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Results and Calculation New

The document reports results from boundary layer tests on smooth and rough plates. Key findings include: - Tests 1 and 2 measured boundary layer properties at two distances down a smooth plate. Tests 3 and 4 did the same on a rough plate. - Parameters such as velocity, boundary layer thickness, displacement thickness, and momentum thickness were calculated theoretically and experimentally. - The experimental values generally exceeded the theoretical predictions, potentially due to surface roughness effects not accounted for in theory.

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56 views15 pages

Results and Calculation New

The document reports results from boundary layer tests on smooth and rough plates. Key findings include: - Tests 1 and 2 measured boundary layer properties at two distances down a smooth plate. Tests 3 and 4 did the same on a rough plate. - Parameters such as velocity, boundary layer thickness, displacement thickness, and momentum thickness were calculated theoretically and experimentally. - The experimental values generally exceeded the theoretical predictions, potentially due to surface roughness effects not accounted for in theory.

Uploaded by

AbuBakar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

RESULTS AND CALCULATION

TEST 1 (smooth plate)


Distance from leading edge, X (m) = 0.05
Micromet
er
reading,
y (mm)

0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25

Static
pressur
e
(mBar)

Pitot
tube
pressure
manome
ter
(mBar)

Differenti
al
manome
ter
height,

Differenti
al
manome
ter
height,

h ,

h ,

(mBar)

(mm)

u
(m/s)

u
U )

11.4
11.4
11.6
11.6
11.8
12.0
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.0
3.0

25.60
25.60
25.60
25.60
28.16
30.72
33.28
35.84
35.84
35.84
35.84
38.40
38.40
38.40

18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.97
19.81
20.62
21.40
21.40
21.40
21.40
22.15
22.15
22.15

9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6

3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0

38.40
38.40
38.40
38.40

22.15
22.15
22.15
22.15

Reynolds number,

Ux /

= 73790.36

u
U
(1-

9.4
9.4
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

Free Stream Velocity, U (m/s) = 22.37

u
U

0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.85
0.89
0.92
0.96
0.96
0.96
0.96
0.99
0.99

0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.13
0.13
0.07
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01

0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

Graphs

Graph of y (mm) Vs

u
U

, (Test 1)

Graph of y (mm) Vs (

u
U )(1-

u
U ) , (Test 1).

TEST 2 (smooth plate)


Distance from leading edge, X(m) = 0.2

Micromet
er
reading,
y (mm)

0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25

Static
pressur
e
(mBar)

9.4
9.4
9.4
9.6
9.6
9.6

Pitot
tube
pressure
manome
ter
(mBar)

11.4
11.4
11.8
12.0
12.2
12.4

Differenti
al
manome
ter
height,

Differenti
al
manome
ter
height,

h ,

h ,

(mBar)

(mm)

2.0
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.8

25.60
25.60
30.72
30.72
33.28
35.84

u
U

(m/s)

u
U
(1u
U )

18.08
18.08
19.81
19.81
20.62
21.40

0.78
0.78
0.86
0.86
0.89
0.93

0.17
0.17
0.12
0.12
0.1
0.07

1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50

9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

12.4
12.6
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8

2.8
3.0
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2

35.84
38.40
40.96
40.96
40.96
40.96
40.96
40.96

21.40
22.15
22.88
22.88
22.88
22.88
22.88
22.88

9.6

12.8

3.2

40.96

22.88

Free Stream Velocity, U (m/s) = 23.11


Reynolds number,

Graphs

Ux /

= 15521.73 X

106 .

0.93
0.96
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99

0.07
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

Graph of y (mm) Vs

Graph of y (mm) Vs (

u
U

u
U )(1-

, (Test 2)

u
U ) , (Test 2).

TEST 3 (Rough plate)


Distance from leading edge, X (m) = 0.05

Micromet
er
reading,
y (mm)

0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50

Static
pressur
e
(mBar)

Pitot
tube
pressure
manome
ter
(mBar)

Differenti
al
manome
ter
height,

Differenti
al
manome
ter
height,

h ,

h ,

(mBar)

(mm)

u
(m/s)

u
U )

11.6
12.0
12.0
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.4
12.4
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6

2.2
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0

28.16
30.72
30.72
33.28
33.28
33.28
35.84
35.84
38.40
38.40
38.40
38.40
38.40
38.40

18.97
19.81
19.81
20.62
20.62
20.62
21.40
21.40
22.15
22.15
22.15
22.15
22.15
22.15

9.6

12.6

3.0

38.40

22.15

Reynolds number,

Ux /

= 73790.36

u
U
(1-

9.4
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

Free Stream Velocity, U (m/s) = 22.37

u
U

0.85
0.89
0.89
0.92
0.92
0.92
0.96
0.96
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99

0.13
0.10
0.10
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

0.99
0.99

0.01
0.01

Graphs

Graph of y (mm) Vs

u
U

, (Test 3)

Graph of y (mm) Vs (

u
U )(1-

u
U ) , (Test 3).

