Dressedasamanandcallingherself
SiMahmoudEssadi
,EberhardttravelledinArabsociety
withafreedomshecouldnototherwisehaveexperienced.ShehadconvertedtoIslamand
[8]
[9]
regardeditashertruecallinginlife.
Onhertravelsshemadecontactwitha
Sufi
order,the
Qadiriyya
.Theywereheavilyinvolvedin
helpingthepoorandneedywhilefightingagainsttheinjusticesofcolonialrule.Atthebeginning
of1901,inBehima,shewasattackedbyamanwitha
sabre
,inanapparentattemptto
assassinateher.Herarmwasnearlysevered,butshelaterforgavethemanand(successfully)
pleadedforhislifetobespared.Shema
Early life and family background
[
edit
]
Eberhardtwasbornin
Geneva
,Switzerland,toanaristocratic
Lutheran
BalticGerman
[
clarificationneeded
]
Russian
mother,NathalieMoerder(neEberhardt),andanArmenianborn
[3]
father,AlexandreTrophimowsky,an
anarchist
andformerpriest.
Isabelle'smotherhadbeen
married
Followingthesuicideofherhalfbrother,Vladimir,andthemarriageofAugustintoaFrench
womanIsabellefeltnothingincommonwith(shewrote:"Augustinisonceandforallheadedfor
[7]
life'sbeatentracks"
),hertiestoherformerlifewereallbutsevered.Fromthenon,as
recordedinherjournals,IsabelleEberhardtspentmostoftherestofherlifeinAfrica,making
[3]
northern
Algeria
herhomeandexploringthedesert.
Spiritual journeys
[
edit
]
Dressedasamanandcallingherself
SiMahmoudEssadi
,EberhardttravelledinArabsociety
withafreedomshecouldnototherwisehaveexperienced.ShehadconvertedtoIslamand
[8]
[9]
regardeditashertruecallinginlife.
Onhertravelsshemadecontactwitha
Sufi
order,the
Qadiriyya
.Theywereheavilyinvolvedin
helpingthepoorandneedywhilefightingagainsttheinjusticesofcolonialrule.Atthebeginning
of1901,inBehima,shewasattackedbyamanwitha
sabre
,inanapparentattemptto
assassinateher.Herarmwasnearlysevered,butshelaterforgavethemanand(successfully)
pleadedforhislifetobespared.Shema
Early life and family background
[
edit
]
Eberhardtwasbornin
Geneva
,Switzerland,toanaristocratic
Lutheran
BalticGerman
[
clarificationneeded
]
Russian
mother,NathalieMoerder(neEberhardt),andanArmenianborn
[3]
father,AlexandreTrophimowsky,an
anarchist
andformerpriest.
Isabelle'smotherhadbeen
marriedtoelderlywidowerGeneralPaveldeMoerder,whoheldimportantImperialpositions.
AfterbearinghimtwosonsandadaughtershetraveledtoSwitzerlandtoconvalesce,taking
alongherstepsonandherownchildren,withtheirtutorTrophimowsky.Soonafterarrivingin
Genevashegavebirthagain,toIsabelle'shalfbrotherAugustin,andfourmonthslatercamethe
newsthatherhusbandhaddiedofaheartattack.SheelectedtoremaininSwitzerlandand,
fouryearslater,Isabellewasbornandregisteredasher"illegitimate"daughtertoavoid
[3]
acknowledgingthetutor'spaternity.
Dressedasamanandcallingherself
SiMahmoudEssadi
,EberhardttravelledinArabsociety
withafreedomshecouldnototherwisehaveexperienced.ShehadconvertedtoIslamand
[8]
[9]
regardeditashertruecallinginlife.
Onhertravelsshemadecontactwitha
Sufi
order,the
Qadiriyya
.Theywereheavilyinvolvedin
helpingthepoorandneedywhilefightingagainsttheinjusticesofcolonialrule.Atthebeginning
of1901,inBehima,shewasattackedbyamanwitha
sabre
,inanapparentattemptto
assassinateher.Herarmwasnearlysevered,butshelaterforgavethemanand(successfully)
pleadedforhislifetobespared.Shema
Early life and family background
[
edit
]
Eberhardtwasbornin
Geneva
,Switzerland,toanaristocratic
Lutheran
BalticGerman
[
clarificationneeded
]
Russian
mother,NathalieMoerder(neEberhardt),andanArmenianborn
[3]
father,AlexandreTrophimowsky,an
anarchist
andformerpriest.
Isabelle'smotherhadbeen
married
Despitethis,Isabellewaswelleducated.ShewasfluentinFrenchandspokeRussian,German
[3]
andItalian.
