seemed to have caught the fantasy of most gamers was Keyboard by
Logitech. The keyboard is bundled with 12 fully programmable G-keys
that offer 3-macros per key support. With a multi-key input functionality,
the G19 keyboard is bound to enhance a gamer’s
experience while playing on the computer. The keyboard also supports 2
USB ports and is compatible with both, Mac and Windows computer
systems. The powerful keyboard should launch around March 2009 in
Europe and US for an approximate price of $199.99.

8) Sony Wi-Fi DSC-G3 camera

While there were many exciting digital cameras launched at the CES, one
that really grabbed our attention was Sony’s new Wi-Fi DSC-G3 cyber shot
digital camera. A camera that is equipped with complete Wi-Fi enabled
functionality, now that’s really cool! We think the digital camera reveals how
technology is indeed enhancing at a sky rocketing pace. Besides the Wi-Fi
connectivity option, features the camera wraps in include a 3.5” Xtra Fine LCD
display, 10 MP image sensor, 4 GB internal memory and many other
advanced image management tools. Dressed in black color, Sony’s super cool
Wi-Fi DSC-G3 digital camera is up for grabs now at a price of around $500.

9) Sennheiser HD 800 earphones

Germans, we must say, are known to deliver some of the most innovative technologies. Doing
just that, German based Sennheiser showed off their novel headphones called HD 800. The
headphones are all ready to create a stir in the audio terrain thanks to their unique blend of
technology and design materials. In a new open back ear cup design, the earphones will
certainly excite dedicated audiophiles. Highlights of the new earphones is its large transducer
that make the earphones more powerful while the Japanese Alcantara materials used for the
ear pads increases the comfort factor of the earphones. The earphones are, however, heavy on
the pocket costing around $1400 for a pair.

10) iriver P7 PMP

Finally, the CES 2009 also made way for many interesting MP3 players.
Standing out in the crowd was the P7 PMP from iriver. The portable
playerwraps in many advanced features that should offer users the much
needed functionality they yearn for in a music player. The best part about
the player is that it will come in 4, 8 and 16 GB Nand Flash models with a
microSD card slot. The P7 player is also more durable and adorns a sleek
design. Sporting a 4.3” LCD, for users who are always on the move, the
player wraps in 50 hours of audio playback. The P7 player will certainly
catch the eye of many with its advanced functions like SRS WOW HD and
7 Preset EQ settings.

33 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 1) Picasa:
Google’s free image editing and management software Picasa has a
wild side that few people know about. Open Picasa and press Ctrl-
Shift-Y, and a teddy bear will pop up. Keep pressing those keys and
watch out for the sloth (or sleuth) of red-bow tied bears that take
over the program!

2) Wanda a Fish
1) Goto the run dialog in Gnome.
2) Type the following phrase without quotes "free the fish".
3) Click the Run Button.
A fish called Wanda should pop up and wander around the desktop.

3) Like galaxian game

1.- Press alt + F2 (to exec a program)
2.- Write "gegls from outer space" (Without the quotes)
3.- Press enter.

34 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 [Link] [Link]
The awareness for global warming and [Link]
related issue has been quite in the talks [Link]
for a while in the recent times. Another

3
attempt in this direction is this social
awareness site of an organisation called
350; which aims at bringing down
the carbon content
to 350ppm. All the
concerned people
need to have a look
at this in playing an important role in

5
helping curb this problem. This site has links to
their activities being carried on in this direction.
Different links to their posters and banners
make the people more aware. They have
this thing to inspire people to mend their ways
to work towards the goal of bringing the
carbon content down to 350ppm. Striking feature of the site is the front page picture slides of
the past activities being carried out all around the globe.

0.
All the serious people should access this site, a must-to-be-in-bookmark website to work
towards a better tomorrow. Its quite an inspiring site.
[Link]
TED, a short for Technology, Entertainment, Design is an
academic organization owned by The Sapling Foundation,
a private non-profit foundation. TED is well-known for its
annual, invitation-only conference devoted to "ideas worth

o
spreading". TED is famous for its lectures, known as TED
Talks, which originally focused on technology,
entertainment and design, but have now expanded in scope
to a broad set of topics including science, arts, politics, education, culture, business, global
issues, technology and development. Speakers have included such people as former U.S.
President Bill Clinton, U.K. Prime Minister Gordon Brown, molecular biologist James D.
Watson, physicist Murray Gell-Mann, former Vice President of the United States Al Gore,

r
,Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates, Google co-founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page, to name a
[Link] covers all the TED Talks with an idea of being precise. Different projects and
seminars have their links on the website and many new updates in the field of technology
world-wide. World renowned technocrats showcase their innovative ideas on this site.
[Link]
Wikipedia parodies Uncyclopedia. Yeah, you got that right, at least
according to this article on Uncyclopedia. Uncyclopedia, ‘the content free
encyclopedia’, hosted by Wikia is the website that parodies Wikipedia,

g
and claims the exactly opposite. Founded in 2005, with English as only language, it now
spans over 50 languages, according to wiki. It uses different sarcasms and humor for its
contents on people and places. The hollow potato logo, it ‘fakes’ the globe of Wikipedia. Its
Wikipedia page is a perfect irony of the Uncyclopedia page of Wikipedia.
This site is real fun, and worth visiting, at least once.

35 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 [Link]
SourceForge is a web-based source code
repository. It acts as a centralized location for
software developers to control and manage
open source software development. The
website is operated by SourceForge, Inc.
(formerly VA Software). SourceForge
repository hosts more than 230,000 projects
and more than 2 million registered users,
although not all are active. The domain
[Link] attracted at least 33 million visitors by August 2009.
SourceForge offers free access to hosting and tools for developers of free/open source software.
Project developers have access to the centralized storage and tools for managing projects. Not
only free and open source software, it also provides the softwares categorized according to the
operating system. The vast number of users exposes a prominent project to a variety of users.
Given that many open source projects fail due to lack of developer support, exposure to such a
large community of developers can continually breathe new life into a project. Best promoting
the interest of the open source software community and helpful in the interaction of the various
programmers and the users.
[Link]
9down .com is a website where to look for the
regular updates of various softwares, hardwares
along with the download link too. The updates
are date-wise. A very useful site for a tech-savvy
who is online just searching for the latest
offerings in OS, applications, they being games,
multimedia, graphics, networking, security, etc.
Updating site about all the new hot and
happenings in the software or hardware market, a worthy site to have a look every 2 days
approx.
[Link]
ThinkQuest is a free, protected, online
platform for teachers and students, ThinkQuest Libraries-
sponsored by the Oracle Education The ThinkQuest Library
Foundation. Some great to be looked is an online repository
features of the site are: that hosts the 7,000+
projects created by
Online Project Environment- In the student teams for
ThinkQuest project environment, students ThinkQuest competitions.
It can be freely accessed
and teachers can create online projects.
by anyone on the
Competition- Student teams are challenged Internet.
to create online content to address educational topics or global issues. Entries can take the
form of a website or an online project (using the project environment). Winning teams
receive laptop computers, digital cameras, grants for the Coach’s school, and/or a trip to the
San Francisco Bay Area to attend ThinkQuest Live. Library

36 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Portable and ink-free
Printing:zink
● MONIKA MANN (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

With major advancements in due to which they take on is that it’s pocket sized and
technology, stationary printing different colors. This paper is portable. It has also proved to
might become obsolete. Zink typically made up of five layers. be eco-friendly as the paper is
imaging has invented a portable The first layer which is known as recyclable and doesn’t contain
printer that prints digital the ‘Base layer’ consists of an any toxic type substance.
photographs without the use of a adhesive substance in which these Using advanced heat-reactive
cartridge, thus simplifying the crystals are placed. The second crystals impregnated into the
printing layer is known as the ‘Cyan paper, Zink allows you to
process and Imaging layer’ which produce durable, full-color,
allowing you when affected by low
to print temperature releases
digital a cyan dye that is
photographs formed into the
anytime and image. The third
anywhere. layer, which is the
‘Magenta imaging layer’ releases a
Zero ink printing or ZINK in high-resolution prints from
magenta dye but only when
short is a technology that has printers so small they can
heated at a medium temperature.
been researched and developed literally fit in your pocket or be
The ‘Yellow imaging layer’ which is
by ZINK Imaging. Pioneered by a integrated into mobile imaging
the fourth layer tends to release a
group of scientists this awe devices.
yellow dye when heated at a high
inspiring technology provides an temperature. And last but not the Due to the nature of the print
easy and convenient alternative to least comes the ‘Overcoat layer’ technology, size isn't an issue,
bulky printers and ink cartridges which protects the image from any and commercial Zink printers
while maintaining high quality sort of damage once it has been will be easily able to reel off
printing. printed. banners and posters of any
length. As for cost, Zink paper is
Mechanism of Outcome of expected to cost around 20
cents per small print upon its
Zero ink Zero ink printing initial release – already a very

printing
attractive price point but one
The prints obtained from that will surely come down with
ZINK printers can produce volume.
ZINK uses a special paper with millions of colors with accuracy.
embedded dye crystals known as Though this technology is new,
‘Amorphocromic’ crystals which it’s known to give out vibrant ~*~
stimulates into different colors on and clean prints that are
heating. These crystals respond waterproof, durable and
differently to heat impulses of heatproof. The major
varying duration and intensities, advantage of using this printer

37 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Touch Screens for Many Fingers
● MAMTA DABRA (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

unleashed in screens far larger screen "becomes interesting,"

than those on phones. Over the he says, "because multiple
Researchers have past few years, Jeff Han, consulting
research scientist at New York
users can then become
collaborators." Such
bigger plans for multi- University, has developed an collaboration could take many
touch screens than inexpensive way to make large forms, from brainstorming
the novel interface on multi-touch screens sessions using networked,
Apple's iPhone. accommodating 10, 20, or even interactive whiteboards to
more fingers. He envisions animation collaborations at
applications ranging from which six hands can mould the
When Steve Jobs demonstrated interactive whiteboards to touch- face of a monster. Perceptive
Apple's new phone at Macworld screen tables and digital walls--any Pixel is set to ship its first wall-
recently, the feature that elicited of which could be manipulated by size touch screen to an
the most "oohs" and "aahs" from more than just one person. Han undisclosed U.S. military
the audience was the touch- has unveiled Perceptive Pixel, his customer.
screen interface: it allowed more new company based on the
than
one
touch
at a
time.
This

"multi-touch" technology adds technology.

functions such as allowing a "The new iPhone is too ~*~
person to easily zoom in and out small to be a very interesting
of pictures and Web pages by multi-touch device," says Han,
pinching the screen with two who demonstrates his
fingers. technology on YouTube video.
That's because multi-touch
But the full power of multi- technology implies multiple
touch technology might be users. More than one person
gathered around a large touch
38 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0
Operating System War
● RAGHU SHARMA (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Once again, the battle begins... drive space than previous version, (just for 32-bit) and 20 GB (16 for 32-bit) of
5GB for the basic installation), freeing hard disk space and 1 GHz processor.
Apple Mac OS Snow Leopard, the upto 7 GB.
seventh (and world's most advanced OS,
as stated by Apple) release of OS X, Windows 7 Google Chrome OS:
Microsoft Windows 7 and the Google
Chrome OS: three giants of digital Windows 7 (codenamed
Expected to be released in the
revolution with their OS. Here is a Blackcomb/Vienna), an Operating
second half of 2010, the beta version
glimpse. System from Microsoft released on
has already been out based on SUSE
October 22, 2009.
Linux.
OS X Snow Leopard: This OS has been
Google
Released on August 28, 2009, the 64- made to provide
Chrome OS
bit ‘Snowy’ is available as an upgrade much friendly user
will be open
from OS X Leopard. All the built in interface. The all new
source and
applications are 64 bit, but the OS has taskbar gets all the
free OS. It will
backward compatibility for 32 bit press. It takes some
be light
applications as well. ideas from Mac OS X
weight, based
dock like larger icons
on Chrome
For visuals, there’s not much and application launcher. The quick
web browser targeted towards net
difference but a few refinements from its launch has been replaced by pinning
books. It is based on Linux kernel. Its
previous version. Dock Expose simply option in the taskbar. Reordering of
code will be open sourced later this
links Expose taskbar buttons,
year.
to the Dock show desktop on
as expected. the right side It has its own windowing system as
But Snow (default), Aero opposed to X Window System which is
Leopard is Peek, Aero Snap, standard windowing system for Linux
more secure windows media platform. The user interface is
as its 64 bit player 12 are minimal, as most experience takes
applications some included place on the cloud. It is being created
use more features in for the people who spend most of
advanced security techniques to fend off windows 7. their time on the cloud.
malicious code, using function argument
The user interface has been Its underlying architecture is
passing mechanism.
significantly improved by providing a lot completely redesigned in order to
With the introduction of GCD (Grand of options like 13 additional sound improve security, so that users don’t
Central Dispatch) technology, OS X fully themes, multiple have to deal with viruses,
utilises the multi-core processors by windows malware and security
distributing the work over all available environments, updates.
cores, resulting in the improvement of wallpaper
performance and computing capabilities switching, jump list
of the processors. to allow easy ~*~
access to most
OpenCL (Open Computing Language)
common tasks etc.
is a c based programming language that
utilizes the power of GPUs and makes Not only user
them available for general purpose interface and
computing. visuals, Windows 7
also has improved start-up time.
It introduces QuickTime X, with
enhanced audio and video experience. The hardware requirements are
almost same for 32 bit OS. For 64 bit
This OS X version requires lesser hard
versions, it requires 2 GB of RAM (1 GB

