SOLUTIONS MANUAL TO ACCOMPANY MATRIX STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ‘Second Edition William McGuire Cornell University Richard H. Gallagher Clarkson University Ronald D. Ziemian Bucknell University ® JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. NEW YORK «CHICHESTER * WEINHEIM BRISBANE # SINGAPORE * TORONTOSOLUTIONS MANUAL PREFACE ‘The material in this volume consists of solutions or answers to almost all of the problems in the second edition of our book MATRIX STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS except those in Chapter 8, Nothing is included on Chapter 8 because the problems in that chapter involve applications of classical theories that we believe have been illustrated adequately in the examples of the chapter or in the listed references ‘The problems of Chapters | ~ 7 cover linear elastic analysis and the principles of virtual work. Most of the problems in these chapters are the same as or similar to problems of the first edition, The nonlinear analysis problems of Chapters 9 and 10 have been solved using the program MASTAN2. In these chapters, we have tried to include information sufficient to illustrate the approach used and the consequent results, ie., the ‘model analyzed, deflected shapes, moment diagrams, key response data, etc. As noted in the text, in nonlinear analysis small differences between acceptable solutions may be expected. It should also be noted that whereas the problems deal with various types of structural behavior, for simplicity of illustration all practically significant effects have not been considered in all cases. For example, warping resistance is not included in problems involving torsion and the possibility of tension only members going slack in suspension systems has not been investigated. The problems of Chapters 11 and 12 pertain to computational methods for solving linear and nonlinear systems of equations. Some of the problems in Chapter 11 are the same or similar to problems in the first edition Chapter 13 includes problems related to special analysis procedures. A majority of the solutions to the problems in this chapter are provided with the exception of those requiring extensive algebraic or numerical manipulations, which we believe have been illustrated adequately in the examples of the chapter. For many of the problems in Chapters 11 — 13, the use of spreadsheets and software for numeric and symbolic computing is encouraged. We have tried to prepare a manual that will be helpful to instructors using the text. We have not, however, applied the same standards of checking and editing that we used in preparing the text itself, While we trust the solutions are accurate, we are sure that errors exist liam McGuire Ronald D. Ziemianee es A a Sear eager eae ace fast ee mea fa the in ea 4 EC Pee errr cee AE PCL SM aera aie eck ce cate te oa a aibe : fe lake ae Tee facies sa Se-eca a aes a aati een Th a EB ea ES ESSE SapS Se ee ae ee aoe teat eee SC ge Ee obec a Se fe se BL fea ena eg sree aged MEE a fala aa arte a Feber a8 poss necme A fa aati Ref gleeld SS dee eae e eign i gh eine ot eae ee ae pipers ee ete POM Tc eee PtP eee ee aR ees ae ia RRA sg ibeigbet pe Sea aw gar iF Aina An ieee ste Pa ce lS Dade a aL oar gra ot ee eee eee atic iat oa a eee £ 4CONTENTS Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. Chapter 6. Chapter 7. Chapter 9 Chapter 10. Chapter 11 Chapter 12..... Chapter 13.. 12 26 52 60 74 94 108 1294 3 We20 Fad Ve & —+ a2. Kees Fag > Vo: Re . -2Ph y Das Vo | SEA Vue — BAG Ams. » 36h Find Wee Calculate bar forces: 3 F, ee =o NB Meet Fea « “EP F - $e Fudzo ae ve Joo F eee sete ie Fy c-2veP ia e Few a sone)? ie 3(\Na) From the first pact of Eg.26: cree EB (cost 2MO Uy + Sino cosrro\ Xb ie : a) ye a we Ee . Pie ISU, HSM3IS 835.) eyPROB. 2.1 CcoNTINVED) Prssemlele Eqs.09 awd (BY im matrix fem: EA | Bf) Lee + 4 =t-[(M) ale) L! Solve for Arsplacements {ele ee oh 1 phe Ve ANS. “Me= -& PL ANS Ss Ac Vp s-& PL ANS. 27 AE wee Find Vy Te wy and Vor are The same OS wy ond Vey Pw Coy absve, 2. Fram parts @) and ©), Mor 7 BRL 2@-N3) aL 3ER 1 ER = -3 (7-35) EA ANS,PROBLEM 2.2 For member ab, with Wwye0, Up_= 0-001L- ob Fue WSAE Uy = h5 AE (0.001 LY = 0.00\SAE @) For member be, with Wy =0.001 Fits ABU, AGU = O.001KE -AE ue o NS i Fok MEMBER ed, with ug sd. ed, ed 72.8 kE VSL * sl ¥, 2.8 RE u, oR oe ak aa But Pe US A Hines, wih wes Gt oh ee ee \ a Ase _ ee? "e AE? © 0.000 737 AE F, = 128000) © Feo @ ann © » Re FSP, Fs 0.0015KE + 0.000737AE _= 0.00224 KE Cees Wer me’ se, =k - 6000737 AE) — o.o0026a 2-07 Ae Z8 PROBLEM 2.3 As ABOVE e 0.00\S AE Ne = R= ~0.001S AE = 0.00\AE-AE We Lu HENCE, U.= 0,0025L Fs 0.001ShE Rs weneus 2 BBE. 00s) = 6 0c HAE as eR = ES, Sts 0.0074RE + 0.00 GAE= 0.0085 AE 3PROBLEM 72.44 THE STIFFNESS EQUATIONS. FoR ME StTRVCTURE SHowny ARE AS FoLLOWS 2 OS Pad M+ Sim Prcor divas & a ab cos" Uy b SA, coed Va = EY gl ‘Ea THE Sov Gives ab 2 ae 2 Vee Fel Bala ce he ES Bal code For Va =9 WE HAVE A ab As oefae bee Bo fae al peas Toes co fay Lae fee HOWEVER, FROM VERTICAL EQUILIBRIUM, AD POINT ao b Bt, ce fy, he HENCE Ay = ain fas Co. Jac hab Rac bn SOT Fay cose, Lae = o.boo! Ns S* (xo00) = 1,444 wim. O.4oIS Thus Agu is DETERMINED BY THE TRUSs GEOMETRY AND WS INDEPENDENT OF JOINT Force. (AWS. o) 4PRostem 2.44 CconTiINUED) Save Now FOR Ua lo Wo Fe 5 sud Ac03 he Re SEAN: Smi4uCOS Gay Fas SIN Par COS ha COM fae SIN Jays 6% Pus, ,\ L = aa en Zalggt ONS Ea ALL QUANTITIES iW THE BRACKIST ARE PoSTTIVE AWD WoOWS Wor PUSSIBLE To cATAIN Wyso (ANS. b), _ FoR VERTICAL APPLIED LOAD, VSE THE FoLLow ING ST\FENESS EQVATONS CSEE SECOND OF €Q. 25) Us si fae CoS Brut Va SIN* AY = es Blo Ue SIN Fee cosdac + Va SIN*A, - Gee ae (neh Ogle foe -E aA, SIN h, SING, Cos fy SIN7AL- SIN Jy. COSgae SINT vaso ven Aye Site Lab 5S Rac 2 sid, Lee Fe Wee ab Ys _ HF Bee TNA LL rat |i s. Beinn | ae ip Re TNA ae ence Aaye sri fic Co fac Lab Bac = 11944 mm. esPROBLEM 2-5 oVe0 PROBLEM 2.6 SET FU=0 Avso, Denote Eig = = Kau aww EA, = tee Sowe mipple EQuATION : we mak. (Meat + Kpete] BY SUBSTITUTION INTO THIRD ine ot Kaul Fee — KooKee wat[i = we kee kee sks, Vea Kee, BUT Ups O = P, RESULTING IN Pe ‘aa kee lee Uc. WHICH AGREES WITH ele EXAMPLE 2.6.1 PROBLEM 2.7 ELEMENT StiFeWeeses: Element o-b Ris _[22e28 226,29 ma ie [ee oe ELemenr a-¢ Fis 360Ve ya Element a-A lech: 1Ok.9s 181.5f 4 GLOBAL STIFE NESS + 1 8) i: 302.65 Rg SM3.06 © 70-76 fale - a fe A 20183 wswd { ai Fo) pists ons slo wer Wye Vera Rat 873.6, Bae 2717.7 | P= 2854.7 kN 72" 1o' 31”PROB. 2-8 Ig oo a t es Add honal condition requires Equilibria at by Nae Few Fug BPso = =-3Ey te, Sey, - ey, est, Nor Ans, ame oe ANI.(a) “Me bo bFa Ye + (tec |(E2) o dq a xPROB.2.10 @BSTRYUCTURAL SYSTEM, 4 wed«t j she? © CEquililorinn) where. w= displacement, AaWerivitity 5c = forte, Pe \ood- hgh ft Nodr bo. Uy edf, = Ast, 4=P Sif, =P hence: &. Pf. dap 2+d3 drids Ay Nodr O Wy Ug- Uy, =AF, f= P hence: Unet Uy td, Ps dics rdids +dad, v dtd, a) Upped P Maye dads @ ras (6) RESistog NETWork NeRI, Z4,-1 fe ¥ (Kerdeff's Lax) 7 z a where: VeNelbege whee: VeVolbege leap D R= Rsustenee, hee Current: Te Correct supplied &PROB.2.10 Cconmnved) Rerss be: Veer RT, = Rs TS and et Lied ee ee co ut Ry POSSE Naw Cae er (2) hence Vaos Vat RT RR sRLR,tRR. Tr RarRy (2 GG Comparing OO £ Ci, and (2)! amd and 2") We see Wr following analogy: displecemmart = Ww eV = dcop Slexiblety 2d Revésistanu pedis eet eM) Te eae Prob. 2.4 @smumag. Seren Symboels, ace The sem es vn solution «f 2.10 » Ce pe thes ke stibt reas Als, Fe kaw , ZheP Atv Node b Sarkar Ae kia, awh $4 dye Pe CRON A» ey a ul Maes Mee Ubre, Fe Pe ua ence’. as kerk) wee @, fe lakes, We kek els > eae @) 7PRoB 2.11 (ConnwvED) (Qcarrcitog NETWORK QV, EN; 2V [oes Qe Capaciter charge 1 4S GC Crpacitance i Tat y,- Voltage Avop Vie Battery veltuge e Dems be, Qe CYe, Rae CMe anh —§-« Qa + Qa= Que (Cr*#CQVe, Prevoss ab: Vab= Vac Vee = Q and Vac=V Gort GCs : Yen Qe Cyr CHC Ni a — Sh V (a' C+ Cx +03 ' 3G, GaN Q@) C+ Ca +Cy © Comparing (1) and (4)') (2) and (2)! and GY awk (39) we see The Fo Nowning anclayy STRUCTURAL ELECTRICAL displacement = = V- NVolboue drop sbvthnes = «+ C= Capmcrtaner Sore =f, ne Qa Chane v 10PROB.2.12 1 TWE EXPANSIWN OF THE CYLINDER Were VNCONSTRAINGD IT WOU BE : Wee LAT = (231g ®)(2x10%(50) = 2.31 wm. THY 1s EQual TU THE STREMMHING oF THE STEEL PLUS THE CONTRACTION OF THE ALUMINUM IN REACHING THE FINAL PosiTleN We Use tg = Eb 4 EL : PsEs AL Ea . WwTERE THE Force, F, 1S THe Same IN BOTH WAIL 2B1= (2000 | 2900 EF = (0.05 0.0816) F 200x10 =—70x350 CE a17Ss kw. CrENS. i STREL, come. IN ALUM.) CHANGE IW LENGTH! Us 0.0SF = 0.88 mom. Ue bd mn. PROB. 213 20.387 9 eee OG2T AB u Ww = o3\ 04% T mm. PRoB, 2,14 Va= 0.306 mm. ALCHAPTER. PROBLEM 3.10 (2 866,08 “%. me) ie 10S | Aum: Low (By) 2 1333.33 “Kn, b hea ae Nios Vie + (A) 2 144.20 -15 has ~ 433.75 A; ‘tabs THD3 25 433 2S AQ 4 Free = 1333.33 ' ( Fe as 1 5 A Now S4m, Rag Jetmaif? 5 Ae Bed (5 FS. a3 a ce Feed ee) 4 GLOBAL STIFFNESS (WITH 43 7AQ =o) 100] _ [26% at 4, -200}~ [332-1 IB6ella, O01 memry By = 79.21% men: RACKN, J2 258, R44 a ie7, Be~ise, 188.) wer WETKN, Fy = TE3.21 KWPROBLEM 3.\b THE GLOBAL STIFFNESS EQUATIONS ARE (AL VALVES IN MaTRIXx ARE IN kN) P siz A) R BEY S40 Ar ° o 150 5 (Sy) pS f | 2 666.67 0 6b.47 a G)~ |-si. sey -750 0 te As E] [-se4 -288 0g aay asua7 A, h ° 0 0 0 9 9 ° 4, r 0 0 9 0. 0 666.67 0 Goes} | Ag AFTER IMposiNG BOUNDARY CoNDIMONS 1 R, ° G6.G7, Ay pls Soop= | o Vee | in a ste P é O 384 4467] 4, 6 A ° a os aaeta aes” a =. 12, 4 . Gi ~AGLLY PR, =12).0 k > Bye \33ee 7 ° % 10 Fyre Ree kw g = 338.6 KN B3.lc Member ab ac Forces (kil) 223 0 223 176.3 235.0 -293.8 -198.8 331.2 254 22.2 27 -287 22.2 142 130 -166.8 100 29.5 -36.9 22.1 Disp1. (m.m.) uy = 0.411 vs = 0 Us 0) Ye = 0 u, = 0.428 Vv, = 0.264 us = 0.741 Ve = -0.298 uy = 1.820 Vp = 70.297 ug = 0.355 Vg = 70.329 u, = 0.709 £4 A=30 was used for member bd 266 064 -066 071 12 Reactions Rye = 165 b ho Renee Xd Renee y, 7 18 75 7 8 R, = -225 = 223 =| -2 = -178 = -104 = 104 (kN) KN. kNPy ELEMENT STIFFNESSES? Fes 2B ug (Elemmt B) Element Ct z Be ee 1.0607 1.0607 ][ Ua E° \= =I 0607 1-0607 | ve Yo Element DE (let Ae ko?) {me = El eorsk 0 .043361K](u, Ge 0.ONB301k 0.07Sk | \va. GlopaL sTiFeNesc; ‘ hse 3.0607 + 0.025k sm ie oP 1.0607 40. Ob 33k 1.0¢07+0,075 | (Ya Let Re 106074 0.0433%¢ = -Ry, sioaaT Fons oe Rv sore ae cee ee de eee eee (1.0607 +0.0433 RK-1.0607 -0.01SK)> FPs2cue-2Rwl FS. \.0¢07 VZ (1-R\mp- $ Feankm ge no O4s3— 0.0rSB) + (0.075- 0.0433) lap ARP pe Vas me € P £ .8P F AGP, FePROB. 3.4. THE GLOBAL STIFFNESS EQUATIONS ARG Re “403448 ie Be ° “DOR sym. Ve Bz | -AEf-.041@@7 |.o7zied |.217984 Us| Bl OTAG4]—125 03624) .244241 Ve Bea O4VGOT 072164. 