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3D Building Load Analysis and Design

This document summarizes the steps taken to model and analyze a 3D building frame in SAP2000: 1) The geometry of the building is created including floors, grids, and mass assignments. Rigid diaphragm properties are assigned to each floor. 2) Vertical loads including dead and live loads are applied. Translational and rotational masses are computed and assigned for each story. 3) The building is analyzed using modal and response spectrum analysis according to Eurocode specifications. Load combinations are defined. 4) Shear walls are added and grouped to prevent brittle shear failures under seismic loading. Section properties are defined.

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Jorge Eduardo Pérez Loaiza
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72 views15 pages

3D Building Load Analysis and Design

This document summarizes the steps taken to model and analyze a 3D building frame in SAP2000: 1) The geometry of the building is created including floors, grids, and mass assignments. Rigid diaphragm properties are assigned to each floor. 2) Vertical loads including dead and live loads are applied. Translational and rotational masses are computed and assigned for each story. 3) The building is analyzed using modal and response spectrum analysis according to Eurocode specifications. Load combinations are defined. 4) Shear walls are added and grouped to prevent brittle shear failures under seismic loading. Section properties are defined.

Uploaded by

Jorge Eduardo Pérez Loaiza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

First of all, we have to create the geometry.

This time a simple frame case


Define load patterns
Define just live and dead action without the seismic action becaue we will
work with it

Now assign al vertical loads


Now we have to explicitly assign the mass corresponding to the structure
(on the middle of each storey). We assume a rigid diaphragm on each slab.
Now well create a grid line on the middle

Create three reference points


Assign the masses now

Now assign the rigid diaphragm


Select the five joints of the floor-

Repeat the process for the nest two


floors

E poi, possiamo runare! Now, the modal analysis is finished


And we use the response spectrum
In the case of Eurocode

Add load cases (scale factor is the gravity acceleration)


Envelope: Comb1 - s. f. 1 Comb2- s. f. 1
FOR THE NEW 3D BUILDING
We need to assign mass to 3 dof this time (x, y being equal to the mass of
the story - and rotational mass on z to be computed)
W1 = Gk + Qk
W1 = (7+0.15*2)27.5*20 = 4015 kN -> mass M=404.5 Ton
W2 = (7+0.15*2)27.5*20 = 4015 kN -> mass M=404.5 Ton
W3 = (7+0.30*2)27.5*20 = 4180 kN -> mass M=418.0 Ton
These are the values for translational mass equal on x and y
For finding the rotational mass

1
RM 1= M ( L2x + L2y ) =0.3401.5 ( 27.52 +202 ) =38686Tn
12

1
RM R= M ( L2x + L2y ) =0.3418.0 ( 27.52 +202 )=40276 Tn
12

Direction of the slab: vertical

Tributary area:
For the permanent load: 7 kN/m*5m = 35 kN/m on the middle and the half
on the sides 17.5 Kn/M
For the variable load: 2 kN/m*5m = 10 kN/m on the middle and the half on
the sides 5 Kn/M
Assign loads

Computation of the internal actions-Second part, design and check.


Definition of the response spectrum
Peak
site

acceleration depends on the region and it is given by the code in function of


the classification of the concrete. Given in terms of g-> gravity acceleration.
Ground type depends on the geotechnical investigation. Behavior factor is
given by moment resisting frame, multistoried and multibays. q o=4.5 times
1.3. High ductility class and it is regular. This is the design response
spectrum (Divided by the behavior factor).
Now we should define the load case Define-load cases-add new load case
And repeat the procedure for the orthogonal direction. (selecting u2 this
time)

Define- Load combinations Add new

Now for the seismic actions. It is a residential building and the scale factor is
given by the code as 0.3
Sap considers the positive and negative directions, so there is no need to
introduce more combinations. We should just to provide the envelope.

Shear should be always prevented because it is a brittle failure.


Insert now a shear wall. Edit-Edit frames-divide. Into 4.

Define-

sections properties-area sections


Edit-areaa-divide areas. Into four, so we can make them coincide with the
columns and beams.
Define-groups-new group. (GW1) group wall 1.
Select all the elements on the base, then go to assign to group.
Define-section cuts add section cut and then select the group created.
Display-tables

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