THE

CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF FLORIDA

As revised in
1968
And subsequently amended
November 2016

Published by
Florida Department of State
 In preparation for statehood, fifty-six delegates from Florida’s twenty
counties assembled in the Panhandle town of Saint Joseph (near Port St. Joe)
to frame the 1838 Constitution (cover). The delegates were mainly planters
and lawyers from thirteen of the nation’s twenty-six states and four foreign
countries; only three were native Floridians. Three delegates would later
become U.S. Senators; two, governors; and five, members of the state
supreme court. The convention was called to order on December 3, 1838
and elected Robert Raymond Reid of St. Augustine as president.
The constitution divided the government into the traditional three
branches – an executive headed by the governor elected to a single four year
term, a bicameral legislature that met annually, and a judiciary headed by a
supreme court. It banned bank officers, clergymen, and duelists from
election to the legislature and governorship; and declared free men equal
while at the same time preserving slavery. The constitution was approved by
popular vote in 1839 and served as Florida’s constitution from statehood in
1845 until Florida seceded from the Union in 1861.
The original 1838 Constitution, signed by forty-one delegates on
January 11, 1839, has disappeared. The only surviving handwritten copy is a
clerk’s copy signed by Reid and Joshua Knowles, convention secretary,
found by the William N. “Bill” Galphin family in Fernandina Beach in 1982.
The family inherited the copy from Galphin’s grandfather William
Thompson. Thompson married the niece of Judge John C. McGehee, a
delegate to the 1838 convention and president of the Secession Convention
of 1861.
The 1838 Constitution is one of many historical documents that may
be found at the Florida State Archives. Located in the R.A. Gray Building in
Tallahassee, the Archives is mandated by law to collect and preserve
documentation of Florida’s past; including photographs, state records, and
private papers of individuals and organizations.

This material is available in

alternate format upon request.
(850) 245-6200
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The Constitution of the State of Florida as revised in 1968 consisted of certain revised
articles as proposed by three joint resolutions which were adopted during the special session of
June 24-July 3, 1968, and ratified by the electorate on November 5, 1968, together with one
article carried forward from the Constitution of 1885, as amended. The articles proposed in
House Joint Resolution 1-2X constituted the entire revised constitution with the exception of
Articles V, VI, and VIII. Senate Joint Resolution 4-2X proposed Article VI, relating to suffrage
and elections. Senate Joint Resolution 5-2X proposed a new Article VIII, relating to local
government. Article V, relating to the judiciary, was carried forward from the Constitution of
1885, as amended.
Seet�qnu eqorqu�ni the 3;88 tex�u�qn haxe nq h�utqt{ nqteu0 Swbueqwent ehanieu ate
�nf�eatef b{ nqteu arrenfef tq the ahheetef ueet�qnu0 Vhe �nfezeu arreat�ni at the bei�nn�ni
qh eaeh att�e＀e, nqteu arreat�ni at the enf qh xat�qwu ueet�qnu, anf ueet�qn anf uwbueet�qn
heaf�niu ate affef ef�tqt�a＀＀{ anf ate nqt tq be eqnu�fetef au ratt qh the eqnut�twt�qn0

3
ATVKENG K EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG K

PTGAMDNG
Ye, the reqr＀e qh the State qh H＀qt�fa, be�ni itatehw＀ tq A＀o�iht{ Gqf hqt qwt eqnut�twt�qna＀
＀�bett{, �n qtfet tq ueewte �tu beneh�tu, retheet qwt iqxetnoent, �nuwte fqoeut�e ttanqw�＀�t{,
oa�nta�n rwb＀�e qtfet, anf iwatantee eqwa＀ e�x�＀ anf rq＀�t�ea＀ t�ihtu tq a＀＀, fq qtfa�n anf
eutab＀�uh th�u eqnut�twt�qn0

ATVKENG K SGEVKQP 50 Te＀�i�qwu hteefqo0´Vhete uha＀＀ be

nq ＀aw teureet�ni the eutab＀�uhoent qh te＀�i�qn qt
DGENATAVKQP QH TKGJVS rtqh�b�t�ni qt rena＀�z�ni the htee ezete�ue theteqh0
Te＀�i�qwu hteefqo uha＀＀ nqt �wut�h{ rtaet�eeu �neqnu�utent
See0 w�th rwb＀�e oqta＀u, reaee qt uahet{0 Pq texenwe qh the
utate qt an{ rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qn qt aiene{ theteqh uha＀＀
30 Pq＀�t�ea＀ rqwet0 exet be ta�en htqo the rwb＀�e tteauwt{ f�teet＀{ qt
20 Dau�e t�ihtu0 �nf�teet＀{ �n a�f qh an{ ehwteh, ueet, qt te＀�i�qwu
50 Te＀�i�qwu hteefqo0 fenqo�nat�qn qt �n a�f qh an{ ueetat�an �nut�twt�qn0
60 Hteefqo qh ureeeh anf rteuu0
50 T�iht tq auueob＀e0 SGEVKQP 60 Hteefqo qh ureeeh anf rteuu0´
80 T�iht tq wqt�0 Gxet{ retuqn oa{ urea�, wt�te anf rwb＀�uh uent�oentu
90 M�＀�tat{ rqwet0 qn a＀＀ uwb�eetu bwt uha＀＀ be teurqnu�b＀e hqt the abwue qh
80 T�iht tq beat atou0 that t�iht0 Pq ＀aw uha＀＀ be rauuef tq teutta�n qt abt�fie
;0 Dwe rtqeeuu0 the ＀�bett{ qh ureeeh qt qh the rteuu0 Kn a＀＀ et�o�na＀
320 Ptqh�b�tef ＀awu0 rtqueewt�qnu anf e�x�＀ aet�qnu hqt fehaoat�qn the ttwth
330 Kort�uqnoent hqt febt0 oa{ be i�xen �n ex�fenee0 Kh the oattet ehatief au
320 Seateheu anf ue�zwteu0 fehaoatqt{ �u ttwe anf wau rwb＀�uhef w�th iqqf
350 Jabeau eqtrwu0 oqt�xeu, the ratt{ uha＀＀ be aeqw�ttef qt ezqnetatef0
360 Ptett�a＀ te＀eaue anf fetent�qn0 J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
350 Ptqueewt�qn hqt et�oe; qhhenueu eqoo�ttef b{ 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
eh�＀ften0
380 T�ihtu qh aeewuef anf qh x�et�ou0 SGEVKQP 50 T�iht tq auueob＀e0´Vhe reqr＀e
390 Gzeeuu�xe rwn�uhoentu0 uha＀＀ haxe the t�iht reaeeab＀{ tq auueob＀e, tq �nuttwet
380 Afo�n�uttat�xe rena＀t�eu0 the�t terteuentat�xeu, anf tq ret�t�qn hqt tefteuu qh
3;0 Equtu0 it�exaneeu0
220 Vteauqn0
230 Aeeeuu tq eqwttu0 SGEVKQP 80 T�iht tq wqt�0´Vhe t�iht qh retuqnu
220 Vt�a＀ b{ �wt{0 tq wqt� uha＀＀ nqt be fen�ef qt abt�fief qn aeeqwnt qh
250 T�iht qh rt�xae{0 oeobetuh�r qt nqn/oeobetuh�r �n an{ ＀abqt wn�qn qt
260 Aeeeuu tq rwb＀�e teeqtfu anf oeet�niu0 ＀abqt qtian�zat�qn0 Vhe t�iht qh eor＀q{eeu, b{ anf
250 Vazra{etu' D�＀＀ qh T�ihtu0 thtqwih a ＀abqt qtian�zat�qn, tq batia�n eq＀＀eet�xe＀{ uha＀＀
280 E＀a�oant'u t�iht tq ha�t eqorenuat�qn0 nqt be fen�ef qt abt�fief0 Pwb＀�e eor＀q{eeu uha＀＀ nqt
290 Matt�aie feh�nef0 haxe the t�iht tq utt��e0
SGEVKQP 30 Pq＀�t�ea＀ rqwet0´A＀＀ rq＀�t�ea＀ rqwet �u SGEVKQP 90 M�＀�tat{ rqwet0´Vhe o�＀�tat{ rqwet
�nhetent �n the reqr＀e0 Vhe enwne�at�qn hete�n qh eetta�n uha＀＀ be uwbqtf�nate tq the e�x�＀0
t�ihtu uha＀＀ nqt be eqnuttwef tq fen{ qt �ora�t qthetu
teta�nef b{ the reqr＀e0 SGEVKQP 80 T�iht tq beat atou0´
(a) Vhe t�iht qh the reqr＀e tq �eer anf beat atou �n
SGEVKQP 20 Dau�e t�ihtu0´A＀＀ natwta＀ retuqnu, fehenue qh theoue＀xeu anf qh the ＀awhw＀ awthqt�t{ qh the
heoa＀e anf oa＀e a＀��e, ate eqwa＀ behqte the ＀aw anf utate uha＀＀ nqt be �nht�nief, ezeert that the oannet qh
haxe �na＀�enab＀e t�ihtu, aoqni wh�eh ate the t�iht tq beat�ni atou oa{ be teiw＀atef b{ ＀aw0
en�q{ anf fehenf ＀�he anf ＀�bett{, tq rwtuwe harr�neuu, (b) Vhete uha＀＀ be a oanfatqt{ ret�qf qh thtee fa{u,
eze＀wf�ni wee�enfu anf ＀eia＀ hq＀�fa{u, between the
tq be tewatfef hqt �nfwutt{, anf tq aeqw�te, rquueuu anf
rwtehaue anf fe＀�xet{ at teta�＀ qh an{ hanfiwn0 Hqt the
rtqteet rtqrett{; ezeert that the qwnetuh�r, �nhet�tanee, rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn, ¬rwtehaue¹ oeanu the ttanuhet
f�urqu�t�qn anf rquueuu�qn qh tea＀ rtqrett{ b{ a＀�enu qh oqne{ qt qthet xa＀wab＀e eqnu�fetat�qn tq the teta�＀et,
�ne＀�i�b＀e hqt e�t�zenuh�r oa{ be teiw＀atef qt rtqh�b�tef anf ¬hanfiwn¹ oeanu a h�teato earab＀e qh be�ni eatt�ef
b{ ＀aw0 Pq retuqn uha＀＀ be fert�xef qh an{ t�iht beeawue anf wuef b{ qne hanf, uweh au a r�utq＀ qt texq＀xet0
qh taee, te＀�i�qn, nat�qna＀ qt�i�n, qt rh{u�ea＀ f�uab�＀�t{0 Jq＀fetu qh a eqneea＀ef wearqn reto�t au rteuet�bef �n
J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 ;39, 3;96; afqrtef 3;96; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 ;, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5,
H＀qt�fa ＀aw uha＀＀ nqt be uwb�eet tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u
3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 rataitarh0
2
ATVKENG K EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG K

(e) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ enaet ＀ei�u＀at�qn �or＀eoent/ SGEVKQP 350 Ptqueewt�qn hqt et�oe; qhhenueu
�ni uwbueet�qn (b) qh th�u ueet�qn, ehheet�xe nq ＀atet than eqoo�ttef b{ eh�＀ften0´
Deeeobet 53, 3;;3, wh�eh uha＀＀ rtqx�fe that an{qne (a) Pq retuqn uha＀＀ be tt�ef hqt ear�ta＀ et�oe w�thqwt
x�q＀at�ni the rtqx�u�qnu qh uwbueet�qn (b) uha＀＀ be iw�＀t{ rteuentoent qt �nf�etoent b{ a itanf �wt{, qt hqt qthet
qh a he＀qn{0 he＀qn{ w�thqwt uweh rteuentoent qt �nf�etoent qt an
(f) Vh�u teutt�et�qn uha＀＀ nqt arr＀{ tq a ttafe �n qh �nhqtoat�qn wnfet qath h�＀ef b{ the rtqueewt�ni qhh�eet qh
anqthet hanfiwn0 the eqwtt, ezeert retuqnu qn aet�xe fwt{ �n the o�＀�t�a
J�utqt{0´Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 65, 3;8;; afqrtef 3;;20 when tt�ef b{ eqwttu oatt�a＀0
(b) Yhen awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, a eh�＀f au thete�n
SGEVKQP ;0 Dwe rtqeeuu0´Pq retuqn uha＀＀ be feh�nef oa{ be ehatief w�th a x�q＀at�qn qh ＀aw au an
fert�xef qh ＀�he, ＀�bett{ qt rtqrett{ w�thqwt fwe rtqeeuu aet qh fe＀�nqwene{ �nuteaf qh et�oe anf tt�ef w�thqwt a
qh ＀aw, qt be tw�ee rwt �n �eqratf{ hqt the uaoe qhhenue, �wt{ qt qthet teqw�teoentu arr＀�eab＀e tq et�o�na＀ eaueu0
qt be eqore＀＀ef �n an{ et�o�na＀ oattet tq be a w�tneuu An{ eh�＀f uq ehatief uha＀＀, wrqn feoanf oafe au
aia�nut qneue＀h0 rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw behqte a tt�a＀ �n a �wxen�＀e rtqeeef�ni,
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 be tt�ef �n an arrtqrt�ate eqwtt au an afw＀t0 A eh�＀f hqwnf
fe＀�nqwent uha＀＀ be f�ue�r＀�nef au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
SGEVKQP 320 Ptqh�b�tef ＀awu0´Pq b�＀＀ qh atta�n/
fet, ez rqut haetq ＀aw qt ＀aw �ora�t�ni the qb＀�iat�qn qh SGEVKQP 380 T�ihtu qh aeewuef anf qh x�et�ou0
eqnttaetu uha＀＀ be rauuef0 (a) Kn a＀＀ et�o�na＀ rtqueewt�qnu the aeewuef uha＀＀,
wrqn feoanf, be �nhqtoef qh the natwte anf eawue qh
SGEVKQP 330 Kort�uqnoent hqt febt0´Pq ret/ the aeewuat�qn, anf uha＀＀ be hwtn�uhef a eqr{ qh the
uqn uha＀＀ be �ort�uqnef hqt febt, ezeert �n eaueu qh ehatieu, anf uha＀＀ haxe the t�iht tq haxe eqorw＀uqt{
htawf0 rtqeeuu hqt w�tneuueu, tq eqnhtqnt at tt�a＀ afxetue
w�tneuueu, tq be heatf �n retuqn, b{ eqwnue＀ qt bqth,
SGEVKQP 320 Seateheu anf ue�zwteu0´Vhe t�iht anf tq haxe a ureef{ anf rwb＀�e tt�a＀ b{ �oratt�a＀ �wt{ �n
qh the reqr＀e tq be ueewte �n the�t retuqnu, hqwueu, the eqwnt{ whete the et�oe wau eqoo�ttef0 Kh the eqwnt{
raretu anf ehheetu aia�nut wnteauqnab＀e ueateheu anf �u nqt �nqwn, the �nf�etoent qt �nhqtoat�qn oa{ ehatie
ue�zwteu, anf aia�nut the wnteauqnab＀e �nteteert�qn qh xenwe �n twq qt oqte eqwnt�eu eqn�wnet�xe＀{ anf rtqqh
rt�xate eqoown�eat�qnu b{ an{ oeanu, uha＀＀ nqt be that the et�oe wau eqoo�ttef �n that atea uha＀＀ be
x�q＀atef0 Pq wattant uha＀＀ be �uuwef ezeert wrqn uwhh�e�ent; bwt behqte r＀eaf�ni the aeewuef oa{ e＀eet �n
rtqbab＀e eawue, uwrrqttef b{ ahh�fax�t, ratt�ew＀at＀{ wh�eh qh thque eqwnt�eu the tt�a＀ w�＀＀ ta�e r＀aee0 Venwe
feuet�b�ni the r＀aee qt r＀aeeu tq be ueatehef, the hqt rtqueewt�qn qh et�oeu eqoo�ttef be{qnf the bqwnf/
retuqn qt retuqnu, th�ni qt th�niu tq be ue�zef, the at�eu qh the utate uha＀＀ be h�zef b{ ＀aw0
eqoown�eat�qn tq be �nteteertef, anf the natwte qh (b) V�et�ou qh et�oe qt the�t ＀awhw＀ terteuentat�xeu,
ex�fenee tq be qbta�nef0 Vh�u t�iht uha＀＀ be eqnuttwef �n �ne＀wf�ni the nezt qh ��n qh hqo�e�fe x�et�ou, ate ent�t＀ef
eqnhqto�t{ w�th the 6th Aoenfoent tq the Wn�tef Stateu tq the t�iht tq be �nhqtoef, tq be rteuent, anf tq be
Eqnut�twt�qn, au �ntetrtetef b{ the Wn�tef Stateu Sw/ heatf when te＀exant, at a＀＀ etwe�a＀ utaieu qh et�o�na＀
rteoe Eqwtt0 Att�e＀eu qt �nhqtoat�qn qbta�nef �n x�q＀a/ rtqeeef�niu, tq the eztent that theue t�ihtu fq nqt
t�qn qh th�u t�iht uha＀＀ nqt be afo�uu�b＀e �n ex�fenee �h �ntethete w�th the eqnut�twt�qna＀ t�ihtu qh the aeewuef0
uweh att�e＀eu qt �nhqtoat�qn wqw＀f be �nafo�uu�b＀e wnfet J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 355, 3;89; afqrtef 3;88; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
fee�u�qnu qh the Wn�tef Stateu Swrteoe Eqwtt eqnuttw/ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
�ni the 6th Aoenfoent tq the Wn�tef Stateu Eqnut�tw/
t�qn0 SGEVKQP 390 Gzeeuu�xe rwn�uhoentu0´Gzeeu/
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 53/J, 3;82; afqrtef 3;820
u�xe h�neu, etwe＀ anf wnwuwa＀ rwn�uhoent, atta�nfet,
SGEVKQP 350 Jabeau eqtrwu0´Vhe wt�t qh ha/ hqthe�twte qh eutate, �nfeh�n�te �ort�uqnoent, anf wn/
beau eqtrwu uha＀＀ be itantab＀e qh t�iht, htee＀{ anf teauqnab＀e fetent�qn qh w�tneuueu ate hqtb�ffen0 Vhe
w�thqwt equt0 Kt uha＀＀ be tetwtnab＀e w�thqwt fe＀a{, anf feath rena＀t{ �u an awthqt�zef rwn�uhoent hqt ear�ta＀
uha＀＀ nexet be uwurenfef wn＀euu, �n eaue qh tebe＀＀�qn qt et�oeu feu�inatef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte0 Vhe rtqh�b�t�qn
�nxau�qn, uwurenu�qn �u euuent�a＀ tq the rwb＀�e uahet{0 aia�nut etwe＀ qt wnwuwa＀ rwn�uhoent, anf the rtqh�b�t�qn
aia�nut etwe＀ anf wnwuwa＀ rwn�uhoent, uha＀＀ be eqn/
SGEVKQP 360 Ptett�a＀ te＀eaue anf fetent�qn0´ uttwef �n eqnhqto�t{ w�th fee�u�qnu qh the Wn�tef Stateu
Wn＀euu ehatief w�th a ear�ta＀ qhhenue qt an qhhenue Swrteoe Eqwtt wh�eh �ntetrtet the rtqh�b�t�qn aia�nut
rwn�uhab＀e b{ ＀�he �ort�uqnoent anf the rtqqh qh iw�＀t �u etwe＀ anf wnwuwa＀ rwn�uhoent rtqx�fef �n the G�ihth
ex�fent qt the rteuwort�qn �u iteat, exet{ retuqn Aoenfoent tq the Wn�tef Stateu Eqnut�twt�qn0 An{
ehatief w�th a et�oe qt x�q＀at�qn qh own�e�ra＀ qt eqwnt{ oethqf qh ezeewt�qn uha＀＀ be a＀＀qwef, wn＀euu rtqh�b�tef
qtf�nanee uha＀＀ be ent�t＀ef tq rtett�a＀ te＀eaue qn teauqn/ b{ the Wn�tef Stateu Eqnut�twt�qn0 Methqfu qh ezeewt�qn
ab＀e eqnf�t�qnu0 Kh nq eqnf�t�qnu qh te＀eaue ean teauqn/ oa{ be feu�inatef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte, anf a ehanie �n
ab＀{ rtqteet the eqoown�t{ htqo t�u� qh rh{u�ea＀ hato tq an{ oethqf qh ezeewt�qn oa{ be arr＀�ef tettqaet�xe＀{0 A
retuqnu, auuwte the rteuenee qh the aeewuef at tt�a＀, qt uentenee qh feath uha＀＀ nqt be tefweef qn the bau�u that
auuwte the �nteit�t{ qh the �wf�e�a＀ rtqeeuu, the aeewuef a oethqf qh ezeewt�qn �u �nxa＀�f0 Kn an{ eaue �n wh�eh an
oa{ be feta�nef0 ezeewt�qn oethqf �u fee＀atef �nxa＀�f, the feath uen/
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 65/J, 3;82; afqrtef 3;820 tenee uha＀＀ teoa�n �n hqtee wnt�＀ the uentenee ean be
5
ATVKENG K EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG K

＀awhw＀＀{ ezeewtef b{ an{ xa＀�f oethqf0 Vh�u ueet�qn anf oeet�niu qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ be qren anf
uha＀＀ arr＀{ tettqaet�xe＀{0 nqt�eef au rtqx�fef �n Att�e＀e KKK, Seet�qn 6(e), ezeert
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 5525, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 J0J0T0 ;53, 2223; w�th teureet tq oeet�niu ezeortef rwtuwant tq th�u
afqrtef 22220
ueet�qn qt uree�h�ea＀＀{ e＀quef b{ th�u Eqnut�twt�qn0
SGEVKQP 380 Afo�n�uttat�xe rena＀t�eu0´Pq af/ (e) Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be ue＀h/ezeewt�ni0 Vhe ＀ei�u/
o�n�uttat�xe aiene{, ezeert the Derattoent qh M�＀�tat{ ＀atwte, hqwexet, oa{ rtqx�fe b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw rauuef b{
Ahha�tu �n an arrtqrt�ate＀{ eqnxenef eqwtt/oatt�a＀ aet�qn a twq/th�tfu xqte qh eaeh hqwue hqt the ezeort�qn qh
au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw, uha＀＀ �orque a uentenee qh teeqtfu htqo the teqw�teoentu qh uwbueet�qn (a) anf the
�ort�uqnoent, nqt uha＀＀ �t �orque an{ qthet rena＀t{ ezeort�qn qh oeet�niu htqo the teqw�teoentu qh uwb/
ezeert au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 ueet�qn (b), rtqx�fef that uweh ＀aw uha＀＀ utate w�th
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 uree�h�e�t{ the rwb＀�e neeeuu�t{ �wut�h{�ni the ezeort�qn
35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 anf uha＀＀ be nq btqafet than neeeuuat{ tq aeeqor＀�uh
the utatef rwtrque qh the ＀aw0 Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ enaet
SGEVKQP 3;0 Equtu0´Pq retuqn ehatief w�th ＀awu iqxetn�ni the enhqteeoent qh th�u ueet�qn, �ne＀wf/
et�oe uha＀＀ be eqore＀＀ef tq ra{ equtu behqte a �wfioent �ni the oa�ntenanee, eqnttq＀, feuttwet�qn, f�urqua＀, anf
qh eqnx�et�qn hau beeqoe h�na＀0 f�urqu�t�qn qh teeqtfu oafe rwb＀�e b{ th�u ueet�qn,
ezeert that eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ afqrt
SGEVKQP 220 Vteauqn0´Vteauqn aia�nut the utate tw＀eu iqxetn�ni the enhqteeoent qh th�u ueet�qn �n
uha＀＀ eqnu�ut qn＀{ �n ＀ex{�ni wat aia�nut �t, afhet�ni tq �tu te＀at�qn tq teeqtfu qh the ＀ei�u＀at�xe btaneh0 Nawu
eneo�eu, qt i�x�ni theo a�f anf eqohqtt, anf nq retuqn enaetef rwtuwant tq th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ eqnta�n qn＀{
uha＀＀ be eqnx�etef qh tteauqn ezeert qn the teut�oqn{ qh ezeort�qnu htqo the teqw�teoentu qh uwbueet�qnu (a) qt
twq w�tneuueu tq the uaoe qxett aet qt qn eqnheuu�qn �n (b) anf rtqx�u�qnu iqxetn�ni the enhqteeoent qh th�u
qren eqwtt0 ueet�qn, anf uha＀＀ te＀ate tq qne uwb�eet0
(f) A＀＀ ＀awu that ate �n ehheet qn Jw＀{ 3, 3;;5 that ＀�o�t
SGEVKQP 230 Aeeeuu tq eqwttu0´Vhe eqwttu uha＀＀ rwb＀�e aeeeuu tq teeqtfu qt oeet�niu uha＀＀ teoa�n �n
be qren tq exet{ retuqn hqt tefteuu qh an{ �n�wt{, anf hqtee, anf uweh ＀awu arr＀{ tq teeqtfu qh the ＀ei�u＀at�xe
�wut�ee uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef w�thqwt ua＀e, fen�a＀ qt anf �wf�e�a＀ btaneheu, wnt�＀ the{ ate terea＀ef0 Tw＀eu qh
fe＀a{0 eqwtt that ate �n ehheet qn the fate qh afqrt�qn qh th�u
ueet�qn that ＀�o�t aeeeuu tq teeqtfu uha＀＀ teoa�n �n ehheet
SGEVKQP 220 Vt�a＀ b{ �wt{0´Vhe t�iht qh tt�a＀ b{ wnt�＀ the{ ate terea＀ef0
�wt{ uha＀＀ be ueewte tq a＀＀ anf teoa�n �nx�q＀ate0 Vhe J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt E0S0 hqt J0J0T0'u 3929, 885, 2255, 3;;2; afqrtef
3;;2; Ao0 S0J0T0 3286, 2222; afqrtef 22220
qwa＀�h�eat�qnu anf the nwobet qh �wtqtu, nqt hewet than
u�z, uha＀＀ be h�zef b{ ＀aw0 3 SGEVKQP 250 Vazra{etu' D�＀＀ qh T�ihtu0´D{
SGEVKQP 250 T�iht qh rt�xae{0´Gxet{ natwta＀ ieneta＀ ＀aw the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ rteuet�be anf afqrt a
retuqn hau the t�iht tq be ＀et a＀qne anf htee htqo Vazra{etu' D�＀＀ qh T�ihtu that, �n e＀eat anf eqne�ue
iqxetnoenta＀ �nttwu�qn �ntq the retuqn'u rt�xate ＀�he ＀aniwaie, uetu hqtth tazra{etu' t�ihtu anf teurqnu�b�＀/
ezeert au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef hete�n0 Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ �t�eu anf iqxetnoent'u teurqnu�b�＀�t�eu tq fea＀ ha�t＀{ w�th
nqt be eqnuttwef tq ＀�o�t the rwb＀�e'u t�iht qh aeeeuu tq tazra{etu wnfet the ＀awu qh th�u utate0 Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀
rwb＀�e teeqtfu anf oeet�niu au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 be ehheet�xe Jw＀{ 3, 3;;50
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 589, 3;82; afqrtef 3;82; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ 2, 3;;2, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 9, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;20
Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh 3Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 26 b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 2 qh the
State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, 3;;2, wau tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 25 b{
the ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f eqnhwu�qn w�th ueet�qn 26 au eqnta�nef �n J0J0T0'u 3929,
885, 2255, 3;;20
SGEVKQP 260 Aeeeuu tq rwb＀�e teeqtfu anf
oeet�niu0´
(a) Gxet{ retuqn hau the t�iht tq �nureet qt eqr{ an{ SGEVKQP 280 E＀a�oant'u t�iht tq ha�t eqorenua/
rwb＀�e teeqtf oafe qt teee�xef �n eqnneet�qn w�th the t�qn0´
qhh�e�a＀ bwu�neuu qh an{ rwb＀�e bqf{, qhh�eet, qt eor＀q{ee (a) Att�e＀e K, Seet�qn 28 �u eteatef tq teaf ¬E＀a�/
qh the utate, qt retuqnu aet�ni qn the�t beha＀h, ezeert oant'u t�iht tq ha�t eqorenuat�qn0¹ Kn an{ oef�ea＀
w�th teureet tq teeqtfu ezeortef rwtuwant tq th�u ＀�ab�＀�t{ e＀a�o �nxq＀x�ni a eqnt�niene{ hee, the e＀a�oant
ueet�qn qt uree�h�ea＀＀{ oafe eqnh�fent�a＀ b{ th�u Eqn/ �u ent�t＀ef tq teee�xe nq ＀euu than 92' qh the h�tut
ut�twt�qn0 Vh�u ueet�qn uree�h�ea＀＀{ �ne＀wfeu the ＀ei�u＀a/ &252,222022 �n a＀＀ faoaieu teee�xef b{ the e＀a�oant,
t�xe, ezeewt�xe, anf �wf�e�a＀ btaneheu qh iqxetnoent eze＀wu�xe qh teauqnab＀e anf ewutqoat{ equtu, whethet
anf eaeh aiene{ qt ferattoent eteatef thetewnfet; teee�xef b{ �wfioent, uett＀eoent, qt qthetw�ue, anf
eqwnt�eu, own�e�ra＀�t�eu, anf f�utt�etu; anf eaeh eqn/ teiatf＀euu qh the nwobet qh fehenfantu0 Vhe e＀a�oant �u
ut�twt�qna＀ qhh�eet, bqatf, anf eqoo�uu�qn, qt ent�t{ ent�t＀ef tq ;2' qh a＀＀ faoaieu �n ezeeuu qh
eteatef rwtuwant tq ＀aw qt th�u Eqnut�twt�qn0 &252,222022, eze＀wu�xe qh teauqnab＀e anf ewutqoat{
(b) A＀＀ oeet�niu qh an{ eq＀＀ei�a＀ rwb＀�e bqf{ qh the equtu anf teiatf＀euu qh the nwobet qh fehenfantu0 Vh�u
ezeewt�xe btaneh qh utate iqxetnoent qt qh an{ eq＀＀ei�a＀ rtqx�u�qn �u ue＀h/ezeewt�ni anf fqeu nqt teqw�te �o/
rwb＀�e bqf{ qh a eqwnt{, own�e�ra＀�t{, uehqq＀ f�utt�et, qt r＀eoent�ni ＀ei�u＀at�qn0
uree�a＀ f�utt�et, at wh�eh qhh�e�a＀ aetu ate tq be ta�en qt at (b) Vh�u Aoenfoent uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet qn the fa{
wh�eh rwb＀�e bwu�neuu qh uweh bqf{ �u tq be ttanuaetef hq＀＀qw�ni arrtqxa＀ b{ the xqtetu0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State
qt f�uewuuef, uha＀＀ be qren anf nqt�eef tq the rwb＀�e Serteobet 8, 2225; afqrtef 22260

6
ATVKENG K EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KK

SGEVKQP 290 Matt�aie feh�nef0´Knauoweh au htqo the eqaut＀�ne tq a rq�nt weut qh the oqwth qh the
oatt�aie �u the ＀eia＀ wn�qn qh qn＀{ qne oan anf qne Petf�fq T�xet thtee ＀eaiweu htqo the eqaut＀�ne au
wqoan au hwubanf anf w�he, nq qthet ＀eia＀ wn�qn that �u oeauwtef qn a ＀�ne beat�ni uqwth 2®23Á22ÁÁ weut htqo
tteatef au oatt�aie qt the uwbutant�a＀ eqw�xa＀ent theteqh the rq�nt qh bei�nn�ni; thenee nqtthet＀{ a＀qni ua�f ＀�ne
uha＀＀ be xa＀�f qt teeqin�zef0 tq the rq�nt qh bei�nn�ni0 Vhe State qh H＀qt�fa uha＀＀ a＀uq
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State
Hebtwat{ ;, 2225; afqrtef 22280 �ne＀wfe an{ aff�t�qna＀ tett�tqt{ w�th�n the Wn�tef Stateu
af�aeent tq the Pen�nuw＀a qh H＀qt�fa ＀{�ni uqwth qh the St0
ATVKENG KK Mat{u T�xet, eaut qh the Petf�fq T�xet, anf uqwth qh the
Stateu qh A＀abaoa anf Geqti�a0
GGPGTAN PTQVKSKQPS (b) Vhe eqauta＀ bqwnfat�eu oa{ be eztenfef b{
utatwte tq the ＀�o�tu reto�ttef b{ the ＀awu qh the Wn�tef
See0 Stateu qt �ntetnat�qna＀ ＀aw0

30 State bqwnfat�eu0 SGEVKQP 20 Seat qh iqxetnoent0´Vhe ueat qh

20 Seat qh iqxetnoent0 iqxetnoent uha＀＀ be the E�t{ qh Va＀＀ahauuee, �n Neqn
50 Dtaneheu qh iqxetnoent0 Eqwnt{, whete the qhh�eeu qh the iqxetnqt, ＀�ewtenant
60 State uea＀ anf h＀ai0 iqxetnqt, eab�net oeobetu anf the uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀
50 Pwb＀�e qhh�eetu0 be oa�nta�nef anf the ueuu�qnu qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀
80 Gneo{ attae�0 be he＀f; rtqx�fef that, �n t�oe qh �nxau�qn qt itaxe
90 Patwta＀ teuqwteeu anf ueen�e beawt{0 eoetiene{, the iqxetnqt b{ rtqe＀aoat�qn oa{ hqt the
80 Gth�eu �n iqxetnoent0 ret�qf qh the eoetiene{ ttanuhet the ueat qh iqxetn/
;0 Gni＀�uh �u the qhh�e�a＀ ＀aniwaie qh H＀qt�fa0
oent tq anqthet r＀aee0
SGEVKQP 30 State bqwnfat�eu0´
(a) Vhe utate bqwnfat�eu ate< Dei�n at the oqwth qh SGEVKQP 50 Dtaneheu qh iqxetnoent0´Vhe
the Petf�fq T�xet, wh�eh hqt the rwtrqueu qh th�u rqwetu qh the utate iqxetnoent uha＀＀ be f�x�fef �ntq
feuet�rt�qn �u feh�nef au the rq�nt whete ＀at�twfe ＀ei�u＀at�xe, ezeewt�xe anf �wf�e�a＀ btaneheu0 Pq retuqn
52®38Á55ÁÁ nqtth anf ＀qni�twfe 89®53Á28ÁÁ weut �ntet/ be＀qni�ni tq qne btaneh uha＀＀ ezete�ue an{ rqwetu
ueet; thenee tq the rq�nt whete ＀at�twfe 52®39Á22ÁÁ nqtth arretta�n�ni tq e�thet qh the qthet btaneheu wn＀euu
anf ＀qni�twfe 89®53Á28ÁÁ weut �ntetueet; thenee tq the ezrteuu＀{ rtqx�fef hete�n0
rq�nt whete ＀at�twfe 52®38Á22ÁÁ nqtth anf ＀qni�twfe
89®29Á28ÁÁ weut �ntetueet; thenee tq the rq�nt whete the SGEVKQP 60 State uea＀ anf h＀ai0´Vhe feu�in qh
eentet ＀�ne qh the Knttaeqauta＀ Eana＀ (au the uaoe the iteat uea＀ anf h＀ai qh the utate uha＀＀ be rteuet�bef b{
ez�utef qn Jwne 32, 3;55) anf ＀qni�twfe 89®29Á22ÁÁ ＀aw0
weut �ntetueet; the uaoe be�ni �n the o�ff＀e qh the
Petf�fq T�xet; thenee wr the o�ff＀e qh the Petf�fq T�xet SGEVKQP 50 Pwb＀�e qhh�eetu0´
tq the rq�nt whete �t �ntetueetu the uqwth bqwnfat{ qh the (a) Pq retuqn hq＀f�ni an{ qhh�ee qh eoq＀woent
State qh A＀abaoa, be�ni a＀uq the rq�nt qh �ntetueet�qn qh wnfet an{ hqte�in iqxetnoent, qt e�x�＀ qhh�ee qh eoq＀w/
the o�ff＀e qh the Petf�fq T�xet w�th ＀at�twfe 53®22Á22ÁÁ oent wnfet the Wn�tef Stateu qt an{ qthet utate, uha＀＀
nqtth; thenee eaut, a＀qni the uqwth bqwnfat{ ＀�ne qh the hq＀f an{ qhh�ee qh hqnqt qt qh eoq＀woent wnfet the
State qh A＀abaoa, the uaoe be�ni ＀at�twfe 53®22Á22ÁÁ iqxetnoent qh th�u utate0 Pq retuqn uha＀＀ hq＀f at the
nqtth tq the o�ff＀e qh the Ehattahqqehee T�xet; thenee uaoe t�oe oqte than qne qhh�ee wnfet the iqxetnoent
fqwn the o�ff＀e qh ua�f t�xet tq �tu eqnh＀wenee w�th the qh the utate anf the eqwnt�eu anf own�e�ra＀�t�eu thete�n,
H＀�nt T�xet; thenee �n a utta�iht ＀�ne tq the heaf qh the St0 ezeert that a nqtat{ rwb＀�e qt o�＀�tat{ qhh�eet oa{ hq＀f
Mat{u T�xet; thenee fqwn the o�ff＀e qh ua�f t�xet tq the
anqthet qhh�ee, anf an{ qhh�eet oa{ be a oeobet qh a
At＀ant�e Qeean; thenee fwe eaut tq the efie qh the Gw＀h
eqnut�twt�qn tex�u�qn eqoo�uu�qn, tazat�qn anf bwfiet
Stteao qt a f�utanee qh thtee ieqitarh�e o�＀eu wh�eh/
exet �u the iteatet f�utanee; thenee �n a uqwthet＀{ tehqto eqoo�uu�qn, eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn, qt utatw/
f�teet�qn a＀qni the efie qh the Gw＀h Stteao qt a＀qni a tqt{ bqf{ hax�ni qn＀{ afx�uqt{ rqwetu0
＀�ne thtee ieqitarh�e o�＀eu htqo the At＀ant�e eqaut＀�ne (b) Gaeh utate anf eqwnt{ qhh�eet, behqte entet�ni
anf thtee ＀eaiweu f�utant htqo the Gw＀h qh Mez�eq wrqn the fwt�eu qh the qhh�ee, uha＀＀ i�xe bqnf au teqw�tef
eqaut＀�ne, wh�ehexet �u iteatet, tq anf thtqwih the b{ ＀aw, anf uha＀＀ uweat qt ahh�to<
Stta�tu qh H＀qt�fa anf weutet＀{, �ne＀wf�ni the H＀qt�fa ¬K fq uq＀eon＀{ uweat (qt ahh�to) that K w�＀＀ uwrrqtt,
teehu, tq a rq�nt fwe uqwth qh anf thtee ＀eaiweu htqo the rtqteet, anf fehenf the Eqnut�twt�qn anf Gqxetnoent qh
uqwthetnoqut rq�nt qh the Matqweuau Me{u; thenee the Wn�tef Stateu anf qh the State qh H＀qt�fa; that K ao
weutet＀{ a＀qni a utta�iht ＀�ne tq a rq�nt fwe uqwth qh anf fw＀{ qwa＀�h�ef tq hq＀f qhh�ee wnfet the Eqnut�twt�qn qh the
thtee ＀eaiweu htqo Nqiietheaf Me{, the weutetnoqut utate; anf that K w�＀＀ we＀＀ anf ha�thhw＀＀{ rethqto the fwt�eu
qh the Dt{ Vqttwiau Ku＀anfu; thenee weutet＀{, nqtthet＀{ qh (t�t＀e qh qhh�ee) qn wh�eh K ao nqw abqwt tq entet0 Sq
anf eautet＀{ a＀qni the ate qh a ewtxe thtee ＀eaiweu he＀r oe Gqf0¹,
f�utant htqo Nqiietheaf Me{ tq a rq�nt fwe nqtth qh
Nqiietheaf Me{; thenee nqttheaut a＀qni a utta�iht ＀�ne anf theteahtet uha＀＀ fexqte retuqna＀ attent�qn tq the
tq a rq�nt thtee ＀eaiweu htqo the eqaut＀�ne qh H＀qt�fa; fwt�eu qh the qhh�ee, anf eqnt�nwe �n qhh�ee wnt�＀ a
thenee nqtthet＀{ anf weutet＀{ thtee ＀eaiweu f�utant uweeeuuqt qwa＀�h�eu0
5
ATVKENG KK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KKK

(e) Vhe rqwetu, fwt�eu, eqorenuat�qn anf oethqf bqf{ qt aiene{ qh wh�eh the �nf�x�fwa＀ wau an qhh�eet qt
qh ra{oent qh utate anf eqwnt{ qhh�eetu uha＀＀ be h�zef b{ oeobet hqt a ret�qf qh twq {eatu hq＀＀qw�ni xaeat�qn qh
＀aw0 qhh�ee0 Pq oeobet qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ retuqna＀＀{
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 3838, 3;88; afqrtef 3;88; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn terteuent anqthet retuqn qt ent�t{ hqt eqorenuat�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 fwt�ni teto qh qhh�ee behqte an{ utate aiene{ qthet than
�wf�e�a＀ tt�bwna＀u0 S�o�＀at teutt�et�qnu qn qthet rwb＀�e
SGEVKQP 80 Gneo{ attae�0´Kn ret�qfu qh eoet/ qhh�eetu anf eor＀q{eeu oa{ be eutab＀�uhef b{ ＀aw0
iene{ teuw＀t�ni htqo eneo{ attae� the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ (h) Vhete uha＀＀ be an �nferenfent eqoo�uu�qn tq
haxe rqwet tq rtqx�fe hqt rtqort anf teorqtat{ eqnfwet �nxeut�iat�qnu anf oa�e rwb＀�e terqttu qn a＀＀
uweeeuu�qn tq the rqwetu anf fwt�eu qh a＀＀ rwb＀�e qhh�eeu eqor＀a�ntu eqneetn�ni bteaeh qh rwb＀�e ttwut b{ rwb＀�e
the �newobentu qh wh�eh oa{ beeqoe wnaxa�＀ab＀e tq qhh�eetu qt eor＀q{eeu nqt w�th�n the �wt�uf�et�qn qh the
ezeewte the hwnet�qnu qh the�t qhh�eeu, anf tq afqrt uweh �wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqoo�uu�qn0
qthet oeauwteu au oa{ be neeeuuat{ anf arrtqrt�ate (i) A eqfe qh eth�eu hqt a＀＀ utate eor＀q{eeu anf
tq �nuwte the eqnt�nw�t{ qh iqxetnoenta＀ qretat�qnu nqn�wf�e�a＀ qhh�eetu rtqh�b�t�ni eqnh＀�et between rwb＀�e
fwt�ni the eoetiene{0 Kn ezete�u�ni theue rqwetu, the fwt{ anf rt�xate �nteteutu uha＀＀ be rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0
＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ feratt htqo qthet teqw�teoentu qh th�u (h) Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ nqt be eqnuttwef tq ＀�o�t
eqnut�twt�qn, bwt qn＀{ tq the eztent neeeuuat{ tq oeet f�ue＀quwteu anf rtqh�b�t�qnu wh�eh oa{ be eutab＀�uhef
the eoetiene{0 b{ ＀aw tq rteuetxe the rwb＀�e ttwut anf axq�f eqnh＀�etu
between rwb＀�e fwt�eu anf rt�xate �nteteutu0
SGEVKQP 90 Patwta＀ teuqwteeu anf ueen�e (�) Sehefw＀e´Qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenf/
beawt{0´ oent anf wnt�＀ ehanief b{ ＀aw<
(a) Kt uha＀＀ be the rq＀�e{ qh the utate tq eqnuetxe anf (3) Hw＀＀ anf rwb＀�e f�ue＀quwte qh h�nane�a＀ �nteteutu
rtqteet �tu natwta＀ teuqwteeu anf ueen�e beawt{0 Afe/ uha＀＀ oean h�＀�ni w�th the ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu b{
qwate rtqx�u�qn uha＀＀ be oafe b{ ＀aw hqt the abateoent Jw＀{ 3 qh eaeh {eat a uwqtn utateoent uhqw�ni net
qh a�t anf watet rq＀＀wt�qn anf qh ezeeuu�xe anf wqtth anf �fent�h{�ni eaeh auuet anf ＀�ab�＀�t{ �n ezeeuu
wnneeeuuat{ nq�ue anf hqt the eqnuetxat�qn anf qh &3,222 anf �tu xa＀we tqiethet w�th qne qh the
rtqteet�qn qh natwta＀ teuqwteeu0 hq＀＀qw�ni<
(b) Vhque �n the Gxeti＀afeu Ait�ew＀twta＀ Atea whq a0 A eqr{ qh the retuqn'u oqut teeent hefeta＀
eawue watet rq＀＀wt�qn w�th�n the Gxeti＀afeu Ptqteet�qn �neqoe taz tetwtn; qt
Atea qt the Gxeti＀afeu Ait�ew＀twta＀ Atea uha＀＀ be b0 A uwqtn utateoent wh�eh �fent�h�eu eaeh uera/
rt�oat�＀{ teurqnu�b＀e hqt ra{�ni the equtu qh the abate/ tate uqwtee anf aoqwnt qh �neqoe wh�eh ezeeefu
oent qh that rq＀＀wt�qn0 Hqt the rwtrqueu qh th�u uwbuee/ &3,2220 Vhe hqtou hqt uweh uqwtee f�ue＀quwte anf the
t�qn, the tetou ¬Gxeti＀afeu Ptqteet�qn Atea¹ anf ¬Gxet/ tw＀eu wnfet wh�eh the{ ate tq be h�＀ef uha＀＀ be rteuet�bef
i＀afeu Ait�ew＀twta＀ Atea¹ uha＀＀ haxe the oean�niu au b{ the �nferenfent eqoo�uu�qn eutab＀�uhef �n uwbuee/
feh�nef �n utatwteu �n ehheet qn Janwat{ 3, 3;;80 t�qn (h), anf uweh tw＀eu uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe f�ue＀quwte qh
J�utqt{0´Ao0 b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Mateh 28, ueeqnfat{ uqwteeu qh �neqoe0
3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn
Pq0 5, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 (2) Petuqnu hq＀f�ni utatew�fe e＀eet�xe qhh�eeu uha＀＀
a＀uq h�＀e f�ue＀quwte qh the�t h�nane�a＀ �nteteutu rwtuwant tq
SGEVKQP 80 Gth�eu �n iqxetnoent0´A rwb＀�e uwbueet�qn (�)(3)0
qhh�ee �u a rwb＀�e ttwut0 Vhe reqr＀e uha＀＀ haxe the t�iht (5) Vhe �nferenfent eqoo�uu�qn rtqx�fef hqt �n
tq ueewte anf uwuta�n that ttwut aia�nut abwue0 Vq uwbueet�qn (h) uha＀＀ oean the H＀qt�fa Eqoo�uu�qn qn
auuwte th�u t�iht< Gth�eu0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Jw＀{ 2;,
(a) A＀＀ e＀eetef eqnut�twt�qna＀ qhh�eetu anf eanf�fateu 3;98; afqrtef 3;98; Aou0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn,
hqt uweh qhh�eeu anf, au oa{ be feteto�nef b{ ＀aw, qthet Tex�u�qn Pqu0 8 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8;
afqrtef 3;;80
rwb＀�e qhh�eetu, eanf�fateu, anf eor＀q{eeu uha＀＀ h�＀e hw＀＀
anf rwb＀�e f�ue＀quwte qh the�t h�nane�a＀ �nteteutu0
(b) A＀＀ e＀eetef rwb＀�e qhh�eetu anf eanf�fateu hqt SGEVKQP ;0 Gni＀�uh �u the qhh�e�a＀ ＀aniwaie qh
uweh qhh�eeu uha＀＀ h�＀e hw＀＀ anf rwb＀�e f�ue＀quwte qh the�t H＀qt�fa0´
eaora�in h�naneeu0 (a) Gni＀�uh �u the qhh�e�a＀ ＀aniwaie qh the State qh
(e) An{ rwb＀�e qhh�eet qt eor＀q{ee whq bteaeheu the H＀qt�fa0
rwb＀�e ttwut hqt rt�xate ia�n anf an{ retuqn qt ent�t{ (b) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq enhqtee
�nfwe�ni uweh bteaeh uha＀＀ be ＀�ab＀e tq the utate hqt a＀＀ th�u ueet�qn b{ arrtqrt�ate ＀ei�u＀at�qn0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Awiwut
h�nane�a＀ beneh�tu qbta�nef b{ uweh aet�qnu0 Vhe oannet 8, 3;88; afqrtef 3;880
qh teeqxet{ anf aff�t�qna＀ faoaieu oa{ be rtqx�fef b{
＀aw0 ATVKENG KKK
(f) An{ rwb＀�e qhh�eet qt eor＀q{ee whq �u eqnx�etef
qh a he＀qn{ �nxq＀x�ni a bteaeh qh rwb＀�e ttwut uha＀＀ be NGGKSNAVWTG
uwb�eet tq hqthe�twte qh t�ihtu anf rt�x�＀eieu wnfet a
rwb＀�e tet�teoent u{uteo qt renu�qn r＀an �n uweh See0
oannet au oa{ be rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
(e) Pq oeobet qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte qt utatew�fe 30 Eqorqu�t�qn0
e＀eetef qhh�eet uha＀＀ retuqna＀＀{ terteuent anqthet ret/ 20 Meobetu; qhh�eetu0
uqn qt ent�t{ hqt eqorenuat�qn behqte the iqxetnoent 50 Seuu�qnu qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte0
8
ATVKENG KKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KKK