39 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Wireless Network Modded
to See Through Walls
● ARNIKA GARG (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)
by multiple receivers, it is possible immediately form a network
The way signal strength to build up a picture of the and self-localize, perhaps using
varies in a wireless network can movement within it. And the test information about the size and
reveal what's going on behind is able to locate moving objects in shape of the building from a
closed doors. the room to within a meter or so. database (eg Google maps) and
It's everybody’s dream: an That's not bad, and the team says some known-location
easy way of looking through there is ample potential for coordinates (eg using GPS).
walls to spy on neighbors, improvement by increasing Then, nodes begin to transmit,
monitor siblings, accuracy while making signal strength
and keep tabs reducing the measurements on links which
on the sweet jar. number of nodes. cross the building or area of
And now a interest. The received signal
dream no The advantage
of this technique strength measurements of
longer.. each link are transmitted back
Researchers at over others is,
first, its cost. The to a base station and used to
the University of estimate the positions of
Utah say that nodes in such a
network are off-the-shelf and moving people and objects
the way radio signals vary in a within the building."
wireless network can reveal the therefore cheap. Other through-
movement of people behind wall viewing systems cost in That's ambitious, but if they do
closed doors. A technique called excess of $100,000. The second get their system to the point
variance-based radio advantage is the ease with which where it can be used like this, it
tomographic imaging that it can be set up. raises another problem: privacy.
processes the signals to reveal Of course, in the cat-and-mouse
game of surveillance, it shouldn't
signs of movement, is developed.
The idea is tested with a 34-node
Project in a view be too hard to build a device that
wireless network using the IEEE A building imaging scenario disables such a monitoring
802.15.4 wireless protocol. is envisioned similar to the network.
following. Emergency ~*~
The basic idea is that the signal
responders, military forces, or
strength at any point in a network
police arrive at a scene where
is the sum of all the paths the
entry into a building is
radio waves can take to get to the
potentially dangerous. Radio
receiver. Any change in the volume
sensors around (and potentially
of space through which the signals
on top of) the building area are
pass, for example caused by the
deployed, either by throwing or
movement of a person, makes the
launching them, or dropping
signal strength vary. So by
them while moving around the
"interrogating" this volume of
building. The nodes
space with many signals, picked up

40 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Electronic Evolution: Research Show
Robots Forming Human-like
Societies
● ASEEM BANSAL ([Link] 2nd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

shut down and those that had the cheats and martyrs.
most charge left in their batteries
A lone group of Swiss scientists were chosen as “successful”, and
Transistorized traitors emerged
have been using scattered LEDs, which wrongly identified poison
their neural programming was zone as food ,luring their trusting
neural circuitry, and an army of combined to produce the next
miniature robots to explore the brethren to their doom before
generation of the robots. These scooting off to silently charge in a
very basis of good and evil. No, offspring are downloaded into the
you aren’t reading the back cover food zone – presumably while
same mechanical bodies their using a mechanical claw to twirl a
of a DVD in parents
the “one silicon carving of a handlebar
dollar each, moustache.
please get You might be upset by this
this trash out result, scientific proof that who
of our store” say “Evil is utterly fundamental to
bin of your human nature” actually
local understates the scope of the
blockbuster- problem, there were also silicon
this research souls of the angels. Some robots
is very real advanced fearlessly into the
and very, poison zone, flashing warning
very lights to keep other robots out of
awesome. harms way.
Dario At this rate of evolution, how
Floreano and long we start to see other
his team at behaviours? Maybe polarized
Laboratory of Intelligent Systems inhabitated , forming an closed- priests, warning other robots not
in the Swiss Federal Institute of circuit Buddhist system which to eat any food so that they may
Technology built a swarm of might be an extremely efficient receive infinite food after they’re
mobile robots, outfitted with light method of maintaining a stable switched off .Or actorbot, given
bulbs and photodetectors. These population ,but will provide a huge quantities of food because
were set loose in a zone with serious headache for any robot they can pretend to be turned off
illuminated “food” and “poison” philosophers who might turn up. by poison really well?
zones which charged or depleted Which could happen before
their batteries. Their programming long? Within fifty generations of
was initially random, so the first ~*~
this electronic evaluation, co-
generation staggered around the operative societies of robots had
place like bunch of concussed formed-helping each other to find
pipes. food and avoid poison. Even more
At intervals, the robots were amazing is the emergence of
41 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0
New Electronic Concept:
How Hybrid Motors Could
Become Cheaper
● PRATEEK BANSAL(ECE 2nd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Not all that long ago, The production of of 12 V is

hybrid vehicles were still hybrid drives is still sufficient
really exotic. Now, you see very expensive. This to power
them more and more begs the question as a car
frequently on our roads. to how hybrid radio.
However, hybrid cars are not vehicles can be constructed Inverters, which convert the
mass-produced as their more cost-effectively. A direct current into an
production costs are still substantial proportion of the alternating current, and
relatively high. A researcher costs is swallowed up by the DC/DC converters, which
from ETH Zurich has now electric motor and the power transfer the power between
developed a new concept as electronic energy the two batteries for the two
part of her doctoral thesis management system, in voltage levels, are therefore
that integrates power which inverters and DC/DC important power electronic
electronic functions and an converters play a crucial role. components in hybrid or
electric motor, which could In this approach the power electric vehicles. For current
reduce the costs of producing electronics and the electric hybrid vehicles, these
hybrid cars. motor perform several converters are located
functions simultaneously. The outside the electric motor.
Ever since Hollywood stars multiple use of the electronic
like Leonardo DiCaprio and A system developed
parts and the motor also integrates the inverter, the
Cameron Diaz began to drive saves volume.
up to the red carpet in their DC/DC converter and the
hybrid cars, hybrids have Combination with electric motor functionally;
become increasingly motor has its condenses the functions of
interesting to the the drive and the DC/DC
advantages
conventional car market. As converter in combination,
In conventional hybrid therefore certain electronic
the public climate debate
vehicles, batteries not only components and the motor
continues, hybrid cars with a
power the electric motor, but lamination stack can be
combination of a combustion
also the radio, ventilation and shared. Large quantities of
engine and an electric motor
the lights. Unlike the such functionally integrated
have increasingly become the
electrical drive system, for systems will be cheaper as
focus of research projects.
which a high DC voltage of fewer raw materials are
Hybrid drives 200 – 600 V has to be needed.
converted into a three-phase
still costly AC voltage, a low DC voltage
~*~

43 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Designing Tools for Space
● NITIN BANSAL (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Engineering Tools astronauts perform tasks requirements for tools for space
that are difficult to operation include:
to be used in Zero- perform while wearing
 A minimal tool weight so
gloves.
g Environment Some hand
as to not
impact total
Astronauts have to use specially tools include
vehicle
designed tools when working in a washer
weight
space. extraction
 Cannot
tool,
When NASA astronauts embarked cause tears
fastener
on Servicing Mission 4 to the Hubble or cuts
capture
Space Telescope in May 2009, they  Must be
plates, and
brought with them a variety of operational in
specialized fixturing.
specialized tools to perform the temperatures from -150F
servicing operations in a zero-g,  Power Tools - The
to +150F
vacuum environment. primary power tool used
by astronauts is a pistol-  Must be operational in a
vacuum environment
Types of Space grip tool, similar to a
 Must be operational
cordless drill. This version
Tools is designed to rotate at while wearing pressurized
about 15 RPM. A gloves
There are three types of tools
specialized mini pistol-grip  Must be able to
used by astronauts both inside of
tool was developed for the withstand launch forces
the Shuttle and the ISS, as well as
Hubble Servicing Mission and vibrations
outside:
that had a
 Crew faster rate,
Where are Space
Aids – about 210 Tools Designed?
hand rails, RPM, to
foot allow The tools for the Hubble Space
restraints, astronauts Telescope repair missions were
tether to remove developed by the Hubble Space
devices. the many Telescope Extravehicular Activity
These are screws on Team at the Goddard Space Flight
generally the Center in Greenbelt, MD. Goddard
passive telescope is the center for the development
devices that help components quickly. and testing of tools and devices
astronauts maneuver and for all NASA operations.
brace themselves as they Requirements for Astronauts rely heavily on the
work both inside and
outside of crew spaces. Space Tool Design functionality and quality of their
tools and devices while operating
However, the ISS has a When in space, astronauts live in space. Engineers provide a
200-foot network of rail and work in a hostile environment significant service in ensuring
lines with cable-driven that is different in many ways these tools meet the needs of the
controls integrated into from working on earth. Much of astronauts.
the truss’ design to serve the equipment in spacecraft is
as transportation for ~*~
specially designed for zero-g
astronauts and equipment. operations, and this design
 Hand Tools – These specialization is particularly SOURCE: NASA WEBSITE
manual tools help applicable to tools. Some of the
44 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0
 MICROHOO...
 Tanisha Chaudhary (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Microhoo stands for profession ever since. means more relevant searches
Microsoft + Yahoo. Microsoft So these mistakes made long and ads, which means more
has moved to buy Yahoo! for ago created the new Microhoo. money can be charged to
$44 billion. It's going to validate advertisers. The way advertising
Yahoo will become the salesman
a lot of innovation at Yahoo.
and public face for Microsoft’s works is through a positive
Yahoo! is great at content feedback loop, where the bigger
technology.
and online innovation, though. you get, the better you get.
That's what Microsoft needs "Microhoo" is finally a done
right now. The deal Microsoft deal, but the main question is that Next important question is that
and Yahoo made to combine will it really be able to make a even if the combined forces of
their ad and search efforts has dent in Google's enormous search Microsoft and Yahoo build a
its roots in the mid-1990s, near search engine that's 10 times
market lead? It's a difficult feat for
the dawn of the Web.
sure. Google maintains 65% of the better than Google's, will it
It was then Yahoo CEO Tim matter?
U.S. search market, compared to a
Koogle who made the decision
that Yahoo would become a combined 28% for Microsoft and The difficulty lies in the fact
“portal,” a gateway to an Yahoo. But the newly partnered
that user behavior is a tough nut
internal Web world. All the tech giants are hoping that one
to crack. And Google, with close
smart guys in New York and in plus one equals more than two. to 75 percent of search share, is
the mainstream media were By combining the ... technology of
far and away not only the verbs
urging this. Search, they said, both companies, they can create a
when it comes to search but the
was limited, it was techie, it was
real, viable alternative for undisputed market leader. Even
obscure. The real growth was in
media. advertisers." combined with Yahoo, Microsoft
Around the same time In other will now own only 21
Microsoft + percent of the
Microsoft decided it must words, size
Yahoo… Will it be
“embrace and extend” its really domestic search
able to make any
monopoly from Windows to matters to market and much
impact on 68%
Office to the Web, through less than that
a- search market
Internet Explorer. Rather than overseas.
selling what it made, it would
dvertisers share of Google
bundle its monopoly products in the alone in US? Let But the merger
with its browser and dominate search the hearts and says that it will give
that way. This led to its antitrust market. minds decide… consumers more
case, and it has embraced, even More data choice. Yet when it co
extended itself into, the legal
46 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0
comes to search, consumers Microsoft is aggressive. Microsoft much more attractive to
seem to have already made a is innovative. Microsoft has advertisers, ergo not that much
firm decision. zillions of dollars to invest in more competitive.
developers, research, marketing,
If any company is aware of how
and advertising. “Bing” is a
difficult it is for consumers to mighty good search engine. But Ironically, those who may
make this type of shift, it's in the end, it may not matter all
stand to immediately benefit
Microsoft. The company's very that much unless more
consumers use it to search. from this new partnership are
foundations are rooted in
traditional publishers.
consumer loyalty to the Windows Plenty of advertisers have
praised Bing, its advertiser Innovation is wonderful.
operating system. Windows is
interface, and the ways they can Improved, faster, more reliable,
the most insecure and unreliable
slice, dice, and, segment target and more accurate search is
OS on the market. Yet that audiences on the platform. useful, exciting, valuable, and
doesn't stop Windows from Despite the kudos, they admit
interesting. But what Yahoo and
having close to a 90 percent they're still going with Google.
global market share. That's where the critical mass is. Microsoft now face isn't merely
a battle for improving and
One can tout product benefits innovating search platforms, it's
until the cows come home, but it Sure, the Microsoft/Yahoo deal a battle for hearts and minds.
won't necessarily give you an is probably good for advertisers.
edge. I think Pepsi tastes better A larger user base will make
than Coke. So do the Microhoo that much more
overwhelming number of interesting to advertisers and
consumers who have taken the probably help lower CPC (define)
Pepsi Challenge over the past 30 costs. But unless the new
years. Yet Pepsi remains solidly at initiative can lure a substantial ~*~
number two in the cola market, number of searchers away from
and no one sees it going Google and over to this new
anywhere anytime soon. camp, it's not going to be that

