oa REVIEW QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS If the thermal conductivity of the fluid increases, the heat transfer coefficient will a. increase c. decrease b. remain the same d. none of these The equation £.=- 427 ig called ea ae a. Fick’s law equation c, Raoult’s law equation . Fourier’s law equation d. Nusselt equation If the viscosity of the fluid will increase, the heat transfer coefficient in a turbulent flow system will a, increase c. decrease b, remain the same d, none of these Ina fluid, if the currents are set in motion by the action of a mechanical device, and the flow is independent of density gradients, the phenomenon is called a. natural convection c, thermal conduction b. forced convection d. centrifugation ‘The heat transferred radially across an insulated pipe per unit area a, remains constant b. is inversely proportional to the thermal conductivity c. decreases from pipe wall to the insulated surface d. increases from pipe wall to the insulated surface10. 1. 12. 13. The transfer of heat from a point to another within a fluid, or between a fluid anda solid or another fluid, by the movement or mixing of the fluids involves. a. conduction ©. convection b. radiation d. none of these It is a method of developing the design for a heat exchanger wherein the engineer assures the existence of an exchanger and makes calculations to determine if the exchanger would handle the process requirements under reasonable conditions. a, heat exchanger modeling b. heat exchanger calculation c. rating a heat exchanger d. evaluation of heat exchanger performance When water inside a beaker is being heated over a hot plate, the mechanism of heat transfer through the water is considered to be a. conduction ¢, natural convection b. forced convection d. radiation A thick walled copper cylinder has an inside radius of 1 cm and an outside radius of 1.8 cm. The inner and outer surface temperatures are held at 305°C and 295°C; Tespectively. Assume k varies linearly with temperature, with £, = 371.9 Wim-K and 5 = -9.25 x 10°K". Determine the heat loss per unit length. a lw bo 1kW c. LOW d. 40 kW The driving force in heat transfer is a. concentration gradient ¢. viscosity gradient b. temperature gradient d. thickness of the solid in question In using the design equation of heat wansfer, g = UAAT;, the U and 4 may either be based on the inside or outside arca of the pipe. For a system where air is flowing inside a pipe while being heated by condensing steam outside the pipe, the proper U and A to be used is . a. based on the inside area c. it does not matter b. based on the outside area d. none of these If a man touches two metals which were kept together at room temperature, why would one metal feel colder than the other? a. one has a high heat transfer coefficient b. one has a high thermal conductivity c. one has a lower temperature d. one has a higher heat capacity A furnace wall is constructed of firebrick 6 in. thick. The temperature of the inside of the wall is 1300°F, and the temperature of the outside of the wall is 175°F. If the mean thermal conductivity under these conditions is 0.17 BTU/h-fi-°F. What is the rate of heat loss through 10 sq. ft. of wall surface? a. 5700 BTU/hr ¢c. 3825 BTU/hr b. 1070 keal/hr d. 2354 keal/hr 415, 20. A composite wall consists of W; (outer layer) and W, (inner layer). W; and W> are both 5 in. thick. The thermal conductivity of 7; is 1 BTU/fi-br °F while that of W; is 0.1 BTU/ft-hr °F. The termperature of the outer layer is 500°F while that of the inner layer is 1500°F. Find gong. in BTU/br-f. a, 240 ce. 321 b. 218 d. none of these For a furnace constructed with 0.7 ft thick of fireclay brick having k~ 0.6 BTU/hr- ft-°F and covered on the outer surface with a layer of insulating material having k= 0.04 BTU/hr-ft-°F. The innermost surface is maintained at 1800°F while the outer surface of insulating material is maintained at 100°F, How thick must the insulator be to maintain a maximum allowable heat transfer rate of 300 BTU/br-£22 a. 0.30 ft b. 0.20 ft c. 0.10 ft d, 0.40 ft The term 4D is known as k a. Prandtl Number c. Nusselt Number b. Peclet Number d. Reynold’s Number An industrial furnace wall is constructed of 0.7 ft thick fireclay having k = 0.6 BTU/hr-ft-°F. This is covered on the outer surface with a 0.1 ft. thick layer of insulating material having k = 0.04 BTU/hr-ft-°F, The innermost surface is at 1800°F and the outermost is 100°F. Calculate the steady heat transfer per square foot. a, 464 BTUshr-ft? c. 364 BTU/hr-f? b, 258 BTU/hr-f d. 554 BTU/hr-#? A composite three layered wall is formed of a 0.5 cm thick aluminum plate, a 0.25 cm thick layer of sheet asbestos, and a 2.0 cm thick layer of rock wool (density = 64 kg/m’); the asbestos is the center Jayer. The outer aluminum surface is at 500°C, and the other rock wool surface is at 50°C. Determine the heat flow per unit area. The thermal conductivities of the materials are as follows: Substance Temperature —_k(W/m-K) Aluminum 500°C 268.08 Asbestos 93°C 0.17 Rock Wool sic 0.05 a. 954 Wim? c. 456 Win? b. 1085 W/m? d. 1840 Win? Determine the steady state heat transfer per unit area through a 1.5-in thick homogenous slab with its two faces maintained at uniform temperatures of 100°F and 70°F. The thermal conductivity of the material is 0.11 BTU/hr-ft-°F. a, 56.4 BTU/ar-ft c. 26.40 BTU/nr-ft? b. 13.4 BTU/br-f? d. 21.70 BTU/br-£? A 6 inch thick wall is 12 ft high and 16 fi long. One face is at 1500°F and the other at 300°F. The total heat loss in BTU/hr is (k = 0.15 BTU/nr-ft-°F). a. 69,900 BTU/hr ¢. 