ShewastaughtLatinandGreek,andstudiedclassical
Arabic
andreadtheKoran
[1]
[4]
withherfathershelaterbecamefluentinArabic.
Fromanearlyageshedressedasaman
[5]
inordertoenjoythegreaterfreedomthisallowedher.
Travelling to Africa
[
edit
]
In1888herhalfbrotherAugustinjoinedtheFrenchForeignLegionandwasassignedto
Algeria.ThissparkedIsabelle'sinterestintheorientandshestartedtolearnArabic.Herfirsttrip
toNorthAfricawaswithhermotherinMay1897,wherebyhermotherwashopingtomeetup
withAugustin.Theywerealsoconsideringsettingupanewlifethere.Whiletheretheyboth
convertedtoIslam,fulfillingalongstandinginterest.However,hermotherdiedsuddenlyin
[6]
Annaba
andwasburiedthereunderthenameofFatmaMannoubia.
TwoyearslaterTrophimowskydiedof
throatcancer
in1899inGeneva,nursedbyIsabelle.
Followingthesuicideofherhalfbrother,Vladimir,andthemarriageofAugustintoaFrench
womanIsabellefeltnothingincommonwith(shewrote:"Augustinisonceandforallheadedfor
[7]
life'sbeatentracks"
),hertiestoherformerlifewereallbutsevered.Fromthenon,as
recordedinherjournals,IsabelleEberhardtspentmostoftherestofherlifeinAfrica,making
[3]
northern
Algeria
herhomeandexploringthedesert.
Spiritual journeys
[
edit
]
Dressedasamanandcallingherself
SiMahmoudEssadi
,EberhardttravelledinArabsociety
withafreedomshecouldnototherwisehaveexperienced.ShehadconvertedtoIslamand
[8]
[9]
regardeditashertruecallinginlife.
Onhertravelsshemadecontactwitha
Sufi
order,the
Qadiriyya
.Theywereheavilyinvolvedin
helpingthepoorandneedywhilefightingagainsttheinjusticesofcolonialrule.Atthebeginning
of1901,inBehima,shewasattackedbyamanwitha
sabre
,inanapparentattemptto
assassinateher.Herarmwasnearlysevered,butshelaterforgavethemanand(successfully)
pleadedforhislifetobespared.ShemarriedSlimaneEhnni,anAlgeriansoldier,on17October
1901,in
Marseille
.[10]
On21October1904,Eberhardtdiedinaflash
flood
in
AnSfra
,Algeria.Afteralong
separation,herhusbandhadjustjoinedher.Shehadrentedahousefortheoccasion.This
house,constructedof
clay
,collapsedonthecoupleduringthefloodherhusbandwaswashed
[1]
awaybutsurvived.
ShewasburiedaccordingtotheritesofIslamatAnSfra.SlimaneEhnni
diedin1907.
Early life and family background
[
edit
]
Eberhardtwasbornin
Geneva
,Switzerland,toanaristocratic
Lutheran
BalticGerman
[
clarificationneeded
]
Russian
mother,NathalieMoerder(neEberhardt),andanArmenianborn
[3]
father,AlexandreTrophimowsky,an
anarchist
andformerpriest.
Isabelle'smotherhadbeen
marriedtoelderlywidowerGeneralPaveldeMoerder,whoheldimportantImperialpositions.
AfterbearinghimtwosonsandadaughtershetraveledtoSwitzerlandtoconvalesce,taking
alongherstepsonandherownchildren,withtheirtutorTrophimowsky.Soonafterarrivingin
Genevashegavebirthagain,toIsabelle'shalfbrotherAugustin,andfourmonthslatercamethe
newsthatherhusbandhaddiedofaheartattack.SheelectedtoremaininSwitzerlandand,
fouryearslater,Isabellewasbornandregisteredasher"illegitimate"daughtertoavoid
[3]
acknowledgingthetutor'spaternity.
Despitethis,Isabellewaswelleducated.ShewasfluentinFrenchandspokeRussian,German
[3]
andItalian.
ShewastaughtLatinandGreek,andstudiedclassical
Arabic
andreadtheKoran
[1]
[4]
withherfathershelaterbecamefluentinArabic.
Fromanearlyageshedressedasaman
[5]
inordertoenjoythegreaterfreedomthisallowedher.
Followingthesuicideofherhalfbrother,Vladimir,andthemarriageofAugustintoaFrench
womanIsabellefeltnothingincommonwith(shewrote:"Augustinisonceandforallheadedfor
[7]
life'sbeatentracks"
),hertiestoherformerlifewereallbutsevered.Fromthenon,as
recordedinherjournals,IsabelleEberhardtspentmostoftherestofherlifeinAfrica,making
[3]
northern
Algeria
herhomeandexploringthedesert.