47 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 THE BIG PICTURE The multi-monitor setup
 Monika Mann (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)
allows you to connect two
or more monitors to a
single system and gain
the benefits of a single
large monitor.
monitors can be configured in the
graphics driver’s control panel.
Step 2: Layout and display settings
To change the display settings and to
check the order in which the monitors
are connected. Right-click on the
‘Desktop’ and click on ‘Properties’. Go
to ‘Display Settings’, here you will see
the monitors connected to your system.
Click on ‘Identify Monitors’ and a
number will be displayed on each of the
monitors for a brief time. Depending on
the type of layout you want, arrange
the monitors by dragging and dropping
From 14-inch to 30-inch, sometimes compatible motherboard. This setup is them in the ‘Display Settings’ dialog
compatible with a system running any box. After you click ‘Apply’ or ‘OK’, the
the size of the desktop is just not version of Microsoft Windows or Linux. monitors will be mapped according to
enough if you have many applications Support for multiple monitors is built your layout. You should be able to move
running simultaneously on your into the graphics driver by default, so your mouse pointer across all the
system. The multi-monitor setup you don’t have to download any third connected monitor as if you had a
allows you to connect two or more party utility. The multi-monitor single desktop.
monitors to a single system to get all management software is specific to the
the benefits of a single large monitor. graphic card you are using—nView
By setting up multiple monitors you which is a component of NVIDIA’s
can watch videos or images on the Forceware drivers ([Link]. com)
huge display. You can also view those and HydraVison which is an add-on for
never-ending Excel spreadsheets and the ATI Catalyst Control Center
work efficiently without having to ([Link]).
scroll up and down the page. This How to Synchronize?
setup can also be used to give you a
more realistic experience while Step 1: Connect the monitors
playing flight simulator. To setup Connect the monitors to the graphics
multiple monitors, you require single card(s). You don’t need to connect them <<display settings with the
or multiple graphics cards which have in any particular sequence or to specific idenification on each of the moniors>>
dual-link DVI output. You can also use ports. The layout and sequence of the
a graphics card with a single DVI port
in hybrid graphics mode with a

48 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 option to ‘Switch Desktop with Mouse each monitor in a multi-monitor setup.
Wheel’ and ‘Preserve Display Setting’. The taskbar can further be configured
Step 3: HydraVison
After you ‘Enable Multi Desktop’, a to show only the tasks running on that
new control ‘Virtual Desktop’ control monitor or all the tasks running across
HydraVision is a multi-monitor appears. By using this you can the entire desktop. It also allows you
management software for ATI graphics configure the settings for each to move windows across the monitors.
card. After you download and install desktop. This utility adds a ‘Maximize to
the software, a new tab appears in the Desktop’ button to the title bar of
Catalyst Control Center. The every window. On clicking this button,
Step 4: DisplayFusion the window will maximize across all
HydraVision tab consists of three
controls—HydraGrid, Desktop the monitors. UltraMon also allows
Manager and Multi Desktop. From the you to add hotkeys, create custom
DisplayFusion is a freeware utility
HydraGrid control, you can assign grids which allows you to set desktop menu commands and enable/disable
to your desktop. These grids can be monitors in case you are not using
wallpaper which will span across all
used to manage your workspace them. Finally, UltraMon also allows
the monitors. It also lets you set
efficiently by arranging the windows of individual wallpapers for each monitor. you to modify the Screensaver,
running applications in a predefined Wallpaper, Shortcuts and Windows
One of the distinct features of
manner. Click the ‘Show Grid’ button DisplayFusion is that it allows you to Display Properties. You simply have to
to see the default grids across your right-click on the UltraMon icon in the
search and download images from
desktop, and then click ‘Edit system tray to do this.
Flickr which can be used as wallpapers.
HydraGrid’ to edit the grid layout. The The ‘Size Mode’ drop down list has
Grid Control Settings has the option to different settings to set the aspect
‘Delete All Grids’ as well as use the Step 6: nView
ratio of the image. Make sure that you
‘Preset Grid Layout’. You can also use high resolution images as
change the grid layout by dragging the wallpapers or else the resulting display nView is a multi-monitor
borders of the grids. If you want to will be pixilated. management utility specially meant for
assign the location of the application NVIDIA graphics cards and is built into
to a gird, just right-click on the title the Forceware drivers. It has three
bar and select ‘Attach to Grid’. In the Step 5: UltraMon control settings—3D Setting, Display
Desktop Manager control, the options and Video & Television.
such as ‘Enable Desktop Manger’,
‘Preserve Application Position & Size’ UltraMon is a freeware utility which In the 3D settings control you can
and ‘Allow Spanning Across Display’ assists in the management of your modify the 3D settings such as
can be enabled/disabled. The Multi multi-monitor setup. By using this anisotropic and anti-aliasing filtering.
Desktop controls allow you to enable utility, you can add a taskbar to each The Display controls allow you to
multiple desktops across all the monitor connected to your system. modify the resolution, color and setup
monitors. HydraVision allows you to This is a unique feature because the of multiple displays. If you don’t want
create up to nine desktops, with an taskbar does not appear by default on a single desktop, you can choose to
mirror the desktop on other monitors.

~*~

49 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

SMART DUST
 Monika Mann (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

The current ultramodern they can monitor the environment for

light, sound, temperature, chemical
shear, onto the mote. An integrated
circuit provides sensor-signal
technologies are focusing on composition and a wide range of other processing, communication, control,
automation and miniaturization. The information, and beam that data back data storage, and energy management.
decreasing computing device size, to the base station, miles away. A photodiode allows optical data
increased connectivity and enhanced reception.
interaction with the physical world INTERNAL BUILD-UP
have characterized computing Smart Dust requires both
history. Recently, the popularity of evolutionary and revolutionary
small computing devices, such as advances in miniaturization, integration,
hand held computers and cell and energy management. Designers can
phones; rapidly flourishing internet use microelectromechanical systems to (A smart dust
group and the diminishing size and build small sensors, optical chip)
cost of sensors and especially communication components, and
transistors have accelerated these power supplies, whereas
strengths. The emergence of small There are presently two transmission
microelectronics provides increasing
computing elements, with sporadic functionality in smaller areas, with schemes: passive transmission using a
connectivity and increased corner-cube retro reflector, and an
lower energy consumption. The power
interaction with the environment, active transmissionusing a corner-cube
system consists of a thick-film battery, a
provides enriched opportunities to retro reflector, and an active
solar cell with a charge-integrating
reshape interactions between people capacitor for periods of darkness, or transmission that uses a laser diode and
and computers and spur ubiquitous both. Depending on its objective, the steerable mirrors.
computing researches. design integrates various sensors,
Smart dust is tiny electronic device including light, temperature, vibration,
designed to capture mountains of magnetic field, acoustic, and wind
information about their surroundings
while literally floating on air.
Nowadays, sensors, computers and
communicators are shrinking down to
ridiculously small sizes. If all of these
are packed into a single tiny device, it
can open up new dimensions in the
field of communications.
The basic idea behind 'smart dust'
is to pack sophisticated sensors, tiny
computers and wireless
communicators in to a cubic-
millimeter mote to form the basis of
integrated, massively distributed
sensor networks. They will be light
enough to remain suspended in air
for hours. As the motes drift on wind,

50 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

WORKING AT A GLANCE corresponding sensor, takes a sample, scud hunting.
and converts it to a digital word. If the
The smart dust mote is run by a · Product quality monitoring
data is interesting, it may either be
microcontroller that not only Temperature, humidity monitoring
stored directly in the SRAM or the
determines the task performed by the of meat products, dairy products.
microcontroller is powered up to
mote, but consists of the power to the
perform more complex operations · Other applications
various components of the system to
with it. When
conserve energy. Impact, vibration, temp
Periodically the Glue a smart dust mote on this task is
complete, monitoring of consumer electronics,
micro controller your fingernails. everything is failure analysis and diagnostic
gets a reading Accelerometers will sense information, e.g. monitoring vibration
again powered
from one of the of bearings for frequency signatures
sensors, which their orientation and down and the
timer begins indicating imminent failure.
measures one of motion, and talk to the counting again.
a number of ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
computer in your watch….
physical or AREA OF A lot of people seem to be
chemical stimuli APPLICATION worried about environmental impact.
such as Not to worry! Even in the wildest
A typical application scenario is
temperature, ambient light, vibration, imagination we don't think that we'll
scattering a hundred of these sensors
acceleration, or air pressure, processes ever produce enough Smart Dust to
around a building or around a hospital
the data, and stores it in memory. It bother anyone. If Intel stopped
to monitor temperature or humidity,
also turns on optical receiver to see if producing Pentia and produced only
track patient movements, or inform of
anyone is trying to communicate with Smart Dust, and you spread them
disasters, such as earthquakes. They
it. This communication may include evenly around the country, you'd get
can be useful as a remote sensor chip
new programs or messages from other around one grain-of-sand sized mote
to track enemy movements, detect
motes. In response to a message or per acre per year. If by ill chance you
poisonous gas or radioactivity for
upon its own initiative, the did inhale one, it would be just like
defense purposes. The ease and low
microcontroller will use the corner- inhaling a gnat. You'd cough it up post-
cost of such applications have raised
cube retro reflector or laser to haste. Unpleasant, but not very likely.
privacy concerns.
transmit sensor data or a message to a
Consider the scale - if we make a
base station or another mote. · Virtual keyboard
million dust motes, they have a total
The primary constraint in the Glue a dust mote on each of your volume of one liter. Throwing a liter
design of the Smart Dust motes is fingernails. Accelerometers will sense worth of batteries into the
volume, which in turn puts a severe the orientation and motion of each of environment is certainly not going to
constraint on energy since we do not your fingertips, and talk to the help it, but in the big picture it
have much room for batteries or large computer in your watch. QWERTY is probably doesn't make it very high on
solar cells. Thus, the motes must the first step to proving the concept, the list of bad things to do to the
operate efficiently and conserve but you can imagine much more useful planet.
energy whenever possible. Most of the and creative ways to interface to your
time, the majority of the mote is computer if it knows where your
powered off with only a clock and a fingers are: sculpt 3D shapes in virtual
few timers running. When a timer clay, play the piano, gesture in sign
expires, it powers up a part of the language and have to computer
mote to carry out a job, then powers translate. ~*~
off. A few of the timers control the
· Defense-related sensor
sensors that measure one of a number
of physical or chemical stimuli as networks
mentioned above. When one of these Battlefield surveillance, treaty
timers expires, it powers up the monitoring, transportation monitoring,
51 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0
THE ROAD RUNNER
▪ Monit Shah Singh (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