16667] 0 |.20A34 Ad YA —-072164— 125 ° O — pO3sTe26 |, 24924 Vy AereR CONDENSATION OF FIRST TWO Rows i 14634) es Pe +000 226 | 184504 sym. vw % | Ae Rp = 153674 F.02244p]-'9@R4L | uy a Ra 1022446 ~,03%q3}-00027 6 | e404] MA Vy=7208/Ke » Ver *MAe , > Ac Ug = M16C/pe , Wer 2NM0/KE, Up = HUE F = 84qkN, FL --66, Fs 7244 de Wo tHor, Ger Nor, Rye 7!26, Frye es Bano kN , Ry =-%0 Buea Be = a aPROBLEM 3.6 MEMBER FORCE (kN) MEMBER FORCE (kN) MEMBER FORCE (KN) AB -281.25 Ab 36 Ef 202.25 BC -281.25, ha -22.5 Ff 0 co 250 be 31.25 #6 (120 DE --250 Bb © -100 6g -75 EF -187.7 bc 80 gh 120 Fe 187.7 Cc -178 6h 0 GH 93.7 Cd 40 Hh 0 HI - 93.7 de -40 hl 120 ac 0 Dd —--100 li -75 ce 136.75 dE 80 eg 58.6 Ee -50 gi 0 ef 120 JOINT u v JOINT u y A 13.10 -1.20 F 0.252 -51.00 8 9:59 -46.33 t 0.526 -51.00 b “5.11 -44.73 6 0.487 33.42 c 6.07 -55.43 9 0.781 -31.02 c - -49.83 H -0.604 -21.84 D 2.95 -64.60 h 0.440 -21.84 d 1.35 ~63.00 I -0.721 24.00 E -0.18 — -57.80 i 0.71 0 e 5.47 -56.20 47PROBLEM 3-7 3, (©) For THis stRUcTURE THe SMFFNESL EQUATIONS 1 Kee (NOTE SymMeTRY IN MATRIX) a 4 32 i Ou ry Ars | s TBs | r i e so) ___ X E 52 | % b= Ae] ° c “Tes ) 5 %, Oe Ae ° 233 | gz Iz 2 SO ae =i. Se <9 Ww RS “25 aS “His as | wy M We we “% We DETERMINANT OF THIS MATRIX 16 2ER0, so THE MpaTRIx 15 SINGUAR, (CAN ALSY BE ESTABLISHED BY GausS-dORDAN ELIMIMATION). NOTE THAT REACTION FORCES MEET AT A SINGLE Poiny SEE POINT 0, ARovE) VNeEss RESVUTAMT cay BE APPLIED THROUGH Trin PONT, Rigip Body Monon Witt OccuR, (be) ON Member 2-5 CHANGES IND Com PAREN Wire STRUCTURE IN PART (65, THE STIFFNESS EQUATIONS ARE 3z By ae 2s a e 7S0 sym. 1B mperelo o ote i2, he % G ys e ee a ae tg 4 m5 “As “Tis “a: uw, vy We THIS MATRIX 1S WONSINGULAR, THE STRUCTURE IS STRBLE WDER AU WADS- 18PREM 3.8 PRETENSIONING FoRce IN ae me ede Bo) 9.6 XN Z-sm is? Bins Ce) (6) CALCULATE VERTICAL STIFFNESS AT @, R- = (= 3x10 + (setis)4 xi a x10 a Se yoat Sa = 0.0767 Eve oe Mee Cone To ELIMINATE PRETENSION IN ab, TRE Force IN Tre Memnee must BE SOKN, STIFENESS EQUATION’, _ 3 103 = . 5 eS Fos ini ieee Me HE at M% eer ona FRom ELEMENT Tuus, Fer 50, + 63.4 KN. 50 = ae Atso, FoR Fj, 2 50, Ms stag bce AFTER fe DISPLACEMENT OF Yi mem tS REACHED, ONLY MEMBERS ac pwp ad ARE ACTIVE AND THE RELEVANT STIFENEss EQuanon VS Ree Jo = 00167 — Vee 3.34Va, oR Mar Me /zay Maron) un [| 4 ee (Wh 2 63.4) aie N 10 % 30 40 Sd GO 70 Falk ouProp. 3-9. MEMBER, Force (kN) aly cd be ae bd PROB.3.10 26.054 | sm™. k,, =| 2:0" 4.408 | d A661 oo "26.0541 LEP OQ + 2.027) 9.09% peAerio Up Ve Un Ve BECAUSE OF SYMMETRY Wye Wer, Ver Ver THUS, THE STIFFNESS EQUATION -P= 440% -10"pey om v= -10.09? fe. Prog, 3.11 AN THIS CASE Moz —Ne AND Uys Uc ENFORCEMENT OF THESE conpiRons Gives force (kN) | MEMBER -O5328 EA al .O81S EA we fo} ou ~ 08 1SEA bd ~ 05388 ed 20PRoatem 3.12 THE STIFFNESS EQUATIONS ARG Pp 38 Ke wy om. 250 » es = Ae 2 318 Ue Rp I-.096, oO ~OT2 Vp Be © 0.0% 9 .o7r(%e MuLTiPLY RoW © +@ BY .0% Ki2g. SUBTRACT Row @FRom Row @. REsvut wir Be THE Sawe: L209e +096 —.072 .072) JHVS, THE STIFFNESS MarRixX IS SINGUAR (ANS, @) iF P= Re=P bomb vector 1s 19 0 P PAT IN VIEW OF SYMMETRY Vy= Me, Ue = UL Tut Ropucineé THis Int? THE STIFENESS EQUATIONS And SOWING, Vo = -1744 Phe Werte (aus.b) PART c. CANNOT sove IF PPR, since FULL EQUATIONS MusT BE USED AND THEY BRE SINGULAR. ZLPROBLEM 3.13 MemeeR Force (kN) ob o.40 Wye -OOSt mem Vz be 0.72 Wes 01th mm, cd 3.86 Ver 7 eo mm. cf -5.84 eb 0.40 PRoBiem 3.14 c d ie’ i tee aes b + | 2 Oe o PROBLEM 1S ESSENTIAL THe SAME PS PROBLEM 2.11 wiTH kw ky AND CaxCa ks EA. 20042 «10s 133.33 FN Me 3 x03 lack, = E2he smo 2124.7 KNK. he es Ge Cre ky C,= 0.475, AMS 22PROBLEM 3.15.2 Member Force (kN) Member Force (kN) 1-2 -72.8 7-6 42.4 2-3 -74.6 6-1 78.8 3-4 -48.0 2-6 -25.3 4-5 ~48.0 6-3 57.2 5-7 45.2 3-7 28.3 Joint u(m.m) ——-v(m.m.) 3 Z 0.098 -0.395 3 0.036 0.389 4 0.035 -0.283 q, u 3 0.107 0 4 5 6 0.045 -0.408 7 0.081 -0.301 a 6 PROBLEM 3.15b (Note: A=40 for member 5-6) Member Force (KN) Member Force Member Force 1-2 47.3 5-6 62.5 9-10 -47.3 2-3 61.2 6-7 -37,5 10-11 733.5 3-4 74.8 7-8 -74.8 1-10 -23.1 4-5 37.5 8-9 61.2 2-10 18.5 Joint — u(m.m) 2 0.036 3 0.081 4 “I 5 A 6 a 7 i 8 9 10 2d3.15¢ (Note: We use A=40 for members 1-2 and 4-5) Member Force (kN) Member Force (kN) 1-2 -16.0 1-3 3.9 2-3 -19.2 2-6 16.1 3-4 8.8 3-6 1.3 4-5 4-6 32,3) 5-6 3-5 16.5 6-1 Joint ac 3 4 2 3 4 § é \ 3.154 Member Force (kN) Member Force (kN) 1-2 85.2 2-6 -22.1 2-3 44.4 2-5 9.7 4-5 -27.3 2-4 37.3 5-6 62.4 5-3 322.5 1-5 28.0 3-4 V8 Joint u(m.m) —_v(m.m) 2 0.053 -0.089 a) 0.075 = -0.197 4 -0.008 = -0.217 e -0.023 -0.080 243.15e (Note: A=40 for members 1-2 and 8-9) Member Force (kN) Member Force (kN) Member Force (kN) 1-2 32.3 11-12 4.4 4-14 27.3 2-3 -45.6 12-13 6.6 4-13 -38.5 3-4 18.4 13-14 18.4 5-13 0 4-5 8.7 14-15 45.6 6-13 -3.1 5-6 8.7 15-16 22.8 6-12 2.2 6-7 6.6 16-1 22.8 T12 3.1 7-8 44 2-16 0 7-11 2.2 8-9 3.1 2-15 32.3 8-11 -3.1 9-10 -2.2 3-15 27.3 8-10 0 10-11 -2.2 3-14 -38.5 Joint u(m.m.) v(m.m.) Joint u(m.m. ) v(m.m. ) 2 0.114 9 0.083 0 3 0.074 10 0.085 0.006 4 0.058 W 0.087 0.011 5 0.066 12 0.090 0.017 6 0.073 fs 13 0.096 0 7 0.079 0.014 14 0.080 0.184 8 0.083 0.006 15 0.040 0.335 16 0.020 0.171CHAPTER 4 PROBLEM 4.1 E = 200,000 MPa. lo ELEMENT STIFENesseS é Memaen sb ET, - 20910010, 32S 108 2 2106 KN wom Be 0.24 » Ym Ve. Me {= |t-2x1o” 8~o* Pa aa 3 Ry roay 12a 2d Ne 2 Me taro? 4 x10% -L2x10° 8x toe |USe g of memeer be ED = 7OTZPR IP = 4x10 KN mm Fr Braet ‘ Bar Fat (aaab) 3 i aha ad M,= Ee ; Ma- 2 Fab, M,= Path 3 7 Whe Agaates : 3erL* be e 5 Lb) | Aye Pe (+2) a rae m= Fab (bat), M,= Fath (642) yal 22 w= Pall” (aL+b) 126L c ‘i P etic om Zaee =L 1 z 3 4 Ba = ET (adpraere acty¢?) “i M, = Fe (20 40(a +0) G a?us IF Ma,=O WE CAN SOE ThE LAST EQuaTW OF Oy = (32¥2 -3M -S 32d 4s Ca (3% gy 5S AND, SUBSTITUTING WTO THE REMAINING EQ@s, Cae He ME HD (me Fi = ee Br MYM Me, % A 3] ea With THis As THE STIFENESS Matrix FoR SEGMENT b-c IN) THE PROBLEM WE CBTAIN THE Foo WING SHEAR AND BENDING MomENnT DineramsVge TN24UT een a as-25%f usa 4.4. © KN tor My = 4.84 Kian. Mye5.36, bag = 2,0 KU Ry (Wo. KN. Fy .=28.0kN i = a ae un Rg = 20:1 WN Fas 134.5 KN, = Lune DISPLACEMENTS (meres O8 RAD) | Whe -O8GT Up= 70.272 Ay = 0.305 , uu =-0.150 2 Ue=0- = 1-348 Y= 0.070 Me 2g2 Ve p.ayo y — - O= o.aaxio4 8 =-ONTI AO Or O-103«6", © flocs azKy wer 20KN atl <— 1G e Nye Nd e= 2167 mem Ver =23.51 mem: 4.2kN13.64 32@) we oe = ¢, Ras Ge uel 4 Mas 449g 2 Be Ris se pet 4 a Faia 125 My. + 0.00408 KNum. Wy = 0. VOIELE mam: Me he Nae -- Oaag ee! 2 ailew asco. Dispu. (mem. ) ML" - 0.0206 Uc™ = 0.0304 Ni - 9.7663 Nae - 0.8827 osPROBLEM 4.13 PROBLEM 4.14 mM, 2 4 3 2 1 4 Ty, 1 2 ae ee Speer ay é 40ys 9:00 BEM: 3.563 mem ANG Pras Fov We = —0,00665 mm Ver —0:12358 mm. ce 8.334 *0 WeNoo tess, 5 Secs wnt, €E eraiovo shy veoty Pgh Wea melee & Buy = 010 s=e vad yy =O.070@ * Tors Ut wee Te St lees 3sCHAPTER S PROBLENY 5.) a. DIRECTION CosiNes- OA To x-7-z AXES Ayre 0. B42 | Ags 20.3180, Yer = O.42y ot 32,006 Be sloes4u2 dy CH gis! Use METHOD OF EXAMPLE BS with THeee ROTANONS ABouT GLOBAL AxES [vl- MIDE De] W=7S°%, XK = (90 -109-S42) = -18. Suz P= tan" ile ~26.565° IceKX sx 6]{cz o -Sy (vl: 0 cw sw |\Lsx ox 6 cet As O-swewllo o } se 0 cy 0.848 — O29 O.Yray 0.35% 0.245 0.901 -9:34) -0.416 o.aqy (In Dwr aber, C0 = cos eu, seu = sm w,ete) THis CHEecks VI THE ORTHOGONALITY Comainio® lo, DIRECTION COSINE? — OF To x-y-% AKES Ayr TO4SSB, Myr = 0.5648, Yr = - 0.6838 Mere WTIZ Byer = 12M, Le = 133.14? Loo, USING (2 = 123,75 K =~ 34, mS w=4o° we GET “456 ~0.870 ~0.684 (P]= (6832 0 _o.sss OBC -O,§22 O.47y 36PROBLEM 5-2 THe TRraveronmarion MaTeix (CS tuat Revares PRimeD AND UNPRIMED TERMS IN {X}= ax} is x LP o, Ot OF iGe.G x Y 9 1 0 0 0 ally’ z }=|0 0 1 0 9 o|Jz' Me oO By 1 9g a | Me My % 0 Xr 9 1 0 My" Me eX 9 0 0 t M2! cel PROBLEM S.3 swe My = Mg tae y, fo ~y%o Ee cosf sing 07( 6, Bile sin g cosg | 5 ew peor lel ite ROTATIONS pee aed TRANSLATION MATRIX’, _ (cosg sing ‘Cio 16: (ea aut me me 6 yo>X, ! THE rey min Gives THE FUL ‘TRavge, RBOVG PROBLEM 5.4 Emon Poems: EXoh = LT |{Xas Bet: Lxaye CoV fh. Taos: Ux oh =- LAT (xnd= CEU%G WHeve; lie + oui Be ae wo tol [Sh Thus: Gort )Rroguem S.4CeenT> ALvo; Feom Caos St OF Clo% PRODUT * © mae Ye ]PAa Ay he] [0 Aa! Ay (aera? | = Bro FST Ay Mytagd = | Oo Gat ay] THe Ke 0 [EYE Wy! age or ae) AND COINGPROPEETIES heceHLe MaTeicey a -PEnmegH OP EEATiONS “HES vole vouze | =. 4914 A780 =a ct0 ( 3} Usa cai Seis fe 0.4862 -5,804¢ | z F107 Q04q | “Te oO ° O ~lo.32d 4.29q9 | 38(Both matrices ave mult. by Gloloal Strifnas Conth ve =v=% Fixed END Forces. FE = P fe Frat Be = 70 KN me, Jeon GLoBAL EQUATIONS + (Sf-er[ . caf | 4 ° O.2US 0.50 SG =-1S. COMO, = 81. 60287 44 Y= 2343 kN, f= 53.64KN, P 12.23 ky Reng BENS KN My = our Shae , MYe ~82. 45 Nw mee 26.77 Vv I \2.23akN)Poomem 6b FOUN ste Sd EN 13.96 ue RTH Bhan N 16.6 Nw my PRoBLEm S-6 STIFF. Minreix FoR ab, ae Re | (ae ia sy Ma] "(Up = free yt 7" OL GL Mot JM, = 4 HS 1a Jo Re] Re ea une: Ve tug, Med. LM. He 2u* GL ye i hes SI} l& SMFF.MAIRX FoR da,ac Fa] (fe up {Me Ye) |Fe ads lite, GLOBAL STIFF. Fea, 2 Fa = jo M 2M an\- Be ANSNER UNREALISTIC. JOINT @ Moves UC-LeFT, BUT SHOULD MOVE BOWN-RiGHT: IT Con Be connécreD BY VEG f& REALISTIC "A" VALUE ANP ACCOUNT FOR Errecr oF Axim. FORES. MomMenT DISTRIBUTION Gives Go = ML er Ve. GML ger ABOVE: MOMENT DISTRIBUTION ASSUMES Axi, DEFORMATION NEGLIGIBLE ANS No MoveMENT of POINT Yo", 40Fromenn 5.7 as 9k Element be erie mH Wh sym, M Map| JET] yet t6L™ q@ Re yigz -yp. 192 Ve Mae 4OL elt ~yar wl7] [6 ow ELEMENT al wes |S a 0 | Me] |B 6 ele GloBAL STIFFNESS MATRIX ie aE ve Xp a sy e oe O (Asma ~~ 2-E lex ‘be Ma, SR Hap? “(E+40) 6 B : ar %,=0 Exact ANS... FL "Ex, 3Gle Vers TEV Sve -Sm Hh 10 aye s lo yz 2 Swe Ex) dey) dy dx +ERI be. eal = EL wes CY” is ww Ta + Ene (Gy. sim WI fz aes me = Ztidy ea (ety By, Ka ext.= CH \Civ) = Yody From SWat =S$Wexy. Ver S.1G «10 tm. 6d Member o Gq nhs” 3M Sta Sta Member bo: &* us eer i “E LUs,L Vs ee Le Memleer Ay Ege YY SLs EA (os6S¢ug ~ 0-003 04 15u, +EA Lo. 0034s + g.6H Iss eqs SW ees 250.9 Ss + 150.0 Vs We = 0,070} mm-, Vs 29 -04TOmMm: sq6 IG E £200,000 MPe L = 100 x\0° mw v= rciae Crud Ste Ae sW,z EL ia wey - ee, dx 2 Erm )i[2 So0,+972S a, +42) -30(sin Z. Poe Sint Saz) So, +s 27 -Sa,) 5. Weg. = —40(sin ST = Epa te, 3 FRom SW 6Wext., a,= ~ieeu les -S3-Tlw = ~S3.77 ents 9 Va = “YOBT mom. ous Ry=gorN i 1 % Mig =~ 45 422.5x (osxs6) o™ 3” =Z10-30x (Gsx Evaluction at 1,2,3,4 gives Ur sure ay tore alt ay Vgr Oe hat UCA tay Wye Ae BLA HAN, Zag Saving for ar,03,0, we have WENA thew rhage Naa 5 LF | “RETG HLG, Maas Estey Nav B54 297-497, Megs apt ah? 60JB. VE WFO KOK OGK Ag Tax" O- ay = ALF UAK + Bayx ty ask Sa, xt kee a 2s +GGx 1ZAgK™*E ZOALK® Evaluation of TMese at pants \ and 2 gies VFO, On 5 4n ke = @ Var Op ldat Fase ce Wag+Fa, Se,=Ogs2bast3itay + Yast SLO, Kay © 2g 46 Laghiziza, + 20s Salution for ay, ag, Oe gwes veN, Mit Naas Naat Nu Gast Near + Nokon Nye 1-10p 4155 Legs, N, oF risgtecgs Mae a A calerds Nee aus? Ne= £3 Ugh akg Ys, N be Sesh Nes IY Faw Exi4we — ae c,- tdnlir¥)]C,+ x G +6 Ee ED a ve] * =av of = Oo (igegy |s- Ele CE” Gales Biter evaluation ab pants 1 and vis BOG MEF He-(ht IndyCar shes + i Ox, = EO ~ Etc, , = a ~ errs Solubion foe C\-Cy vi Nw + Nv, wes h + N02, + Ny Se Gl1.4 CConhnuedy oe (with vs ittodn2, B= bn (14%), f9% x) a & (3+ 0dr 2p - 2-10] Re attest mr 7 B(hesber Ce tn df - (wae - 6] ig a = E[Blne- wQorg - tds 4 15 V5 Oba + dy som Ay Si BOK 2 AL ee ee OG oss +4520) cos ax Mie Var tie la, bas ay Ox,zaat (Yas + BT )ay , 6222 & Atlee scluhion for @, say Ve Naive + Ng O2,4+Ny S22 rol, egy EE au Ni ='-3%+44 (acon amx ice 2u Nie 7 4A Nye & Ls EOE a] GL46 The shape fonctions Ny Ns, ave Dane “drewed ta Prblem Ti. Seaml derivates ave neekrA fie construction oF We shiblerss matix. For exam Ve, een 3 og G yr N, e+ 108 ax Qt A Eyprcal shittrsss coedhasat vb k= Ets (NN ax “Ele f"(B- UE + 6 Nada = B3\GETe se Pectormmnte of This epecatnon fee Key, kigstle Osves’. B, *h 5 If & \ By (Sym » EL, = e ee Re [7st |-8e BF gs “ “i, 4 34 -ae 36 Aer ™M - Lu [a 8. ed may ce Pa, 7.7 The resulting sere matrx 1S er & @, S, 8 F jee (k] = ¢3 eq ta SM) re 5.4 24.7 43.2 “13 SY ~1e.q 14.8 G3TI v= (-3(eFna (ZY, + (5 )+ 2x) +X (1- OY Ga, + X((EY- 2) One a - & EAN wz) + 2( 3¥-2) @ +2 tg “ee Id AY hy Ts (B- \O- xy\yar ee eral, 85, es a Ay 3K -x X -i\Vt... Simce each berm in, a expression must equal Bevo is subheimt fo examine on\y Te wnultiplier oh vy. This ges, tie x=o, ~CeE Renee, Equilibram ye nol schishih dao For =A, (1-£(X)') © Ay (@x*) (038) Govemwn equation & EU )be =0 dx Sclwhin t5 We (ie nh, ur dnt her Sante wea, (' - aca a) = 30s af c ai Fer Ae (-¥()A, y- eels | 64 srqin Use “a De gyre shape Funchions vesulis Wy Bye (c_M) [3 +E) (ky = Ea | ar oar) var “ar = H\ 410 86 = 2M 2) 4(3 § +We) Becawse of Te Ate bssumok Displacement anak virtual Arsp ld cement, Ww resulting wmatay is wrayer etni TAB + tre Staleshs NRT ant LP vee [2 WloRaT aS om i WUlsee BH Boundany conditcons * n “ Warping Svees S8,.