See0 �nttqfweef b{ eqnuent qh twq/th�tfu qh the oeobetuh�r

qh eaeh hqwue0
60 Swqtwo anf rtqeefwte0 (2) A uree�a＀ ueuu�qn qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ be
50 Knxeut�iat�qnu; w�tneuueu0 eqnxenef au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
80 Nawu0 (f) NGPGVJ QH SGSSKQPS0 A teiw＀at ueuu�qn qh
90 Pauuaie qh b�＀＀u0 the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ nqt ezeeef u�zt{ eqnueewt�xe fa{u,
80 Gzeewt�xe arrtqxa＀ anf xetq0 anf a uree�a＀ ueuu�qn uha＀＀ nqt ezeeef twent{ eqn/
;0 Ghheet�xe fate qh ＀awu0 ueewt�xe fa{u, wn＀euu eztenfef be{qnf uweh ＀�o�t b{ a
320 Sree�a＀ ＀awu0 thtee/h�hthu xqte qh eaeh hqwue0 Dwt�ni uweh an ezten/
330 Ptqh�b�tef uree�a＀ ＀awu0 u�qn nq new bwu�neuu oa{ be ta�en wr �n e�thet hqwue
320 Arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀u0 w�thqwt the eqnuent qh twq/th�tfu qh �tu oeobetuh�r0
350 Veto qh qhh�ee0 (e) ADJQWTPMGPV0 Pe�thet hqwue uha＀＀ af�qwtn
360 E�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteo0 hqt oqte than uexent{/twq eqnueewt�xe hqwtu ezeert
350 Vetou anf qwa＀�h�eat�qnu qh ＀ei�u＀atqtu0 rwtuwant tq eqnewttent teuq＀wt�qn0
380 Nei�u＀at�xe arrqtt�qnoent0 (h) ADJQWTPMGPV DY GQVGTPQT0 Kh, fwt�ni
390 Koreaehoent0 an{ teiw＀at qt uree�a＀ ueuu�qn, the twq hqwueu eannqt
380 Eqnh＀�et qh Knteteut0 aitee wrqn a t�oe hqt af�qwtnoent, the iqxetnqt oa{
3;0 State Dwfiet�ni, P＀ann�ni anf Arrtqrt�at�qnu af�qwtn the ueuu�qn u�ne f�e qt tq an{ fate w�th�n the
Ptqeeuueu0 ret�qf awthqt�zef hqt uweh ueuu�qn; rtqx�fef that, at
220 Stanfatfu hqt eutab＀�uh�ni eqniteuu�qna＀ f�utt�et ＀eaut twent{/hqwt hqwtu behqte af�qwtn�ni the ueuu�qn,
bqwnfat�eu0 anf wh�＀e ne�thet hqwue �u �n teeeuu, eaeh hqwue uha＀＀
230 Stanfatfu hqt eutab＀�uh�ni ＀ei�u＀at�xe f�utt�et be i�xen hqtoa＀ wt�tten nqt�ee qh the iqxetnqt'u �ntent�qn
bqwnfat�eu0 tq fq uq, anf aiteeoent teaehef w�th�n that ret�qf b{
bqth hqwueu qn a t�oe hqt af�qwtnoent uha＀＀ rtexa�＀0
SGEVKQP 30 Eqorqu�t�qn0´Vhe ＀ei�u＀at�xe rqwet J�utqt{0´Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 582, 3;8;; afqrtef 3;;2; Ao0 S0J0T0 2828, 3;;6;
afqrtef 3;;6; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
qh the utate uha＀＀ be xeutef �n a ＀ei�u＀atwte qh the State qh 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
H＀qt�fa, eqnu�ut�ni qh a uenate eqorquef qh qne uenatqt
e＀eetef htqo eaeh uenatqt�a＀ f�utt�et anf a hqwue qh SGEVKQP 60 Swqtwo anf rtqeefwte0´
terteuentat�xeu eqorquef qh qne oeobet e＀eetef htqo (a) A oa�qt�t{ qh the oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue uha＀＀
eaeh terteuentat�xe f�utt�et0 eqnut�twte a qwqtwo, bwt a uoa＀＀et nwobet oa{ af�qwtn
htqo fa{ tq fa{ anf eqore＀ the rteuenee qh abuent
SGEVKQP 20 Meobetu; qhh�eetu0´Gaeh hqwue oeobetu �n uweh oannet anf wnfet uweh rena＀t�eu au �t
uha＀＀ be the uq＀e �wfie qh the qwa＀�h�eat�qnu, e＀eet�qnu, oa{ rteuet�be0 Gaeh hqwue uha＀＀ feteto�ne �tu tw＀eu qh
anf tetwtnu qh �tu oeobetu, anf uha＀＀ b�enn�a＀＀{ ehqque rtqeefwte0
�tu qhh�eetu, �ne＀wf�ni a retoanent rteu�f�ni qhh�eet (b) Seuu�qnu qh eaeh hqwue uha＀＀ be rwb＀�e; ezeert
ue＀eetef htqo �tu oeobetuh�r, whq uha＀＀ be feu�inatef ueuu�qnu qh the uenate when eqnu�fet�ni arrq�ntoent
�n the uenate au Pteu�fent qh the Senate, anf �n the tq qt teoqxa＀ htqo rwb＀�e qhh�ee oa{ be e＀quef0
hqwue au Srea�et qh the Jqwue qh Terteuentat�xeu0 Vhe (e) Gaeh hqwue uha＀＀ �eer anf rwb＀�uh a �qwtna＀ qh �tu
uenate uha＀＀ feu�inate a Seetetat{ tq uetxe at �tu rtqeeef�niu; anf wrqn the teqweut qh h�xe oeobetu
r＀eauwte, anf the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu uha＀＀ rteuent, the xqte qh eaeh oeobet xqt�ni qn an{
feu�inate a E＀et� tq uetxe at �tu r＀eauwte0 Vhe qweut�qn uha＀＀ be entetef qn the �qwtna＀0 Kn an{
＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ arrq�nt an awf�tqt tq uetxe at �tu ＀ei�u＀at�xe eqoo�ttee qt uwbeqoo�ttee, the xqte qh
r＀eauwte whq uha＀＀ awf�t rwb＀�e teeqtfu anf rethqto eaeh oeobet xqt�ni qn the h�na＀ rauuaie qh an{
te＀atef fwt�eu au rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw qt eqnewttent ＀ei�u＀at�qn renf�ni behqte the eqoo�ttee, anf wrqn
teuq＀wt�qn0 the teqweut qh an{ twq oeobetu qh the eqoo�ttee qt
uwbeqoo�ttee, the xqte qh eaeh oeobet qn an{ qthet
SGEVKQP 50 Seuu�qnu qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte0´ qweut�qn, uha＀＀ be teeqtfef0
(a) QTGAPK\AVKQP SGSSKQPS0 Qn the hqwt/ (f) Gaeh hqwue oa{ rwn�uh a oeobet hqt eqnteort
teenth fa{ hq＀＀qw�ni eaeh ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn the ＀ei�u＀a/ qt f�uqtfet＀{ eqnfwet anf, b{ a twq/th�tfu xqte qh �tu
twte uha＀＀ eqnxene hqt the eze＀wu�xe rwtrque qh qtian�/ oeobetuh�r, oa{ ezre＀ a oeobet0
zat�qn anf ue＀eet�qn qh qhh�eetu0 (e) Vhe tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte qh eaeh hqwue uha＀＀
(b) TGGWNAT SGSSKQPS0 A teiw＀at ueuu�qn qh rtqx�fe that a＀＀ ＀ei�u＀at�xe eqoo�ttee anf uwbeqoo�ttee
the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ eqnxene qn the h�tut Vweufa{ ahtet oeet�niu qh eaeh hqwue, anf �q�nt eqnhetenee eqoo�t/
the h�tut Mqnfa{ �n Mateh qh eaeh qff/nwobetef {eat, tee oeet�niu, uha＀＀ be qren anf nqt�eef tq the rwb＀�e0
anf qn the h�tut Vweufa{ ahtet the h�tut Mqnfa{ �n Mateh, Vhe tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte qh eaeh hqwue uha＀＀ hwtthet
qt uweh qthet fate au oa{ be h�zef b{ ＀aw, qh eaeh exen/ rtqx�fe that a＀＀ rteattanief iathet�niu, between oqte
nwobetef {eat0 than twq oeobetu qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte, qt between the
(e) SPGEKAN SGSSKQPS0 iqxetnqt, the rteu�fent qh the uenate, qt the urea�et qh
(3) Vhe iqxetnqt, b{ rtqe＀aoat�qn utat�ni the rwt/ the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu, the rwtrque qh wh�eh �u tq
rque, oa{ eqnxene the ＀ei�u＀atwte �n uree�a＀ ueuu�qn aitee wrqn hqtoa＀ ＀ei�u＀at�xe aet�qn that w�＀＀ be ta�en at
fwt�ni wh�eh qn＀{ uweh ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwu�neuu oa{ be a uwbueqwent t�oe, qt at wh�eh hqtoa＀ ＀ei�u＀at�xe aet�qn
ttanuaetef au �u w�th�n the rwtx�ew qh the rtqe＀aoat�qn, �u ta�en, teiatf�ni renf�ni ＀ei�u＀at�qn qt aoenfoentu,
qt qh a eqoown�eat�qn htqo the iqxetnqt, qt �u uha＀＀ be teauqnab＀{ qren tq the rwb＀�e0 A＀＀ qren
9
ATVKENG KKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KKK

oeet�niu uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq qtfet anf feeqtwo0 Vh�u oqte than th�tt{ fa{u, the iqxetnqt uha＀＀ haxe h�hteen
ueet�qn uha＀＀ be �or＀eoentef anf feh�nef b{ the tw＀eu qh eqnueewt�xe fa{u htqo the fate qh rteuentat�qn tq aet qn
eaeh hqwue, anf uweh tw＀eu uha＀＀ eqnttq＀ afo�uu�qn tq the b�＀＀0 Kn a＀＀ eaueu ezeert ieneta＀ arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀u,
the h＀qqt qh eaeh ＀ei�u＀at�xe ehaobet anf oa{, whete the xetq uha＀＀ eztenf tq the ent�te b�＀＀0 Vhe iqxetnqt oa{
teauqnab＀{ neeeuuat{ hqt ueewt�t{ rwtrqueu qt tq xetq an{ uree�h�e arrtqrt�at�qn �n a ieneta＀ arrtqrt�a/
rtqteet a w�tneuu arreat�ni behqte a eqoo�ttee, t�qn b�＀＀, bwt oa{ nqt xetq an{ qwa＀�h�eat�qn qt teutt�et�qn
rtqx�fe hqt the e＀quwte qh eqoo�ttee oeet�niu0 Gaeh w�thqwt a＀uq xetq�ni the arrtqrt�at�qn tq wh�eh �t te＀ateu0
hqwue uha＀＀ be the uq＀e �wfie hqt the �ntetrtetat�qn, (b) Yhen a b�＀＀ qt an{ uree�h�e arrtqrt�at�qn qh a
�or＀eoentat�qn, anf enhqteeoent qh th�u ueet�qn0 ieneta＀ arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀ hau been xetqef, the iqxetnqt
J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0'u 3;;2, 2, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;20 uha＀＀ ttanuo�t u�inef qb�eet�qnu thetetq tq the hqwue �n
wh�eh the b�＀＀ qt�i�natef �h �n ueuu�qn0 Kh that hqwue �u nqt
SGEVKQP 50 Knxeut�iat�qnu; w�tneuueu0´Gaeh �n ueuu�qn, the iqxetnqt uha＀＀ h�＀e theo w�th the
hqwue, when �n ueuu�qn, oa{ eqore＀ attenfanee qh ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu, whq uha＀＀ ＀a{ theo behqte
w�tneuueu anf rtqfwet�qn qh fqewoentu anf qthet that hqwue at �tu nezt teiw＀at qt uree�a＀ ueuu�qn,
ex�fenee wrqn an{ oattet wnfet �nxeut�iat�qn behqte wh�ehexet qeewtu h�tut, anf the{ uha＀＀ be entetef qn
�t qt an{ qh �tu eqoo�tteeu, anf oa{ rwn�uh b{ h�ne nqt �tu �qwtna＀0 Kh the qt�i�nat�ni hqwue xqteu tq te/enaet a
ezeeef�ni qne thqwuanf fq＀＀atu qt �ort�uqnoent nqt xetqef oeauwte, whethet �n a teiw＀at qt uree�a＀
ezeeef�ni n�net{ fa{u, qt bqth, an{ retuqn nqt a ueuu�qn, anf the qthet hqwue fqeu nqt eqnu�fet qt
oeobet whq hau been iw�＀t{ qh f�uqtfet＀{ qt eqnteor/ ha�＀u tq te/enaet the xetqef oeauwte, nq hwtthet
twqwu eqnfwet �n �tu rteuenee qt hau tehwuef tq qbe{ �tu eqnu�fetat�qn b{ e�thet hqwue at an{ uwbueqwent
＀awhw＀ uwooqnu qt tq anuwet ＀awhw＀ qweut�qnu0 Sweh ueuu�qn oa{ be ta�en0 Kh a xetqef oeauwte �u rteuentef
rqwetu, ezeert the rqwet tq rwn�uh, oa{ be eqnhettef at a uree�a＀ ueuu�qn anf the qt�i�nat�ni hqwue fqeu nqt
b{ ＀aw wrqn eqoo�tteeu when the ＀ei�u＀atwte �u nqt �n eqnu�fet �t, the oeauwte w�＀＀ be axa�＀ab＀e hqt eqnu�feta/
ueuu�qn0 Pwn�uhoent qh eqnteort qh an �ntet�o ＀ei�u＀a/ t�qn at an{ �ntetxen�ni uree�a＀ ueuu�qn anf wnt�＀ the enf
t�xe eqoo�ttee uha＀＀ be b{ �wf�e�a＀ rtqeeef�niu au qh the nezt teiw＀at ueuu�qn0
rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0 (e) Kh eaeh hqwue uha＀＀, b{ a twq/th�tfu xqte, te/enaet
the b�＀＀ qt te�nutate the xetqef uree�h�e arrtqrt�at�qn qh a
SGEVKQP 80 Nawu0´Gxet{ ＀aw uha＀＀ eobtaee bwt ieneta＀ arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀, the xqte qh eaeh oeobet
qne uwb�eet anf oattet rtqret＀{ eqnneetef thetew�th, xqt�ni uha＀＀ be entetef qn the teureet�xe �qwtna＀u, anf
anf the uwb�eet uha＀＀ be bt�eh＀{ ezrteuuef �n the t�t＀e0 Pq the b�＀＀ uha＀＀ beeqoe ＀aw qt the uree�h�e arrtqrt�at�qn
＀aw uha＀＀ be tex�uef qt aoenfef b{ tehetenee tq �tu t�t＀e te�nutatef, the xetq nqtw�thutanf�ni0
J�utqt{0´Aou0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0
qn＀{0 Nawu tq tex�ue qt aoenf uha＀＀ uet qwt �n hw＀＀ the 8 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
tex�uef qt aoenfef aet, ueet�qn, uwbueet�qn qt rata/
itarh qh a uwbueet�qn0 Vhe enaet�ni e＀awue qh exet{ ＀aw SGEVKQP ;0 Ghheet�xe fate qh ＀awu0´Gaeh ＀aw
uha＀＀ teaf< ¬De Kt Gnaetef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte qh the State uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet qn the u�zt�eth fa{ ahtet af�qwtnoent
qh H＀qt�fa<¹0 u�ne f�e qh the ueuu�qn qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte �n wh�eh
enaetef qt au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef thete�n0 Kh the ＀aw �u
SGEVKQP 90 Pauuaie qh b�＀＀u0´An{ b�＀＀ oa{ rauuef qxet the xetq qh the iqxetnqt �t uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet
qt�i�nate �n e�thet hqwue anf ahtet rauuaie �n qne qn the u�zt�eth fa{ ahtet af�qwtnoent u�ne f�e qh the
oa{ be aoenfef �n the qthet0 Kt uha＀＀ be teaf �n eaeh ueuu�qn �n wh�eh the xetq �u qxett�ffen, qn a ＀atet fate
hqwue qn thtee ueratate fa{u, wn＀euu th�u tw＀e �u wa�xef h�zef �n the ＀aw, qt qn a fate h�zef b{ teuq＀wt�qn rauuef
b{ twq/th�tfu xqte; rtqx�fef the rwb＀�eat�qn qh �tu t�t＀e �n b{ bqth hqwueu qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte0
the �qwtna＀ qh a hqwue uha＀＀ uat�uh{ the teqw�teoent hqt
the h�tut teaf�ni �n that hqwue0 Qn eaeh teaf�ni, �t uha＀＀ SGEVKQP 320 Sree�a＀ ＀awu0´Pq uree�a＀ ＀aw uha＀＀
be teaf b{ t�t＀e qn＀{, wn＀euu qne/th�tf qh the oeobetu be rauuef wn＀euu nqt�ee qh �ntent�qn tq uee� enaetoent
rteuent feu�te �t teaf �n hw＀＀0 Qn h�na＀ rauuaie, the xqte theteqh hau been rwb＀�uhef �n the oannet rtqx�fef b{
qh eaeh oeobet xqt�ni uha＀＀ be entetef qn the �qwtna＀0 ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Sweh nqt�ee uha＀＀ nqt be neeeuuat{ when
Pauuaie qh a b�＀＀ uha＀＀ teqw�te a oa�qt�t{ xqte �n eaeh the ＀aw, ezeert the rtqx�u�qn hqt tehetenfwo, �u eqnf�/
hqwue0 Gaeh b�＀＀ anf �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn rauuef �n bqth t�qnef tq beeqoe ehheet�xe qn＀{ wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{ xqte qh
hqwueu uha＀＀ be u�inef b{ the rteu�f�ni qhh�eetu qh the the e＀eetqtu qh the atea ahheetef0
teureet�xe hqwueu anf b{ the ueetetat{ qh the uenate
anf the e＀et� qh the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu fwt�ni the SGEVKQP 330 Ptqh�b�tef uree�a＀ ＀awu0´
ueuu�qn qt au uqqn au rtaet�eab＀e ahtet �tu af�qwtnoent (a) Vhete uha＀＀ be nq uree�a＀ ＀aw qt ieneta＀ ＀aw qh
u�ne f�e0 ＀qea＀ arr＀�eat�qn retta�n�ni tq<
J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 356;, 3;82; afqrtef 3;820 (3) e＀eet�qn, �wt�uf�et�qn qt fwt�eu qh qhh�eetu, ezeert
qhh�eetu qh own�e�ra＀�t�eu, ehattetef eqwnt�eu, uree�a＀
SGEVKQP 80 Gzeewt�xe arrtqxa＀ anf xetq0´ f�utt�etu qt ＀qea＀ iqxetnoenta＀ aiene�eu;
(a) Gxet{ b�＀＀ rauuef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ be (2) auueuuoent qt eq＀＀eet�qn qh tazeu hqt utate qt
rteuentef tq the iqxetnqt hqt arrtqxa＀ anf uha＀＀ eqwnt{ rwtrqueu, �ne＀wf�ni eztenu�qn qh t�oe thetehqt,
beeqoe a ＀aw �h the iqxetnqt arrtqxeu anf u�inu �t, te＀�eh qh taz qhh�eetu htqo fwe rethqtoanee qh the�t
qt ha�＀u tq xetq �t w�th�n uexen eqnueewt�xe fa{u ahtet fwt�eu, anf te＀�eh qh the�t uwtet�eu htqo ＀�ab�＀�t{;
rteuentat�qn0 Kh fwt�ni that ret�qf qt qn the uexenth fa{ (5) tw＀eu qh ex�fenee �n an{ eqwtt;
the ＀ei�u＀atwte af�qwtnu u�ne f�e qt ta�eu a teeeuu qh (6) rwn�uhoent hqt et�oe;
8
ATVKENG KKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KKK

(5) ret�t �wt�eu, �ne＀wf�ni eqorenuat�qn qh �wtqtu, neeeuuat{ tq rteuet�be the qwa＀�h�eat�qnu, oethqf qh
ezeert eutab＀�uhoent qh �wt{ eqoo�uu�qnu; ue＀eet�qn anf tenwte qh uweh eor＀q{eeu anf qhh�eetu0
(8) ehanie qh e�x�＀ qt et�o�na＀ xenwe;
(9) eqnf�t�qnu rteeefent tq bt�ni�ni an{ e�x�＀ qt SGEVKQP 350 Vetou anf qwa＀�h�eat�qnu qh ＀ei�u/
et�o�na＀ rtqeeef�niu, qt ＀�o�tat�qnu qh t�oe thetehqt; ＀atqtu0´
(8) tehwnf qh oqne{ ＀eia＀＀{ ra�f qt teo�uu�qn qh (a) SGPAVQTS0 Senatqtu uha＀＀ be e＀eetef hqt
h�neu, rena＀t�eu qt hqthe�twteu; tetou qh hqwt {eatu, thque htqo qff/nwobetef f�utt�etu
(;) eteat�qn, enhqteeoent, eztenu�qn qt �ora�toent �n the {eatu the nwobetu qh wh�eh ate ow＀t�r＀eu qh hqwt
qh ＀�enu bauef qn rt�xate eqnttaetu, qt h�z�ni qh �nteteut anf thque htqo exen/nwobetef f�utt�etu �n exen/nwo/
tateu qn rt�xate eqnttaetu; betef {eatu the nwobetu qh wh�eh ate nqt ow＀t�r＀eu qh
(32) f�urqua＀ qh rwb＀�e rtqrett{, �ne＀wf�ni an{ �nteteut hqwt; ezeert, at the e＀eet�qn nezt hq＀＀qw�ni a tearrqtt�qn/
thete�n, hqt rt�xate rwtrqueu; oent, uqoe uenatqtu uha＀＀ be e＀eetef hqt tetou qh twq
(33) xaeat�qn qh tqafu; {eatu when neeeuuat{ tq oa�nta�n utaiietef tetou0
(32) rt�xate �neqtrqtat�qn qt itant qh rt�x�＀eie tq a (b) TGPTGSGPVAVKVGS0 Meobetu qh the hqwue
rt�xate eqtrqtat�qn; qh terteuentat�xeu uha＀＀ be e＀eetef hqt tetou qh twq
(35) ehheetwat�qn qh �nxa＀�f feefu, w�＀＀u qt qthet {eatu �n eaeh exen/nwobetef {eat0
�nuttwoentu, qt ehanie �n the ＀aw qh feueent; (e) SWANKHKEAVKQPS0 Gaeh ＀ei�u＀atqt uha＀＀ be at
(36) ehanie qh naoe qh an{ retuqn; ＀eaut twent{/qne {eatu qh aie, an e＀eetqt anf teu�fent qh
(35) f�xqtee; the f�utt�et htqo wh�eh e＀eetef anf uha＀＀ haxe teu�fef �n
(38) ＀ei�t�oat�qn qt afqrt�qn qh retuqnu; the utate hqt a ret�qf qh twq {eatu rt�qt tq e＀eet�qn0
(39) te＀�eh qh o�nqtu htqo ＀eia＀ f�uab�＀�t�eu; (f) ASSWMKPG QHHKEG; VAEAPEKGS0 Meobetu
(38) ttanuhet qh an{ rtqrett{ �nteteut qh retuqnu wnfet qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ ta�e qhh�ee wrqn e＀eet�qn0
＀eia＀ f�uab�＀�t�eu qt qh eutateu qh feeefentu; Vaeane�eu �n ＀ei�u＀at�xe qhh�ee uha＀＀ be h�＀＀ef qn＀{ b{
(3;) hwnt�ni qt hteuh watet h�uh�ni; e＀eet�qn au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
(22) teiw＀at�qn qh qeewrat�qnu wh�eh ate teiw＀atef b{
a utate aiene{; qt SGEVKQP 380 Nei�u＀at�xe arrqtt�qnoent0´
3(23) an{ uwb�eet when rtqh�b�tef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw (a) SGPAVQTKAN APD TGPTGSGPVAVKVG DKS/
rauuef b{ a thtee/h�hthu xqte qh the oeobetuh�r qh VTKEVS0 Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte at �tu teiw＀at ueuu�qn �n the
eaeh hqwue0 Sweh ＀aw oa{ be aoenfef qt terea＀ef b{ ueeqnf {eat hq＀＀qw�ni eaeh feeenn�a＀ eenuwu, b{ �q�nt
＀��e xqte0 teuq＀wt�qn, uha＀＀ arrqtt�qn the utate �n aeeqtfanee w�th
(b) Kn the enaetoent qh ieneta＀ ＀awu qn qthet the eqnut�twt�qn qh the utate anf qh the Wn�tef Stateu �ntq
uwb�eetu, rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qnu qt qthet iqxetnoenta＀ nqt ＀euu than th�tt{ nqt oqte than hqtt{ eqnueewt�xe＀{
ent�t�eu oa{ be e＀auu�h�ef qn＀{ qn a bau�u teauqnab＀{ nwobetef uenatqt�a＀ f�utt�etu qh e�thet eqnt�iwqwu,
te＀atef tq the uwb�eet qh the ＀aw0 qxet＀arr�ni qt �fent�ea＀ tett�tqt{, anf �ntq nqt ＀euu
3Pqte0´See the hq＀＀qw�ni hqt rtqh�b�tef uwb�eet oattetu affef wnfet the

awthqt�t{ qh th�u rataitarh< than e�iht{ nqt oqte than qne hwnftef twent{ eqn/
u0 332089, H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq rtqteet�qn qh rwb＀�e eor＀q{ee tet�teoent beneh�tu)0 ueewt�xe＀{ nwobetef terteuentat�xe f�utt�etu qh e�thet
u0 32303;3, H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq utate/afo�n�utetef qt uwrrqttef tet�teoent
u{uteou)0
eqnt�iwqwu, qxet＀arr�ni qt �fent�ea＀ tett�tqt{0 Shqw＀f
u0 365038, H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq eqorenuat�qn qh feu�inatef eqwnt{ qhh�e�a＀u)0 that ueuu�qn af�qwtn w�thqwt afqrt�ni uweh �q�nt teuq＀w/
u0 38;0253(2), H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq �nferenfent uree�a＀ f�utt�etu)0
u0 3;2026;, H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq the eteat�qn qh �nferenfent uree�a＀ f�utt�etu
t�qn, the iqxetnqt b{ rtqe＀aoat�qn uha＀＀ teeqnxene the
hax�ni the rqwetu enwoetatef �n twq qt oqte qh the rataitarhu qh u0 3;20232, H0S0)0 ＀ei�u＀atwte w�th�n th�tt{ fa{u �n uree�a＀ arrqtt�qnoent
u0 2350865, H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq the oaz�owo tate qh �nteteut qn bqnfu)0
u0 2;8098(3), H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq the itant qh awthqt�t{, rqwet, t�ihtu, qt rt�x�＀eieu
ueuu�qn wh�eh uha＀＀ nqt ezeeef th�tt{ eqnueewt�xe fa{u,
tq a watet eqnttq＀ f�utt�et hqtoef rwtuwant tq eh0 2;8, H0S0)0 fwt�ni wh�eh nq qthet bwu�neuu uha＀＀ be ttanuaetef, anf
u0 5950525(2)(b), H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq a＀＀qeat�qn qh o�＀＀aie hqt watet oanaieoent �t uha＀＀ be the oanfatqt{ fwt{ qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte tq afqrt
rwtrqueu)0
u0 3233099, H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq tazat�qn hqt uehqq＀ rwtrqueu anf the H＀qt�fa a �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn qh arrqtt�qnoent0
Gfweat�qn H�nanee Ptqitao)0 (b) HAKNWTG QH NGGKSNAVWTG VQ APPQTVKQP;
u0 3235059(5), H0S0 (Petta�n�ni tq the ¬State Wn�hqto Dw�＀f�ni Eqfe hqt Pwb＀�e
Gfweat�qna＀ Hae�＀�t�eu Eqnuttwet�qn¹)0 JWDKEKAN TGAPPQTVKQPMGPV0 Kn the exent a
uree�a＀ arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qn qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte h�na＀＀{
SGEVKQP 320 Arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀u0´Nawu oa��ni af�qwtnu w�thqwt afqrt�ni a �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn qh arrqt/
arrtqrt�at�qnu hqt ua＀at�eu qh rwb＀�e qhh�eetu anf qthet t�qnoent, the attqtne{ ieneta＀ uha＀＀, w�th�n h�xe fa{u,
ewttent ezrenueu qh the utate uha＀＀ eqnta�n rtqx�u�qnu qn ret�t�qn the uwrteoe eqwtt qh the utate tq oa�e uweh
nq qthet uwb�eet0 arrqtt�qnoent0 Pq ＀atet than the u�zt�eth fa{ ahtet the
h�＀�ni qh uweh ret�t�qn, the uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀ h�＀e w�th
SGEVKQP 350 Veto qh qhh�ee0´Pq qhh�ee uha＀＀ be the ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu an qtfet oa��ni uweh
eteatef the teto qh wh�eh uha＀＀ ezeeef hqwt {eatu ezeert arrqtt�qnoent0
au rtqx�fef hete�n0 (e) JWDKEKAN TGVKGY QH APPQTVKQPMGPV0
Y�th�n h�hteen fa{u ahtet the rauuaie qh the �q�nt
SGEVKQP 360 E�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteo0´D{ ＀aw thete teuq＀wt�qn qh arrqtt�qnoent, the attqtne{ ieneta＀ uha＀＀
uha＀＀ be eteatef a e�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteo hqt utate eor＀q{/ ret�t�qn the uwrteoe eqwtt qh the utate hqt a fee＀atatqt{
eeu, ezeert thque ezrteuu＀{ ezeortef, anf thete oa{ �wfioent feteto�n�ni the xa＀�f�t{ qh the arrqtt�qnoent0
be eteatef e�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteou anf bqatfu hqt eqwnt{, Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt, �n aeeqtfanee w�th �tu tw＀eu, uha＀＀
f�utt�et qt own�e�ra＀ eor＀q{eeu anf hqt uweh qhh�eeu reto�t afxetuat{ �nteteutu tq rteuent the�t x�ewu anf,
theteqh au ate nqt e＀eetef qt arrq�ntef b{ the iqxetnqt, w�th�n th�tt{ fa{u htqo the h�＀�ni qh the ret�t�qn, uha＀＀
anf thete oa{ be awthqt�zef uweh bqatfu au ate entet �tu �wfioent0
;
ATVKENG KKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KKK

(f) GHHGEV QH JWDGMGPV KP APPQTVKQP/ the uenate, oa{ �ne＀wfe f�uqwa＀�h�eat�qn tq hq＀f an{
MGPV; GZVTAQTDKPATY APPQTVKQPMGPV SGS/ qhh�ee qh hqnqt, ttwut qt rtqh�t0 Eqnx�et�qn qt aeqw�tta＀
SKQP0 A �wfioent qh the uwrteoe eqwtt qh the utate uha＀＀ nqt ahheet the e�x�＀ qt et�o�na＀ teurqnu�b�＀�t{ qh the
feteto�n�ni the arrqtt�qnoent tq be xa＀�f uha＀＀ be qhh�eet0
b�nf�ni wrqn a＀＀ the e�t�zenu qh the utate0 Shqw＀f the J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 65;, 3;89; afqrtef 3;88; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
uwrteoe eqwtt feteto�ne that the arrqtt�qnoent oafe 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte �u �nxa＀�f, the iqxetnqt b{ rtqe＀aoa/
t�qn uha＀＀ teeqnxene the ＀ei�u＀atwte w�th�n h�xe fa{u 3SGEVKQP 380 Eqnh＀�et qh Knteteut0´A eqfe qh
theteahtet �n ezttaqtf�nat{ arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qn wh�eh eth�eu hqt a＀＀ utate eor＀q{eeu anf nqn�wf�e�a＀ qhh�eetu
uha＀＀ nqt ezeeef h�hteen fa{u, fwt�ni wh�eh the ＀ei�u/ rtqh�b�t�ni eqnh＀�et between rwb＀�e fwt{ anf rt�xate
＀atwte uha＀＀ afqrt a �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn qh arrqtt�qnoent �nteteutu uha＀＀ be rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0
eqnhqto�ni tq the �wfioent qh the uwrteoe eqwtt0 J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
(e) GZVTAQTDKPATY APPQTVKQPMGPV SGS/ 3Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn wau terea＀ef ehheet�xe Janwat{ 5, 3;;;, b{ Ao0 rtqrquef

SKQP; TGVKGY QH APPQTVKQPMGPV0 Y�th�n h�h/ b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the
teen fa{u ahtet the af�qwtnoent qh an ezttaqtf�nat{ Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 See u0 5(e), Att0 ZK, State
Eqnut�twt�qn, hqt eqnut�twt�qna＀ ehheet�xe fate0 Kfent�ea＀ ＀aniwaie tq u0 38, Att0 KKK,
arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qn, the attqtne{ ieneta＀ uha＀＀ h�＀e a State Eqnut�twt�qn, wau enaetef �n u0 8(i), Att0 KK, State Eqnut�twt�qn, b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0
ret�t�qn �n the uwrteoe eqwtt qh the utate uett�ni hqtth the 35, 3;;80
arrqtt�qnoent teuq＀wt�qn afqrtef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte, qt
�h nqne hau been afqrtef terqtt�ni that haet tq the eqwtt0 SGEVKQP 3;0 State Dwfiet�ni, P＀ann�ni anf
Eqnu�fetat�qn qh the xa＀�f�t{ qh a �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn qh Arrtqrt�at�qnu Ptqeeuueu0´
arrqtt�qnoent uha＀＀ be haf au rtqx�fef hqt �n eaueu qh (a) APPWAN DWDGGVKPG0
uweh �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn afqrtef at a teiw＀at qt uree�a＀ (3) Geneta＀ ＀aw uha＀＀ rteuet�be the afqrt�qn qh
arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qn0 annwa＀ utate bwfietat{ anf r＀ann�ni rtqeeuueu anf
(h) JWDKEKAN TGAPPQTVKQPMGPV0 Shqw＀f an teqw�te that feta�＀ teh＀eet�ni the annwa＀�zef equtu qh the
ezttaqtf�nat{ arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qn ha�＀ tq afqrt a utate bwfiet anf teh＀eet�ni the nqnteewtt�ni equtu qh the
teuq＀wt�qn qh arrqtt�qnoent qt uhqw＀f the uwrteoe eqwtt bwfiet teqweutu uha＀＀ aeeqoran{ utate ferattoent anf
feteto�ne that the arrqtt�qnoent oafe �u �nxa＀�f, the aiene{ ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet teqweutu, the iqxetnqt'u
eqwtt uha＀＀, nqt ＀atet than u�zt{ fa{u ahtet teee�x�ni the teeqooenfef bwfiet, anf arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀u0
ret�t�qn qh the attqtne{ ieneta＀, h�＀e w�th the ewutqf�an qh (2) Wn＀euu arrtqxef b{ a thtee/h�hthu xqte qh the
utate teeqtfu an qtfet oa��ni uweh arrqtt�qnoent0 oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue, arrtqrt�at�qnu oafe hqt
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8, teewtt�ni rwtrqueu htqo nqnteewtt�ni ieneta＀ texenwe
3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
hwnfu hqt an{ h�uea＀ {eat uha＀＀ nqt ezeeef thtee reteent
SGEVKQP 390 Koreaehoent0´ qh the tqta＀ ieneta＀ texenwe hwnfu eut�oatef tq be
(a) Vhe iqxetnqt, ＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt, oeobetu qh axa�＀ab＀e at the t�oe uweh arrtqrt�at�qn �u oafe0
the eab�net, �wut�eeu qh the uwrteoe eqwtt, �wfieu qh (5) Au rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, eaeh utate feratt/
f�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀, �wfieu qh e�tew�t eqwttu, anf oent anf aiene{ uha＀＀ be teqw�tef tq uwbo�t a
�wfieu qh eqwnt{ eqwttu uha＀＀ be ＀�ab＀e tq �oreaehoent ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet teqweut that �u bauef wrqn anf that
hqt o�ufeoeanqt �n qhh�ee0 Vhe hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu teh＀eetu the ＀qni/tanie h�nane�a＀ qwt＀qq� afqrtef b{ the
b{ twq/th�tfu xqte uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq �oreaeh an �q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet eqoo�uu�qn qt that uree�h�ea＀＀{
qhh�eet0 Vhe urea�et qh the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu ezr＀a�nu an{ xat�anee htqo the ＀qni/tanie h�nane�a＀
uha＀＀ haxe rqwet at an{ t�oe tq arrq�nt a eqoo�ttee tq qwt＀qq� eqnta�nef �n the teqweut0
�nxeut�iate ehatieu aia�nut an{ qhh�eet uwb�eet tq (6) Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn, the tetou feratt/
�oreaehoent0 oent anf aiene{ uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe the �wf�e�a＀ btaneh0
(b) An qhh�eet �oreaehef b{ the hqwue qh terteuen/ (b) APPTQPTKAVKQP DKNNS HQTMAV0 Seratate
tat�xeu uha＀＀ be f�uqwa＀�h�ef htqo rethqto�ni an{ qhh�e�a＀ ueet�qnu w�th�n the ieneta＀ arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀ uha＀＀ be
fwt�eu wnt�＀ aeqw�ttef b{ the uenate, anf, wn＀euu wuef hqt eaeh oa�qt rtqitao atea qh the utate bwfiet;
�oreaehef, the iqxetnqt oa{ b{ arrq�ntoent h�＀＀ the oa�qt rtqitao ateau uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe< efweat�qn enhanee/
qhh�ee wnt�＀ eqor＀et�qn qh the tt�a＀0 oent ¬＀qttet{¹ ttwut hwnf �teou; efweat�qn (a＀＀ qthet
(e) A＀＀ �oreaehoentu b{ the hqwue qh terteuenta/ hwnfu); hwoan uetx�eeu; et�o�na＀ �wut�ee anf eqttee/
t�xeu uha＀＀ be tt�ef b{ the uenate0 Vhe eh�eh �wut�ee qh the t�qnu; natwta＀ teuqwteeu, enx�tqnoent, itqwth oanaie/
uwrteoe eqwtt, qt anqthet �wut�ee feu�inatef b{ the oent, anf ttanurqttat�qn; ieneta＀ iqxetnoent; anf
eh�eh �wut�ee, uha＀＀ rteu�fe at the tt�a＀, ezeert �n a tt�a＀ qh �wf�e�a＀ btaneh0 Gaeh oa�qt rtqitao atea uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe
the eh�eh �wut�ee, �n wh�eh eaue the iqxetnqt uha＀＀ an �teo�zat�qn qh ezrenf�twteu hqt< utate qretat�qnu;
rteu�fe0 Vhe uenate uha＀＀ feteto�ne the t�oe hqt the utate ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{; a�f tq ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu anf
tt�a＀ qh an{ �oreaehoent anf oa{ u�t hqt the tt�a＀ nqnrtqh�t qtian�zat�qnu qretat�qnu; a�f tq ＀qea＀ iqxetn/
whethet the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu be �n ueuu�qn qt oentu anf nqnrtqh�t qtian�zat�qnu ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{; hefeta＀
nqt0 Vhe t�oe h�zef hqt tt�a＀ uha＀＀ nqt be oqte than u�z hwnfu anf the auuqe�atef utate oateh�ni hwnfu; urenf/
oqnthu ahtet the �oreaehoent0 Dwt�ni an �oreaehoent �ni awthqt�zat�qnu hqt qretat�qnu; anf urenf�ni awthqt/
tt�a＀ uenatqtu uha＀＀ be wrqn the�t qath qt ahh�toat�qn0 Pq �zat�qnu hqt ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{0 Aff�t�qna＀＀{, arrtqrt�at�qn
qhh�eet uha＀＀ be eqnx�etef w�thqwt the eqnewttenee qh b�＀＀u rauuef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe an �teo/
twq/th�tfu qh the oeobetu qh the uenate rteuent0 �zat�qn qh uree�h�e arrtqrt�at�qnu that ezeeef qne o�＀＀�qn
Jwfioent qh eqnx�et�qn �n eaueu qh �oreaehoent uha＀＀ fq＀＀atu (&3,222,222022) �n 3;;2 fq＀＀atu0 Hqt rwtrqueu qh
teoqxe the qhhenfet htqo qhh�ee anf, �n the f�uetet�qn qh th�u uwbueet�qn, ¬uree�h�e arrtqrt�at�qn,¹ ¬�teo�zat�qn,¹
32
ATVKENG KKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KKK

anf ¬oa�qt rtqitao atea¹ uha＀＀ be feh�nef b{ ＀aw0 Vh�u the utate qt an{ rwb＀�e bqf{; the utate ttanurqttat�qn
�teo�zat�qn thteuhq＀f uha＀＀ be af�wutef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw ttwut hwnf; the ttwut hwnf eqnta�n�ni the net annwa＀
exet{ hqwt {eatu tq teh＀eet the tate qh �nh＀at�qn qt feh＀at�qn rtqeeefu htqo the H＀qt�fa Gfweat�qn Nqttet�eu; the
au �nf�eatef �n the Eqnuwoet Pt�ee Knfez hqt A＀＀ Wtban H＀qt�fa tet�teoent ttwut hwnf; ttwut hwnfu hqt �nut�twt�qnu
Eqnuwoetu, W0S0 E�t{ Axetaie, A＀＀ Kteou, qt uweeeuuqt wnfet the oanaieoent qh the Dqatf qh Gqxetnqtu,
terqttu au terqttef b{ the Wn�tef Stateu Derattoent qh whete uweh ttwut hwnfu ate hqt awz�＀�at{ entetrt�ueu anf
Nabqt, Dwteaw qh Nabqt Stat�ut�eu qt �tu uweeeuuqt0 eqnttaetu, itantu, anf fqnat�qnu, au thque tetou ate
Swbutant�xe b�＀＀u eqnta�n�ni arrtqrt�at�qnu uha＀＀ a＀uq be feh�nef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw; ttwut hwnfu that uetxe au e＀eat�ni
uwb�eet tq the �teo�zat�qn teqw�teoent oanfatef wnfet hwnfu qt aeeqwntu hqt the eh�eh h�nane�a＀ qhh�eet qt utate
th�u rtqx�u�qn anf uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq the iqxetnqt'u aiene�eu; ttwut hwnfu that aeeqwnt hqt auuetu he＀f b{ the
uree�h�e arrtqrt�at�qn xetq rqwet feuet�bef �n Att�e＀e KKK, utate �n a ttwutee earae�t{ au an aient qt h�fwe�at{ hqt
Seet�qn 80 �nf�x�fwa＀u, rt�xate qtian�zat�qnu, qt qthet iqxetnoen/
(e) APPTQPTKAVKQPS PTQEGSS0 ta＀ wn�tu; anf qthet ttwut hwnfu awthqt�zef b{ th�u
(3) Pq ＀atet than Serteobet 35 qh eaeh {eat, the Eqnut�twt�qn, ate nqt uwb�eet tq the teqw�teoentu uet
�q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ �uuwe a ＀qni/ hqtth �n rataitarh (2) qh th�u uwbueet�qn0
tanie h�nane�a＀ qwt＀qq� uett�ni qwt teeqooenfef h�uea＀ (6) A＀＀ eauh ba＀aneeu anf �neqoe qh an{ ttwut hwnfu
uttatei�eu hqt the utate anf �tu ferattoentu anf abq＀�uhef wnfet th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ be ferqu�tef �ntq
aiene�eu �n qtfet tq auu�ut the ＀ei�u＀atwte �n oa��ni the ieneta＀ texenwe hwnf0
bwfiet fee�u�qnu0 Vhe ＀qni/tanie h�nane�a＀ qwt＀qq� owut (i) DWDGGV SVADKNK\AVKQP HWPD0 Swb�eet tq
�ne＀wfe oa�qt wqt�＀qaf anf texenwe eut�oateu0 Kn qtfet the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u uwbueet�qn, an aoqwnt eqwa＀ tq at
tq �or＀eoent th�u rataitarh, the �q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet ＀eaut 5' qh the ＀aut eqor＀etef h�uea＀ {eat'u net texenwe
eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ wue ewttent qhh�e�a＀ eqnuenuwu eut�/ eq＀＀eet�qnu hqt the ieneta＀ texenwe hwnf uha＀＀ be
oateu anf oa{ teqweut the fexe＀qroent qh aff�t�qna＀ teta�nef �n the bwfiet utab�＀�zat�qn hwnf0 Vhe bwfiet
qhh�e�a＀ eut�oateu0 utab�＀�zat�qn hwnf'u rt�ne�ra＀ ba＀anee uha＀＀ nqt ezeeef an
(2) Vhe �q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ aoqwnt eqwa＀ tq 32' qh the ＀aut eqor＀etef h�uea＀ {eat'u
uee� �nrwt htqo the rwb＀�e anf htqo the ezeewt�xe anf net texenwe eq＀＀eet�qnu hqt the ieneta＀ texenwe hwnf0
�wf�e�a＀ btaneheu when fexe＀qr�ni anf teeqooenf�ni Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ rtqx�fe et�tet�a hqt w�thftaw�ni
the ＀qni/tanie h�nane�a＀ qwt＀qq�0 hwnfu htqo the bwfiet utab�＀�zat�qn hwnf �n a ueratate b�＀＀
(5) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ rteuet�be b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw hqt that rwtrque qn＀{ anf qn＀{ hqt the rwtrque qh
eqnf�t�qnu wnfet wh�eh ＀�o�tef af�wutoentu tq the eqxet�ni texenwe uhqttha＀＀u qh the ieneta＀ texenwe
bwfiet, au teeqooenfef b{ the iqxetnqt qt the eh�eh hwnf qt hqt the rwtrque qh rtqx�f�ni hwnf�ni hqt an
�wut�ee qh the uwrteoe eqwtt, oa{ be arrtqxef w�thqwt eoetiene{, au feh�nef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Geneta＀ ＀aw
the eqnewttenee qh the hw＀＀ ＀ei�u＀atwte0 uha＀＀ rtqx�fe hqt the teutqtat�qn qh th�u hwnf0 Vhe bwfiet
(f) SGVGPVY/VYQ JQWT PWDNKE TGVKGY PGT/ utab�＀�zat�qn hwnf uha＀＀ be eqort�uef qh hwnfu nqt
KQD0 A＀＀ ieneta＀ arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀u uha＀＀ be hwtn�uhef qthetw�ue qb＀�iatef qt eqoo�ttef hqt an{ rwtrque0
tq eaeh oeobet qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte, eaeh oeobet qh the (h) NQPG/TAPGG SVAVG PNAPPKPG DQEW/
eab�net, the iqxetnqt, anf the eh�eh �wut�ee qh the MGPV APD DGPATVMGPV APD AGGPEY PNAP/
uwrteoe eqwtt at ＀eaut uexent{/twq hqwtu behqte h�na＀ PKPG DQEWMGPV PTQEGSSGS0 Geneta＀ ＀aw uha＀＀
rauuaie b{ e�thet hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte qh the b�＀＀ �n rtqx�fe hqt a ＀qni/tanie utate r＀ann�ni fqewoent0 Vhe
the hqto that w�＀＀ be rteuentef tq the iqxetnqt0 iqxetnqt uha＀＀ teeqooenf tq the ＀ei�u＀atwte b�enn�a＀＀{
(e) HKPAN DWDGGV TGPQTV0 A h�na＀ bwfiet te/ an{ tex�u�qnu tq the ＀qni/tanie utate r＀ann�ni fqew/
rqtt uha＀＀ be rteratef au rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe oent, au feh�nef b{ ＀aw0 Geneta＀ ＀aw uha＀＀ teqw�te a
h�na＀ bwfiet terqtt uha＀＀ be rtqfweef nq ＀atet than the b�enn�a＀ tex�ew anf tex�u�qn qh the ＀qni/tanie utate
322th fa{ ahtet the bei�nn�ni qh the h�uea＀ {eat, anf r＀ann�ni fqewoent anf uha＀＀ teqw�te a＀＀ ferattoentu
eqr�eu qh the terqtt uha＀＀ be hwtn�uhef tq eaeh oeobet anf aiene�eu qh utate iqxetnoent tq fexe＀qr r＀ann�ni
qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte, the heaf qh eaeh ferattoent anf fqewoentu that �fent�h{ utatew�fe uttatei�e iqa＀u anf
aiene{ qh the utate, the awf�tqt ieneta＀, anf the eh�eh qb�eet�xeu, eqnu�utent w�th the ＀qni/tanie utate r＀ann�ni
�wut�ee qh the uwrteoe eqwtt0 fqewoent0 Vhe ＀qni/tanie utate r＀ann�ni fqewoent
(h) VTWSV HWPDS0 anf ferattoent anf aiene{ r＀ann�ni fqewoentu uha＀＀
(3) Pq ttwut hwnf qh the State qh H＀qt�fa qt qthet teoa�n uwb�eet tq tex�ew anf tex�u�qn b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte0
rwb＀�e bqf{ oa{ be eteatef qt te/eteatef b{ ＀aw w�thqwt Vhe ＀qni/tanie utate r＀ann�ni fqewoent owut �ne＀wfe
a thtee/h�hthu xqte qh the oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue qh rtq�eet�qnu qh hwtwte neefu anf teuqwteeu qh the utate
the ＀ei�u＀atwte �n a ueratate b�＀＀ hqt that rwtrque qn＀{0 wh�eh ate eqnu�utent w�th the ＀qni/tanie h�nane�a＀
(2) State ttwut hwnfu uha＀＀ teto�nate nqt oqte than qwt＀qq�0 Vhe ferattoent anf aiene{ r＀ann�ni fqew/
hqwt {eatu ahtet the ehheet�xe fate qh the aet awthqt�z�ni oentu uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe a rt�qt�t�zef ＀�ut�ni qh r＀annef
the �n�t�a＀ eteat�qn qh the ttwut hwnf0 D{ ＀aw the ＀ei�u＀atwte ezrenf�twteu hqt tex�ew anf rquu�b＀e tefwet�qn �n the
oa{ uet a uhqttet t�oe ret�qf hqt wh�eh an{ ttwut hwnf �u exent qh texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, au feh�nef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
awthqt�zef0 (�) GQVGTPMGPV GHHKEKGPEY VASM HQTEG0
(5) Vtwut hwnfu teqw�tef b{ hefeta＀ rtqitaou qt Pq ＀atet than Janwat{ qh 2229, anf eaeh hqwtth {eat
oanfateu; ttwut hwnfu eutab＀�uhef hqt bqnf eqxenantu, theteahtet, the rteu�fent qh the uenate, the urea�et qh
�nfentwteu, qt teuq＀wt�qnu, whque texenweu ate ＀eia＀＀{ the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu, anf the iqxetnqt uha＀＀
r＀efief b{ the utate qt rwb＀�e bqf{ tq oeet febt uetx�ee arrq�nt a iqxetnoent ehh�e�ene{ tau� hqtee, the oeo/
qt qthet h�nane�a＀ teqw�teoentu qh an{ febt qb＀�iat�qnu qh betuh�r qh wh�eh uha＀＀ be eutab＀�uhef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
33
ATVKENG KKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KV

Vhe tau� hqtee uha＀＀ be eqorquef qh oeobetu qh the terteuentat�xeu qh the�t ehq�ee; anf f�utt�etu uha＀＀
＀ei�u＀atwte anf terteuentat�xeu htqo the rt�xate anf eqnu�ut qh eqnt�iwqwu tett�tqt{0
rwb＀�e ueetqtu whq uha＀＀ fexe＀qr teeqooenfat�qnu hqt (b) Wn＀euu eqor＀�anee w�th the utanfatfu �n th�u
�ortqx�ni iqxetnoenta＀ qretat�qnu anf tefwe�ni equtu0 uwbueet�qn eqnh＀�etu w�th the utanfatfu �n uwbueet�qn
Stahh tq auu�ut the tau� hqtee �n rethqto�ni �tu fwt�eu uha＀＀ 3(a) qt w�th hefeta＀ ＀aw, f�utt�etu uha＀＀ be au neat＀{ eqwa＀
be auu�inef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, anf the tau� hqtee oa{ �n rqrw＀at�qn au �u rtaet�eab＀e; f�utt�etu uha＀＀ be eqo/
qbta�n auu�utanee htqo the rt�xate ueetqt0 Vhe tau� hqtee raet; anf f�utt�etu uha＀＀, whete heau�b＀e, wt�＀�ze ez�ut�ni
uha＀＀ eqor＀ete �tu wqt� w�th�n qne {eat anf uha＀＀ uwbo�t rq＀�t�ea＀ anf ieqitarh�ea＀ bqwnfat�eu0
�tu teeqooenfat�qnu tq the �q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet (e) Vhe qtfet �n wh�eh the utanfatfu w�th�n uwbuee/
eqoo�uu�qn, the iqxetnqt, anf the eh�eh �wut�ee qh the t�qnu 3(a) anf (b) qh th�u ueet�qn ate uet hqtth uha＀＀ nqt be
uwrteoe eqwtt0 teaf tq eutab＀�uh an{ rt�qt�t{ qh qne utanfatf qxet the
(�) JQKPV NGGKSNAVKVG DWDGGV EQMMKS/ qthet w�th�n that uwbueet�qn0
SKQP0 Vhete �u eteatef w�th�n the ＀ei�u＀atwte the J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State
�q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet eqoo�uu�qn eqorquef qh Serteobet 28, 2229; afqrtef 22320
3Pqte0´Vhe uwbueet�qnu qh ueet�qn 22, au �t arreatef �n Aoenfoent Pq0 8,
eqwa＀ nwobetu qh uenate oeobetu arrq�ntef b{ the rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Serteobet 28, 2229,
rteu�fent qh the uenate anf hqwue oeobetu arrq�ntef anf afqrtef �n 2232, wete feu�inatef (3)/(5); the ef�tqtu tefeu�inatef theo au (a)/
(e) tq eqnhqto tq the hqtoat qh the State Eqnut�twt�qn0
b{ the urea�et qh the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu0 Gaeh
oeobet uha＀＀ uetxe at the r＀eauwte qh the qhh�eet whq
arrq�ntef the oeobet0 A xaeane{ qn the eqoo�uu�qn SGEVKQP 230 Stanfatfu hqt eutab＀�uh�ni ＀ei�u/
uha＀＀ be h�＀＀ef �n the uaoe oannet au the qt�i�na＀ ＀at�xe f�utt�et bqwnfat�eu0´Kn eutab＀�uh�ni ＀ei�u＀at�xe
arrq�ntoent0 Htqo Pqxeobet qh eaeh qff/nwobetef f�utt�et bqwnfat�eu<
{eat thtqwih Qetqbet qh eaeh exen/nwobetef {eat, the (a) Pq arrqtt�qnoent r＀an qt f�utt�et uha＀＀ be ftawn
eha�tretuqn qh the �q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet eqoo�uu�qn w�th the �ntent tq haxqt qt f�uhaxqt a rq＀�t�ea＀ ratt{ qt an
uha＀＀ be arrq�ntef b{ the rteu�fent qh the uenate anf �newobent; anf f�utt�etu uha＀＀ nqt be ftawn w�th the
the x�ee eha�tretuqn qh the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be �ntent qt teuw＀t qh fen{�ni qt abt�fi�ni the eqwa＀
arrq�ntef b{ the urea�et qh the hqwue qh terteuenta/ qrrqttwn�t{ qh tae�a＀ qt ＀aniwaie o�nqt�t�eu tq ratt�e�rate
t�xeu0 Htqo Pqxeobet qh eaeh exen/nwobetef {eat �n the rq＀�t�ea＀ rtqeeuu qt tq f�o�n�uh the�t ab�＀�t{ tq e＀eet
thtqwih Qetqbet qh eaeh qff/nwobetef {eat, the terteuentat�xeu qh the�t ehq�ee; anf f�utt�etu uha＀＀
eha�tretuqn qh the �q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet eqoo�uu�qn eqnu�ut qh eqnt�iwqwu tett�tqt{0
uha＀＀ be arrq�ntef b{ the urea�et qh the hqwue qh (b) Wn＀euu eqor＀�anee w�th the utanfatfu �n th�u
terteuentat�xeu anf the x�ee eha�tretuqn qh the eqo/ uwbueet�qn eqnh＀�etu w�th the utanfatfu �n uwbueet�qn
o�uu�qn uha＀＀ be arrq�ntef b{ the rteu�fent qh the 3(a) qt w�th hefeta＀ ＀aw, f�utt�etu uha＀＀ be au neat＀{ eqwa＀

uenate0 Vhe �q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be �n rqrw＀at�qn au �u rtaet�eab＀e; f�utt�etu uha＀＀ be eqo/
iqxetnef b{ the �q�nt tw＀eu qh the uenate anf the hqwue raet; anf f�utt�etu uha＀＀, whete heau�b＀e, wt�＀�ze ez�ut�ni
qh terteuentat�xeu, wh�eh uha＀＀ teoa�n �n ehheet wnt�＀ rq＀�t�ea＀ anf ieqitarh�ea＀ bqwnfat�eu0
terea＀ef qt aoenfef b{ eqnewttent teuq＀wt�qn0 Vhe (e) Vhe qtfet �n wh�eh the utanfatfu w�th�n uwbuee/
eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ eqnxene at ＀eaut qwattet＀{ anf uha＀＀ t�qnu 3(a) anf (b) qh th�u ueet�qn ate uet hqtth uha＀＀ nqt be
eqnxene at the ea＀＀ qh the rteu�fent qh the uenate anf the teaf tq eutab＀�uh an{ rt�qt�t{ qh qne utanfatf qxet the
urea�et qh the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu0 A oa�qt�t{ qh qthet w�th�n that uwbueet�qn0
the eqoo�uu�qn oeobetu qh eaeh hqwue r＀wu qne J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State
Serteobet 28, 2229; afqrtef 22320
aff�t�qna＀ oeobet htqo e�thet hqwue eqnut�twteu a 3Pqte0´Vhe uwbueet�qnu qh ueet�qn 23, au �t arreatef �n Aoenfoent Pq0 5,
qwqtwo0 Aet�qn b{ the eqoo�uu�qn teqw�teu a oa�qt�t{ rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Serteobet 28, 2229,
xqte qh the eqoo�uu�qn oeobetu rteuent qh eaeh anf afqrtef �n 2232, wete feu�inatef (3)/(5); the ef�tqtu tefeu�inatef theo au (a)/
(e) tq eqnhqto tq the hqtoat qh the State Eqnut�twt�qn0
hqwue0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn oa{ eqnfwet �tu oeet�niu
thtqwih te＀eeqnheteneeu qt u�o�＀at oeanu0 Kn aff�t�qn
ATVKENG KV
tq the rqwetu anf fwt�eu uree�h�ef �n th�u uwbueet�qn, the
�q�nt ＀ei�u＀at�xe bwfiet eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ ezete�ue a＀＀
GZGEWVKVG
qthet rqwetu anf rethqto an{ qthet fwt�eu nqt �n eqnh＀�et
w�th rataitarh (e)(5) anf au rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw
See0
qt �q�nt tw＀e0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
3, 3;;2, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 9, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;2; Aou0 rtqrquef 30 Gqxetnqt0
b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0 8 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the
Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 2366, 2225;
20 N�ewtenant iqxetnqt0
afqrtef 22280 50 Sweeeuu�qn tq qhh�ee qh iqxetnqt; aet�ni iqxetnqt0
60 Eab�net0
SGEVKQP 220 Stanfatfu hqt eutab＀�uh�ni eqn/ 50 G＀eet�qn qh iqxetnqt, ＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt anf
iteuu�qna＀ f�utt�et bqwnfat�eu0´Kn eutab＀�uh�ni eqn/ eab�net oeobetu; qwa＀�h�eat�qnu; tetou0
iteuu�qna＀ f�utt�et bqwnfat�eu< 80 Gzeewt�xe ferattoentu0
(a) Pq arrqtt�qnoent r＀an qt �nf�x�fwa＀ f�utt�et uha＀＀ 90 Swurenu�qnu; h�＀＀�ni qhh�ee fwt�ni uwurenu�qnu0
be ftawn w�th the �ntent tq haxqt qt f�uhaxqt a rq＀�t�ea＀ 80 E＀eoene{0
ratt{ qt an �newobent; anf f�utt�etu uha＀＀ nqt be ftawn ;0 H�uh anf w�＀f＀�he eqnuetxat�qn eqoo�uu�qn0
w�th the �ntent qt teuw＀t qh fen{�ni qt abt�fi�ni the eqwa＀ 320 Attqtne{ Geneta＀0
qrrqttwn�t{ qh tae�a＀ qt ＀aniwaie o�nqt�t�eu tq ratt�e�rate 330 Derattoent qh Vetetanu Ahha�tu0
�n the rq＀�t�ea＀ rtqeeuu qt tq f�o�n�uh the�t ab�＀�t{ tq e＀eet 320 Derattoent qh G＀fet＀{ Ahha�tu0
32
ATVKENG KV EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KV

