Scribd
Upload
2K views3 pages

Understanding Abruptio Placenta Types

Placental abruption occurs when the placenta separates from the uterus before birth, which can cause bleeding. It affects about 1% of pregnancies and has a high risk of fetal and maternal mortality. There are three types - covert, where blood is trapped between the placenta and uterus; overt, where blood passes into the membranes and vagina; and severe, with massive vaginal bleeding and possible fetal distress. Risk factors include having five or more pregnancies, being over 30, and having pre-eclampsia.

Uploaded by

chichilovesyou
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2K views3 pages

Understanding Abruptio Placenta Types

Placental abruption occurs when the placenta separates from the uterus before birth, which can cause bleeding. It affects about 1% of pregnancies and has a high risk of fetal and maternal mortality. There are three types - covert, where blood is trapped between the placenta and uterus; overt, where blood passes into the membranes and vagina; and severe, with massive vaginal bleeding and possible fetal distress. Risk factors include having five or more pregnancies, being over 30, and having pre-eclampsia.

Uploaded by

chichilovesyou
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ABRUPTIO PLACENTA

DEFINITION:

Placental abruption (also known as abruptio placentae) is an obstetric catastrophe


(complication of pregnancy), wherein the placental lining has separated from
the uterus of the mother. It is the most common cause of late pregnancy bleeding. In
humans, it refers to the abnormal separation after 20 weeks of gestation and prior to birth.
It occurs in 1% of pregnancies world wide with a fetal mortality rate of 20-40%
depending on the degree of separation. Placental abruption is also a significant
contributor to maternal mortality. Many women can die from this type of abnormality.

TYPES OF ABRUPTIO PLACENTA:

1. Covert Abruptio Placenta

The placenta separates centrally and the blood is trapped between the
placenta and uterine wall.

2. Overt Abruptio Placenta

The blood passes between the fetal membranes and the uterine wall and
escapes vaginally. May develop abruptly or progress from mild to extensive
separation with external hemorrhage.

3. Severe Abruptio Placenta

Massive vaginal bleeding is seen in the presence of almost total separation


with possible fetal cardiac distress.

RISK FACTORS:

• women with parity of 5 or more


• women over 30 years of age
• women with pre-eclampsia - eclampsia and renal or vascular disease.

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO ABRUPTIO PLACENTA:

• multiple gestations
• hydramnios
• cocaine use
• dec. blood flow to the placenta
• trauma to the abdomen
• dec. serum folic acid levels
• PIH
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:

You might also like