= yas Sree One tl eo Nuarping Gwedt Stas Sa = Sxce Be = Fron cialgbios! solution ef Eq. M232Vale — Tee cS EGov let we gar ne ES + a b cl Woe &S4 iy epee ot oil Aes oa Wales SAL In Eauilibrianw a ic Boundacy condition % Sree a= y Conbiani ty at bs Seah Oxpr > Shel = Sher sire =Okbe Frou amalybicalecluhon of eee ti 174 aK GeTAS For a 94, (14% *)*) waren a a a member Mae i Fe Ad = qa (> BD uk + sin um) vem bar a + \ treba b aht fr Bato ar SW f-1 VAD For \oed distribwhun o% a ty Omen _2(nndq tomer AW Fe OORT Reese : win) f agenh oi 3) fray — Grass ment) Ma, Coen porary) Mar (mryimedy Oana t)\@ranss) Fur Load Aistrivation bot LFS BE ME, Maye Sab Lo Gtr ODL, Gutyt entqet G11:\8 = _ ie LR My, B. My s=cos 30y(i2+ 18) (G +309) (r+ 8) (3-8), fe LFA ME, BE Missin aot, same rows vetbor as aleel ‘ =f -' Zz Le _xt x S 718 Ne(RRD NEE) eR : ma 1 Af he ee GLA aye se] ‘sl Zz fF Ie lad (EB +g i ota xy fs me 1 CNebe. Tw aloove should lop muliplird ley Mc) qao Usinaa Tho shape functions from Frob.7.4, we ocbtan a t a ELE TWsa3y¢) | Me, { oe Mtb QL Maz, (-\o+ tea) GsSen fe Pros. 1.22 —=——F Ma -u 1 Ry Ay zx i \ Sy. pies cdr = (2 = fees {st (F hg) Ge | beard) (RtEYE) TREANWG Leer REACTIONS Ry, Rea A> REDUNDANTS, Ba joo | ‘ (Ayr BE EEE ae ErEy alt RAE 3) | x (33,72) ( cs (B+2)+ By hed, ic 8) \e2) w mr PROB, 7.23 2 (PX Fe f 9 : Nb me, id A iM 7 Ge AR’ \(£- snr) (sym. ) @l-e Erte ey | (Gawd) %, . + (3+ iy \-cos- sw ¥~ ¥ eqProp. 7.24 R YY - Sy (s.) (+ = : Fae EX, [cos p= + (ha omy teat b-cos siIN-y = Spi al = : (4: E ule et, | las as G35 Det. \d|= ¥ 7 psp cape sya vainly + Eu 2¢CYswuyssny 3 ott enaoe +z ~~ = sty) © = Ys ene sin’ Cia any OF Beno p) Ay =-3siNy cory why siny+ Fos, sin'y ~ snl i SIN 2¢Gsy a= ye 7 l4+2cosy -cos *y aay HPF sssmyr sv smry— snp —cos*¥ -1+ SM 2eorpasinty- -cospty (@|- [2 -l ° Ssiwy (ces) -1 compure [\2] = (Sar rer (ela |CSICAT LS] 10PROB 4.25 S219 mee Safe} RoS ies 2 3 y Mayo. x “ * aa FE | a5 Fal os SS joys = [2] lo. Lt -% Meo eC sw il ae fa} ax, _ | zents O L | tsth%s (a]= Ex} Sey (sm) - SE sine | U7 teats | 3 C7) Cem 73 3 ae res [-E Geigt") | *eoya] PROB. 7-26 Flex. MomeNTs + mate Fay x4My My i y™, FLEX. MATRICES * see [Ct a i af el TeRSIONAL peer Myre Mai, zARlL4My, Fue: Mameices ob Wy, 2 & ie vil \: 13, : el 1 My “(8 4d = le et eJ cr te My “hs Lg Elsertes rye) |UM TlTT Oarag symmetry & Plow SKaws ie WO PU (ya te Dheay AcWecdon eS ZO%D Clerual deblectior for L/h 2% 04 Lt Dee fa, 1.44 Cee Ay IE onal eq tals RAVI, Re& 7. 4 fo Fue ES BES pay > BNR k of £41.46 In analysis a diseceized beau 21.24 Computed vey ponse curves for two levels 6Fduerehgatin GC) Breqments per side Leck s, Toa Ny Vay I) te seqments per aide. 180 LN 49 we es eM adh 13CHAPTER 9 PRowtem a4 woo, Pero 394 i wo Ce 8.3 i! A f] 8 10016020 ‘Dota X Node“ PROBLEmg2 Cribeal loa factors Cessentially the sam @ For Meetwo idealiza bios )t toot 2. On te 3 tonto PROBLEM 1.3 Aqua, ceibiecl loud backers Eanes nana esventially ta cawe bor lL. 1.86 ZA Keleweuk ideairatiouy 3 nae Peoetem a4 = (Loki Fore 15 50 eta X, Node 3PROBLEM aS et < 9075 g os 2 Bo25 = 291091800 aX Node ® PROBLEM otic ars Mince gpeeeewemge 9. rt TFT a ne Mp Maw Apply cach load group merencntally and vecord Minax/M ytPROBLEM 4.1 Prgid jowlss Pure = B4,elhs Load ¥, Node 12 Prnmed (oimbes Raves 38.0 (bg PROBLEM 7.8 Powe = 16.44 (24q000) ae ExTAY = 182.0 let Cate & Frow qs 4.44) G14, & aoe PROBLEM 44 From €qs 4.34, 4,14, & 8.7 e Pete = Ait ops . Ste RO ; wm cae 7oPROBLEM AAO. Tete Daan y Applied Load Ratio ALFov fiyed euds avd loaded Lean ves trained agamrk lateral displace ment and beisin cb nedten t : 3 a i E lash { ugh. cutlicad & lead rahe oo 00 = 64 Beak he PROBLEM 4.12 For given propecbes $ Applied Loag Ratio 76PRoetem 9.14 Fee Cut bovacing ie = OIA KN fam ) Agee Pegg 2nO27 sa Agleret he= 0. L92mud Nye Iya EN, Re = gle P ROBSCEM Fi Beply negatwe offcel, brace an tensive Ane <2 8,22 pea Node §, Load ¥ i020 30a Element 1, Asal Force PROBLEM 4G Pure theore (40 LN Pureeole = 1404 LN v2PReeeem 417 Notes: . he shown Welow, a pm sop petat a” vesalle in a calculated cou pression in 2 cable Seqments Under an unbalarerd load f- Tqe 5000 aud ivovd mY wheren ture ten ston im all seqments foc a roller oo peak aba, 2. Tn all solutions oo small moment of itera (Lelie Wor aeeunrd fo all caloles 2. Age 20 wr ( rather Bea lO ict on ih lob paubig) Was weed te avoid premature ytelding of The Mangers be melanie amalysis CR vbw toe) Code forces tor Putovk ab one Parel gout. Fink ordevelastre amalysit? < d last rerwo BWI L~ toes 3 11* Terecoo Palo’ Pm copperk ab a fe {x 9%3.4* te C00 u3 Irtvan TeBan, > 1v00 Rolly supportaba 8OPROBLEN G17 Ccontrnueld Result for ook at all panel pomts l rolle aay 2 i tieto® wiley Ex spee VAIO} tales EX 10,000 Nae wwlep Fs Dove [qx toF woke De epee fn to? les gx igove Bre ele. Ex th ovo lot Order Clash. Moweda 154103 Ink. Te ree fey 10% qs lopv0 Nv we Te Reve A\tvic® Ux veo ovo = teoeo Dna ovder Blashe Pucneeeas a as Le 2e,000 Tete ovo Applied Load, P ~ a x . a Delta ¥, Node 7 alPROBLEM 4.18 Rewult far [ook at all cadle atachuead ipo tate 2 Pures late ears Lo.mior in 10.8 AHO we UO AL bx Lo inky 1.068 AL. 84 to3 WEI OE Applied Load. P a 2030 Delta Y, Node 6 0 82CHAPTEKIO PROBLEM 10.3 Pug = F004 ep Ped Ota ees * FROBLEM (0.4 Puce Beale Pore = Ble Puc SURTk Rud =Serk () (eb) PROBLEM 10.5 Rre=qeek We=dsik Rve= Tweak Par= AId& S f “ “ + 3 8 2 2 1 7 x x x x rc) cb) 82For P= Leok aud asciqued Properties: 1 1 500 wk’ cor Ta oma 1 Grom. @ ¥ For Petook and assiqned properties: y 0573 0.738 tod Pe? el ore 078 i Gsoo e500 Ree g = Vkipsinckh and assigned properties: 3420 ¢h, aoe keips kL el Tm Le wd y Se eae a ae eee For as Maplin fwd 26siqued proper tess 1 1 3H : f 1778 ies (a RoE stl ke Bty quite te Mss pe 3.006 77 ee a ei ew ee, ¥ S484 ini le, A434 NK PROBLEM 109 Im all cases veerence load, Py = (00 kip> 2a 2 q 3 || i & ae s ” | 29 210 $150, prs ct = ; 7 4305" io wit Coy 82PROBLEM 10.7 Ccentin ves) Concentrated Load Node & uy) ¥ a 4432 inlay (dd 86PROBLEMS 4104 Tucloste enheal load fackors Lo.s 10.4 \ 3,00 3.02 le EG $09 2, S134 3,00 PROBLEM 10.10 ° 0 Rye=4cok H x SH [roorink. 100 lot order nclostio 22d Se 22 284 M334 ube teal 2nd order inelaste 300 Load Y. Node 6 2 a Delta x, Node 3 87PROBLEM 1e.ll Applied Load Ratio "050° 100 789 280 280 300 360 Bena Node ® PROBLE MIOA2 For al\ beamsy hye StS hy Ages 1Oete we a 8 ‘Applied Load, Node 8 8 BeAtormi Maced Pret = look t 24d order results 2 wee ea Faq | Wen alaccaar BPE veqpenc diver La 4 16 we 160) Iso, Vo Aad ot Usk Aorlied Load, Node 11 at B- DDeta Y, Nove 11 Zope wk (by 89PROBLEM 10.14 And order melaskic 90PROBLEM lous f yee mn 72 stability higit 2 YH F 6 10 10 | ge ae © Fl Ss Be r af af y 2 a Worst. Ye sa DetaY, Node 8 Detay, Nede 8 PROBLEM 10.1] : or, a * oo (Kat) fos ae : ges, | RY Rel.\oeds in abe ditberence Frombert) 2° pene Me NV Boz) wa yout (000 1000 1 ) \teo 1000 v0 x mi bl SALA HkPROBLEM 10.18 Reb load Wa 2K yarsigned Properties, Si PROBLEM 1Olq Ref. load Pater aball panel pawts (roller abay Ta = 20,000 we 3 | n t ff 2 2 | ae ge hot ne thot 54 133 g Bos 99-59-2070 Dellasy Node 7 Dad ote-melastre, ALL, = 2.00 92PRORLEM 16.20 Rel toad Palook ak all panel ponte Tae = 20002 in 2 132 T 5 17 Ask order melosticy AL. Ree fad 1208 70 7 : = Data Y, Node 6 a 0 Und ode melashe, ALB. = 134 92Chapter 11 Problem 11 (a)Gauss Elimination: ‘After forward elimination 4 32. -16){[x)) [140] 0 400 80 Hx, |={100 0 0 100]lx) [20 Back substitton: = 20/100=02 x, = (100-80x 20)/400 = 0.21 4 = (140 320.21 +16%0.2)/64=2.1325 (Cholesky method: (= Equation 11 [3 BHR - BH Equation 11.8a een Root-free Cholskey method d,, =64 dy =416-64x0.5" = 400 dy, =120-64x(-0.25) —400x0. yt (72 ~ 64x ~0.25x0.5)/ 400 = 0,2 64 0 0 [ol-|0 4000 0 0 100 auton 11.9 ara bourta-|é ao ele} i {:}-fa| 9 “8” aw fe) [30 mad (b) Gauss Elimination: ‘After forward elimination Ee FE 94Back substitution 2/4=8 (-20-12«8)/16=~7.25 (60 +5%7.25+2.5x8)/25 = 4.65 0 0 1, =VI7=P =4 0 1S-COSxI)/4=3 ty =¥1325-C0s) TTL RH - Gb bs TEE} - ES Root fie Cholskey mein 3.25~25x(-0.1)' ~16x0.75* Equation 11.92 bi i ; “Si as 4 Eauaion 1. ures i? mn sh = {e}-{8 Problem 11.2 ‘Cholskey method: 1, = 20 =4.472 0 [c} 0/4,472 = 2.236 Ly = VIS—12.236? = 11.65 hy, =~40/4.472 8.944 I=? Incaleulatng the fy term the square root of negative number occurs. This indicates thatthe or ‘malt is indefinite nal coefficient 98Equation |1.8a our t-[8 i a el ae {5 -350]] x, Problem 114 (Hint: Use a spreadsheet, Instructor may want to use only three significant figures) Equation 11-20) with four significant figures q=4, ¢=0.005% (a) Gauss-Seidel leration iteration! 1 2 2 8 xy] 0.0000 | 2.1875 Bass | 21325 x4} 0.0000 | 0.2404 0.2100 | 0.2100 xq} 0.0000, | 0.1891 0.2000 | 0.2000 & - 100% 0.0203% | 0.0048% Jacobi Heration iteration 1 2 3 15 16 xj] 0.0000 [2.1875 [1.9936 232s | 21325 xq} 0.0000 | 0.4087 | 0.2332 0.2100 | 0.2100 xq} 0.0000 | 0.0417 | 0.0881 0.2000 | 0.2000 e - 100% 75% 0.0062% | 0.0030% (b) Gauss-Seidel Iteration iteration 1 a a 29 30 x} 0.0000 | 2.4000 | 2.8687 46496 | 4.6497 xq} 0.0000 | -1.176s | -2.8721 : -7.2490 | -7.2492 xq} 0.0000 | 23041 | 3.8637 7.9999 | 7.9993 e - 100% 59% 0.0054% | 0.0040% Jacobi Iteration iteration 1 2 3 82 53 xf] 0.0000 [2.4000 | 2.5771 46492 | 46493 xq} 0.0000 | 0.4706 | -1.7381 i 72479 | 7.2482 xq} 0.0000 | 0.8302 | 16915 7.9977 | 7.9980 e - 100% 3% 0.0081% | 0.043% 96Problem 11.5 with =5%. (Gauss-Seidel Iteration without relaxation iteration, 1 2 3 8 9 =|] 0-000) 24000 | ~ 2.8687 r 42927 | 43908 xq] 0.0000 | -1.1765 | -2.8721 6.3696 | 6.6113 xq] 0.0000 | 23041 | 3.8637 7.1685 | 7.3967 ell - 100%. 59% 5.3% 36% (2)Gauss-Seidel Iteration with overrelaxation, B = 14 iteration 1 vi 3 8 6 xf] 0.0000 | 33600 [3.2223 45576 | 47150 x4} 0.0000 0424 | 5.4603, -73106 | -7.3277 xf} 0.0000 | asais | 6.8356 8.0794 | 8.0799 : 100% 63% 6.6% 3.3% 1 i 2 | 3 4 | 5 | 0.0000 5.0000 “11.6667 137.7778 | -1124.0741 0.0000 10.6667 22.4444 243.1852 | 192.7160 0.0000 -11.0000 72.0000 -625.3333 | 252.2222 i 100% 148% 11% 112% Method is apparently not well suited for solving indefinite systems, 2 injugate gradient method for problem L1.la First iteration with initial guess: {x }=[0 0 off Equation 11.31: {¢°}=[140 170. Off and assume {s,}={° } Ly, J= 4s, F fa]=[14.320. 75,560 10,600] and from Equation 11.32; 01, = 0.0033 Equation 11.26: {x'}=[0.4558 0.5535 0.0163)" Equation 11.346; {'}= [93.37 - 76.03 —29.51 J and from Equation 11.35: € =124>0.1 Second iteration Equation 11.33: {s,}=[137.72 -22.18 -27.93[" and @, =0.0101 {x?