Spiritual journeys
[
edit
]
Dressedasamanandcallingherself
SiMahmoudEssadi
,EberhardttravelledinArabsociety
withafreedomshecouldnototherwisehaveexperienced.ShehadconvertedtoIslamand
[8]
[9]
regardeditashertruecallinginlife.
Onhertravelsshemadecontactwitha
Sufi
order,the
Qadiriyya
.Theywereheavilyinvolvedin
helpingthepoorandneedywhilefightingagainsttheinjusticesofcolonialrule.Atthebeginning
of1901,inBehima,shewasattackedbyamanwitha
sabre
,inanapparentattemptto
assassinateher.Herarmwasnearlysevered,butshelaterforgavethemanand(successfully)
pleadedforhislifetobespared.Shema
Travelling to Africa
[
edit
]
In1888herhalfbrotherAugustinjoinedtheFrenchForeignLegionandwasassignedto
Algeria.ThissparkedIsabelle'sinterestintheorientandshestartedtolearnArabic.Herfirsttrip
toNorthAfricawaswithhermotherinMay1897,wherebyhermotherwashopingtomeetup
withAugustin.Theywerealsoconsideringsettingupanewlifethere.Whiletheretheyboth
convertedtoIslam,fulfillingalongstandinginterest.However,hermotherdiedsuddenlyin
[6]
Annaba
andwasburiedthereunderthenameofFatmaMannoubia.
TwoyearslaterTrophimowskydiedof
throatcancer
in1899inGeneva,nursedbyIsabelle.
Followingthesuicideofherhalfbrother,Vladimir,andthemarriageofAugustintoaFrench
womanIsabellefeltnothingincommonwith(shewrote:"Augustinisonceandforallheadedfor
[7]
life'sbeatentracks"
),hertiestoherformerlifewereallbutsevered.Fromthenon,as
recordedinherjournals,IsabelleEberhardtspentmostoftherestofherlifeinAfrica,making
[3]
northern
Algeria
herhomeandexploringthedesert.
Spiritual journeys
[
edit
]
Dressedasamanandcallingherself
SiMahmoudEssadi
,EberhardttravelledinArabsociety
withafreedomshecouldnototherwisehaveexperienced.ShehadconvertedtoIslamand
[8]
[9]
regardeditashertruecallinginlife.
Onhertravelsshemadecontactwitha
Sufi
order,the
Qadiriyya
.Theywereheavilyinvolvedin
helpingthepoorandneedywhilefightingagainsttheinjusticesofcolonialrule.Atthebeginning
of1901,inBehima,shewasattackedbyamanwitha
sabre
,inanapparentattemptto
assassinateher.Herarmwasnearlysevered,butshelaterforgavethemanand(successfully)
pleadedforhislifetobespared.ShemarriedSlimaneEhnni,anAlgeriansoldier,on17October
1901,in
Marseille
.[10]
On21October1904,Eberhardtdiedinaflash
flood
in
AnSfra
,Algeria.Afteralong
separation,herhusbandhadjustjoinedher.Shehadrentedahousefortheoccasion.This
house,constructedof
clay
,collapsedonthecoupleduringthefloodherhusbandwaswashed
[1]
awaybutsurvived.
ShewasburiedaccordingtotheritesofIslamatAnSfra.SlimaneEhnni
diedin1907.
Followingthesuicideofherhalfbrother,Vladimir,andthemarriageofAugustintoaFrench
womanIsabellefeltnothingincommonwith(shewrote:"Augustinisonceandforallheadedfor
[7]
life'sbeatentracks"
),hertiestoherformerlifewereallbutsevered.Fromthenon,as
recordedinherjournals,IsabelleEberhardtspentmostoftherestofherlifeinAfrica,making
[3]
northern
Algeria
herhomeandexploringthedesert.
Spiritual journeys
[
edit
]
Dressedasamanandcallingherself
SiMahmoudEssadi
,EberhardttravelledinArabsociety
withafreedomshecouldnototherwisehaveexperienced.ShehadconvertedtoIslamand
[8]
[9]
regardeditashertruecallinginlife.
Onhertravelsshemadecontactwitha
Sufi
order,the
Qadiriyya
.Theywereheavilyinvolvedin
helpingthepoorandneedywhilefightingagainsttheinjusticesofcolonialrule.Atthebeginning
of1901,inBehima,shewasattackedbyamanwitha
sabre
,inanapparentattemptto
assassinateher.Herarmwasnearlysevered,butshelaterforgavethemanand(successfully)
pleadedforhislifetobespared.Shema