When one comes across the word tunnels, simulation of the detonation sustained 1.0 petaflops system. It is a
Road Runner, what gets clicked in the
mind? Well, a guess may work A
thing..? naaahhh! An animal..?
Getting a little closer. A cartoon…!
yeaahhh… How can one forget the
famous beep-beep created by Chuck
Jones? These lines may better explain
what the road-runner is all about

"If you're on a highway and Road

Runner goes beep-beep!
Just step aside, or you might end
up in heap!
Road Runner, Road Runner runs
on the road all day…….
……………….”
detonation of nuclear weapons, one-of-a-kind supercomputer, built
and research into nuclear fusion). from off the shelf parts, with many
Okay now let us talk about novel design features.
Halt… why this cartoon and
supercomputers.
supercomputer going around In November 2008, it reached a
A supercomputer is a computer simultaneously …! top performance of 1.456 petaflops,
that is at the frontline of current retaining its top spot in the TOP500 list.
Well, International Business
processing capacity, particularly It is also the fourth-most energy-
Machines Corporation, abbreviated
speed of calculation. Supercomputers efficient supercomputer in the world on
IBM, is a multinational computer
introduced in the 1960s were the Supermicro Green500 list, with an
technology and IT consulting
designed primarily by Seymour Cray
corporation headquartered in Armonk, operational rate of 444.94 megaflops
at Control Data Corporation (CDC),
New York, United States. Now this IBM per watt of power used.
and led the market into the 1970s.
is the creator of the fastest IBM built the computer for the U.S.
Supercomputers are used for highly
supercomputer on earth. And do you Department of Energy's (DOE) National
calculation-intensive tasks such as
know what’s its name-THE ROAD- Nuclear Security Administration. It is a
problems involving quantum
RUNNER. So, now this makes sense. hybrid design with 12,960 IBM
mechanical physics, weather
PowerXCell 8i and 6,480 AMD Opteron
forecasting, climate research, Roadrunner, built at the Los
dual-core processors in specially
molecular modeling (computing the Alamos National Laboratory in New
designed blade servers connected by
structures and properties of chemical Mexico, USA, is currently the world's
compounds, biological fastest computer. This US$133-million Infiniband. The Roadrunner uses Red
Hat Enterprise Linux along with Fedora
macromolecules, polymers, and Roadrunner has been designed for a
as its operating systems and is managed
crystals), physical simulations (such peak performance of 1.7 petaflops,
as simulation of airplanes in wind achieving 1.026 on May 25, 2008, and with xCAT distributed computing
to be the world's first TOP500 Linpack software. It also uses the Open MPI.

52 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Processors Phase 2
Roadrunner is unique for its hybrid Phase 2 known as “AAIS”
design using two different models of (Advanced Architecture Initial System)
processors. It is using AMD Opteron included building a small hybrid
2210, running at 1.8 GHz. Opterons are version of the finished system using an
used both in the computational nodes older version of the Cell processor. This
feeding the Cells with useful data and phase was used to build prototype
in the system operations and applications for the hybrid
communication nodes passing data architecture. It went online in January
between computing nodes and helping 2007.
the operators running the system. Phase 3
Roadrunner has a total of 6912 The goal of Phase 3 was to reach
Opteron processors (6480 sustained performance in excess of 1
computation, 432 operation), for a petaflops. Additional Opteron nodes
total of (12960+864) 13824 cores. and new PowerXCell processors were
Another processor which added to the design. These PowerXCell
roadrunner I using is IBM PowerXCell processors are five times as powerful
8i, running at 3.2 GHz. These as the Cell processors used in Phase 2.
processors have one general purpose It was built to full scale at IBM’s
core (PPE), and eight special Poughkeepsie, New York facility, where
performance cores (SPE) for floating it broke the 1 petaflops barrier during
point operations. Roadrunner has a its fourth attempt on May 25, 2008.
total of 12,960 PowerXCell processors, The complete system was moved to its
with 12,960 PPE cores and 103,680 permanent location in New Mexico in
SPE cores, for a total of 116,640 cores. the summer of 2008, where fine
Hebce total number of cores being tuning of the applications will continue
used are 13,824 Opteron cores + until final completion in the latter
116,640 Cell cores = 130,464 cores. stages of 2009.
Development Cycle Application Field
Roadrunner has been in The DOE plans to use the
development since 2002, and went computer for simulating how nuclear
online in 2006. Due to its novel design materials age in order to predict
and complexity it was constructed in whether the USA's aging arsenal of
three phases and became fully nuclear weapons are safe and reliable.
functional in 2008. Other uses for the Roadrunner include
Phase 1 the sciences, financial, automotive and
The first phase of the Roadrunner aerospace industries. Roadrunner
was building a standard (albeit quite differs from many contemporary
large) Opteron based cluster, while supercomputers in that it is a hybrid
evaluating the feasibility to further system, using two different processor
construct and program the future architectures.
hybrid version. This Phase 1
Roadrunner reached 71 teraflops and
has been in full operation at Los
Alamos National Laboratory doing
advanced weapons simulations since
2006. .

53 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Pleo: A Ugobe Life Form
• Ahuti Hota (Mech. 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Introducing the Realistic Baby The Camarasaurus existed in the

late-Jurassic period in North America. It
The Hardware behind Ugobe's Pleo
Sensors in his back, head, chin and
Robotic Dinosaur was an herbivore that was 60 feet long legs allow Pleo to feel and respond to
Knowing about history has always as an adult, but as a newborn was touch. Ground sensors in his feet tell
been a great experience and when it exactly Pleo’s size, about 8 inches tall him whether he’s on solid ground or has
comes to live with history itself it may and a little less than 2 feet from nose to been picked up. Tilt and shake sensors
seem mind boggling. This has been tail. help Pleo know if he has been tipped
made possible by a California based The Birth of Pleo over or is being held upside down.
company Ugobe.
Every Pleo starts off the same, but A gentle shake wakes Pleo up, but
Ugobe describes themselves as
once a Pleo hatches too forceful a grab or shake will activate
“the first company to transform the
(the first time it is his force feedback sensors, which will
relationship between humans and
turned on), he begins shut his system down to avoid internal
robots by blending emotions and
to develop a unique damage. Rear and front speakers emit
personality with logic in machines.”
personality based on the sounds Pleo makes to
Their first project, or “Life Form” as
his interactions with the world around communicate.
they call it, is Pleo, a life-like, baby,
him. He goes through three stages as he
robotic Camarasaurus. Pleo can detect sound location and
grows up. level with microphones on both sides of
The Company: About the Californian
As a hatchling, Pleo is taking in his his head. He sees and navigates using a
Ugobe
world for the first time and adjusting to colour camera in his nose, which helps
Ugobe, based in California, began the many sensations that are him determine light from dark, see
as the brainchild of a group of bombarding him. He stays in this stage colour, detect motion and avoid objects
creative designers and engineers and for about 10 minutes. Next he moves in his path. Infrared receivers and
has developed into a corporation that into infancy, an approximately hour- transmitters allow Pleos to interact with
produces Life Forms that blur the line long period during which he begins to each other and an infrared interrupter
between organic life and machine. interact with his owner, make new tells Pleo when there is something in his
They use their combined sounds and shuffle about. mouth.
knowledge in the areas of Finally, Pleo becomes a juvenile,
engineering, life sciences, philosophy which is the state he will remain in for
and artistic design to create the rest of his life. He starts to express
remarkably life-like robotics capable his personality and fully explores his
of autonomous behaviours and new home.
sensory responses.
Emotions and Drives
Pleo: the First Designer Life Form
Through his movements and sounds
In 2007, Ugobe released its first Pleo can express a variety of emotions
designer Life Form. Instead of including fear, sadness, happiness and
mimicking a cat or a dog, the playfulness. Like any living animal, he
company decided to make a robotic feels hunger, fatigue and the desire to
pet that no one could have a living be nurtured. Pleo can explore his
version of and they created a baby surroundings on his own and interact
Camarasaurus called Pleo. with his environment.

54 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 guy provokes love and nurturing in
most everyone who meets him. The
emotional effect of Pleo is especially
evident when watching a video of the
people at DVICE, a technology website,
abusing Pleo by smacking him, holding
him by the tail, shaking him, dropping
him, putting him in a bag and grabbing
him by the neck. Visit their website to
view the surprisingly horrifying video.
PleoWorld
Ugobe created [Link] as a
place for Pleo owners around the
His life-like nature has inspired many world to connect and discuss their
Pleo owners to think of him as a pet,or experiences with their Life Forms.
Pleo Tricks and Behaviours Ugobe also releases software updates
in some cases, a baby. For those
Pleo will often take to exploring on whodon’t have the time and energy to and behaviour modifications through
his own, but can also be made to enter devote to a living pet or who have PleoWorld.
exploring mode by his owner. If placed allergies, Pleo can be a welcome
near the edge of a table (not a companion.
transparent one), Pleo will recognize
There is no question that the little
when he is about to walk off and will
respond to the danger with surprised
sounds and movements. An owner can
put Pleo to sleep by holding his back, Instead of mimicking a
encouraging him to calm [Link] cat or a dog, imagine a
loves to cuddle and is very happy robotic pet that no one
when a person places his feet againsta
their chest and pets him along his could have a living
spine. He can learn to “shake a paw” version of.
and to play tug-o-war with the training
leaf that comes with him. He can also
eat the leaf, making chomping,
swallowing and even burping
[Link] can sit down in what users
have dubbed his “Scooby sit” position
or you can turn him over and try
tickling his feet to see how he giggles.
His many tricks include a balancing act
on two of his four legs and “watchdog
mode” in which he waits for intruders
and begins to bark once he senses
motion. Pleo is also quite an
accomplished singer.