}=[1.8403 0.3305. -0.2645)". f° }=[7.41 -7.35 42.39] and e=43.7>0.1 “Third iteration: {s,}=|24.486 -10.101 38,923] and ., = 0.0119 fe'}=[2.1325 0.2100 0.200), f'}=[0 0 Of anie=0<01 (1) Conjugate gradient method for problem 11.1b First iteration with initial guess: f° }=|0 0 off Equation 1.31: f° }=[60 -8 11f and assume {5,}= 4°} Ly J= 4s," [A]=[1432.5 290.5 -96.3)) and from Equation 11.32: ct, = 0.0458 Equation 11.26: {x'}=|2.7505 -0.3667 0.5043 Equation 11.340: f'}=[~5,668 -21.32 15.41] and from Equation 11.35: €= 26.9>0.1 Second iteration Equation 11.33: {s,}= [5.8102 -22.847 17.516 J and a = 0.2640 {r, }= [4.2846 ~6.3992 5.1292], {?}=|-2295 20.377 27.340 and © =34.2>0.1 hind iteration {s,}=[7.077 -16.477 55.595 J and @, = 0.0516 fe }=laes -7.25 sf", £'}=[0 0 off ante=0<0.1 aT(2) Conjugate gradient method with precondl Equation 11.60: dy, =1/V64 =0.125 F- 1 0.1961 —0.1826 175 fA]=[pL4Ip]=| 0.1961 10,3223 | ant $}=[Dlb}= 48.3349 =0.1826 032231 0.4564, Firs iteration with initial guess: {:}=[0 0 Off Equation 11.3 fF }=L175 8.335 0.456 f and assume fs, }= f°} Ly J=4s,¥ [AJ=[19.0513 11.9141 -0,0527 | and from Equation 11.32: ct, = 0.8688 Equation 11.26: {e}=[15.2048 7.2418 0.3966 Bguation 1134b: ff" }=0.9474 -2.0166 0.5022 f° and from Equation 11.35: € = 2.28>0.1 Second iteration: Equation 11.33: {s,}=[1.1902 1.9009 0.5085 f° and 0, = 1.4664 {e°}=[16.9501 4.4543. 1.1423), £7 }=[-0.1151 0.1883 0.9734" and €=1.00>0.1 ‘Third iteration: {s,}=[0.1122 -0.1747 1.0705 f and 0., =0.9795 fe }= [17.0600 4.2832 2.1909)", f"}=[0 0 Of ,ande=0<0.1 From Equation 11.59: {44 }=[D{e" }=[2.1325 0.2100 0.2000 (2) Conjugate gradient method with preconditioning for problem 11.1b Equation 1.60: d,,=1/V25=5 dy =l/VI7 = 0.2425 dy =1/-V13.25 = 0.2747 a 1 0.2425 -0,1374 12 [AE foLaIDI-| 0.2425 10.7662 | ana }=[DY}=}—1.9403 1 3.0219 First iteration with initial guess: {°}=[0 0 Of 0.1374 0.7662 Equation 11.31: fe F=[12 1.9403 3.0219 and assume {s,}={°} Ly defo Ie Li1143 3.2857 -0.1131] and from Equation 11.32: 0, Equation 11.26: {x'}=[14.8643 -2.4036 3.7435 f° Equation 11.346: {¢' F=[-1.7681 —6.0105 3.1621, f° and from Equation 11.35: €=7.0 >0.1 Second iteration: Equation 11.33: {s,}=[1.9987 -6.6196 4.1107 and ct, =3.4355 fe}e[2i73 -25.14 17.878). £?}=[-1.179 4.244 7.409 J and €=8.6>0.1 ‘Third iteration {s,}=[1.8356 -5.7408 13,6092 J’ and 1, = 0.8270 23.25 -29.89 29.12f.f°}=[0 0 Of am e=0<01 From Equation 11.59: {yn }= [Dif }=|4.65 -7.25 8 f° = 1.2388 nt method for problem 11.2 First iteration with initial guess: {x }=[0 0 Off Equation 1131: {-f=[100 -110 —300f and assume {5,}={-°} Ly, J=4s,¥ [A]= [12.900 -9,650 -1,300] and from Equation 11.32: ct, = 0.0409 98Equation 1.26: {x'}= [4.089 -4.498 -12.267" Equation 11.340: {¢'}=[-427.48 284,59 246.84 f and from Equation 11.35: €=570>0.1 Second iteration: Equation 11.33: {s,}=[-137.9 -34 -1,116 f° and a, =-0.0094 fe }=[5.389 4.177 -1.748f {7 }=[-35.908 -48,799 5.9237 J and ©=61>0.1 “Third iteration: {s,}=|-37.-481 -49.187 -6.811 J and 0, =0.0371 fe}-[4 -6 -2f, f}=lo 0 Of and e=0<01 Conjugate gradient method works wel for indefinite systems. Problem 11.9 {@)_ Cholesky method, Bq. 1.15: V3 =5 o 0 100/3=20 0 o yet o (= (0x0))-x-a)/1=3 14, =VI3=0"=0 Ly =0/5=0 Le =(0-(0%20))7 lay Banded Cholesky method, Equation 11.36a with 1B 1, =V3=5 _|tq,=100/5=20 (| a o Equation 11.98 5 0 0 Of] /-100 %| (20 20 3 O O}}y,|_}-445 at Ya -15 0 -3 1 Ol]y,f-} 63 yf) 18 o 0 3 {ly} [74 xh A Equation 11.8a 5 20 0 OF]*% 20 a 4 0 3 -3 Olfm|_J-15) 1, JlJ-2! 0.0 1 3x7) 18 xf) 3 00 oO ily 10 x 5 (b) The Cholesky method by Eq. 11.15 (not shown) provides the same result as below except that many additional arithmetic operations with zero values are required, Banded Cholesky method, Eq 11.36a with HBW=1 0 o o 0 ° ty VB =2 42d l= 4 0 0 0 0% 16 vn) [4 -12 6 0 0 Olfys| |-192 yal |-24 0 12 3 0 Oyb={-171p => yyyp=} 39 0 0 12 2 offy.| | 492 yl | 12 0 0 0 2 six] lm mtEquation 11.8 4 x 24 a = 12 i 10 oy Problem 11.10 HBW=8 HBW =8 Problem 11.11 Primes indicate variables where coefficients are incomplete at stage considered. ‘Member A: 60 —60,000 }{A;] _ fo) ~60,000 80,000,000 || 4 f = 0, ‘Add member B and 50 kN force 120 0 — 60 60,000 }{4,] /—so) 0 160,000,000 60,000 40,000,000|} 4, |_| 0 -60 60,000 60 ~~ 60,000 fya =} 0 60,000 40,000,000 -60,000 80,000,000 ||] | 0 which reduces to 120 o -60 60,000 }[4:] { -so © 160,000,000 -60,000 40,000,000|}4,|_} 0 0 0 75 =15,000 |)a, {=} -25 0 0 ~15,000 40,000,000]| 4} [25.000] 1002 aAdd member C and 30 kN force 67.5 45,000 60,000 ]/ As =55 45,000 120,000,000 60,000 40,000,000 |) A, | _ | 25,000 ~60 —60,000 60 ~— 60,000 Jai f=) 0 {60,000 40,000,000 60,000 80,000,000 || 4’ 0 which reduces to 67.5 45,000 -60 60,000 Ay -55 0 — 90,000,000 — 20,000 0 A,| _ )61,666.7 a 0 0 2.222 - 6,666.7 || A, {~ )-35.185 @ 0 0 6,666.7 26,666,667 ||.47| | 48,888.9 ‘Add member D and 10 kN force 62.222 53,3333. |{A,| _ f-45.185 53,3333 106,666,667 || A, J ~ |48,888.9 which reduces to 62.222 53,333.3 }{A,| _ J-45.185' 3) 0 60,952,275 ||, { ~ 187,619.0, o) Use back substitution in Eq. (3) to solve for As and Aye = 0.001437 rad, = 1.95833 mm With Ag and A, use back substitution in Eq, (2)t0 solve: Ag = 0.000250 ra 40mm With Ay and Ay, use back substitution in Eq.(2)t0 solve: = -0.001562 rad 2.54167 mm Problem 11.12 Condition of Equations in Problem 11.1(a) [64]+B2]+[-16 AL. = max} [32]+|416]+{72) |= 520; ariton 14] wth Isl-[$ eltrl- fe Slal-[53 16|+{72)+[120) 5 1 64 32 16 } - —16 ‘, ={s)' rr] tel- [$3 fil [ HT : |= 20: smear [a= 32 416 72 { i 32 416 2 n 16 72 20 A= Bl =|120- 20] = 100, and from Equation 11.52 ee 5:2) Equations are well-conditioned. Condition of Equations in Problem 11.1(b) [25]+)|++ 2.5] fL= [l+a+fiis| |=335; [2.5] +|11.5]+|13.25| vanion Al (S]=[%S 5 }OrI-[ 723 }lal- [778] asabsrtrf elf 5) [128] [12]-928 seuertal= [:. mi | 3s 11s 955 |A - BI |13.25-9.25| =4, and from Equation 11.52 « >——=8.4 lA-a=I |= 4a from ~ Equations are well-conditioned. Condition of Equations in Problem 11.2 Al, = mar wba |=90; Partition [A] with (sl-[% At [r]= [3 » lel [0 | [40] +|30] +|- 20 101acoA tele [22 1] [se] [-ovsinenr toe] 01 30 JA- Bl =|- 20-330] =350, and from Equation 11.52 «> x Equations are well-conditioned. 1.26 Probl (a) Using Equations 11.41 and 11.52 iL ma toa) 85; rari A] wih (5]=[.2) r]= 2391 [a] =[04] 8, = F511 tel fh} 3. 9ff 04] 7.9667; singer [8]=[ 12) 7 Ser] |A~ Bl =|7.95 - 7.9667] = 0.0167, and from Equation 11.52 «> 0.0167 oles, =1907 Equations are poorly-conditioned (b) Using Equations 11.41 and 11.52 [Al =m psa 1099.9; Partition [A] with [S]= [1] [7]= [99.9] [R]= [0.8] 2B, = {STF [e]= {iF 09.9} (0.8]= 79.92; singutar [B]= [oso 7] 120.08, and from Equation 11.52 «> wee 2 1d appear well-conditioned (a) Using Equation 11.53 12-% O04 a Equation 11.54; det 339 7. a = (1.2-A)(7.95-A)-(0.4x23.9)=0 1.15and 2, = 0.0022 Roots of cha. equation: 2, = [p.15) From Equation 1.53; «2-1 = 4159 Equations are poorly-conditioned . 0.0023] Scr ee () Using Bquation 11.53 Equation 11.54; def 933 1055" = (1~A}(1000-A)-(0.8x99.9)=0 Roots of char. equation: 2, = 1000.1 and-2., = 0.92 q From Equation 11.53; K> I joo] I 1087 Equations appear poorly-conditioned. Problem LL14 Preconditioning (a) Equation 11.60: dy, =WV12=0.913 dy, =1/V7.95 =0.355 [aJ-fO93 (9 42 o47os3s 0 17 1 oss 0 0.355}[239 7.95] 0 0.355|"|7.7379 1 (b) Equation 11.60: dy =VVi=1 dy =1/Vi000 = 0.0316 tl-[! 0 1 0871 0 7_f 1 0.0253 =|0 0.0316}|99.9 1000/0 0.0316}=|3.1591 1 102;(a) Using Equations 11.41 and 11.52 lal. = rm see 8.7379; Partition [A] with [S]=[1} [7]= [7.7379] [R]= [0.1295] B= {STF [al= {iF .7379}f [0.1295] = 1.0021; singudar lel-[, eer all 8.7379 — Bi =| 1.0021] = 0.0021, and from E. mILS2K> |4—BI=|! I and from Equation 11.522 70 Equations are poorly-conditioned (b) Using Equations 11.41 and 11.52 i {I] + 0.0253) A. =a Soke By, = {sl Ir F [e}= {iF B.1591}F [0.0253] = 0.0799; singular [B]= le ibs ee =4161 )- 4.1591; Partition [A] with [S]= [1] f7']= [3.1591] [R]= [0.0253] A — B| = ||| — 0.0799] = 0.92, and from mation 11 5202s [4-af=}-oo7 4 aul [Equations again appear well-conditioned, (a) Using Equation 11.53 Equation 11.54; del 1 73hy 985) (=A)? -(0.1295x7.7379)=0 Roots of char. equation: 2 = 2.001 and A, =-0.0010 [2.001] [0.0010] (b) Using Equation 11.53 Equation 11.54; det] 41 TSR ral (1-2) -(0.0253x3.1591)=0 Roots of char. equation: 2, = 1.2827 and 2, = 0.7173 From Equation 11.53; 2 jis 0.7173) ~ From Equation 11.53; «2 =2001 Equations are poorly-conditioned. Equations now appear well-conditioned Problem 11.15 By Gauss Elimination Using up to 6 decimal places. After forward elimination: 1.00 0.50 033 {a 6 0 0.08 0.085 fx,b=) 1 0 0 0.000787){x,} [-1.0425) Back substitution: = 0.000787 /— 1.0425 = -1,323.8 ~0.085 x (— 1,323.8))/0.08 = 1,419.0 = (6-0.50x 1,419 +0.33x (— 1,323.8))/1.00 = -266.7 Using 3 decimal places. After forward elimination 1.00 0.50 0.33 ][x 6 0 0.08 0.085})x,}={ 1 0 0 o.ot]fx,| [-1.043 103Back substitution 2x5 = 0.001 /~ 1,043 = -1,043 x, = (1 0.085% (—1,043))/ 0.08 = 1,120.7 x, = (60.50% 1,120.7 +.0.33> (~ 1,043))/1.00. 898.5 A significant change in the solution is obvious. System is most likly il-conditioned. Also, note that the determinant of the reduced system of equations is very small 1.0x((0.08x0.000787)-(Ox0.085))=6x10". Using Equations 11.41 and 11.52, B(3.3) = 0.1992 and x = 1.8340.20-0,1992)=2,287, which also indicates poor conditioning. Problem 11.16 By Gauss Elimination: ‘Using fractional notation. After forward elimination: a 1 i lal yes o> pheray! 12 a | [a oo — 180. Back substitution: x, =-1/(I/180)= xy = (I-(I/12)x(-180))/(1/12)= 192 x, = (6= (1/2) 192 —(1/3)x (- 180))/1.00 = -30 Solution is very different from that of Problem 11.15 where the coefficient terms were rounded to two decimal places. ‘The minimum and maximum eigenvalues for the given system of equations are 0.00269 and 1.4083, respectfully. Using Equation 11.53, x = 1.4083/0.00269 = $24. From Equation 11.56 with s = 4 and number of digits needed for four-digit accuracy is p= 4 + logieS24 =7. Problem 11.17 Using Equations 11.41 and 1152 Ue hal + tal Fell] |Al_ = mas }: ky +2k,; Partition [A] with [S]=[k, +k, JIT : singular [B]= {stir} tel= fe, +E Ee] tk, kik, (ky +h Mk, + 2k,) — B=, — and from _—— et [4-8] h Se cig! from Equation 1.521 oa ped p=5 fy he kK loge —S=p-logiox 8 (€x.11.7) s=p-logik s (ex. 11.7) V3 Vax101.22x10° 6.1 4 9 0 4 3 ve 586 (O77 8 9 4 4 V3 Yexto®—1.63xt0? 6.2 4 4 ° 0 Problem 11.18 10,001 —10,000 Stiffness equations 10,000 10,001 0 -l 104(1) Four digit representation: 1.000x10" -1.000x10" —-0--]{4,) [1.000] -1.000x10* 1.000x10* -1.000}A.}=4 0 0 =1.000 1.000 ||} [1.000 Gauss elimination with four digit representation and pivoting: 1.000x10* -1,000x10' 0 J[4,] [1.000] Ay) [-2.000) 0 = 1.000 ‘obo = 41.000) which yields } A. | =4—2.000 0 0 =1.000||,] [1.000] 4,| [+1000 (2) Eight digit representation: 1,0001000x10* —1,0000000%10* 0 4,] {1.000000 ~1.0000000x10* — 1,.0001000x10* — —1.0000000 |} A. | = 0 0 =1.0000000 1.000000 ||‘ [1.000000 Gauss elimination with eight digit representation: 1,0001000x10* + 1.0000000x 10* 0 A, 1.000000. 0 1,9999000 — 1.000000 | 4, } = 0.990001 0 0 0.49997500 ||; | | 1.4999750 A,) (2.000000! after back-substitution ‘A. =42.0001000 a,| [3.0001000, (3) The stiffness of elements ab and cd are completely lost in ky, and kx» in 4-digit arithmetic. 