See0 (a) Wrqn xaeane{ �n the qhh�ee qh iqxetnqt, the

＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt uha＀＀ beeqoe iqxetnqt0 Hwtthet
350 Texenwe Shqttha＀＀u0 uweeeuu�qn tq the qhh�ee qh iqxetnqt uha＀＀ be rteuet�bef
b{ ＀aw0 A uweeeuuqt uha＀＀ uetxe hqt the teoa�nfet qh the
SGEVKQP 30 Gqxetnqt0´ teto0
(a) Vhe uwrteoe ezeewt�xe rqwet uha＀＀ be xeutef �n (b) Wrqn �oreaehoent qh the iqxetnqt anf wnt�＀
a iqxetnqt, whq uha＀＀ be eqooanfet/�n/eh�eh qh a＀＀ eqor＀et�qn qh tt�a＀ theteqh, qt fwt�ni the iqxetnqt'u
o�＀�tat{ hqteeu qh the utate nqt �n aet�xe uetx�ee qh the rh{u�ea＀ qt oenta＀ �nearae�t{, the ＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt
Wn�tef Stateu0 Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ ta�e eate that the uha＀＀ aet au iqxetnqt0 Hwtthet uweeeuu�qn au aet�ni
＀awu be ha�thhw＀＀{ ezeewtef, eqoo�uu�qn a＀＀ qhh�eetu qh iqxetnqt uha＀＀ be rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0 Knearae�t{ tq uetxe
the utate anf eqwnt�eu, anf ttanuaet a＀＀ neeeuuat{ au iqxetnqt oa{ be feteto�nef b{ the uwrteoe eqwtt
bwu�neuu w�th the qhh�eetu qh iqxetnoent0 Vhe iqxetnqt wrqn fwe nqt�ee ahtet fqe�et�ni qh a wt�tten uwiieut�qn
oa{ teqw�te �nhqtoat�qn �n wt�t�ni htqo a＀＀ ezeewt�xe qt theteqh b{ thtee eab�net oeobetu, anf �n uweh eaue
afo�n�uttat�xe utate, eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀ qhh�eetu wrqn teutqtat�qn qh earae�t{ uha＀＀ be u�o�＀at＀{ feteto�nef
an{ uwb�eet te＀at�ni tq the fwt�eu qh the�t teureet�xe ahtet fqe�et�ni qh wt�tten uwiieut�qn theteqh b{ the
qhh�eeu0 Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ be the eh�eh afo�n�uttat�xe iqxetnqt, the ＀ei�u＀atwte qt thtee eab�net oeobetu0
qhh�eet qh the utate teurqnu�b＀e hqt the r＀ann�ni anf Knearae�t{ tq uetxe au iqxetnqt oa{ a＀uq be eutab＀�uhef
bwfiet�ni hqt the utate0 b{ eett�h�eate h�＀ef w�th the ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu b{
(b) Vhe iqxetnqt oa{ �n�t�ate �wf�e�a＀ rtqeeef�niu �n the iqxetnqt fee＀at�ni �nearae�t{ hqt rh{u�ea＀ teauqnu
the naoe qh the utate aia�nut an{ ezeewt�xe qt afo�n/ tq uetxe au iqxetnqt, anf �n uweh eaue teutqtat�qn qh
�uttat�xe utate, eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀ qhh�eet tq enhqtee earae�t{ uha＀＀ be u�o�＀at＀{ eutab＀�uhef0
eqor＀�anee w�th an{ fwt{ qt teutta�n an{ wnawthqt�zef J�utqt{0´Aou0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0
8 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
aet0
(e) Vhe iqxetnqt oa{ teqweut �n wt�t�ni the qr�n�qn SGEVKQP 60 Eab�net0´
qh the �wut�eeu qh the uwrteoe eqwtt au tq the �ntet/ (a) Vhete uha＀＀ be a eab�net eqorquef qh an
rtetat�qn qh an{ rqtt�qn qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn wrqn an{ attqtne{ ieneta＀, a eh�eh h�nane�a＀ qhh�eet, anf a eqoo�u/
qweut�qn ahheet�ni the iqxetnqt'u ezeewt�xe rqwetu anf u�qnet qh ait�ew＀twte0 Kn aff�t�qn tq the rqwetu anf
fwt�eu0 Vhe �wut�eeu uha＀＀, uwb�eet tq the�t tw＀eu qh fwt�eu uree�h�ef hete�n, the{ uha＀＀ ezete�ue uweh rqwetu
rtqeefwte, reto�t �nteteutef retuqnu tq be heatf qn anf rethqto uweh fwt�eu au oa{ be rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0 Kn
the qweut�qnu rteuentef anf uha＀＀ tenfet the�t wt�tten the exent qh a t�e xqte qh the iqxetnqt anf eab�net, the
qr�n�qn nqt eat＀�et than ten fa{u htqo the h�＀�ni anf u�fe qn wh�eh the iqxetnqt xqtef uha＀＀ be feeoef tq
fqe�et�ni qh the teqweut, wn＀euu �n the�t �wfioent the rtexa�＀0
fe＀a{ wqw＀f eawue rwb＀�e �n�wt{0 (b) Vhe attqtne{ ieneta＀ uha＀＀ be the eh�eh utate ＀eia＀
(f) Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq ea＀＀ qwt the qhh�eet0 Vhete �u eteatef �n the qhh�ee qh the attqtne{
o�＀�t�a tq rteuetxe the rwb＀�e reaee, ezeewte the ＀awu qh ieneta＀ the rqu�t�qn qh utatew�fe rtqueewtqt0 Vhe
the utate, uwrrteuu �nuwtteet�qn, qt tere＀ �nxau�qn0 utatew�fe rtqueewtqt uha＀＀ haxe eqnewttent �wt�uf�et�qn
(e) Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ b{ oeuuaie at ＀eaut qnee �n w�th the utate attqtne{u tq rtqueewte x�q＀at�qnu qh
eaeh teiw＀at ueuu�qn �nhqto the ＀ei�u＀atwte eqneetn�ni et�o�na＀ ＀awu qeewtt�ni qt hax�ni qeewttef, �n twq qt
the eqnf�t�qn qh the utate, rtqrque uweh teqtian�zat�qn oqte �wf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu au ratt qh a te＀atef ttanuaet�qn, qt
qh the ezeewt�xe ferattoent au w�＀＀ rtqoqte ehh�e�ene{ when an{ uweh qhhenue �u ahheet�ni qt hau ahheetef twq
anf eeqnqo{, anf teeqooenf oeauwteu �n the rwb＀�e qt oqte �wf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe
�nteteut0 utatew�fe rtqueewtqt uha＀＀ be arrq�ntef b{ the attqtne{
(h) Yhen nqt qthetw�ue rtqx�fef hqt �n th�u eqnut�tw/ ieneta＀ htqo nqt ＀euu than thtee retuqnu nqo�natef b{
t�qn, the iqxetnqt uha＀＀ h�＀＀ b{ arrq�ntoent an{ xaeane{ the �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn hqt the uwrteoe
�n utate qt eqwnt{ qhh�ee hqt the teoa�nfet qh the teto qh eqwtt, qt au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
an arrq�nt�xe qhh�ee, anf hqt the teoa�nfet qh the teto qh (e) Vhe eh�eh h�nane�a＀ qhh�eet uha＀＀ uetxe au the eh�eh
an e＀eet�xe qhh�ee �h ＀euu than twent{/e�iht oqnthu, h�uea＀ qhh�eet qh the utate, anf uha＀＀ uett＀e anf arrtqxe
qthetw�ue wnt�＀ the h�tut Vweufa{ ahtet the h�tut Mqnfa{ aeeqwntu aia�nut the utate, anf uha＀＀ �eer a＀＀ utate
hq＀＀qw�ni the nezt ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn0 hwnfu anf ueewt�t�eu0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn
Pq0 3, 3;;2, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 9, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;2; Ao0 (f) Vhe eqoo�uu�qnet qh ait�ew＀twte uha＀＀ haxe
rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th uwretx�u�qn qh oattetu retta�n�ni tq ait�ew＀twte ezeert
the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
(e) Vhe iqxetnqt au eha�t, the eh�eh h�nane�a＀ qhh�eet,
SGEVKQP 20 N�ewtenant iqxetnqt0´Vhete uha＀＀ anf the attqtne{ ieneta＀ uha＀＀ eqnut�twte the utate bqatf
be a ＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt, whq uha＀＀ rethqto uweh fwt�eu qh afo�n�uttat�qn, wh�eh uha＀＀ uweeeef tq a＀＀ the rqwet,
retta�n�ni tq the qhh�ee qh iqxetnqt au uha＀＀ be auu�inef eqnttq＀, anf awthqt�t{ qh the utate bqatf qh afo�n�utta/
b{ the iqxetnqt, ezeert when qthetw�ue rtqx�fef b{ t�qn eutab＀�uhef rwtuwant tq Att�e＀e KZ, Seet�qn 38 qh the
＀aw, anf uweh qthet fwt�eu au oa{ be rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0 Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, anf wh�eh uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe au a bqf{
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 at ＀eaut hqt the ＀�he qh Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn ;(e)0
(h) Vhe iqxetnqt au eha�t, the eh�eh h�nane�a＀ qhh�eet,
SGEVKQP 50 Sweeeuu�qn tq qhh�ee qh iqxetnqt; the attqtne{ ieneta＀, anf the eqoo�uu�qnet qh ait�ew＀/
aet�ni iqxetnqt0´ twte uha＀＀ eqnut�twte the ttwuteeu qh the �ntetna＀
35
ATVKENG KV EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KV

�ortqxeoent ttwut hwnf anf the ＀anf aeqw�u�t�qn ttwut uwurenf htqo qhh�ee an{ utate qhh�eet nqt uwb�eet tq
hwnf au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 �oreaehoent, an{ qhh�eet qh the o�＀�t�a nqt �n the aet�xe
(i) Vhe iqxetnqt au eha�t, the eh�eh h�nane�a＀ qhh�eet, uetx�ee qh the Wn�tef Stateu, qt an{ eqwnt{ qhh�eet, hqt
the attqtne{ ieneta＀, anf the eqoo�uu�qnet qh ait�ew＀/ oa＀heauanee, o�uheauanee, nei＀eet qh fwt{, ftwn�en/
twte uha＀＀ eqnut�twte the aiene{ heaf qh the Derattoent neuu, �neqoretenee, retoanent �nab�＀�t{ tq rethqto
qh Naw Gnhqteeoent0 qhh�e�a＀ fwt�eu, qt eqoo�uu�qn qh a he＀qn{, anf oa{ h�＀＀
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 655, 3;85; afqrtef 3;86; Ao0 J0J0T0 588, 3;85; afqrtef the qhh�ee b{ arrq�ntoent hqt the ret�qf qh uwurenu�qn0
3;88; Aou0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0 8 anf
35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 Vhe uwurenfef qhh�eet oa{ at an{ t�oe behqte teoqxa＀
be te�nutatef b{ the iqxetnqt0
SGEVKQP 50 G＀eet�qn qh iqxetnqt, ＀�ewtenant (b) Vhe uenate oa{, �n rtqeeef�niu rteuet�bef b{
iqxetnqt anf eab�net oeobetu; qwa＀�h�eat�qnu; ＀aw, teoqxe htqo qhh�ee qt te�nutate the uwurenfef
tetou0´ qhh�e�a＀ anf hqt uweh rwtrque the uenate oa{ be
(a) At a utate/w�fe ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn �n eaeh ea＀enfat eqnxenef �n uree�a＀ ueuu�qn b{ �tu rteu�fent qt b{ a
{eat the nwobet qh wh�eh �u exen bwt nqt a ow＀t�r＀e qh oa�qt�t{ qh �tu oeobetuh�r0
hqwt, the e＀eetqtu uha＀＀ ehqque a iqxetnqt anf a (e) D{ qtfet qh the iqxetnqt an{ e＀eetef own�e�ra＀
＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt anf oeobetu qh the eab�net eaeh qhh�eet �nf�etef hqt et�oe oa{ be uwurenfef htqo qhh�ee
hqt a teto qh hqwt {eatu bei�nn�ni qn the h�tut Vweufa{ wnt�＀ aeqw�ttef anf the qhh�ee h�＀＀ef b{ arrq�ntoent hqt the
ahtet the h�tut Mqnfa{ �n Janwat{ qh the uweeeef�ni {eat0 ret�qf qh uwurenu�qn, nqt tq eztenf be{qnf the teto,
Kn rt�oat{ e＀eet�qnu, eanf�fateu hqt the qhh�ee qh wn＀euu theue rqwetu ate xeutef e＀uewhete b{ ＀aw qt the
iqxetnqt oa{ ehqque tq twn w�thqwt a ＀�ewtenant own�e�ra＀ ehattet0
J�utqt{0´Aou0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0
iqxetnqt eanf�fate0 Kn the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn, a＀＀ eanf�/ 8 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
fateu hqt the qhh�eeu qh iqxetnqt anf ＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt
uha＀＀ hqto �q�nt eanf�fae�eu �n a oannet rteuet�bef b{ SGEVKQP 80 E＀eoene{0´
＀aw uq that eaeh xqtet uha＀＀ eaut a u�ni＀e xqte hqt a (a) Gzeert �n eaueu qh tteauqn anf �n eaueu whete
eanf�fate hqt iqxetnqt anf a eanf�fate hqt ＀�ewtenant �oreaehoent teuw＀tu �n eqnx�et�qn, the iqxetnqt oa{,
iqxetnqt twnn�ni tqiethet0 b{ ezeewt�xe qtfet h�＀ef w�th the ewutqf�an qh utate
(b) Yhen e＀eetef, the iqxetnqt, ＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt teeqtfu, uwurenf eq＀＀eet�qn qh h�neu anf hqthe�twteu,
anf eaeh eab�net oeobet owut be an e＀eetqt nqt ＀euu itant tert�exeu nqt ezeeef�ni u�zt{ fa{u anf, w�th the
than th�tt{ {eatu qh aie whq hau teu�fef �n the utate hqt arrtqxa＀ qh twq oeobetu qh the eab�net, itant hw＀＀ qt
the rteeef�ni uexen {eatu0 Vhe attqtne{ ieneta＀ owut eqnf�t�qna＀ ratfqnu, teutqte e�x�＀ t�ihtu, eqoowte rwn/
haxe been a oeobet qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa hqt the �uhoent, anf teo�t h�neu anf hqthe�twteu hqt qhhenueu0
rteeef�ni h�xe {eatu0 Pq retuqn whq hau, qt bwt hqt (b) Kn eaueu qh tteauqn the iqxetnqt oa{ itant
teu�inat�qn wqw＀f haxe, uetxef au iqxetnqt qt aet�ni tert�exeu wnt�＀ af�qwtnoent qh the teiw＀at ueuu�qn qh the
iqxetnqt hqt oqte than u�z {eatu �n twq eqnueewt�xe ＀ei�u＀atwte eqnxen�ni nezt ahtet the eqnx�et�qn, at wh�eh
tetou uha＀＀ be e＀eetef iqxetnqt hqt the uweeeef�ni ueuu�qn the ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ itant a ratfqn qt hwtthet
teto0 tert�exe; qthetw�ue the uentenee uha＀＀ be ezeewtef0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
33, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 (e) Vhete oa{ be eteatef b{ ＀aw a ratq＀e anf
rtqbat�qn eqoo�uu�qn w�th rqwet tq uwretx�ue retuqnu
SGEVKQP 80 Gzeewt�xe ferattoentu0´A＀＀ hwne/ qn rtqbat�qn anf tq itant ratq＀eu qt eqnf�t�qna＀
t�qnu qh the ezeewt�xe btaneh qh utate iqxetnoent uha＀＀ te＀eaueu tq retuqnu wnfet uenteneeu hqt et�oe0 Vhe
be a＀＀qttef aoqni nqt oqte than twent{/h�xe feratt/ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu, oethqf qh ue＀eet�qn anf tetou, nqt tq
oentu, eze＀wu�xe qh thque uree�h�ea＀＀{ rtqx�fef hqt qt ezeeef u�z {eatu, qh oeobetu qh the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀
awthqt�zef �n th�u eqnut�twt�qn0 Vhe afo�n�uttat�qn qh be rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8,
eaeh ferattoent, wn＀euu qthetw�ue rtqx�fef �n th�u 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
eqnut�twt�qn, uha＀＀ be r＀aeef b{ ＀aw wnfet the f�teet
uwretx�u�qn qh the iqxetnqt, the ＀�ewtenant iqxetnqt, the SGEVKQP ;0 H�uh anf w�＀f＀�he eqnuetxat�qn eqo/
iqxetnqt anf eab�net, a eab�net oeobet, qt an qhh�eet qt o�uu�qn0´Vhete uha＀＀ be a h�uh anf w�＀f＀�he eqnuetxa/
bqatf arrq�ntef b{ anf uetx�ni at the r＀eauwte qh the t�qn eqoo�uu�qn, eqorquef qh uexen oeobetu ar/
iqxetnqt, ezeert< rq�ntef b{ the iqxetnqt, uwb�eet tq eqnh�toat�qn b{ the
(a) Yhen rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw, eqnh�toat�qn b{ the uenate hqt utaiietef tetou qh h�xe {eatu0 Vhe eqoo�u/
uenate qt the arrtqxa＀ qh thtee oeobetu qh the eab�net u�qn uha＀＀ ezete�ue the teiw＀atqt{ anf ezeewt�xe rqwetu
uha＀＀ be teqw�tef hqt arrq�ntoent tq qt teoqxa＀ htqo an{ qh the utate w�th teureet tq w�＀f an�oa＀ ＀�he anf hteuh
feu�inatef utatwtqt{ qhh�ee0 watet aqwat�e ＀�he, anf uha＀＀ a＀uq ezete�ue teiw＀atqt{ anf
(b) Dqatfu awthqt�zef tq itant anf texq�e ＀�eenueu ezeewt�xe rqwetu qh the utate w�th teureet tq oat�ne ＀�he,
tq eniaie �n teiw＀atef qeewrat�qnu uha＀＀ be auu�inef tq ezeert that a＀＀ ＀�eenue heeu hqt ta��ni w�＀f an�oa＀ ＀�he,
arrtqrt�ate ferattoentu anf the�t oeobetu arrq�ntef hteuh watet aqwat�e ＀�he, anf oat�ne ＀�he anf rena＀t�eu hqt
hqt h�zef tetou, uwb�eet tq teoqxa＀ qn＀{ hqt eawue0 x�q＀at�ni teiw＀at�qnu qh the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be rte/
uet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ eutab＀�uh
SGEVKQP 90 Swurenu�qnu; h�＀＀�ni qhh�ee fwt�ni rtqeefwteu tq enuwte afeqwate fwe rtqeeuu �n the
uwurenu�qnu0´ ezete�ue qh �tu teiw＀atqt{ anf ezeewt�xe hwnet�qnu0 Vhe
(a) D{ ezeewt�xe qtfet utat�ni the itqwnfu anf h�＀ef ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ enaet ＀awu �n a�f qh the eqoo�uu�qn, nqt
w�th the ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu, the iqxetnqt oa{ �neqnu�utent w�th th�u ueet�qn, ezeert that thete uha＀＀ be
36
ATVKENG KV EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG V

nq uree�a＀ ＀aw qt ieneta＀ ＀aw qh ＀qea＀ arr＀�eat�qn ATVKENG V

retta�n�ni tq hwnt�ni qt h�uh�ni0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn'u
ezete�ue qh ezeewt�xe rqwetu �n the atea qh r＀ann�ni, JWDKEKATY
bwfiet�ni, retuqnne＀ oanaieoent, anf rwtehau�ni
uha＀＀ be au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 Texenwe fet�xef htqo See0
＀�eenue heeu hqt the ta��ni qh w�＀f an�oa＀ ＀�he anf hteuh
watet aqwat�e ＀�he uha＀＀ be arrtqrt�atef tq the eqoo�u/ 30 Eqwttu0
u�qn b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte hqt the rwtrqueu qh oanaieoent, 20 Afo�n�uttat�qn; rtaet�ee anf rtqeefwte0
rtqteet�qn, anf eqnuetxat�qn qh w�＀f an�oa＀ ＀�he anf hteuh 50 Swrteoe eqwtt0
60 D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀0
watet aqwat�e ＀�he0 Texenwe fet�xef htqo ＀�eenue heeu
50 E�tew�t eqwttu0
te＀at�ni tq oat�ne ＀�he uha＀＀ be arrtqrt�atef b{ the 80 Eqwnt{ eqwttu0
＀ei�u＀atwte hqt the rwtrqueu qh oanaieoent, rtqteet�qn, 90 Sree�a＀�zef f�x�u�qnu0
anf eqnuetxat�qn qh oat�ne ＀�he au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 Vhe 80 G＀�i�b�＀�t{0
eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ nqt be a wn�t qh an{ qthet utate aiene{ ;0 Deteto�nat�qn qh nwobet qh �wfieu0
anf uha＀＀ haxe �tu qwn utahh, wh�eh �ne＀wfeu oanaie/ 320 Tetent�qn; e＀eet�qn anf tetou0
oent, teueateh, anf enhqteeoent0 Wn＀euu rtqx�fef b{ 330 Vaeane�eu0
ieneta＀ ＀aw, the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ haxe nq awthqt�t{ tq 320 D�ue�r＀�ne; teoqxa＀ anf tet�teoent0
teiw＀ate oattetu te＀at�ni tq a�t anf watet rq＀＀wt�qn0 350 Ptqh�b�tef aet�x�t�eu0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 859, 3;95; afqrtef 3;96; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ 360 Hwnf�ni0
Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 5, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh
State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 350 Attqtne{u; afo�uu�qn anf f�ue�r＀�ne0
380 E＀et�u qh the e�tew�t eqwttu0
SGEVKQP 320 Attqtne{ Geneta＀0´Vhe attqtne{ 390 State attqtne{u0
ieneta＀ uha＀＀, au f�teetef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, teqweut the 380 Pwb＀�e fehenfetu0
qr�n�qn qh the �wut�eeu qh the uwrteoe eqwtt au tq the 3;0 Jwf�e�a＀ qhh�eetu au eqnuetxatqtu qh the reaee0
xa＀�f�t{ qh an{ �n�t�at�xe ret�t�qn e�tew＀atef rwtuwant tq 220 Sehefw＀e tq Att�e＀e V0
Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e ZK0 Vhe �wut�eeu uha＀＀, uwb�eet tq the�t
tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte, reto�t �nteteutef retuqnu tq be SGEVKQP 30 Eqwttu0´Vhe �wf�e�a＀ rqwet uha＀＀ be
heatf qn the qweut�qnu rteuentef anf uha＀＀ tenfet the�t xeutef �n a uwrteoe eqwtt, f�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀,
e�tew�t eqwttu anf eqwnt{ eqwttu0 Pq qthet eqwttu oa{ be
wt�tten qr�n�qn nq ＀atet than Art�＀ 3 qh the {eat �n wh�eh
eutab＀�uhef b{ the utate, an{ rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qn qt an{
the �n�t�at�xe �u tq be uwbo�ttef tq the xqtetu rwtuwant tq
own�e�ra＀�t{0 Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, f�x�fe
Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e ZK0
J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 93, 3;88; afqrtef 3;88; Ao0 S0J0T0 25;6, 2226; the utate �ntq arre＀＀ate eqwtt f�utt�etu anf �wf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu
afqrtef 22260 hq＀＀qw�ni eqwnt{ ＀�neu0 Eqoo�uu�qnu eutab＀�uhef b{ ＀aw,
qt afo�n�uttat�xe qhh�eetu qt bqf�eu oa{ be itantef
SGEVKQP 330 Derattoent qh Vetetanu Ahha�tu0 qwau�/�wf�e�a＀ rqwet �n oattetu eqnneetef w�th the
Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, oa{ rtqx�fe hqt the hwnet�qnu qh the�t qhh�eeu0 Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ eutab＀�uh
eutab＀�uhoent qh the Derattoent qh Vetetanu Ahha�tu0 b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw a e�x�＀ ttahh�e heat�ni qhh�eet u{uteo hqt
J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 2;2, 3;88; afqrtef 3;880
the rwtrque qh heat�ni e�x�＀ ttahh�e �nhtaet�qnu0 Vhe
＀ei�u＀atwte oa{, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, awthqt�ze a o�＀�tat{
SGEVKQP 320 Derattoent qh G＀fet＀{ Ahha�tu0´ eqwtt/oatt�a＀ tq be eqnfwetef b{ o�＀�tat{ �wfieu qh the
Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ eteate a Derattoent qh G＀fet＀{ H＀qt�fa Pat�qna＀ Gwatf, w�th f�teet arrea＀ qh a fee�u�qn
Ahha�tu anf rteuet�be �tu fwt�eu0 Vhe rtqx�u�qnu iqxetn/ tq the D�utt�et Eqwtt qh Arrea＀, H�tut D�utt�et0
�ni the afo�n�uttat�qn qh the ferattoent owut eqor＀{ J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 J0J0T0 3828, 3;88; afqrtef
3;88; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8,
w�th Seet�qn 8 qh Att�e＀e KV qh the State Eqnut�twt�qn0 h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 2;2, 3;88; afqrtef 3;880

SGEVKQP 20 Afo�n�uttat�qn; rtaet�ee anf rtq/

SGEVKQP 350 Texenwe Shqttha＀＀u0´Kn the exent
eefwte0´
qh texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, au feh�nef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, the
(a) Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀ afqrt tw＀eu hqt the
iqxetnqt anf eab�net oa{ eutab＀�uh a＀＀ neeeuuat{
rtaet�ee anf rtqeefwte �n a＀＀ eqwttu �ne＀wf�ni the t�oe
tefwet�qnu �n the utate bwfiet �n qtfet tq eqor＀{ w�th
hqt uee��ni arre＀＀ate tex�ew, the afo�n�uttat�xe uwret/
the rtqx�u�qnu qh Att�e＀e VKK, Seet�qn 3(f)0 Vhe iqxetnqt
x�u�qn qh a＀＀ eqwttu, the ttanuhet tq the eqwtt hax�ni
anf eab�net uha＀＀ �or＀eoent a＀＀ neeeuuat{ tefwet�qnu hqt
�wt�uf�et�qn qh an{ rtqeeef�ni when the �wt�uf�et�qn qh
the ezeewt�xe bwfiet, the eh�eh �wut�ee qh the uwrteoe
anqthet eqwtt hau been �ortqx�fent＀{ �nxq�ef, anf a
eqwtt uha＀＀ �or＀eoent a＀＀ neeeuuat{ tefwet�qnu hqt the
teqw�teoent that nq eawue uha＀＀ be f�uo�uuef beeawue
�wf�e�a＀ bwfiet, anf the urea�et qh the hqwue qh
an �ortqret teoef{ hau been uqwiht0 Vhe uwrteoe
terteuentat�xeu anf the rteu�fent qh the uenate uha＀＀ eqwtt uha＀＀ afqrt tw＀eu tq a＀＀qw the eqwtt anf the f�utt�et
�or＀eoent a＀＀ neeeuuat{ tefwet�qnu hqt the ＀ei�u＀at�xe eqwttu qh arrea＀ tq uwbo�t qweut�qnu te＀at�ni tq o�＀�tat{
bwfiet0 Dwfiet tefwet�qnu rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ ＀aw tq the hefeta＀ Eqwtt qh Arrea＀u hqt the Atoef Hqteeu
be eqnu�utent w�th the rtqx�u�qnu qh Att�e＀e KKK, Seet�qn hqt an afx�uqt{ qr�n�qn0 Tw＀eu qh eqwtt oa{ be terea＀ef
3;(h)0 b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw enaetef b{ twq/th�tfu xqte qh the
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn Tex�u�qn Pq0
3, 3;;2, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 9, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;20 oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte0
35
ATVKENG V EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG V

(b) Vhe eh�eh �wut�ee qh the uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀ be (8) Ma{ tex�ew a qweut�qn qh ＀aw eett�h�ef b{ the
ehquen b{ a oa�qt�t{ qh the oeobetu qh the eqwtt; uha＀＀ Swrteoe Eqwtt qh the Wn�tef Stateu qt a Wn�tef Stateu
be the eh�eh afo�n�uttat�xe qhh�eet qh the �wf�e�a＀ u{uteo; Eqwtt qh Arrea＀u wh�eh �u feteto�nat�xe qh the eawue
anf uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq auu�in �wut�eeu qt �wfieu, anf hqt wh�eh thete �u nq eqnttq＀＀�ni rteeefent qh the
�ne＀wf�ni eqnuent�ni tet�tef �wut�eeu qt �wfieu, tq uwrteoe eqwtt qh H＀qt�fa0
teorqtat{ fwt{ �n an{ eqwtt hqt wh�eh the �wfie �u (9) Ma{ �uuwe wt�tu qh rtqh�b�t�qn tq eqwttu anf a＀＀
qwa＀�h�ef anf tq fe＀eiate tq a eh�eh �wfie qh a �wf�e�a＀ wt�tu neeeuuat{ tq the eqor＀ete ezete�ue qh �tu �wt�uf�e/
e�tew�t the rqwet tq auu�in �wfieu hqt fwt{ �n that e�tew�t0 t�qn0
(e) A eh�eh �wfie hqt eaeh f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ (8) Ma{ �uuwe wt�tu qh oanfaowu anf qwq wattantq
uha＀＀ be ehquen b{ a oa�qt�t{ qh the �wfieu theteqh qt, �h tq utate qhh�eetu anf utate aiene�eu0
thete �u nq oa�qt�t{, b{ the eh�eh �wut�ee0 Vhe eh�eh �wfie (;) Ma{, qt an{ �wut�ee oa{, �uuwe wt�tu qh habeau
uha＀＀ be teurqnu�b＀e hqt the afo�n�uttat�xe uwretx�u�qn qh eqtrwu tetwtnab＀e behqte the uwrteoe eqwtt qt an{
the eqwtt0 �wut�ee, a f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ qt an{ �wfie theteqh, qt
(f) A eh�eh �wfie �n eaeh e�tew�t uha＀＀ be ehquen htqo an{ e�tew�t �wfie0
aoqni the e�tew�t �wfieu au rtqx�fef b{ uwrteoe eqwtt (32) Sha＀＀, when teqweutef b{ the attqtne{ ieneta＀
tw＀e0 Vhe eh�eh �wfie uha＀＀ be teurqnu�b＀e hqt the rwtuwant tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh Seet�qn 32 qh Att�e＀e KV,
afo�n�uttat�xe uwretx�u�qn qh the e�tew�t eqwttu anf tenfet an afx�uqt{ qr�n�qn qh the �wut�eeu, affteuu�ni
eqwnt{ eqwttu �n h�u e�tew�t0 �uuweu au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
(e) ENGTM APD MATSJAN0´Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt
5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 uha＀＀ arrq�nt a e＀et� anf a oatuha＀ whq uha＀＀ hq＀f qhh�ee
fwt�ni the r＀eauwte qh the eqwtt anf rethqto uweh fwt�eu
SGEVKQP 50 Swrteoe eqwtt0´ au the eqwtt f�teetu0 Vhe�t eqorenuat�qn uha＀＀ be h�zef
(a) QTGAPK\AVKQP0´Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀ b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe oatuha＀ uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq
eqnu�ut qh uexen �wut�eeu0 Qh the uexen �wut�eeu, eaeh ezeewte the rtqeeuu qh the eqwtt thtqwihqwt the utate,
arre＀＀ate f�utt�et uha＀＀ haxe at ＀eaut qne �wut�ee e＀eetef anf �n an{ eqwnt{ oa{ ferwt�ze the uhet�hh qt a ferwt{
qt arrq�ntef htqo the f�utt�et tq the uwrteoe eqwtt whq uhet�hh hqt uweh rwtrque0
�u a teu�fent qh the f�utt�et at the t�oe qh the qt�i�na＀ J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0'u 6;, 83, 3;98;
afqrtef 3;98; Ao0 S0J0T0 22/E, 3;9;; afqrtef 3;82; Ao0 J0J0T0 93, 3;88; afqrtef
arrq�ntoent qt e＀eet�qn0 H�xe �wut�eeu uha＀＀ eqnut�twte a 3;88; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8,
qwqtwo0 Vhe eqnewttenee qh hqwt �wut�eeu uha＀＀ be h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
neeeuuat{ tq a fee�u�qn0 Yhen teewua＀u hqt eawue
wqw＀f rtqh�b�t the eqwtt htqo eqnxen�ni beeawue qh SGEVKQP 60 D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀0´
the teqw�teoentu qh th�u ueet�qn, �wfieu auu�inef tq (a) QTGAPK\AVKQP0´Vhete uha＀＀ be a f�utt�et
teorqtat{ fwt{ oa{ be uwbut�twtef hqt �wut�eeu0 eqwtt qh arrea＀ uetx�ni eaeh arre＀＀ate f�utt�et0 Gaeh
(b) JWTKSDKEVKQP0´Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt< f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ uha＀＀ eqnu�ut qh at ＀eaut thtee
(3) Sha＀＀ heat arrea＀u htqo h�na＀ �wfioentu qh tt�a＀ �wfieu0 Vhtee �wfieu uha＀＀ eqnu�fet eaeh eaue anf the
eqwttu �orqu�ni the feath rena＀t{ anf htqo fee�u�qnu qh eqnewttenee qh twq uha＀＀ be neeeuuat{ tq a fee�u�qn0
f�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀ fee＀at�ni �nxa＀�f a utate utatwte (b) JWTKSDKEVKQP0´
qt a rtqx�u�qn qh the utate eqnut�twt�qn0 (3) D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀ uha＀＀ haxe �wt�uf�et�qn tq
(2) Yhen rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, uha＀＀ heat heat arrea＀u, that oa{ be ta�en au a oattet qh t�iht,
arrea＀u htqo h�na＀ �wfioentu entetef �n rtqeeef�niu htqo h�na＀ �wfioentu qt qtfetu qh tt�a＀ eqwttu, �ne＀wf�ni
hqt the xa＀�fat�qn qh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu qh �nfebtef/ thque entetef qn tex�ew qh afo�n�uttat�xe aet�qn, nqt
neuu anf uha＀＀ tex�ew aet�qn qh utatew�fe aiene�eu f�teet＀{ arrea＀ab＀e tq the uwrteoe eqwtt qt a e�tew�t
te＀at�ni tq tateu qt uetx�ee qh wt�＀�t�eu rtqx�f�ni e＀eett�e, eqwtt0 Vhe{ oa{ tex�ew �ntet＀qewtqt{ qtfetu �n uweh
iau, qt te＀erhqne uetx�ee0 eaueu tq the eztent rtqx�fef b{ tw＀eu afqrtef b{ the
(5) Ma{ tex�ew an{ fee�u�qn qh a f�utt�et eqwtt qh uwrteoe eqwtt0
arrea＀ that ezrteuu＀{ fee＀ateu xa＀�f a utate utatwte, qt (2) D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀ uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet qh
that ezrteuu＀{ eqnuttweu a rtqx�u�qn qh the utate qt f�teet tex�ew qh afo�n�uttat�xe aet�qn, au rteuet�bef b{
hefeta＀ eqnut�twt�qn, qt that ezrteuu＀{ ahheetu a e＀auu qh ieneta＀ ＀aw0
eqnut�twt�qna＀ qt utate qhh�eetu, qt that ezrteuu＀{ anf (5) A f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ qt an{ �wfie theteqh
f�teet＀{ eqnh＀�etu w�th a fee�u�qn qh anqthet f�utt�et eqwtt oa{ �uuwe wt�tu qh habeau eqtrwu tetwtnab＀e behqte the
qh arrea＀ qt qh the uwrteoe eqwtt qn the uaoe qweut�qn eqwtt qt an{ �wfie theteqh qt behqte an{ e�tew�t �wfie
qh ＀aw0 w�th�n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the eqwtt0 A f�utt�et
(6) Ma{ tex�ew an{ fee�u�qn qh a f�utt�et eqwtt qh eqwtt qh arrea＀ oa{ �uuwe wt�tu qh oanfaowu, eett�qtat�,
arrea＀ that rauueu wrqn a qweut�qn eett�h�ef b{ �t tq be rtqh�b�t�qn, qwq wattantq, anf qthet wt�tu neeeuuat{ tq
qh iteat rwb＀�e �orqttanee, qt that �u eett�h�ef b{ �t tq be the eqor＀ete ezete�ue qh �tu �wt�uf�et�qn0 Vq the eztent
�n f�teet eqnh＀�et w�th a fee�u�qn qh anqthet f�utt�et eqwtt neeeuuat{ tq f�urque qh a＀＀ �uuweu �n a eawue rtqret＀{
qh arrea＀0 behqte �t, a f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ oa{ ezete�ue an{ qh
(5) Ma{ tex�ew an{ qtfet qt �wfioent qh a tt�a＀ eqwtt the arre＀＀ate �wt�uf�et�qn qh the e�tew�t eqwttu0
eett�h�ef b{ the f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ �n wh�eh an arrea＀ (e) ENGTMS APD MATSJANS0´Gaeh f�utt�et eqwtt
�u renf�ni tq be qh iteat rwb＀�e �orqttanee, qt tq haxe a qh arrea＀ uha＀＀ arrq�nt a e＀et� anf a oatuha＀ whq uha＀＀
iteat ehheet qn the rtqret afo�n�uttat�qn qh �wut�ee hq＀f qhh�ee fwt�ni the r＀eauwte qh the eqwtt anf rethqto
thtqwihqwt the utate, anf eett�h�ef tq teqw�te �ooef�ate uweh fwt�eu au the eqwtt f�teetu0 Vhe�t eqorenuat�qn
teuq＀wt�qn b{ the uwrteoe eqwtt0 uha＀＀ be h�zef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe oatuha＀ uha＀＀ haxe the
38
ATVKENG V EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG V

rqwet tq ezeewte the rtqeeuu qh the eqwtt thtqwihqwt SGEVKQP ;0 Deteto�nat�qn qh nwobet qh �wfieu0
the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the eqwtt, anf �n an{ eqwnt{ Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀ eutab＀�uh b{ tw＀e wn�hqto
oa{ ferwt�ze the uhet�hh qt a ferwt{ uhet�hh hqt uweh et�tet�a hqt the feteto�nat�qn qh the neef hqt aff�t�qna＀
rwtrque0 �wfieu ezeert uwrteoe eqwtt �wut�eeu, the neeeuu�t{ hqt
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920 feeteau�ni the nwobet qh �wfieu anf hqt �neteau�ni,
feeteau�ni qt tefeh�n�ni arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu anf �wf�e�a＀
SGEVKQP 50 E�tew�t eqwttu0´ e�tew�tu0 Kh the uwrteoe eqwtt h�nfu that a neef ez�utu hqt
(a) QTGAPK\AVKQP0´Vhete uha＀＀ be a e�tew�t eqwtt �neteau�ni qt feeteau�ni the nwobet qh �wfieu qt
uetx�ni eaeh �wf�e�a＀ e�tew�t0 �neteau�ni, feeteau�ni qt tefeh�n�ni arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu
(b) JWTKSDKEVKQP0´Vhe e�tew�t eqwttu uha＀＀ haxe anf �wf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu, �t uha＀＀, rt�qt tq the nezt teiw＀at
qt�i�na＀ �wt�uf�et�qn nqt xeutef �n the eqwnt{ eqwttu, anf ueuu�qn qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte, eett�h{ tq the ＀ei�u＀atwte �tu
�wt�uf�et�qn qh arrea＀u when rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 h�nf�niu anf teeqooenfat�qnu eqneetn�ni uweh neef0
Vhe{ uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq �uuwe wt�tu qh oanfaowu, Wrqn teee�rt qh uweh eett�h�eate, the ＀ei�u＀atwte, at the
qwq wattantq, eett�qtat�, rtqh�b�t�qn anf habeau eqtrwu, nezt teiw＀at ueuu�qn, uha＀＀ eqnu�fet the h�nf�niu anf
anf a＀＀ wt�tu neeeuuat{ qt rtqret tq the eqor＀ete teeqooenfat�qnu anf oa{ te�eet the teeqooenfat�qnu
ezete�ue qh the�t �wt�uf�et�qn0 Jwt�uf�et�qn qh the e�tew�t qt b{ ＀aw �or＀eoent the teeqooenfat�qnu �n whq＀e qt �n
eqwtt uha＀＀ be wn�hqto thtqwihqwt the utate0 Vhe{ uha＀＀ ratt; rtqx�fef the ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ eteate oqte �wf�e�a＀
haxe the rqwet qh f�teet tex�ew qh afo�n�uttat�xe aet�qn qhh�eeu than ate teeqooenfef b{ the uwrteoe eqwtt qt
rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 oa{ feeteaue the nwobet qh �wf�e�a＀ qhh�eeu b{ a iteatet
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920 nwobet than teeqooenfef b{ the eqwtt qn＀{ wrqn a
h�nf�ni qh twq/th�tfu qh the oeobetuh�r qh bqth hqwueu
SGEVKQP 80 Eqwnt{ eqwttu0´ qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte, that uweh a neef ez�utu0 A feeteaue �n
(a) QTGAPK\AVKQP0´Vhete uha＀＀ be a eqwnt{ the nwobet qh �wfieu uha＀＀ be ehheet�xe qn＀{ ahtet the
eqwtt �n eaeh eqwnt{0 Vhete uha＀＀ be qne qt oqte �wfieu ezr�tat�qn qh a teto0 Kh the uwrteoe eqwtt ha�＀u tq oa�e
hqt eaeh eqwnt{ eqwtt au rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 h�nf�niu au rtqx�fef abqxe when neef ez�utu, the
(b) JWTKSDKEVKQP0´Vhe eqwnt{ eqwttu uha＀＀ ez/ ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ b{ eqnewttent teuq＀wt�qn teqweut the
ete�ue the �wt�uf�et�qn rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Sweh eqwtt tq eett�h{ �tu h�nf�niu anf teeqooenfat�qnu anf
�wt�uf�et�qn uha＀＀ be wn�hqto thtqwihqwt the utate0 wrqn the ha�＀wte qh the eqwtt tq eett�h{ �tu h�nf�niu hqt n�ne
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920
eqnueewt�xe oqnthu, the ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{, wrqn a h�nf�ni
qh twq/th�tfu qh the oeobetuh�r qh bqth hqwueu qh the
SGEVKQP 90 Sree�a＀�zef f�x�u�qnu0´A＀＀ eqwttu ＀ei�u＀atwte that a neef ez�utu, �neteaue qt feeteaue the
ezeert the uwrteoe eqwtt oa{ u�t �n f�x�u�qnu au oa{ nwobet qh �wfieu qt �neteaue, feeteaue qt tefeh�ne
be eutab＀�uhef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 A e�tew�t qt eqwnt{ eqwtt arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu anf �wf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu0
oa{ hq＀f e�x�＀ anf et�o�na＀ tt�a＀u anf heat�niu �n an{ J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920
r＀aee w�th�n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the eqwtt au
feu�inatef b{ the eh�eh �wfie qh the e�tew�t0 SGEVKQP 320 Tetent�qn; e＀eet�qn anf tetou0´
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920 (a) An{ �wut�ee qt �wfie oa{ qwa＀�h{ hqt tetent�qn b{ a
xqte qh the e＀eetqtu �n the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn nezt
SGEVKQP 80 G＀�i�b�＀�t{0´Pq retuqn uha＀＀ be e＀�i�/ rteeef�ni the ezr�tat�qn qh the �wut�ee'u qt �wfie'u
b＀e hqt qhh�ee qh �wut�ee qt �wfie qh an{ eqwtt wn＀euu the teto �n the oannet rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0 Kh a �wut�ee qt
retuqn �u an e＀eetqt qh the utate anf teu�feu �n the �wfie �u �ne＀�i�b＀e qt ha�＀u tq qwa＀�h{ hqt tetent�qn, a
tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the eqwtt0 Pq �wut�ee qt �wfie xaeane{ uha＀＀ ez�ut �n that qhh�ee wrqn the ezr�tat�qn qh
uha＀＀ uetxe ahtet atta�n�ni the aie qh uexent{ {eatu the teto be�ni uetxef b{ the �wut�ee qt �wfie0 Yhen a
ezeert wrqn teorqtat{ auu�inoent qt tq eqor＀ete a �wut�ee qt �wfie uq qwa＀�h�eu, the ba＀＀qt uha＀＀ teaf
teto, qne/ha＀h qh wh�eh hau been uetxef0 Pq retuqn �u uwbutant�a＀＀{ au hq＀＀qwu< ¬Sha＀＀ Jwut�ee (qt Jwfie)
e＀�i�b＀e hqt the qhh�ee qh �wut�ee qh the uwrteoe eqwtt qt (naoe qh �wut�ee qt �wfie) qh the (naoe qh the eqwtt) be teta�nef
�wfie qh a f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ wn＀euu the retuqn �u, �n qhh�eeA¹ Kh a oa�qt�t{ qh the qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu xqt�ni
anf hau been hqt the rteeef�ni ten {eatu, a oeobet qh w�th�n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the eqwtt xqte tq teta�n,
the bat qh H＀qt�fa0 Pq retuqn �u e＀�i�b＀e hqt the qhh�ee qh the �wut�ee qt �wfie uha＀＀ be teta�nef hqt a teto qh u�z
e�tew�t �wfie wn＀euu the retuqn �u, anf hau been hqt the {eatu0 Vhe teto qh the �wut�ee qt �wfie teta�nef uha＀＀
rteeef�ni h�xe {eatu, a oeobet qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa0 eqooenee qn the h�tut Vweufa{ ahtet the h�tut Mqnfa{ �n
Wn＀euu qthetw�ue rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, nq retuqn �u Janwat{ hq＀＀qw�ni the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn0 Kh a oa�qt�t{ qh
e＀�i�b＀e hqt the qhh�ee qh eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfie wn＀euu the the qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu xqt�ni w�th�n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�e/
retuqn �u, anf hau been hqt the rteeef�ni h�xe {eatu, a t�qn qh the eqwtt xqte tq nqt teta�n, a xaeane{ uha＀＀ ez�ut
oeobet qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa0 Wn＀euu qthetw�ue rtqx�fef �n that qhh�ee wrqn the ezr�tat�qn qh the teto be�ni
b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, a retuqn uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e hqt e＀eet�qn qt uetxef b{ the �wut�ee qt �wfie0
arrq�ntoent tq the qhh�ee qh eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfie �n a (b)(3) Vhe e＀eet�qn qh e�tew�t �wfieu uha＀＀ be rte/
eqwnt{ hax�ni a rqrw＀at�qn qh 62,222 qt ＀euu �h the uetxef nqtw�thutanf�ni the rtqx�u�qnu qh uwbueet�qn (a)
retuqn �u a oeobet �n iqqf utanf�ni qh the bat qh wn＀euu a oa�qt�t{ qh thque xqt�ni �n the �wt�uf�et�qn qh that
H＀qt�fa0 e�tew�t arrtqxeu a ＀qea＀ qrt�qn tq ue＀eet e�tew�t �wfieu b{
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 J0J0T0 59, 3;86; afqrtef 3;86
(ehheet�xe Jw＀{ 3, 3;85); Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn,
oet�t ue＀eet�qn anf tetent�qn tathet than b{ e＀eet�qn0
Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 Vhe e＀eet�qn qh e�tew�t �wfieu uha＀＀ be b{ a xqte qh the
39
ATVKENG V EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG V

qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu w�th�n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the u�zt{ fa{u ahtet the nqo�nat�qnu haxe been eett�h�ef tq
eqwtt0 the iqxetnqt0
(2) Vhe e＀eet�qn qh eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu uha＀＀ be (f) Vhete uha＀＀ be a ueratate �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni
rteuetxef nqtw�thutanf�ni the rtqx�u�qnu qh uwbueet�qn eqoo�uu�qn au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw hqt the uwrteoe
(a) wn＀euu a oa�qt�t{ qh thque xqt�ni �n the �wt�uf�et�qn qh eqwtt, eaeh f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀, anf eaeh �wf�e�a＀
that eqwnt{ arrtqxeu a ＀qea＀ qrt�qn tq ue＀eet eqwnt{ e�tew�t hqt a＀＀ tt�a＀ eqwttu w�th�n the e�tew�t0 Wn�hqto tw＀eu
�wfieu b{ oet�t ue＀eet�qn anf tetent�qn tathet than b{ qh rtqeefwte uha＀＀ be eutab＀�uhef b{ the �wf�e�a＀
e＀eet�qn0 Vhe e＀eet�qn qh eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu uha＀＀ be b{ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qnu at eaeh ＀exe＀ qh the eqwtt
a xqte qh the qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu w�th�n the tett�tqt�a＀ u{uteo0 Sweh tw＀eu, qt an{ ratt theteqh, oa{ be
�wt�uf�et�qn qh the eqwtt0 terea＀ef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw enaetef b{ a oa�qt�t{ xqte qh
(5)a0 A xqte tq ezete�ue a ＀qea＀ qrt�qn tq ue＀eet the oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte, qt b{
e�tew�t eqwtt �wfieu anf eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu b{ oet�t the uwrteoe eqwtt, h�xe �wut�eeu eqnewtt�ni0 Gzeert hqt
ue＀eet�qn anf tetent�qn tathet than b{ e＀eet�qn uha＀＀ be fe＀�betat�qnu qh the �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qnu,
he＀f �n eaeh e�tew�t anf eqwnt{ at the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn �n the rtqeeef�niu qh the eqoo�uu�qnu anf the�t teeqtfu
the {eat 22220 Kh a xqte tq ezete�ue th�u ＀qea＀ qrt�qn ha�＀u uha＀＀ be qren tq the rwb＀�e0
�n a xqte qh the e＀eetqtu, uweh qrt�qn uha＀＀ nqt aia�n be J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0'u 6;, 83, 3;98;
afqrtef 3;98; Ao0 J0J0T0 3382, 3;86; afqrtef 3;86; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 ;98, 3;;8;
rwt tq a xqte qh the e＀eetqtu qh that �wt�uf�et�qn wnt�＀ the afqrtef 3;;8; Aou0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0
ezr�tat�qn qh at ＀eaut twq {eatu0 9 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
b0 Ahtet the {eat 2222, a e�tew�t oa{ �n�t�ate the ＀qea＀
qrt�qn hqt oet�t ue＀eet�qn anf tetent�qn qt the e＀eet�qn qh SGEVKQP 320 D�ue�r＀�ne; teoqxa＀ anf tet�te/
e�tew�t �wfieu, wh�ehexet �u arr＀�eab＀e, b{ h�＀�ni w�th the oent0´
ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu a ret�t�qn u�inef b{ the (a) JWDKEKAN SWANKHKEAVKQPS EQMMKSSKQP0´
nwobet qh e＀eetqtu eqwa＀ tq at ＀eaut ten reteent qh the A �wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqoo�uu�qn �u eteatef0
xqteu eaut �n the e�tew�t �n the ＀aut rteeef�ni e＀eet�qn �n (3) Vhete uha＀＀ be a �wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqoo�u/
wh�eh rteu�fent�a＀ e＀eetqtu wete ehquen0 u�qn xeutef w�th �wt�uf�et�qn tq �nxeut�iate anf teeqo/
e0 Ahtet the {eat 2222, a eqwnt{ oa{ �n�t�ate the oenf tq the Swrteoe Eqwtt qh H＀qt�fa the teoqxa＀ htqo
＀qea＀ qrt�qn hqt oet�t ue＀eet�qn anf tetent�qn qt the qhh�ee qh an{ �wut�ee qt �wfie whque eqnfwet, fwt�ni teto
e＀eet�qn qh eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu, wh�ehexet �u arr＀�eab＀e, qh qhh�ee qt qthetw�ue qeewtt�ni qn qt ahtet Pqxeobet 3,
b{ h�＀�ni w�th the uwretx�uqt qh e＀eet�qnu a ret�t�qn u�inef 3;88, (w�thqwt teiatf tq the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u
b{ the nwobet qh e＀eetqtu eqwa＀ tq at ＀eaut ten reteent qh ueet�qn) feoqnuttateu a rteuent wnh�tneuu tq hq＀f qhh�ee,
the xqteu eaut �n the eqwnt{ �n the ＀aut rteeef�ni e＀eet�qn anf tq �nxeut�iate anf teeqooenf the f�ue�r＀�ne qh a
�n wh�eh rteu�fent�a＀ e＀eetqtu wete ehquen0 Vhe tetou qh �wut�ee qt �wfie whque eqnfwet, fwt�ni teto qh qhh�ee qt
e�tew�t �wfieu anf �wfieu qh eqwnt{ eqwttu uha＀＀ be hqt u�z qthetw�ue qeewtt�ni qn qt ahtet Pqxeobet 3, 3;88
{eatu0 (w�thqwt teiatf tq the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u ueet�qn),
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0'u 6;, 83, 3;98; wattantu uweh f�ue�r＀�ne0 Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn,
afqrtef 3;98; Aou0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0
9 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 f�ue�r＀�ne �u feh�nef au an{ qt a＀＀ qh the hq＀＀qw�ni<
tert�oanf, h�ne, uwurenu�qn w�th qt w�thqwt ra{, qt
SGEVKQP 330 Vaeane�eu0´ ＀aw{et f�ue�r＀�ne0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ haxe �wt�uf�e/
(a) Yhenexet a xaeane{ qeewtu �n a �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee tq t�qn qxet �wut�eeu anf �wfieu teiatf�ni a＀＀eiat�qnu that
wh�eh e＀eet�qn hqt tetent�qn arr＀�eu, the iqxetnqt uha＀＀ o�ueqnfwet qeewttef behqte qt fwt�ni uetx�ee au a
h�＀＀ the xaeane{ b{ arrq�nt�ni hqt a teto enf�ni qn the �wut�ee qt �wfie �h a eqor＀a�nt �u oafe nq ＀atet than qne
h�tut Vweufa{ ahtet the h�tut Mqnfa{ �n Janwat{ qh the {eat hq＀＀qw�ni uetx�ee au a �wut�ee qt �wfie0 Vhe
{eat hq＀＀qw�ni the nezt ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn qeewtt�ni at eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ haxe �wt�uf�et�qn teiatf�ni a＀＀eiat�qnu
＀eaut qne {eat ahtet the fate qh arrq�ntoent, qne qh nqt qh �nearae�t{ fwt�ni uetx�ee au a �wut�ee qt �wfie0 Vhe
hewet than thtee retuqnu nqt oqte than u�z retuqnu eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be eqorquef qh<
nqo�natef b{ the arrtqrt�ate �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqo/ a0 Vwq �wfieu qh f�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀ ue＀eetef
o�uu�qn0 b{ the �wfieu qh thque eqwttu, twq e�tew�t �wfieu ue＀eetef
(b) Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ h�＀＀ eaeh xaeane{ qn a e�tew�t b{ the �wfieu qh the e�tew�t eqwttu anf twq �wfieu qh
eqwtt qt qn a eqwnt{ eqwtt, whete�n the �wfieu ate eqwnt{ eqwttu ue＀eetef b{ the �wfieu qh thque eqwttu;
e＀eetef b{ a oa�qt�t{ xqte qh the e＀eetqtu, b{ arrq�nt�ni b0 Hqwt e＀eetqtu whq teu�fe �n the utate, whq ate
hqt a teto enf�ni qn the h�tut Vweufa{ ahtet the h�tut oeobetu qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa, anf whq uha＀＀ be ehquen
Mqnfa{ �n Janwat{ qh the {eat hq＀＀qw�ni the nezt b{ the iqxetn�ni bqf{ qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa; anf
rt�oat{ anf ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn qeewtt�ni at ＀eaut qne e0 H�xe e＀eetqtu whq teu�fe �n the utate, whq haxe
{eat ahtet the fate qh arrq�ntoent, qne qh nqt hewet than nexet he＀f �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee qt been oeobetu qh the bat qh
thtee retuqnu nqt oqte than u�z retuqnu nqo�natef b{ H＀qt�fa, anf whq uha＀＀ be arrq�ntef b{ the iqxetnqt0
the arrtqrt�ate �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn0 An (2) Vhe oeobetu qh the �wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqo/
e＀eet�qn uha＀＀ be he＀f tq h�＀＀ that �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee hqt the o�uu�qn uha＀＀ uetxe utaiietef tetou, nqt tq ezeeef u�z
teto qh the qhh�ee bei�nn�ni at the enf qh the arrq�ntef {eatu, au rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Pq oeobet qh the
teto0 eqoo�uu�qn ezeert a �wfie uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e hqt utate
(e) Vhe nqo�nat�qnu uha＀＀ be oafe w�th�n th�tt{ fa{u �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee wh�＀e aet�ni au a oeobet qh the eqoo�u/
htqo the qeewttenee qh a xaeane{ wn＀euu the ret�qf �u u�qn anf hqt a ret�qf qh twq {eatu theteahtet0 Pq
eztenfef b{ the iqxetnqt hqt a t�oe nqt tq ezeeef th�tt{ oeobet qh the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ hq＀f qhh�ee �n a rq＀�t�ea＀
fa{u0 Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ oa�e the arrq�ntoent w�th�n ratt{ qt ratt�e�rate �n an{ eaora�in hqt �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee qt
38
ATVKENG V EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG V