Pleo Owners

55 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Interactions Between Massless
Particles May Lead To Speedy,
Powerful Electronic Devices
 Gaurav Goel (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Rutgers researchers have discovered electrons are particles that have mass. dimensions.

novel electronic properties in two- "Our work demonstrated that The FHQE is known to exist in
dimensional sheets of carbon atoms earlier failures to observe correlated semiconductor-based, two-dimensional
called graphene that could one day behavior were not due to the physical electron systems, where the electrons
be the heart of speedy and powerful nature of graphene," said Eva Andrei, are massive particles that obey
electronic devices. physics professor in the Rutgers School conventional dynamics versus the
of Arts and Sciences. "Rather, it was relativistic dynamics of massless
The new findings, previously because of interference from the particles. However, it was not obvious
considered possible by physicists but material which supported graphene until now that ultra-relativistic electrons
only now being seen in the samples and the type of electrical in graphene would be capable of
laboratory, show that electrons in probes used to study it." exhibiting collective phenomena that
graphene can interact strongly with give rise to the FHQE. The Rutgers
each other. The behavior is similar to This finding should encourage
physicists were surprised that the FHQE
superconductivity observed in some scientists to further pursue graphene in graphene is even more robust than in
metals and complex materials, and related materials for future
standard semiconductors.
marked by the flow of electric current electronic applications, including
with no resistance and other unusual replacements for today's silicon-based Scientists make graphene patches by
but potentially useful properties. In semiconductor materials. Industry rubbing graphite – the same material in
graphene, this behavior results in a experts expect silicon technology to ordinary pencil lead – onto a silicon
new liquid-like phase of matter reach fundamental performance limits wafer, which is a thin slice of silicon
consisting of fractionally charged in a little more than a decade. crystal used to make computer chips.
quasi-particles, in which charge is Then they run electrical pathways to the
The Rutgers physicists further
transported with no dissipation. graphene patches using ordinary
describe how they observed the
integrated circuit fabrication
In a paper issued online by the collective behavior of the ultra-
techniques. While scientists were able
journal Nature and slated for print relativistic charge carriers in graphene
to investigate many properties of the
publication in the coming weeks, through a phenomenon known as the
resulting graphene electronic device,
physics professor Eva Andrei and her fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE). they were not able to induce the
Rutgers colleagues note that the The FQHE is seen when charge carriers
sought-after fractional quantum Hall
strong interaction between electrons, are confined to moving in a two- effect.
also called correlated behavior, had dimensional plane and are subject to a
not been observed in graphene in perpendicular magnetic field. When Andrei and her group proposed that
spite of many attempts to coax it out. interactions between these charge impurities or irregularities in the thin
This led some scientists to question carriers are sufficiently strong they form layer of silicon dioxide underlying the
whether correlated behavior could new quasi-particles with a fraction of an graphene were preventing the scientists
even be possible in graphene, where electron's elementary charge. The FHQE from achieving the exacting conditions
the electrons are massless (ultra- is the quintessential signature of they needed. Postdoctoral fellow Xu Du
relativistic) particles like photons and strongly correlated behavior among
neutrinos. In most materials, charge-carrying particles in two

56 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 and undergraduate student
Anthony Barker were able to show that
etching out several layers of silicon
dioxide below the graphene patches
essentially leaves an intact graphene
strip suspended in mid-air by the
electrodes. This enabled the group to
demonstrate that the carriers in
suspended graphene essentially
propagate ballistically without
scattering from impurities. Another
crucial step was to design and
fabricate a probe geometry that did
not interfere with measurements as
Andrei suspected earlier ones were
doing. These proved decisive steps to
observing the correlated behavior in
[Link] the past few months,
other academic and corporate
research groups have reported
streamlined graphene production
techniques, which will propel further
research and potential applications.
Andrei's collaborators were Xu Du,
now on faculty at Stony Brook
University; Ivan Skachko, a post-
doctoral fellow; Fabian Duerr, a
master's student; and Adina Luican, a
doctoral student. The research was
supported by the Department of
Energy, the National Science
Foundation, the Institute for Complex
Adaptive Matter and Alcatel-Lucent.

57 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Smallest Electronic Component:
Researchers Create Molecular Diode
 Jitesh Yadav (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Recently, at Arizona State eventually reach its physical limits. ways, much like an ordinary resistor,"
University's Biodesign Institute, "Transistor size is reaching a few tens Tao observes. This is potentially
N.J. Tao and collaborators have of nanometers, only about 20 times useful, but the diode is a more
found a way to make a key larger than a molecule," Tao says. important (and difficult) component
electronic component on a "That's one of the reasons people to replicate (Fig 1).
phenomenally tiny scale. Their are excited about this idea of The idea of surpassing silicon
single-molecule diode is described molecular electronics." limits with a molecule-based
in this week's online edition of Diodes are critical components electronic component has been
Nature Chemistry. for a broad array of applications, around awhile. "Theoretical chemists
In the electronics world, diodes from power conversion equipment, Mark Ratner and Ari Aviram
are a versatile and ubiquitous to radios, logic gates, photodetectors proposed the use of molecules for
component. Appearing in many and light-emitting devices. In each electronics like diodes back in 1974,"
shapes and sizes, they are used in case, diodes are components that Tao says, adding "people around
an endless array of devices and are allow current to flow in one direction world have been trying to
essential ingredients for the around an electrical circuit but not accomplish this for over 30 years."
semiconductor industry. Making the other. For a molecule to perform Most efforts to date have
components including diodes this feat, Tao explains, it must be involved many molecules, Tao notes,
smaller, cheaper, faster and more physically asymmetric, with one end referring to molecular thin films.
efficient has been the holy grail of capable of forming a covalent bond Only very recently have serious
an exploding electronics field, now with the attempts
probing the nanoscale realm. negatively been made to
charged surmount the
Smaller size means cheaper cost anode and
and better performance for obstacles to
the other single-
electronic devices. The first with the
generation computer CPU used a positive molecule
few thousand transistors, Tao says cathode designs. One
noting the steep advance of silicon terminal. of the
technology. "Now even simple, challenges is
cheap computers use millions of The new to bridge a
transistors on a single chip."
But lately, the task of
miniaturization has gotten much study compares asymmetric single molecule to at least two
harder, and the famous dictum molecule with an asymmetric one, electrodes supplying current to it.
known as Moore's law—which detailing the performance of each in Another challenge involves the
states that the number of silicon- terms of electron proper orientation of the molecule
based transistors on a chip in the device. "We are now able to
transport. "If you have a symmetric
doubles every 18-24 months—will do this—to build a single molecule
molecule, the current goes both

58 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 device with a well defined The project's results raise the Binding properties between
orientation," Tao says. prospect of building single molecule molecules make them attractive
The technique developed by diodes – the smallest devices one candidates for a new generation of
Tao's group relies on a property can ever build. chemical sensors. "Personally, I am
known as AC modulation. "Basically, "I think it's exciting because we interested in molecular electronics
we apply a little periodically varying
are able to look at a single molecule not because of their potential to
mechanical perturbation to the and play with it, " Tao says. "We can duplicate today's silicon
molecule. If there's a molecule apply a voltage, a mechanical force, applications, " Tao says. Instead,
bridged across two electrodes, it or optical field, measure current molecular electronics will benefit
responds in one way. If there's no and see the response. As quantum from unique electronic, mechanical,
molecule, we can tell." physics controls the behaviors of optical and molecular binding
The interdisciplinary project single molecules, this capability properties that set them apart from
involved Professor Luping Yu, at the allows us to study properties conventional semiconductors. This
University of Chicago, who supplied distinct from those of conventional may lead to applications
the molecules for study, as well as devices." complementing rather than
theoretical collaborator, Professor replacing silicon devices.
Chemists, physicists, materials
Ivan Oleynik from the University of researchers, computational experts
South Florida. The team used and engineers all play a central role
conjugated molecules, in which in the emerging field of
atoms are stuck together with nanoelectronics, where a zoo of
alternating single and multiple available molecules with different
bonds. Such molecules display large functions provide the raw material
electrical conductivity and have for innovation. Tao is also
asymmetrical ends capable of ~*~
examining the mechanical
spontaneously forming covalent properties of molecules, for
bonds with metal electrodes to example, their ability to oscillate.
create a closed circuit.

59 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Airbag Components and
Function
● GOVINDA MITTAL (ECE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

consists of accelerometers.
How Airbags are Designed to Save Lives
Gyroscopes may also be part of
in Automobile Accidents the sensor package to detect
rollover conditions. The sensors
Airbags have been the largest occupant safety innovation
send a signal to
in the automobile industry since the introduction of the
the deployment
lap/shoulder [Link] airbags are designed to
mechanism only
save lives during collisions by cushioning the occupant as
if a set of
he/she decelerates after impact. An airbag is more formally
conditions are
known as a Supplementary Restraint System (SRS), an Air
met, including
Cushion Restraint System (ACRS), or the Supplemental
acceleration
Inflatable Restraint (SIR).
pulse and pulse
While airbags were originally installed to protect the driver duration. These
from impacting the steering wheel or windshield during a same sensors
collision, airbags are now standard on the driver and also control
passenger side for frontal impacts, and many vehicles have side curtain seatbelt pretensioners. The
airbags to protect occupants during side impacts. Airbags use a combination sensors can detect the direction of
of design, sensor, and chemical technologies to deploy successfully during a impact, so front airbags will
collision. generally not deploy during side
impacts.
The deployment mechanism for
Airbag Components the airbag is initiated by the
An automobile airbag system is made of three general components: ignition of a pyrotechnic charge.
 the airbag itself, When the sensor system detects
 a sensor system, and an impact, the automobile's
 a deployment mechanism. microprocessor will send a voltage
pulse to the ignition mechanism.
The airbag itself is constructed of nylon fabric, and each airbag is The heat of the voltage pulse
specifically designed for the specific ignites the pyrotechnic material.
automobile, and location within the The burning propellant generates
automobile. Other airbag types an inert gas that rapidly fills the
include the side air bag, which airbag.
generally deploys out of the door,
and the side curtain airbag, which Airbags use a combination of
descends from the roof rail above the precise design and sensitive
door. Several holes are designed into components to provide a
each airbag to slowly expel gas when mechanism to reduce injuries and
the occupant strikes the airbag. This fatalities in automobile accidents.
action helps absorb the energy of the
occupant and prevent the occupant ~*~
from being bounced backwards.
Deployment of the airbag is controlled by a sensor system, which

61 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

ArborGen Research Goes 'Green'
TEJASWI KHANNA (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Biofuel by cloning- The fuel, but they are important ArborGen chief
concept is a little hard to pennies. technology officer, who
wrap your mind around. Institute "bench predicted commercial outlets
But ArborGen, the chemistry" research suggests for the fuel could be
Summerville-based forest the fuel now can be operating within the next five
research lab, is joining manufactured for $2.30 to years.
Clemson University in "green" $2.60 per gallon. The goal is Genetically engineered
research to come up with a to get that cost down to $2 trees are controversial among
profitable way to make a fuel per gallon or less -- the point some environmental groups,
from plants grown in South at which it might be worth who say the planting could
Carolina that take the place of investing in. "The hope is to displace native grown
some oil and gas use. Part of stimulate (private company) species. But engineered
ArborGen's role will be to manufacturing of biomass. plants have been part of
provide loblolly pine, fuels in South Carolina," said agriculture for years, used in
eucalyptus, sweetgum and Karl Kelly, corporate crops such as corn, cotton
poplar for a process that operations director of the and soybeans.
extracts an unusual carbon Clemson University ArborGen, an offshoot of
sugar that is a key to Restoration Institute research departments at
producing ethanol. The trees Those companies Westvaco and
supplying the wood will be a could be a second other timber
mix of traditional stands and wind for the companies,
"purpose grown" varieties flagging grows the
such as hybrids and pollinated agriculture trees to see if
seedlings. Some will be a little economy in the they can be a
more advanced than that -- state, as well as a commercially
genetically engineered source of other viable source
duplicates of a single tree. "green" energy jobs. The of nursery and fiber products,
The wood might be critical to institute is located in North as well as biofuel.
making the process Charleston.
commercially viable because "They can help us
Developing a biomass understand what's in the
trees can be harvested year-
industry along major
round. So far, the research wood"
transportation corridors in
has focused on switch grass, a
South Carolina "is going to be
native product that must be
really important for rural area
harvested in season and ~*~
development and the
stored. The difference might
preservation of forests," said
be pennies per gallon in the
eventual cost of making the Maude Hinchee, SOURCE:THE POST AND COURIER

62 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

ARTIFICIAL TREES
CAPTURING CO2
BHARTI SINGH (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

The latest invention of and absorbs carbon dioxide company estimates it will cost
researchers from Columbia when dry. Therefore, the resin approximately $150 per ton
University is an artificial tree can be used repeatedly. Water absorbed initially but will
that is able to capture carbon can be added to the resin in hopefully decline to around $20
dioxide a thousand times faster order to then capture and store a ton when the technology has
than a real tree. The lead the carbon dioxide absorbed. matured.
researcher and a professor of It is expected that carbon Artificial trees, on the other
geophysics at Columbia sequestration would be the fate
hand, could be available as
University, of the carbon
Klaus Lackner, dioxide, where the soon as next decade. The
has been carbon is placed in mechanical engineers believe a
developing caverns that were demonstration could occur as
the project once filled with oil. soon as 2014, followed by a full-
for over 10 scale “artificial forest” by 2018
years and and global deployment by 2040.
holds hope Here's how
that the
artificial tree will be a very it works Buyer’s
important tool for tackling The synthetic tree gathers The Global Research
climate change. the greenhouse gas on a Technologies company plans to
These artificial trees, sorbent, cleans and pressures
sell these towers to a variety of
which look nothing like a tree the carbon dioxide and then
releases it. The technique of gas companies. It is expected that
but are actually towers, are
built of resin. The resin is based absorption resembles that of a oil and natural gas companies
on the resin developed by Klaus sponge that collects water. will be the most common buyer,
Lackner of Columbia University, as they use carbon dioxide to
which is environmentally Availability force oil to the surface. Soda
friendly. The resin actually companies, auto part makers
reacts with carbon dioxide in The scientists estimate that
within a day, these artificial and greenhouses would be
the air and causes the
trees could absorb one ton of other potential clients.
absorption. It is said that within
only an hour of exposure to air, carbon dioxide. These statistics ~*~
the resin is saturated with are based on artificial trees
carbon dioxide. which contain 32,800 feet of
resin. These towers are
The resin releases the carbon
expected to be on the market
dioxide when it becomes wet
within two to three years. The