8-digit arithmetic aves the correct answer. System is poorly conditioned since small errors in ki, and kas greatly affect the solution. Problem. Estimating truncation eror: Characteristic equation is (10,001 —2)](10,001 - 21-2) —1]-10,0007(I-2)=0 with roots or eigenvalues of 2;=20,001 , 2s=I.707 , and Ay-0.293. Hence, x = 20,001/0.293-68,262 For p= 4 digits, s= 4-logiox = 0 correct places; and for p=8 digits, s = -logiax = 3 correct places Problem 11.20 ‘Alter preconditioning according to Eqs. 11.57 co 11.60 1 =10,000/10,001 0 B,) {y/fiooor ~10,000/10,001 I ~1/Jt0,001 A. } = 0 0 =1/ {10,001 I a, 7 (2) Using four digit representation: 1,000 -1.000 0 | (0.0100 -1.000 1.000 -0.0100}}4, $=) 0 3,| | 1.000 ii 0 ~~ -0.0100 1.000 Gauss elimination with four digit representation and pivoting: 1.000 —1.000 0 [4s] (0.0100) 0 -0.0100 1,000 A. 1,000 0 0 0 5, | (0.0100 A.) (-200.0 ‘A,) [-200.0/ 0.001) /_> 099 after back-substitution: 4A. }=4—200.0} and 4A, + ==4~200.0/,/10,001 $ =. 2.000 a,| [-1.000. A = 1.000 ~ 1.000 105(2) Bight digit representation: 10000000 —0.99990001 0 &,| _ (0,00999950) 0.999901 1,0000000 —0.00999950 |! 3, 0 ae ~0.00999950 1.000000 |} x',| | 1.000000 Gauss elimination with four digit representation [1.000000 —0.99990001 0 A.) {0.00999950 0 0.00019997 -0,00999950|/ 4, } = .0,00999850 |e eo 0 0.49997499 14999750 4.) [200.01000' A &,/-¥10.991] (> o9a0000 after back-substitution: 4 A. | = } 200,02000. &, /-{10,001 | = } 2.000100! 3,| {3.000101 4,/l 3.000101 (3) The stiffness of elements ab and cd are completely lost in ky and kin 4-digi arithmetic. 8-digit arithmetic ives the correct answer. System is poorly conditioned since small erors i ky, and kz greatly affect the solution Estimating truncation error: Canteens alo WF anal wet) | 10,001 10,001 with roots or eigenvalues of &:=1.99995, 2a=1.0, and Ay=0.00005. Hene = 1,99995/0,00005=40,000 Jogiok = 3 correct place. For p=4 digits, s= 4-logiox = Ocorrect places; and for p=8 digits, Problem 11.21 10001 -1 0 fas) fi SiTiness equations: =1 10001-10000} a, }=40 0 — -10,000 10000 |la,| | Repeating 11.18 (1). Four digit representation: 1.000x10' = 1.000 0 1,000 =1.000 — 1.000x10* —1.000x10* 0 0 =1.000x10* — 1,000x10" 1.000 Gauss eli nt i ig pec yong 1,000x10* 1.000 0 A, 0 1,000x10* =1,000x10* |) A, 0 0 0 af (2) Bight digit representation: 7 a hich yields no unique solution, 1,0001000x10* —_ ~1.0000000 0000000 1.0001000%10", 1,0000000310* el an 0 ~1.0000000x10* — 1.0000000x10* Gauss elimination with eight digit representation: 1,0001000x10* — —1.0000000 4.) [1,0000000 0 1,0001000x10* ~1,0000000%10" A, - {ator 0 0 0,99990000 || 4; {sea ,] {0,00019999) after back-substitution: 4, $=} 1.000100 ,| | 1-0002000 (3) The stiffness of element be is completely lost in ki, and kay in 4-digit arithmetic, 8-digit arithmetic gives very close to the correct answer of A4y=0.0002, A.=1.0002, and Ay=1,0003. System is poorly conditioned since small errors in ky, and kz» greatly affect the solution, loProblem 11.21 (cont. Repeating 11-19 Estimating runeaion ero: uation is (10,001 -2)](10,001 -2.X10,000 - 2) (-10,000)"] -(10,000-2) = 0 With roots or eigenvalues of =20,000;5 10,001, and y=0.5. Hence, x= 20,000.505=40,001 Forp=4 digs, = 4-logios = O correct places; and for p= 3 cores ples Character Repeating 11.20 After preconditioning according to Eqs. 11.57 0 11,60 1 ra (1) Using four digit representation: 1.000 -0.0001 0 (0.0100) 0.0001 1,000 1,000), }=4 0 Z| |o0100 Ipipl 0 =1.000 1.000 Gauss elimination with four digit representation and pivoting: (° -0.0001 0 | [rae 0 1.000 -1.000|} A, }={ 0} which yields no unique solution. 0 0 0.000 |]4; | [o.0100 (2) Bight digit representation: 10000000 ~0.00009999 0 Ay) {0.00999950) —0.00009999 — 10000000 —0.99995000 }; A, oO 0 —0.99995000 1.000000 |} x° | _[0.01000000 Gauss elimination with four digit representation: 1,0000000 -0.00009999 0 A,| _ (0.00999950) 0 0.99999999 —0,9999S000 | A, } = }0.00000100 cv) 0 0,00009999 By 0.01000100, after back-substitution: 4A, 100.01500 4. &, / Yi0,001 } =} 1.001000 A. 100.02000 Ay 3, / 10,000 1,0002000 Ay (3) The stiffness of element be is still completely lost in ky, and ko» in 4-digit arithmetic, 8-digit arithmetic gives the correct answer, System is poorly conditioned since small errors in ky, and kp greatly affect the solution, A, {ee S {| 3,/ {10001 (ear Estimating truncation error: heer eesti ajo -ay -( ai -( wa : with roots oF eigenvalues of 2y=1.99995, 2=1.0, and Ay=0.00005. Hence, «= 1.99995/0.00005=40,000 For p=4 digits, s = 4logiox = 0 correct places; and for p=8 digits, s= S-logyck’= 3 correct places, 107Chapter 12 Problem 12.1 Euler Incr, 1 2 3 Mic-point R-K Incr, 1 (Pred) (Com) 2 (Pred) (Corr) 3 (Pred) (Com) Exact Solution: Problem 12.2 Euler Incr, 1 2 a Mid-point RK Incr, 1 (Pred,) (Core) 2 Pred) (Cor) 3 (red) (Cort) Exaet Solution: Pas 0.00 41.00 200 Pas 0.00 050 4.00 1.50 200 250 P=Sand= 117 | sco 280 us 0.00 1200 39.00 uy 0.00 0.00 18.75 1875 55.50 55.50 k 0.08 0.037 02 0.038, 0.053 0.037 027 021 oars oP, 1.00 1.00 1.00 , aso 1.00 050 1.00 050 1.00 siting me a 200. oo en oa diy, ssa ‘oe 2a 250 73, 50 3001625 Euler | ‘Mie-point RK $0 000 m0 «009 Displacement k oP, 1.000 1.00 0.388 1.00 0.138 1.00 k a, 1.000 050 607 41.00 0.368 00 023 1.00, 0.135, 050 082 1.00 Ever Exact 1.00 2 7.39 a, 050 1.65 44 3.69 12.18 P 4 100160 20 ae e 4 as oto 100 tes 1s 30 zo ais 250g 8 t Mic-pointF-K Applied Force, > 8 5 oaProblem 12.3 Euler Incr, P, aus k ca as B a 1 0.00 0.00 0.687 1.00 41.50 4.00 150 2 4.00 1.50 0283 1.00 353 2.00 5.03 3 200 5.03 0.088 1.00 4510 Mic-point RK Incr, P. us k ca on Py 4 1 Pred) 0.00 0.00 0.667 050 075 050 075 (ore) 050 0.09 051s 4.00 134 1.00 194 2 (Prod) 1.00 194 0.283 050 176 1.50 an (Cor) 150 194 0.139 1.00 719 2.00 a4 3 (Pred) 200 a4 0.088 050 755 250 16.69 (Cort) 250 94 031 1.00 stot Exact Solution: se pot bay | 3 Broo aaa ow b a om ~~«mSCm@ mm | Dimlcament = 120in,, M = 960 k-ins. my a a a, 49, Ms 8 + © 0.000400 1.000600 320 akon) aa ROE OE 2 220 © 3200604 7900.05 920 4.ITHE-OK GAD. 7.87908 3 640 7578608 © 2473E005 3201. 2ME-US 960 -20S2E.O Miapoint RK the, Mas a, D au, 29, M a 1 red) 0 0.000400 1.000106 $6000.04 © 160 .600E-O8 (cor) 160 0.000600 9250605 «2D SMSTEDS gD (ABTE-OL 2 (Pros) 320 © GASTE-O17.08E105—«16D=«21G0EO4 480 ——5.64EE-04 (cor) 480 3aS7E-04 4atdEWS © 320 MEOH BM. .OI0E-D 3 (Pred) 61 L010E-092ATGEWS §©— 160 4TOE-OF _600___—1.657E-03 (cor:) 800 1.0106-097.902E.04 320 4.0406-08 Exact Solution: M = 960 and @ = 1.224x10" Oo0ve00 2500603 SomEGD 7500663 1000602 1250602 | ‘Connection Rotation & | A= @xL.For P=8 kips, Euler: A = 2.052«10° x 120=0.246in; R-K: A =0.607in; Exact: A 109 Tin,Problem 12.5 Problem 12.6 oss} Euler Method (Simple Step) o3| us| 5 aa oorseas 7 a= 00078105 -O 5. Work Contra, .=0.4 oss} Midpoint R-K Method (Predictor-Corrector) 03 02 oaProblem 12.7 P(KN) Euler Method (Simple Step) = Lint State at Euler: 18.98 KN 99.6 mm Work Control 18.78 KN 70.1 mm | =i aos 4 ano0s5 1. a= oo0re125 = a= 000280005 9, Work Control. a Tonia, bay kad fam ana oedema oo vs (mm) 20 Midpoint RK Method ‘ ; (Predictor-Corrector) Limit State at POND. ‘Midpoint RK: _ P= 18.90 kN 0.2 mm 7 Work Control: 18.78 kN * 70.1 mm. =0.0825 = 0.03125 a= 0.018625 0078125 ‘Work Cont 30 100 150 200 250 900 350 400 480 600 650 600 650 MW v; (mm)Problem 12.8 Load Factor os os} o4 02} Problem 12.9 Load Factor 08] os| 04 02 i Limit State a: | LP = 116 uy= 2.12 in, Euler Method (Simple Step) ST anos Limit State at LF = 116 Ws=2.13 in Midpoint RK Method (Predictor-Corrector) aeProblem 12.10 First iteration’ Second iteration: ‘Third iteration Problem 12.11 First iteration: Second iteration: ‘Third iteration: Fourth iteration: Problem 12.12 (a) 0.0000 (= (06 + 4%0.1-05 + %x-108) =0.9250 (x) = 0.6 + 5011-05 + % x-0.08)= 14053 _(1.4033-110~1) 5 50 (09250-14083 B=01568 OE) = O06 + £01.05 + 5 x-008 BGI =-00750 a1 5) with &(1)-1 and (z,)-1 both negat H= 01568 (4) = Fg. 12.35 )9903 0.0097 let = 9903 and t= 1.0000 (,) = 1.4033 (1403319015681) Bq. 1235 tal =0.1766 : “(0.9903 = 1.4033) 1=01766 oz) =09988 Oa) 0.0750 (r,)-1 = 0.4033, O(4,)-1 = -0.0012 with O(¢)-1 and ©(4,)-1 both negative, let = = 0.1766 (7) =0.9988 and .0000 (,) = 1.4033 (1.403 1235 a1 {1.4033 =190.1765-1) Ea " (9018-14033) HOI (x) =0.9999 = 0.0000 (O.378+ 4% 0.1, 0.75644% 0.2) = 0.9750 t= 1.0000 @(O37B+ 1% 0.1, 0.756+,% 0.2) = 1.8223 0—1) Eg, 12.35 =1- 6.822310). o95 a 8223) 1=00295 (x)= 010.3784 4X01, 0.75645 %02)= 09087 b(n). O(t,)-1 = 0.8223 O(4)-1 = 0.0053 with ®(4)-1 and ©(¢)-1 both negative, let % = 5, y= 0.0295 (7)=0.9947 and t= 1.0000 (x, (1.8223 — 10.0295 ~1) 8223 Bq, 1235 si =00358 ‘i (0.9997 =1.8223 1.200358 6x) =09989 ()-1 = -0.0053 @(4,)-1 = 0.8223 O(4)-1 = 0.0011 with ©) and (1 both negative let = = 0.0358 (7) 9989 and 7, = 1.0000 @(t,) = 1.8223 (1.s223~1N00358-1) Eq, 12.35 ae eee 200371 @'(r) =0.9998 ©(5)-1=-0.0011 (4)-1 = 0.8223 @(x)-1 = -0.0002 with ©(r)-1 and (r,)-1 both negative, let = % = 0.0371 @(r)=0.9998 and 1.0000 (z,) = 1.8223 aan (822311003711) 4 gang : (0.9998~ 1.8223) + =00374 1.0000 037 Free 4 £@) dost labels: Ay 4 8.0000E+05 6.8966E+03 4,0000E+05 0.0000 +00 6.8966E+03 1.5854E+02 0.0000E+00 -6,8966E+03 4.0000E+05 0.0000E+001.6000E+08 4.0000E +05, 0.0000E+00 -6.8966E+03 4.0000E+05 8.0000E +05, 113Bg. 1S: (i= Eg. 12.46: (y= With P= 500 k (Kyl = Eg, 1244a: m= (1) Polynomial Expansion 8.9443E+02 7.7108E+00 4.47216+02 0,0000E+00 1.1180E-03 -8,6603E-04 “T.07116-04 -9.1290E-04 1.1600E+04 -5.0000E+01 2,9000E+03 0.0000 +00 1.4500E-02 -5.6159E-03 “1,0317E-02 -4.4399E-03 0,0000& +00 9.9542E+00 641402 .9283E 102 0.0000 +00 1,0046E-01 3.0760E-02 1.1919E-01 -5.0000E+01 -6,8966E+00 0.0000E +00 5.0000E+01 -5.6159E-03, 6.9601E-02 2.5751E-02 7.2222E-02 0.0000€+00 0.0000E+00 1.1314E+03 1.41426+02 0.0000 +00 0.0000E+00 8.8388E-04 -2.2822E-04 2.9000E +03 0.0000& +00 -2:3200E+04 2.9000 +03 “1,0317E-02 2.5751E-02 3.1900E-02 1.6849E-02 0.0000€+00 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 S.ATT2E+O2 0,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 1.8258E-03 0.0000 +00 5,0000E+01 2.9000 +03 -1.1600E+04 -4.4399E-03 7.2222E-02 1,6849E-02 1.1601E-01 IH ol = a + (-2,3201E-01)a! + (1.0828E-02)ur + (-1.5244E-04)on + (6.2166E-07) = 0 with roots of: 3517-0; ain = ae = Js (500) = 2857.3 Buckled shape: -7.0581E-02 sible £1 iad Wee. a ORE Solving 1H ~ oxT}{Y}=(O}with = 1.7499E-01 and Yo 1,yielis'¥) = TESINE Dt 1,0000E+00 -1,8258E-03, “SOT0TE-03 aiuyty) = 2.0263E-01 sto eta] 1:00006+00 from Ba, 1245 {AJ=IL"V"1Y) = SOOBE G) which scales to c{a}=| \Oance ao 1.8258E-03 9.0101E-08 @) Power method with G=0.1% Iteration ° 1 2 3 yy 1,0000E+00 -2.2096€-02 -5.4882E-02 -5.5513E-02 Ye 4,0000E+00 6.0997E-01 5.9129E-01 5.8836E-01 Ys 1,0000E+00 2.4149E-01 2.0808E-01 2.0302E-01 Ys 1.0000E+00 7.5489E-01 7.7722E-01 7.8073E-01 © : 1.7440E-01 1,7498E-01 1.7499E-01 £(%) 2.= Vo=5.715 and from Eq. 12.45 {A}=IL"I"(Y} = 1.4279E-03 1.5836E-01 1.2722E-08 1.4254E-03, NE which scales to c(A}= “S0T6SEOS 41,0000E+00 8.0333E-06 9.0011E-03(b) Free dot. labels: Ay Bq, HAS: Eq, 12.46: With Prer= 500 k: Eq, 12.44a: Hs Buckled shape: [Keg] = IL= 1.854402 0.0000+00 1.25916401 0.0000E+00 7.9420E-02 0.0000 +00 -6.8966E+00 0.0000E+00 4:3500E-02 0.0000€+00 0.0000 +00 1.6000E+06 0.0000 +00 1.2649E+03 (0,0000€+00 7.9087E-04 0.0000€+00 -2.3200E+04 0.0000€+00 1.4500E-02 FS eyielsyy) x 1:2000+00 Solving [H- @y1}{Y}=(0 with @ = 4.3500E-02 and Y= 1. ¥ieS1Y) = 5 Go99E400 4s ayetuenyriyy = 724202 rich seats to et aye] PO000E*00 from Eq. 12.45 (Al=IL1ITLY) = 4 ggg e499. *tiCh sles 0.1415 6 go 99.00 @) Power method with [0.1% Iteration ° 1 2 3 4 Ys 1,0000E+00 9.4868E-01 9.9988E-01 9.9931E-01 9.9992E-01 Ye 1,0000E+00 3.1622E-01 1.1043E-01 3.7010E-021.2344E-02 © : 4.0600E-02 4,3147E-02 4.3461E-02 4.3496E-02 €(%) : : 5.902 0.722 0.081 A= Mla= 22.991 and Px, = 01500) = 11495.3 kips: &.