PUSAT PENELITIAN KELAPA SAWIT
Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute
Average Average
No. Group Variety Bunch Number Bunch Weight Potential FFB OER CPO Height Increment Frond length Density
(bunch/palm/year) (kg) (ton/ha/year) (%) (ton/ha) (cm/year) (m) (palm/ha)
1 Dumpy Dy x P SP-1 (Dumpy) 8 25 32 26 7.5 40 - 55 6.20 130
2 SP540 D x P AVROS 12 16 30 26 7.8 70 - 80 6.08 130
D x P Simalungun 13 19.2 33 26.5 8.7 75 - 80 5.47 143
D x P PPKS 540 14.1 15.4 33 29.9 9.6 72 5.47 143
3 Yangambi D x P Yangambi 13 16 39 26 7.5 60 - 70 6.09 130 IOPRI's SUPERIOR
D x P PPKS 718
D x P PPKS 239
9.3
15.3
22.8
17.2
28
38
25.17
25.8
8.11
8.4
75
62.5
5.47
6.50
143
130
OIL PALM PLANTING
4 Langkat D x P Langkat 12.5 19 31 26.3 8.3 60 - 70 5.31 143
MATERIALS
PUSAT PENELITIAN KELAPA SAWIT
Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute
Jl. Brigjen Katamso No.51, Medan 20158, Indonesia
Tel. +62 61 7862477, Fax. +62 61 7862488
e-mail :
[email protected], http://www.iopri.org
Since it has been introduced in 1848 at the Bogor Botanical Garden, oil palm
(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Indonesia has grown tremendously and has IOPRI's Superior Oil Palm
brought the country to be the largest producer of palm oil in the world.
Breeding effort through the exploitation of heterosis effect from the crosses DxP Varieties
between dura (D) x pisifera (P) to produce DxP hybrid materials has
undoubtedly contributed to the increasing of oil palm yield. Oil palm
breeding program in Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute (IOPRI) has been
started since 1920s when the breeder in AVROS selected an elite line
SP540T. The scheme of reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) was applied to
base populations developed by IOPRI in the beginning of 1970s.
Yangambi
Breeding Populations Origin
Dumpy Yangambi population is widely used as source of oil
Oil palm variety DxP Sungai Pancur 1 palm varieties worldwide. Yangambi-derived oil
Advanced Dura Dura Deli
(SP-1), which is commonly known as palm varieties developed by IOPRI are including:
Dumpy
Dumpy variety, has low height DxP Yangambi, DxP PPKS 239, and DxP PPKS 718.
Advanced Tenera/Pisifera SP 540
Yangambi increment (<55 cm / year). With this DxP PPKS 718 has weighter
Cote dIvoir (La M) character, Dumpy variety is able to bunch compared to other
Binga achieve economic life up to 30 years Yangambi varieties.
Marihat
Recombination
or longer than other varieties (25 DxP PPKS 239 has higher
years). Dumpy has also a relatively production of CPO and PKO,
Wild type E. guineensis Cameroon
Angola large trunk, making it is suitable to suitable for food and non-food
be planted in peatlands that industry.
E. oleifera Wild type and interspesic hybrid from Suriname and Brazil
BC1 and BC2
sufcient in water availability.
High oil yield is still the main focus in oil palm breeding program. The other
focus is to develop varieties that possess resistance/tolerance to diseases,
especially basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense. Along
SP540 Langkat
with the demands on oil quality, the aim of breeding is also directed to DxP Langkat is the rst oil palm variety
Oil palm varieties in this group
develop varieties with high beta-carotene and unsaturated fatty acids derived from a recombination
consists of DxP PPKS 540, DxP
content, especially oleic acid, and additional minor components such as between pisifera AVROS, Yangambi,
Simalungun, and DxP AVROS.
tocopherols and tocotrienols. The ease on harvesting characters, such as and Marihat population, crossed with
These varieties are produced from
plants with a low height increment, long stalk bunches, fruit that are not the best Deli Dura. This variety has
descendants of SP540T. They are
easily detached, and a clear distinction between the color of ripe and unripe relatively short rachis and the potential
mostly quick starter and high in
fruits also began to attract attentions of oil palm breeders. Oil palm of CPO up to 8.3 tonnes/ ha/year. This
mesokarp per fruit content. These
development in marginal areas requires availability of adaptive plant variety is suitable to be planted in
varieties can be grown in various
materials at sub-optimum conditions, such as drought tolerant, adaptive in undulating and hilly areas and begin
topography of area (at to
the highlands, and tolerant to acid soil condition. to fruit at the age of 22 months after
undulating) due to their wide
adaptability. planting.