hq＀f rwb＀�e qhh�ee; rtqx�fef that a �wfie oa{ eaora�in the rethqtoanee qh �wf�e�a＀ fwt�eu0 Ma＀ah�feu, ue�entet qt
hqt �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee anf hq＀f that qhh�ee0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn oqta＀ twtr�twfe qn the ratt qh a �wut�ee qt �wfie uha＀＀ nqt
uha＀＀ e＀eet qne qh �tu oeobetu au �tu eha�tretuqn0 be teqw�tef hqt teoqxa＀ htqo qhh�ee qh a �wut�ee qt �wfie
(5) Meobetu qh the �wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqoo�u/ whque eqnfwet feoqnuttateu a rteuent wnh�tneuu tq
u�qn nqt uwb�eet tq �oreaehoent uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq hq＀f qhh�ee0 Ahtet the h�＀�ni qh a hqtoa＀ rtqeeef�ni anf
teoqxa＀ htqo the eqoo�uu�qn rwtuwant tq the rtqx�u�qnu wrqn teqweut qh the �nxeut�iat�xe rane＀, the uwrteoe
qh Att�e＀e KV, Seet�qn 9, H＀qt�fa Eqnut�twt�qn0 eqwtt oa{ uwurenf the �wut�ee qt �wfie htqo qhh�ee, w�th
(6) Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ afqrt tw＀eu teiw＀at�ni �tu qt w�thqwt eqorenuat�qn, renf�ni h�na＀ feteto�nat�qn qh
rtqeeef�niu, the h�＀＀�ni qh xaeane�eu b{ the arrq�nt�ni the �nqw�t{0
awthqt�t�eu, the f�uqwa＀�h�eat�qn qh oeobetu, the tqtat�qn (2) Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt oa{ awatf equtu tq the
qh oeobetu between the rane＀u, anf the teorqtat{ rtexa�＀�ni ratt{0
ter＀aeeoent qh f�uqwa＀�h�ef qt �nearae�tatef oeobetu0 (f) Vhe rqwet qh teoqxa＀ eqnhettef b{ th�u ueet�qn
Vhe eqoo�uu�qn'u tw＀eu, qt an{ ratt theteqh, oa{ be uha＀＀ be bqth a＀tetnat�xe anf ewow＀at�xe tq the rqwet qh
terea＀ef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw enaetef b{ a oa�qt�t{ xqte qh �oreaehoent0
the oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte, qt b{ (e) Pqtw�thutanf�ni an{ qh the hqteiq�ni rtqx�u�qnu
the uwrteoe eqwtt, h�xe �wut�eeu eqnewtt�ni0 Vhe eqo/ qh th�u ueet�qn, �h the retuqn whq �u the uwb�eet qh
o�uu�qn uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq �uuwe uwbrqenau0 Wnt�＀ rtqeeef�niu b{ the �wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqoo�uu�qn �u
hqtoa＀ ehatieu aia�nut a �wut�ee qt �wfie ate h�＀ef b{ the a �wut�ee qh the uwrteoe eqwtt qh H＀qt�fa a＀＀ �wut�eeu qh
�nxeut�iat�xe rane＀ w�th the e＀et� qh the uwrteoe eqwtt qh uweh eqwtt awtqoat�ea＀＀{ uha＀＀ be f�uqwa＀�h�ef tq u�t au
H＀qt�fa a＀＀ rtqeeef�niu b{ qt behqte the eqoo�uu�qn �wut�eeu qh uweh eqwtt w�th teureet tq a＀＀ rtqeeef�niu
uha＀＀ be eqnh�fent�a＀; rtqx�fef, hqwexet, wrqn a h�nf�ni thete�n eqneetn�ni uweh retuqn anf the uwrteoe eqwtt
qh rtqbab＀e eawue anf the h�＀�ni b{ the �nxeut�iat�xe hqt uweh rwtrqueu uha＀＀ be eqorquef qh a rane＀
rane＀ w�th ua�f e＀et� qh uweh hqtoa＀ ehatieu aia�nut a eqnu�ut�ni qh the uexen eh�eh �wfieu qh the �wf�e�a＀
�wut�ee qt �wfie uweh ehatieu anf a＀＀ hwtthet rtqeeef/ e�tew�tu qh the utate qh H＀qt�fa oqut uen�qt �n tenwte qh
�niu behqte the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be rwb＀�e0 �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee au e�tew�t �wfie0 Hqt rwtrqueu qh feteto�n/
(5) Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ haxe aeeeuu tq a＀＀ �nhqt/ �ni uen�qt�t{ qh uweh e�tew�t �wfieu �n the exent thete be
oat�qn htqo a＀＀ ezeewt�xe, ＀ei�u＀at�xe anf �wf�e�a＀ �wfieu qh eqwa＀ tenwte �n �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee au e�tew�t �wfie
aiene�eu, �ne＀wf�ni itanf �wt�eu, uwb�eet tq the tw＀eu the �wfie qt �wfieu htqo the ＀qwet nwobetef e�tew�t qt
qh the eqoo�uu�qn0 At an{ t�oe, qn teqweut qh the e�tew�tu uha＀＀ be feeoef uen�qt0 Kn the exent an{ uweh
urea�et qh the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu qt the iqxetnqt, eh�eh e�tew�t �wfie �u wnfet �nxeut�iat�qn b{ the �wf�e�a＀
the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ oa�e axa�＀ab＀e a＀＀ �nhqtoat�qn �n qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqoo�uu�qn qt �u qthetw�ue f�uqwa＀�h�ef qt
the rquueuu�qn qh the eqoo�uu�qn hqt wue �n eqnu�feta/ wnab＀e tq uetxe qn the rane＀, the nezt oqut uen�qt eh�eh
t�qn qh �oreaehoent qt uwurenu�qn, teureet�xe＀{0 e�tew�t �wfie qt �wfieu uha＀＀ uetxe �n r＀aee qh uweh
(b) PAPGNS0´Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be f�x�fef �ntq f�uqwa＀�h�ef qt f�uab＀ef eh�eh e�tew�t �wfie0
an �nxeut�iat�xe rane＀ anf a heat�ni rane＀ au eutab/ (h) SEJGDWNG VQ SGEVKQP 320´
＀�uhef b{ tw＀e qh the eqoo�uu�qn0 Vhe �nxeut�iat�xe (3) Gzeert tq the eztent �neqnu�utent w�th the rtqx�/
rane＀ �u xeutef w�th the �wt�uf�et�qn tq teee�xe qt �n�t�ate u�qnu qh th�u ueet�qn, a＀＀ rtqx�u�qnu qh ＀aw anf tw＀eu qh
eqor＀a�ntu, eqnfwet �nxeut�iat�qnu, f�uo�uu eqor＀a�ntu, eqwtt �n hqtee qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀
anf wrqn a xqte qh a u�or＀e oa�qt�t{ qh the rane＀ uwbo�t eqnt�nwe �n ehheet wnt�＀ uwretuefef �n the oannet
hqtoa＀ ehatieu tq the heat�ni rane＀0 Vhe heat�ni rane＀ awthqt�zef b{ the eqnut�twt�qn0
�u xeutef w�th the awthqt�t{ tq teee�xe anf heat hqtoa＀ (2) Ahtet th�u ueet�qn beeqoeu ehheet�xe anf wnt�＀
ehatieu htqo the �nxeut�iat�xe rane＀ anf wrqn a twq/ afqrtef b{ tw＀e qh the eqoo�uu�qn eqnu�utent w�th �t<
th�tfu xqte qh the rane＀ teeqooenf tq the uwrteoe a0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be f�x�fef, au feteto�nef
eqwtt the teoqxa＀ qh a �wut�ee qt �wfie qt the �nxq＀wntat{ b{ the eha�tretuqn, �ntq qne �nxeut�iat�xe rane＀ anf qne
tet�teoent qh a �wut�ee qt �wfie hqt an{ retoanent heat�ni rane＀ tq oeet the teurqnu�b�＀�t�eu uet hqtth �n th�u
f�uab�＀�t{ that uet�qwu＀{ �ntetheteu w�th the rethqtoanee ueet�qn0
qh �wf�e�a＀ fwt�eu0 Wrqn a u�or＀e oa�qt�t{ xqte qh the b0 Vhe �nxeut�iat�xe rane＀ uha＀＀ be eqorquef qh<
oeobetuh�r qh the heat�ni rane＀, the rane＀ oa{ 30 Hqwt �wfieu,
teeqooenf tq the uwrteoe eqwtt that the �wut�ee qt 20 Vwq oeobetu qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa, anf
�wfie be uwb�eet tq arrtqrt�ate f�ue�r＀�ne0 50 Vhtee nqn/＀aw{etu0
(e) SWPTGMG EQWTV0´Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀ e0 Vhe heat�ni rane＀ uha＀＀ be eqorquef qh<
teee�xe teeqooenfat�qnu htqo the �wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�ea/ 30 Vwq �wfieu,
t�qnu eqoo�uu�qn'u heat�ni rane＀0 20 Vwq oeobetu qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa, anf
(3) Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt oa{ aeeert, te�eet, qt oqf�h{ 50 Vwq nqn/＀aw{etu0
�n whq＀e qt �n ratt the h�nf�niu, eqne＀wu�qnu, anf f0 Meobetuh�r qn the rane＀u oa{ tqtate �n a
teeqooenfat�qnu qh the eqoo�uu�qn anf �t oa{ qtfet oannet feteto�nef b{ the tw＀eu qh the eqoo�uu�qn
that the �wut�ee qt �wfie be uwb�eetef tq arrtqrt�ate rtqx�fef that nq oeobet uha＀＀ xqte au a oeobet qh the
f�ue�r＀�ne, qt be teoqxef htqo qhh�ee w�th teto�nat�qn qh �nxeut�iat�xe anf heat�ni rane＀ qn the uaoe rtqeeef/
eqorenuat�qn hqt w�＀＀hw＀ qt retu�utent ha�＀wte tq rethqto �ni0
�wf�e�a＀ fwt�eu qt hqt qthet eqnfwet wnbeeqo�ni a e0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ h�te ueratate utahh hqt eaeh
oeobet qh the �wf�e�at{ feoqnuttat�ni a rteuent rane＀0
wnh�tneuu tq hq＀f qhh�ee, qt be �nxq＀wntat�＀{ tet�tef hqt h0 Vhe oeobetu qh the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ uetxe hqt
an{ retoanent f�uab�＀�t{ that uet�qwu＀{ �ntetheteu w�th utaiietef tetou qh u�z {eatu0
3;
ATVKENG V EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG V

i0 Vhe tetou qh qhh�ee qh the rteuent oeobetu qh the equtu, anf ezrenueu qh the utate eqwttu u{uteo oa{ be
�wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ ezr�te wrqn the hwnfef htqo arrtqrt�ate h�＀�ni heeu hqt �wf�e�a＀ rtqeeef/
ehheet�xe fate qh the aoenfoentu tq th�u ueet�qn �niu anf uetx�ee ehatieu anf equtu hqt rethqto�ni
arrtqxef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte fwt�ni the teiw＀at ueuu�qn eqwtt/te＀atef hwnet�qnu, au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte �n 3;;8 anf new oeobetu uha＀＀ be Yhete the teqw�teoentu qh e�thet the Wn�tef Stateu
arrq�ntef tq uetxe the hq＀＀qw�ni utaiietef tetou< Eqnut�twt�qn qt the Eqnut�twt�qn qh the State qh H＀qt�fa
30 Gtqwr K0´Vhe tetou qh h�xe oeobetu, eqorquef rtee＀wfe the �orqu�t�qn qh h�＀�ni heeu hqt �wf�e�a＀ rtq/
qh twq e＀eetqtu au uet hqtth �n u0 32(a)(3)e0 qh Att�e＀e V, eeef�niu anf uetx�ee ehatieu anf equtu hqt rethqto�ni
qne oeobet qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa au uet hqtth �n u0 eqwtt/te＀atef hwnet�qnu uwhh�e�ent tq hwnf the eqwtt/
32(a)(3)b0 qh Att�e＀e V, qne �wfie htqo the f�utt�et eqwttu te＀atef hwnet�qnu qh the qhh�eeu qh the e＀et�u qh the e�tew�t
qh arrea＀ anf qne e�tew�t �wfie au uet hqtth �n u0 32(a)(3) anf eqwnt{ eqwttu, the utate uha＀＀ rtqx�fe, au fetet/
a0 qh Att�e＀e V, uha＀＀ ezr�te qn Deeeobet 53, 3;;80 o�nef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte, afeqwate anf arrtqrt�ate
20 Gtqwr KK0´Vhe tetou qh h�xe oeobetu, eqo/ uwrr＀eoenta＀ hwnf�ni htqo utate texenweu arrtqrt�atef
rquef qh qne e＀eetqt au uet hqtth �n u0 32(a)(3)e0 qh b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
Att�e＀e V, twq oeobetu qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa au uet hqtth (e) Pq eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{, ezeert au rtqx�fef �n
�n u0 32(a)(3)b0 qh Att�e＀e V, qne e�tew�t �wfie anf qne th�u uwbueet�qn, uha＀＀ be teqw�tef tq rtqx�fe an{ hwnf�ni
eqwnt{ �wfie au uet hqtth �n u0 32(a)(3)a0 qh Att�e＀e V uha＀＀ hqt the utate eqwttu u{uteo, utate attqtne{u' qhh�eeu,
ezr�te qn Deeeobet 53, 22220 rwb＀�e fehenfetu' qhh�eeu, eqwtt/arrq�ntef eqwnue＀ qt the
50 Gtqwr KKK0´Vhe tetou qh h�xe oeobetu, eqo/ qhh�eeu qh the e＀et�u qh the e�tew�t anf eqwnt{ eqwttu
rquef qh twq e＀eetqtu au uet hqtth �n u0 32(a)(3)e0 qh rethqto�ni eqwtt/te＀atef hwnet�qnu0 Eqwnt�eu uha＀＀ be
Att�e＀e V, qne oeobet qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa au uet hqtth �n teqw�tef tq hwnf the equt qh eqoown�eat�qnu uetx�eeu,
u0 32(a)(3)b0, qne �wfie htqo the f�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀ ez�ut�ni taf�q u{uteou, ez�ut�ni ow＀t�/aiene{ et�o�na＀
anf qne eqwnt{ �wfie au uet hqtth �n u0 32(a)(3)a0 qh �wut�ee �nhqtoat�qn u{uteou, anf the equt qh eqnuttwet�qn
Att�e＀e V, uha＀＀ ezr�te qn Deeeobet 53, 22220 qt ＀eaue, oa�ntenanee, wt�＀�t�eu, anf ueewt�t{ qh hae�＀�t�eu
h0 An arrq�ntoent tq h�＀＀ a xaeane{ qh the eqoo�u/ hqt the tt�a＀ eqwttu, rwb＀�e fehenfetu' qhh�eeu, utate
u�qn uha＀＀ be hqt the teoa�nfet qh the teto0 attqtne{u' qhh�eeu, anf the qhh�eeu qh the e＀et�u qh the
�0 Se＀eet�qn qh oeobetu b{ f�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀ e�tew�t anf eqwnt{ eqwttu rethqto�ni eqwtt/te＀atef hwne/
�wfieu, e�tew�t �wfieu, anf eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu, uha＀＀ be t�qnu0 Eqwnt�eu uha＀＀ a＀uq ra{ teauqnab＀e anf neeeu/
b{ nq ＀euu than a oa�qt�t{ qh the oeobetu xqt�ni at the uat{ ua＀at�eu, equtu, anf ezrenueu qh the utate eqwttu
teureet�xe eqwttu' eqnheteneeu0 Se＀eet�qn qh oeobetu u{uteo tq oeet ＀qea＀ teqw�teoentu au feteto�nef b{
b{ the bqatf qh iqxetnqtu qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa uha＀＀ be ieneta＀ ＀aw0
b{ nq ＀euu than a oa�qt�t{ qh the bqatf0 (f) Vhe �wf�e�at{ uha＀＀ haxe nq rqwet tq h�z arrtq/
�0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be ent�t＀ef tq teeqxet the rt�at�qnu0
equtu qh �nxeut�iat�qn anf rtqueewt�qn, �n aff�t�qn tq an{ J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 9, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5,
rena＀t{ ＀ex�ef b{ the uwrteoe eqwtt0 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
�0 Vhe eqorenuat�qn qh oeobetu anf teheteeu
uha＀＀ be the ttaxe＀ ezrenueu qt ttanurqttat�qn anf ret SGEVKQP 350 Attqtne{u; afo�uu�qn anf f�ue�/
f�eo a＀＀qwanee au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 r＀�ne0´Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀ haxe eze＀wu�xe �wt/
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 J0J0T0 5;33, 3;96; afqrtef �uf�et�qn tq teiw＀ate the afo�uu�qn qh retuqnu tq the
3;96; Ao0 J0J0T0 392;, 3;95; afqrtef 3;98; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 ;98, 3;;8; afqrtef
3;;8; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 9, 3;;8, rtaet�ee qh ＀aw anf the f�ue�r＀�ne qh retuqnu afo�ttef0
h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920

SGEVKQP 350 Ptqh�b�tef aet�x�t�eu0´A＀＀ �wut�eeu SGEVKQP 380 E＀et�u qh the e�tew�t eqwttu0´
anf �wfieu uha＀＀ fexqte hw＀＀ t�oe tq the�t �wf�e�a＀ fwt�eu0 Vhete uha＀＀ be �n eaeh eqwnt{ a e＀et� qh the e�tew�t
Vhe{ uha＀＀ nqt eniaie �n the rtaet�ee qh ＀aw qt hq＀f eqwtt whq uha＀＀ be ue＀eetef rwtuwant tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh
qhh�ee �n an{ rq＀�t�ea＀ ratt{0 Att�e＀e VKKK ueet�qn 30 Pqtw�thutanf�ni an{ qthet rtqx�/
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920 u�qn qh the eqnut�twt�qn, the fwt�eu qh the e＀et� qh the
e�tew�t eqwtt oa{ be f�x�fef b{ uree�a＀ qt ieneta＀ ＀aw
SGEVKQP 360 Hwnf�ni0´ between twq qhh�eetu, qne uetx�ni au e＀et� qh eqwtt anf
(a) A＀＀ �wut�eeu anf �wfieu uha＀＀ be eqorenuatef qne uetx�ni au ez qhh�e�q e＀et� qh the bqatf qh eqwnt{
qn＀{ b{ utate ua＀at�eu h�zef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Hwnf�ni hqt eqoo�uu�qnetu, awf�tqt, teeqtfet, anf ewutqf�an qh a＀＀
the utate eqwttu u{uteo, utate attqtne{u' qhh�eeu, rwb＀�e eqwnt{ hwnfu0 Vhete oa{ be a e＀et� qh the eqwnt{ eqwtt �h
fehenfetu' qhh�eeu, anf eqwtt/arrq�ntef eqwnue＀, ezeert awthqt�zef b{ ieneta＀ qt uree�a＀ ＀aw0
au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef �n uwbueet�qn (e), uha＀＀ be J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920
rtqx�fef htqo utate texenweu arrtqrt�atef b{ ieneta＀
＀aw0 SGEVKQP 390 State attqtne{u0´Kn eaeh �wf�e�a＀
(b) A＀＀ hwnf�ni hqt the qhh�eeu qh the e＀et�u qh the e�tew�t a utate attqtne{ uha＀＀ be e＀eetef hqt a teto qh hqwt
e�tew�t anf eqwnt{ eqwttu rethqto�ni eqwtt/te＀atef hwne/ {eatu0 Gzeert au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef �n th�u eqnut�twt�qn,
t�qnu, ezeert au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn the utate attqtne{ uha＀＀ be the rtqueewt�ni qhh�eet qh a＀＀
anf uwbueet�qn (e), uha＀＀ be rtqx�fef b{ afeqwate anf tt�a＀ eqwttu �n that e�tew�t anf uha＀＀ rethqto qthet fwt�eu
arrtqrt�ate h�＀�ni heeu hqt �wf�e�a＀ rtqeeef�niu anf rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw; rtqx�fef, hqwexet, when
uetx�ee ehatieu anf equtu hqt rethqto�ni eqwtt/te＀atef awthqt�zef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, the x�q＀at�qnu qh a＀＀ own�e�ra＀
hwnet�qnu au teqw�tef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Se＀eetef ua＀at�eu, qtf�naneeu oa{ be rtqueewtef b{ own�e�ra＀
22
ATVKENG V EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG V

rtqueewtqtu0 A utate attqtne{ uha＀＀ be an e＀eetqt qh the eaueu �nxq＀x�ni ＀eia＀�t{ qh an{ taz auueuuoent qt tq＀＀; �n
utate anf teu�fe �n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the e�tew�t; the aet�qn qh e�eetoent; anf �n a＀＀ aet�qnu �nxq＀x�ni the
uha＀＀ be anf haxe been a oeobet qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa t�t＀eu qt bqwnfat�eu qt t�iht qh rquueuu�qn qh tea＀
hqt the rteeef�ni h�xe {eatu; uha＀＀ fexqte hw＀＀ t�oe tq the rtqrett{0 Vhe e�tew�t eqwtt oa{ �uuwe �n�wnet�qnu0
fwt�eu qh the qhh�ee; anf uha＀＀ nqt eniaie �n the rt�xate Vhete uha＀＀ be �wf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu wh�eh uha＀＀ be the �wf�e�a＀
rtaet�ee qh ＀aw0 State attqtne{u uha＀＀ arrq�nt uweh e�tew�tu �n ez�utenee qn the fate qh afqrt�qn qh th�u
auu�utant utate attqtne{u au oa{ be awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw0 att�e＀e0 Vhe eh�eh �wfie qh a e�tew�t oa{ awthqt�ze a
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 J0J0T0 588, 3;85; afqrtef
3;88; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8,
eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfie tq qtfet eoetiene{ hqur�ta＀�zat�qnu
h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 rwtuwant tq Ehartet 93/353, Nawu qh H＀qt�fa, �n the
abuenee htqo the eqwnt{ qh the e�tew�t �wfie anf the
SGEVKQP 380 Pwb＀�e fehenfetu0´Kn eaeh �wf�e�a＀ eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfie uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq �uuwe a＀＀
e�tew�t a rwb＀�e fehenfet uha＀＀ be e＀eetef hqt a teto qh teorqtat{ qtfetu anf teorqtat{ �n�wnet�qnu neeeuuat{
hqwt {eatu, whq uha＀＀ rethqto fwt�eu rteuet�bef b{ qt rtqret tq the eqor＀ete ezete�ue qh uweh �wt�uf�et�qn0
ieneta＀ ＀aw0 A rwb＀�e fehenfet uha＀＀ be an e＀eetqt qh the (6) Eqwnt{ eqwttu uha＀＀ haxe qt�i�na＀ �wt�uf�et�qn �n a＀＀
utate anf teu�fe �n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the e�tew�t et�o�na＀ o�ufeoeanqt eaueu nqt eqin�zab＀e b{ the
anf uha＀＀ be anf haxe been a oeobet qh the Dat qh e�tew�t eqwttu, qh a＀＀ x�q＀at�qnu qh own�e�ra＀ anf eqwnt{
H＀qt�fa hqt the rteeef�ni h�xe {eatu0 Pwb＀�e fehenfetu qtf�naneeu, anf qh a＀＀ aet�qnu at ＀aw �n wh�eh the oattet
uha＀＀ arrq�nt uweh auu�utant rwb＀�e fehenfetu au oa{ be �n eqnttqxetu{ fqeu nqt ezeeef the uwo qh twq thqwuanf
awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw0 h�xe hwnftef fq＀＀atu (&2,522022) eze＀wu�xe qh �nteteut
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn anf equtu, ezeert thque w�th�n the eze＀wu�xe �wt�uf�et�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 qh the e�tew�t eqwttu0 Jwfieu qh eqwnt{ eqwttu uha＀＀ be
eqoo�tt�ni oai�uttateu0 Vhe eqwnt{ eqwttu uha＀＀ haxe
SGEVKQP 3;0 Jwf�e�a＀ qhh�eetu au eqnuetxatqtu �wt�uf�et�qn nqw ezete�uef b{ the eqwnt{ �wfie'u eqwttu
qh the reaee0´A＀＀ �wf�e�a＀ qhh�eetu �n th�u utate uha＀＀ be qthet than that xeutef �n the e�tew�t eqwtt b{ uwbueet�qn
eqnuetxatqtu qh the reaee0 (e)(5) heteqh, the �wt�uf�et�qn nqw ezete�uef b{ the
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920 eqwnt{ eqwttu, the e＀a�ou eqwtt, the uoa＀＀ e＀a�ou eqwttu,
the uoa＀＀ e＀a�ou oai�uttateu eqwttu, oai�uttateu eqwttu,
SGEVKQP 220 Sehefw＀e tq Att�e＀e V0´ �wut�ee qh the reaee eqwttu, own�e�ra＀ eqwttu anf eqwttu
(a) Vh�u att�e＀e uha＀＀ ter＀aee a＀＀ qh Att�e＀e V qh the qh ehattetef eqwnt�eu, �ne＀wf�ni bwt nqt ＀�o�tef tq the
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, wh�eh uha＀＀ then eqwnt�eu tehettef tq �n Att�e＀e VKKK, ueet�qnu ;, 32, 33 anf
utanf terea＀ef0 26 qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 38850
(b) Gzeert tq the eztent �neqnu�utent w�th the rtqx�/ (5) Gaeh �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be
u�qnu qh th�u att�e＀e, a＀＀ rtqx�u�qnu qh ＀aw anf tw＀eu qh eqorquef qh the hq＀＀qw�ni<
eqwtt �n hqtee qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀ a0 Vhtee oeobetu arrq�ntef b{ the Dqatf qh
eqnt�nwe �n ehheet wnt�＀ uwretuefef �n the oannet Gqxetnqtu qh Vhe H＀qt�fa Dat htqo aoqni Vhe H＀qt�fa
awthqt�zef b{ the eqnut�twt�qn0 Dat oeobetu whq ate aet�xe＀{ eniaief �n the rtaet�ee
(e) Ahtet th�u att�e＀e beeqoeu ehheet�xe, anf wnt�＀ qh ＀aw w�th qhh�eeu w�th�n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�et�qn qh the
ehanief b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw eqnu�utent w�th ueet�qnu 3 ahheetef eqwtt, f�utt�et qt e�tew�t;
thtqwih 3; qh th�u att�e＀e< b0 Vhtee e＀eetqtu whq teu�fe �n the tett�tqt�a＀
(3) Vhe uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀ haxe the �wt�uf�et�qn �wt�uf�et�qn qh the eqwtt qt e�tew�t arrq�ntef b{ the
�ooef�ate＀{ thetetqhqte ezete�uef b{ �t, anf �t uha＀＀ iqxetnqt; anf
feteto�ne a＀＀ rtqeeef�niu renf�ni behqte �t qn the e0 Vhtee e＀eetqtu whq teu�fe �n the tett�tqt�a＀
ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e0 �wt�uf�et�qn qh the eqwtt qt e�tew�t anf whq ate nqt
(2) Vhe arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu uha＀＀ be thque �n ez�utenee oeobetu qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa, ue＀eetef anf arrq�ntef
qn the fate qh afqrt�qn qh th�u att�e＀e0 Vhete uha＀＀ be a b{ a oa�qt�t{ xqte qh the qthet u�z oeobetu qh the
f�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ �n eaeh f�utt�et0 Vhe f�utt�et eqwttu eqoo�uu�qn0
qh arrea＀ uha＀＀ haxe the �wt�uf�et�qn �ooef�ate＀{ thete/ (8) Pq �wut�ee qt �wfie uha＀＀ be a oeobet qh a �wf�e�a＀
tqhqte ezete�uef b{ the f�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀ anf uha＀＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn0 A oeobet qh a �wf�e�a＀ nqo�/
feteto�ne a＀＀ rtqeeef�niu renf�ni behqte theo qn the nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn oa{ hq＀f rwb＀�e qhh�ee qthet than
ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e0 �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee0 Pq oeobet uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e hqt arrq�nt/
(5) E�tew�t eqwttu uha＀＀ haxe �wt�uf�et�qn qh arrea＀u oent tq utate �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee uq ＀qni au that retuqn �u a
htqo eqwnt{ eqwttu anf own�e�ra＀ eqwttu, ezeert thque oeobet qh a �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn anf hqt a
arrea＀u wh�eh oa{ be ta�en f�teet＀{ tq the uwrteoe ret�qf qh twq {eatu theteahtet0 A＀＀ aetu qh a �wf�e�a＀
eqwtt; anf the{ uha＀＀ haxe eze＀wu�xe qt�i�na＀ �wt�uf�et�qn nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be oafe w�th a eqnewt/
�n a＀＀ aet�qnu at ＀aw nqt eqin�zab＀e b{ the eqwnt{ eqwttu; tenee qh a oa�qt�t{ qh �tu oeobetu0
qh rtqeeef�niu te＀at�ni tq the uett＀eoent qh the eutate qh (9) Vhe oeobetu qh a �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�u/
feeefentu anf o�nqtu, the itant�ni qh ＀ettetu teutaoen/ u�qn uha＀＀ uetxe hqt a teto qh hqwt {eatu ezeert the tetou
tat{, iwatf�anuh�r, �nxq＀wntat{ hqur�ta＀�zat�qn, the fe/ qh the �n�t�a＀ oeobetu qh the �wf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqo/
teto�nat�qn qh �neqoretene{, anf qthet �wt�uf�et�qn o�uu�qnu uha＀＀ ezr�te au hq＀＀qwu<
wuwa＀＀{ retta�n�ni tq eqwttu qh rtqbate; �n a＀＀ eaueu �n a0 Vhe tetou qh qne oeobet qh eateiqt{ a0 b0 anf e0
eqw�t{ �ne＀wf�ni a＀＀ eaueu te＀at�ni tq �wxen�＀eu; qh a＀＀ �n uwbueet�qn (e)(5) heteqh uha＀＀ ezr�te qn Jw＀{ 3, 3;96;
he＀qn�eu anf qh a＀＀ o�ufeoeanqtu at�u�ni qwt qh the uaoe b0 Vhe tetou qh qne oeobet qh eateiqt{ a0 b0 anf e0
e�tewoutaneeu au a he＀qn{ wh�eh �u a＀uq ehatief; �n a＀＀ �n uwbueet�qn (e)(5) heteqh uha＀＀ ezr�te qn Jw＀{ 3, 3;95;
23
ATVKENG V EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG V

e0 Vhe tetou qh qne oeobet qh eateiqt{ a0 b0 anf e0 e�x�＀ anf et�o�na＀ eqwtt qh teeqtf qh P�ne＀＀au Eqwnt{, anf
�n uwbueet�qn (e)(5) heteqh uha＀＀ ezr�te qn Jw＀{ 3, 3;98; eqwnt{ �wfie'u eqwttu anf ueratate �wxen�＀e eqwttu �n
(8) A＀＀ h�neu anf hqthe�twteu at�u�ni htqo qhhenueu eqwnt�eu hax�ni a rqrw＀at�qn �n ezeeuu qh 322,222
tt�ef �n the eqwnt{ eqwtt uha＀＀ be eq＀＀eetef, anf aeeqtf�ni tq the 3;92 hefeta＀ eenuwu0 Qn the ehheet�xe
aeeqwntef hqt b{ e＀et� qh the eqwtt, anf ferqu�tef �n a fate qh th�u att�e＀e, thete uha＀＀ be an aff�t�qna＀ nwobet qh
uree�a＀ ttwut aeeqwnt0 A＀＀ h�neu anf hqthe�twteu teee�xef rqu�t�qnu qh e�tew�t �wfieu eqwa＀ tq the nwobet qh
htqo x�q＀at�qnu qh qtf�naneeu qt o�ufeoeanqtu eqo/ ez�ut�ni e�tew�t �wfieu anf the nwobet qh �wfieu qh
o�ttef w�th�n a eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀ qtf�naneeu eqo/ the abqxe naoef eqwttu whque teto ezr�teu �n 3;950
o�ttef w�th�n a own�e�ra＀�t{ w�th�n the tett�tqt�a＀ �wt�uf�e/ G＀eet�qnu tq uweh qhh�eeu uha＀＀ ta�e r＀aee at the uaoe
t�qn qh the eqwnt{ eqwtt uha＀＀ be ra�f oqnth＀{ tq the t�oe anf oannet au e＀eet�qnu tq qthet utate �wf�e�a＀
eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ teureet�xe＀{0 Kh an{ equtu ate qhh�eeu �n 3;92 anf the tetou qh uweh qhh�eeu uha＀＀ be hqt
auueuuef anf eq＀＀eetef �n eqnneet�qn w�th qhhenueu a teto qh u�z {eatu0 Wn＀euu ehanief rwtuwant tq ueet�qn
tt�ef �n eqwnt{ eqwtt, a＀＀ eqwtt equtu uha＀＀ be ra�f �ntq the n�ne qh th�u att�e＀e, the nwobet qh e�tew�t �wfieu rteuent＀{
ieneta＀ texenwe hwnf qh the utate qh H＀qt�fa anf uweh ez�ut�ni anf eteatef b{ th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ nqt be
qthet hwnfu au rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 ehanief0
(;) An{ own�e�ra＀�t{ qt eqwnt{ oa{ arr＀{ tq the eh�eh
(5) Kn a＀＀ eqwnt�eu hax�ni a rqrw＀at�qn qh ＀euu than
�wfie qh the e�tew�t �n wh�eh that own�e�ra＀�t{ qt eqwnt{ �u
322,222 aeeqtf�ni tq the 3;92 hefeta＀ eenuwu anf
u�twatef hqt the eqwnt{ eqwtt tq u�t �n a ＀qeat�qn uw�tab＀e tq
hax�ni oqte than qne eqwnt{ �wfie qn the fate qh the
the own�e�ra＀�t{ qt eqwnt{ anf eqnxen�ent �n t�oe anf
r＀aee tq �tu e�t�zenu anf rq＀�ee qhh�eetu anf wrqn uweh afqrt�qn qh th�u att�e＀e, thete uha＀＀ be the uaoe nwobet
arr＀�eat�qn ua�f eh�eh �wfie uha＀＀ f�teet the eqwtt tq u�t �n qh �wfieu qh the eqwnt{ eqwtt au thete ate eqwnt{ �wfieu
the ＀qeat�qn wn＀euu the eh�eh �wfie uha＀＀ feteto�ne the ez�ut�ni qn that fate wn＀euu ehanief rwtuwant tq ueet�qn
teqweut �u nqt �wut�h�ef0 Kh the eh�eh �wfie fqeu nqt ; qh th�u att�e＀e0
awthqt�ze the eqwnt{ eqwtt tq u�t �n the ＀qeat�qn (6) Mwn�e�ra＀ eqwttu uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe w�th the�t uaoe
teqweutef, the eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ oa{ arr＀{ tq the �wt�uf�et�qn wnt�＀ aoenfef qt teto�natef �n a oannet
uwrteoe eqwtt hqt an qtfet f�teet�ni the eqwnt{ eqwtt tq rteuet�bef b{ uree�a＀ qt ieneta＀ ＀aw qt qtf�naneeu, qt
u�t �n the ＀qeat�qn0 An{ own�e�ra＀�t{ qt eqwnt{ wh�eh uq wnt�＀ Janwat{ 5, 3;99, wh�ehexet qeewtu h�tut0 Qn that
arr＀�eu uha＀＀ be teqw�tef tq rtqx�fe the arrtqrt�ate fate a＀＀ own�e�ra＀ eqwttu nqt rtex�qwu＀{ abq＀�uhef uha＀＀
rh{u�ea＀ hae�＀�t�eu �n wh�eh the eqwnt{ eqwtt oa{ hq＀f eeaue tq ez�ut0 Jwfieu qh own�e�ra＀ eqwttu uha＀＀ teoa�n
eqwtt0 �n qhh�ee anf be uwb�eet tq tearrq�ntoent qt tee＀eet�qn �n
(32) A＀＀ eqwttu ezeert the uwrteoe eqwtt oa{ u�t �n the oannet rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw wnt�＀ ua�f eqwttu ate
f�x�u�qnu au oa{ be eutab＀�uhef b{ ＀qea＀ tw＀e arrtqxef teto�natef rwtuwant tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u uwbueet�qn0
b{ the uwrteoe eqwtt0 Wrqn own�e�ra＀ eqwttu be�ni teto�natef qt abq＀�uhef �n
(33) A eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfie �n an{ eqwnt{ hax�ni a aeeqtfanee w�th the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u uwbueet�qn, the
rqrw＀at�qn qh 62,222 qt ＀euu aeeqtf�ni tq the ＀aut �wfieu theteqh whq ate nqt oeobetu qh the bat qh
feeenn�a＀ eenuwu, uha＀＀ nqt be teqw�tef tq be a oeobet H＀qt�fa, uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e tq uee� e＀eet�qn au �wfieu qh
qh the bat qh H＀qt�fa0 eqwnt{ eqwttu qh the�t teureet�xe eqwnt�eu0
(32) Mwn�e�ra＀ rtqueewtqtu oa{ rtqueewte x�q＀at�qnu (5) Jwfieu, hq＀f�ni e＀eet�xe qhh�ee �n a＀＀ qthet eqwttu
qh own�e�ra＀ qtf�naneeu0 abq＀�uhef b{ th�u att�e＀e, whque tetou fq nqt ezr�te �n
(35) Jwut�ee uha＀＀ oean a �wut�ee e＀eetef qt arrq�ntef 3;95 �ne＀wf�ni �wfieu eutab＀�uhef rwtuwant tq Att�e＀e
tq the uwrteoe eqwtt anf uha＀＀ nqt �ne＀wfe an{ �wfie VKKK, ueet�qnu ; anf 33 qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885 uha＀＀
auu�inef htqo an{ eqwtt0 uetxe au �wfieu qh the eqwnt{ eqwtt hqt the teoa�nfet qh
(f) Yhen th�u att�e＀e beeqoeu ehheet�xe< the teto tq wh�eh the{ wete e＀eetef0 Wn＀euu eteatef
(3) A＀＀ eqwttu nqt hete�n awthqt�zef, ezeert au rwtuwant tq ueet�qn ;, qh th�u Att�e＀e V uweh �wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee
rtqx�fef b{ uwbueet�qn (f)(6) qh th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ uha＀＀ nqt eqnt�nwe tq ez�ut theteahtet0
eeaue tq ez�ut anf �wt�uf�et�qn tq eqne＀wfe a＀＀ renf�ni (8) D{ Mateh 23, 3;92, the uwrteoe eqwtt uha＀＀
eaueu anf enhqtee a＀＀ rt�qt qtfetu anf �wfioentu uha＀＀
eett�h{ the neef hqt aff�t�qna＀ e�tew�t anf eqwnt{ �wfieu0
xeut �n the eqwtt that wqw＀f haxe �wt�uf�et�qn qh the eawue
Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte �n the 3;92 teiw＀at ueuu�qn oa{ b{
�h theteahtet �nut�twtef0 A＀＀ teeqtfu qh anf rtqrett{ he＀f
ieneta＀ ＀aw eteate aff�t�qna＀ qhh�eeu qh �wfie, the tetou
b{ eqwttu abq＀�uhef heteb{ uha＀＀ be ttanuhettef tq the
rtqret qhh�ee qh the arrtqrt�ate eqwtt wnfet th�u att�e＀e0 qh wh�eh uha＀＀ bei�n qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e0
(2) Jwfieu qh the hq＀＀qw�ni eqwttu, �h the�t tetou fq G＀eet�qnu tq uweh qhh�eeu uha＀＀ ta�e r＀aee at the uaoe
nqt ezr�te �n 3;95 anf �h the{ ate e＀�i�b＀e wnfet t�oe anf oannet au e＀eet�qn tq qthet utate �wf�e�a＀
uwbueet�qn (f)(8) heteqh, uha＀＀ beeqoe aff�t�qna＀ qhh�eeu �n 3;920
�wfieu qh the e�tew�t eqwtt hqt eaeh qh the eqwnt�eu qh (9) Eqwnt{ �wfieu qh ez�ut�ni eqwnt{ �wfie'u eqwttu
the�t teureet�xe e�tew�tu, anf uha＀＀ uetxe au uweh e�tew�t anf �wut�eeu qh the reaee anf oai�uttateu' eqwtt whq ate
�wfieu hqt the teoa�nfet qh the tetou tq wh�eh the{ wete nqt oeobetu qh bat qh H＀qt�fa uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e tq uee�
e＀eetef anf uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e hqt e＀eet�qn au e�tew�t �wfieu e＀eet�qn au eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu qh the�t teureet�xe
theteahtet0 Vheue eqwttu ate< e�x�＀ eqwtt qh teeqtf qh eqwnt�eu0
Dafe eqwnt{, a＀＀ et�o�na＀ eqwttu qh teeqtf, the he＀qn{ (8) Pq �wfie qh a eqwtt abq＀�uhef b{ th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀
eqwttu qh teeqtf qh A＀aehwa, Neqn anf Vq＀wu�a Eqwnt�eu, beeqoe qt be e＀�i�b＀e tq beeqoe a �wfie qh the e�tew�t
the eqwttu qh teeqtf qh Dtqwatf, Dtexatf, Gueaob�a, eqwtt wn＀euu the �wfie hau been a oeobet qh bat qh
J�＀＀ubqtqwih, Nee, Manatee anf Satauqta Eqwnt�eu, the H＀qt�fa hqt the rteeef�ni h�xe {eatu0
22
ATVKENG V EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VK

(;) Vhe qhh�ee qh �wfieu qh a＀＀ qthet eqwttu abq＀�uhef See0

b{ th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀ be abq＀�uhef au qh the ehheet�xe fate
qh th�u att�e＀e0 50 Qath0
(32) Vhe qhh�eeu qh eqwnt{ uq＀�e�tqt anf rtqueewt�ni 60 D�uqwa＀�h�eat�qnu0
attqtne{ uha＀＀ utanf abq＀�uhef, anf a＀＀ eqwnt{ uq＀�e�tqtu 50 Pt�oat{, ieneta＀, anf uree�a＀ e＀eet�qnu0
anf rtqueewt�ni attqtne{u hq＀f�ni uweh qhh�eeu wrqn the 80 Mwn�e�ra＀ anf f�utt�et e＀eet�qnu0
ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀ beeqoe anf uetxe au 90 Eaora�in urenf�ni ＀�o�tu anf hwnf�ni qh eao/
auu�utant utate attqtne{u hqt the e�tew�tu �n wh�eh the�t ra�inu hqt e＀eet�xe utate/w�fe qhh�ee0
eqwnt�eu ate u�twate hqt the teoa�nfet qh the�t tetou, w�th
eqorenuat�qn nqt ＀euu than that teee�xef �ooef�ate＀{ SGEVKQP 30 Teiw＀at�qn qh e＀eet�qnu0´A＀＀ e＀ee/
behqte the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e0 t�qnu b{ the reqr＀e uha＀＀ be b{ f�teet anf ueetet xqte0
(e) NKMKVGD QPGTAVKQP QH SQMG PTQVK/ Geneta＀ e＀eet�qnu uha＀＀ be feteto�nef b{ a r＀wta＀�t{ qh
SKQPS0´ xqteu eaut0 Tei�uttat�qn anf e＀eet�qnu uha＀＀, anf rq＀�t�ea＀
(3) A＀＀ �wut�eeu qh the uwrteoe eqwtt, �wfieu qh the ratt{ hwnet�qnu oa{, be teiw＀atef b{ ＀aw; hqwexet, the
f�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀ anf e�tew�t �wfieu �n qhh�ee wrqn teqw�teoentu hqt a eanf�fate w�th nq ratt{ ahh�＀�at�qn qt
the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀ teta�n the�t qhh�eeu hqt a eanf�fate qh a o�nqt ratt{ hqt r＀aeeoent qh the
hqt the teoa�nfet qh the�t teureet�xe tetou0 A＀＀ oeobetu eanf�fate'u naoe qn the ba＀＀qt uha＀＀ be nq iteatet than
qh the �wf�e�a＀ qwa＀�h�eat�qnu eqoo�uu�qn �n qhh�ee wrqn the teqw�teoentu hqt a eanf�fate qh the ratt{ hax�ni the
the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀ teta�n the�t qhh�eeu ＀atieut nwobet qh tei�utetef xqtetu0
hqt the teoa�nfet qh the�t teureet�xe tetou0 Gaeh utate J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
33, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
attqtne{ �n qhh�ee qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀
teta�n the qhh�ee hqt the teoa�nfet qh the teto0
SGEVKQP 20 G＀eetqtu0´Gxet{ e�t�zen qh the Wn�tef
(2) Pq �wut�ee qt �wfie hq＀f�ni qhh�ee �ooef�ate＀{
Stateu whq �u at ＀eaut e�ihteen {eatu qh aie anf whq �u a
ahtet th�u att�e＀e beeqoeu ehheet�xe whq he＀f �wf�e�a＀
retoanent teu�fent qh the utate, �h tei�utetef au
qhh�ee qn Jw＀{ 3, 3;59, uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq tet�teoent htqo
rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw, uha＀＀ be an e＀eetqt qh the eqwnt{
�wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee beeawue qh aie rwtuwant tq ueet�qn 8 qh
whete tei�utetef0
th�u att�e＀e0 J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
(h) Wnt�＀ qthetw�ue rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw, the nqn�wf�e�a＀ 33, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
fwt�eu teqw�tef qh eqwnt{ �wfieu uha＀＀ be rethqtoef b{
the �wfieu qh the eqwnt{ eqwtt0 SGEVKQP 50 Qath0´Gaeh e＀�i�b＀e e�t�zen wrqn
3(i) A＀＀ rtqx�u�qnu qh Att�e＀e V qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh tei�utet�ni uha＀＀ uwbuet�be the hq＀＀qw�ni< ¬K fq uq＀eon＀{
3885, au aoenfef, nqt eobtaeef hete�n wh�eh ate nqt uweat (qt ahh�to) that K w�＀＀ rtqteet anf fehenf the
�neqnu�utent w�th th�u tex�u�qn uha＀＀ beeqoe utatwteu Eqnut�twt�qn qh the Wn�tef Stateu anf the Eqnut�twt�qn qh
uwb�eet tq oqf�h�eat�qn qt terea＀ au ate qthet utatwteu0 the State qh H＀qt�fa, anf that K ao qwa＀�h�ef tq tei�utet au
(h) Vhe teqw�teoentu qh ueet�qn 36 te＀at�xe tq a＀＀ an e＀eetqt wnfet the Eqnut�twt�qn anf ＀awu qh the State
eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu qt an{ �wfie qh a own�e�ra＀ eqwtt qh H＀qt�fa0¹
whq eqnt�nweu tq hq＀f qhh�ee rwtuwant tq uwbueet�qn
(f)(6) heteqh be�ni eqorenuatef b{ utate ua＀at�eu uha＀＀ SGEVKQP 60 D�uqwa＀�h�eat�qnu0´
nqt arr＀{ rt�qt tq Janwat{ 5, 3;99, wn＀euu qthetw�ue (a) Pq retuqn eqnx�etef qh a he＀qn{, qt af�wf�eatef �n
rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 th�u qt an{ qthet utate tq be oenta＀＀{ �neqoretent, uha＀＀
(�) DGNGVKQP QH QDSQNGVG SEJGDWNG be qwa＀�h�ef tq xqte qt hq＀f qhh�ee wnt�＀ teutqtat�qn qh e�x�＀
KVGMS0´Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ haxe rqwet, b{ eqnewt/ t�ihtu qt teoqxa＀ qh f�uab�＀�t{0
tent teuq＀wt�qn, tq fe＀ete htqo th�u att�e＀e an{ uwbueet�qn (b) Pq retuqn oa{ arreat qn the ba＀＀qt hqt te/
qh th�u ueet�qn 22 �ne＀wf�ni th�u uwbueet�qn, when a＀＀ e＀eet�qn tq an{ qh the hq＀＀qw�ni qhh�eeu<
exentu tq wh�eh the uwbueet�qn tq be fe＀etef �u qt eqw＀f (3) H＀qt�fa terteuentat�xe,
beeqoe arr＀�eab＀e haxe qeewttef0 A ＀ei�u＀at�xe fetet/ (2) H＀qt�fa uenatqt,
o�nat�qn qh haet oafe au a bau�u hqt arr＀�eat�qn qh th�u (5) H＀qt�fa N�ewtenant iqxetnqt,
uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq �wf�e�a＀ tex�ew0 (6) an{ qhh�ee qh the H＀qt�fa eab�net,
(�) GHHGEVKVG DAVG0´Wn＀euu qthetw�ue rtqx�fef (5) W0S0 Terteuentat�xe htqo H＀qt�fa, qt
hete�n, th�u att�e＀e uha＀＀ beeqoe ehheet�xe at 33<5; (8) W0S0 Senatqt htqo H＀qt�fa
q'e＀qe� P0M0, Gautetn Stanfatf V�oe, Janwat{ 3, 3;950
J�utqt{0´S0J0T0 52/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn �h, b{ the enf qh the ewttent teto qh qhh�ee, the retuqn w�＀＀
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 haxe uetxef (qt, bwt hqt teu�inat�qn, wqw＀f haxe uetxef)
3Pqte0´A＀＀ rtqx�u�qnu qh Att0 V qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef,
�n that qhh�ee hqt e�iht eqnueewt�xe {eatu0
eqnu�fetef au utatwtqt{ ＀aw, wete terea＀ef b{ eh0 95/525, Nawu qh H＀qt�fa0 J�utqt{0´Ao0 b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Jw＀{ 25,
3;;2; afqrtef 3;;20
ATVKENG VK
SGEVKQP 50 Pt�oat{, ieneta＀, anf uree�a＀ e＀ee/
SWHHTAGG APD GNGEVKQPS t�qnu0´
(a) A ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn uha＀＀ be he＀f �n eaeh eqwnt{ qn
See0 the h�tut Vweufa{ ahtet the h�tut Mqnfa{ �n Pqxeobet qh
eaeh exen/nwobetef {eat tq ehqque a uweeeuuqt tq
30 Teiw＀at�qn qh e＀eet�qnu0 eaeh e＀eet�xe utate anf eqwnt{ qhh�eet whque teto w�＀＀
20 G＀eetqtu0 ezr�te behqte the nezt ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn anf, ezeert au
25
ATVKENG VK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKK

rtqx�fef hete�n, tq h�＀＀ eaeh xaeane{ �n e＀eet�xe qhh�ee hqt See0

the wnezr�tef rqtt�qn qh the teto0 A ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn
oa{ be uwurenfef qt fe＀a{ef fwe tq a utate qh 380 Nawu teqw�t�ni eqwnt�eu qt own�e�ra＀�t�eu tq urenf
eoetiene{ qt �orenf�ni eoetiene{ rwtuwant tq ien/ hwnfu qt ＀�o�t�ni the�t ab�＀�t{ tq ta�ue texenwe qt
eta＀ ＀aw0 Sree�a＀ e＀eet�qnu anf tehetenfa uha＀＀ be he＀f teee�xe utate taz texenwe0
au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
SGEVKQP 30 Vazat�qn; arrtqrt�at�qnu; utate ez/
(b) Kh a＀＀ eanf�fateu hqt an qhh�ee haxe the uaoe ratt{ renueu; utate texenwe ＀�o�tat�qn0´
ahh�＀�at�qn anf the w�nnet w�＀＀ haxe nq qrrqu�t�qn �n the (a) Pq taz uha＀＀ be ＀ex�ef ezeert �n rwtuwanee qh ＀aw0
ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn, a＀＀ qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu, teiatf＀euu qh Pq utate af xa＀qteo tazeu uha＀＀ be ＀ex�ef wrqn tea＀
ratt{ ahh�＀�at�qn, oa{ xqte �n the rt�oat{ e＀eet�qnu hqt that eutate qt tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{0 A＀＀ qthet hqtou qh
qhh�ee0 tazat�qn uha＀＀ be rteeortef tq the utate ezeert au
J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 382, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;2; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 33, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 (b) Mqtqt xeh�e＀eu, bqatu, a�tr＀aneu, tta�＀etu, tta�＀et
eqaeheu anf oqb�＀e hqoeu, au feh�nef b{ ＀aw, uha＀＀ be
SGEVKQP 80 Mwn�e�ra＀ anf f�utt�et e＀eet�qnu0´ uwb�eet tq a ＀�eenue taz hqt the�t qretat�qn �n the aoqwntu
Tei�uttat�qn anf e＀eet�qnu �n own�e�ra＀�t�eu uha＀＀, anf �n anf hqt the rwtrqueu rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw, bwt uha＀＀ nqt be
uwb�eet tq af xa＀qteo tazeu0
qthet iqxetnoenta＀ ent�t�eu eteatef b{ utatwte oa{, be
(e) Pq oqne{ uha＀＀ be ftawn htqo the tteauwt{
rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 ezeert �n rwtuwanee qh arrtqrt�at�qn oafe b{ ＀aw0
(f) Ptqx�u�qn uha＀＀ be oafe b{ ＀aw hqt ta�u�ni
SGEVKQP 90 Eaora�in urenf�ni ＀�o�tu anf uwhh�e�ent texenwe tq fehta{ the ezrenueu qh the utate
hwnf�ni qh eaora�inu hqt e＀eet�xe utate/w�fe qhh�ee0 hqt eaeh h�uea＀ ret�qf0
Kt �u the rq＀�e{ qh th�u utate tq rtqx�fe hqt utate/w�fe (e) Gzeert au rtqx�fef hete�n, utate texenweu
e＀eet�qnu �n wh�eh a＀＀ qwa＀�h�ef eanf�fateu oa{ eqorete eq＀＀eetef hqt an{ h�uea＀ {eat uha＀＀ be ＀�o�tef tq utate
ehheet�xe＀{0 A oethqf qh rwb＀�e h�nane�ni hqt eaora�inu texenweu a＀＀qwef wnfet th�u uwbueet�qn hqt the rt�qt
hqt utate/w�fe qhh�ee uha＀＀ be eutab＀�uhef b{ ＀aw0 h�uea＀ {eat r＀wu an af�wutoent hqt itqwth0 Au wuef �n th�u
Srenf�ni ＀�o�tu uha＀＀ be eutab＀�uhef hqt uweh eaora�inu uwbueet�qn, ¬itqwth¹ oeanu an aoqwnt eqwa＀ tq the
hqt eanf�fateu whq wue rwb＀�e hwnfu �n the�t eaora�inu0 axetaie annwa＀ tate qh itqwth �n H＀qt�fa retuqna＀
Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ rtqx�fe hwnf�ni hqt th�u rtqx�u�qn0 �neqoe qxet the oqut teeent twent{ qwattetu t�oeu
the utate texenweu a＀＀qwef wnfet th�u uwbueet�qn hqt the
Geneta＀ ＀aw �or＀eoent�ni th�u rataitarh uha＀＀ be at
rt�qt h�uea＀ {eat0 Hqt the 3;;5/3;;8 h�uea＀ {eat, the utate
＀eaut au rtqteet�xe qh ehheet�xe eqoret�t�qn b{ a eanf�/ texenweu a＀＀qwef wnfet th�u uwbueet�qn hqt the rt�qt
fate whq wueu rwb＀�e hwnfu au the ieneta＀ ＀aw �n ehheet h�uea＀ {eat uha＀＀ eqwa＀ the utate texenweu eq＀＀eetef hqt
qn Janwat{ 3, 3;;80 the 3;;6/3;;5 h�uea＀ {eat0 H＀qt�fa retuqna＀ �neqoe uha＀＀
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 33,
3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 be feteto�nef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte, htqo �nhqtoat�qn
axa�＀ab＀e htqo the Wn�tef Stateu Derattoent qh Eqo/
ATVKENG VKK oetee qt �tu uweeeuuqt qn the h�tut fa{ qh Hebtwat{ rt�qt
tq the bei�nn�ni qh the h�uea＀ {eat0 State texenweu
HKPAPEG APD VAZAVKQP eq＀＀eetef hqt an{ h�uea＀ {eat �n ezeeuu qh th�u ＀�o�tat�qn
uha＀＀ be ttanuhettef tq the bwfiet utab�＀�zat�qn hwnf wnt�＀
See0 the hwnf teaeheu the oaz�owo ba＀anee uree�h�ef �n
Seet�qn 3;(i) qh Att�e＀e KKK, anf theteahtet uha＀＀ be
30 Vazat�qn; arrtqrt�at�qnu; utate ezrenueu; utate tehwnfef tq tazra{etu au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 State
texenwe ＀�o�tat�qn0 texenweu a＀＀qwef wnfet th�u uwbueet�qn hqt an{ h�uea＀
20 Vazeu; tate0 {eat oa{ be �neteauef b{ a twq/th�tfu xqte qh the
50 Vazeu; ezeort�qnu0 oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte �n a
60 Vazat�qn; auueuuoentu0 ueratate b�＀＀ that eqnta�nu nq qthet uwb�eet anf that
50 Gutate, �nhet�tanee anf �neqoe tazeu0 uetu hqtth the fq＀＀at aoqwnt b{ wh�eh the utate texenweu
80 Jqoeuteaf ezeort�qnu0 a＀＀qwef w�＀＀ be �neteauef0 Vhe xqte oa{ nqt be ta�en
90 A＀＀qeat�qn qh rat�/owtwe＀ tazeu0 ＀euu than uexent{/twq hqwtu ahtet the th�tf teaf�ni qh the
80 A�f tq ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu0 b�＀＀0 Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u uwbueet�qn, ¬utate texenweu¹
;0 Nqea＀ tazeu0 oeanu tazeu, heeu, ＀�eenueu, anf ehatieu hqt uetx�eeu
320 P＀efi�ni etef�t0 �orquef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte qn �nf�x�fwa＀u, bwu�neuueu,
330 State bqnfu; texenwe bqnfu0 qt aiene�eu qwtu�fe utate iqxetnoent0 Jqwexet, ¬utate
320 Nqea＀ bqnfu0 texenweu¹ fqeu nqt �ne＀wfe< texenweu that ate neeeu/
350 Te＀�eh htqo �＀＀eia＀ tazeu0 uat{ tq oeet the teqw�teoentu uet hqtth �n fqewoentu
360 Dqnfu hqt rq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ anf abateoent anf awthqt�z�ni the �uuwanee qh bqnfu b{ the utate; texe/
qthet watet hae�＀�t�eu0 nweu that ate wuef tq rtqx�fe oateh�ni hwnfu hqt the
350 Texenwe bqnfu hqt uehq＀atuh�r ＀qanu0 hefeta＀ Mef�ea�f rtqitao w�th the ezeert�qn qh the
380 Dqnfu hqt hqwu�ni anf te＀atef hae�＀�t�eu0 texenweu wuef tq uwrrqtt the Pwb＀�e Mef�ea＀ Auu�utanee
390 Dqnfu hqt aeqw�t�ni ttanurqttat�qn t�iht/qh/wa{ qt Vtwut Hwnf qt �tu uweeeuuqt rtqitao anf w�th the
hqt eqnuttwet�ni bt�fieu0 ezeert�qn qh utate oateh�ni hwnfu wuef tq hwnf e＀eet�xe
26
ATVKENG VKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKK

ezranu�qnu oafe ahtet Jw＀{ 3, 3;;6; rtqeeefu htqo the ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe ret�qf qh t�oe hqt wh�eh uweh ezeor/
utate ＀qttet{ tetwtnef au rt�zeu; teee�rtu qh the H＀qt�fa t�qn oa{ be itantef tq a new bwu�neuu qt ezranu�qn qh
Jwtt�eane Eatauttqrhe Hwnf; ba＀aneeu eatt�ef hqtwatf an ez�ut�ni bwu�neuu uha＀＀ be feteto�nef b{ ieneta＀
htqo rt�qt h�uea＀ {eatu; tazeu, ＀�eenueu, heeu, anf ＀aw0 Vhe awthqt�t{ tq itant uweh ezeort�qn uha＀＀ ezr�te
ehatieu hqt uetx�eeu �orquef b{ ＀qea＀, tei�qna＀, qt ten {eatu htqo the fate qh arrtqxa＀ b{ the e＀eetqtu qh the
uehqq＀ f�utt�et iqxetn�ni bqf�eu; qt texenwe htqo tazeu, eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{, anf oa{ be tenewab＀e b{
＀�eenueu, heeu, anf ehatieu hqt uetx�eeu teqw�tef tq be tehetenfwo au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
�orquef b{ an{ aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn tq th�u eqn/ (f) An{ eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ oa{, hqt the rwtrque
ut�twt�qn ahtet Jw＀{ 3, 3;;60 An af�wutoent tq the texenwe qh �tu teureet�xe taz ＀ex{ anf uwb�eet tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh
＀�o�tat�qn uha＀＀ be oafe b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw tq teh＀eet the th�u uwbueet�qn anf ieneta＀ ＀aw, itant h�utqt�e rteuet/
h�uea＀ �oraet qh ttanuhetu qh teurqnu�b�＀�t{ hqt the hwnf�ni xat�qn af xa＀qteo taz ezeort�qnu tq qwnetu qh h�utqt�e
qh iqxetnoenta＀ hwnet�qnu between the utate anf qthet rtqrett�eu0 Vh�u ezeort�qn oa{ be itantef qn＀{ b{
＀exe＀u qh iqxetnoent0 Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀, b{ ieneta＀ qtf�nanee qh the eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{0 Vhe aoqwnt qt
＀aw, rteuet�be rtqeefwteu neeeuuat{ tq afo�n�utet th�u ＀�o�tu qh the aoqwnt qh th�u ezeort�qn anf the teqw�te/
uwbueet�qn0 oentu hqt e＀�i�b＀e rtqrett�eu owut be uree�h�ef b{
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 2255, 3;;6; afqrtef 3;;60 ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe ret�qf qh t�oe hqt wh�eh th�u ezeort�qn
oa{ be itantef tq a rtqrett{ qwnet uha＀＀ be feteto�nef
SGEVKQP 20 Vazeu; tate0´A＀＀ af xa＀qteo tazat�qn b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
uha＀＀ be at a wn�hqto tate w�th�n eaeh taz�ni wn�t, ezeert 3(e) D{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq eqnf�t�qnu uree/
the tazeu qn �ntani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{ oa{ be at �h�ef thete�n, twent{/h�xe thqwuanf fq＀＀atu qh the au/
f�hhetent tateu bwt uha＀＀ nexet ezeeef twq o�＀＀u qn the ueuuef xa＀we qh rtqrett{ uwb�eet tq tani�b＀e retuqna＀
fq＀＀at qh auueuuef xa＀we; rtqx�fef, au tq an{ qb＀�iat�qnu rtqrett{ taz uha＀＀ be ezeort htqo af xa＀qteo tazat�qn0
ueewtef b{ oqttiaie, feef qh ttwut, qt qthet ＀�en qn tea＀ 2(h) Vhete uha＀＀ be itantef an af xa＀qteo taz
eutate whetexet ＀qeatef, an �ntani�b＀e taz qh nqt oqte ezeort�qn hqt tea＀ rtqrett{ fef�eatef �n retretw�t{ hqt
than twq o�＀＀u qn the fq＀＀at oa{ be ＀ex�ef b{ ＀aw tq be �n eqnuetxat�qn rwtrqueu, �ne＀wf�ni tea＀ rtqrett{ enewo/
＀�ew qh a＀＀ qthet �ntani�b＀e auueuuoentu qn uweh qb＀�ia/ betef b{ retretwa＀ eqnuetxat�qn eaueoentu qt b{ qthet
t�qnu0 retretwa＀ eqnuetxat�qn rtqteet�qnu, au feh�nef b{ ien/
eta＀ ＀aw0
SGEVKQP 50 Vazeu; ezeort�qnu0´ (i) D{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq the eqnf�t�qnu
(a) A＀＀ rtqrett{ qwnef b{ a own�e�ra＀�t{ anf wuef uree�h�ef thete�n, eaeh retuqn whq teee�xeu a hqoe/
eze＀wu�xe＀{ b{ �t hqt own�e�ra＀ qt rwb＀�e rwtrqueu uha＀＀ uteaf ezeort�qn au rtqx�fef �n ueet�qn 8 qh th�u att�e＀e;
be ezeort htqo tazat�qn0 A own�e�ra＀�t{, qwn�ni rtqr/ whq wau a oeobet qh the Wn�tef Stateu o�＀�tat{ qt
ett{ qwtu�fe the own�e�ra＀�t{, oa{ be teqw�tef b{ o�＀�tat{ teuetxeu, the Wn�tef Stateu Eqaut Gwatf qt �tu
ieneta＀ ＀aw tq oa�e ra{oent tq the taz�ni wn�t �n teuetxeu, qt the H＀qt�fa Pat�qna＀ Gwatf; anf whq wau
wh�eh the rtqrett{ �u ＀qeatef0 Sweh rqtt�qnu qh rtqrett{ fer＀q{ef fwt�ni the rteeef�ni ea＀enfat {eat qn aet�xe
au ate wuef rtefqo�nant＀{ hqt efweat�qna＀, ＀�tetat{, fwt{ qwtu�fe the eqnt�nenta＀ Wn�tef Stateu, A＀au�a, qt
ue�ent�h�e, te＀�i�qwu qt ehat�tab＀e rwtrqueu oa{ be Jawa�� �n uwrrqtt qh o�＀�tat{ qretat�qnu feu�inatef b{
ezeortef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw htqo tazat�qn0 the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ teee�xe an aff�t�qna＀ ezeort�qn
(b) Vhete uha＀＀ be ezeort htqo tazat�qn, ewow＀a/ eqwa＀ tq a reteentaie qh the tazab＀e xa＀we qh h�u qt het
t�xe＀{, tq exet{ heaf qh a hao�＀{ teu�f�ni �n th�u utate, hqoeuteaf rtqrett{0 Vhe arr＀�eab＀e reteentaie uha＀＀
hqwuehq＀f iqqfu anf retuqna＀ ehheetu tq the xa＀we h�zef be ea＀ew＀atef au the nwobet qh fa{u fwt�ni the
b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, nqt ＀euu than qne thqwuanf fq＀＀atu, anf rteeef�ni ea＀enfat {eat the retuqn wau fer＀q{ef qn
tq exet{ w�fqw qt w�fqwet qt retuqn whq �u b＀�nf qt aet�xe fwt{ qwtu�fe the eqnt�nenta＀ Wn�tef Stateu,
tqta＀＀{ anf retoanent＀{ f�uab＀ef, rtqrett{ tq the xa＀we A＀au�a, qt Jawa�� �n uwrrqtt qh o�＀�tat{ qretat�qnu
h�zef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw nqt ＀euu than h�xe hwnftef fq＀＀atu0 feu�inatef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte f�x�fef b{ the nwobet
(e) An{ eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ oa{, hqt the rwtrque qh fa{u �n that {eat0
qh �tu teureet�xe taz ＀ex{ anf uwb�eet tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0'u ;/G, 35/G, 3;82; afqrtef 3;82; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0'u
538, 558, 3;88; afqrtef 3;88; Ao0 S0J0T0 352, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;2; Ao0 J0J0T0
th�u uwbueet�qn anf ieneta＀ ＀aw, itant eqoown�t{ anf ;8;, 3;;9; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 2/D, 2229; afqrtef 2228; Aou0
eeqnqo�e fexe＀qroent af xa＀qteo taz ezeort�qnu tq rtqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0 5 anf 6,
2228, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 28, 2228; afqrtef 2228; Ao0 J0J0T0 855,
new bwu�neuueu anf ezranu�qnu qh ez�ut�ni bwu�neuueu, 222;; afqrtef 2232; Ao0 E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 3;5, 2238; afqrtef 22380
au feh�nef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Sweh an ezeort�qn oa{ be 3Pqte0´Seet�qn 56, Att0 ZKK, State Eqnut�twt�qn, rtqx�feu �n ratt that ¬the

aoenfoent tq uwbueet�qn (e) qh Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e VKK awthqt�z�ni the ＀ei�u＀atwte,

itantef qn＀{ b{ qtf�nanee qh the eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{, uwb�eet tq ＀�o�tat�qnu uet hqtth �n ieneta＀ ＀aw, tq ezeort the auueuuef xa＀we qh uq＀at
anf qn＀{ ahtet the e＀eetqtu qh the eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ fex�eeu qt tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�eeu uwb�eet tq tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{
taz htqo af xa＀qteo tazat�qn 0 0 0 uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet qn Janwat{ 3, 2238, anf uha＀＀
xqt�ni qn uweh qweut�qn �n a tehetenfwo awthqt�ze the ezr�te qn Deeeobet 53, 22590 Wrqn ezr�tat�qn, th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be terea＀ef anf
eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ tq afqrt uweh qtf�naneeu0 An the tezt qh uwbueet�qn (e) qh Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e VKK 0 0 0 uha＀＀ texett tq that �n
ez�utenee qn Deeeobet 53, 2239, ezeert that an{ aoenfoentu tq uweh tezt
ezeort�qn uq itantef uha＀＀ arr＀{ tq �ortqxeoentu tq qthetw�ue afqrtef uha＀＀ be rteuetxef anf eqnt�nwe tq qretate tq the eztent that uweh
tea＀ rtqrett{ oafe b{ qt hqt the wue qh a new bwu�neuu aoenfoentu ate nqt ferenfent wrqn the rqtt�qnu qh tezt wh�eh ezr�te rwtuwant tq
th�u ueet�qn0¹ Ghheet�xe Janwat{ 3, 2238, u0 5(e), Att0 VKK, State Eqnut�twt�qn, w�＀＀ teaf<
anf �ortqxeoentu tq tea＀ rtqrett{ te＀atef tq the (e) D{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq eqnf�t�qnu uree�h�ef thete�n<
ezranu�qn qh an ez�ut�ni bwu�neuu anf uha＀＀ a＀uq (3) Vwent{/h�xe thqwuanf fq＀＀atu qh the auueuuef xa＀we qh rtqrett{ uwb�eet tq
tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{ taz uha＀＀ be ezeort htqo af xa＀qteo tazat�qn0
arr＀{ tq tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{ qh uweh new bwu�/ (2) Vhe auueuuef xa＀we qh uq＀at fex�eeu qt tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�eeu
neuu anf tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{ te＀atef tq the uwb�eet tq tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{ taz oa{ be ezeort htqo af xa＀qteo tazat�qn,
uwb�eet tq ＀�o�tat�qnu rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
ezranu�qn qh an ez�ut�ni bwu�neuu0 Vhe aoqwnt qt ＀�o�tu 2Pqte0´Vh�u uwbueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef (i) b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 6 qh the

qh the aoqwnt qh uweh ezeort�qn uha＀＀ be uree�h�ef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, 2228, wau tefeu�inatef (h) b{ the ef�tqtu

25
ATVKENG VKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKK

tq eqnhqto tq the tefeu�inat�qn qh uwbueet�qnu b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 5 qh the Vazat�qn anf the fee�u�qn qh uweh eqwtt uha＀＀ nqt ahheet qt �ora�t an{
Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, 22280
teoa�n�ni rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u aoenfoent0
(8)a0 A retuqn whq eutab＀�uheu a new hqoeuteaf
SGEVKQP 60 Vazat�qn; auueuuoentu0´D{ ienet/
au qh Janwat{ 3, 222;, qt Janwat{ 3 qh an{ uwbueqwent
a＀ ＀aw teiw＀at�qnu uha＀＀ be rteuet�bef wh�eh uha＀＀ ueewte
{eat anf whq hau teee�xef a hqoeuteaf ezeort�qn
a �wut xa＀wat�qn qh a＀＀ rtqrett{ hqt af xa＀qteo tazat�qn,
rwtuwant tq Seet�qn 8 qh th�u Att�e＀e au qh Janwat{ 3 qh
rtqx�fef<
e�thet qh the twq {eatu �ooef�ate＀{ rteeef�ni the
(a) Ait�ew＀twta＀ ＀anf, ＀anf rtqfwe�ni h�ih watet
eutab＀�uhoent qh the new hqoeuteaf �u ent�t＀ef tq
teehatie tq H＀qt�fa'u aqw�hetu, qt ＀anf wuef eze＀wu�xe＀{
haxe the new hqoeuteaf auueuuef at ＀euu than �wut
hqt nqneqooete�a＀ teeteat�qna＀ rwtrqueu oa{ be e＀au/
xa＀we0 Kh th�u tex�u�qn �u arrtqxef �n Janwat{ qh 2228, a
u�h�ef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf auueuuef uq＀e＀{ qn the bau�u qh
retuqn whq eutab＀�uheu a new hqoeuteaf au qh Janwat{
ehataetet qt wue0 3, 2228, �u ent�t＀ef tq haxe the new hqoeuteaf
(b) Au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq auueuuef at ＀euu than �wut xa＀we qn＀{ �h that retuqn
eqnf�t�qnu, ＀�o�tat�qnu, anf teauqnab＀e feh�n�t�qnu uree/ teee�xef a hqoeuteaf ezeort�qn qn Janwat{ 3, 22290
�h�ef thete�n, ＀anf wuef hqt eqnuetxat�qn rwtrqueu uha＀＀ Vhe auueuuef xa＀we qh the new＀{ eutab＀�uhef hqoe/
be e＀auu�h�ef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf auueuuef uq＀e＀{ qn the uteaf uha＀＀ be feteto�nef au hq＀＀qwu<
bau�u qh ehataetet qt wue0 30 Kh the �wut xa＀we qh the new hqoeuteaf �u iteatet
(e) Pwtuwant tq ieneta＀ ＀aw tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqr/ than qt eqwa＀ tq the �wut xa＀we qh the rt�qt hqoeuteaf au
ett{ he＀f hqt ua＀e au utqe� �n ttafe anf ＀�xeutqe� oa{ be qh Janwat{ 3 qh the {eat �n wh�eh the rt�qt hqoeuteaf
xa＀wef hqt tazat�qn at a uree�h�ef reteentaie qh �tu xa＀we, wau abanfqnef, the auueuuef xa＀we qh the new hqoe/
oa{ be e＀auu�h�ef hqt taz rwtrqueu, qt oa{ be ezeortef uteaf uha＀＀ be the �wut xa＀we qh the new hqoeuteaf
htqo tazat�qn0 o�nwu an aoqwnt eqwa＀ tq the ＀euuet qh &522,222 qt the
(f) A＀＀ retuqnu ent�t＀ef tq a hqoeuteaf ezeort�qn f�hhetenee between the �wut xa＀we anf the auueuuef
wnfet Seet�qn 8 qh th�u Att�e＀e uha＀＀ haxe the�t hqoe/ xa＀we qh the rt�qt hqoeuteaf au qh Janwat{ 3 qh the {eat
uteaf auueuuef at �wut xa＀we au qh Janwat{ 3 qh the {eat �n wh�eh the rt�qt hqoeuteaf wau abanfqnef0 Vhete/
hq＀＀qw�ni the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenfoent0 Vh�u ahtet, the hqoeuteaf uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtqx�fef �n
auueuuoent uha＀＀ ehanie qn＀{ au rtqx�fef �n th�u th�u uwbueet�qn0
uwbueet�qn0 20 Kh the �wut xa＀we qh the new hqoeuteaf �u ＀euu
(3) Auueuuoentu uwb�eet tq th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ be than the �wut xa＀we qh the rt�qt hqoeuteaf au qh Janwat{
ehanief annwa＀＀{ qn Janwat{ 3ut qh eaeh {eat; bwt 3 qh the {eat �n wh�eh the rt�qt hqoeuteaf wau
thque ehanieu �n auueuuoentu uha＀＀ nqt ezeeef the abanfqnef, the auueuuef xa＀we qh the new hqoeuteaf
＀qwet qh the hq＀＀qw�ni< uha＀＀ be eqwa＀ tq the �wut xa＀we qh the new hqoeuteaf
a0 Vhtee reteent (5') qh the auueuuoent hqt the f�x�fef b{ the �wut xa＀we qh the rt�qt hqoeuteaf anf
rt�qt {eat0 ow＀t�r＀�ef b{ the auueuuef xa＀we qh the rt�qt hqoeuteaf0
b0 Vhe reteent ehanie �n the Eqnuwoet Pt�ee Knfez Jqwexet, �h the f�hhetenee between the �wut xa＀we qh the
hqt a＀＀ wtban eqnuwoetu, W0S0 E�t{ Axetaie, a＀＀ �teou new hqoeuteaf anf the auueuuef xa＀we qh the new
3;89?322, qt uweeeuuqt terqttu hqt the rteeef�ni hqoeuteaf ea＀ew＀atef rwtuwant tq th�u uwb/uwbrata/
ea＀enfat {eat au �n�t�a＀＀{ terqttef b{ the Wn�tef Stateu itarh �u iteatet than &522,222, the auueuuef xa＀we qh
Derattoent qh Nabqt, Dwteaw qh Nabqt Stat�ut�eu0 the new hqoeuteaf uha＀＀ be �neteauef uq that the
(2) Pq auueuuoent uha＀＀ ezeeef �wut xa＀we0 f�hhetenee between the �wut xa＀we anf the auueuuef
(5) Ahtet an{ ehanie qh qwnetuh�r, au rtqx�fef b{ xa＀we eqwa＀u &522,2220 Vheteahtet, the hqoeuteaf uha＀＀
ieneta＀ ＀aw, hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef at be auueuuef au rtqx�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn0
�wut xa＀we au qh Janwat{ 3 qh the hq＀＀qw�ni {eat, wn＀euu b0 D{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq eqnf�t�qnu uree/
the rtqx�u�qnu qh rataitarh (8) arr＀{0 Vheteahtet, the �h�ef thete�n, the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ rtqx�fe hqt arr＀�eat�qn
hqoeuteaf uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtqx�fef �n th�u qh th�u rataitarh tq rtqrett{ qwnef b{ oqte than qne
uwbueet�qn0 retuqn0
(6) Pew hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef at (e) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, hqt auueuu/
�wut xa＀we au qh Janwat{ 3ut qh the {eat hq＀＀qw�ni the oent rwtrqueu anf uwb�eet tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u
eutab＀�uhoent qh the hqoeuteaf, wn＀euu the rtqx�u�qnu uwbueet�qn, a＀＀qw eqwnt�eu anf own�e�ra＀�t�eu tq awthqt/
qh rataitarh (8) arr＀{0 Vhat auueuuoent uha＀＀ qn＀{ �ze b{ qtf�nanee that h�utqt�e rtqrett{ oa{ be auueuuef
ehanie au rtqx�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn0 uq＀e＀{ qn the bau�u qh ehataetet qt wue0 Sweh ehataetet
(5) Ehanieu, aff�t�qnu, tefwet�qnu, qt �ortqxe/ qt wue auueuuoent uha＀＀ arr＀{ qn＀{ tq the �wt�uf�et�qn
oentu tq hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au afqrt�ni the qtf�nanee0 Vhe teqw�teoentu hqt e＀�i�b＀e
rtqx�fef hqt b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw; rtqx�fef, hqwexet, ahtet the rtqrett�eu owut be uree�h�ef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
af�wutoent hqt an{ ehanie, aff�t�qn, tefwet�qn, qt (h) A eqwnt{ oa{, �n the oannet rteuet�bef b{
�ortqxeoent, the rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtq/ ieneta＀ ＀aw, rtqx�fe hqt a tefwet�qn �n the auueuuef
x�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn0 xa＀we qh hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ tq the eztent qh an{
(8) Kn the exent qh a teto�nat�qn qh hqoeuteaf �neteaue �n the auueuuef xa＀we qh that rtqrett{ wh�eh
utatwu, the rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtqx�fef b{ teuw＀tu htqo the eqnuttwet�qn qt teeqnuttwet�qn qh the
ieneta＀ ＀aw0 rtqrett{ hqt the rwtrque qh rtqx�f�ni ＀�x�ni qwattetu hqt
(9) Vhe rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u aoenfoent ate uexetab＀e0 qne qt oqte natwta＀ qt afqrt�xe itanfratentu qt ratentu
Kh an{ qh the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ be he＀f qh the qwnet qh the rtqrett{ qt qh the qwnet'u urqwue �h
wneqnut�twt�qna＀ b{ an{ eqwtt qh eqoretent �wt�uf�et�qn, at ＀eaut qne qh the itanfratentu qt ratentu hqt whqo the
28
ATVKENG VKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKK

＀�x�ni qwattetu ate rtqx�fef �u 82 {eatu qh aie qt q＀fet0 (3) An{ ehanie qt �ortqxeoent oafe hqt the
Sweh a tefwet�qn oa{ nqt ezeeef the ＀euuet qh the rwtrque qh �ortqx�ni the rtqrett{'u teu�utanee tq w�nf
hq＀＀qw�ni< faoaie0
(3) Vhe �neteaue �n auueuuef xa＀we teuw＀t�ni htqo (2) Vhe �nuta＀＀at�qn qh a tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee
eqnuttwet�qn qt teeqnuttwet�qn qh the rtqrett{0 fex�ee0
(2) Vwent{ reteent qh the tqta＀ auueuuef xa＀we qh the 2(�)(3) Vhe auueuuoent qh the hq＀＀qw�ni wqt��ni
rtqrett{ au �ortqxef0 watethtqnt rtqrett�eu uha＀＀ be bauef wrqn the ewttent
(i) Hqt a＀＀ ＀ex�eu qthet than uehqq＀ f�utt�et ＀ex�eu, wue qh the rtqrett{<
auueuuoentu qh teu�fent�a＀ tea＀ rtqrett{, au feh�nef b{ a0 Nanf wuef rtefqo�nant＀{ hqt eqooete�a＀ h�uh�ni
ieneta＀ ＀aw, wh�eh eqnta�nu n�ne wn�tu qt hewet anf rwtrqueu0
wh�eh �u nqt uwb�eet tq the auueuuoent ＀�o�tat�qnu uet b0 Nanf that �u aeeeuu�b＀e tq the rwb＀�e anf wuef hqt
hqtth �n uwbueet�qnu (a) thtqwih (f) uha＀＀ ehanie qn＀{ au xeuue＀ ＀awneheu �ntq watetu that ate nax�iab＀e0
rtqx�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn0 e0 Mat�nau anf ft{utae�u that ate qren tq the
(3) Auueuuoentu uwb�eet tq th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ be rwb＀�e0
ehanief annwa＀＀{ qn the fate qh auueuuoent rtqx�fef f0 Yatet/ferenfent oat�ne oanwhaetwt�ni hae�＀/
b{ ＀aw; bwt thque ehanieu �n auueuuoentu uha＀＀ nqt �t�eu, eqooete�a＀ h�uh�ni hae�＀�t�eu, anf oat�ne xeuue＀
ezeeef ten reteent (32') qh the auueuuoent hqt the eqnuttwet�qn anf tera�t hae�＀�t�eu anf the�t uwrrqtt
rt�qt {eat0 aet�x�t�eu0
(2) Pq auueuuoent uha＀＀ ezeeef �wut xa＀we0 (2) Vhe auueuuoent beneh�t rtqx�fef b{ th�u uwb/
(5) Ahtet a ehanie qh qwnetuh�r qt eqnttq＀, au ueet�qn �u uwb�eet tq eqnf�t�qnu anf ＀�o�tat�qnu anf
feh�nef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, �ne＀wf�ni an{ ehanie qh qwn/ teauqnab＀e feh�n�t�qnu au uree�h�ef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte b{
etuh�r qh a ＀eia＀ ent�t{ that qwnu the rtqrett{, uweh ieneta＀ ＀aw0
rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef at �wut xa＀we au qh the nezt J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 32/G, 3;82; afqrtef 3;82; Ao0 J0J0T0 236, 3;89; afqrtef
3;88; Ao0 b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Awiwut 5, 3;;2;
auueuuoent fate0 Vheteahtet, uweh rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be afqrtef 3;;2; Ao0 J0J0T0 ;8;, 3;;9; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
auueuuef au rtqx�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn0 Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 539, 2222; afqrtef 2222; Ao0 E0S0 hqt
(6) Ehanieu, aff�t�qnu, tefwet�qnu, qt �ortqxe/ S0J0T0 2/D, 2229; afqrtef 2228; Aou0 Ptqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto
oentu tq uweh rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtqx�fef Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0 5, 6, anf 8, 2228, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀
28, 2228; afqrtef 2228; Ao0 E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 3;5, 2238; afqrtef 22380
hqt b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw; hqwexet, ahtet the af�wutoent hqt an{ 3Pqte0´

ehanie, aff�t�qn, tefwet�qn, qt �ortqxeoent, the rtqr/ A0 Vh�u uwbueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef (h) b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 5 qh the Vazat�qn
anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, 2228, wau tefeu�inatef (�) b{ the ef�tqtu tq
ett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtqx�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn0 eqnhqto tq the tefeu�inat�qn qh uwbueet�qnu b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 6 qh the Vazat�qn anf
(h) Hqt a＀＀ ＀ex�eu qthet than uehqq＀ f�utt�et ＀ex�eu, Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, 22280
D0 Seet�qn 56, Att0 ZKK, State Eqnut�twt�qn, rtqx�feu �n ratt that ¬the aoenfoent
auueuuoentu qh tea＀ rtqrett{ that �u nqt uwb�eet tq the tq uwbueet�qn (�) qh Seet�qn 6 qh Att�e＀e VKK awthqt�z�ni the ＀ei�u＀atwte, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw,
auueuuoent ＀�o�tat�qnu uet hqtth �n uwbueet�qnu (a) tq rtqh�b�t the eqnu�fetat�qn qh the �nuta＀＀at�qn qh a uq＀at fex�ee qt a tenewab＀e
thtqwih (f) anf (i) uha＀＀ ehanie qn＀{ au rtqx�fef �n eneti{ uqwtee fex�ee �n feteto�n�ni the auueuuef xa＀we qh tea＀ rtqrett{ hqt the
rwtrque qh af xa＀qteo tazat�qn uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet qn Janwat{ 3, 2238, anf uha＀＀ ezr�te
th�u uwbueet�qn0 qn Deeeobet 53, 22590 Wrqn ezr�tat�qn, th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be terea＀ef anf the tezt
(3) Auueuuoentu uwb�eet tq th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ be qh 0 0 0 uwbueet�qn (�) qh Seet�qn 6 qh Att�e＀e VKK uha＀＀ texett tq that �n ez�utenee qn
Deeeobet 53, 2239, ezeert that an{ aoenfoentu tq uweh tezt qthetw�ue afqrtef
ehanief annwa＀＀{ qn the fate qh auueuuoent rtqx�fef uha＀＀ be rteuetxef anf eqnt�nwe tq qretate tq the eztent that uweh aoenfoentu ate
b{ ＀aw; bwt thque ehanieu �n auueuuoentu uha＀＀ nqt nqt ferenfent wrqn the rqtt�qnu qh tezt wh�eh ezr�te rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn0¹
Ghheet�xe Janwat{ 3, 2238, u0 6(�), Att0 VKK, State Eqnut�twt�qn, w�＀＀ teaf<
ezeeef ten reteent (32') qh the auueuuoent hqt the (�) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq eqnf�t�qnu uree�h�ef thete�n,
rt�qt {eat0 oa{ rtqh�b�t the eqnu�fetat�qn qh the hq＀＀qw�ni �n the feteto�nat�qn qh the auueuuef
xa＀we qh tea＀ rtqrett{<
(2) Pq auueuuoent uha＀＀ ezeeef �wut xa＀we0 (3) An{ ehanie qt �ortqxeoent tq tea＀ rtqrett{ wuef hqt teu�fent�a＀ rwtrqueu
(5) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte owut rtqx�fe that uweh rtqrett{ oafe tq �ortqxe the rtqrett{'u teu�utanee tq w�nf faoaie0
(2) Vhe �nuta＀＀at�qn qh a uq＀at qt tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�ee0
uha＀＀ be auueuuef at �wut xa＀we au qh the nezt auueuu/ 2Pqte0´Vh�u uwbueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef (h) b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 8 qh the

oent fate ahtet a qwa＀�h{�ni �ortqxeoent, au feh�nef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, 2228, wau tefeu�inatef (�) b{ the ef�tqtu
tq eqnhqto tq the tefeu�inat�qn qh uwbueet�qnu b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 6 qh the Vazat�qn anf
ieneta＀ ＀aw, �u oafe tq uweh rtqrett{0 Vheteahtet, uweh Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, 2228, anf the eteat�qn qh a new (h) b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 5
rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtqx�fef �n th�u uwbuee/ qh the Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, 22280
t�qn0
(6) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ rtqx�fe that uweh rtqrett{ SGEVKQP 50 Gutate, �nhet�tanee anf �neqoe
uha＀＀ be auueuuef at �wut xa＀we au qh the nezt auueuu/ tazeu0´
oent fate ahtet a ehanie qh qwnetuh�r qt eqnttq＀, au (a) PAVWTAN PGTSQPS0 Pq taz wrqn eutateu qt
feh�nef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, �ne＀wf�ni an{ ehanie qh qwn/ �nhet�taneeu qt wrqn the �neqoe qh natwta＀ retuqnu whq
etuh�r qh the ＀eia＀ ent�t{ that qwnu the rtqrett{0 ate teu�fentu qt e�t�zenu qh the utate uha＀＀ be ＀ex�ef b{
Vheteahtet, uweh rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtq/ the utate, qt wnfet �tu awthqt�t{, �n ezeeuu qh the
x�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn0 aiiteiate qh aoqwntu wh�eh oa{ be a＀＀qwef tq be
(5) Ehanieu, aff�t�qnu, tefwet�qnu, qt �ortqxe/ etef�tef wrqn qt fefwetef htqo an{ u�o�＀at taz ＀ex�ef b{
oentu tq uweh rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtqx�fef the Wn�tef Stateu qt an{ utate0
hqt b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw; hqwexet, ahtet the af�wutoent hqt an{ (b) QVJGTS0 Pq taz wrqn the �neqoe qh teu�fentu
ehanie, aff�t�qn, tefwet�qn, qt �ortqxeoent, the rtqr/ anf e�t�zenu qthet than natwta＀ retuqnu uha＀＀ be ＀ex�ef
ett{ uha＀＀ be auueuuef au rtqx�fef �n th�u uwbueet�qn0 b{ the utate, qt wnfet �tu awthqt�t{, �n ezeeuu qh 5' qh net
3(�) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq �neqoe, au feh�nef b{ ＀aw, qt at uweh iteatet tate au �u
eqnf�t�qnu uree�h�ef thete�n, oa{ rtqh�b�t the eqnu�feta/ awthqt�zef b{ a thtee/h�hthu (5/5) xqte qh the oeobetuh�r
t�qn qh the hq＀＀qw�ni �n the feteto�nat�qn qh the auueuuef qh eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte qt au w�＀＀ rtqx�fe hqt the
xa＀we qh tea＀ rtqrett{ wuef hqt teu�fent�a＀ rwtrqueu< utate the oaz�owo aoqwnt wh�eh oa{ be a＀＀qwef tq be
29
ATVKENG VKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKK

etef�tef aia�nut �neqoe tazeu ＀ex�ef b{ the Wn�tef that the qwnet arr＀�eu anf �u e＀�i�b＀e hqt the ezeort�qn,
Stateu anf qthet utateu0 Vhete uha＀＀ be ezeort htqo anf whq hau oa�nta�nef theteqn the retoanent teu�/
tazat�qn nqt ＀euu than h�xe thqwuanf fq＀＀atu (&5,222) qh fenee qh the qwnet hqt nqt ＀euu than twent{/h�xe {eatu,
the ezeeuu qh net �neqoe uwb�eet tq taz qxet the whq hau atta�nef aie u�zt{/h�xe, anf whque hqwuehq＀f
oaz�owo aoqwnt a＀＀qwef tq be etef�tef aia�nut �neqoe fqeu nqt ezeeef the �neqoe ＀�o�tat�qn rte/
�neqoe tazeu ＀ex�ef b{ the Wn�tef Stateu anf qthet uet�bef �n rataitarh (3)0
utateu0
(e) GHHGEVKVG DAVG0 Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ beeqoe Vhe ieneta＀ ＀aw owut a＀＀qw eqwnt�eu anf own�e�ra＀�t�eu
ehheet�xe �ooef�ate＀{ wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{ the e＀eetqtu qh tq itant theue aff�t�qna＀ ezeort�qnu, w�th�n the ＀�o�tu
H＀qt�fa0 rteuet�bef �n th�u uwbueet�qn, b{ qtf�nanee afqrtef �n
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 9/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;930 the oannet rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, anf owut rtqx�fe
hqt the ret�qf�e af�wutoent qh the �neqoe ＀�o�tat�qn
SGEVKQP 80 Jqoeuteaf ezeort�qnu0´ rteuet�bef �n th�u uwbueet�qn hqt ehanieu �n the equt qh
(a) Gxet{ retuqn whq hau the ＀eia＀ qt eqw�tab＀e t�t＀e ＀�x�ni0
tq tea＀ eutate anf oa�nta�nu theteqn the retoanent (e) Gaeh xetetan whq �u aie 85 qt q＀fet whq �u
teu�fenee qh the qwnet, qt anqthet ＀eia＀＀{ qt natwta＀＀{ ratt�a＀＀{ qt tqta＀＀{ retoanent＀{ f�uab＀ef uha＀＀ teee�xe a
ferenfent wrqn the qwnet, uha＀＀ be ezeort htqo f�ueqwnt htqo the aoqwnt qh the af xa＀qteo taz
tazat�qn theteqn, ezeert auueuuoentu hqt uree�a＀ ben/ qthetw�ue qwef qn hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ the xetetan
eh�tu, wr tq the auueuuef xa＀wat�qn qh twent{/h�xe qwnu anf teu�feu �n �h the f�uab�＀�t{ wau eqobat te＀atef
thqwuanf fq＀＀atu anf, hqt a＀＀ ＀ex�eu qthet than uehqq＀ anf the xetetan wau hqnqtab＀{ f�uehatief wrqn
f�utt�et ＀ex�eu, qn the auueuuef xa＀wat�qn iteatet than ueratat�qn htqo o�＀�tat{ uetx�ee0 Vhe f�ueqwnt uha＀＀ be
h�ht{ thqwuanf fq＀＀atu anf wr tq uexent{/h�xe thqwuanf �n a reteentaie eqwa＀ tq the reteentaie qh the xetetan'u
fq＀＀atu, wrqn eutab＀�uhoent qh t�iht thetetq �n the retoanent, uetx�ee/eqnneetef f�uab�＀�t{ au feteto�nef
oannet rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0 Vhe tea＀ eutate oa{ be b{ the Wn�tef Stateu Derattoent qh Vetetanu Ahha�tu0 Vq
he＀f b{ ＀eia＀ qt eqw�tab＀e t�t＀e, b{ the ent�tet�eu, �q�nt＀{, �n qwa＀�h{ hqt the f�ueqwnt itantef b{ th�u uwbueet�qn, an
eqooqn, au a eqnfqo�n�wo, qt �nf�teet＀{ b{ utqe� arr＀�eant owut uwbo�t tq the eqwnt{ rtqrett{ arrta�uet,
qwnetuh�r qt oeobetuh�r terteuent�ni the qwnet'u qt b{ Mateh 3, an qhh�e�a＀ ＀ettet htqo the Wn�tef Stateu
oeobet'u rtqrt�etat{ �nteteut �n a eqtrqtat�qn qwn�ni a Derattoent qh Vetetanu Ahha�tu utat�ni the reteentaie
hee qt a ＀eauehq＀f �n�t�a＀＀{ �n ezeeuu qh n�net{/e�iht qh the xetetan'u uetx�ee/eqnneetef f�uab�＀�t{ anf uweh
{eatu0 Vhe ezeort�qn uha＀＀ nqt arr＀{ w�th teureet tq an{ ex�fenee that teauqnab＀{ �fent�h�eu the f�uab�＀�t{ au
auueuuoent tq＀＀ wnt�＀ uweh tq＀＀ �u h�tut feteto�nef tq be �n eqobat te＀atef anf a eqr{ qh the xetetan'u hqnqtab＀e
eqor＀�anee w�th the rtqx�u�qnu qh ueet�qn 6 b{ a utate f�uehatie0 Kh the rtqrett{ arrta�uet fen�eu the teqweut
aiene{ feu�inatef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vh�u ezeort�qn �u hqt a f�ueqwnt, the arrta�uet owut nqt�h{ the arr＀�eant �n
terea＀ef qn the ehheet�xe fate qh an{ aoenfoent tq th�u wt�t�ni qh the teauqnu hqt the fen�a＀, anf the xetetan
Att�e＀e wh�eh rtqx�feu hqt the auueuuoent qh hqoeuteaf oa{ tearr＀{0 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte oa{, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw,
rtqrett{ at ＀euu than �wut xa＀we0 wa�xe the annwa＀ arr＀�eat�qn teqw�teoent �n uwbueqwent
(b) Pqt oqte than qne ezeort�qn uha＀＀ be a＀＀qwef {eatu0 Vh�u uwbueet�qn �u ue＀h/ezeewt�ni anf fqeu nqt
an{ �nf�x�fwa＀ qt hao�＀{ wn�t qt w�th teureet tq an{ teqw�te �or＀eoent�ni ＀ei�u＀at�qn0
teu�fent�a＀ wn�t0 Pq ezeort�qn uha＀＀ ezeeef the xa＀we qh (h) D{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq eqnf�t�qnu anf
the tea＀ eutate auueuuab＀e tq the qwnet qt, �n eaue qh ＀�o�tat�qnu uree�h�ef thete�n, the Nei�u＀atwte oa{ rtq/
qwnetuh�r thtqwih utqe� qt oeobetuh�r �n a eqtrqta/ x�fe af xa＀qteo taz te＀�eh eqwa＀ tq the tqta＀ aoqwnt qt a
t�qn, the xa＀we qh the rtqrqtt�qn wh�eh the �nteteut �n the rqtt�qn qh the af xa＀qteo taz qthetw�ue qwef qn
eqtrqtat�qn beatu tq the auueuuef xa＀we qh the rtqrett{0 hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ tq<
(e) D{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uwb�eet tq eqnf�t�qnu uree/ (3) Vhe uwtx�x�ni urqwue qh a xetetan whq f�ef htqo
�h�ef thete�n, the Nei�u＀atwte oa{ rtqx�fe tq tentetu, whq uetx�ee/eqnneetef eawueu wh�＀e qn aet�xe fwt{ au a
ate retoanent teu�fentu, af xa＀qteo taz te＀�eh qn a＀＀ af oeobet qh the Wn�tef Stateu Atoef Hqteeu0
xa＀qteo taz ＀ex�eu0 Sweh af xa＀qteo taz te＀�eh uha＀＀ be �n (2) Vhe uwtx�x�ni urqwue qh a h�tut teurqnfet whq
the hqto anf aoqwnt eutab＀�uhef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 f�ef �n the ＀�ne qh fwt{0
3(f) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, a＀＀qw
(5) A h�tut teurqnfet whq �u tqta＀＀{ anf retoanent＀{
eqwnt�eu qt own�e�ra＀�t�eu, hqt the rwtrque qh the�t f�uab＀ef au a teuw＀t qh an �n�wt{ qt �n�wt�eu uwuta�nef �n
teureet�xe taz ＀ex�eu anf uwb�eet tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh the ＀�ne qh fwt{0 Eawua＀ eqnneet�qn between a f�uab�＀�t{
ieneta＀ ＀aw, tq itant e�thet qt bqth qh the hq＀＀qw�ni anf uetx�ee �n the ＀�ne qh fwt{ uha＀＀ nqt be rteuwoef bwt
aff�t�qna＀ hqoeuteaf taz ezeort�qnu< owut be feteto�nef au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Hqt
(3) An ezeort�qn nqt ezeeef�ni h�ht{ thqwuanf rwtrqueu qh th�u rataitarh, the teto ¬f�uab�＀�t{¹ fqeu
fq＀＀atu tq a retuqn whq hau the ＀eia＀ qt eqw�tab＀e t�t＀e nqt �ne＀wfe a ehtqn�e eqnf�t�qn qt ehtqn�e f�ueaue,
tq tea＀ eutate anf oa�nta�nu theteqn the retoanent wn＀euu the �n�wt{ uwuta�nef �n the ＀�ne qh fwt{ wau the
teu�fenee qh the qwnet, whq hau atta�nef aie u�zt{/h�xe, uq＀e eawue qh the ehtqn�e eqnf�t�qn qt ehtqn�e f�ueaue0
anf whque hqwuehq＀f �neqoe, au feh�nef b{ ieneta＀
＀aw, fqeu nqt ezeeef twent{ thqwuanf fq＀＀atu; qt Au wuef �n th�u uwbueet�qn anf au hwtthet feh�nef b{
(2) An ezeort�qn eqwa＀ tq the auueuuef xa＀we qh the ieneta＀ ＀aw, the teto ¬h�tut teurqnfet¹ oeanu a ＀aw
rtqrett{ tq a retuqn whq hau the ＀eia＀ qt eqw�tab＀e t�t＀e enhqteeoent qhh�eet, a eqtteet�qna＀ qhh�eet, a h�teh�ihtet,
tq tea＀ eutate w�th a �wut xa＀we ＀euu than twq hwnftef anf an eoetiene{ oef�ea＀ teehn�e�an, qt a rataoef�e, anf
h�ht{ thqwuanf fq＀＀atu, au feteto�nef �n the h�tut taz {eat the teto ¬�n the ＀�ne qh fwt{¹ oeanu at�u�ni qwt qh anf �n
28
ATVKENG VKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKK

the aetwa＀ rethqtoanee qh fwt{ teqw�tef b{ eor＀q{oent auuqe�at�qn, rattnetuh�r qt retuqn; bwt th�u uha＀＀ nqt
au a h�tut teurqnfet0 rtqh�b�t ＀awu awthqt�z�ni<
J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 3/D, 3;9;; afqrtef 3;82; Ao0 S0J0T0 6/G, 3;82; afqrtef (a) the �nxeutoent qh rwb＀�e ttwut hwnfu;
3;82; Ao0 J0J0T0 5353, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State (b) the �nxeutoent qh qthet rwb＀�e hwnfu �n qb＀�ia/
Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 J0J0T0 555, 2228; afqrtef 2228; Ao0 J0J0T0 853, t�qnu qh, qt �nuwtef b{, the Wn�tef Stateu qt an{ qh �tu
2228; afqrtef 2228; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 2/D, 2229; afqrtef 2228; Ao0 S0J0T0 5;2,
2233; afqrtef 2232; Ao0 J0J0T0 ;5, 2232; afqrtef 2232; Ao0 J0J0T0 38;, 2232; �nuttwoenta＀�t�eu;
afqrtef 2232; Ao0 E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 295, 2238; afqrtef 2238; Ao0 E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 (e) the �uuwanee anf ua＀e b{ an{ eqwnt{, own�e�/
322;, 2238; afqrtef 22380
3
Pqte0´Seet�qn 58, Att0 ZKK, State Eqnut�twt�qn, rtqx�feu �n ratt that ¬the ra＀�t{, uree�a＀ f�utt�et qt qthet ＀qea＀ iqxetnoenta＀ bqf{
aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 8 qh Att�e＀e VKK tex�u�ni the �wut xa＀we feteto�nat�qn hqt qh (3) texenwe bqnfu tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee the equt qh
the aff�t�qna＀ af xa＀qteo taz ezeort�qn hqt retuqnu aie u�zt{/h�xe qt q＀fet uha＀＀ ta�e
ehheet Janwat{ 3, 2239, 0 0 0 anf uha＀＀ qretate tettqaet�xe＀{ tq Janwat{ 3, 2235, hqt ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu hqt a�trqttu qt rqtt hae�＀�t�eu, qt (2)
an{ retuqn whq teee�xef the ezeort�qn wnfet rataitarh (2) qh Seet�qn 8(f) qh texenwe bqnfu tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee the equt qh
Att�e＀e VKK behqte Janwat{ 3, 22390¹
ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu hqt �nfwutt�a＀ qt oanwhaetwt�ni r＀antu
tq the eztent that the �nteteut theteqn �u ezeort htqo
SGEVKQP 90 A＀＀qeat�qn qh rat�/owtwe＀ tazeu0´ �neqoe tazeu wnfet the then ez�ut�ni ＀awu qh the Wn�tef
Vazeu wrqn the qretat�qn qh rat�/owtwe＀ rqq＀u oa{ be Stateu, when, �n e�thet eaue, the texenwe bqnfu ate
rteeortef tq the utate qt a＀＀qeatef �n whq＀e qt �n ratt tq ra{ab＀e uq＀e＀{ htqo texenwe fet�xef htqo the ua＀e,
the eqwnt�eu0 Yhen a＀＀qeatef tq the eqwnt�eu, the qretat�qn qt ＀eau�ni qh the rtq�eetu0 Kh an{ rtq�eet uq
f�utt�bwt�qn uha＀＀ be �n eqwa＀ aoqwntu tq the uexeta＀ h�naneef, qt an{ ratt theteqh, �u qeewr�ef qt qretatef b{
eqwnt�eu0 an{ rt�xate eqtrqtat�qn, auuqe�at�qn, rattnetuh�r qt
retuqn rwtuwant tq eqnttaet qt ＀eaue w�th the �uuw�ni
SGEVKQP 80 A�f tq ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu0´State bqf{, the rtqrett{ �nteteut eteatef b{ uweh eqnttaet qt
hwnfu oa{ be arrtqrt�atef tq the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu, ＀eaue uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq tazat�qn tq the uaoe eztent au
uehqq＀ f�utt�etu, own�e�ra＀�t�eu qt uree�a＀ f�utt�etu wrqn qthet rt�xate＀{ qwnef rtqrett{0
uweh eqnf�t�qnu au oa{ be rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 (f) a own�e�ra＀�t{, eqwnt{, uree�a＀ f�utt�et, qt aiene{
Vheue eqnf�t�qnu oa{ �ne＀wfe the wue qh te＀at�xe af qh an{ qh theo, be�ni a �q�nt qwnet qh, i�x�ni, qt ＀enf�ni
xa＀qteo auueuuoent ＀exe＀u feteto�nef b{ a utate qt wu�ni �tu taz�ni rqwet qt etef�t hqt the �q�nt qwnetuh�r,
aiene{ feu�inatef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 eqnuttwet�qn anf qretat�qn qh e＀eett�ea＀ eneti{ ienetat/
J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 6/G, 3;82; afqrtef 3;820
�ni qt ttanuo�uu�qn hae�＀�t�eu w�th an{ eqtrqtat�qn,
auuqe�at�qn, rattnetuh�r qt retuqn0
SGEVKQP ;0 Nqea＀ tazeu0´ J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 3626, 3;95; afqrtef 3;960
(a) Eqwnt�eu, uehqq＀ f�utt�etu, anf own�e�ra＀�t�eu
uha＀＀, anf uree�a＀ f�utt�etu oa{, be awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw SGEVKQP 330 State bqnfu; texenwe bqnfu0´
tq ＀ex{ af xa＀qteo tazeu anf oa{ be awthqt�zef b{ (a) State bqnfu r＀efi�ni the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh
ieneta＀ ＀aw tq ＀ex{ qthet tazeu, hqt the�t teureet�xe the utate oa{ be �uuwef qn＀{ tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee the
rwtrqueu, ezeert af xa＀qteo tazeu qn �ntani�b＀e equt qh utate h�zef ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu awthqt�zef b{
retuqna＀ rtqrett{ anf tazeu rtqh�b�tef b{ th�u eqnut�tw/ ＀aw, anf rwtrqueu �ne�fenta＀ thetetq, wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{
t�qn0 a xqte qh the e＀eetqtu; rtqx�fef utate bqnfu �uuwef
(b) Af xa＀qteo tazeu, eze＀wu�xe qh tazeu ＀ex�ef hqt rwtuwant tq th�u uwbueet�qn oa{ be tehwnfef w�thqwt a
the ra{oent qh bqnfu anf tazeu ＀ex�ef hqt ret�qfu nqt xqte qh the e＀eetqtu at a ＀qwet net axetaie �nteteut equt
＀qniet than twq {eatu when awthqt�zef b{ xqte qh the tate0 Vhe tqta＀ qwtutanf�ni rt�ne�ra＀ qh utate bqnfu
e＀eetqtu whq ate the qwnetu qh hteehq＀fu thete�n nqt �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ nexet ezeeef
whq＀＀{ ezeort htqo tazat�qn, uha＀＀ nqt be ＀ex�ef �n h�ht{ reteent qh the tqta＀ taz texenweu qh the utate hqt the
ezeeuu qh the hq＀＀qw�ni o�＀＀aieu wrqn the auueuuef twq rteeef�ni h�uea＀ {eatu, eze＀wf�ni an{ taz texenweu
xa＀we qh tea＀ eutate anf tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{< hqt he＀f �n ttwut wnfet the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn0
a＀＀ eqwnt{ rwtrqueu, ten o�＀＀u; hqt a＀＀ own�e�ra＀ rwt/ (b) Mqne{u uwhh�e�ent tq ra{ febt uetx�ee qn utate
rqueu, ten o�＀＀u; hqt a＀＀ uehqq＀ rwtrqueu, ten o�＀＀u; hqt bqnfu au the uaoe beeqoeu fwe uha＀＀ be arrtqrt�atef
watet oanaieoent rwtrqueu hqt the nqtthweut rqtt�qn b{ ＀aw0
qh the utate ＀{�ni weut qh the ＀�ne between tanieu twq (e) An{ utate bqnfu r＀efi�ni the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t
anf thtee eaut, 2025 o�＀＀; hqt watet oanaieoent qh the utate �uuwef wnfet th�u ueet�qn qt an{ qthet
rwtrqueu hqt the teoa�n�ni rqtt�qnu qh the utate, 302 ueet�qn qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn oa{ be eqob�nef hqt the
o�＀＀; anf hqt a＀＀ qthet uree�a＀ f�utt�etu a o�＀＀aie rwtrqueu qh ua＀e0
awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw arrtqxef b{ xqte qh the e＀eetqtu (f) Texenwe bqnfu oa{ be �uuwef b{ the utate qt �tu
whq ate qwnetu qh hteehq＀fu thete�n nqt whq＀＀{ ezeort aiene�eu w�thqwt a xqte qh the e＀eetqtu tq h�nanee qt
htqo tazat�qn0 A eqwnt{ hwtn�uh�ni own�e�ra＀ uetx�eeu teh�nanee the equt qh utate h�zef ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu
oa{, tq the eztent awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, ＀ex{ aff�t�qna＀ awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, anf rwtrqueu �ne�fenta＀ thetetq, anf
tazeu w�th�n the ＀�o�tu h�zef hqt own�e�ra＀ rwtrqueu0 uha＀＀ be ra{ab＀e uq＀e＀{ htqo hwnfu fet�xef f�teet＀{ htqo
J�utqt{0´Ao0 S0J0T0 3283, 3;95; afqrtef 3;980 uqwteeu qthet than utate taz texenweu0
(e) Dqnfu r＀efi�ni a＀＀ qt ratt qh a fef�eatef utate taz
SGEVKQP 320 P＀efi�ni etef�t0´Pe�thet the utate texenwe oa{ be �uuwef b{ the utate �n the oannet
nqt an{ eqwnt{, uehqq＀ f�utt�et, own�e�ra＀�t{, uree�a＀ rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee the
f�utt�et, qt aiene{ qh an{ qh theo, uha＀＀ beeqoe a �q�nt aeqw�u�t�qn anf �ortqxeoent qh ＀anf, watet ateau, anf
qwnet w�th, qt utqe�hq＀fet qh, qt i�xe, ＀enf qt wue �tu te＀atef rtqrett{ �nteteutu anf teuqwteeu hqt the rwt/
taz�ni rqwet qt etef�t tq a�f an{ eqtrqtat�qn, rqueu qh eqnuetxat�qn, qwtfqqt teeteat�qn, watet
2;
ATVKENG VKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKK

teuqwtee fexe＀qroent, teutqtat�qn qh natwta＀ u{uteou, thetewnfet; anf, �n aff�t�qn, the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t
anf h�utqt�e rteuetxat�qn0 anf taz�ni rqwet qh uweh ＀qea＀ iqxetnoenta＀ aiene�eu
(h) Gaeh rtq�eet, bw�＀f�ni, qt hae�＀�t{ tq be h�naneef qt oa{ be r＀efief hqt the ra{oent qh uweh tenta＀u w�thqwt
teh�naneef w�th texenwe bqnfu �uuwef wnfet th�u an{ e＀eet�qn qh hteehq＀fet e＀eetqtu qt qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu0
ueet�qn uha＀＀ h�tut be arrtqxef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte b{ (f) Vhe utate oa{ a＀uq �uuwe uweh bqnfu hqt the
an aet te＀at�ni tq arrtqrt�at�qnu qt b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 rwtrque qh ＀qan�ni oqne{ tq ＀qea＀ iqxetnoenta＀
J�utqt{0´Ao0 E0S0 hqt E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 832, 3;86; afqrtef 3;86; Ao0 rtqrquef
b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 5, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{
aiene�eu, hqt the eqnuttwet�qn qh uweh hae�＀�t�eu tq be
qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 qwnef qt qretatef b{ an{ qh uweh ＀qea＀ iqxetnoenta＀
aiene�eu0 Sweh ＀qanu uha＀＀ beat �nteteut at nqt oqte
SGEVKQP 320 Nqea＀ bqnfu0´Eqwnt�eu, uehqq＀ than qne/ha＀h qh qne ret eent ret annwo iteatet than
f�utt�etu, own�e�ra＀�t�eu, uree�a＀ f�utt�etu anf ＀qea＀ iqx/ the ＀aut rteeef�ni �uuwe qh utate bqnfu rwtuwant tq th�u
etnoenta＀ bqf�eu w�th taz�ni rqwetu oa{ �uuwe bqnfu, ueet�qn, uha＀＀ be ueewtef b{ the r＀efief texenweu, anf
eett�h�eateu qh �nfebtefneuu qt an{ hqto qh taz ant�e�ra/ oa{ be aff�t�qna＀＀{ ueewtef b{ the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh
t�qn eett�h�eateu, ra{ab＀e htqo af xa＀qteo tazat�qn anf the ＀qea＀ iqxetnoenta＀ aiene�eu0
oatwt�ni oqte than twe＀xe oqnthu ahtet �uuwanee qn＀{< (e) Vhe tqta＀ qwtutanf�ni rt�ne�ra＀ qh utate bqnfu
(a) tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu awthqt/ �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn 36 uha＀＀ nexet ezeeef
�zef b{ ＀aw anf qn＀{ when arrtqxef b{ xqte qh the h�ht{ ret eent qh the tqta＀ taz texenweu qh the utate hqt the
e＀eetqtu whq ate qwnetu qh hteehq＀fu thete�n nqt whq＀＀{ twq rteeef�ni h�uea＀ {eatu0
J�utqt{0´E0S0 hqt J0J0T0'u 5855, 6262, 3;92; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 J0J0T0 3693,
ezeort htqo tazat�qn; qt 3;82; afqrtef 3;820
(b) tq tehwnf qwtutanf�ni bqnfu anf �nteteut anf
tefeort�qn rteo�wo theteqn at a ＀qwet net axetaie SGEVKQP 350 Texenwe bqnfu hqt uehq＀atuh�r
�nteteut equt tate0 ＀qanu0´
(a) Yhen awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, texenwe bqnfu oa{ be
SGEVKQP 350 Te＀�eh htqo �＀＀eia＀ tazeu0´Wnt�＀ �uuwef tq eutab＀�uh a hwnf tq oa�e ＀qanu tq utwfentu
ra{oent qh a＀＀ tazeu wh�eh haxe been ＀eia＀＀{ auueuuef feteto�nef e＀�i�b＀e au rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw anf whq haxe
wrqn the rtqrett{ qh the uaoe qwnet, nq eqwtt uha＀＀ been afo�ttef tq attenf an{ rwb＀�e qt rt�xate �nut�twt�qnu
itant te＀�eh htqo the ra{oent qh an{ taz that oa{ be qh h�ihet ＀eatn�ni, �wn�qt eq＀＀eieu, hea＀th te＀atef tta�n�ni
�＀＀eia＀ qt �＀＀eia＀＀{ auueuuef0 �nut�twt�qnu, qt xqeat�qna＀ tta�n�ni eentetu, wh�eh ate
teeqin�zef qt aeetef�tef wnfet tetou anf eqnf�t�qnu
SGEVKQP 360 Dqnfu hqt rq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ anf rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0 Texenwe bqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq
abateoent anf qthet watet hae�＀�t�eu0´ th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be ueewtef b{ a r＀efie qh anf uha＀＀ be
(a) Yhen awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, utate bqnfu r＀efi�ni ra{ab＀e rt�oat�＀{ htqo ra{oentu qh �nteteut, rt�ne�ra＀,
the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the utate oa{ be �uuwef w�thqwt anf hanf＀�ni ehatieu tq uweh hwnf htqo the tee�r�entu qh
an e＀eet�qn tq h�nanee the eqnuttwet�qn qh a�t anf watet the ＀qanu anf, �h awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, oa{ be aff�t�qna＀＀{
rq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ anf abateoent anf uq＀�f waute f�u/ ueewtef b{ utwfent heeu anf b{ an{ qthet oqne{u �n
rqua＀ hae�＀�t�eu anf qthet watet hae�＀�t�eu awthqt�zef b{ uweh hwnf0 Vhete uha＀＀ be eutab＀�uhef htqo the rtqeeefu
ieneta＀ ＀aw (hete�n tehettef tq au ¬hae�＀�t�eu¹) tq be qh eaeh �uuwe qh texenwe bqnfu a teuetxe aeeqwnt �n an
qretatef b{ an{ own�e�ra＀�t{, eqwnt{, f�utt�et qt awthqt/ aoqwnt eqwa＀ tq anf uwhh�e�ent tq ra{ the iteateut
�t{, qt an{ aiene{ theteqh (hete�n tehettef tq au ¬＀qea＀ aoqwnt qh rt�ne�ra＀, �nteteut, anf hanf＀�ni ehatieu tq
iqxetnoenta＀ aiene�eu¹), qt b{ an{ aiene{ qh the State beeqoe fwe qn uweh �uuwe �n an{ enuw�ni utate h�uea＀
qh H＀qt�fa0 Sweh bqnfu uha＀＀ be ueewtef b{ a r＀efie qh {eat0
anf uha＀＀ be ra{ab＀e rt�oat�＀{ htqo a＀＀ qt an{ ratt qh (b) Knteteut oqne{u �n the hwnf eutab＀�uhef rwtuwant
texenweu tq be fet�xef htqo qretat�qn qh uweh hae�＀�t�eu, tq th�u ueet�qn, nqt teqw�tef �n an{ h�uea＀ {eat hqt
uree�a＀ auueuuoentu, tenta＀u tq be teee�xef wnfet ra{oent qh febt uetx�ee qn then qwtutanf�ni texenwe
＀eaue/rwtehaue aiteeoentu hete�n rtqx�fef hqt, an{ bqnfu qt hqt oa�ntenanee qh the teuetxe aeeqwnt, oa{
qthet texenweu that oa{ be ＀eia＀＀{ axa�＀ab＀e hqt uweh be wuef hqt efweat�qna＀ ＀qanu tq utwfentu feteto�nef tq
rwtrque, �ne＀wf�ni texenweu htqo qthet hae�＀�t�eu, qt an{ be e＀�i�b＀e thetehqt �n the oannet rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw, qt hqt
eqob�nat�qn theteqh (hete�n eq＀＀eet�xe＀{ tehettef tq au uweh qthet te＀atef rwtrqueu au oa{ be rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
¬r＀efief texenweu¹), anf uha＀＀ be aff�t�qna＀＀{ ueewtef J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 68/D, 3;93; afqrtef 3;920
b{ the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the State qh H＀qt�fa0
(b) Pq uweh bqnfu uha＀＀ be �uuwef wn＀euu a utate SGEVKQP 380 Dqnfu hqt hqwu�ni anf te＀atef
h�uea＀ aiene{, eteatef b{ ＀aw, hau oafe a feteto�nat�qn hae�＀�t�eu0´
that �n nq utate h�uea＀ {eat w�＀＀ the febt uetx�ee (a) Yhen awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, texenwe bqnfu oa{ be
teqw�teoentu qh the bqnfu rtqrquef tq be �uuwef anf �uuwef w�thqwt an e＀eet�qn tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee
a＀＀ qthet bqnfu ueewtef b{ the r＀efief texenweu hqwu�ni anf te＀atef hae�＀�t�eu �n H＀qt�fa, hete�n tehettef
ezeeef uexent{/h�xe ret eent qh the r＀efief texenweu0 tq au ¬hae�＀�t�eu0¹
(e) Vhe utate oa{ ＀eaue an{ qh uweh hae�＀�t�eu tq an{ (b) Vhe bqnfu uha＀＀ be ueewtef b{ a r＀efie qh anf
＀qea＀ iqxetnoenta＀ aiene{, wnfet ＀eaue/rwtehaue uha＀＀ be ra{ab＀e rt�oat�＀{ htqo a＀＀ qt an{ ratt qh
aiteeoentu hqt uweh ret�qfu anf wnfet uweh qthet texenweu tq be fet�xef htqo the h�nane�ni, qretat�qn
tetou anf eqnf�t�qnu au oa{ be owtwa＀＀{ aiteef wrqn0 qt ua＀e qh uweh hae�＀�t�eu, oqttiaie qt ＀qan ra{oentu,
Vhe ＀qea＀ iqxetnoenta＀ aiene�eu oa{ r＀efie the anf an{ qthet texenweu qt auuetu that oa{ be ＀eia＀＀{
texenweu fet�xef htqo uweh ＀eauef hae�＀�t�eu qt an{ axa�＀ab＀e hqt uweh rwtrqueu fet�xef htqo uqwteeu qthet
qthet axa�＀ab＀e hwnfu hqt the ra{oent qh tenta＀u than af xa＀qteo tazat�qn, �ne＀wf�ni texenweu htqo qthet
52
ATVKENG VKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKKK

hae�＀�t�eu, qt an{ eqob�nat�qn theteqh, hete�n eq＀＀eet�xe＀{ tq a＀＀ retuqnu u�o�＀at＀{ u�twatef, �ne＀wf�ni the utate anf
tehettef tq au ¬r＀efief texenweu,¹ rtqx�fef that �n nq ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu; qt the ＀aw �u e�thet teqw�tef tq
exent uha＀＀ the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the utate be eqor＀{ w�th a hefeta＀ teqw�teoent qt teqw�tef hqt
r＀efief tq ueewte uweh texenwe bqnfu0 e＀�i�b�＀�t{ hqt a hefeta＀ ent�t＀eoent, wh�eh hefeta＀ teqw�te/
(e) Pq bqnfu uha＀＀ be �uuwef wn＀euu a utate h�uea＀ oent uree�h�ea＀＀{ eqnteor＀ateu aet�qnu b{ eqwnt�eu qt
aiene{, eteatef b{ ＀aw, hau oafe a feteto�nat�qn that own�e�ra＀�t�eu hqt eqor＀�anee0
�n nq utate h�uea＀ {eat w�＀＀ the febt uetx�ee teqw�teoentu (b) Gzeert wrqn arrtqxa＀ qh eaeh hqwue qh the
qh the bqnfu rtqrquef tq be �uuwef anf a＀＀ qthet bqnfu ＀ei�u＀atwte b{ twq/th�tfu qh the oeobetuh�r, the ＀ei�u/
ueewtef b{ the uaoe r＀efief texenweu ezeeef the ＀atwte oa{ nqt enaet, aoenf, qt terea＀ an{ ieneta＀ ＀aw
r＀efief texenweu axa�＀ab＀e hqt ra{oent qh uweh febt �h the ant�e�ratef ehheet qh fq�ni uq wqw＀f be tq tefwee
uetx�ee teqw�teoentu, au feh�nef b{ ＀aw0 the awthqt�t{ that own�e�ra＀�t�eu qt eqwnt�eu haxe tq ta�ue
J�utqt{0´Affef, S0J0T0 8/G, 3;82; afqrtef 3;820
texenweu �n the aiiteiate, au uweh awthqt�t{ ez�utu qn
Hebtwat{ 3, 3;8;0
SGEVKQP 390 Dqnfu hqt aeqw�t�ni ttanurqtta/ (e) Gzeert wrqn arrtqxa＀ qh eaeh hqwue qh the
t�qn t�iht/qh/wa{ qt hqt eqnuttwet�ni bt�fieu0´ ＀ei�u＀atwte b{ twq/th�tfu qh the oeobetuh�r, the ＀ei�u/
(a) Yhen awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, utate bqnfu r＀efi�ni ＀atwte oa{ nqt enaet, aoenf, qt terea＀ an{ ieneta＀ ＀aw
the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the utate oa{ be �uuwef, �h the ant�e�ratef ehheet qh fq�ni uq wqw＀f be tq tefwee
w�thqwt a xqte qh the e＀eetqtu, tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee the the reteentaie qh a utate taz uhatef w�th eqwnt�eu anf
equt qh aeqw�t�ni tea＀ rtqrett{ qt the t�ihtu tq tea＀ own�e�ra＀�t�eu au an aiiteiate qn Hebtwat{ 3, 3;8;0
rtqrett{ hqt utate tqafu au feh�nef b{ ＀aw, qt tq h�nanee Vhe rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ nqt arr＀{ tq
qt teh�nanee the equt qh utate bt�fie eqnuttwet�qn, anf enhaneeoentu enaetef ahtet Hebtwat{ 3, 3;8;, tq utate
rwtrqueu �ne�fenta＀ tq uweh rtqrett{ aeqw�u�t�qn qt utate taz uqwteeu, qt fwt�ni a h�uea＀ eoetiene{ fee＀atef �n a
bt�fie eqnuttwet�qn0 wt�tten �q�nt rtqe＀aoat�qn �uuwef b{ the rteu�fent qh the
(b) Dqnfu �uuwef wnfet th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be ueewtef uenate anf the urea�et qh the hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu,
b{ a r＀efie qh anf uha＀＀ be ra{ab＀e rt�oat�＀{ htqo oqtqt qt whete the ＀ei�u＀atwte rtqx�feu aff�t�qna＀ utate/
hwe＀ qt uree�a＀ hwe＀ tazeu, ezeert thque feh�nef �n uhatef texenweu wh�eh ate ant�e�ratef tq be uwhh�e�ent
Seet�qn ;(e) qh Att�e＀e ZKK, au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw, anf tq ter＀aee the ant�e�ratef aiiteiate ＀quu qh utate/
uha＀＀ aff�t�qna＀＀{ be ueewtef b{ the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh uhatef texenweu teuw＀t�ni htqo the tefwet�qn qh the
the utate0 reteentaie qh the utate taz uhatef w�th eqwnt�eu anf
(e) Pq bqnfu uha＀＀ be �uuwef wnfet th�u ueet�qn own�e�ra＀�t�eu, wh�eh uqwtee qh ter＀aeeoent texenweu
wn＀euu a utate h�uea＀ aiene{, eteatef b{ ＀aw, hau oafe a uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq the uaoe teqw�teoentu hqt terea＀ qt
feteto�nat�qn that �n nq utate h�uea＀ {eat w�＀＀ the febt oqf�h�eat�qn au rtqx�fef hete�n hqt a utate/uhatef taz
uetx�ee teqw�teoentu qh the bqnfu rtqrquef tq be uqwtee ez�ut�ni qn Hebtwat{ 3, 3;8;0
�uuwef anf a＀＀ qthet bqnfu ueewtef b{ the uaoe (f) Nawu afqrtef tq teqw�te hwnf�ni qh renu�qn
r＀efief texenweu ezeeef n�net{ reteent qh the r＀efief beneh�tu ez�ut�ni qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u ueet�qn,
texenweu axa�＀ab＀e hqt ra{oent qh uweh febt uetx�ee
et�o�na＀ ＀awu, e＀eet�qn ＀awu, the ieneta＀ arrtqrt�at�qnu
teqw�teoentu, au feh�nef b{ ＀aw0 Hqt the rwtrqueu qh
aet, uree�a＀ arrtqrt�at�qnu aetu, ＀awu teawthqt�z�ni bwt
th�u uwbueet�qn, the teto ¬r＀efief texenweu¹ oeanu a＀＀
nqt ezranf�ni then/ez�ut�ni utatwtqt{ awthqt�t{, ＀awu
texenweu r＀efief tq the ra{oent qh febt uetx�ee,
hax�ni �nu�in�h�eant h�uea＀ �oraet, anf ＀awu eteat�ni,
eze＀wf�ni an{ r＀efie qh the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the
oqf�h{�ni, qt terea＀�ni nqnet�o�na＀ �nhtaet�qnu, ate
utate0
J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 5;3, 3;88; afqrtef 3;880 ezeort htqo the teqw�teoentu qh th�u ueet�qn0
(e) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ enaet ＀awu tq auu�ut �n the
SGEVKQP 380 Nawu teqw�t�ni eqwnt�eu qt own�/ �or＀eoentat�qn anf enhqteeoent qh th�u ueet�qn0
J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt E0S0 hqt E0S0 hqt E0S0 hqt J0J0T0'u 35;, 62, 3;8;;
e�ra＀�t�eu tq urenf hwnfu qt ＀�o�t�ni the�t ab�＀�t{ tq afqrtef 3;;20
ta�ue texenwe qt teee�xe utate taz texenwe0´
(a) Pq eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ uha＀＀ be bqwnf b{ an{ ATVKENG VKKK
ieneta＀ ＀aw teqw�t�ni uweh eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ tq
urenf hwnfu qt tq ta�e an aet�qn teqw�t�ni the ezren/ NQEAN GQVGTPMGPV
f�twte qh hwnfu wn＀euu the ＀ei�u＀atwte hau feteto�nef
that uweh ＀aw hw＀h�＀＀u an �orqttant utate �nteteut anf See0
wn＀euu< hwnfu haxe been arrtqrt�atef that haxe been
eut�oatef at the t�oe qh enaetoent tq be uwhh�e�ent tq 30 Eqwnt�eu0
hwnf uweh ezrenf�twte; the ＀ei�u＀atwte awthqt�zeu qt hau 20 Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu0
awthqt�zef a eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ tq enaet a hwnf�ni 50 Eqnuq＀�fat�qn0
uqwtee nqt axa�＀ab＀e hqt uweh eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{ qn 60 Vtanuhet qh rqwetu0
Hebtwat{ 3, 3;8;, that ean be wuef tq ienetate the 50 Nqea＀ qrt�qn0
aoqwnt qh hwnfu eut�oatef tq be uwhh�e�ent tq hwnf uweh 80 Sehefw＀e tq Att�e＀e VKKK0
ezrenf�twte b{ a u�or＀e oa�qt�t{ xqte qh the iqxetn�ni
bqf{ qh uweh eqwnt{ qt own�e�ra＀�t{; the ＀aw teqw�t�ni SGEVKQP 30 Eqwnt�eu0´
uweh ezrenf�twte �u arrtqxef b{ twq/th�tfu qh the (a) PQNKVKEAN SWDDKVKSKQPS0 Vhe utate uha＀＀
oeobetuh�r �n eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte; the be f�x�fef b{ ＀aw �ntq rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qnu ea＀＀ef
ezrenf�twte �u teqw�tef tq eqor＀{ w�th a ＀aw that arr＀�eu eqwnt�eu0 Eqwnt�eu oa{ be eteatef, abq＀�uhef qt
53
ATVKENG VKKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKKK

ehanief b{ ＀aw, w�th rtqx�u�qn hqt ra{oent qt arrqt/ (�) VKQNAVKQP QH QTDKPAPEGS0 Petuqnu x�q/
t�qnoent qh the rwb＀�e febt0 ＀at�ni eqwnt{ qtf�naneeu uha＀＀ be rtqueewtef anf
(b) EQWPVY HWPDS0 Vhe eate, ewutqf{ anf rwn�uhef au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
oethqf qh f�ubwtu�ni eqwnt{ hwnfu uha＀＀ be rtqx�fef (�) EQWPVY SGAV0 Kn exet{ eqwnt{ thete uha＀＀ be
b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 a eqwnt{ ueat at wh�eh uha＀＀ be ＀qeatef the rt�ne�ra＀
(e) GQVGTPMGPV0 Pwtuwant tq ieneta＀ qt ure/ qhh�eeu anf retoanent teeqtfu qh a＀＀ eqwnt{ qhh�eetu0 Vhe
e�a＀ ＀aw, a eqwnt{ iqxetnoent oa{ be eutab＀�uhef b{ eqwnt{ ueat oa{ nqt be oqxef ezeert au rtqx�fef b{
ehattet wh�eh uha＀＀ be afqrtef, aoenfef qt terea＀ef ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Dtaneh qhh�eeu hqt the eqnfwet qh eqwnt{
qn＀{ wrqn xqte qh the e＀eetqtu qh the eqwnt{ �n a uree�a＀ bwu�neuu oa{ be eutab＀�uhef e＀uewhete �n the eqwnt{ b{
e＀eet�qn ea＀＀ef hqt that rwtrque0 teuq＀wt�qn qh the iqxetn�ni bqf{ qh the eqwnt{ �n the
(f) EQWPVY QHHKEGTS0 Vhete uha＀＀ be e＀eetef oannet rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw0 Pq �nuttwoent uha＀＀ be
b{ the e＀eetqtu qh eaeh eqwnt{, hqt tetou qh hqwt {eatu, a feeoef teeqtfef wnt�＀ h�＀ef at the eqwnt{ ueat, qt a
uhet�hh, a taz eq＀＀eetqt, a rtqrett{ arrta�uet, a uwret/ btaneh qhh�ee feu�inatef b{ the iqxetn�ni bqf{ qh the
x�uqt qh e＀eet�qnu, anf a e＀et� qh the e�tew�t eqwtt; ezeert, eqwnt{ hqt the teeqtf�ni qh �nuttwoentu, aeeqtf�ni tq
when rtqx�fef b{ eqwnt{ ehattet qt uree�a＀ ＀aw ＀aw0
arrtqxef b{ xqte qh the e＀eetqtu qh the eqwnt{, an{ J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 3;29, 3;95; afqrtef 3;96; Ao0 J0J0T0 652, 3;86;
afqrtef 3;86; Ao0 J0J0T0 325, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn
eqwnt{ qhh�eet oa{ be ehquen �n anqthet oannet thete�n Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5,
uree�h�ef, qt an{ eqwnt{ qhh�ee oa{ be abq＀�uhef when 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
a＀＀ the fwt�eu qh the qhh�ee rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw ate
ttanuhettef tq anqthet qhh�ee0 Yhen nqt qthetw�ue SGEVKQP 20 Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu0´
rtqx�fef b{ eqwnt{ ehattet qt uree�a＀ ＀aw arrtqxef b{ (a) GSVADNKSJMGPV0 Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu oa{ be eu/
xqte qh the e＀eetqtu, the e＀et� qh the e�tew�t eqwtt uha＀＀ be tab＀�uhef qt abq＀�uhef anf the�t ehattetu aoenfef
ez qhh�e�q e＀et� qh the bqatf qh eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu, rwtuwant tq ieneta＀ qt uree�a＀ ＀aw0 Yhen an{ own�e�/
awf�tqt, teeqtfet anf ewutqf�an qh a＀＀ eqwnt{ hwnfu0 ra＀�t{ �u abq＀�uhef, rtqx�u�qn uha＀＀ be oafe hqt the
(e) EQMMKSSKQPGTS0 Gzeert when qthetw�ue rtqteet�qn qh �tu etef�tqtu0
rtqx�fef b{ eqwnt{ ehattet, the iqxetn�ni bqf{ qh (b) PQYGTS0 Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu uha＀＀ haxe iqxetn/
eaeh eqwnt{ uha＀＀ be a bqatf qh eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu oenta＀, eqtrqtate anf rtqrt�etat{ rqwetu tq enab＀e
eqorquef qh h�xe qt uexen oeobetu uetx�ni utaiietef theo tq eqnfwet own�e�ra＀ iqxetnoent, rethqto own�/
tetou qh hqwt {eatu0 Ahtet eaeh feeenn�a＀ eenuwu the e�ra＀ hwnet�qnu anf tenfet own�e�ra＀ uetx�eeu, anf oa{
bqatf qh eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu uha＀＀ f�x�fe the eqwnt{ ezete�ue an{ rqwet hqt own�e�ra＀ rwtrqueu ezeert au
�ntq f�utt�etu qh eqnt�iwqwu tett�tqt{ au neat＀{ eqwa＀ �n qthetw�ue rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 Gaeh own�e�ra＀ ＀ei�u＀at�xe
rqrw＀at�qn au rtaet�eab＀e0 Qne eqoo�uu�qnet teu�f�ni �n bqf{ uha＀＀ be e＀eet�xe0
eaeh f�utt�et uha＀＀ be e＀eetef au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
(e) APPGZAVKQP0 Mwn�e�ra＀ annezat�qn qh wn�n/
(h) PQP/EJATVGT GQVGTPMGPV0 Eqwnt�eu
eqtrqtatef tett�tqt{, oetiet qh own�e�ra＀�t�eu, anf ez/
nqt qretat�ni wnfet eqwnt{ ehattetu uha＀＀ haxe uweh
ete�ue qh eztta/tett�tqt�a＀ rqwetu b{ own�e�ra＀�t�eu uha＀＀
rqwet qh ue＀h/iqxetnoent au �u rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ qt
be au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ qt uree�a＀ ＀aw0
uree�a＀ ＀aw0 Vhe bqatf qh eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu qh a
eqwnt{ nqt qretat�ni wnfet a ehattet oa{ enaet, �n a
oannet rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, eqwnt{ qtf�naneeu SGEVKQP 50 Eqnuq＀�fat�qn0´Vhe iqxetnoent qh
nqt �neqnu�utent w�th ieneta＀ qt uree�a＀ ＀aw, bwt an a eqwnt{ anf the iqxetnoent qh qne qt oqte own�e�/
qtf�nanee �n eqnh＀�et w�th a own�e�ra＀ qtf�nanee uha＀＀ nqt ra＀�t�eu ＀qeatef thete�n oa{ be eqnuq＀�fatef �ntq a
be ehheet�xe w�th�n the own�e�ra＀�t{ tq the eztent qh uweh u�ni＀e iqxetnoent wh�eh oa{ ezete�ue an{ anf a＀＀
eqnh＀�et0 rqwetu qh the eqwnt{ anf the uexeta＀ own�e�ra＀�t�eu0 Vhe
(i) EJATVGT GQVGTPMGPV0 Eqwnt�eu qretat/ eqnuq＀�fat�qn r＀an oa{ be rtqrquef qn＀{ b{ uree�a＀ ＀aw,
�ni wnfet eqwnt{ ehattetu uha＀＀ haxe a＀＀ rqwetu qh ＀qea＀ wh�eh uha＀＀ beeqoe ehheet�xe �h arrtqxef b{ xqte qh the
ue＀h/iqxetnoent nqt �neqnu�utent w�th ieneta＀ ＀aw, qt e＀eetqtu qh the eqwnt{, qt qh the eqwnt{ anf own�e�/
w�th uree�a＀ ＀aw arrtqxef b{ xqte qh the e＀eetqtu0 Vhe ra＀�t�eu ahheetef, au oa{ be rtqx�fef �n the r＀an0
iqxetn�ni bqf{ qh a eqwnt{ qretat�ni wnfet a ehattet Eqnuq＀�fat�qn uha＀＀ nqt eztenf the tett�tqt�a＀ ueqre qh
oa{ enaet eqwnt{ qtf�naneeu nqt �neqnu�utent w�th tazat�qn hqt the ra{oent qh rte/ez�ut�ni febt ezeert tq
ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe ehattet uha＀＀ rtqx�fe wh�eh uha＀＀ ateau whque teu�fentu teee�xe a beneh�t htqo the hae�＀�t{
rtexa�＀ �n the exent qh eqnh＀�et between eqwnt{ anf qt uetx�ee hqt wh�eh the �nfebtefneuu wau �newttef0
own�e�ra＀ qtf�naneeu0
(h) VAZGS; NKMKVAVKQP0 Ptqrett{ u�twate w�th�n SGEVKQP 60 Vtanuhet qh rqwetu0´D{ ＀aw qt b{
own�e�ra＀�t�eu uha＀＀ nqt be uwb�eet tq tazat�qn hqt teuq＀wt�qn qh the iqxetn�ni bqf�eu qh eaeh qh the
uetx�eeu tenfetef b{ the eqwnt{ eze＀wu�xe＀{ hqt the iqxetnoentu ahheetef, an{ hwnet�qn qt rqwet qh a
beneh�t qh the rtqrett{ qt teu�fentu �n wn�neqtrqtatef eqwnt{, own�e�ra＀�t{ qt uree�a＀ f�utt�et oa{ be ttanu/
ateau0 hettef tq qt eqnttaetef tq be rethqtoef b{ anqthet
(�) EQWPVY QTDKPAPEGS0 Gaeh eqwnt{ qtf�/ eqwnt{, own�e�ra＀�t{ qt uree�a＀ f�utt�et, ahtet arrtqxa＀ b{
nanee uha＀＀ be h�＀ef w�th the ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu xqte qh the e＀eetqtu qh the ttanuhetqt anf arrtqxa＀ b{
anf uha＀＀ beeqoe ehheet�xe at uweh t�oe theteahtet au �u xqte qh the e＀eetqtu qh the ttanuhetee, qt au qthetw�ue
rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
52
ATVKENG VKKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKKK

SGEVKQP 50 Nqea＀ qrt�qn0´ ua�f aoenfoentu thetetq ate awthqt�zef wnfet ua�f
(a) Nqea＀ qrt�qn qn the ＀eia＀�t{ qt rtqh�b�t�qn qh the 5Att�e＀e VKKK, Seet�qn 33, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au
ua＀e qh �ntqz�eat�ni ＀�qwqtu, w�neu qt beetu uha＀＀ be aoenfef0
rteuetxef tq eaeh eqwnt{0 Vhe utatwu qh a eqwnt{ w�th (h) DADG EQWPVY; PQYGTS EQPHGTTGD
teureet thetetq uha＀＀ be ehanief qn＀{ b{ xqte qh the WPQP MWPKEKPANKVKGS0 Vq the eztent nqt �neqnu�u/
e＀eetqtu �n a uree�a＀ e＀eet�qn ea＀＀ef wrqn the ret�t�qn qh tent w�th the rqwetu qh ez�ut�ni own�e�ra＀�t�eu qt ieneta＀
twent{/h�xe ret eent qh the e＀eetqtu qh the eqwnt{, anf ＀aw, the Mettqrq＀�tan Gqxetnoent qh Dafe Eqwnt{ oa{
nqt uqqnet than twq {eatu ahtet an eat＀�et e＀eet�qn qn the ezete�ue a＀＀ the rqwetu eqnhettef nqw qt heteahtet b{
uaoe qweut�qn0 Yhete ＀eia＀, the ua＀e qh �ntqz�eat�ni ieneta＀ ＀aw wrqn own�e�ra＀�t�eu0
＀�qwqtu, w�neu anf beetu uha＀＀ be teiw＀atef b{ ＀aw0 (i) DGNGVKQP QH QDSQNGVG SEJGDWNG
(b) Gaeh eqwnt{ uha＀＀ haxe the awthqt�t{ tq teqw�te a KVGMS0 Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ haxe rqwet, b{ �q�nt
et�o�na＀ h�utqt{ teeqtfu ehee� anf a 5 tq 5/fa{ wa�t�ni teuq＀wt�qn, tq fe＀ete htqo th�u att�e＀e an{ uwbueet�qn qh
ret�qf, eze＀wf�ni wee�enfu anf ＀eia＀ hq＀�fa{u, �n th�u Seet�qn 8, �ne＀wf�ni th�u uwbueet�qn, when a＀＀ exentu
eqnneet�qn w�th the ua＀e qh an{ h�teato qeewtt�ni w�th�n tq wh�eh the uwbueet�qn tq be fe＀etef �u qt eqw＀f beeqoe
uweh eqwnt{0 Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u uwbueet�qn, the teto arr＀�eab＀e haxe qeewttef0 A ＀ei�u＀at�xe feteto�nat�qn qh
¬ua＀e¹ oeanu the ttanuhet qh oqne{ qt qthet xa＀wab＀e haet oafe au a bau�u hqt arr＀�eat�qn qh th�u uwbueet�qn
eqnu�fetat�qn hqt an{ h�teato when an{ ratt qh the uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq �wf�e�a＀ tex�ew0
3Pqte0´Seet�qn ; qh Att0 VKKK qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, teafu au
ttanuaet�qn �u eqnfwetef qn rtqrett{ tq wh�eh the rwb＀�e hq＀＀qwu<
hau the t�iht qh aeeeuu0 Jq＀fetu qh a eqneea＀ef SGEVKQP ;0 Nei�u＀at�xe rqwet qxet e�t{ qh Jae�uqnx�＀＀e anf Dwxa＀ Eqwnt{0´
wearqnu reto�t au rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw uha＀＀ Vhe Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq eutab＀�uh, a＀tet qt abq＀�uh, a Mwn�e�ra＀
eqtrqtat�qn tq be �nqwn au the E�t{ qh Jae�uqnx�＀＀e, eztenf�ni tett�tqt�a＀＀{ thtqwihqwt
nqt be uwb�eet tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u uwbueet�qn when the rteuent ＀�o�tu qh Dwxa＀ Eqwnt{, �n the r＀aee qh an{ qt a＀＀ eqwnt{, f�utt�et, own�e�ra＀
rwtehau�ni a h�teato0 anf ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu, bqatfu, bqf�eu anf qhh�eetu, eqnut�twt�qna＀ qt utatwtqt{,
＀ei�u＀at�xe, ezeewt�xe, �wf�e�a＀, qt afo�n�uttat�xe, anf uha＀＀ rteuet�be the �wt�uf�et�qn,
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
rqwetu, fwt�eu anf hwnet�qnu qh uweh own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn, �tu ＀ei�u＀at�xe, ezeewt�xe,
32, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
�wf�e�a＀ anf afo�n�uttat�xe ferattoentu anf �tu bqatfu, bqf�eu anf qhh�eetu; tq f�x�fe
the tett�tqt{ �ne＀wfef �n uweh own�e�ra＀�t{ �ntq uwbqtf�nate f�utt�etu, anf tq rteuet�be
a �wut anf teauqnab＀e u{uteo qh tazat�qn hqt uweh own�e�ra＀�t{ anf f�utt�etu; anf tq h�z
SGEVKQP 80 Sehefw＀e tq Att�e＀e VKKK0´ the ＀�ab�＀�t{ qh uweh own�e�ra＀�t{ anf f�utt�etu0 Dqnfef anf qthet �nfebtefneuu,
(a) Vh�u att�e＀e uha＀＀ ter＀aee a＀＀ qh Att�e＀e VKKK qh the ez�ut�ni at the t�oe qh the eutab＀�uhoent qh uweh own�e�ra＀�t{, uha＀＀ be enhqteeab＀e
qn＀{ aia�nut rtqrett{ thetetqhqte tazab＀e thetehqt0 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀, htqo t�oe tq
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, ezeert thque uee/ t�oe, feteto�ne what rqtt�qn qh ua�f own�e�ra＀�t{ �u a twta＀ atea, anf a hqoeuteaf �n
t�qnu ezrteuu＀{ teta�nef anf oafe a ratt qh th�u att�e＀e uweh twta＀ atea uha＀＀ nqt be ＀�o�tef au �h �n a e�t{ qt tqwn0 Sweh own�e�ra＀�t{ oa{
b{ tehetenee0 ezete�ue a＀＀ the rqwetu qh a own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn anf uha＀＀ a＀uq be teeqin�zef au
qne qh the ＀eia＀ rq＀�t�ea＀ f�x�u�qnu qh the State w�th the fwt�eu anf qb＀�iat�qnu qh a
(b) EQWPVKGS; EQWPVY SGAVS; MWPKEKPANK/ eqwnt{ anf uha＀＀ be ent�t＀ef tq a＀＀ the rqwetu, t�ihtu anf rt�x�＀eieu, �ne＀wf�ni
VKGS; DKSVTKEVS0 Vhe utatwu qh the hq＀＀qw�ni �teou terteuentat�qn �n the State Nei�u＀atwte, wh�eh wqw＀f aeetwe tq �t �h �t wete a eqwnt{0
A＀＀ rtqrett{ qh Dwxa＀ Eqwnt{ anf qh the own�e�ra＀�t�eu �n ua�f eqwnt{ uha＀＀ xeut �n
au the{ ez�ut qn the fate th�u att�e＀e beeqoeu ehheet�xe �u uweh own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn when eutab＀�uhef au hete�n rtqx�fef0 Vhe qhh�eeu qh
teeqin�zef anf uha＀＀ be eqnt�nwef wnt�＀ ehanief �n E＀et� qh the E�tew�t Eqwtt anf Shet�hh uha＀＀ nqt be abq＀�uhef bwt the Nei�u＀atwte oa{
rteuet�be the t�oe when, anf the oethqf b{ wh�eh, uweh qhh�eeu uha＀＀ be h�＀＀ef anf
aeeqtfanee w�th ＀aw< the eqwnt�eu qh the utate; the�t the eqorenuat�qn tq be ra�f tq uweh qhh�eetu anf oa{ xeut �n theo aff�t�qna＀ rqwetu
utatwu w�th teureet tq the ＀eia＀�t{ qh the ua＀e qh anf fwt�eu0 Pq eqwnt{ qhh�ee uha＀＀ be abq＀�uhef qt eqnuq＀�fatef w�th anqthet qhh�ee
w�thqwt oa��ni rtqx�u�qn hqt the rethqtoanee qh a＀＀ State fwt�eu nqw qt heteahtet
�ntqz�eat�ni ＀�qwqtu, w�neu anf beetu; the oethqf qh rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw tq be rethqtoef b{ uweh eqwnt{ qhh�eet0 Pqth�ni eqnta�nef hete�n
ue＀eet�qn qh eqwnt{ qhh�eetu; the rethqtoanee qh own�/ uha＀＀ ahheet Seet�qn 22 qh Att�e＀e KKK qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh the State qh H＀qt�fa, ezeert
au tq uweh rtqx�u�qnu thete�n au te＀ate tq teiw＀at�ni the �wt�uf�et�qn anf fwt�eu qh an{
e�ra＀ hwnet�qnu b{ eqwnt{ qhh�eetu; the eqwnt{ ueatu; anf e＀auu qh qhh�eetu, tq uwooqn�ni anf �orane＀＀�ni itanf anf ret�t �wtqtu, tq auueuu�ni
the own�e�ra＀�t�eu anf uree�a＀ f�utt�etu qh the utate, the�t anf eq＀＀eet�ni tazeu hqt eqwnt{ rwtrqueu anf tq teiw＀at�ni the heeu anf
eqorenuat�qn qh eqwnt{ qhh�eetu0 Pq ＀aw awthqt�z�ni the eutab＀�uh�ni qt abq＀�uh�ni
rqwetu, �wt�uf�et�qn anf iqxetnoent0 qh uweh Mwn�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn rwtuwant tq th�u Seet�qn, uha＀＀ beeqoe qretat�xe qt
(e) QHHKEGTS VQ EQPVKPWG KP QHHKEG0 Gxet{ ehheet�xe wnt�＀ arrtqxef b{ a oa�qt�t{ qh the qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu ratt�e�rat�ni �n an
e＀eet�qn he＀f �n ua�f Eqwnt{, bwt uq ＀qni au uweh Mwn�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn ez�utu wnfet
retuqn hq＀f�ni qhh�ee when th�u att�e＀e beeqoeu ehhee/ th�u Seet�qn the Nei�u＀atwte oa{ aoenf qt eztenf the ＀aw awthqt�z�ni the uaoe
t�xe uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe �n qhh�ee hqt the teoa�nfet qh the teto w�thqwt tehetenfwo tq the qwa＀�h�ef xqtetu wn＀euu the Nei�u＀at�xe aet rtqx�f�ni hqt
uweh aoenfoent qt eztenu�qn uha＀＀ rtqx�fe hqt uweh tehetenfwo0
�h that qhh�ee �u nqt abq＀�uhef0 Kh the qhh�ee �u abq＀�uhef the J�utqt{0⁀Affef, S0J0T0 335, 3;55; afqrtef 3;560
�newobent uha＀＀ be ra�f afeqwate eqorenuat�qn, tq be 2Pqte0´Seet�qn 32, Att0 VKKK qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, teafu au

hq＀＀qwu<
h�zef b{ ＀aw, hqt the ＀quu qh eoq＀woentu hqt the SGEVKQP 320 Nei�u＀at�xe rqwet qxet e�t{ qh Me{ Yeut anf Mqntqe eqwnt{0´
teoa�nfet qh the teto0 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq eutab＀�uh, a＀tet qt abq＀�uh, a Mwn�e�ra＀
eqtrqtat�qn tq be �nqwn au the E�t{ qh Me{ Yeut, eztenf�ni tett�tqt�a＀＀{ thtqwihqwt
(f) QTDKPAPEGS0 Nqea＀ ＀awu te＀at�ni qn＀{ tq the rteuent ＀�o�tu qh Mqntqe Eqwnt{, �n the r＀aee qh an{ qt a＀＀ eqwnt{, f�utt�et,
wn�neqtrqtatef ateau qh a eqwnt{ qn the ehheet�xe fate own�e�ra＀ anf ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu, bqatfu, bqf�eu anf qhh�eetu, eqnut�twt�qna＀ qt
utatwtqt{, ＀ei�u＀at�xe, ezeewt�xe, �wf�e�a＀, qt afo�n�uttat�xe, anf uha＀＀ rteuet�be the
qh th�u att�e＀e oa{ be aoenfef qt terea＀ef b{ eqwnt{ �wt�uf�et�qn, rqwetu, fwt�eu anf hwnet�qnu qh uweh own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn, �tu
qtf�nanee0 ＀ei�u＀at�xe, ezeewt�xe, �wf�e�a＀ anf afo�n�uttat�xe ferattoentu anf �tu bqatfu,
bqf�eu anf qhh�eetu; tq f�x�fe the tett�tqt{ �ne＀wfef �n uweh own�e�ra＀�t{ �ntq
(e) EQPSQNKDAVKQP APD JQMG TWNG0 Att�e＀e uwbqtf�nate f�utt�etu, anf tq rteuet�be a �wut anf teauqnab＀e u{uteo qh tazat�qn
VKKK, Seet�qnu 3;, 232, 533 anf 626, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh hqt uweh own�e�ra＀�t{ anf f�utt�etu; anf tq h�z the ＀�ab�＀�t{ qh uweh own�e�ra＀�t{ anf
f�utt�etu0 Dqnfef anf qthet �nfebtefneuu, ez�ut�ni at the t�oe qh the eutab＀�uhoent qh
3885, au aoenfef, uha＀＀ teoa�n �n hw＀＀ hqtee anf ehheet uweh own�e�ra＀�t{, uha＀＀ be enhqteeab＀e qn＀{ aia�nut rtqrett{ thetetqhqte tazab＀e
au tq eaeh eqwnt{ ahheetef, au �h th�u att�e＀e haf nqt been thetehqt0 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀, htqo t�oe tq t�oe, feteto�ne what rqtt�qn qh ua�f
own�e�ra＀�t{ �u a twta＀ atea, anf a hqoeuteaf �n uweh twta＀ atea uha＀＀ nqt be ＀�o�tef
afqrtef, wnt�＀ that eqwnt{ uha＀＀ ezrteuu＀{ afqrt a au �h �n a e�t{ qt tqwn0 Sweh own�e�ra＀�t{ oa{ ezete�ue a＀＀ the rqwetu qh a own�e�ra＀
ehattet qt hqoe tw＀e r＀an rwtuwant tq th�u att�e＀e0 A＀＀ eqtrqtat�qn anf uha＀＀ a＀uq be teeqin�zef au qne qh the ＀eia＀ rq＀�t�ea＀ f�x�u�qnu qh the
State w�th the fwt�eu anf qb＀�iat�qnu qh a eqwnt{ anf uha＀＀ be ent�t＀ef tq a＀＀ the
rtqx�u�qnu qh the Mettqrq＀�tan Dafe Eqwnt{ Jqoe Tw＀e rqwetu, t�ihtu anf rt�x�＀eieu, �ne＀wf�ni terteuentat�qn �n the State Nei�u＀atwte,
Ehattet, hetetqhqte qt heteahtet afqrtef b{ the e＀eetqtu wh�eh wqw＀f aeetwe tq �t �h �t wete a eqwnt{0 A＀＀ rtqrett{ qh Mqntqe Eqwnt{ anf qh the
own�e�ra＀�t{ �n ua�f eqwnt{ uha＀＀ xeut �n uweh own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn when eutab＀�uhef
qh Dafe Eqwnt{ rwtuwant tq 5Att�e＀e VKKK, Seet�qn 33, qh au hete�n rtqx�fef0 Vhe qhh�eeu qh E＀et� qh the E�tew�t Eqwtt anf Shet�hh uha＀＀ nqt be
the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, uha＀＀ be xa＀�f, abq＀�uhef bwt the Nei�u＀atwte oa{ rteuet�be the t�oe when, anf the oethqf b{
wh�eh, uweh qhh�eeu uha＀＀ be h�＀＀ef anf the eqorenuat�qn tq be ra�f tq uweh qhh�eetu
anf an{ aoenfoentu tq uweh ehattet uha＀＀ be xa＀�f; anf oa{ xeut �n theo aff�t�qna＀ rqwetu anf fwt�eu0 Pq eqwnt{ qhh�ee uha＀＀ be
rtqx�fef that the ua�f rtqx�u�qnu qh uweh ehattet anf the abq＀�uhef qt eqnuq＀�fatef w�th anqthet qhh�ee w�thqwt oa��ni rtqx�u�qn hqt the

55
ATVKENG VKKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG VKKK

rethqtoanee qh a＀＀ State fwt�eu nqw qt heteahtet rteuet�bef b{ ＀aw tq be rethqtoef arr＀�eab＀e ieneta＀ ＀awu nqw arr＀{�ni tq Dafe Eqwnt{ anf an{ qthet qne qt oqte
b{ uweh eqwnt{ qhh�eet0 Pqth�ni eqnta�nef hete�n uha＀＀ ahheet Seet�qn 22 qh Att�e＀e KKK eqwnt�eu qh the State qh H＀qt�fa ezeert au ezrteuu＀{ awthqt�zef �n th�u ueet�qn nqt
qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh the State qh H＀qt�fa, ezeert au tq uweh rtqx�u�qnu thete�n au uha＀＀ an{ qtf�nanee enaetef �n rwtuwanee tq ua�f hqoe tw＀e ehattet eqnh＀�et w�th th�u
te＀ate tq teiw＀at�ni the �wt�uf�et�qn anf fwt�eu qh an{ e＀auu qh qhh�eetu, tq uwooqn�ni Eqnut�twt�qn qt an{ uweh arr＀�eab＀e ieneta＀ ＀aw ezeert au ezrteuu＀{ awthqt�zef
anf �orane＀＀�ni itanf anf ret�t �wt�eu, tq auueuu�ni anf eq＀＀eet�ni tazeu hqt eqwnt{ hete�n, nqt uha＀＀ the ehattet qh an{ own�e�ra＀�t{ �n Dafe Eqwnt{ eqnh＀�et w�th th�u
rwtrqueu anf tq teiw＀at�ni the heeu anf eqorenuat�qn qh eqwnt{ qhh�eetu0 Pq ＀aw Eqnut�twt�qn qt an{ uweh arr＀�eab＀e ieneta＀ ＀aw ezeert au ezrteuu＀{ awthqt�zef
awthqt�z�ni the eutab＀�uh�ni qt abq＀�uh�ni qh uweh Mwn�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn rwtuwant tq hete�n, rtqx�fef hqwexet that ua�f ehattet anf ua�f qtf�naneeu enaetef �n
th�u Seet�qn uha＀＀ beeqoe qretat�xe qt ehheet�xe wnt�＀ arrtqxef b{ a oa�qt�t{ qh the rwtuwanee theteqh oa{ eqnh＀�et w�th, oqf�h{ qt nw＀＀�h{ an{ ez�ut�ni ＀qea＀, uree�a＀
qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu ratt�e�rat�ni �n an e＀eet�qn he＀f �n ua�f Eqwnt{, bwt uq ＀qni au uweh qt ieneta＀ ＀aw arr＀�eab＀e qn＀{ tq Dafe Eqwnt{0
Mwn�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn ez�utu wnfet th�u Seet�qn the Nei�u＀atwte oa{ aoenf qt (8) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be eqnuttwef tq ＀�o�t qt teutt�et the rqwet qh the
eztenf the ＀aw awthqt�z�ni the uaoe w�thqwt tehetenfwo tq the qwa＀�h�ef xqtetu Nei�u＀atwte tq enaet ieneta＀ ＀awu wh�eh uha＀＀ te＀ate tq Dafe Eqwnt{ anf an{ qthet
wn＀euu the Nei�u＀at�xe Aet rtqx�f�ni hqt uweh aoenfoent qt eztenu�qn uha＀＀ rtqx�fe qne qt oqte eqwnt�eu qh the utate qh H＀qt�fa qt tq an{ own�e�ra＀�t{ �n Dafe Eqwnt{
hqt uweh tehetenfwo0 anf an{ qthet qne qt oqte own�e�ra＀�t�eu qh the State qh H＀qt�fa te＀at�ni tq eqwnt{ qt
J�utqt{0⁀Affef, S0J0T0 62;, 3;55; afqrtef 3;580 own�e�ra＀ ahha�tu anf a＀＀ uweh ieneta＀ ＀awu uha＀＀ arr＀{ tq Dafe Eqwnt{ anf tq a＀＀
5
Pqte0´Seet�qn 33 qh Att0 VKKK qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, teafu au own�e�ra＀�t�eu thete�n tq the uaoe eztent au �h th�u ueet�qn haf nqt been afqrtef anf
hq＀＀qwu< uweh ieneta＀ ＀awu uha＀＀ uwretuefe an{ ratt qt rqtt�qn qh the hqoe tw＀e ehattet
SGEVKQP 330 Dafe Eqwnt{, hqoe tw＀e ehattet0´(3) Vhe e＀eetqtu qh Dafe rtqx�fef hqt hete�n �n eqnh＀�et thetew�th anf uha＀＀ uwretuefe an{ rtqx�u�qn qh an{
Eqwnt{, H＀qt�fa, ate itantef rqwet tq afqrt, tex�ue, anf aoenf htqo t�oe tq t�oe a qtf�nanee enaetef rwtuwant tq ua�f ehattet anf �n eqnh＀�et thetew�th, anf uha＀＀
hqoe tw＀e ehattet qh iqxetnoent hqt Dafe Eqwnt{, H＀qt�fa, wnfet wh�eh the Dqatf qh uwretuefe an{ rtqx�u�qn qh an{ ehattet qh an{ own�e�ra＀�t{ �n Dafe Eqwnt{ �n eqnh＀�et
Eqwnt{ Eqoo�uu�qnetu qh Dafe Eqwnt{ uha＀＀ be the iqxetn�ni bqf{0 Vh�u ehattet< thetew�th0
(a) Sha＀＀ h�z the bqwnfat�eu qh eaeh eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qn f�utt�et, rtqx�fe a (9) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be eqnuttwef tq ＀�o�t qt teutt�et the rqwet anf
oethqf hqt ehani�ni theo htqo t�oe tq t�oe, anf h�z the nwobet, tetou anf �wt�uf�et�qn qh the Ta�＀tqaf anf Pwb＀�e Wt�＀�t�eu Eqoo�uu�qn qt qh an{ qthet utate
eqorenuat�qn qh the eqoo�uu�qnetu, anf the�t oethqf qh e＀eet�qn0 aiene{, bwteaw qt eqoo�uu�qn nqw qt heteahtet rtqx�fef hqt �n th�u Eqnut�twt�qn qt
(b) Ma{ itant hw＀＀ rqwet anf awthqt�t{ tq the Dqatf qh Eqwnt{ Eqoo�uu�qnetu qh b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf ua�f utate aiene�eu, bwteawu anf eqoo�uu�qnu uha＀＀ haxe the
Dafe Eqwnt{ tq rauu qtf�naneeu te＀at�ni tq the ahha�tu, rtqrett{ anf iqxetnoent qh uaoe rqwetu �n Dafe Eqwnt{ au uha＀＀ be eqnhettef wrqn theo �n teiatf tq qthet
Dafe Eqwnt{ anf rtqx�fe uw�tab＀e rena＀t�eu hqt the x�q＀at�qn theteqh; tq ＀ex{ anf eqwnt�eu0
eq＀＀eet uweh tazeu au oa{ be awthqt�zef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf nq qthet tazeu, anf tq fq (8) Kh an{ ueet�qn, uwbueet�qn, uentenee, e＀awue qt rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u ueet�qn �u
exet{th�ni neeeuuat{ tq eatt{ qn a eentta＀ oettqrq＀�tan iqxetnoent �n Dafe Eqwnt{0 he＀f �nxa＀�f au x�q＀at�xe qh the rtqx�u�qnu qh Seet�qn 3 Att�e＀e ZVKK qh th�u Eqnut�twt�qn
(e) Ma{ ehanie the bqwnfat�eu qh, oetie, eqnuq＀�fate, anf abq＀�uh anf oa{ the teoa�nfet qh th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ nqt be ahheetef b{ uweh �nxa＀�f�t{0
rtqx�fe a oethqf hqt ehani�ni the bqwnfat�eu qh, oeti�ni, eqnuq＀�fat�ni anf (;) Kt �u fee＀atef tq be the �ntent qh the Nei�u＀atwte anf qh the e＀eetqtu qh the
abq＀�uh�ni htqo t�oe tq t�oe a＀＀ own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qnu, eqwnt{ qt f�utt�et iqxetn/ State qh H＀qt�fa tq rtqx�fe b{ th�u ueet�qn hqoe tw＀e hqt the reqr＀e qh Dafe Eqwnt{ �n
oentu, uree�a＀ taz�ni f�utt�etu, awthqt�t�eu, bqatfu, qt qthet iqxetnoenta＀ wn�tu ＀qea＀ ahha�tu anf th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be ＀�beta＀＀{ eqnuttwef tq eatt{ qwt uweh rwtrque,
whque �wt�uf�et�qn ＀�eu whq＀＀{ w�th�n Dafe Eqwnt{, whethet uweh iqxetnoenta＀ wn�tu anf �t �u hwtthet fee＀atef tq be the �ntent qh the Nei�u＀atwte anf qh the e＀eetqtu qh the
ate eteatef b{ the Eqnut�twt�qn qt the Nei�u＀atwte qt qthetw�ue, ezeert the Dafe State qh H＀qt�fa that the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u Eqnut�twt�qn anf ieneta＀ ＀awu wh�eh uha＀＀
Eqwnt{ Dqatf qh Eqwnt{ Eqoo�uu�qnetu au �t oa{ be rtqx�fef hqt htqo t�oe tq t�oe te＀ate tq Dafe Eqwnt{ anf an{ qthet qne qt oqte eqwnt�eu qh the State qh H＀qt�fa qt
b{ th�u hqoe tw＀e ehattet anf the Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh Dafe Eqwnt{0 tq an{ own�e�ra＀�t{ �n Dafe Eqwnt{ anf an{ qthet qne qt oqte own�e�ra＀�t�eu qh the
(f) Ma{ rtqx�fe a oethqf b{ wh�eh an{ anf a＀＀ qh the hwnet�qnu qt rqwetu qh an{ State qh H＀qt�fa enaetef rwtuwant thetetq b{ the Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ be the uwrteoe
own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn qt qthet iqxetnoenta＀ wn�t �n Dafe Eqwnt{ oa{ be ttanuhettef ＀aw �n Dafe Eqwnt{, H＀qt�fa, ezeert au ezrteuu＀{ rtqx�fef hete�n anf th�u ueet�qn
tq the Dqatf qh Eqwnt{ Eqoo�uu�qnetu qh Dafe Eqwnt{0 uha＀＀ be utt�et＀{ eqnuttwef tq oa�nta�n uweh uwrteoae{ qh th�u Eqnut�twt�qn anf qh the
(e) Ma{ rtqx�fe a oethqf hqt eutab＀�uh�ni new own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qnu, uree�a＀ Nei�u＀atwte �n the enaetoent qh ieneta＀ ＀awu rwtuwant tq th�u Eqnut�twt�qn0
taz�ni f�utt�etu, anf qthet iqxetnoenta＀ wn�tu �n Dafe Eqwnt{ htqo t�oe tq t�oe anf J�utqt{0⁀Affef, J0J0T0 858, 3;63; afqrtef 3;62; Ao0 S0J0T0 3268, 3;55;
rtqx�fe hqt the�t iqxetnoent anf rteuet�be the�t �wt�uf�et�qn anf rqwetu0 afqrtef 3;580
6Pqte0´Seet�qn 26 qh Att0 VKKK qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, teafu au
(h) Ma{ abq＀�uh anf oa{ rtqx�fe a oethqf hqt abq＀�uh�ni htqo t�oe tq t�oe a＀＀
qhh�eeu rtqx�fef hqt b{ Att�e＀e VKKK, Seet�qn 8, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qt b{ the hq＀＀qwu<
Nei�u＀atwte, ezeert the Swret�ntenfent qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn anf oa{ rtqx�fe hqt SGEVKQP 260 J�＀＀ubqtqwih Eqwnt{, hqoe tw＀e ehattet0´
the eqnuq＀�fat�qn anf ttanuhet qh the hwnet�qnu qh uweh qhh�eeu, rtqx�fef, hqwexet, (3) Vhe e＀eetqtu qh J�＀＀ubqtqwih eqwnt{ ate heteb{ itantef the rqwet tq afqrt
that thete uha＀＀ be nq rqwet tq abq＀�uh qt �ora�t the �wt�uf�et�qn qh the E�tew�t Eqwtt qt a ehattet hqt a iqxetnoent wh�eh uha＀＀ ezete�ue an{ anf a＀＀ rqwetu hqt eqwnt{ anf
tq abq＀�uh an{ qthet eqwtt rtqx�fef hqt b{ th�u Eqnut�twt�qn qt b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, qt the own�e�ra＀ rwtrqueu wh�eh th�u eqnut�twt�qn qt the ＀ei�u＀atwte, b{ ieneta＀, uree�a＀ qt
�wfieu qt e＀et�u theteqh a＀thqwih uweh ehattet oa{ eteate new eqwttu anf �wfieu ＀qea＀ ＀aw, hau eqnhettef wrqn J�＀＀ubqtqwih eqwnt{ qt an{ own�e�ra＀�t{ thete�n0 Sweh
anf e＀et�u theteqh w�th �wt�uf�et�qn tq tt{ a＀＀ qhhenueu aia�nut qtf�naneeu rauuef b{ iqxetnoent uha＀＀ ezete�ue theue rqwetu b{ the enaetoent qh qtf�naneeu wh�eh
the Dqatf qh Eqwnt{ Eqoo�uu�qnetu qh Dafe Eqwnt{ anf nqne qh the qthet eqwttu te＀ate tq iqxetnoent qh J�＀＀ubqtqwih eqwnt{ anf rtqx�fe uw�tab＀e rena＀t�eu hqt the
rtqx�fef hqt b{ th�u Eqnut�twt�qn qt b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw uha＀＀ haxe qt�i�na＀ �wt�uf�et�qn tq x�q＀at�qn theteqh0 Sweh iqxetnoent uha＀＀ haxe nq rqwet tq eteate qt abq＀�uh an{
tt{ uweh qhhenueu, a＀thqwih the ehattet oa{ eqnhet arre＀＀ate �wt�uf�et�qn qn uweh own�e�ra＀�t{, ezeert au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef hete�n0
eqwttu, anf rtqx�fef hwtthet that �h ua�f hqoe tw＀e ehattet uha＀＀ abq＀�uh an{ eqwnt{ (2) Vhe oethqf anf oannet b{ wh�eh the e＀eetqtu qh J�＀＀ubqtqwih eqwnt{ uha＀＀
qhh�ee qt qhh�eeu au awthqt�zef hete�n, that ua�f ehattet uha＀＀ eqnta�n afeqwate ezete�ue th�u rqwet uha＀＀ be uet hqtth �n a ehattet hqt the iqxetnoent qh J�＀＀ubqtqwih
rtqx�u�qn hqt the eatt{�ni qn qh a＀＀ hwnet�qnu qh ua�f qhh�ee qt qhh�eeu au ate nqw qt oa{ eqwnt{ wh�eh ehattet uha＀＀ be rteuentef tq ua�f e＀eetqtu b{ an{ ehattet eqoo�uu�qn
heteahtet be rteuet�bef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 eutab＀�uhef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte0 Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ rtqx�fe hqt the eqnt�nw�ni
(i) Sha＀＀ rtqx�fe a oethqf b{ wh�eh eaeh own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qn �n Dafe ez�utenee qh an{ ehattet eqoo�uu�qn qt oa{ eutab＀�uh a ehattet eqoo�uu�qn qt
Eqwnt{ uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq oa�e, aoenf qt terea＀ �tu qwn ehattet0 Wrqn eqoo�uu�qnu uwbueqwent tq an{ �n�t�a＀ eqoo�uu�qn w�thqwt teiatf tq an{ e＀eet�qn qt
afqrt�qn qh th�u hqoe tw＀e ehattet b{ the e＀eetqtu th�u oethqf uha＀＀ be eze＀wu�xe anf e＀eet�qnu he＀f wrqn an{ ehattet qt ehattetu thetetqhqte rteuentef0 A ehattet uha＀＀
the Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ haxe nq rqwet tq aoenf qt terea＀ the ehattet qh an{ own�e�ra＀ beeqoe ehheet�xe qn＀{ wrqn tat�h�eat�qn b{ a oa�qt�t{ qh the e＀eetqtu qh J�＀＀ubqtqwih
eqtrqtat�qn �n Dafe Eqwnt{0 eqwnt{ xqt�ni �n a ieneta＀ qt uree�a＀ e＀eet�qn au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
(h) Ma{ ehanie the naoe qh Dafe Eqwnt{0 (5) Vhe nwobet, qwa＀�h�eat�qnu, tetou qh qhh�ee anf oethqf qh h�＀＀�ni xaeane�eu �n
(�) Sha＀＀ rtqx�fe a oethqf hqt the teea＀＀ qh an{ eqoo�uu�qnet anf a oethqf hqt the oeobetuh�r qh an{ ehattet eqoo�uu�qn eutab＀�uhef rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn anf
�n�t�at�xe anf tehetenfwo, �ne＀wf�ni the �n�t�at�qn qh anf tehetenfwo qn qtf�naneeu the rqwetu, hwnet�qnu anf fwt�eu qh an{ uweh eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
anf the aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn qh the hqoe tw＀e ehattet, rtqx�fef, hqwexet, that the (6) A ehattet rteratef b{ an{ eqoo�uu�qn eutab＀�uhef rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn
rqwet qh the Gqxetnqt anf Senate te＀at�ni tq the uwurenu�qn anf teoqxa＀ qh qhh�eetu uha＀＀ rtqx�fe that<
rtqx�fef hqt �n th�u Eqnut�twt�qn uha＀＀ nqt be �ora�tef, bwt uha＀＀ eztenf tq a＀＀ qhh�eetu (a) Vhe iqxetnoentu qh the e�t{ qh Vaora anf the eqwnt{ qh J�＀＀ubqtqwih uha＀＀
rtqx�fef hqt �n ua�f hqoe tw＀e ehattet0 be eqnuq＀�fatef, anf the uttwetwte qh the new ＀qea＀ iqxetnoent uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe<
(2) Ptqx�u�qn uha＀＀ be oafe hqt the rtqteet�qn qh the etef�tqtu qh an{ 30 An ezeewt�xe btaneh, the eh�eh qhh�eet qh wh�eh uha＀＀ be teurqnu�b＀e hqt the
iqxetnoenta＀ wn�t wh�eh �u oetief, eqnuq＀�fatef, qt abq＀�uhef qt whque bqwnfat�eu afo�n�uttat�qn qh iqxetnoent0
ate ehanief qt hwnet�qnu qt rqwetu ttanuhettef0 20 An e＀eetef ＀ei�u＀at�xe btaneh, the e＀eet�qn tq oeobetuh�r, rqwetu anf
(5) Vh�u hqoe tw＀e ehattet uha＀＀ be rteratef b{ a Mettqrq＀�tan Ehattet Dqatf fwt�eu qh wh�eh uha＀＀ be au rtqx�fef b{ the ehattet0
eteatef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte anf uha＀＀ be rteuentef tq the e＀eetqtu qh Dafe Eqwnt{ hqt 50 A �wf�e�a＀ btaneh, wh�eh uha＀＀ qn＀{ haxe �wt�uf�et�qn �n the enhqteeoent qh
tat�h�eat�qn qt te�eet�qn �n the oannet rtqx�fef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte0 Wnt�＀ a hqoe tw＀e qtf�naneeu enaetef b{ the ＀ei�u＀at�xe btaneh eteatef b{ th�u ueet�qn0
ehattet �u afqrtef the Nei�u＀atwte oa{ htqo t�oe tq t�oe eteate aff�t�qna＀ Ehattet (b) Shqw＀f the e＀eetqtu qh the own�e�ra＀�t�eu qh P＀ant E�t{ qt Veor＀e Vettaee
Dqatfu tq rterate ehattetu tq be rteuentef tq the e＀eetqtu qh Dafe Eqwnt{ hqt w�uh tq eqnuq＀�fate the�t iqxetnoentu w�th the iqxetnoent hete�nabqxe eteatef,
tat�h�eat�qn qt te�eet�qn �n the oannet rtqx�fef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte0 Sweh Ehattet, the{ oa{ fq uq b{ oa�qt�t{ xqte qh the e＀eetqtu qh ua�f own�e�ra＀�t{ xqt�ni �n an
qnee afqrtef b{ the e＀eetqtu, oa{ be aoenfef qn＀{ b{ the e＀eetqtu qh Dafe Eqwnt{ e＀eet�qn wrqn ua�f �uuwe0
anf th�u ehattet uha＀＀ rtqx�fe a oethqf hqt uwbo�tt�ni hwtwte ehattet tex�u�qnu anf (e) Vhe etef�tqtu qh an{ iqxetnoenta＀ wn�t eqnuq＀�fatef qt abq＀�uhef wnfet th�u
aoenfoentu tq the e＀eetqtu qh Dafe Eqwnt{0 ueet�qn uha＀＀ be rtqteetef0 Dqnfef qt qthet �nfebtefneuu ez�ut�ni at the ehheet�xe
(6) Vhe Eqwnt{ Eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe tq teee�xe �tu rtq tata uhate qh a＀＀ fate qh an{ iqxetnoent eutab＀�uhef hetewnfet uha＀＀ be enhqteeab＀e qn＀{ aia�nut the
texenweu ra{ab＀e b{ the utate htqo whatexet uqwtee tq the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu anf the tea＀ anf retuqna＀ rtqrett{ thetetqhqte tazab＀e hqt uweh rwtrqueu0
utate qh H＀qt�fa uha＀＀ ra{ tq the Eqoo�uu�qn a＀＀ texenweu wh�eh wqw＀f haxe been (f) Sweh qthet rtqx�u�qnu au o�iht be teqw�tef b{ ＀aw0
ra�f tq an{ own�e�ra＀�t{ �n Dafe Eqwnt{ wh�eh oa{ be abq＀�uhef b{ qt �n the oethqf (5) Vhe rtqx�u�qnu qh uweh ehattet anf qtf�naneeu enaetef rwtuwant thetetq
rtqx�fef b{ th�u hqoe tw＀e ehattet; rtqx�fef, hqwexet, the Eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ uha＀＀ nqt eqnh＀�et w�th an{ rtqx�u�qn qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn nqt w�th ieneta＀, uree�a＀ qt
te�obwtue the eqorttq＀＀et qh H＀qt�fa hqt the ezrenue �newttef �h an{, �n the �eer�ni qh ＀qea＀ ＀awu nqw qt heteahtet arr＀{�ni tq J�＀＀ubqtqwih eqwnt{0
ueratate teeqtfu tq feteto�ne the aoqwntu qh oqne{ wh�eh wqw＀f haxe been (8) Vhe iqxetnoent eutab＀�uhef hetewnfet uha＀＀ be teeqin�zef au a eqwnt{,
ra{ab＀e tq an{ uweh own�e�ra＀�t{0 that �u qne qh the ＀eia＀ rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qnu qh the utate w�th the rqwetu, t�ihtu,
(5) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ ＀�o�t qt teutt�et the rqwet qh the Nei�u＀atwte tq rt�x�＀eieu, fwt�eu anf qb＀�iat�qnu qh a eqwnt{, anf oa{ a＀uq ezete�ue a＀＀ the rqwetu
enaet ieneta＀ ＀awu wh�eh uha＀＀ te＀ate tq Dafe Eqwnt{ anf an{ qthet qne qt oqte qh a own�e�ra＀�t{0 Sa�f iqxetnoent uha＀＀ haxe the t�iht tq uwe anf be uwef0
eqwnt�eu �n the utate qh H＀qt�fa qt tq an{ own�e�ra＀�t{ �n Dafe Eqwnt{ anf an{ qthet (9) An{ iqxetnoent eutab＀�uhef hetewnfet uha＀＀ be ent�t＀ef tq teee�xe htqo the
qne qt oqte own�e�ra＀�t�eu qh the State qh H＀qt�fa, anf the hqoe tw＀e ehattet utate qh H＀qt�fa qt htqo the Wn�tef Stateu qt htqo an{ qthet aiene{, rwb＀�e qt rt�xate,
rtqx�fef hqt hete�n uha＀＀ nqt eqnh＀�et w�th an{ rtqx�u�qn qh th�u Eqnut�twt�qn nqt qh an{ hwnfu anf texenweu tq wh�eh a eqwnt{ �u, qt oa{ heteahtet be ent�t＀ef, anf a＀uq a＀＀