= 1.3% with exact P= 113444 ki . = 79414602 .0000E+00 from Ba, 1245 [Al=IL-IIT(Y} = 7980 OF which sealesto ctAl=| 1D Roe oa © Free As dos. 1.5840E+02 0,0000E+00 -7.9270E+01 Mable [K.s]= 0.0000E+00 1.6000E+06 6.8966E+03 & Ay -T.9270E+01 6.8966E+03 7.9270E+01 1.2586E+01 0.0000E+00 _0.0000E+00 Eg. 11.15; (L1= — 0.0000E+00 —1.2649E+03 _0.0000E +00 -6.2984E+00 5.4522E+00 3.1422+00 HE# | 7,9455E-02 0.0000E+00 0.0000€+00 Bq. 12.46: (LI'= 0,0000E+00 7.9057E-04 —0.0000E+00 1.5926E-01 -1.9718E-033.1825E-01 -6.8966E+00 0.0000E+00 3.4483E+00 With Py= 500 k [Key]= 0,0000+00 -5.0000E+01 3.4483E+00 -3.4483E+00 4.3539E-02 0.0000E+00_7.6902E-05 Eq, 12.44: [H] = 0.0000E+00 1.4500E-02 -1.2580E-02 7.6902E-05 -1.2580E-02 1.7462E-01 (1) Polynomial Expansion IH oll = a! + (-2.3266E-01}o? + (1.0808E-02)a + ( -1.0335E-04) = 0 with roots of: ay = 1.7561E-01; a = 4.3539E-02; a, = 1.3518E-02 Jani = Wethgas = 5.695 and Py = (500) = 2847.3 kips; &,= 0.4% with exact P, 2836.1 kis Buckled shape: 5.8229E-04 Solving [H — @I}{Y}={0)with @ = 1.7561E-01 and Ys =1, yields(Y¥) = -7.8084E-02 1.0000E+00 1.5931E-01 ‘5.0059E-01 from Eq, 12.45 (A}=[L"J¥) = -1.4335E-03 which scales to e{4]4| -4.5043E-03, 3.1825E-01 1,0000E+00 2) Power method with {=0.1% Iteration 0 1 2 3 4 Ys 1.0000E+00 2.5978E-01 6.7246E-02 1.7145E-02 _4.6879E-03 Yo 1.0000E+00 1.1437E-02 -7.0768E-02 -7.7301E-02 -7.7604E-02 ‘Ys 1,0000E+00 9.6560E-01 — 9.9522E-01 9.9686E-01 9.9696E-01 © : 1.6552E-01 1,7501E-01 1.7557E-01 1.7560E-01 £(%) : 2 5.425 ote 0.019 ‘= Meo= §.695 and fi, = 1500) = 2847.5 Kips: &= 0.7% with exact P= 2836.1 Kip 1.5915E-01 BOISE from Eq. 12.45 (A)=[L"'{Y} = -1.4291E-03 which scales to ¢(A)=| -4.5042E-03 3.1728E-01 1.0000 +00 @ Free 4s fy dof. 1.5854E+02 0.0000E+00 = -6.8966E+03. Intel [Keyl= 0.0000E+00 1.6000E+06 4.0000E+05 AL -6.8966E+03 4.0000E+05 —8.0000E+05 1.2591E+01 0.0000E+00 _0.0000E+00 Bq. 115 TLI= 0,0000E+00 1.2649E+03 —0.0000E+00 -SAT72E+02 3.1623E+02 6.3245E+02 1 7,9420E-02 -1.0135E-19 0.0000€+00 Eq, 12.46; IL!"= 0,0000E+00 7.9057E-04 —0.0000E+00 6.8780E-02 -3.9529E-04 1.5811E-03 -6.8966E+00 0.0000E+00 —_5.0000E+01 0.0000E+00 -2.9200E+04 —2.9000E+03 5.0000E+01 2,9000E+03 -1.1600E+04 Mo With P,4.3500E-02 -1.8589E-18 3.1394E-02 Bq. 12.44a: [M]= 1.858918 1.4500E-02 —-1.0875E-02 3.1394E-02 -1.0875E-02 —5.8001E-02 (1) Polynomial Expansion IH oll = o + (-1,1600E-01)u" + (2.8910E-03)o + (-1.7149E-05) = 0 with roots of: « = 8.4024E-02; «= 2.3169E-02; a = 8,8091E-03 Buckled shape: 7.7672E-01 Solving {H — o,1}{Y}={0) with « = 8.4024E-02 and Y,=1, yields|Y} = -1.5642E-01 1.0000£+00 1.9031E-01 TO000EsO0 from Bq. 12.45 (A)=[L"]"{¥} = -6.1895E-04 which scales to c{A|>| -3.9825E-03 1.5811E-03, 1.21346-02 (2) Power method with £=0.1% Iteration ° 1 2 3 4 v4 1.00006+00 6.8982E-016.S771E-01 6.1670E-01 6.1032E-01 Ye 1.0000E+00 3.3388E-02 -8.9294E-02 -1.1456E-01 -1.2058E-01 Yo 1.0000E+00 7.2321E-01 7.6508E-01 7.7882E-01 7.8292E-01 o - a1851E-02 8.3877E-02 8.4013E-02 _8.4029E-02 £(%) : : 2416 0.61 0.012 X= I= 11.902 and P,, = 4(500) = 5950.8 kips; €,= 0.1% with exact P, 156.9 kip 1.0282E-01 1000000 from Eq, 12.45 {A}=[L"]"(Y] = -4.0481E-04 which scales to e(4}=) ~8.9562E-03 1.2379E-03, 1.2098E-02 © Free Ae dof. labels: 8.0000E+05 6.8965E+03 4.0000E+05 _0.0000E+00 x Ar [K,y]= 68966E+03 1.5854E+02 0,0000E+00 -7.9270E+01 4.0000E+05 0.0000E+00 1.6000E+06 6.8966E+03 0.0000E+00 -7.9270E+01 6.8966E+03 7.9270E+01 a 8.9443E+02 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 _0.0000E+00 Ea. HAs: [LJ= 7.7106E+00 9,9542E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 4ATZIE+02 -3.4841E+02 1.1314E+03 _0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 -7.9634E+00 3.6574E+00 1.5738E+00 1.1180E-03 0,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 0.0000£ +00, a, 1246: [Ly'= -8:8503E-04 1.0046E-01 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 “7.0711E-04 3.0760E-02 8.8388E-04 _0.0000E+00 -2.7988E-03 4.3685E-01 -2.0541E-03 6.3541E-01, “1.1600E+04 -5,0000E+01 2.8000E+03 0.0000 +00 With Pare S00 [K,y)= “$-0000E+01 -6.8966E+00 0.0000E +00 3.4483E+00 n= 5 ea = 2.9000E+03 0,0000E+00 -2.200E+04 -5,0000E +01 0.0000E+00 3.4483E+00 -5.0000E+01 -3.4483E+00 1.4500E-02 5.6159E-03 -1.0317E-02 -4.4402E-03 fa 1a imy= “3159-03 6.9601E-02 2.575102 7.22276-02 “1.0317E-02 2.8751E-02 3.1900E-02 _1,6850E-02 -4.4402E-03 7.2227E-02 1.6850E-02 6.9612E-01 We(1) Polynomial Expansion IH - ol = os + (-8.1212E-01)oo' + (7.8122E-02)a + (-1.8295E-03)e0 + ( 1.0570E-05) = 0 with roots of: @, = 7.0495E-01 = 7.5831E-02: w= 2.2579E-02: ay 7570E-03 Jin = Udy, = 1.419 and Pg = (500) = 709.3 kips = 0.04% with exact Pa, = 709.0 ki Buckled shape: .8073E-03 1.1495E-01 solving [H ~ w\1]{Y)=(0} with «, = 7.0495E-01 and Y4= 1, yields(¥) = Solving 1H ~ oy1](¥)=(0} ith oy = 7.0495E-01 and Ys= 1, yieds(Y} = J 4495E-04 1.0000€-+00 -2.8680E-03 [ -45137E-03 | Ajtyyy = 44930E-01 tay 7O7I1E-01 from Ea, 1245 (A}=IL'NY}= SOE yy which sales toe(A)-] AOE On 6.3541E-01 1,0000E+00 2) Power method with [=0.1% Iteration ° 1 2 3 Ys 1,0000E+00 -7.9415E-03 -9.1935E-03 -7.9264E.03, Yo 1.0000E+00 2.0246E-01 1.2363E-01 1.1515E-01 Ys 1,0000E+00 8.0282E-02 3.4644E-02 2.992202 Ye 1.0000E+00 9.7597E-01 9.9168E-01 9.9287E-01 © : 6.9824E-01 7.0488E-01 7.0495E-01 £%) : - 0.942 0.011 A= Mw=1.419 and = S00) = 708.5 Kips: € = 0.08% with exact P, = 709.0 Kip -2.8491E-03 [ -4ST60E-05 (Lyte) = 4-4822E-01 sto clAje| 7.9730E-01 from Ba. 24S {A}IL IY) = Forage gg which sales to c(a}=| Ome. 6.9088E-01 1.0000 +00 Problem 12.13 Note that the calculations of [Fa] and (Yo) are based on the power method results of Problem 12.12. i) 1.3061E-02 9.9595E-05 -8.3448E-03 3.1442E-03 a, [254 [Hyj= 9.9535E-05 9.0264E-03 4.8487E-03 -8.15936-03 i -8.3448E-03 4.848703 2.4688E-02 -1.0886E-02 9.1442E-03 -8.1599E-03 -1.0888E-02 9.3429E-03, Power method with £=0.1% eration 0 4 2 3 4 5 6 Yr 1,0000+00 S.A78GE-01 4.7088E-02 -2.1486E.01 -2.05206-01 -3.96046-01 -3.4600E-01 Ye 100006400 S.5960E-01 4.182801 34859E-01 a0ze2E01 28240601 27435601 Ys 1.000000 G.S7IGEO1 74689E-01 7.7151E-01 7.7705E-01 7.7991E-01 7.8034E-01 Ye 100006400 -4.0565E-01 -5.1484E-01 -4.8692E-01 -45081E-01 ~4.4721E-01 -4.4212E-01 © 19964602 3.209702 35619E-02 3.6164E-02 6240602 3 6250E-02 ec) : 37.685 10.056 1.507 0.208 ‘0.028 A= Wo= 27.586 and P= 500) = 1379.1 ky -7.7380E-04 CSBSTE-01 eth 'yyyy = 71-1078E-03 1,0000E+00 from Eq. 12.45 (AI=(L"FIY) = Popes og. which scales to c{a}=| 1 OD9e+00 -B.0721E-04 7.2864E-01 ) oat 4.3500E-02 0,0000€+00 ba 0.0000E+00 1.4500E-02 118Power method with C=0.19% Iteration o 1 2 7 1.0000E+00 -3.7650E-02 -3.6995E.02 Ye 1.0000E+00 9.9929E-01 9.9932E-01 o - 1.4513E-02 1.4513E-02 €(%) : 0.000 A= Ma = 68.903 and fi, =NS00) = 944513 ki yyy) = -2-9881E03 rich se ¥-0000E+00 from Eq 12.45 {A}=(LT(Y) = Popmar og which scales wo e(a}=| COGOE*OO i) 4.9535E-02 6.4050E-05 -7.4381E-04 eg, 12.54: IHk]= 6.4050E-05 1.3437E-02 1.0414E-03, -7.4381E-04 1.0414E-03 8.6785E-05 Power method with [=0.19% Iteration 0 1 2 3 4 Ys 1,0000E+00 9.4693E-01 9,9435E.01 9.9931E-019,9980E-01 Ye 1,0000E+00 3.2133E-01 1.0578E-01 3.4058E-02 1.1636E-02 Ys 1,0000E+00 8.4928E-03 -8.8966E-03 -1.4544E-02 -1.6291E-02 o - 4.0457E-02 4.3220E-02 4.9516E-02 _4.3545E-02 €(%) - - 6.392 0.681 0.066 A= Veo= 22,965 and Py = M500) = 11482.4 kip 7.6845E-02 T-0000E+00 from Eq, 12.45 (A)=IL"IY} = 9.1546E-05 which scales to c(A}=|_4.1052E-04 -5.1845E-03 -6.7468E-02 @ 1.2203E-02 6.1835E-03 -8.7548E-03 Eq, 12.54: [H]= 6.1835E-03 1.3278E-02 -2.9428E-03, “8.7548E-03 -2.9428E-03 6.4974E-03 Power method with £=0.1% Iteration ° 1 2 3 4 5 Yi 1.0000E+00 4.8604E-016.1711E-01 6.6106E-016.7635E-01 6.8193E-01 Ys 1.0000E+00 8.3361E-01 6.8459E-01 6.1255E-01 5.8334E-01 5.7201E-01 Ys 1.0000E+00 -2.6242E-01 -3.8795E-01 -4.3334E-01 -4.4975E-01 -4.5583E-01 © : 21088E-02 2.2828E-02 23121602 2.3164E-02 2.171602 e%) - : 7.619 1287 0.187 0.027 A= Meo= 43.158 and P= 500) = 21579.1 kip 2.2806E-02 T.0000E¥00 from Bq. 12.45 (A}=L"J"(¥] = 6.3240E-04 which scales to c{A}=| 2.7729E-02 20746-04 -3.1603E-02 ) 1.4456E-02 -4.9724E-03 -1.0150E-02_1.1076E-03, Bq, 1254: inj= “49724603 6.0259E-02 2.9302E-02 -£.3727E-03 SY -A,0150E-02 2.3322E-02 3.1269E-02 -4.0934E-03 1.1076E-03 -8.3727E-03 -4.0934E-031.1896E-03, Power method with £=0.1% Iteration 0 1 2 3 Ys 1,0000E+00 5.4045E-03 -1.2484E-01 -1.4628E-01 Ye 1,0000E+00 8.6032E-01 8,5923E-01 8,5265E-01 Ys 1,0000E+00 4.9426E-01 4.8012E-01 4.8585E-01 Ye 4,0000E+00 -1.2457E-01 -1,2503E-01 -1.2461E-01 o : 7.4286E-02 7.5785E-02 7.5836E-02 £(%) 1.979 0.066 A= Vo= 18.186 and 714500) = 659% U9-9.0423E-04 T1420E-02 4.6165E-02 -5.8304E-01 6.a5aie-o4 “hichsealestoclAl=) 5 esese-o3 -7.9180E-02 1.0000E+00 from Eq, 12.45 {A}=1L"I"(¥) = P Note thatthe dot product ofthe two vectors does not exactly equal zero, This is due primarily to small errors in © and |, propagating into the calculation of [Ha] and in turn into {2} (a) Using the results of Problems 12.12a(2) and 12.13a, {Y))(Ya} = -0.00608 () Using the results of Problems 12.12(2) and 12.13b, (Y\}"{Ya} =-0.02466 (©) Using the results of Problems 12.12c(2) and 12.13c, [Y;]*(Ya] = -0.01246 (@) Using the results of Problems 12.124@) and 12.134, (Ys}"[Ya} = -0.00968 (6) Using the results of Problems 12,12e(2) and 12.13e, [¥)]}"(Ya} =-0.00864 Problem 1 (a) For @= 1.05/max(5.715, 27.586)=3.6063E-02; -2.9563E-02 -5.6159E-09 -1.0317E-02 -4.4399E-03 [Heot)= “SS159E-03 3.1539E-02 2.5751E-02 7.2222E-02 -1.0317E-02 2.5751E-02 -6.1622E-031.6849E-02 -4.4309E-03 7.2202E-02 1,6849E-02 _7.7943E-02 .3563E-02 0 0 ° 0 3.2877E-02 0 0 nat. D)= " Pl 0 0 -2.5850E-02 0 0 0 0 -9.3731€-03 ‘Three negative elements in [D], indicating 3 eigenvalues less than (o = 9,8063E-02. (b) For w= 1.05/max(22.991, 68,903)= 1.5239E-02: [Hot] = 2.8262E-02 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 -7.3891E-04 = 2.8262E-02 0 Eq. 1117: (D)= 0 isieod One negative element in (indicating | eigenvalue less than «= 1.5239E-02. (©) For @= |.0S/max(5.695, 22.969)= 4.5713E-02: -2.1738E-03 0.0000E+00 _7.6902E-05 {H-al]= 0,0000E+00 -3.1213E-02 -1.2580E-02 7.6902E-05 -1.2580-02 1.2891E-01 -2.1743E-03 ° ° Eq, 11.17 IDI= 0 -8.1214E-02 0 0 0 1,9998E-01 ‘Two negative elements in (D], indicating 2 eigenvalues less than @= 4.5713E-02. (@) For «= 1,0S/max(11.902, 43.158)= 2.4329E-02: 1.9171E-02 -1.8589E-18 3.1994E-02 (H-ol] = -1,8689E-18 -9.8291E-03 -1.0875€-02 9.1394E-02 -1.0875E-02 3.3672E-02 4.91716-02 0 o Eq tit: (D]= ° -9.8291E-03 0 0 0 -8.7054E-03 ‘Two negative elements in [D], indicating 2 eigenvalues less than @ = 2.4329E-02. (©) For w= 1.0S/max(1.419, 13.186)= 7.9627E-02: -65127E-02 -5.6159E-03 -1.0317E-02 -4.4402E-03 [Heot)= “S-S159E-03 -1.0026E-02 2.5751E-02 7.2227E-02 “1,0317E-02 2.5751E-02 -4.7727E-02 —_1.6850E-02 -4.4402E-03 7.2227E-02 1.6850E-02 6.1649E-01 120-6.5127E-02 ° ° 0 Bq. tt7: (I= 0 -8.5417E-03 0 0 0 o 2.8288E-02 0 ° ° 0 “S.AG01E-01 ‘Three negative elements in [D], indicating 3 eigenvalues less than «= 7.9627E-02. Problem 12.16 Sce results of Problem 12.12 for [Keg] and [K, Iteration 0 1 2 3 4 4 1.0000E+00 4.2562E-03 -2.6084E-03 -3.3779E-03 -3.4094E-03 Ae 4.0000E+00 1.0801E-01 3.7521E-01 3.7858E-01 3.7856E-01 ds 1.0000E+00 5.1430E-037.4886E-04 3.1933E-05 1.2982E.06. A 1.0000E+00 6.0297E-034.1061E-03 3.4408E-033.4120E-03 a - 1.2743E+02 8.2957E+00 5.7191E+00 _5.7146E100 e(%) : - 1436.039 45.052 0.079 “90063E0S : _| 1.0000€+00 which scales to c14)=| 5 49996 06 9,0132E-03 = 0.7% with exact P= 2836.1 kip] (b) Inverse iteration with C=0.1% Te opie {gee shee pices gadcor azoticor ardicor amie, seoreo semtca, T0000E+00 which sales to e1Al=] L7gae os 4.