12,960 BTU/hr b. 69,120 BTU/hr d. 91,260 BTU/hr22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27, 28. 29. A composite wall consists of 2” corkboard (inner), 6” concrete and 3” wood (outer). The thermal conductivity of the materials are 0.025, 0.8 and 0,065 BTU/ft-br-°F, The temperature of the inner surface of the wall is 40°F while the outer surface of the composite wall is 78°F. What are the temperatures between the cork and concrete and between the concrete and wood? a. 52.6°F , 73.2°F ©. 38.1°F , 67.4° b. 62.7°F , 64.98 d. none of these In heat transfer by conduction, due to symmetry the heat flow at a point is perpendicular io the isothermal surface through the point. This mode of conduction is characteristic of 8. non-isotropic solids ¢. insulators b. isotropic solids d. conductors The ratio of the internal thermal resistance of a solid to the boundary layer thermal resistance is described by a. Nusselt Number c. Biot Number b. Prandtl Number d. Reynolds Number The measure of the relative effectiveness of momentum and energy transport by diffusion in the velocity and thermal boundary layers is given by a, Nusselt Number ¢. Biot Number b. Prandtl Number d, Reynolds Number The property of the solid that provides a measure of the rate of heat transfer relative to the energy siorage is referred to as a. thermal conductivity c. thermal diffusivity b, heat capacity d. viscosity The range of wavelengths of electromagnetic waves that is associated with thermal radiation is from a 10° to 107 um c. 100 to 10,000 um b. 0.1 to 100 um d. none of these An ideal surface that absorbs all incident radiation, regardless of wavelength and direction and is also considered to be a perfect emitter is referred toasa a. gray body c. black body b. black hole d. pin hole The spectral distribution of a perfect emitter has a maximum and that the corresponding wavelength depends on temperature. The maximum spectral emissive power is displaced to shorter wavelengths with increasing temperature. These statements refer to a. Stefan-Boltzman Law c. Wien’s Law b. Kirchoff’s Law d. Planck’s Law The amount of radiation emitted in all directions and over all wavelengths by a perfect emitter is Proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature of the emitter. This is the statement of a. Stefan-Boltzman Law c. Wien’s Law b. Kirchoff's Law . d. Planck’s Law30. 31. 32. 33. 34, 35. 38. This is a statement of a. Stefan-Boltzman Law . c. Wien’s Law . b. Kirchoff’s Law d. Planck's Law a. black body ¢. opaque body b. gray body d. transparent body Thermal lumped analysis may be applied if a. the thermal conductivity of the solid is very small b. the convective Tesistance is very large ¢. the convective Tesistance is very smalt compared with the conductive Tesistance . d. the conductive Tesistance is very small compared with the convective resistance a. maintained the same c. increases b. decreases d. can not be determined Which among the gases listed is transparent to as radiation a. oxygen b. carbon dioxide —¢, water vapor d. ammonia In boiling, the stage when the rate of bubble formation increases so that the velocity of circulation Mereases and the heat flux, q and AT also increase is referred to as a. transition boiling c. film boiling b. nucleate boiling d. rapid boiling The view factor Fz oF a sphere (1) of diameter D inside a cubical box (2) of length L = Dis al b, 3.14 ce. 1.57 d. 0.524 The triangular center to center distance of a bank of 2 in OD tubes ina fumace is 6 inches. Estimate the total view factor, F directly intercepted by the first two rows of tubes? a. 0.48 6.0.91 ©. 0.54 d. 0.72 Btu/br-ft"-°F, for water flowing inside a 2.0 in. ID smooth horizontal straight pipe at a velocity of 4 fps and an average temperature of 78°F. a. 1790 b. 2000 c. 2910 d. 224039. 40. 41, 42, 43. 44, 45, Water is flowing inside a %4-inch 14 BWG condenser tube (hi = 20 kWh? °C) and saturated steam (ho =35 kW/m’-°C) condensing outside. If k of the tube is 120 W/mK, the value of Uo is kWim?-K a, 10.8 b. 8.9 ce, 27.5 d. 12.7 A semi-infinite solid in heat conduction is one where a, only the conduction on one side affects the temperature distribution b. the thickness is not so large c. the length is semi-infinite d. the heat flow on the surface is negligible A 2-4 shell and tube heat exchanger means that there are a. 2 tube passes and 4 shell passes c. 2 shell passes and 4 tube passes b. 2 baffles and 4 tubes d. 2 baffles and 4 shells Air is cooled in a double-pipe counter-current heat exchanger from 120°F to 100°F with water entering at 60°F and leaving at 75°F. The largest temperature range in the heat exchanger is a. 15°F b. 20°F c. 40°F d. 45°F The smallest temperature approach in the heat exchanger of Prob. 42 is a. 20°F b. 15°F c. 40°F d. 45°F The LMTD for the heat exchanger of Prob. 42 is a, 53.2°F b. 17.4°F c. 42.5°F d. none of these Air flowing inside the annular space of a double pipe heat exchanger is being heated by steam inside the inner pipe. For this case, the U in the heat transfer equation should be based on a, the outside area of the inner pipe c. inside area of the inner pipe b. inside area of the outer pipe d. it does not matter