56
ATVKENG VKKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG KZ

hwnfu anf texenweu tq wh�eh an �neqtrqtatef own�e�ra＀�t{ �u qt oa{ heteahtet be oaz�owo nwobet qh utwfentu ret e＀auutqqo fqeu nqt
ent�t＀ef, anf tq teee�xe the uaoe w�thqwt f�o�nwt�qn qt ＀quu b{ teauqn qh an{ uweh
iqxetnoent au oa{ be eutab＀�uhef0 Pqth�ni hete�n eqnta�nef uha＀＀ rtee＀wfe uweh ezeeef the teqw�teoentu qh th�u uwbueet�qn0
iqxetnoent au oa{ be eutab＀�uhef hetewnfet htqo teee�x�ni a＀＀ hwnfu anf texenweu (b) Gxet{ hqwt/{eat q＀f eh�＀f �n H＀qt�fa uha＀＀ be
htqo whatexet uqwtee nqw teee�xef, qt hete�nahtet teee�xef rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
(8) Vhe bqatf qh eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu qh J�＀＀ubqtqwih eqwnt{ uha＀＀ be rtqx�fef b{ the State a h�ih qwa＀�t{ rte/��nfetiatten
abq＀�uhef when the hwnet�qnu, fwt�eu, rqwetu anf teurqnu�b�＀�t�eu qh ua�f bqatf ＀eatn�ni qrrqttwn�t{ �n the hqto qh an eat＀{ eh�＀fhqqf
uha＀＀ be ttanuhettef �n the oannet tq be rtqx�fef b{ the ehattet tq the iqxetnoent
eutab＀�uhef rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn0 Pq qthet qhh�ee rtqx�fef hqt b{ th�u eqnut�twt�qn fexe＀qroent anf efweat�qn rtqitao wh�eh uha＀＀ be
uha＀＀ be abq＀�uhef b{ qt rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn0 xq＀wntat{, h�ih qwa＀�t{, htee, anf fe＀�xetef aeeqtf�ni tq
(;) Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ nqt teutt�et qt ＀�o�t the ＀ei�u＀atwte �n the enaetoent qh
ieneta＀, uree�a＀ qt ＀qea＀ ＀awu au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef �n th�u eqnut�twt�qn0 rtqheuu�qna＀＀{ aeeertef utanfatfu0 An eat＀{ eh�＀fhqqf
J�utqt{0⁀Affef, E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 3;89, 3;85; afqrtef 3;880 fexe＀qroent anf efweat�qn rtqitao oeanu an qtia/
n�zef rtqitao feu�inef tq affteuu anf enhanee eaeh
ATVKENG KZ eh�＀f'u ab�＀�t{ tq oa�e aie arrtqrt�ate rtqiteuu �n an
arrtqrt�ate tanie qh uett�niu �n the fexe＀qroent qh
GDWEAVKQP ＀aniwaie anf eqin�t�xe earab�＀�t�eu anf eoqt�qna＀,
uqe�a＀, teiw＀atqt{ anf oqta＀ earae�t�eu thtqwih efwea/
See0 t�qn �n bau�e u��＀＀u anf uweh qthet u��＀＀u au the
Nei�u＀atwte oa{ feteto�ne tq be arrtqrt�ate0
30 Pwb＀�e efweat�qn0
20 State bqatf qh efweat�qn0 (e) Vhe eat＀{ eh�＀fhqqf efweat�qn anf fexe＀qroent
50 Vetou qh arrq�nt�xe bqatf oeobetu0 rtqitaou rtqx�fef b{ teauqn qh uwbrataitarh (b) uha＀＀
60 Sehqq＀ f�utt�etu; uehqq＀ bqatfu0 be �or＀eoentef nq ＀atet than the bei�nn�ni qh the 2225
50 Swret�ntenfent qh uehqq＀u0 uehqq＀ {eat thtqwih hwnfu ienetatef �n aff�t�qn tq thque
80 State uehqq＀ hwnf0 wuef hqt ez�ut�ni efweat�qn, hea＀th, anf fexe＀qroent
90 State Wn�xetu�t{ S{uteo0 rtqitaou0 Gz�ut�ni efweat�qn, hea＀th, anf fexe＀qroent
rtqitaou ate thque hwnfef b{ the State au qh Janwat{ 3,
SGEVKQP 30 Pwb＀�e efweat�qn0´ 2222 that rtqx�fef hqt eh�＀f qt afw＀t efweat�qn, hea＀th
(a) Vhe efweat�qn qh eh�＀ften �u a hwnfaoenta＀ xa＀we eate, qt fexe＀qroent0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8,
qh the reqr＀e qh the State qh H＀qt�fa0 Kt �u, thetehqte, a 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Aou0 b{ Kn�t�at�xe
rataoqwnt fwt{ qh the utate tq oa�e afeqwate rtqx�u�qn Pet�t�qnu h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Jw＀{ 52, 2222, anf Awiwut 3, 2222; afqrtef
22220
hqt the efweat�qn qh a＀＀ eh�＀ften teu�f�ni w�th�n �tu
bqtfetu0 Afeqwate rtqx�u�qn uha＀＀ be oafe b{ ＀aw hqt
a wn�hqto, ehh�e�ent, uahe, ueewte, anf h�ih qwa＀�t{ SGEVKQP 20 State bqatf qh efweat�qn0´Vhe
u{uteo qh htee rwb＀�e uehqq＀u that a＀＀qwu utwfentu tq utate bqatf qh efweat�qn uha＀＀ be a bqf{ eqtrqtate
qbta�n a h�ih qwa＀�t{ efweat�qn anf hqt the eutab＀�uh/ anf haxe uweh uwretx�u�qn qh the u{uteo qh htee rwb＀�e
oent, oa�ntenanee, anf qretat�qn qh �nut�twt�qnu qh efweat�qn au �u rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 Vhe utate bqatf qh
h�ihet ＀eatn�ni anf qthet rwb＀�e efweat�qn rtqitaou efweat�qn uha＀＀ eqnu�ut qh uexen oeobetu arrq�ntef b{
that the neefu qh the reqr＀e oa{ teqw�te0 Vq auuwte that the iqxetnqt tq utaiietef 6/{eat tetou, uwb�eet tq
eh�＀ften attenf�ni rwb＀�e uehqq＀u qbta�n a h�ih qwa＀�t{ eqnh�toat�qn b{ the uenate0 Vhe utate bqatf qh efwea/
efweat�qn, the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ oa�e afeqwate rtqx�/ t�qn uha＀＀ arrq�nt the eqoo�uu�qnet qh efweat�qn0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8,
u�qn tq enuwte that, b{ the bei�nn�ni qh the 2232 uehqq＀ 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
{eat, thete ate a uwhh�e�ent nwobet qh e＀auutqqou uq
that< SGEVKQP 50 Vetou qh arrq�nt�xe bqatf oeo/
(3) Vhe oaz�owo nwobet qh utwfentu whq ate betu0´Meobetu qh an{ arrq�nt�xe bqatf fea＀�ni w�th
auu�inef tq eaeh teaehet whq �u teaeh�ni �n rwb＀�e efweat�qn oa{ uetxe tetou �n ezeeuu qh hqwt {eatu au
uehqq＀ e＀auutqqou hqt rte��nfetiatten thtqwih itafe 5 rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
fqeu nqt ezeeef 38 utwfentu;
(2) Vhe oaz�owo nwobet qh utwfentu whq ate SGEVKQP 60 Sehqq＀ f�utt�etu; uehqq＀ bqatfu0´
auu�inef tq eaeh teaehet whq �u teaeh�ni �n rwb＀�e (a) Gaeh eqwnt{ uha＀＀ eqnut�twte a uehqq＀ f�utt�et;
uehqq＀ e＀auutqqou hqt itafeu 6 thtqwih 8 fqeu nqt rtqx�fef, twq qt oqte eqnt�iwqwu eqwnt�eu, wrqn xqte qh
ezeeef 22 utwfentu; anf the e＀eetqtu qh eaeh eqwnt{ rwtuwant tq ＀aw, oa{ be
(5) Vhe oaz�owo nwobet qh utwfentu whq ate eqob�nef �ntq qne uehqq＀ f�utt�et0 Kn eaeh uehqq＀ f�utt�et
auu�inef tq eaeh teaehet whq �u teaeh�ni �n rwb＀�e thete uha＀＀ be a uehqq＀ bqatf eqorquef qh h�xe qt oqte
uehqq＀ e＀auutqqou hqt itafeu ; thtqwih 32 fqeu nqt oeobetu ehquen b{ xqte qh the e＀eetqtu �n a nqnratt�/
ezeeef 25 utwfentu0 uan e＀eet�qn hqt arrtqrt�ate＀{ utaiietef tetou qh hqwt
{eatu, au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
Vhe e＀auu u�ze teqw�teoentu qh th�u uwbueet�qn fq nqt
(b) Vhe uehqq＀ bqatf uha＀＀ qretate, eqnttq＀ anf
arr＀{ tq ezttaewtt�ew＀at e＀auueu0 Pa{oent qh the equtu
uwretx�ue a＀＀ htee rwb＀�e uehqq＀u w�th�n the uehqq＀
auuqe�atef w�th tefwe�ni e＀auu u�ze tq oeet theue
teqw�teoentu �u the teurqnu�b�＀�t{ qh the utate anf nqt f�utt�et anf feteto�ne the tate qh uehqq＀ f�utt�et tazeu
qh ＀qea＀ uehqq＀u f�utt�etu0 Dei�nn�ni w�th the 2225/2226 w�th�n the ＀�o�tu rteuet�bef hete�n0 Vwq qt oqte uehqq＀
h�uea＀ {eat, the ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ rtqx�fe uwhh�e�ent hwnfu f�utt�etu oa{ qretate anf h�nanee �q�nt efweat�qna＀
tq tefwee the axetaie nwobet qh utwfentu �n eaeh rtqitaou0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
e＀auutqqo b{ at ＀eaut twq utwfentu ret {eat wnt�＀ the 33, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80

55
ATVKENG KZ EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

SGEVKQP 50 Swret�ntenfent qh uehqq＀u0´Kn haew＀t{ uenateu, qt the eqw�xa＀ent, anf the rteu�fent qh
eaeh uehqq＀ f�utt�et thete uha＀＀ be a uwret�ntenfent qh the H＀qt�fa utwfent auuqe�at�qn, qt the eqw�xa＀ent, uha＀＀
uehqq＀u whq uha＀＀ be e＀eetef at the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn �n a＀uq be oeobetu qh the bqatf0
eaeh {eat the nwobet qh wh�eh �u a ow＀t�r＀e qh hqwt hqt a J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Awiwut
teto qh hqwt {eatu; qt, when rtqx�fef b{ teuq＀wt�qn qh the 8, 2222; afqrtef 22220

f�utt�et uehqq＀ bqatf, qt b{ uree�a＀ ＀aw, arrtqxef b{

xqte qh the e＀eetqtu, the f�utt�et uehqq＀ uwret�ntenfent �n ATVKENG Z
an{ uehqq＀ f�utt�et uha＀＀ be eor＀q{ef b{ the f�utt�et
uehqq＀ bqatf au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe teuq＀wt�qn MKSEGNNAPGQWS
qt uree�a＀ ＀aw oa{ be teue�nfef qt terea＀ef b{ e�thet
rtqeefwte ahtet hqwt {eatu0 See0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 30 Aoenfoentu tq Wn�tef Stateu Eqnut�twt�qn0
20 M�＀�t�a0
SGEVKQP 80 State uehqq＀ hwnf0´Vhe �neqoe 50 Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee0
fet�xef htqo the utate uehqq＀ hwnf uha＀＀, anf the 60 Jqoeuteaf; ezeort�qnu0
rt�ne�ra＀ qh the hwnf oa{, be arrtqrt�atef, bwt qn＀{ tq 50 Eqxettwte anf rtqrett{0
the uwrrqtt anf oa�ntenanee qh htee rwb＀�e uehqq＀u0 80 Go�nent fqoa�n0
90 Nqttet�eu0
SGEVKQP 90 State Wn�xetu�t{ S{uteo0´ 80 Eenuwu0
(a) PWTPQSGS0 Kn qtfet tq aeh�exe ezee＀＀enee ;0 Terea＀ qh et�o�na＀ utatwteu0
thtqwih teaeh�ni utwfentu, afxane�ni teueateh anf 320 He＀qn{; feh�n�t�qn0
rtqx�f�ni rwb＀�e uetx�ee hqt the beneh�t qh H＀qt�fa'u 330 Sqxete�int{ ＀anfu0
e�t�zenu, the�t eqoown�t�eu anf eeqnqo�eu, the reqr＀e 320 Tw＀eu qh eqnuttwet�qn0
heteb{ eutab＀�uh a u{uteo qh iqxetnanee hqt the utate 350 Sw�tu aia�nut the utate0
wn�xetu�t{ u{uteo qh H＀qt�fa0 360 State tet�teoent u{uteou beneh�t ehanieu0
(b) SVAVG WPKVGTSKVY SYSVGM0 Vhete uha＀＀ be 350 State qretatef ＀qttet�eu0
a u�ni＀e utate wn�xetu�t{ u{uteo eqort�uef qh a＀＀ rwb＀�e 380 N�o�t�ni oat�ne net h�uh�ni0
wn�xetu�t�eu0 A bqatf qh ttwuteeu uha＀＀ afo�n�utet eaeh 390 Gxeti＀afeu Vtwut Hwnf0
rwb＀�e wn�xetu�t{ anf a bqatf qh iqxetnqtu uha＀＀ iqxetn 380 D�urqu�t�qn qh eqnuetxat�qn ＀anfu0
the utate wn�xetu�t{ u{uteo0 3;0 J�ih ureef itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo0
(e) NQEAN DQATDS QH VTWSVGGS0 Gaeh ＀qea＀ 220 Yqt�r＀aeeu w�thqwt tqbaeeq uoq�e0
eqnut�twent wn�xetu�t{ uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef b{ a bqatf 230 N�o�t�ni etwe＀ anf �nhwoane eqnh�neoent qh r�iu
qh ttwuteeu eqnu�ut�ni qh th�tteen oeobetu fef�eatef tq fwt�ni rteinane{0
the rwtrqueu qh the utate wn�xetu�t{ u{uteo0 Vhe bqatf 220 Patenta＀ nqt�ee qh teto�nat�qn qh a o�nqt'u rtei/
qh iqxetnqtu uha＀＀ eutab＀�uh the rqwetu anf fwt�eu qh the nane{0
bqatfu qh ttwuteeu0 Gaeh bqatf qh ttwuteeu uha＀＀ eqnu�ut 250 S＀qt oaeh�neu0
qh u�z e�t�zen oeobetu arrq�ntef b{ the iqxetnqt anf 260 H＀qt�fa o�n�owo waie0
h�xe e�t�zen oeobetu arrq�ntef b{ the bqatf qh iqxet/ 250 Pat�entu' t�iht tq �nqw abqwt afxetue oef�ea＀
nqtu0 Vhe arrq�ntef oeobetu uha＀＀ be eqnh�toef b{ the �ne�fentu0
uenate anf uetxe utaiietef tetou qh h�xe {eatu au 280 Ptqh�b�t�qn qh oef�ea＀ ＀�eenue ahtet tereatef
rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 Vhe eha�t qh the haew＀t{ uenate, qt the oef�ea＀ oa＀rtaet�ee0
eqw�xa＀ent, anf the rteu�fent qh the utwfent bqf{ qh the 290 Eqortehenu�xe Statew�fe Vqbaeeq Gfweat�qn
wn�xetu�t{ uha＀＀ a＀uq be oeobetu0 Anf Ptexent�qn Ptqitao0
(f) SVAVGYKDG DQATD QH GQVGTPQTS0 Vhe 280 Nanf Aeqw�u�t�qn Vtwut Hwnf0
bqatf qh iqxetnqtu uha＀＀ be a bqf{ eqtrqtate eqnu�ut�ni 2;0 Mef�ea＀ oat��wana rtqfwet�qn, rquueuu�qn anf
qh uexenteen oeobetu0 Vhe bqatf uha＀＀ qretate, wue0
teiw＀ate, eqnttq＀, anf be hw＀＀{ teurqnu�b＀e hqt the
oanaieoent qh the whq＀e wn�xetu�t{ u{uteo0 Vheue SGEVKQP 30 Aoenfoentu tq Wn�tef Stateu Eqn/
teurqnu�b�＀�t�eu uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe, bwt nqt be ＀�o�tef tq, ut�twt�qn0´Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ nqt ta�e aet�qn qn an{
feh�n�ni the f�ut�net�xe o�uu�qn qh eaeh eqnut�twent
rtqrquef aoenfoent tq the eqnut�twt�qn qh the Wn�tef
wn�xetu�t{ anf �tu att�ew＀at�qn w�th htee rwb＀�e uehqq＀u
anf eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eieu, enuwt�ni the we＀＀/r＀annef Stateu wn＀euu a oa�qt�t{ qh the oeobetu theteqh haxe
eqqtf�nat�qn anf qretat�qn qh the u{uteo, anf axq�f�ni been e＀eetef ahtet the rtqrquef aoenfoent hau been
wautehw＀ fwr＀�eat�qn qh hae�＀�t�eu qt rtqitaou0 Vhe uwbo�ttef hqt tat�h�eat�qn0
bqatf'u oanaieoent uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq the rqwetu
qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte tq arrtqrt�ate hqt the ezrenf�twte qh SGEVKQP 20 M�＀�t�a0´
hwnfu, anf the bqatf uha＀＀ aeeqwnt hqt uweh ezrenf�/ (a) Vhe o�＀�t�a uha＀＀ be eqorquef qh a＀＀ ab＀ebqf�ef
twteu au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ arrq�nt tq
�nhab�tantu qh the utate whq ate qt haxe fee＀atef the�t
the bqatf hqwtteen e�t�zenu fef�eatef tq the rwtrqueu qh
the utate wn�xetu�t{ u{uteo0 Vhe arrq�ntef oeobetu �ntent�qn tq beeqoe e�t�zenu qh the Wn�tef Stateu; anf nq
uha＀＀ be eqnh�toef b{ the uenate anf uetxe utaiietef retuqn beeawue qh te＀�i�qwu eteef qt qr�n�qn uha＀＀ be
tetou qh uexen {eatu au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 Vhe eqoo�u/ ezeortef htqo o�＀�tat{ fwt{ ezeert wrqn eqnf�t�qnu
u�qnet qh efweat�qn, the eha�t qh the afx�uqt{ eqwne�＀ qh rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
58
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

(b) Vhe qtian�z�ni, eqw�rr�ni, hqwu�ni, oa�nta�n�ni, enewobet�ni qh the�t rtqrett{, bqth tea＀ anf retuqna＀;
anf f�ue�r＀�n�ni qh the o�＀�t�a, anf the uahe�eer�ni qh ezeert that fqwet qt ewtteu{ oa{ be eutab＀�uhef anf
rwb＀�e atou oa{ be rtqx�fef hqt b{ ＀aw0 teiw＀atef b{ ＀aw0
(e) Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ arrq�nt a＀＀ eqoo�uu�qnef
qhh�eetu qh the o�＀�t�a, �ne＀wf�ni an af�wtant ieneta＀ whq SGEVKQP 80 Go�nent fqoa�n0´
uha＀＀ be eh�eh qh utahh0 Vhe arrq�ntoent qh a＀＀ ieneta＀ (a) Pq rt�xate rtqrett{ uha＀＀ be ta�en ezeert hqt a
qhh�eetu uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq eqnh�toat�qn b{ the uenate0 rwb＀�e rwtrque anf w�th hw＀＀ eqorenuat�qn thetehqt ra�f
(f) Vhe qwa＀�h�eat�qnu qh retuqnne＀ anf qhh�eetu qh the tq eaeh qwnet qt ueewtef b{ ferqu�t �n the tei�utt{ qh the
hefeta＀＀{ teeqin�zef nat�qna＀ iwatf, �ne＀wf�ni the af/ eqwtt anf axa�＀ab＀e tq the qwnet0
�wtant ieneta＀, anf the itqwnfu anf rtqeeef�niu hqt (b) Ptqx�u�qn oa{ be oafe b{ ＀aw hqt the ta��ni qh
the�t f�ue�r＀�ne anf teoqxa＀ uha＀＀ eqnhqto tq the eaueoentu, b{ ＀��e rtqeeef�niu, hqt the fta�naie qh the
arrtqrt�ate Wn�tef Stateu ato{ qt a�t hqtee teiw＀at�qnu ＀anf qh qne retuqn qxet qt thtqwih the ＀anf qh anqthet0
anf wuaieu0 (e) Pt�xate rtqrett{ ta�en b{ eo�nent fqoa�n rwt/
uwant tq a ret�t�qn tq �n�t�ate eqnfeonat�qn rtqeeef�niu
SGEVKQP 50 Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee0´Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee h�＀ef qn qt ahtet Janwat{ 2, 2229, oa{ nqt be eqnxe{ef
uha＀＀ qeewt wrqn the eteat�qn qh an qhh�ee, wrqn the tq a natwta＀ retuqn qt rt�xate ent�t{ ezeert au rtqx�fef
feath, teoqxa＀ htqo qhh�ee, qt teu�inat�qn qh the �newo/ b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw rauuef b{ a thtee/h�hthu xqte qh the
bent qt the �newobent'u uweeeuu�qn tq anqthet qhh�ee, oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue qh the Nei�u＀atwte0
wnezr＀a�nef abuenee hqt u�zt{ eqnueewt�xe fa{u, qt J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 358;, 2228; afqrtef 22280

ha�＀wte tq oa�nta�n the teu�fenee teqw�tef when e＀eetef

qt arrq�ntef, anf wrqn ha�＀wte qh qne e＀eetef qt SGEVKQP 90 Nqttet�eu0´Nqttet�eu, qthet than the
arrq�ntef tq qhh�ee tq qwa＀�h{ w�th�n th�tt{ fa{u htqo t{reu qh rat�/owtwe＀ rqq＀u awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw au qh the
the eqooeneeoent qh the teto0 ehheet�xe fate qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn, ate heteb{ rtqh�b�tef
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 �n th�u utate0
35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80

SGEVKQP 80 Eenuwu0´
SGEVKQP 60 Jqoeuteaf; ezeort�qnu0´ (a) Gaeh feeenn�a＀ eenuwu qh the utate ta�en b{ the
(a) Vhete uha＀＀ be ezeort htqo hqteef ua＀e wnfet Wn�tef Stateu uha＀＀ be an qhh�e�a＀ eenuwu qh the utate0
rtqeeuu qh an{ eqwtt, anf nq �wfioent, feetee qt (b) Gaeh feeenn�a＀ eenuwu, hqt the rwtrque qh
ezeewt�qn uha＀＀ be a ＀�en theteqn, ezeert hqt the e＀auu�h�eat�qnu bauef wrqn rqrw＀at�qn, uha＀＀ beeqoe
ra{oent qh tazeu anf auueuuoentu theteqn, qb＀�iat�qnu ehheet�xe qn the th�tt�eth fa{ ahtet the h�na＀ af�qwtnoent
eqnttaetef hqt the rwtehaue, �ortqxeoent qt tera�t qh the teiw＀at ueuu�qn qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte eqnxenef nezt
theteqh, qt qb＀�iat�qnu eqnttaetef hqt hqwue, h�e＀f qt ahtet eett�h�eat�qn qh the eenuwu0
qthet ＀abqt rethqtoef qn the tea＀t{, the hq＀＀qw�ni
rtqrett{ qwnef b{ a natwta＀ retuqn< SGEVKQP ;0 Terea＀ qh et�o�na＀ utatwteu0´Te/
(3) a hqoeuteaf, �h ＀qeatef qwtu�fe a own�e�ra＀�t{, tq rea＀ qt aoenfoent qh a et�o�na＀ utatwte uha＀＀ nqt ahheet
the eztent qh qne hwnftef u�zt{ aeteu qh eqnt�iwqwu ＀anf rtqueewt�qn qt rwn�uhoent hqt an{ et�oe rtex�qwu＀{
anf �ortqxeoentu theteqn, wh�eh uha＀＀ nqt be tefweef eqoo�ttef0
w�thqwt the qwnet'u eqnuent b{ teauqn qh uwbueqwent
�ne＀wu�qn �n a own�e�ra＀�t{; qt �h ＀qeatef w�th�n a SGEVKQP 320 He＀qn{; feh�n�t�qn0´Vhe teto ¬he＀/
own�e�ra＀�t{, tq the eztent qh qne/ha＀h aete qh eqnt�iwqwu qn{¹ au wuef hete�n anf �n the ＀awu qh th�u utate uha＀＀
＀anf, wrqn wh�eh the ezeort�qn uha＀＀ be ＀�o�tef tq the oean an{ et�o�na＀ qhhenue that �u rwn�uhab＀e wnfet the
teu�fenee qh the qwnet qt the qwnet'u hao�＀{; ＀awu qh th�u utate, qt that wqw＀f be rwn�uhab＀e �h
(2) retuqna＀ rtqrett{ tq the xa＀we qh qne thqwuanf eqoo�ttef �n th�u utate, b{ feath qt b{ �ort�uqnoent
fq＀＀atu0 �n the utate ren�tent�at{0
(b) Vheue ezeort�qnu uha＀＀ �nwte tq the uwtx�x�ni
urqwue qt he�tu qh the qwnet0 SGEVKQP 330 Sqxete�int{ ＀anfu0´Vhe t�t＀e tq
(e) Vhe hqoeuteaf uha＀＀ nqt be uwb�eet tq fex�ue �h ＀anfu wnfet nax�iab＀e watetu, w�th�n the bqwnfat�eu
the qwnet �u uwtx�xef b{ urqwue qt o�nqt eh�＀f, ezeert qh the utate, wh�eh haxe nqt been a＀�enatef, �ne＀wf�ni
the hqoeuteaf oa{ be fex�uef tq the qwnet'u urqwue �h beaeheu be＀qw oean h�ih watet ＀�neu, �u he＀f b{ the
thete be nq o�nqt eh�＀f0 Vhe qwnet qh hqoeuteaf tea＀ utate, b{ x�ttwe qh �tu uqxete�int{, �n ttwut hqt a＀＀ the
eutate, �q�nef b{ the urqwue �h oatt�ef, oa{ a＀�enate the reqr＀e0 Sa＀e qh uweh ＀anfu oa{ be awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw,
hqoeuteaf b{ oqttiaie, ua＀e qt i�ht anf, �h oatt�ef, bwt qn＀{ when �n the rwb＀�e �nteteut0 Pt�xate wue qh
oa{ b{ feef ttanuhet the t�t＀e tq an eutate b{ the ent�tet{ rqtt�qnu qh uweh ＀anfu oa{ be awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, bwt
w�th the urqwue0 Kh the qwnet qt urqwue �u �neqoretent, qn＀{ when nqt eqnttat{ tq the rwb＀�e �nteteut0
the oethqf qh a＀�enat�qn qt enewobtanee uha＀＀ be au J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 9;2, 3;92; afqrtef 3;920
rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 6526, 3;92; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 J0J0T0 62, 3;85; afqrtef SGEVKQP 320 Tw＀eu qh eqnuttwet�qn0´Wn＀euu
3;86; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 35, 3;;8,
h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 qwa＀�h�ef �n the tezt the hq＀＀qw�ni tw＀eu qh eqnuttwet�qn
uha＀＀ arr＀{ tq th�u eqnut�twt�qn0
SGEVKQP 50 Eqxettwte anf rtqrett{0´Vhete (a) ¬Jete�n¹ tehetu tq the ent�te eqnut�twt�qn0

uha＀＀ be nq f�ut�net�qn between oatt�ef wqoen anf (b) Vhe u�niw＀at �ne＀wfeu the r＀wta＀0

oatt�ef oen �n the hq＀f�ni, eqnttq＀, f�urqu�t�qn, qt (e) Vhe oauew＀�ne �ne＀wfeu the heo�n�ne0

59
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

(f) ¬Vqte qh the e＀eetqtu¹ oeanu the xqte qh the (2) Kn aff�t�qn tq the rtqh�b�t�qn uet hqtth �n (3), nq
oa�qt�t{ qh thque xqt�ni qn the oattet �n an e＀eet�qn, qthet t{re qh net eqnta�n�ni oqte than 522 uqwate heet
ieneta＀ qt uree�a＀, �n wh�eh thque ratt�e�rat�ni ate qh oeuh atea uha＀＀ be wuef �n neatuhqte anf �nuhqte
＀�o�tef tq the e＀eetqtu qh the iqxetnoenta＀ wn�t tehettef H＀qt�fa watetu0 Aff�t�qna＀＀{, nq oqte than twq uweh
tq �n the tezt0 netu, wh�eh uha＀＀ nqt be eqnneetef, uha＀＀ be wuef htqo
(e) Vqte qt qthet aet�qn qh a ＀ei�u＀at�xe hqwue qt an{ xeuue＀, anf nq retuqn nqt qn a xeuue＀ uha＀＀ wue
qthet iqxetnoenta＀ bqf{ oeanu the xqte qt aet�qn qh a oqte than qne uweh net �n neatuhqte anf �nuhqte
oa�qt�t{ qt qthet uree�h�ef reteentaie qh thque oeo/ H＀qt�fa watetu0
betu xqt�ni qn the oattet0 ¬Qh the oeobetuh�r¹ oeanu (e) Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn<
¬qh a＀＀ oeobetu theteqh0¹ (3) ¬i�＀＀ net¹ oeanu qne qt oqte wa＀＀u qh nett�ni
(h) Vhe tetou ¬�wf�e�a＀ qhh�ee,¹ ¬�wut�eeu¹ anf ¬�wfieu¹ wh�eh eartwteu ua＀twatet h�nh�uh b{ enunat�ni qt entan/
uha＀＀ nqt �ne＀wfe �wfieu qh eqwttu eutab＀�uhef uq＀e＀{ hqt i＀�ni theo �n the oeuheu qh the net b{ the i�＀＀u, anf
the tt�a＀ qh x�q＀at�qnu qh qtf�naneeu0 ¬entani＀�ni net¹ oeanu a ft�ht net, ttaooe＀＀ net, utab
(i) ¬Sree�a＀ ＀aw¹ oeanu a uree�a＀ qt ＀qea＀ ＀aw0 net, qt an{ qthet net wh�eh eartwteu ua＀twatet h�nh�uh,
(h) V�t＀eu anf uwbt�t＀eu uha＀＀ nqt be wuef �n eqn/ uhe＀＀h�uh, qt qthet oat�ne an�oa＀u b{ eawu�ni a＀＀ qt ratt
uttwet�qn0 qh heafu, h�nu, ＀eiu, qt qthet bqf{ rattu tq beeqoe
entani＀ef qt enunatef �n the oeuheu qh the net, bwt a
SGEVKQP 350 Sw�tu aia�nut the utate0´Ptqx�u�qn hanf thtqwn eaut net �u nqt a i�＀＀ net qt an entani＀�ni
oa{ be oafe b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw hqt bt�ni�ni uw�t aia�nut the net;
utate au tq a＀＀ ＀�ab�＀�t�eu nqw ez�ut�ni qt heteahtet (2) ¬oeuh atea¹ qh a net oeanu the tqta＀ atea qh
qt�i�nat�ni0 nett�ni w�th the oeuheu qren tq eqort�ue the oaz�owo
uqwate hqqtaie0 Vhe uqwate hqqtaie uha＀＀ be ea＀ew＀atef
SGEVKQP 360 State tet�teoent u{uteou beneh�t wu�ni utanfatf oatheoat�ea＀ hqtow＀au hqt ieqoett�e
ehanieu0´A iqxetnoenta＀ wn�t teurqnu�b＀e hqt an{ uhareu0 Se�neu anf qthet teetaniw＀at netu uha＀＀ be
tet�teoent qt renu�qn u{uteo uwrrqttef �n whq＀e qt �n
ea＀ew＀atef wu�ni the oaz�owo ＀enith anf oaz�owo
ratt b{ rwb＀�e hwnfu uha＀＀ nqt ahtet Janwat{ 3, 3;99,
w�fth qh the nett�ni0 Vtaw＀u anf qthet bai t{re netu uha＀＀
rtqx�fe an{ �neteaue �n the beneh�tu tq the oeobetu qt
be ea＀ew＀atef au a eqne wu�ni the oaz�owo e�tewohet/
beneh�e�at�eu qh uweh u{uteo wn＀euu uweh wn�t hau oafe
enee qh the net oqwth tq fet�xe the taf�wu, anf the
qt eqnewttent＀{ oa�eu rtqx�u�qn hqt the hwnf�ni qh the
oaz�owo ＀enith htqo the net oqwth tq the ta�＀ enf qh the
�neteaue �n beneh�tu qn a uqwnf aetwat�a＀ bau�u0
J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 2;3, 3;95; afqrtef 3;980 net tq fet�xe the u＀ant he�iht0 Ea＀ew＀at�qnu hqt an{ qthet
netu qt eqob�nat�qn t{re netu uha＀＀ be bauef qn the
SGEVKQP 350 State qretatef ＀qttet�eu0´ uhareu qh the �nf�x�fwa＀ eqorqnentu;
(a) Nqttet�eu oa{ be qretatef b{ the utate0 (5) ¬eqaut＀�ne¹ oeanu the tett�tqt�a＀ uea baue ＀�ne hqt
(b) Kh an{ uwbueet�qn qt uwbueet�qnu qh the aoenf/ the State qh H＀qt�fa eutab＀�uhef rwtuwant tq the ＀awu qh
oent tq the H＀qt�fa Eqnut�twt�qn ate he＀f wneqnut�tw/ the Wn�tef Stateu qh Aoet�ea;
t�qna＀ hqt eqnta�n�ni oqte than qne uwb�eet, th�u (6) ¬H＀qt�fa watetu¹ oeanu the watetu qh the At＀ant�e
aoenfoent uha＀＀ be ＀�o�tef tq uwbueet�qn (a) abqxe0 Qeean, the Gw＀h qh Mez�eq, the Stta�tu qh H＀qt�fa, anf
(e) Vh�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ be �or＀eoentef au hq＀/ an{ qthet bqf�eu qh watet wnfet the �wt�uf�et�qn qh the
＀qwu< State qh H＀qt�fa, whethet eqauta＀, �nttaeqauta＀ qt �n＀anf,
(3) Sehefw＀e´Qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenf/ anf an{ ratt theteqh; anf
oent, the ＀qttet�eu uha＀＀ be �nqwn au the H＀qt�fa (5) ¬neatuhqte anf �nuhqte H＀qt�fa watetu¹ oeanu
Gfweat�qn Nqttet�eu0 Pet rtqeeefu fet�xef htqo the a＀＀ H＀qt�fa watetu �nu�fe a ＀�ne thtee o�＀eu ueawatf qh the
＀qttet�eu uha＀＀ be ferqu�tef tq a utate ttwut hwnf, tq be eqaut＀�ne a＀qni the Gw＀h qh Mez�eq anf �nu�fe a ＀�ne qne
feu�inatef Vhe State Gfweat�qn Nqttet�eu Vtwut Hwnf, tq o�＀e ueawatf qh the eqaut＀�ne a＀qni the At＀ant�e Qeean0
be arrtqrt�atef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte0 Vhe uehefw＀e oa{ (f) Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ nqt arr＀{ tq the wue qh netu hqt
be aoenfef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 ue�ent�h�e teueateh qt iqxetnoenta＀ rwtrqueu0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Jwne
32, 3;85; afqrtef 3;880 (e) Petuqnu x�q＀at�ni th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be rtque/
ewtef anf rwn�uhef rwtuwant tq the rena＀t�eu rtqx�fef
SGEVKQP 380 N�o�t�ni oat�ne net h�uh�ni0´ �n ueet�qn 5920223(2)(a),(b),(e)80 anf 90, anf (e), H＀qt�fa
(a) Vhe oat�ne teuqwteeu qh the State qh H＀qt�fa Statwteu (3;;3), wn＀euu anf wnt�＀ the ＀ei�u＀atwte enaetu
be＀qni tq a＀＀ qh the reqr＀e qh the utate anf uhqw＀f be oqte utt�nient rena＀t�eu hqt x�q＀at�qnu heteqh0 Qn anf
eqnuetxef anf oanaief hqt the beneh�t qh the utate, �tu ahtet the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u ueet�qn, ＀aw enhqteeoent
reqr＀e, anf hwtwte ienetat�qnu0 Vq th�u enf the reqr＀e qhh�eetu �n the utate ate awthqt�zef tq enhqtee the
heteb{ enaet ＀�o�tat�qnu qn oat�ne net h�uh�ni �n H＀qt�fa rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u ueet�qn �n the uaoe oannet anf
watetu tq rtqteet ua＀twatet h�nh�uh, uhe＀＀h�uh, anf qthet awthqt�t{ au �h a x�q＀at�qn qh th�u ueet�qn eqnut�twtef a
oat�ne an�oa＀u htqo wnneeeuuat{ ��＀＀�ni, qxeth�uh�ni x�q＀at�qn qh Ehartet 592, H＀qt�fa Statwteu (3;;3)0
anf waute0 (h) Kt �u the �ntent qh th�u ueet�qn that �or＀eoent�ni
(b) Hqt the rwtrque qh eateh�ni qt ta��ni an{ ua＀t/ ＀ei�u＀at�qn �u nqt teqw�tef hqt enhqte�ni an{ x�q＀at�qnu
watet h�nh�uh, uhe＀＀h�uh qt qthet oat�ne an�oa＀u �n H＀qt�fa heteqh, bwt nqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn rtqh�b�tu the eutab＀�uh/
watetu< oent b{ ＀aw qt rwtuwant tq ＀aw qh oqte teutt�et�qnu qn
(3) Pq i�＀＀ netu qt qthet entani＀�ni netu uha＀＀ be wuef the wue qh netu hqt the rwtrque qh eateh�ni qt ta��ni an{
�n an{ H＀qt�fa watetu; anf ua＀twatet h�nh�uh, uhe＀＀h�uh, qt qthet oat�ne an�oa＀u0
58
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

(i) Kh an{ rqtt�qn qh th�u ueet�qn �u he＀f �nxa＀�f hqt an{ feteto�nef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte anf rtqx�fe hqt aeeeuu tq
teauqn, the teoa�n�ni rqtt�qn qh th�u ueet�qn, tq the ez�ut�ni a�t anf itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn hae�＀�t�eu anf
hw＀＀eut eztent rquu�b＀e, uha＀＀ be uexetef htqo the xq�f uetx�eeu0 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte, the Eab�net anf the Gqxetnqt
rqtt�qn anf i�xen the hw＀＀eut rquu�b＀e hqtee anf arr＀�ea/ ate heteb{ f�teetef tq rtqeeef w�th the fexe＀qroent qh
t�qn0 uweh a u{uteo b{ the State anf/qt b{ a rt�xate ent�t{
(h) Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet qn the Jw＀{ 3 nezt rwtuwant tq utate arrtqxa＀ anf awthqt�zat�qn, �ne＀wf�ni
qeewtt�ni ahtet arrtqxa＀ heteqh b{ xqte qh the e＀eetqtu0 the aeqw�u�t�qn qh t�iht/qh/wa{, the h�nane�ni qh feu�in
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State anf eqnuttwet�qn qh the u{uteo, anf the qretat�qn qh the
Qetqbet 2, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;60
u{uteo, au rtqx�fef b{ uree�h�e arrtqrt�at�qn anf b{
SGEVKQP 390 Gxeti＀afeu Vtwut Hwnf0´ ＀aw, w�th eqnuttwet�qn tq bei�n qn qt behqte Pqxeobet 3,
(a) Vhete �u heteb{ eutab＀�uhef the Gxeti＀afeu 22250
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State
Vtwut Hwnf, wh�eh uha＀＀ nqt be uwb�eet tq teto�nat�qn Serteobet 5, 3;;;; afqrtef 2222; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th
rwtuwant tq Att�e＀e KKK, Seet�qn 3;(h)0 Vhe rwtrque qh the the Seetetat{ qh State Hebtwat{ 38, 2226; afqrtef 22260
3Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn wau terea＀ef ehheet�xe Janwat{ 6, 2225, b{ Ao0 rtqrquef

Gxeti＀afeu Vtwut Hwnf �u tq oa�e hwnfu axa�＀ab＀e tq b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Hebtwat{ 38, 2226; afqrtef
auu�ut �n eqnuetxat�qn anf rtqteet�qn qh natwta＀ te/ 22260 See u0 5(e), Att0 ZK, State Eqnut�twt�qn, hqt eqnut�twt�qna＀ ehheet�xe fate0

uqwteeu anf abateoent qh watet rq＀＀wt�qn �n the Gxet/

i＀afeu Ptqteet�qn Atea anf the Gxeti＀afeu Ait�ew＀twta＀ SGEVKQP 220 Yqt�r＀aeeu w�thqwt tqbaeeq
Atea0 Vhe ttwut hwnf uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef b{ the Sqwth uoq�e0´
H＀qt�fa Yatet Manaieoent D�utt�et, qt �tu uweeeuuqt (a) PTQJKDKVKQP0 Au a H＀qt�fa hea＀th �n�t�at�xe tq
aiene{, eqnu�utent w�th utatwtqt{ ＀aw0 rtqteet reqr＀e htqo the hea＀th hazatfu qh ueeqnf/hanf
(b) Vhe Gxeti＀afeu Vtwut Hwnf oa{ teee�xe hwnfu tqbaeeq uoq�e, tqbaeeq uoq��ni �u rtqh�b�tef �n
htqo an{ uqwtee, �ne＀wf�ni i�htu htqo �nf�x�fwa＀u, ene＀quef �nfqqt wqt�r＀aeeu0
eqtrqtat�qnu qt qthet ent�t�eu; hwnfu htqo ieneta＀ (b) GZEGPVKQPS0 Au hwtthet ezr＀a�nef �n the
texenwe au feteto�nef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte; anf an{ feh�n�t�qnu be＀qw, tqbaeeq uoq��ni oa{ be reto�ttef
qthet hwnfu uq feu�inatef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte, b{ the �n rt�xate teu�feneeu whenexet the{ ate nqt be�ni wuef
Wn�tef Stateu Eqniteuu qt b{ an{ qthet iqxetnoenta＀ eqooete�a＀＀{ tq rtqx�fe eh�＀f eate, afw＀t eate, qt hea＀th
ent�t{0 eate, qt an{ eqob�nat�qn theteqh; anf hwtthet oa{ be
(e) Hwnfu ferqu�tef tq the Gxeti＀afeu Vtwut Hwnf reto�ttef �n teta�＀ tqbaeeq uhqru, feu�inatef uoq��ni
uha＀＀ be ezrenfef hqt rwtrqueu qh eqnuetxat�qn anf iweut tqqou at hqte＀u anf qthet rwb＀�e ＀qfi�ni eutab/
rtqteet�qn qh natwta＀ teuqwteeu anf abateoent qh watet ＀�uhoentu; anf utanf/a＀qne batu0 Jqwexet, nqth�ni �n
rq＀＀wt�qn �n the Gxeti＀afeu Ptqteet�qn Atea anf Gxet/ th�u ueet�qn qt �n �tu �or＀eoent�ni ＀ei�u＀at�qn qt teiw＀a/
i＀afeu Ait�ew＀twta＀ Atea0 t�qnu uha＀＀ rtqh�b�t the qwnet, ＀euuee, qt qthet retuqn �n
(f) Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u uwbueet�qn, the tetou eqnttq＀ qh the wue qh an ene＀quef �nfqqt wqt�r＀aee htqo
¬Gxeti＀afeu Ptqteet�qn Atea,¹ ¬Gxeti＀afeu Ait�ew＀twta＀ hwtthet rtqh�b�t�ni qt ＀�o�t�ni uoq��ni thete�n0
Atea¹ anf ¬Sqwth H＀qt�fa Yatet Manaieoent D�utt�et¹ (e) DGHKPKVKQPS0 Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn,
uha＀＀ haxe the oean�niu au feh�nef �n utatwteu �n ehheet the hq＀＀qw�ni wqtfu anf tetou uha＀＀ haxe the utatef
qn Janwat{ 3, 3;;80 oean�niu<
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Mateh (3) ¬Soq��ni¹ oeanu �nha＀�ni, ezha＀�ni, bwtn�ni,
28, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
eatt{�ni, qt rquueuu�ni an{ ＀�ihtef tqbaeeq rtqfwet,
�ne＀wf�ni e�iatetteu, e�iatu, r�re tqbaeeq, anf an{ qthet
SGEVKQP 380 D�urqu�t�qn qh eqnuetxat�qn ＀anfu0 ＀�ihtef tqbaeeq rtqfwet0
Vhe hee �nteteut �n tea＀ rtqrett{ he＀f b{ an ent�t{ qh the (2) ¬Seeqnf/hanf uoq�e,¹ a＀uq �nqwn au enx�tqn/
utate anf feu�inatef hqt natwta＀ teuqwteeu eqnuetxat�qn oenta＀ tqbaeeq uoq�e (GVS), oeanu uoq�e eo�ttef
rwtrqueu au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw uha＀＀ be oanaief htqo ＀�ihtef, uoq＀fet�ni, qt bwtn�ni tqbaeeq when the
hqt the beneh�t qh the e�t�zenu qh th�u utate anf oa{ be uoq�et �u nqt �nha＀�ni; uoq�e eo�ttef at the oqwth/
f�urquef qh qn＀{ �h the oeobetu qh the iqxetn�ni bqatf r�eee fwt�ni rwhh ftaw�ni; anf uoq�e ezha＀ef b{ the
qh the ent�t{ hq＀f�ni t�t＀e feteto�ne the rtqrett{ �u nq uoq�et0
＀qniet neefef hqt eqnuetxat�qn rwtrqueu anf qn＀{ wrqn (5) ¬Yqt�¹ oeanu an{ retuqn'u rtqx�f�ni an{ eo/
a xqte qh twq/th�tfu qh the iqxetn�ni bqatf0 r＀q{oent qt eor＀q{oent/t{re uetx�ee hqt qt at the
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 5,
3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 teqweut qh anqthet �nf�x�fwa＀ qt �nf�x�fwa＀u qt an{ rwb＀�e
qt rt�xate ent�t{, whethet hqt eqorenuat�qn qt nqt,
3SGEVKQP 3;0 J�ih ureef itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn whethet hw＀＀ qt ratt/t�oe, whethet ＀eia＀＀{ qt nqt0
u{uteo0´Vq tefwee ttahh�e eqnieut�qn anf rtqx�fe ¬Yqt�¹ �ne＀wfeu, w�thqwt ＀�o�tat�qn, an{ uweh uetx�ee
a＀tetnat�xeu tq the ttaxe＀�ni rwb＀�e, �t �u heteb{ fee＀atef rethqtoef b{ an eor＀q{ee, �nferenfent eqnttaetqt,
tq be �n the rwb＀�e �nteteut that a h�ih ureef itqwnf aient, rattnet, rtqrt�etqt, oanaiet, qhh�eet, f�teetqt,
ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo eqnu�ut�ni qh a oqnqta�＀, h�zef arrtent�ee, tta�nee, auuqe�ate, uetxant, xq＀wnteet, anf
iw�fewa{ qt oainet�e ＀ex�tat�qn u{uteo, earab＀e qh the ＀��e0
ureefu �n ezeeuu qh 322 o�＀eu ret hqwt, be fexe＀qref (6) ¬Gne＀quef �nfqqt wqt�r＀aee¹ oeanu an{ r＀aee
anf qretatef �n the State qh H＀qt�fa tq rtqx�fe h�ih whete qne qt oqte retuqnu eniaieu �n wqt�, anf wh�eh
ureef itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn b{ �nnqxat�xe, ehh�e�ent anf r＀aee �u rtefqo�nant＀{ qt tqta＀＀{ bqwnfef qn a＀＀ u�feu
ehheet�xe teehnq＀qi�eu eqnu�ut�ni qh fef�eatef ta�＀u qt anf abqxe b{ rh{u�ea＀ batt�etu, teiatf＀euu qh whethet
iw�fewa{u ueratatef htqo oqtqt xeh�ew＀at ttahh�e that uweh batt�etu eqnu�ut qh qt �ne＀wfe wneqxetef qren�niu,
w�＀＀ ＀�n� the h�xe ＀atieut wtban ateau qh the State au ueteenef qt qthetw�ue ratt�a＀＀{ eqxetef qren�niu; qt
5;
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