= 22.989 and Pi = 1500) = 1494.3 kips: € = 1.3% with exact P= 113444 kj (€) Inverse iteration with £=0.1% Iteration 0 1 ie 3 4 4 1.0000E+00 -3.3266E-01 -.7581E-01 -3,7864E-01 -3.7895E-01 de 1.0000E+00 4.8752E-033.5370E-03 9.4202E-033.4111E-03 45 1.0000E+00 -6.7066E-01 -7.5232E-01 -7.5678E-01 -7.5711E-01 a : 1.0743E+01 5.7269E+00 5.6947E+00 _5.6945E+00 &%) : > 87.587 0.565 0.008 ~5.0052E-0T which scales © e(4}=] 4,508E-03 =1.0000€+00 2.=5.695 and (@) Inverse iteration with ¢=0.1% eration ° 1 2 3 4 5 6 ‘a 1.0000E+00 -4.00406-02 2.6204E-01 -9.5302E-01 -O.4764E-01 -a.51S2E01 -.52516-01 42 ‘100006100 6.5526E-CS 4.001503 1.096060 15450E03 14411609 1.41446-09 2s 1.00008+00 2.3856E-03 | -3.7864E-03 4.567003 -4.0002E03 -4.31696-03 4 2002608 % > 8.7B50E+01 22168E+01 129726401 1.1992E+01 1.1904Es01 1.1900E+01 ee) : 296264 79.179 3.638 0.240 9018 T,0000E+00 which scales to e{A}=| -4.0145E-03 4.21776-02 d= 11.902 and (500) = 5950.8 kips: = 0.1% with exact P,, = 59569 kips /21(©) Inverse iteration with C=0.1% Hteration 0 1 2 3 Ay 1,0000E+00 3.5916E-03 3.3425E-03 3.3863E-03 Ae 1,0000E+00 -4,9276E-01 -5.2870E-01 -5.3109E-01 As 1.0000E+00 3.7296E-03 2.4532E-03 2.4028E-03 A 1.0000E+00 -7.4754E-01 -7.5484E-01 -7.5190E-01 a - 4.8189E+00 1.4219E+00 1.4186E+00 e (6) : - 238.905 0.234 BIZE-03 | 7.0702E-01 which scales to e(41=] 5 9996-03, 1,0000E+00 = 1.419 and Ps = 24500) = 709.3 kips: & = 0.04% with exact P., = 709.0 ki Problem 12.17 See results of Problem 12.12 for [Keg] and (Ky, (a) Inverse iteration with C=0.1% Hteration 0 af 2 ay “1,0000E-02 -3.4353E-03 -3.4128E-03 Ae 1.0000E+00 3.7811E-01 3.7853E-01 As 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 1.9362E-20 Ay 1.0000E-02 3.4353E-03 3.4128E-03 a - 5.7188E+00 5.7146E+00 £(%) : : 0.021 “SOTSOEOS 1.0000 +00 which scales to e(A}=| ESetE 96 9.0159-03 4.= 5.715 and P= N50) = 2857.3 kips: e = 0.7% with exact P, = 2836.1 kip (b) Inverse iteration with C=0.1% Iteration 0 1 2 Ay 1.0000E+00 3.8079E-01 3.8079E-01 Ae 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 —0.0000E +00 a - 2.2988E+01 2.2988E+01 e(%) . : 0.000 scales to cfaj=| 1+-0000E*00 which seales to 141=| 9 5000600 (e) Inverse iteration with C=0.1% Hteration 0 1 2 | Ay 5.0000E-01 3,7493E-013.7865E-01 3.7898E-01 Ae “1,0000E-02 -3,6424E.03 -3.4284E-03 -3,4118E-03 As 1.0000E+00 7.4800E-01 7.5648E-01 —_7.5709E-01 a - 5.8041E+00 5.6952E+00 5.6945E+00 £(%) : : 1.912 0.011 50058E-0T | ~4.5065E-03, 1.0000E+00 2.= 8.695 and P, = M500) = 2847.3 kips: & = 0.7% with exact P, = 2836.1 kip 122 which scales to c(A)=| 4 3.3914E-03 -5.3135E-01 2.3989E-03 -7.5153E-01 1.4185E+00 0.002(@) Inverse iteration with C=0.1% Hteration 0 1 a 3 Ay 1.0000E+00 3.6183E-01 3.5538E-01 3.5344E-01 A 0,0000E+00 -1.0952E-03 -1.3281E-03 -1.9844E-03 As 1.0000E-02 4.0468E-03 4.2050E-034.2578E-03, a 1.2035E+01 1.1911E+011.1902E+01 (5) : 1.038 0.074 7.0000E+00 which scales to ¢[A}=|_-8.9168E-03 1.2047E-02 = 11.902 and Pi, = S00) = 5951.0 hips: «= 0.1% with exact P, = 59569 kips (0) Inverse iteration with C=0.1% Hteration 0 1 2 3 As “1,0000E-02 -3.2995E-03 -3.744E-03-3.9900E-03 de S.0000E-01 5.2101E-01 5.3038E-01 5.3128E-01 ds “1,0000E-02 -2.5743E-03 -2.4122E-03 -2.3999E-03 A 4,0000E+00 7.6274E-01 7.5287E-01 7.5164E-01 a : 1.4624E+00 1.4189E+00 1.4185E+00 £(%) : - 3.069 0.024 FSTOTE-OS -7.0682E-01 which sealesto¢(4}=| 3 +9996-03 =1.0000€+00 (500) 709.3 Kips; (0.04% with exact P, 1,7678E+02 1.7678E+02 -1.7678E+02 6.7678E+02 With Poy = 500 kN: [K,y]= $.9000E-01 0.0000E+00 oe 3 0.0000E+00 -5.0000E-01 (a) Power method with (20.1% Eq, 1.15 [j= 1-8296E+01 0.0000E+00 .3296E+01 223616401 Bq, 12.46 (uy'= 7-5212E-02 0.0000E+00 447216-02 4.4721E-02 Eq, 1244a: [uj- 28284603 1.6818E-03 1.6818E-03 2.0000E-03, Hteration 0 1 2 ¥ 1.0000E +00 7.7466E-01 7.8510E-01 Ye 1.0000E+00 6:3297E-01 6.1997E-01 © : 4.1449E-03 4.1462E-03 £(%) : - 0.032 A= a= 241.182 and Pi, = S00) = 1205072 PAPAL TE iperearens). eee _ | r0000E+00 from Bg, 1245 (AJ=IL-ITIY} = BOTRRE DS which seales wo clAl=| ono ot 123(b) Inverse iteration with [=0.1% Iteration Ay Me a €(%) 0 1 2 1,0000E+00 1.3066E+00 1.3416E+00 1.0000E+00 5.4120E-01 4.4721E-01 : 2.5000E+02 2.4142E+02 : : 3.553 1,0000E+00 which scales to l}= 5 Ooaaeo4 = 241.187 and 1500) = 1205937 (©) MASTAN? solution Problem 12.19 Using symmetry and etc Shape Eien Moe 1 Ao Lon 3 1.3468E+00 4,3148E-01 2.4119E+02 0.097 ‘modeling half of the beam with one element Free 2 dol. rn A ay labels: [Key] = With Pre= 1000 k. UK y9l= 1.2895E+04 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 3.2223E+05 -8.0557E+03 0.0000E+00 -8.0557E+03 2.6852E+02 3.2238+02 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 —_0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 -1,5000E-13 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 124 3.2288E+02 0.0000 +00 0.0000E +00 1.0746E+01 (0.0000€:+00 0.0000 +00 0.0000€+00 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 “1.8667E+01 0.0000-+00 (0.0000 +00 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 4.9579E+03 -1.5000E-13 0,0000€ +00 0,0000E+00 -1.6667E+01 0,0000E+00(a) Power method with £=0.1% Eq. 11.15; 1.1956E+02 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 0.0000E+00 5.6765E+02 0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 _0.0000£ +00 ILI= — 0.0000E+00 -1.4191E+01 8.1933E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 2.8389E+00 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+001.6391E+00 _0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 _7.0412E+01 By, 12.46: 8.8061E-03 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 _0.0000E..00 1 0.0000E+00 1.7616E-03 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 ILI'= 9.0000E+00 3.0513E-03 1.2205E-01 0.0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 “1.5253E-02 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 6.1010E-01 _0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 _1.4202E-02 By, 12.44a 0.0000€+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00_1.8760E-17 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 + 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 TH] =0.0000+00 0.0000 +00 .0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 1.4441E-01 1.8760E-17 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+001.4441E-01 _0.0000E+00 Iteration o 1 2 Yr 1,0000E+00 9.1856E-17 9.1856E-17 % 1,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 0.000000 Ys 1,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 0.000000 Ys 4,0000E+007.0711E-01 7.0711E-01 Ys 1.0000E+00 7.0711E-01 7.0711E-01 © = 1.4441E-011.4441E-01 £(%) - - 0.0000 A= Ven= 6.925 and |, = (1000) = 6924.6 kj -1.0785E-02 -2.5000E-02 0,0000E+00 0.0000€-+00 from Bg. 12.45 {A}=IL-IITL¥] = 0,0000E+00 which scales to c{A}=| 0,0000E+00 43141E-01 1.0000 +00 1.0042E-02 2.9278E-02 ° z Ts oo00e.c0o 67H16E.O2 27si4E02 29085602 27emEoe emmEc 277EC 28019E02 1S: 1.000000 1.0000E-01 1.0000E-c2 1.0000E-08 1.0000E-04 1.00006-05 1 0000-08 1 000nE-07 ‘5; 1.000000 1.00006-01 1.00006-02 +0000E-03 1.0000E-04 .00006.05 1.00006.05 1,00006-07 100006400 579656400 15058E+00 1.238440 1 1000E+00 1.1693E+00 1 1096E00 1 1585E+00 ‘SS 1.0000Es00 1.036901 3.9760Ec2 26916E-02 27525602 25692602 270NE02 2.5940E 02 a S3767E\03 459256401 78733E400 T.ON01E+00 | 6.9480E+00 693506100 6 98106100 ce e voszes? 483.290" 12313, 028 0156 ‘0050 2. = 6.931 and P,, = 111000) = 6931.0 kipg 125Problem 12.20 Using symmetry and modeling half of the beam with one element Free y dost labels: © 1Keal With Pry = 1000 k: [Kgl = 2.6852E+02 0.0000€-+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000€+00 -8.0557E+03 0.0000E-+00 0.0000€+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000€+00 (0.0000€+00 (a) Power method with C=0.1% Eq, HLS (l= Eq, 12.46: Bq, 12.44a: ia) = Note: Convergence on a positive eigenvalue could only be obtained by making d0.f's 2 and 4 have opposite signs. eration 1.6387E+01 0.0000€+00 0.0000 +00 0.0000 +00 -4.9160E+02 6.1025E-02 0.0000 +00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 1,0570E-01 0.0000 +00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 1.0746E+01 0,0000E+00 3.2238E+02 0.0000E +00 4.9579E+03 0.0000E+00 9.2238E+02 0.0000E+00 1.2895E+04 0,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 1.0000E+03, 0.0000E+00 1.0000E+03 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 3.2781E+00 0.0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 7.0412E+01 —0.0000E+00 9.8344E+01 0.0000E+00 5.6779E+01 0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 —_0.0000E+00 3.0505E-01 0,0000E+00 —_0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 1.4202E-02 _0.0000+00 -5.2837E-01 0,0000E+001.7612E-02 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 —_0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0.0000+00 0,0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 -2.5013E-01 0.0000E +00 -2.5013E-01 0.0000 +00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 —0.0000E+00 1 2 ° ° ° 0 0.707106781 0.707106781 -0.707106781 -0.707108781 ° ° 0.2501 0.2501 : 0.0000 120 -8.0557E+03 0,0000€+00 0.0000 +00 0,0000€+00 3.2223E+05 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000€+00 0.0000€+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000€+00 0.0000 +00 0.0000 +00 0.0000 +00 2.9989E+02 0.0000 +00 0.0000 +00 0.0000 +00 0.0000E+00 3.5233E-03 0,0000E +00 0.0000 +00 0.0000 +00 0.0000E+00 0,0000€+00d= Meo= 3.998 and Pz = KC1000) = 9997.9 Kips 0.0000 +00 ‘0.0000E+00 3.7961E-01 1.0000+00 1.0042E-02 which scales toc{A)=| 2.6879E-02 -1.2484E-02 -3,9333E-02 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 Note: Convergence on a positive eigenvalue could only be obtained by making d's 2 and 4 have opposite signs. Also, in order to obtain convergence a relaxation factor of = 0.9 was employed. acters ‘ : : ‘ i A ee eter cea nce Sie cee cate A (Slane aserecs! Spuweat faiioeet Faetven tamecor Tstecet & — Yoponen lease feewese stnoeee Tonmew auemece teesoeoe S 322 SS Gee Sees comee come omc ers 1 Loaeinny enceel aasame se i laren! aiaaman Cece eee x rm jarseo0) Sanesecor Aavrcieo Aun77e.00 cozeceo | 2.0087e-00 oh : nemo agemreg) OTe soo sae 4.998 and Problem 12.21 Fre a Se) fot tials ag hehe a fp a, 1.2200E407 7.6250E+03 6.1000E+06 0.0000E+000.0000E+00 0.0000£+00 7.6250E+03 1.3056Es01 -3,0077E+03 -6.7017E+00 -1.0723E+04 0,0000E+00 Kyle 6.1000E+06 | -3.0977E+03 3.5075E+07 1.0723E+04 1.1438E+07 0,0000E+00 i 0.0000E+00 -6.7017E+00 1.0723E+04 1.9056E+01 3.0977E+03 -7.6250E+03 0.0000E+00 -1.0723E+04 1.1498E+07 9,0977E+03 3.5075E+07 6.1000E+06 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 -7.6250E+03 6.1000E+08 1.2200E+07 With Paep= 1000 k: -3.2000E405 -1.0000E+02 8,0000E+04 0,0000E+00 0,0000E +00 0,0000E+00 1,0000E+02 -8.7500E-01 0.0000E+00 3.7500E-01 1.0000E+02 0,0000E+00 1 8,0000E+04 0,0000E+00 -7.4667E+05 -1.0000E+02 1.0667E+05 _0.0000+00 if 0.0000E+00 3.7500E-01 -1.0000E+02 -8.7500E-01 0.0000E+00 1.0000E+02 0.0000E+00 1.0000E+02 1.0867E+05 0,0000E+00 -7.4667E+05 &.0000E+04 ©.