TEST 4 (Rough Plate)


Distance from leading edge, X (m) = 0.2

Micromet
er
reading,
y (mm)

0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50

Static
pressur
e
(mBar)

9.4
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

Pitot
tube
pressure
manome
ter
(mBar)

11.2
11.4
11.4
11.8
12.0
12.0
12.2

Differenti
al
manome
ter
height,

Differenti
al
manome
ter
height,

h ,

h ,

(mBar)

(mm)

1.8
1.8
1.8
2.2
2.4
2.4
2.6

23.04
23.04
23.04
28.16
30.72
30.72
33.28

u
U

(m/s)

u
U
(1u
U )

17.16
17.16
17.16
18.97
19.81
19.81
20.62

0.74
0.74
0.74
0.82
0.86
0.86
0.89

0.2
0.2
0.2
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.1

1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25

9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

12.2
12.4
12.6
12.6
12.8
12.8
12.8

2.6
2.8
3.0
3.0
3.2
3.2
3.2

33.28
35.84
38.40
38.40
40.96
40.96
40.96

20.62
21.40
22.15
22.15
22.88
22.88
22.88

9.6
9.6
9.6
9.6

12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8

3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2

40.96
40.96
40.96
40.96

22.88
22.88
22.88
22.88

Free Stream Velocity, U (m/s) = 23.11


Reynolds number,

Graphs

Ux /

= 15521.73 X

10

0.89
0.93
0.96
0.96
0.99
0.99

0.1
0.07
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01

0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.99

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

Graph of y (mm) Vs

Graph of y (mm) Vs (

u
U

u
U )(1-

, (Test 4)

u
U ) , (Test 4).

a) Smooth plate
Test 1.

(mm)

(mm)
(mm)

Theoretical
x = 0.05
Re = 73790.36

Experimental
x = 0.05
Re = 73790.36

0.9203

2.75

0.3166

0.3436

0.1222

0.2674

Theoretical
x = 0.2

Experimental
x = 0.2

Test 2.

Re = 15521.73 X

(mm)

(mm)
(mm)

106 .

Re = 15521.73 X

0.6777

2.0

0.0848

0.25

0.066

0.1944

Theoretical
x = 0.05
Re = 73790.36

Experimental
x = 0.05
Re = 73790.36

0.9203

2.0

0.3166

0.25

0.1222

0.1944

b) Rough plate
Test 3.

(mm)
(mm)
(mm)

Test 4.

106 .

Theoretical
x = 0.2
Re = 15521.73 X

(mm)
(mm)
(mm)

Experimental
x = 0.2
6

10

Re = 15521.73 X

0.6777

2.75

0.0848

0.3438

0.066

0.2674

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:
oil

= 784 Kg

air

= 1.204 Kg

2
gravity, g = 9.81 m/ s

5 mbar = 64 mm
Free stream velocity, U (m/s) = Highest value of u / 0.99.
Example, Test 1:
Reynolds number

Ux /

= (1.204)(22.37)(0.05) / (1.825 X

= 73790.36.

Velocity, u

2 oil g h
air

2 x 784 x 9.81 x 0.256


1.204

= 18.08 m/s

10

10

Free stream velocity, U = Highest value of u / 0.99


= 22.15 / 0.99
= 22.37 m/s

u/U

= 18.08 / 22.37
= 0.81

u/U (1-u/U)

= 0.81 (1-0.81)
= 0.15

Calculation of Theoretical

(boundary layer thickness),

(displacement thickness) and


For smooth surface x = 0.05 m

5.0 x

5.0 x 0.05
73790.36

= 0.9203

=
=

1.72 x

1.72 x 0.05
73790.36

= 0.3166

0.664 x

0.664 x 0.05
73790.36

(momentum thickness)

= 0.1222

Calculation of Experimental
(displacement thickness) and

= 2.75 mm

(1 Uu ) dy

1
7

( ( ))
1

dy

= 1/8 ( )
= 1/8 (2.75)
= 0.3436 mm

(boundary layer thickness),


(momentum thickness)

U (1 U )
1

( y )7

dy

y7
dy

= 7/72 ( )
= 7/72(2.75)
= 0.2674 mm

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