63 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Britain's Railways Return to
Steam Age
AHUTI HOTA (Mech. 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

In the picture doesn’t it Genuine New includes the famous and still
look like something that operating Flying Scotsman,
Locomotive designed by a predecessor of
used to creep over the
railway lines and we ran The Locomotive is a Peppercorn. This last of the
after it. Yeah. It’s a steam Peppercorn A1 Pacific, original Peppercorn A1
engine and its back and back Peppercorn being the name locomotives was scrapped in
in a new and improved of the original post-war 1966.
version. designer and A1 Pacific
In the 1950s the
referring to the size and
Almost 50 years after the last Peppercorn’s were hailed as
wheelbase of the engine. The
mainline steam locomotive was the cheapest of all British
project that built Tornado
built in Britain a brand-new steam locomotives in the
says it is not a replica but a
express steam engine - the same category and the most
genuine new locomotive of
Tornado - is hauling regular reliable. But the conversion
the Peppercorn A1 class, the
services. to diesel and electric traction
latest in the fleet, so there
in the 1960s and the
Built to modern safety are a few modifications to
withdrawal of all main-line
specifications to a design the original design. It is
steam operation meant all 49
dating back to the late forties capable of traveling at 100
Peppercorn A1s were
when Britain’s rail network mph but will be restricted to
scrapped despite the
was privatised, 90 mph in regular use.
attempts of railway
Tornado hauls a Arthur enthusiasts to preserve at
variety of special Peppercorn, a least one example.
trains throughout lifelong friend of
the country. Bentley luxury car
Tornado’s founder WO
unveiling in the Bentley, had been
summer of 2008 the last Chief
followed 18 years of work Mechanical Engineer of the ~*~
and fundraising by a group of private London and North
about 2,000 railway Eastern Railway which ran
enthusiasts who committed a the East Coast Main Line
total of at least £3m of between London and
private money to the project. Scotland. His A1 Pacific
locomotives were the last in
a line of famous express
steam locomotives that

64 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Geo-engineering vital in the
fight against climate change
JATINDER PAL SINGH (CSE 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

27 August 2009 - A report would be used. report says the simplest way
from the highly-respected of doing this is for buildings
He added, "They could,
Institution of Mechanical to have reflective roofs.
within a relatively short
Engineers in the UK says that Launching the report Dr.
duration, be moved
without geo-engineering it will Fox said geo-engineering
be impossible to combat forward into mass should not be viewed as a
climate change. It proposes production and 'silver bullet' that could
three geo-engineering ideas, deployment." combat climate change in
including a forest of 'artificial The trees would work on isolation. Rather it should be
trees' to help soak up the the principle of used in
world's carbon emissions. capturing carbon conjunction
The report includes a 100- dioxide (CO2) with efforts
from the air to reduce
year roadmap to 'decarbonize'
through a filter. carbon
the global economy.
The CO2 would emissions
The report defines two then be removed and to adapt
types of geo-engineering. The from the filter and to the effects
first category aims to cool the stored. The report of climate
calls for the technology to be change report the BBC.
planet by reflecting some of
developed in conjunction The authors of the report
the sunlight away, while the
with carbon storage also stressed that all of these
second involves the removal infrastructure.
and storage of carbon dioxide options will require more
Another of the proposed research, and called on the
from the atmosphere.
methods of capturing carbon UK government to invest
The team studied is to install what they term
£10m ($16m) in analysis of
hundreds of different 'algae based
options, but put forward just the effectiveness, risks and
photobioreactors' on
three as being practical and costs of geo-engineering.
buildings. These would be
feasible using current transparent containers
technology. containing algae that would
According to Dr. Fox, the remove CO2 from the air
report's lead author, artificial during photosynthesis. ~*~
trees are already at the The third option focuses
prototype stage and are on the reduction of incoming
advanced in their design in solar radiation by reflecting
terms of their automation sunlight back into space. The
and in the components that
65 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0
Honda's Experimental Walking
Assist Device
AHUTI HOTA (Mech. 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Honda, the creator of the shoes of the device contain while muscles are being
innovative Asimo robot, has sensors that help the device strengthened. Permanently
unveiled its latest technological provide the proper assistance to disabled people can use the
breakthrough: the walking the wearer, depending on what device to assist with
assist device. This device the wearer is trying to do. Two everyday activities such as
literally "takes the load off" to motors, one for each leg of the walking and climbing stairs.
make repetitive tasks easier and device, provide the assisting force  The Elderly - Elderly people
makes walking easier for the through the device. who have trouble walking
and climbing the stairs due
physically disabled. It is Benefits
designed to assist the wearer to weakened muscles can
This device can benefit two use the device to assist with
with the mechanism of walking,
types of people: people who have everyday activities.
stairs, and semi-crouching
some difficulty walking, and  Walking Workers - Workers
positions.
workers who are on their feet and who spend a significant
Design perform repetitive leg motions, time walking or climbing
such as walking up stairs and stairs, such as postal
crouching. delivery personnel, can use
Some the device to reduce joint
The walking examples stress during their shift.
assist device include:
resembles a high-
 The
Future
tech bicycle seat
connected via Honda will be evaluating the
linkages to a pair performance of the walking
of shoes. The assist device by deploying the
device provides devices within their Saitama
resistance in some Factory automobile assembly
degrees and facility in Japan. Evaluating the
assistance in other device on healthy individuals
[Link] device will help Honda refine the
is contained design and increase the safety
between the of the device so disabled and
wearer's legs and elderly people can use the
behind the thighs. device with confidence
Since there are no ~*~
components on
the sides or front of the wearer's Disabled - Disabled people
legs, there is no difficulty in can use the walking assist
maneuvering while wearing the device as part of a
device and no worry of parts rehabilitation program to
catching on passing [Link] support the walking motion
Sources: Honda website

67 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 PANTHER – Protects from
Bioterrorism
RAKHI (BioTech. 2nd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

People around the world discovered till that time. the air. CELLs the key to the
are suffering from Anthrax, CANARY Technology are
Plague and Small Pox that WHAT IS PANTHER? contained by the disk. Harper
is from Pathogens. Various Panther the device which says "It releases those
biotechnologists, scientists uses immune cells for the cells into the collected
and engineers are searching detection of dangerous particles and looks for
for various vaccines and biological agents. The device the resulting light, and
techniques so as to identify pulls air inside, runs it past gives you the results that
pathogens at earlier stage. the cells, which are gathered
into groups, each designed to
the method detected."
Recently biochemists and
engineers at react to specific agent. These
Scientists and engineers say
Massachusetts Institute cells are arranged in a specific
manner to respond to a the CANARY technology
of Technology's (MIT) had can eventually be used for
specific pathogen. Cells after
taken a step forward in medical diagnostics to test
detecting their target emit
decreasing the effect of patient samples. It may even
photons of light. Another
bioterrorism. be used in food processing
detector used to indicate the
presence of pathogens after plants to identify
“Jellyfish Fight analyzing the photons of contaminants like E. coli or
Terrorists” is the name light. On the bases of the salmonella.
given to the pathogen sensor wave length that were
because researchers say released by the cells, the
Jellyfish are helping prevent device outputs a list of
these kinds of attacks. This dangerous pathogens that
innovative Biosensor were found and it took about
~*~
developed by scientists and three minutes after beginning
engineers at MIT Lincoln the test.
Laboratory can identify
harmful bacteria or viruses in Scientists say all the
the air in less than two operation is as simple as
minutes. loading a DVD player. Disk
There was no way to test containing sixteen chambers
the air samples for are loaded into Panther. The
pathogens. “HARPER” made machine pulls air through the
a revolutionary change by disk to collect and test for
creating PANTHER was not pathogens that might be in

68 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Future Diabetes Treatment May
Use Resveratrol To Target The
Brain
JAPNEET GULATI (BioTech. 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

Resveratrol, a molecule expressed virtually mice.

found in red grapes, has been everywhere throughout the
shown to improve diabetes body and until now, little has We found that resveratrol
when delivered orally to been known about what did activate sirtuins in the
rodents. Until now, however, tissues mediate resveratrol's brain of these mice which
little has been known about beneficial effects. Knowing resulted in improving their
how these beneficial changes where in the body the high levels of blood sugar
are mediated in the body. A beneficial effects of activated and insulin."
new study accepted for sirtuins are mediated could
publication in Endocrinology, a help in the development of "These findings may lead
journal of The Endocrine more effective targeted to new strategies in the fight
Society, shows that the brain diabetes against type 2
plays a key role in mediating medications. diabetes,"
resveratrol's anti-diabetic said Coppari.
actions, potentially paving the "We know that "By knowing
way for future orally delivered sirtuins are that the brain
diabetes medications that expressed in mediates
target the brain. parts of the brain resveratrol's
known to govern anti-diabetic
Resveratrol activates sirtuins, glucose metabolism, so we actions, industry can now
a class of proteins that are hypothesized that the brain focus on developing sirtuin
thought to underlie many of the could be mediating activators that directly target
beneficial effects of calorie resveratrol's antidiabetic the brain. When
restriction. Previous studies in actions," said Roberto orallydelivered, these drugs
mice have provided compelling Coppari, PhD, of the will likely improve diabetes
evidence that when sirtuins are University of Texas without affecting the other
activated by resveratrol, Southwestern Medical organs in which activation of
diabetes is improved. Center and co-author of the sirtuins may not always be
study. "To test the beneficial."
Sirtuin activators are now hypothesis, we assessed the
being tested in humans as metabolic consequences of
anti-diabetic delivering resveratrol directly
[Link] are into the brain of diabetic ~*~

69 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 So what actually is this 350? 350 is gases that trap heat in our

350…coz the number that leading scientists say atmosphere, our planet would be too
is the safe upper limit for carbon cold for humans to inhabit.
dioxide—measured in "Parts Per So its been clarified that we do need
we have CO2, but how much is the question.
Beginning in the 18th century,

to live
humans began to burn coal and gas
and oil to produce energy and goods.
Source: [Link] The amount of carbon in the
atmosphere began to rise, at first
On 24th October, people at over slowly and now more quickly. We're
5200 events in 181 countries came taking millions of years worth of
together for carbon, stored beneath the earth as
the most fossil fuels, and releasing it into the
widespread atmosphere. This number is higher
day of than any time seen in the recorded
environ- Million" in our atmo-sphere. 350 PPM history of our planet – and we're
mental —it's the number human-ity needs to already beginning to see disastrous
action in the get back to as soon as possible to impacts on people and places all over
planet's avoid runaway climate change. By the world. Glaciers everywhere are
[Link] of now, the planet has 390 parts per melting, sea levels have begun to rise,
them million CO2 – and this number is rising and the oceans are growing more
assembled acidic.
for the Most by about 2 parts per million every
Important year. The Arctic is sending us perhaps the
Number of the Planet, 350. This There are three numbers you need to clearest message that climate change
number is quite useful in making really understand global warming, is occurring much more rapidly than
people aware of certain important 275, 390, and 350. For all of human scientists previously thought. In the
problem that our planet is facing history until about 200 years ago, our summer of 2007, sea ice was roughly
these days, i.e. the problem of global atmosphere contained 275 parts per 39% below the summer average for
warming. Global warming is million of carbon [Link] per 1979-2000, a loss of area equal to
happening faster than ever and million is simply a way of measuring nearly five United Kingdoms. Many
humans are responsible. It is caused the concentration of different gases, scientists now believe the Arctic will
by releasing what are called and means the ratio of the number of be completely ice free in the
greenhouse gases into the carbon dioxide molecules to all of the summertime between 2011 and 2015,
atmosphere. The most common molecules in the atmosphere. 275 some 80 years ahead of what
greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide. ppm CO2 is a useful amount—without scientists had predicted just a few
some CO2 and other greenhouse years ago.
Many of the activities we do every
day like turn the lights on, cook food,
or heat or cool our homes rely on
energy sources like coal and oil that
emit carbon dioxide and other heat-
trapping gases. This is a major
problem because global warming
destabilizes the delicate balance that
makes life on this planet possible. And
today, we are all seeing the radical
shift in the weather cycle of the
planet.