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 1.0000E+02 8,0000E+04 -3.2000E+05, (a) Power method with [=0.1% Eg. 5; 3.4928E+03 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 _0.0000E+00 2.1830E+00 2.8793E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 _0.0000E+00 [|= 17464E+03 240006403 5.1250E+03 0.00006+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 -2.3276E+00 1.0023E+00 2.6756E+00 0.0000E+00 _0.0000+00 0.0000E+00 -3.7241E+03 4.8777E+02 -2.3525E+03 3.9286E+03 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 -2.9605E+03 -2.2009E+02 1.8404E+03 Bq. 12.46: 2.8630E-04 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0,0000£+00 0.0000 +00 -2ATOTE-04 34731E-01 1.4906E-20 3.0527E-17 0.0000E+00 _0.0000E+00 [Lj'= “19924E-04 1.6284E-01 1.9512E-04 0.0000E+00 0.000060 0.000000 “1-1864E-04 25057E-01 -7.5930E-05 3.8826E-01 -2.3439E-20 0.0000E+00 -25208E-04 4.5909E-01 -6.9696E-05 2.9250E-01 2.5454E-04 0.0000E+00 -2.2090E-04 45796E-01 -1.3047E-04 6.5234E-01 3.0499E-05 5.4395E-04 (ZR2.6200E-02 -9.9495E-09 -1.8064E-02 -1.9565E-03 -8.3547E-03 -4.14626-03 -9.9495E-03 1.0555E-01 5.6203E-02 2.204302 9.7972E-02 4,8621E-02 “118064E-02 §.6203E-02 © G.AOISE-02 9.7761E03 4.1746E-02 2.07 18E-02 “1.9565E-03 22940E-02 9.7761E-03 1.0940E-01 8.1730E-02 _1.6465E-01 “B.3547E-03 | 9.7972E-02 4.1746E-02 © B.1790E-02 1.7522E-01 1.2872E-01 -41462E-03 4.8621E-02 2.0718E-02 1.6465E-011.2872E-01 3.9796E-01 Iteration 0 a i 3 4 Y 4.000400 -1.5952E-02 -2.7932E-02 -2.5785E-02 -2.4798E-02 % 1.0000E+00 3.1574E-01 2.6021E-01 2.4177E-01 2.3542E-01 Ys 1.0000E+001.7135E-01 1.9139E-01 1.1944E-011.1535E-01 4 1.0000E+00 3.7980E-01 3.9493E-01 4.0126E-01 4.0340E-01 Ys 1.0000E+00 5.0801E-01 4.7531E-01 4.6101E-01 4.5583E-01 Ye 1.0000E+00 6.8437E-01 7.2962E-01 7.4369E-01 7.4843E-01 o : S.AG21E-01 5.2186E-01 5.2251E-01 5.2259E-01 £(%) : - 1.082 0.125, 0.015, A= Uw= 1.914 and P= 21000) = 1913.8 ky -4,0934-04 -5.4317E-04 7.5362E-01 1.0000E+00 “1.3754E-04 “1.8251E-04 from Eq. 12.45 (A)=[L-IIT(Y) = 7,5083E-01 which scales to clA}= 9,9630-01 1.3881E-04 1.8419E-04 4.0866E-04 5,3960E-04 (b) Inverse iteration with £-0.1% Nee ooetesoo THsTbEoN -ti2ieEod Tere 74WIEOE uLstEoK -seamEot 574008 ssHtDEo 8) Yoometoo e186: taarre-ov tinaaesnn Ymcesoo 1itaaes0d orooéoo onioee00 1 GeAIED S— Yoonesoo 72018604 bovore.os Sspe7E0s “OSzrae-0s -iaTbeeOL -Iewe-oK labIoEaL “1 9B8tE-08 5) Yooouetoo “ibseceet ‘Sazwceo: teea7eot roesocat Samaeay Noo7se00 1020/6001 0067E:00 s! — Vooooetoo atzreoe aanteroa Szotocou zanmoece 2amicee nonme-os to000e-04 | 19267EO4 S—Yoovvetoo 7stere0e tameccn -7emone-os asmoede 7O¥7EDe SSHHE-DS SSEDE SUTZECE x Taaeses0' 821320100 41996000 ZEZZ1E-00 1SONIELEO 132406400 | 1914RE+09 1917-00 «te Z cies! “SESS PeaaTS “ete NES aaa” ote 221.914 and P= M000) = 1913.7 Kj 128CHAPTER 13 PROBLEM 13.2 (comense O,FROM EX. 5.7) (RJ) = Kip-keler Ka, 2 (ess oer ~ {Pio sudFy.031 1.368] «200 9-257 ONY 1.368: 1345 0.254 0.254 OMY LRA = FR- Gecled te) va56 we. ae welt se srs *(arasatee sa ah 2.35, some OR {R er (RI, “2 sate mee CAs (et MPele fear Leal {RS AOGs 0.28 «19° %(-21,32 m0")-0,28 «102093 [T-031 364A “Sao (L24 male = 200 =70-900534 RAD, 2.417 WS.rd ]-62. PRBS. ae = (-3x4x* yu,t(2 = -(X -x) nero. 7s BExloH(B Xa ma a i BY vse oF &Q.7./7 ca CP ESTABLISH, ape ae eas.) rae tee SB THe le (esl (Kuc]“LXes]] sei I Colaet et THis Is EXACTLY THE STIFFNESS MATRIX or Ah 2-NobeD AXIAL MEMBER 129PRowem 13.7 F Oo wm ion Subshuct. ® Wy s & LS Ley Ta ‘aborteuce (8) GLOBAL STIFFNESS - SUBSTRUCTURE A? c " 10092, He 1 ™, 24 34,067 or 6 “ -B| 2+ 133, 3333 3%6cu.7| __ te 3 ~.o2 24 ~2y [DIT 4; 24 40,000 9 =) _2y 80,00 % M, zy o 40, d00 [rd 0 bo00\¢ AFTER conpewsanon (win Reto, - m=O a B ° Us -\0 Ms )= [0 4S. 644.48 Ost + yr004.8 My lo ~26,094.52 45,Fuyye |] 3,004.0 GLOBAL. STIPENE]SS - SUBSTRUCTURE B 8 Ms 222,000 om %& BR zu +0288, Uy wa [FE] 0 24 346007 6 My 100,000] 24 133,333.32 S46,6U6-7 a CONDENSAMON (WITH M520 Pe, J® [ioze? 2 Ss \. me feE| 24 340602 “Ie ° 1S.42¢ 133,333.3 Sv0, 1S ry a, 1320PROBLEM 13.7 Ceonpuet) SUMMING UP try“ om LPYP: 0267 sim. Ws 5} (-10 200 Vay 342,512 & {Jo {42% 15,428 106,633.8 556,797, a lo) [oMe 35 BITE moms 5 Oye 73-210 Rad, Os -l. Qn 10 Rad. BY BACKSUBSTNITVTION © 1= GTS4 mm, Oe =I. Yoxto” “pap. O2° 1.74016 Teas, = 72. nano" RAD, Moment Diagrams (kN.m.) 13.4 /3/PRopiem 13. // From 6@,/3./8, WE Have (6! Gelh- {44 mm fads “LeTedtade potty k= (relies + (eer (Hy BY SUBSTITUNON INTO THE BASIc stIEF. EQS.+ {b= [Cree VEL + (Kec Ie + (keeled TH) Ld ee IRA Dec THAS + (le FETT FRom §@s.13.23 AND 13.2¢ ris t ted- {Rb + (RR \= Tess F {Pde pe HT Meteo + (ka eller {uy PROBLEM 13./2 S27 “6x, oie: (EE\= =e {PA = Bye (-ert0.67 43730? = -60,27 «103 (ear Ge Cop ec tsymoF 20 = 304 *200 x10 (Kelley = 4 Cee ea) (31.4 «200 m10%) “Gpy = —G0.27«107 Gz: — 9 .0000%¢2 RAD, #92prop. 2.13 fate (O1a"} 6.866 -S00 0 {is ie piss ox 0.¥66 elke ie hale (eereain «) 25.08 0.7673 4," -%.54 } = 200]0.0216 0. we fe: SO x\o* 1.017 -22.2375 |KO, BPPLYWG THE BouDARy cavbition Uy! 50 AND SOLVING ¥ Vv," . {ose a 9.00177 RAb. PROBLEM 13.14 0 tr ax Sees a 0.427 SIN P= 3 © 0.305 & 0.927 ~.375 ©] Ys (Fl. fo 927 | % ° ot Oy Bering (CJ To THE LoAD AND STIFFNESS MATRICES OF Exampre 5.7 we GET ~¢ Vaas sim Vie: 64.93 \. 200 |-0.25q 0.114 Me 0? 36H 2xto8] Lee SUN BB xl TOR SOLMING, WE OBTRIN. Wy = —O.T4R mum. Nye 75-00% my, Gay * 0.000534 Rap, oe £ 3m 132PROBLEM /3./5 THE ORIGINAL GLOBAL. STIFFNESS MATRIX, ¥ \S GIVEN IN EXAMPLES 3,1 atl 5./0 an +00. 0 OTM . O!l00 0 |/4 * i (rl 6 Oo { (01,6 As OO 6 0701) 07m) 4," ° 45) he As 0 O OO7N O71] pA * Arputing (CP) To THE oR\eiwaL STIFENess Mat F-i21 V2, 122 <.Ut W473 sym. F/-3.536 3.536 6.830 3.137 -1,81% -2329 5.147 O.R40 OMS 2.324 -2.584 1.999 APPLYING Ag’ =0, P\= P< Pye Reo Ane SOLVING: Aye 72-907 Bam 1724 Age WH 723, 4 0 6.677 (Attinn) 134Problem 13.16 and [GF =[0 0 1 0 0 oO} Mer bHeleerk le tery) og ee 3 na : wih Gs Assuming hinge at right end of element ab, Eq. 13.33: F,) [-009375 0 My o ° Assemble global system of equations Ry) [-0.09375 0 { Solve for reactions (kN and N-m): R,, | [-009375 0 Roa |_| -375 0 [f 11852 {| -3 ~3000 |ls.se9xc10 Le 3000 2x10 BS o a oe SEL v . a 8 @ 4 0 0 0 oe cl 3 No hinge at either end of element be, Eq. 4.32 Fy) [3.3000 Sate 3000 210° Solve for displacements (in, and rads.) 3.09375 3000 3000 J" (-10) axto} | of 1 44444 8.89 -17,7778|Solve for element end forces (kN and N-m) F, M 0.09375. 0) =375___o|f -11.8s: z My o 0 Problem 13.18 See example 13.6, With Fy Problem 13.19 Free dos. labels: (a) k= 12x10" in ipsirad 1.1444E403 [Kyl = 6.146140 (Ky= '0.00006:+00 5.5315E+02 0.00006+00 See table below for summary 09375" s.880x10"" La -1 0 2 | _fadaaa| | un Fe | 1 Po 3 3000 3000 4x10° |f —11.852 =3 3000 3000 2x10° 0.0000€+00 7.84206 +02 sym. (0.0000 +00 -7-8883E+02 (0,0000€-+00 “5.3710E+00 of results, 5.5915E+02 1.4821€401 6.7563E+04 S.8318E +02 0.0000 +00 3.3189E+08 -1.4821E+01 126 -1-13836-+03 0,0000&+00 0.000000 1.13836 +03 0.0000 +00 0.0000 +00 0.0000£+00 0.000600 0.0000+00 6.2070E+02 5.9285E+02 0.00006 +00 749716404 10.0000 +00 10,0000 +00 (0.00006 +00 6.29706+402 8.88910} 8.89 0 8.89 17.7718(b) k= 1.2«10" inckipsirad 1.14448+03 0,0000E+00 5.5315E+02 -1.1383E+03 0,0000E+00 7.6569E402 1.3387E102 0,0000E 00 6.89226 +02 Ka 7-7OBTE+04 0.0000E-+00 5,3546E+03 sym, 1.1983E+03 0,0000E-+00 779526404 -6.1461E+00 0,0000E+00 -5.5315E+02 0,0000£+00 0.0000-+00 (0,0000E+00 -7.588E+02 0.000000 0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 5.5315E+02 0.0000 +00 3.3189E+04 0,0000E+00 0.0000E +00 0.0000E+00 -6.8590E+00 -1.9387E+02 0,0000E+00 -6,6922E+02 See table below for summary of results. (e) k= 1.2x10° inkkipsirad 4.1444E+03 0.0000E+00 5.5315E+02 -1.1383E+03 0.000000 7.7252E402 6,8020E+02 0.0000E+00 9.62385 +02 1.2079E+05 0.0000E+00 2.7208E+04 sym. 1.1383E+03 0,0000E+00 ‘8.8278E+04 -6.1461E+00 0.00006 +00 -5.5315E+02 0.0000E+00 0.0000 +00 0,0000E+00 -7.5883E+02 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.00006 +00 5.5315E+02 0.0000E+00 3.318904 0.0000E+00 0,0000E+00 0,0000€ +00 -1.9688E+01 -6.8020E +02 0.0000E+00 -9,62386+02 See table below for summary of results Summary of Results: Spring @) ©) ) constant k 1.2000E+09 20006404 1.20008 +05; Deflections a; | 6 1839E+00 4.6356E+00 2.404800 (inches 6.5661E-04 3.7917E-09, 7.25856-08 ‘and -$.0882E-02-3.8428E-02 © -1.4416E02 radians) 6.1839E+00 «4.6356E+00 © 2.9245E+00 3,9487-04 2,28096-03, 4,3639E-03, “49828601 _2.8770E+00 __5.5085E+00 0.0000E+00 __0,0000E+00 0.00006 +00 700008207 7.0000Es07 0000607 ips) “A9826E-01 __-28779E+00 __—-5.5085E+00 Element S.O7OTEWOT 345286402 .6078E+02 end 1.7402E+03 1.4547E403, 1.13926 +03 moments, ‘SO7OIEWO1 © -3.4528E+02 ——-8.6078E+02 (inkips) (0.00006+00 0.0000E+00—_0.0000+00 Problem 13.20 Free dof. label: AR4.4510" in kipsiead 4.060403 0,0000E+00 5.83186+03 Sym. “A.7763E+02 0,0000E+00 0,0000E+00 -5,8242E+03 1.0658E+04 0,0000£+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E-+00 0.0000E+00 0.000040 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 ‘See table below for summary of results. (b) ky = 2k: = 14.4310" inckipsfrad 4.0604E+03 0,0000E+00 5.82996 +03, Sym. “1,7763E402 0,0000E+00 0.0000E+00 -5.8242E+03 1.0658E+04 0.0000E+00 (0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 10.0000£+00 0.0000E+00 (0.0000&+00 0.0000E+00 IK,1= See table below for summary of results, © k ‘and ky 4.0604E+03 0,0000E+00 5.8373E+03 1K) sym. 1.7763E+02 0.0000€+00 0.0000E+00 -5.8242E+03 1.0658E+04 —0.0000E+00 10.0000&+00 0.0000E+00 (0.0000£+00 0.0000+00 (0.0000E+00 0.0000+00 See table below for summary of results, (a) and ky = 14.410" in.kipsirad 4.0604E+03 — 0,0000E+00 5.8275E+03 ‘sym, 1.0658E+04 6.844102 19,6198E+05 -1.0858E+04 0.0000 +00 4.26906 +405 10,0000 +00 10.0000:+00 0.0000 +00 1.0868E+04 64711402 9.6123E+05 -1.0858E+04 0.0000€:.00 426306405 0.000400 0.0000€:.00 0.0000 +00 1,0858E404 0,0000-+00 852606405 -1.08586+08 0.0000 +00 4.2630€+05, 0.00006:+00 0.0000 +00 (0.0000-+00 1.08586+04 (0.0000€:+00 8, 52606405 138 -3.8828E+03 0.0000 +00 (0.00006:+00 4.06046 +03 0.000400 (0.0000:+00 (0.000000 “1.77636+02 0.0000:+00 1,0858E404 “3.8828 +03 0.0000€+00 10,0000: +00 4.06046+03. 0.0000 +00 0.0000: +00 0.000000 “177636402 0.0000 +00 1.0658E+08 3.882803 0.0000€-+00 0.0000-+00 4,06046403 0.0000: +00 0.00006:+00 0.0000+00 “177635402 0.0000 +00 1,0658E+08 -3.8828E+03 0,0000€:+00 10,0000E:+00 4,0604E+03 0.0000+00 -7.6045E+00 -6.8441E+02 0.000000 5.8318E+03 0.0000&-+00 0.0000&-+00 0.000400 0.000400 -5.8242E103 0.0000 +00 0.00006:+00 -5.7S59E+00 “6.4711 E402 0.0000€:+00 5.8299E+03 0.0000€:+00 0.0000€-+00 0.0000€-+00 0.000000 -5.8242E+03 0.0000-+00 0.0000€+00 “1.9157E+01 0.0000 +00 0.0000 +00 5.8373E+03 ‘0,0000€:+00 0.0000€-+00 0.0000€-+00 0.0000€-+00 -5.8242E+03 0.0000€-+00 0.000040 “3.32226 +00 (0.000040 0.000000 5.8275E+03 0.0000+00 6.844102 1,9810€+04 1.0858E+04 -6.B441E102 9.6198E+05 0.0000 +00 0.0000€-+00 (0.0000E:.00 -1,0658E+04 0.0000 +00 4.26306 +05 (0.0000+00 3.8895E+02 7.84a1E+03 1,0658E+04 -3.8895E102 9.1476E+05 0.0000€-+00 0.0000-+00 (0.0000+00 -1,0658E+04 (0.0000 +00 4.2830E+05 0.0000:+00 2.3682E+03 0.0000 +00 1.0658E+04 -2.9882E+03 1.2789E+08 '0.0000E:+00 (0.0000€:+00 (0.000000 1.065804 0.0000€-+00 4.2530E+05 (0.000000 5,9800E+02 (0.000000 1,0658E+04 '5,9800E+02 9.6024E+05