71 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

Origin of the number 350: Dr. James There, delegates, non-govern-mental U.N. to continue the process. China and
Hansen, of NASA, the United States' organiz-ations, and businesses from India and the rest of the developing world
space agency, has been researching every nation will meet to finalize a need to be involved. But since per capita
global warming longer than just about new global climate change agree- they use far less energy than the West,
anyone else. He was the first to ment. It is crucial that decision-makersand have been doing so for much shorter
periods of time, and are using fossil fuels
publicly testify before the U.S. at this meeting understand and are
to pull people out of poverty, their
Congress, in June of 1988, that global held accountable to crafting policy involvement needs to be different. The
warming was real. He and his that is informed by the most recent West is going to have to use some tiny
colleagues have used real-world science. percentage of the wealth it built up filling
observations, computer simulations, That will be a hard task, but not the atmosphere with carbon to transfer
and mountains of data about ancient impossible. We need to stop taking technology north to south so that these
climates to calculate what constitutes carbon out of the ground and putting countries can meet their legitimate
dangerous quantities of carbon in the it into the air. Above all, that means development needs without burning all
atmosphere. The Bush Administration we need to stop burning so much coal their coal.
has tried to keep Hansen and his team —and start using solar and wind Wake up before we all go off to
from speaking publicly, but their sleep. Make no mistakes—getting
energy and
analysis has been widely praised by other such back to 350 means transforming our
other scientists, and by experts like sources of world. It means building solar arrays
Nobel Prize winner Al Gore, who has renewable instead of coal plants, it means
widely created awareness in this planting trees instead of clear-cutting
energy –
context world over. rainforests, and it means increasing
while
So if we’re already past, is it all ensuring the efficiency and decreasing our waste.
over? Can’t we do anything? No, no… Global Getting to 350 means developing a
this ain’t the case. Its not like that we South a fair thousand different solutions—all of
can’t do anything. We just can’t leave chance to which will become much easier if we
the planet on its own and let it bleed develop. If have a global treaty grounded in the
to death by sunrise. We're like the we do, then latest science and built around the
patient that goes to the doctor and the earth’s principles of equity and justice. To get
learns he's overweight, or his chol- soils and this kind of treaty, we need a
esterol is too high. He doesn't die forests will slowly cycle some of that movement of people who care
immediately—but until he changes his extra carbon out of the atmosphere, enough about our shared global
lifestyle and gets back down to the and eventually CO2 concent-rations future to get involved and make their
safe zone, he's at more risk for heart will return to a safe level. By voices heard. Its our home… we need
attack or stroke. The planet is in its decreasing use of other fossil fuels,
danger zone because we've poured and improving agricultural and
too much carbon into the atmo- forestry practices around the world,
sphere. We just need to scramble scientists believe we could get back to
back as quickly as we can to safety. 350 by mid-century. But the longer
We need to get up and work as early we remain in the danger zone—above
as possible. 350—the more likely that we will see
We need an international agreementdisastrous and irreversible climate
to reduce carbon emissions and that impacts.
too, at a fast pace. Every year since America has been producing more CO2 to maintain it and maintain it hard.
1992, the United Nations hosts a two- than any other country, and leads the Rapid action is needed from all the
week long conference for world industrialized world in per capita people down there who to make
leaders to meet and discuss what to emissions. About 2,000 demonstrations in aware more of the masses about the
do to about the global threat of all 50 states in 2007 have spurred the danger the emissions are posing on
climate change. Congress there to pass the first real laws
the planet.
to reduce CO . Now the whole world
2
In December of this year, this mee-
needs to persuade both the U.S. and the
ting will be in Copen-hagen, Denmark.

72 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Cracking GRE
What is GRE?

The GRE Test is developed and administered by the US-based "Educational Testing Service" (ETS) under the
direction of the Graduate Record Examination Board , a non-profit organization of graduate business schools worldwide.
Nearly 2300 universities in the US require GRE® scores from each applicant.
ETS sets the questions, conducts the test, and sends each examinee the score report. For the conduct of the test,
ETS has appointed Testing Agencies in various countries, which act as franchisee for ETS. In India, this agency is the
"Sylvan Testing Services Pvt Ltd" which administers the test at 9 centres in the country: Ahmedabad, Allahabad,
Bangalore, Calcutta, Chennai, Hyderabad, Mumbai, New Delhi, and Trivandrum.

When is the GRE Test held?

All-round-the-year. Unlike other exams, you can choose your own date and time for taking the GRE Test! The test is
administered in the above cities five-days-a-week (Monday through Friday), twice-a-day. September to December is the
high season for GRE Test, so in case you intend to take the test during this period, you need to register very early (say 90
days in advance) to get a date of your choice. Otherwise, registering at least 15 days in advance is mandatory. The test
lasts roughly three-and-a-half hours, and most centres offer two slots : 9 A.M. and 2 P.M.

Eligibility and Fees

Anyone and everyone is eligible for taking the GRE Test - there are no restrictions based on age or qualifications.
The test scores are valid for five years, i.e., most universities accept scores up to five years old. But it is always better if
your scores are recent (not older than 2 years).
Test fees for GRE Test may vary according to the country in which you take the test. In India, this fee is US $140
(approx Rs. 7000), payable at the time of registration. You cannot pay in Indian Rupees. The fees has to be paid
through a US Dollar denominated draft, made out in favour of "ETS - GRE" payable in the U.S. Such a draft is usually
available with the Main Branches of most banks (which have a foreign exchange counter) in most of the big cities for a
nominal charge (around Rs. 200). Alternately, the payment can also be made through a credit card which has global
acceptance. The credit card need not necessarily be yours - you can get your father to sign for you!

How to Apply?
Obtain the "GRE Information Bulletin" available free with Prometric Testing Services and USEFI. You can also
request the bulletin from Infozee at Request Test Forms and it will be delivered to your given address. The Test
Scheduling Form comes with the bulletin. The Test Scheduling Form comes with the bulletin. There are four ways to
register:
Registering by Phone: You may call up Prometric Delhi office until 12:00 noon to register. Make sure to call at least
THREE BUSINESS DAYS before the test date.
Registering Online: You may now also register only from the GRE site: [Link].
Registering by Fax: If registering by fax, you must send your fax at lest SEVEN DAYS prior to your first choice of a
test day.
Registering by Mail/Courier: Fill in the form, get the draft made (if you are not paying by credit card), and submit
these to the Prometric Centre at New Delhi either by hand or by registered post/courier. You must send the documents at
least THREE WEEKS before your choice of a test day.

76 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

You will receive an admit card normally within a week of applying. Remember to keep a copy of the form and the draft with
you.

The GRE-CAT

What is a Computer-Adaptive Test?

In a computer-adaptive test, the computer screen displays one question at a time, which is chosen from a very large pool of
questions categorized by content and difficulty. The first question is always of a medium difficulty, and each subsequent
question is determined by your responses to all the previous questions. In other words, the CAT adjusts itself to your ability
level - you’ll get few questions that are either too easy or too difficult for you.
Each question in the GRE CAT has five answer options, and you are required to select one of these five as the correct
answer by clicking on it. A subsequent question is displayed on the screen only after you have answered the previous
question, so you cannot skip a question. You cannot also go back to a previously answered question to change your answer.
Thus, if you guess a correct answer or answer a question incorrectly by mistake, your answers to subsequent questions will
lead you back to questions that are at the appropriate level of difficulty for you.

Content and Format of the GRE Test

The test has three distinct sections : Writing Assessment (WA), Quantitative, and Verbal.

Section Number of questions Time

Analytical Writing:
Analysis of an issue
Analyze an Argument 1 Topic 45 min.
1 Topic 30 min.

Verbal Section 30 30 min.

Quantitative 28 45 min.
Experimental Section varies varies

An unidentified verbal or quantitative experimental section may be included and may appear in any order after the analytical
writing section. It is not counted as part of your score.

Reporting the Score

ETS has the provision of reporting your GRE scores to a maximum of four universities of your choice, the cost of which is
built into the fee you pay. You have to indicate the four universities where you wish a copy of your GRE score to be sent after
you get to know your scores. For reporting to each additional university, the ETS charges you $13, payable by an
international credit card or a dollar denominated draft.

77 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Der aaye durust aaye...
Its for those who have committed any type of mistakes in carelessness, immatureness or chanchalta; just in
like that of a rat-race going on in the days and are in the phase of learning lessons or have already learnt from
those. So here it is...
When I entered this college I was like a free bird liberated from a cage (home & school boundations) who
wanted to see all the colors of this world & wanted to expand my wings beyond horizon uncaring about the
consequences. The struggles (boards, AIEEE, IIT) were finally over for me and it was the time for some
celebrations. Then the search for my accomplices began and I met a senior who resided near my home and I
never came to know that he and his 10-15 friends became the world I was searching for. Then started the time
of merry-making with regular bunks from college, parties (obviously daaru parties), quarrels in the hostel,
mingling up with opposite sexes, etc. I was lost in my own world (friends), not caring about the real world.
Change had become a necessity from me. I wanted to do something crazy and exciting every day. Someone
always used to ask me that why I indulged in all those & why I didn’t care about the real world but till then I
had developed my own rationales to justify all those queries and my examination results which made me
quite complacent with my life. However, late at night these queries would haunt me in my dreams but all
seemed vague when my hypothetical world would approach me again. Time passed and passed and so as my
mistakes. I never realized that I was being pulled into the endless daldal. A boy who used to be a scholar
would only just pass the exams by getting a measly 60-65% who used to be a national champion in Badminton
couldn’t perform well even in inter-university. My career graph was declining exponentially.
But as they say, “der aaye durust aaye”. My continuous agitation to get out of that daldal, persistent
questions by my parents like, “beta, what have you planned for your future and what are you going to do after
[Link]?” and the cut-throat competition faced by my passed- out friends made me realize how deep I was
pulled into. A tirade by someone proved to be the final reset button for me. Now my train which was derailed
for sometime was again trying to get on the right track. I was that dacoit who was trying to become Valmiki,
the only difference here is that Valmiki wrote the story of Rama but I’m writing my own. However, this is not a
cakewalk. My mistakes have made me a more mature person than those who have not committed those and
who aspire to live a life I had been through and who haven’t seen the consequences of that life.
Now, the aiyaash parties are over. I use a high pass filter to choose high frequency (friends) and try to block
low frequency. I’m a changed man, with a purpose. I have concluded in my life that only good changes are
good; struggle never ends in life. Do remember that Committing mistakes is not bad but committing them
maliciously and frequently with no lessons learnt you will pull you deeper, deeper and deeper.

Siddharth Nandal
(ECE, 3rd Yr. U.I.E.T.)

78 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Its not the time to When the CAG recently reported that 13 of the
19 main sports venues were badly behind

debate but to do schedule, even that was no shocker to anyone

who simply walks around Delhi. Far from building
a competitor to Beijing’s Bird’s Nest, we are
Delhi CM Sheila Dikshit said the 2010 recycling the 1982 Asiad host as the main Games
Commonwealth Games delegation had “gone stadium. From roof to floor, everything is a mess,
back happy” after having its “doubts cleared”. even at Jawaharlal Nehru stadium.

Union urban development minister Jaipal Reddy The only thing, on balance, is that the
assured us all that everything was “on course” Commonwealth Games are simply a reflection of
for the prestigious sporting event. India’s overall infrastructure muddle. It’s actually
not a question of money, but of governance.
Sports minister MS Gill has repeatedly assured Report after report, incidence after incidence,
that all preparations would be completed on we have seen projects fail to deliver on schedule.
time and that the Games “will be a successful Citizens’ protests—some conservationists
event”. speaking up for the Yamuna’s floodplains and
But the Commonwealth Games Federation some others for an historical monument
(CGF) is refusing to play ball. Its president has adjoining an underground rail link merely being
demanded an independent technical review two obvious examples—are oft-cited red
herrings. Again, like the CAG report on the
Commonwealth Games progress, just look at
government data—the statistics and programme
implementation ministry has recently estimated
that nearly half of government projects are
behind schedule. When our policymakers know
well—they can quote the Chinese example at the
drop of a hat—that infrastructure projects are
key to boosting growth, their lackadaisical
approach to demanding results is inexcusable.
Our house is in complete disorder, everything
panel to step up monitoring of the preparations. from special stadium to ordinary road upkeep is
That has made the chairman of the Indian severely stunted, HOW...
organising committee mad. Suresh Kalmadi is
demanding that CGF chief executive Mike
Hooper be immediately repatriated from India.
He has also rejected the call for an independent
monitoring panel. It doesn’t need 20/20 vision to
recognise the import of all the “work in
progress” signs dotting the capital.

79 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

The youth empowerment has been in talks for a lot while; there are many ways how your youth
life can be mended (as for many, youth life is full of practical cob-webs). But as a matter of fact,
the youth being the building blocks of a society, as well as nation needs to look out to make
their future bright, as because this directly affects the environment around them. Today’s
Indian youth has come to terms with the new mantra of ‘work hard and party harder’. The
youth we see today has the burning energy of doing something different for themselves and
the people that surround them. So this brings us to what to anything different in case of
obtaining knowledge and excelling world over. As the boom of young generation is there
likewise, there is to get into the professional courses. But are these professional courses really
worthwhile or just a rat race? As the boom or just pop-corning of a numerous technical
institutes has occurred in recent past it just seems to be just a rat race. Many students just have
to get into the technical institutes just because they have to. Without knowing what actually
they wanna do with themselves, just because of lack of awareness, taking examples of those
who have done this with sheer passion and sincerity, they are opting for the so-called
professional course. This ignorance is blissful, no doubt but the youth today sees the
professional course as not a course which can completely transform a noob to a hotshot.
Enough about the course which we are into!! The professional courses have their own
advantages with the exposure to the ways and means of the world. They make our lives more
professional and mend our life towards betterment. It was the professional touch which gave
the country a stature in the whole gaudy world. Professionalism is just like perfectionism, which
just takes your nights and days away just to get that extra edge. It is definitely worthwhile for
those who take at sincerely and seriously and no just like “ho jaaega, paas hi to karna h”, which
is currently the basic ideology of [Link]. pursuing student.
There are no less opportunities in any profession. Every job is paying, maybe late but not never.
Whatever you do, do it with full passion and dedication. All in all, professional courses are best
for those who really wanna do it with their heart out but just a rat-race for those who just opt
for it because they didn’t have any choice.

80 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 I Wanna....
I have something in my mind...? I Wanna tell something to all that I have done
and something that I want to do in my life...??

If any of the above two questions seems familiar to you, you are at a right
place. We can provide you a way to do the same. You can get a full page in the
magazine that will be all yours and it seems a best way to familiarize yourself
among all. (THE PAGE WILL ALSO CONTAIN YOUR PHOTOGRAPH.)

All you have to do is to write to us at technattyam@[Link].

Your selection depends on how fast you are. So hurry.

(TEAM Tech-Nattyam)
 there is a serious lack of skilled hands. Academics
75% Indian combined with practical training is therefore very
important to meet this shortage which is estimated at

engineering 3.2 million."

students
unemployable: Get 80% in
Report Class XII to
A report by software industry group Nasscom says
Get admission
that 75 percent engineering students in India are
unemployable. Education experts here on Saturday in IIT from
said that the Indian higher education system must give
skill building and practical training equal importance as 2011
academics, to give them an edge.
A.D. Sahasrabudhu, director of the College of
Getting into IITs would become tougher from 2011
Engineering, Pune said that one of the major reasons
as the government has decided to give weightage to
why engineers, even from reputed institutes, are not
class XII results apart from the score in the JEE.
easily employed because they lack hands-on skill.
The reform is being planned within three years of
Nasscom said that Indian IT firms reject 90 percent
introduction of the new system of JEE which also came
of college graduates and 75 percent of engineers who
from within IIT. But HRD minister Kapil Sibal on
apply for jobs because they are not good enough to be
Monday justified it on the ground that the new system
trained.
had not worked well. A three-member committee has
Richard Kerly, a Scottish university professor, who had
been set up to look into the curriculum and reform in
participated in the discussion said: "Just recently I
JEE.
came to know that Citi Bank had started its recruiting
Reform in admissions is being done to check the
process here, but was not going to campuses
mushrooming of coaching centres for IIT-JEE as well as
placement cells. "The possible reason is that students
the tendency among students to not take the class XII
here, although brilliant, don't have an edge when it
board examination seriously. Right now, a student
comes to putting theories to practice."
having cleared IIT-JEE should have 60% in class XII.
Sudhir Matthew, Dean, Ecole Hoteliere Lavasa, Lavasa
Stating that the final decision should be left to the
Corporation Limited, Pune said: "The scene is very
IITs, Sibal remarked that the minimum class XII marks
similar in the hospitality industry. Lack of hands-on
could be anything between 80% and 85%. When asked
trained students have forced hotel chains like the
about variation in marking across states, Sibal said the
Oberoi, Taj and ITC to open their own hotel schools
percentile would be factored in. "Let the IITs decide
where the students are trained as per their needs.
first. There is confusion right now," a ministry source
"Tourism will grow at a rate of 8.8 percent till 2015 in
said.
India, making it one of the fastest growing markets but

88 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

New web Association reported that 9 out of 10
Americans think college is important for
portal for career opportunities and 67% believe that
education is the key to competitiveness in
the global economy. Turns out education
Indian Army can also be the key to keeping your job in
an economic downturn. Recent
New Delhi : Featuring state of the art employment numbers from the Bureau of
technology and a fresh look, The Indian Labor Statistics shows that not only do
Army web portal was launched on people with more education earn more,
Thursday. It is hosted on NIC server at but in tough times like these, education
domain [Link]. provides a buffer against unemployment.
Ensuring to combat the threat by any The unemployment rate for people with a
hacking attempts, it is built on a strong bachelor's degree or higher as of October
[Link] design also features a fresh 2009 was 4.6%. However, compare that to
look and offers various options like search, the percent of people out of work with
user interactivity, latest events, and less than a high school diploma-- 14%.
feedback, secured login, decentralized When it comes to unemployment, 10% is a
data update, space for all the lot. The desire for more employment
arms/services of the Indian Army etc. options is also fueling a spike in
enrollment of adults returning to school.
Meanwhile, defense minister AK Antony
presented Raksha Mantri’s Awards for Unemployment numbers underscore the
excellence to defense PSUs and ordnance importance of an education in slow
factories for research and development. economic times. But in the global
economy, we not only need to get an
Want to keep education, we need to keep learning.

your job? Get

more educa-
tion
A recent survey by the Career College

89 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

2 States: The
“2 States is though an easy read. It’s not as
riveting as ‘Three Mistakes of my Life’ and as
intriguing as ‘Five Point Someone’. It’s a story where
Story of My the protagonists never let their parent’s decision
influence their choice and where Bhagat sticks to
Marriage his guns about making quick bucks and becoming a
writer, which he proclaims quite proudly
Author : Chetan Bhagat throughout the text.”
Price: Rs.95
At the start of the book, -EDITORS
Chetan Bhagat’s disclaimer
reads: ‘You only make digs
at people you care for’.
The Lost Symbol
Robert Langdon returns again. The third Dan
With this, Bhagat takes the Brown novel to involve the character of Harvard
liberty to make mirthful University symbologist Robert Langdon, following
jokes of everything ‘Tamil’. 2000's Angels & Demons and 2003's The Da Vinci
‘2 States: The Story of My Code. Set in Washington D.C., it is another fast
Marriage’ picks up where paced thriller that involves secrets in art,
‘Five Point Someone’ left architecture and history. Brown does not break any
of. It is the author’s new ground, but he does provide some good beach
account of how he met his wife. It’s told through reading.
protagonist Krish, a Punjabi boy after he falls for a
Tamil girl, Ananya (author’s wife). Brown's style keeps the pages turning as readers
The story moves at a brisk pace: By page 7 they’ve try to connect the dots. Symbols and mythology in
met at IIM Ahmedabad, by page 15 he’s controlling a familiar setting provides a fun chance to toy with
his urge to fall for her. Their entire IIM career is conspiracy theories. Moreover, it does not require
done in about 36 pages. Needless to say, it involves much effort to read.
sleepovers, studies and a self-satisfied, solitary Nothing new could have been accomplished, no
existence. new character development, no big surprises in
But the story kicks-off when things turn sour at plot. Furthermore, the signatures “twists” are not
their convocation ceremony. Their parents meet for nearly as tantalizing as in the previous books.
the first time and evidently disapprove the Most important and
relationship where boy and girl are from polar ends interesting view to be
of the country. The rest is about how they try to win noticed here is the
back the blessing of their in-laws after a series of plot to be set in
futile attempts. The story oscillates between Delhi Washington D.C. not in
and Chennai, so expect a lot of local jargon from Europe, as in previous
these two states. Like all love stories, this one too books.
has a happy ending.
Chetan Bhagat probably was fed-up narrating his
IIM love story again so he thought he’d convert it 'The Lost Symbol' by
into a book. Anyway, he has the brand value (in Dan Brown
India) and is one of few Indian writers to have their Publisher: Knopf
Doubleday Publishing
works catapulted onto celluloid (Remember the
Group
flop-film, Hello?). 509 Pages

93 Tech-Nattyam | Volume 1.0

 Norms and Guidelines
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at technattyam@[Link]. The articles must follow certain rules which are stated below:

Norms and Guidelines:

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(TEAM Tech-Nattyam)
 Airbag Components and Function : [Link] [Link].
 ArborGen Research Goes 'Green' : The post and courier ( online journal )
 Google going green with Blackle : [Link]
[Link]
 Britain's Railways Return to Steam Age : [Link]
 Designing Tools for Space : [Link]
 EcoCAR Challenge Throttles into Year Two : [Link]
 Future Diabetes Treatment May Use Resveratrol To Target The Brain :
[Link]
 Gadgets : [Link]
 Geo-engineering vital in the fight against climate change : [Link],
[Link]
 Get 80% in Class XII to Get admission in IIT from 2011: [Link]
 Honda's Experimental Walking Assist Device : [Link]
 Interactions Between Massless Particles May Lead To Speedy, Powerful Electronic
Devices : [Link] (science daily)
 LEDs Brighten New Mustang : [Link]
 Microhoo.. : [Link], [Link]
 New Electronic Concept: How Hybrid Motors Could Become Cheaper :
[Link]
 New web portal for Indian Army : [Link]/
 Operating System War : [Link], [Link], [Link]/macosx
 Pleo: A Ugobe Life Form : [Link], [Link]
 Road Runner : [Link]
 Shape up your future : [Link]
 Smallest Electronic Component: Researchers Create Molecular Diode :
[Link]
 The Big Picture(s) : Newsletter from [Link]
 Touch screen for many fingers : [Link], [Link]
 Portable and ink-free printing: ZINK : [Link]
 Want to keep your job? Get more education : [Link]
 Wireless Network to See Through Walls : [Link]
 75% Indian engineering students unemployable: [Link]/
 Nasa moon bombing : [Link], [Link]/
 Chemist win Nobel : [Link], [Link]