qren qt e＀quef w�nfqwu, �a＀qwu�eu, fqqtu, qt the ＀��e0 anf �nhwoane eqnh�neoent qh r�iu fwt�ni rteinane{ au
Vh�u ueet�qn arr＀�eu tq a＀＀ uweh ene＀quef �nfqqt wqt�/ rtqx�fef hete�n0
r＀aeeu w�thqwt teiatf tq whethet wqt� �u qeewtt�ni at (a) Kt uha＀＀ be wn＀awhw＀ hqt an{ retuqn tq eqnh�ne a r�i
an{ i�xen t�oe0 fwt�ni rteinane{ �n an ene＀quwte, qt tq tethet a r�i
(5) ¬Eqooete�a＀¹ wue qh a rt�xate teu�fenee oeanu fwt�ni rteinane{, qn a hato �n uweh a wa{ that uhe �u
an{ t�oe fwt�ni wh�eh the qwnet, ＀euuee, qt qthet rtexentef htqo twtn�ni atqwnf htee＀{0
retuqn qeewr{�ni qt eqnttq＀＀�ni the wue qh the rt�xate (b) Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ nqt arr＀{<
teu�fenee �u hwtn�uh�ni �n the rt�xate teu�fenee, qt (3) when a r�i �u wnfetiq�ni an ezao�nat�qn, teut,
eawu�ni qt a＀＀qw�ni tq be hwtn�uhef �n the rt�xate tteatoent qt qretat�qn eatt�ef qwt hqt xetet�nat{ rwt/
teu�fenee, eh�＀f eate, afw＀t eate, qt hea＀th eate, qt rqueu, rtqx�fef the ret�qf fwt�ni wh�eh the an�oa＀ �u
an{ eqob�nat�qn theteqh, anf teee�x�ni qt ezreet�ni tq eqnh�nef qt tethetef �u nqt ＀qniet than teauqnab＀{
teee�xe eqorenuat�qn thetehqt0 neeeuuat{0
(8) ¬Teta�＀ tqbaeeq uhqr¹ oeanu an{ ene＀quef �n/ (2) fwt�ni the rteb�tth�ni ret�qf0
fqqt wqt�r＀aee fef�eatef tq qt rtefqo�nant＀{ hqt the (e) Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn<
teta�＀ ua＀e qh tqbaeeq, tqbaeeq rtqfwetu, anf aeeeu/ (3) ¬ene＀quwte¹ oeanu an{ eaie, etate qt qthet
uqt�eu hqt uweh rtqfwetu, �n wh�eh the ua＀e qh qthet ene＀quwte �n wh�eh a r�i �u �ert hqt a＀＀ qt the oa�qt�t{
rtqfwetu qt uetx�eeu �u oete＀{ �ne�fenta＀0 qh an{ fa{, �ne＀wf�ni what �u eqooqn＀{ feuet�bef au the
(9) ¬Deu�inatef uoq��ni iweut tqqou at rwb＀�e ¬ieutat�qn etate0¹
＀qfi�ni eutab＀�uhoentu¹ oeanu the u＀eer�ni tqqou (2) ¬hato¹ oeanu the ＀anf, bw�＀f�niu, uwrrqtt hae�＀/
anf f�teet＀{ auuqe�atef rt�xate ateau, uweh au bath/ �t�eu, anf qthet arrwttenaneeu wuef �n the rtqfwet�qn qh
tqqou, ＀�x�ni tqqou, anf ��tehen ateau, �h an{, tentef tq an�oa＀u hqt hqqf qt h�bet0
iweutu hqt the�t eze＀wu�xe ttanu�ent qeewrane{ �n rwb＀�e (5) ¬retuqn¹ oeanu an{ natwta＀ retuqn, eqtrqtat�qn
＀qfi�ni eutab＀�uhoentu �ne＀wf�ni hqte＀u, oqte＀u, teuqtt anf/qt bwu�neuu ent�t{0
eqnfqo�n�wou, ttanu�ent arattoentu, ttanu�ent ＀qfi�ni (6) ¬r�i¹ oeanu an{ an�oa＀ qh the rqte�ne uree�eu0
eutab＀�uhoentu, tqqo�ni hqwueu, bqatf�ni hqwueu, (5) ¬twtn�ni atqwnf htee＀{¹ oeanu twtn�ni atqwnf
teuqtt fwe＀＀�niu, bef anf btea�haut �nnu, anf the ＀��e; w�thqwt hax�ni tq tqweh an{ u�fe qh the r�i'u ene＀quwte0
anf feu�inatef b{ the retuqn qt retuqnu hax�ni (8) ¬rteb�tth�ni ret�qf¹ oeanu the uexen fa{ ret�qf
oanaieoent awthqt�t{ qxet uweh rwb＀�e ＀qfi�ni eutab/ rt�qt tq a r�i'u ezreetef fate qh i�x�ni b�tth0
＀�uhoent au tqqou �n wh�eh uoq��ni oa{ be reto�ttef0 (f) A retuqn whq x�q＀ateu th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be iw�＀t{
(8) ¬Stanf/a＀qne bat¹ oeanu an{ r＀aee qh bwu�neuu qh a o�ufeoeanqt qh the h�tut feitee, rwn�uhab＀e au
fexqtef fwt�ni an{ t�oe qh qretat�qn rtefqo�nant＀{ qt rtqx�fef �n u0 9950282(6)(a), H＀qt�fa Statwteu (3;;;), au
tqta＀＀{ tq uetx�ni a＀eqhq＀�e bexetaieu, �ntqz�eat�ni aoenfef, qt b{ a h�ne qh nqt oqte than &5222, qt b{
bexetaieu, qt �ntqz�eat�ni ＀�qwqtu, qt an{ eqob�nat�qn bqth �ort�uqnoent anf a h�ne, wn＀euu anf wnt�＀ the
theteqh, hqt eqnuwort�qn qn the ＀�eenuef rteo�ueu; �n ＀ei�u＀atwte enaetu oqte utt�nient rena＀t�eu hqt x�q＀at�qnu
wh�eh the uetx�ni qh hqqf, �h an{, �u oete＀{ �ne�fenta＀ tq heteqh0 Qn anf ahtet the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u ueet�qn,
the eqnuwort�qn qh an{ uweh bexetaie; anf that �u nqt ＀aw enhqteeoent qhh�eetu �n the utate ate awthqt�zef tq
＀qeatef w�th�n, anf fqeu nqt uhate an{ eqooqn entt{/ enhqtee the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u ueet�qn �n the uaoe
wa{ qt eqooqn �nfqqt atea w�th, an{ qthet ene＀quef oannet anf awthqt�t{ au �h a x�q＀at�qn qh th�u ueet�qn
�nfqqt wqt�r＀aee �ne＀wf�ni an{ bwu�neuu hqt wh�eh the eqnut�twtef a x�q＀at�qn qh Seet�qn 828035, H＀qt�fa
ua＀e qh hqqf qt an{ qthet rtqfwet qt uetx�ee �u oqte than Statwteu (3;;;)0 Vhe eqnh�neoent qt tethet�ni qh eaeh
an �ne�fenta＀ uqwtee qh itquu texenwe0 r�i uha＀＀ eqnut�twte a ueratate qhhenue0 Vhe �nqw＀efie
(f) NGGKSNAVKQP0 Kn the nezt teiw＀at ＀ei�u＀at�xe qt aetu qh aientu anf eor＀q{eeu qh a retuqn �n teiatf tq
ueuu�qn qeewtt�ni ahtet xqtet arrtqxa＀ qh th�u aoenf/ a r�i qwnef, hatoef qt �n the ewutqf{ qh a retuqn, uha＀＀
oent, the H＀qt�fa Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ afqrt ＀ei�u＀at�qn tq be he＀f tq be the �nqw＀efie qt aet qh uweh retuqn0
�or＀eoent th�u aoenfoent �n a oannet eqnu�utent w�th (e) Kt �u the �ntent qh th�u ueet�qn that �or＀eoent�ni
�tu btqaf rwtrque anf utatef tetou, anf hax�ni an ＀ei�u＀at�qn �u nqt teqw�tef hqt enhqte�ni an{ x�q＀at�qnu
ehheet�xe fate nq ＀atet than Jw＀{ 3 qh the {eat hq＀＀qw�ni heteqh0
xqtet arrtqxa＀0 Sweh ＀ei�u＀at�qn uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe, w�thqwt (h) Kh an{ rqtt�qn qh th�u ueet�qn �u he＀f �nxa＀�f hqt an{
＀�o�tat�qn, e�x�＀ rena＀t�eu hqt x�q＀at�qnu qh th�u ueet�qn; teauqn, the teoa�n�ni rqtt�qn qh th�u ueet�qn, tq the
rtqx�u�qnu hqt afo�n�uttat�xe enhqteeoent; anf the hw＀＀eut eztent rquu�b＀e, uha＀＀ be uexetef htqo the xq�f
teqw�teoent anf awthqt�zat�qn qh aiene{ tw＀eu hqt rqtt�qn anf i�xen the hw＀＀eut rquu�b＀e hqtee anf arr＀�ea/
�or＀eoentat�qn anf enhqteeoent0 Pqth�ni hete�n uha＀＀ t�qn0
rtee＀wfe the Nei�u＀atwte htqo enaet�ni an{ ＀aw eqn/ (i) Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet u�z {eatu ahtet
ut�twt�ni qt a＀＀qw�ni a oqte teutt�et�xe teiw＀at�qn qh arrtqxa＀ b{ the e＀eetqtu0
tqbaeeq uoq��ni than �u rtqx�fef �n th�u ueet�qn0 J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Awiwut
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 2222; afqrtef 22220
3Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 3; b{ Aoenfoent Pq0 32,
32, 2222; afqrtef 22220
2222, rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Awiwut 5, 2222,
afqrtef 2222, wau tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 23 b{ the ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f
3SGEVKQP 230 N�o�t�ni etwe＀ anf �nhwoane eqn/ eqnhwu�qn w�th a＀teaf{ ez�ut�ni ueet�qn 3;, te＀at�ni tq the h�ih ureef itqwnf
ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo, anf ueet�qn 22, te＀at�ni tq rtqh�b�t�ni wqt�r＀aee uoq��ni, au
h�neoent qh r�iu fwt�ni rteinane{0´Knhwoane eqnta�nef �n Aoenfoent Pq0 8, rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the
tteatoent qh an�oa＀u �u a eqneetn qh H＀qt�fa e�t�zenu0 Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 32, 2222, anf afqrtef �n 22220
Vq rtexent etwe＀t{ tq eetta�n an�oa＀u anf au teeqo/
oenfef b{ Vhe Jwoane Sqe�et{ qh the Wn�tef Stateu, SGEVKQP 220 Patenta＀ nqt�ee qh teto�nat�qn qh a
the reqr＀e qh the State qh H＀qt�fa heteb{ ＀�o�t the etwe＀ o�nqt'u rteinane{0´Vhe Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ nqt ＀�o�t qt
62
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

fen{ the rt�xae{ t�iht iwatanteef tq a o�nqt wnfet the the oean�niu eutab＀�uhef wnfet the hefeta＀ Ha�t Nabqt
Wn�tef Stateu Eqnut�twt�qn au �ntetrtetef b{ the Wn�tef Stanfatfu Aet (HNSA) anf �tu �or＀eoent�ni teiw＀at�qnu0
Stateu Swrteoe Eqwtt0 Pqtw�thutanf�ni a o�nqt'u t�iht (e) MKPKMWM YAGG0 Gor＀q{etu uha＀＀ ra{ Go/
qh rt�xae{ rtqx�fef �n Seet�qn 25 qh Att�e＀e K, the r＀q{eeu Yaieu nq ＀euu than the M�n�owo Yaie hqt a＀＀
Nei�u＀atwte �u awthqt�zef tq teqw�te b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw hqt hqwtu wqt�ef �n H＀qt�fa0 S�z oqnthu ahtet enaetoent,
nqt�h�eat�qn tq a ratent qt iwatf�an qh a o�nqt behqte the the M�n�owo Yaie uha＀＀ be eutab＀�uhef at an hqwt＀{
teto�nat�qn qh the o�nqt'u rteinane{0 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte tate qh &80350 Qn Serteobet 52th qh that {eat anf qn
uha＀＀ rtqx�fe ezeert�qnu tq uweh teqw�teoent hqt nqt�/ eaeh hq＀＀qw�ni Serteobet 52th, the utate Aiene{ hqt
h�eat�qn anf uha＀＀ eteate a rtqeeuu hqt �wf�e�a＀ wa�xet qh Yqt�hqtee Knnqxat�qn uha＀＀ ea＀ew＀ate an af�wutef M�n�/
the nqt�h�eat�qn0 owo Yaie tate b{ �neteau�ni the ewttent M�n�owo
J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 3, 2226; afqrtef 22260 Yaie tate b{ the tate qh �nh＀at�qn fwt�ni the twe＀xe
oqnthu rt�qt tq eaeh Serteobet 3ut wu�ni the eqnuwoet
3SGEVKQP 250 S＀qt oaeh�neu0´ rt�ee �nfez hqt wtban waie eatnetu anf e＀et�ea＀ wqt�etu,
(a) Ahtet xqtet arrtqxa＀ qh th�u eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenf/ EPK/Y, qt a uweeeuuqt �nfez au ea＀ew＀atef b{ the Wn�tef
oent, the iqxetn�ni bqf�eu qh M�ao�/Dafe anf Dtqwatf Stateu Derattoent qh Nabqt0 Gaeh af�wutef M�n�owo
Eqwnt�eu eaeh oa{ hq＀f a eqwnt{/w�fe tehetenfwo �n Yaie tate ea＀ew＀atef uha＀＀ be rwb＀�uhef anf ta�e ehheet
the�t teureet�xe eqwnt�eu qn whethet tq awthqt�ze u＀qt qn the hq＀＀qw�ni Janwat{ 3ut0 Hqt t�rref Gor＀q{eeu
oaeh�neu w�th�n ez�ut�ni, ＀�eenuef rat�owtwe＀ hae�＀�t�eu oeet�ni e＀�i�b�＀�t{ teqw�teoentu hqt the t�r etef�t wnfet
(thqtqwihbtef anf hatneuu tae�ni, ite{hqwnf tae�ni, the HNSA, Gor＀q{etu oa{ etef�t tqwatfu uat�uhaet�qn qh
anf �a�/a＀a�) that haxe eqnfwetef ＀�xe tae�ni qt iaoeu �n the M�n�owo Yaie t�ru wr tq the aoqwnt qh the
that eqwnt{ fwt�ni eaeh qh the ＀aut twq ea＀enfat {eatu a＀＀qwab＀e HNSA t�r etef�t �n 22250
behqte the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenfoent0 Kh the (f) TGVANKAVKQP PTQJKDKVGD0 Kt uha＀＀ be wn/
xqtetu qh uweh eqwnt{ arrtqxe the tehetenfwo qweut�qn ＀awhw＀ hqt an Gor＀q{et qt an{ qthet ratt{ tq f�uet�o�nate
b{ oa�qt�t{ xqte, u＀qt oaeh�neu uha＀＀ be awthqt�zef �n �n an{ oannet qt ta�e afxetue aet�qn aia�nut an{
uweh rat�owtwe＀ hae�＀�t�eu0 Kh the xqtetu qh uweh eqwnt{ b{ retuqn �n teta＀�at�qn hqt ezete�u�ni t�ihtu rtqteetef
oa�qt�t{ xqte f�uarrtqxe the tehetenfwo qweut�qn, u＀qt wnfet th�u aoenfoent0 T�ihtu rtqteetef wnfet th�u
oaeh�neu uha＀＀ nqt be uq awthqt�zef, anf the qweut�qn aoenfoent �ne＀wfe, bwt ate nqt ＀�o�tef tq, the t�iht tq
uha＀＀ nqt be rteuentef �n anqthet tehetenfwo �n that h�＀e a eqor＀a�nt qt �nhqto an{ retuqn abqwt an{ ratt{'u
eqwnt{ hqt at ＀eaut twq {eatu0 a＀＀eief nqneqor＀�anee w�th th�u aoenfoent, anf the
(b) Kn the nezt teiw＀at Nei�u＀at�xe ueuu�qn qeewtt�ni t�iht tq �nhqto an{ retuqn qh h�u qt het rqtent�a＀ t�ihtu
ahtet xqtet arrtqxa＀ qh th�u eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent, wnfet th�u aoenfoent anf tq auu�ut h�o qt het �n
the Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ afqrt ＀ei�u＀at�qn �or＀eoent�ni th�u auuett�ni uweh t�ihtu0
(e) GPHQTEGMGPV0 Petuqnu aiit�exef b{ a x�q/
ueet�qn anf hax�ni an ehheet�xe fate nq ＀atet than Jw＀{ 3
＀at�qn qh th�u aoenfoent oa{ bt�ni a e�x�＀ aet�qn �n a
qh the {eat hq＀＀qw�ni xqtet arrtqxa＀ qh th�u aoenfoent0
eqwtt qh eqoretent �wt�uf�et�qn aia�nut an Gor＀q{et qt
Sweh ＀ei�u＀at�qn uha＀＀ awthqt�ze aiene{ tw＀eu hqt �o/
retuqn x�q＀at�ni th�u aoenfoent anf, wrqn rtexa�＀�ni,
r＀eoentat�qn, anf oa{ �ne＀wfe rtqx�u�qnu hqt the
uha＀＀ teeqxet the hw＀＀ aoqwnt qh an{ bae� waieu
＀�eenuwte anf teiw＀at�qn qh u＀qt oaeh�neu0 Vhe Nei�u/ wn＀awhw＀＀{ w�thhe＀f r＀wu the uaoe aoqwnt au ＀�qw�fatef
＀atwte oa{ taz u＀qt oaeh�ne texenweu, anf an{ uweh faoaieu, anf uha＀＀ be awatfef teauqnab＀e attqtne{'u
tazeu owut uwrr＀eoent rwb＀�e efweat�qn hwnf�ni utate/ heeu anf equtu0 Kn aff�t�qn, the{ uha＀＀ be ent�t＀ef tq uweh
w�fe0 ＀eia＀ qt eqw�tab＀e te＀�eh au oa{ be arrtqrt�ate tq teoef{
(e) Kh an{ ratt qh th�u ueet�qn �u he＀f �nxa＀�f hqt an{ the x�q＀at�qn �ne＀wf�ni, w�thqwt ＀�o�tat�qn, te�nutateoent
teauqn, the teoa�n�ni rqtt�qn qt rqtt�qnu uha＀＀ be �n eor＀q{oent anf/qt �n�wnet�xe te＀�eh0 An{ Gor＀q{et qt
uexetef htqo the �nxa＀�f rqtt�qn anf i�xen the hw＀＀eut qthet retuqn hqwnf ＀�ab＀e hqt w�＀＀hw＀＀{ x�q＀at�ni th�u
rquu�b＀e hqtee anf ehheet0 aoenfoent uha＀＀ a＀uq be uwb�eet tq a h�ne ra{ab＀e tq
(f) Vh�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ beeqoe ehheet�xe when the utate �n the aoqwnt qh &3222022 hqt eaeh x�q＀at�qn0
arrtqxef b{ xqte qh the e＀eetqtu qh the utate0 Vhe utate attqtne{ ieneta＀ qt qthet qhh�e�a＀ feu�inatef
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{
28, 2222; afqrtef 22260 b{ the utate ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ a＀uq bt�ni a e�x�＀ aet�qn tq
3
Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 3; b{ Aoenfoent Pq0 6, enhqtee th�u aoenfoent0 Aet�qnu tq enhqtee th�u
2226, rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 28, 2222,
afqrtef 2226, wau tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 25 b{ the ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f
aoenfoent uha＀＀ be uwb�eet tq a utatwte qh ＀�o�tat�qnu
eqnhwu�qn w�th a＀teaf{ ez�ut�ni ueet�qn 3;, te＀at�ni tq the h�ih ureef itqwnf qh hqwt {eatu qt, �n the eaue qh w�＀＀hw＀ x�q＀at�qnu, h�xe
ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo0 {eatu0 Sweh aet�qnu oa{ be btqwiht au a e＀auu aet�qn
rwtuwant tq Tw＀e 30222 qh the H＀qt�fa Tw＀eu qh E�x�＀
SGEVKQP 260 H＀qt�fa o�n�owo waie0´ Ptqeefwte0
(a) PWDNKE PQNKEY0 A＀＀ wqt��ni H＀qt�f�anu ate (h) ADDKVKQPAN NGGKSNAVKQP, KMPNGMGPVA/
ent�t＀ef tq be ra�f a o�n�owo waie that �u uwhh�e�ent tq VKQP APD EQPSVTWEVKQP0 Kor＀eoent�ni ＀ei�u＀a/
rtqx�fe a feeent anf hea＀th{ ＀�he hqt theo anf the�t t�qn �u nqt teqw�tef �n qtfet tq enhqtee th�u aoenfoent0
hao�＀�eu, that rtqteetu the�t eor＀q{etu htqo wnha�t ＀qw/ Vhe utate ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ b{ utatwte eutab＀�uh aff�t�qna＀
waie eqoret�t�qn, anf that fqeu nqt hqtee theo tq te＀{ teoef�eu qt h�neu hqt x�q＀at�qnu qh th�u aoenfoent, ta�ue
qn tazra{et/hwnfef rwb＀�e uetx�eeu �n qtfet tq axq�f the arr＀�eab＀e M�n�owo Yaie tate, tefwee the t�r
eeqnqo�e hatfuh�r0 etef�t, qt eztenf eqxetaie qh the M�n�owo Yaie tq
(b) DGHKPKVKQPS0 Au wuef �n th�u aoenfoent, the eor＀q{etu qt eor＀q{eeu nqt eqxetef b{ th�u aoenf/
tetou ¬Gor＀q{et,¹ ¬Gor＀q{ee¹ anf ¬Yaie¹ uha＀＀ haxe oent0 Vhe utate ＀ei�u＀atwte oa{ b{ utatwte qt the utate
63
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

Aiene{ hqt Yqt�hqtee Knnqxat�qn oa{ b{ teiw＀at�qn oa{ be ¬rtqx�fef¹ b{ tehetenee tq the ＀qeat�qn at wh�eh
afqrt an{ oeauwteu arrtqrt�ate hqt the �or＀eoentat�qn the teeqtfu ate rwb＀�e＀{ axa�＀ab＀e0
qh th�u aoenfoent0 Vh�u aoenfoent rtqx�feu hqt J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 3,
2225; afqrtef 22260
ra{oent qh a o�n�owo waie anf uha＀＀ nqt be eqnuttwef 3Pqte0´

tq rteeort qt qthetw�ue ＀�o�t the awthqt�t{ qh the utate A0 Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 22 b{ Aoenfoent Pq0 9, 2226,
rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 3, 2225, afqrtef
＀ei�u＀atwte qt an{ qthet rwb＀�e bqf{ tq afqrt qt enhqtee 2226, wau tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 25 b{ the ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f eqnhwu�qn w�th
an{ qthet ＀aw, teiw＀at�qn, teqw�teoent, rq＀�e{ qt utan/ ueet�qn 22, te＀at�ni tq ratenta＀ nqt�ee qh teto�nat�qn qh a o�nqt'u rteinane{, au
eqnta�nef �n Aoenfoent Pq0 3, 2226, affef b{ J0J0T0 3, 2226, afqrtef 22260
fatf that rtqx�feu hqt ra{oent qh h�ihet qt uwrr＀e/ D0 Aoenfoent Pq0 9, 2226, rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the
oenta＀ waieu qt beneh�tu, qt that eztenfu uweh rtqtee/ Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 3, 2225, afqrtef 2226, rwb＀�uhef ¬]h_w＀＀ ]t_ezt¹ eqnu�ut�ni qh a
utateoent anf rwtrque, the aetwa＀ aoenfoent ¬�nuett�ni the hq＀＀qw�ni new ueet�qn
t�qnu tq eor＀q{etu qt eor＀q{eeu nqt eqxetef b{ th�u at the enf ]qh Att0 Z_,¹ anf an ehheet�xe fate anf uexetab�＀�t{ rtqx�u�qn nqt uree�h�ea＀＀{
aoenfoent0 Kt �u �ntenfef that eaue ＀aw, afo�n�uttat�xe �ne＀wfef �n the aoenfoent tezt0 Vhe ehheet�xe fate anf uexetab�＀�t{ rtqx�u�qn teafu<
5) Ghheet�xe Date anf Sexetab�＀�t{<
�ntetrtetat�qnu, anf qthet iw�f�ni utanfatfu fexe＀qref Vh�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ be ehheet�xe qn the fate �t �u arrtqxef b{ the e＀eetqtate0 Kh
wnfet the hefeta＀ HNSA uha＀＀ iw�fe the eqnuttwet�qn qh an{ rqtt�qn qh th�u oeauwte �u he＀f �nxa＀�f hqt an{ teauqn, the teoa�n�ni rqtt�qn qh
th�u oeauwte, tq the hw＀＀eut eztent rquu�b＀e, uha＀＀ be uexetef htqo the xq�f rqtt�qn
th�u aoenfoent anf an{ �or＀eoent�ni utatwteu qt anf i�xen the hw＀＀eut rquu�b＀e hqtee anf arr＀�eat�qn0
teiw＀at�qnu0
(i) SGVGTADKNKVY0 Kh an{ ratt qh th�u aoenf/ 3SGEVKQP 280 Ptqh�b�t�qn qh oef�ea＀ ＀�eenue
oent, qt the arr＀�eat�qn qh th�u aoenfoent tq an{ ahtet tereatef oef�ea＀ oa＀rtaet�ee0´
retuqn qt e�tewoutanee, �u he＀f �nxa＀�f, the teoa�nfet qh (a) Pq retuqn whq hau been hqwnf tq haxe eqo/
th�u aoenfoent, �ne＀wf�ni the arr＀�eat�qn qh uweh ratt tq o�ttef thtee qt oqte �ne�fentu qh oef�ea＀ oa＀rtaet�ee
qthet retuqnu qt e�tewoutaneeu, uha＀＀ nqt be ahheetef b{ uha＀＀ be ＀�eenuef qt eqnt�nwe tq be ＀�eenuef b{ the State
uweh a hq＀f�ni anf uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe �n hw＀＀ hqtee anf ehheet0 qh H＀qt�fa tq rtqx�fe hea＀th eate uetx�eeu au a oef�ea＀
Vq th�u enf, the rattu qh th�u aoenfoent ate uexetab＀e0 fqetqt0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Awiwut
9, 2225; afqrtef 22260 (b) Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn, the hq＀＀qw�ni tetou
haxe the hq＀＀qw�ni oean�niu<
3 SGEVKQP 250 Pat�entu' t�iht tq �nqw abqwt (3) Vhe rhtaue ¬oef�ea＀ oa＀rtaet�ee¹ oeanu bqth
afxetue oef�ea＀ �ne�fentu0´ the ha�＀wte tq rtaet�ee oef�e�ne �n H＀qt�fa w�th that ＀exe＀
(a) Kn aff�t�qn tq an{ qthet u�o�＀at t�ihtu rtqx�fef qh eate, u��＀＀, anf tteatoent teeqin�zef �n ieneta＀ ＀aw
hete�n qt b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, rat�entu haxe a t�iht tq haxe te＀atef tq hea＀th eate rtqx�fetu' ＀�eenuwte, anf an{
aeeeuu tq an{ teeqtfu oafe qt teee�xef �n the eqwtue qh u�o�＀at wtqnihw＀ aet, nei＀eet, qt fehaw＀t �n qthet utateu qt
bwu�neuu b{ a hea＀th eate hae�＀�t{ qt rtqx�fet te＀at�ni tq eqwntt�eu wh�eh, �h eqoo�ttef �n H＀qt�fa, wqw＀f haxe
an{ afxetue oef�ea＀ �ne�fent0 been eqnu�fetef oef�ea＀ oa＀rtaet�ee0
(b) Kn rtqx�f�ni uweh aeeeuu, the �fent�t{ qh rat�entu (2) Vhe rhtaue ¬hqwnf tq haxe eqoo�ttef¹ oeanu
�nxq＀xef �n the �ne�fentu uha＀＀ nqt be f�ue＀quef, anf an{ that the oa＀rtaet�ee hau been hqwnf �n a h�na＀ �wfioent
rt�xae{ teutt�et�qnu �orquef b{ hefeta＀ ＀aw uha＀＀ be qh a eqwtt qh ＀aw, h�na＀ afo�n�uttat�xe aiene{ fee�u�qn, qt
oa�nta�nef0 fee�u�qn qh b�nf�ni atb�ttat�qn0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 9,
(e) Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn, the hq＀＀qw�ni tetou 2225; afqrtef 22260
3Pqte0´
haxe the hq＀＀qw�ni oean�niu< A0 Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 22 b{ Aoenfoent Pq0 8, 2226,
(3) Vhe rhtaueu ¬hea＀th eate hae�＀�t{¹ anf ¬hea＀th rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 9, 2225, afqrtef
eate rtqx�fet¹ haxe the oean�ni i�xen �n ieneta＀ ＀aw 2226, wau tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 28 b{ the ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f eqnhwu�qn w�th
a＀teaf{ ez�ut�ni ueet�qn 22, te＀at�ni tq rtqh�b�t�ni wqt�r＀aee uoq��ni0
te＀atef tq a rat�ent'u t�ihtu anf teurqnu�b�＀�t�eu0 D0 Aoenfoent Pq0 8, 2226, rtqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the
(2) Vhe teto ¬rat�ent¹ oeanu an �nf�x�fwa＀ whq hau Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 9, 2225, afqrtef 2226, rwb＀�uhef ¬]h_w＀＀ ]t_ezt¹ eqnu�ut�ni qh a
utateoent anf rwtrque, the aetwa＀ aoenfoent ¬�nuett�ni the hq＀＀qw�ni new ueet�qn
uqwiht, �u uee��ni, �u wnfetiq�ni, qt hau wnfetiqne at the enf ]qh Att0 Z_,¹ anf an ehheet�xe fate anf uexetab�＀�t{ rtqx�u�qn nqt uree�h�ea＀＀{
eate qt tteatoent �n a hea＀th eate hae�＀�t{ qt b{ a hea＀th �ne＀wfef �n the aoenfoent tezt0 Vhe ehheet�xe fate anf uexetab�＀�t{ rtqx�u�qn teafu<
e) Ghheet�xe Date anf Sexetab�＀�t{<
eate rtqx�fet0 Vh�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ be ehheet�xe qn the fate �t �u arrtqxef b{ the e＀eetqtate0 Kh
(5) Vhe rhtaue ¬afxetue oef�ea＀ �ne�fent¹ oeanu an{ rqtt�qn qh th�u oeauwte �u he＀f �nxa＀�f hqt an{ teauqn, the teoa�n�ni rqtt�qn qh
th�u oeauwte, tq the hw＀＀eut eztent rquu�b＀e, uha＀＀ be uexetef htqo the xq�f rqtt�qn
oef�ea＀ nei＀�ienee, �ntent�qna＀ o�ueqnfwet, anf an{ anf i�xen the hw＀＀eut rquu�b＀e hqtee anf arr＀�eat�qn0
qthet aet, nei＀eet, qt fehaw＀t qh a hea＀th eate hae�＀�t{ qt
hea＀th eate rtqx�fet that eawuef qt eqw＀f haxe eawuef SGEVKQP 290 Eqortehenu�xe Statew�fe Vqbae/
�n�wt{ tq qt feath qh a rat�ent, �ne＀wf�ni, bwt nqt ＀�o�tef eq Gfweat�qn Anf Ptexent�qn Ptqitao0´Kn qtfet tq
tq, thque �ne�fentu that ate teqw�tef b{ utate qt hefeta＀ rtqteet reqr＀e, euree�a＀＀{ {qwth, htqo hea＀th hazatfu qh
＀aw tq be terqttef tq an{ iqxetnoenta＀ aiene{ qt bqf{, wu�ni tqbaeeq, �ne＀wf�ni aff�et�xe f�uqtfetu, eaneet,
anf �ne�fentu that ate terqttef tq qt tex�ewef b{ an{ eatf�qxauew＀at f�ueaueu, anf ＀wni f�ueaueu; anf tq
hea＀th eate hae�＀�t{ reet tex�ew, t�u� oanaieoent, f�ueqwtaie wue qh tqbaeeq, ratt�ew＀at＀{ aoqni {qwth, a
qwa＀�t{ auuwtanee, etefent�a＀u, qt u�o�＀at eqoo�ttee, rqtt�qn qh the oqne{ that tqbaeeq eqoran�eu ra{ tq the
qt an{ terteuentat�xe qh an{ uweh eqoo�tteeu0 State qh H＀qt�fa wnfet the Vqbaeeq Sett＀eoent eaeh
(6) Vhe rhtaue ¬haxe aeeeuu tq an{ teeqtfu¹ oeanu, {eat uha＀＀ be wuef tq hwnf a eqortehenu�xe utatew�fe
�n aff�t�qn tq an{ qthet rtqeefwte hqt rtqfwe�ni uweh tqbaeeq efweat�qn anf rtexent�qn rtqitao eqnu�utent
teeqtfu rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, oa��ni the teeqtfu w�th teeqooenfat�qnu qh the W0S0 Eentetu hqt D�ueaue
axa�＀ab＀e hqt �nureet�qn anf eqr{�ni wrqn hqtoa＀ qt Eqnttq＀ anf Ptexent�qn (EDE), au hq＀＀qwu<
�nhqtoa＀ teqweut b{ the rat�ent qt a terteuentat�xe qh the (a) PTQGTAM0 Vhe oqne{ arrtqrt�atef rwt/
rat�ent, rtqx�fef that ewttent teeqtfu wh�eh haxe been uwant tq th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be wuef tq hwnf a eqorte/
oafe rwb＀�e＀{ axa�＀ab＀e b{ rwb＀�eat�qn qt qn the Kntetnet henu�xe utatew�fe tqbaeeq efweat�qn anf rtexent�qn
62
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

rtqitao eqnu�utent w�th the teeqooenfat�qnu hqt ;5/3688 AJ (H＀a0 35th E�t0 Et0), au aoenfef b{
ehheet�xe rtqitao eqorqnentu �n the 3;;; Best Prac- St�rw＀at�qn qh Aoenfoent fatef Serteobet 33, 3;;8;
tices for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs qh anf �ne＀wfeu an{ uwbueqwent aoenfoentu anf uwe/
the EDE, au uweh Best Practices oa{ be aoenfef b{ eeuuqt aiteeoentu0 ¬Yqwth¹ �ne＀wfeu o�nqtu anf {qwni
the EDE0 Vh�u rtqitao uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe, at a o�n�owo, the afw＀tu0
hq＀＀qw�ni eqorqnentu, anf oa{ �ne＀wfe aff�t�qna＀ (f) GHHGEVKVG DAVG0 Vh�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ be/
eqorqnentu that ate a＀uq eqnta�nef w�th�n the EDE eqoe ehheet�xe �ooef�ate＀{ wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{ the
Best Practices, au ret�qf�ea＀＀{ aoenfef, anf that ate xqtetu0
ehheet�xe at aeeqor＀�uh�ni the rwtrque qh th�u ueet�qn, J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Jw＀{ 22,
2225; afqrtef 22280
anf that fq nqt wnfeto�ne the ehheet�xeneuu qh theue
teqw�tef o�n�owo eqorqnentu< SGEVKQP 280 Nanf Aeqw�u�t�qn Vtwut Hwnf0´
(3) an afxett�u�ni eaora�in tq f�ueqwtaie the wue qh (a) Ghheet�xe qn Jw＀{ 3 qh the {eat hq＀＀qw�ni rauuaie
tqbaeeq anf tq efweate reqr＀e, euree�a＀＀{ {qwth, abqwt
qh th�u aoenfoent b{ the xqtetu, anf hqt a ret�qf qh 22
the hea＀th hazatfu qh tqbaeeq, wh�eh uha＀＀ be feu�inef
{eatu ahtet that ehheet�xe fate, the Nanf Aeqw�u�t�qn
tq be ehheet�xe at aeh�ex�ni theue iqa＀u anf uha＀＀
Vtwut Hwnf uha＀＀ teee�xe nq ＀euu than 55 reteent qh net
�ne＀wfe, bwt neef nqt be ＀�o�tef tq, te＀ex�u�qn, taf�q,
texenweu fet�xef htqo the ez�ut�ni eze�ue taz qn
anf rt�nt afxett�u�ni, w�th nq ＀�o�tat�qnu qn an{ �nf�x�f/
fqewoentu, au feh�nef �n the utatwteu �n ehheet qn
wa＀ afxett�u�ni oef�wo wt�＀�zef; anf wh�eh uha＀＀ be
Janwat{ 3, 2232, au aoenfef htqo t�oe tq t�oe, qt an{
hwnfef at a ＀exe＀ eqw�xa＀ent tq qne/th�tf qh eaeh tqta＀
uweeeuuqt qt ter＀aeeoent taz, ahtet the Derattoent qh
annwa＀ arrtqrt�at�qn teqw�tef b{ th�u ueet�qn;
Texenwe h�tut fefwetu a uetx�ee ehatie tq ra{ the equtu
(2) ex�fenee/bauef ewtt�ew＀a anf rtqitaou tq efw/
qh the eq＀＀eet�qn anf enhqteeoent qh the eze�ue taz qn
eate {qwth abqwt tqbaeeq anf tq f�ueqwtaie the�t wue qh
fqewoentu0
�t, �ne＀wf�ni, bwt nqt ＀�o�tef tq, rtqitaou that �nxq＀xe
(b) Hwnfu �n the Nanf Aeqw�u�t�qn Vtwut Hwnf uha＀＀
{qwth, efweate {qwth abqwt the hea＀th hazatfu qh
be ezrenfef qn＀{ hqt the hq＀＀qw�ni rwtrqueu<
tqbaeeq, he＀r {qwth fexe＀qr u��＀＀u tq tehwue tqbaeeq,
(3) Au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw, tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee< the
anf feoqnuttate tq {qwth hqw tq utqr wu�ni tqbaeeq;
aeqw�u�t�qn anf �ortqxeoent qh ＀anf, watet ateau, anf
(5) rtqitaou qh ＀qea＀ eqoown�t{/bauef rattnet/
te＀atef rtqrett{ �nteteutu, �ne＀wf�ni eqnuetxat�qn eaue/
uh�ru that f�ueqwtaie the wue qh tqbaeeq anf wqt� tq
oentu, anf teuqwteeu hqt eqnuetxat�qn ＀anfu �ne＀wf�ni
efweate reqr＀e, euree�a＀＀{ {qwth, abqwt the hea＀th
wet＀anfu, hqteutu, anf h�uh anf w�＀f＀�he hab�tat; w�＀f＀�he
hazatfu qh tqbaeeq, w�th an eorhau�u qn rtqitaou
oanaieoent ateau; ＀anfu that rtqteet watet teuqwteeu
that �nxq＀xe {qwth anf eorhau�ze the rtexent�qn anf
anf ft�n��ni watet uqwteeu, �ne＀wf�ni ＀anfu rtqteet�ni
eeuuat�qn qh tqbaeeq wue;
the watet qwa＀�t{ anf qwant�t{ qh t�xetu, ＀a�eu, utteaou,
(6) enhqteeoent qh ＀awu, teiw＀at�qnu, anf rq＀�e�eu
urt�niuhefu, anf ＀anfu rtqx�f�ni teehatie hqt itqwnf/
aia�nut the ua＀e qt qthet rtqx�u�qn qh tqbaeeq tq o�nqtu,
watet anf aqw�het u{uteou; ＀anfu �n the Gxeti＀afeu
anf the rquueuu�qn qh tqbaeeq b{ o�nqtu; anf
Ait�ew＀twta＀ Atea anf the Gxeti＀afeu Ptqteet�qn Atea,
(5) rwb＀�e＀{/terqttef annwa＀ exa＀wat�qnu tq enuwte
au feh�nef �n Att�e＀e KK, Seet�qn 9(b); beaeheu anf
that oqne{u arrtqrt�atef rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn ate
uhqteu; qwtfqqt teeteat�qn ＀anfu, �ne＀wf�ni teeteat�qna＀
urent rtqret＀{, wh�eh uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe exa＀wat�qn qh the
tta�＀u, rat�u, anf wtban qren uraee; twta＀ ＀anfueareu;
rtqitao'u ehheet�xeneuu �n tefwe�ni anf rtexent�ni
wqt��ni hatou anf taneheu; h�utqt�e qt ieq＀qi�e u�teu;
tqbaeeq wue, anf annwa＀ teeqooenfat�qnu hqt �ortqxe/
tqiethet w�th oanaieoent, teutqtat�qn qh natwta＀ u{u/
oentu tq enhanee the rtqitao'u ehheet�xeneuu, wh�eh
teou, anf the enhaneeoent qh rwb＀�e aeeeuu qt
ate tq �ne＀wfe eqorat�uqnu tq u�o�＀at rtqitaou rtqxen
teeteat�qna＀ en�q{oent qh eqnuetxat�qn ＀anfu0
tq be ehheet�xe �n qthet utateu, au we＀＀ au eqorat�uqnu tq
(2) Vq ra{ the febt uetx�ee qn bqnfu �uuwef
EDE Best Practices, �ne＀wf�ni aoenfoentu thetetq0
rwtuwant tq Att�e＀e VKK, Seet�qn 33(e)0
(b) HWPDKPG0 Kn exet{ {eat bei�nn�ni w�th the
(e) Vhe oqne{u ferqu�tef �ntq the Nanf Aeqw�u�t�qn
ea＀enfat {eat ahtet xqtetu arrtqxe th�u aoenfoent, the
Vtwut Hwnf, au feh�nef b{ the utatwteu �n ehheet qn
H＀qt�fa Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ arrtqrt�ate, hqt the rwtrque
Janwat{ 3, 2232, uha＀＀ nqt be qt beeqoe eqoo�ni＀ef
ezrteuuef hete�n, htqo the tqta＀ itquu hwnfu that
w�th the ieneta＀ texenwe hwnf qh the utate0
tqbaeeq eqoran�eu ra{ tq the State qh H＀qt�fa wnfet J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State
the Vqbaeeq Sett＀eoent, an aoqwnt eqwa＀ tq h�hteen Serteobet 39, 2232; afqrtef 22360
reteent qh uweh hwnfu ra�f tq the State �n 2225; anf the
arrtqrt�at�qn teqw�tef b{ th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be af�wutef SGEVKQP 2;0 Mef�ea＀ oat��wana rtqfwet�qn,
annwa＀＀{ hqt �nh＀at�qn, wu�ni the Eqnuwoet Pt�ee Knfez rquueuu�qn anf wue0´
au rwb＀�uhef b{ the Wn�tef Stateu Derattoent qh Nabqt0 (a) PWDNKE PQNKEY0
(e) DGHKPKVKQPS0 ¬Vqbaeeq¹ �ne＀wfeu, w�thqwt (3) Vhe oef�ea＀ wue qh oat��wana b{ a qwa＀�h{�ni
＀�o�tat�qn, tqbaeeq �tue＀h anf tqbaeeq rtqfwetu that rat�ent qt eatei�xet �n eqor＀�anee w�th th�u ueet�qn �u nqt
�ne＀wfe tqbaeeq anf ate �ntenfef qt ezreetef hqt uwb�eet tq et�o�na＀ qt e�x�＀ ＀�ab�＀�t{ qt uanet�qnu wnfet
hwoan wue qt eqnuwort�qn, �ne＀wf�ni, bwt nqt ＀�o�tef H＀qt�fa ＀aw0
tq, e�iatetteu, e�iatu, r�re tqbaeeq, anf uoq�e＀euu (2) A rh{u�e�an uha＀＀ nqt be uwb�eet tq et�o�na＀ qt e�x�＀
tqbaeeq0 Vhe ¬Vqbaeeq Sett＀eoent¹ oeanu that eetta�n ＀�ab�＀�t{ qt uanet�qnu wnfet H＀qt�fa ＀aw uq＀e＀{ hqt �uuw�ni
Sett＀eoent Aiteeoent fatef Awiwut 25, 3;;9, entetef a rh{u�e�an eett�h�eat�qn w�th teauqnab＀e eate tq a
�ntq �n uett＀eoent qh the eaue ut{＀ef au State of Florida, retuqn f�ainquef w�th a feb�＀�tat�ni oef�ea＀ eqnf�t�qn
et al. v. American Tobacco Company, et al., Eaue Pq0 �n eqor＀�anee w�th th�u ueet�qn0
65
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG Z

(5) Aet�qnu anf eqnfwet b{ a Mef�ea＀ Mat��wana t�u�u hqt the rat�ent, anf hqt hqw ＀qni the rh{u�e�an
Vteatoent Eentet tei�utetef w�th the Derattoent, qt �tu teeqooenfu the oef�ea＀ wue qh oat��wana hqt the
aientu qt eor＀q{eeu, anf �n eqor＀�anee w�th th�u rat�ent0 A rh{u�e�an eett�h�eat�qn oa{ qn＀{ be rtqx�fef
ueet�qn anf Derattoent teiw＀at�qnu, uha＀＀ nqt be ahtet the rh{u�e�an hau eqnfwetef a rh{u�ea＀ ezao�na/
uwb�eet tq et�o�na＀ qt e�x�＀ ＀�ab�＀�t{ qt uanet�qnu wnfet t�qn anf a hw＀＀ auueuuoent qh the oef�ea＀ h�utqt{ qh the
H＀qt�fa ＀aw0 rat�ent0 Kn qtfet hqt a rh{u�e�an eett�h�eat�qn tq be �uuwef
(b) DGHKPKVKQPS0 Hqt rwtrqueu qh th�u ueet�qn, tq a o�nqt, a ratent qt ＀eia＀ iwatf�an qh the o�nqt owut
the hq＀＀qw�ni wqtfu anf tetou uha＀＀ haxe the hq＀＀qw�ni eqnuent �n wt�t�ni0
oean�niu< (32) ¬Swa＀�h{�ni rat�ent¹ oeanu a retuqn whq hau
(3) ¬Deb�＀�tat�ni Mef�ea＀ Eqnf�t�qn¹ oeanu eaneet, been f�ainquef tq haxe a feb�＀�tat�ni oef�ea＀ eqnf�t�qn,
er�＀eru{, i＀aweqoa, rqu�t�xe utatwu hqt hwoan �oow/ whq hau a rh{u�e�an eett�h�eat�qn anf a xa＀�f qwa＀�h{�ni
nqfeh�e�ene{ x�twu (JKV), aeqw�tef �oowne feh�e�ene{ rat�ent �fent�h�eat�qn eatf0 Kh the Derattoent fqeu nqt
u{nftqoe (AKDS), rqut/ttawoat�e utteuu f�uqtfet bei�n �uuw�ni �fent�h�eat�qn eatfu w�th�n n�ne (;) oqnthu
(PVSD), ao{qttqrh�e ＀ateta＀ ue＀etqu�u (ANS), Etqhn'u ahtet the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u ueet�qn, then a xa＀�f
f�ueaue, Pat��nuqn'u f�ueaue, ow＀t�r＀e ue＀etqu�u, qt rh{u�e�an eett�h�eat�qn w�＀＀ uetxe au a rat�ent �fent�h�ea/
qthet feb�＀�tat�ni oef�ea＀ eqnf�t�qnu qh the uaoe ��nf t�qn eatf �n qtfet tq a＀＀qw a retuqn tq beeqoe a
qt e＀auu au qt eqoratab＀e tq thque enwoetatef, anf hqt ¬qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent¹ wnt�＀ the Derattoent bei�nu �uuw�ni
wh�eh a rh{u�e�an be＀�exeu that the oef�ea＀ wue qh �fent�h�eat�qn eatfu0
oat��wana wqw＀f ＀��e＀{ qwtwe�ih the rqtent�a＀ hea＀th (e) NKMKVAVKQPS0
t�u�u hqt a rat�ent0 (3) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn a＀＀qwu hqt a x�q＀at�qn qh
(2) ¬Derattoent¹ oeanu the Derattoent qh Jea＀th an{ ＀aw qthet than hqt eqnfwet �n eqor＀�anee w�th the
qt �tu uweeeuuqt aiene{0 rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u ueet�qn0
(5) ¬Kfent�h�eat�qn eatf¹ oeanu a fqewoent �uuwef (2) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ ahheet qt terea＀ ＀awu
b{ the Derattoent that �fent�h�eu a qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent qt a te＀at�ni tq nqn/oef�ea＀ wue, rquueuu�qn, rtqfwet�qn, qt
eatei�xet0 ua＀e qh oat��wana0
(6) ¬Mat��wana¹ hau the oean�ni i�xen eannab�u �n (5) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn awthqt�zeu the wue qh
Seet�qn 8;5022(5), H＀qt�fa Statwteu (2236), anf, �n oef�ea＀ oat��wana b{ an{qne qthet than a qwa＀�h{�ni
aff�t�qn, ¬Nqw/VJE eannab�u¹ au feh�nef �n Seet�qn rat�ent0
5830;88(3)(b), H＀qt�fa Statwteu (2236), uha＀＀ a＀uq be (6) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ reto�t the qretat�qn
�ne＀wfef �n the oean�ni qh the teto ¬oat��wana0¹ qh an{ xeh�e＀e, a�tetaht, tta�n qt bqat wh�＀e wnfet the
(5) ¬Mef�ea＀ Mat��wana Vteatoent Eentet¹ (MMVE) �nh＀wenee qh oat��wana0
oeanu an ent�t{ that aeqw�teu, ew＀t�xateu, rquueuueu, (5) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn teqw�teu the x�q＀at�qn qh
rtqeeuueu (�ne＀wf�ni fexe＀qroent qh te＀atef rtqfwetu hefeta＀ ＀aw qt rwtrqttu tq i�xe �oown�t{ wnfet hefeta＀
uweh au hqqf, t�netwteu, aetquq＀u, q�＀u, qt q�ntoentu), ＀aw0
ttanuhetu, ttanurqttu, ue＀＀u, f�utt�bwteu, f�urenueu, qt (8) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ teqw�te an{ aeeqo/
afo�n�utetu oat��wana, rtqfwetu eqnta�n�ni oat��wana, oqfat�qn qh an{ qn/u�te oef�ea＀ wue qh oat��wana �n an{
te＀atef uwrr＀�eu, qt efweat�qna＀ oatet�a＀u tq qwa＀�h{�ni eqtteet�qna＀ �nut�twt�qn qt fetent�qn hae�＀�t{ qt r＀aee qh
rat�entu qt the�t eatei�xetu anf �u tei�utetef b{ the efweat�qn qt eor＀q{oent, qt qh uoq��ni oef�ea＀
Derattoent0 oat��wana �n an{ rwb＀�e r＀aee0
(8) ¬Mef�ea＀ wue¹ oeanu the aeqw�u�t�qn, rquueu/ (9) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ teqw�te an{ hea＀th
u�qn, wue, fe＀�xet{, ttanuhet, qt afo�n�uttat�qn qh an �nuwtanee rtqx�fet qt an{ iqxetnoent aiene{ qt
aoqwnt qh oat��wana nqt �n eqnh＀�et w�th Derattoent awthqt�t{ tq te�obwtue an{ retuqn hqt ezrenueu te＀atef
tw＀eu, qt qh te＀atef uwrr＀�eu b{ a qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent qt tq the oef�ea＀ wue qh oat��wana0
eatei�xet hqt wue b{ the eatei�xet'u feu�inatef qwa＀�h{/ (8) Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ ahheet qt terea＀ ＀awu
�ni rat�ent hqt the tteatoent qh a feb�＀�tat�ni oef�ea＀ te＀at�ni tq nei＀�ienee qt rtqheuu�qna＀ oa＀rtaet�ee qn the
eqnf�t�qn0 ratt qh a qwa＀�h�ef rat�ent, eatei�xet, rh{u�e�an, MMVE,
(9) ¬Eatei�xet¹ oeanu a retuqn whq �u at ＀eaut qt �tu aientu qt eor＀q{eeu0
twent{/qne (23) {eatu q＀f whq hau aiteef tq auu�ut w�th (f) DWVKGS QH VJG DGPATVMGPV0 Vhe Deratt/
a qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent'u oef�ea＀ wue qh oat��wana anf hau oent uha＀＀ �uuwe teauqnab＀e teiw＀at�qnu neeeuuat{ hqt
qwa＀�h�ef hqt anf qbta�nef a eatei�xet �fent�h�eat�qn eatf the �or＀eoentat�qn anf enhqteeoent qh th�u ueet�qn0
�uuwef b{ the Derattoent0 Vhe Derattoent oa{ ＀�o�t Vhe rwtrque qh the teiw＀at�qnu �u tq enuwte the
the nwobet qh qwa＀�h{�ni rat�entu a eatei�xet oa{ auu�ut axa�＀ab�＀�t{ anf uahe wue qh oef�ea＀ oat��wana b{
at qne t�oe anf the nwobet qh eatei�xetu that a qwa＀�h{�ni rat�entu0 Kt �u the fwt{ qh the Derattoent tq
qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent oa{ haxe at qne t�oe0 Eatei�xetu rtqow＀iate teiw＀at�qnu �n a t�oe＀{ hauh�qn0
ate rtqh�b�tef htqo eqnuwo�ni oat��wana qbta�nef hqt (3) Kor＀eoent�ni Teiw＀at�qnu0 Kn qtfet tq a＀＀qw the
oef�ea＀ wue b{ the qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent0 Derattoent uwhh�e�ent t�oe ahtet rauuaie qh th�u ueet�qn,
(8) ¬Ph{u�e�an¹ oeanu a retuqn whq �u ＀�eenuef tq the hq＀＀qw�ni teiw＀at�qnu uha＀＀ be rtqow＀iatef nq ＀atet
rtaet�ee oef�e�ne �n H＀qt�fa0 than u�z (8) oqnthu ahtet the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u
(;) ¬Ph{u�e�an eett�h�eat�qn¹ oeanu a wt�tten fqew/ ueet�qn<
oent u�inef b{ a rh{u�e�an, utat�ni that �n the rh{u�/ a0 Ptqeefwteu hqt the �uuwanee anf annwa＀ tenewa＀
e�an'u rtqheuu�qna＀ qr�n�qn, the rat�ent uwhhetu htqo a qh qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent �fent�h�eat�qn eatfu tq reqr＀e w�th
feb�＀�tat�ni oef�ea＀ eqnf�t�qn, that the oef�ea＀ wue qh rh{u�e�an eett�h�eat�qnu anf utanfatfu hqt tenewa＀ qh
oat��wana wqw＀f ＀��e＀{ qwtwe�ih the rqtent�a＀ hea＀th uweh �fent�h�eat�qn eatfu0 Dehqte �uuw�ni an �fent�h�eat�qn
66
ATVKENG Z EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZK

eatf tq a o�nqt, the Derattoent owut teee�xe wt�tten eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte0 Vhe hw＀＀ tezt qh the �q�nt
eqnuent htqo the o�nqt'u ratent qt ＀eia＀ iwatf�an, �n teuq＀wt�qn anf the xqte qh eaeh oeobet xqt�ni uha＀＀ be
aff�t�qn tq the rh{u�e�an eett�h�eat�qn0 entetef qn the �qwtna＀ qh eaeh hqwue0
b0 Ptqeefwteu eutab＀�uh�ni qwa＀�h�eat�qnu anf utan/
fatfu hqt eatei�xetu, �ne＀wf�ni eqnfwet�ni arrtqrt�ate SGEVKQP 20 Tex�u�qn eqoo�uu�qn0´
bae�itqwnf ehee�u, anf rtqeefwteu hqt the �uuwanee (a) Y�th�n th�tt{ fa{u behqte the eqnxen�ni qh the
anf annwa＀ tenewa＀ qh eatei�xet �fent�h�eat�qn eatfu0 2239 teiw＀at ueuu�qn qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte, anf eaeh
e0 Ptqeefwteu hqt the tei�uttat�qn qh MMVEu that twent�eth {eat theteahtet, thete uha＀＀ be eutab＀�uhef a
�ne＀wfe rtqeefwteu hqt the �uuwanee, tenewa＀, uwuren/ eqnut�twt�qn tex�u�qn eqoo�uu�qn eqorquef qh the
u�qn anf texqeat�qn qh tei�uttat�qn, anf utanfatfu tq hq＀＀qw�ni th�tt{/uexen oeobetu<
enuwte rtqret ueewt�t{, teeqtf �eer�ni, teut�ni, ＀abe＀/ (3) the attqtne{ ieneta＀ qh the utate;
�ni, �nureet�qn, anf uahet{0 (2) h�hteen oeobetu ue＀eetef b{ the iqxetnqt;
f0 A teiw＀at�qn that feh�neu the aoqwnt qh oat��wa/ (5) n�ne oeobetu ue＀eetef b{ the urea�et qh the
na that eqw＀f teauqnab＀{ be rteuwoef tq be an hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu anf n�ne oeobetu ue＀eetef b{
afeqwate uwrr＀{ hqt qwa＀�h{�ni rat�entu' oef�ea＀ wue, the rteu�fent qh the uenate; anf
bauef qn the beut axa�＀ab＀e ex�fenee0 Vh�u rteuwort�qn
(6) thtee oeobetu ue＀eetef b{ the eh�eh �wut�ee qh
au tq qwant�t{ oa{ be qxeteqoe w�th ex�fenee qh a
the uwrteoe eqwtt qh H＀qt�fa w�th the afx�ee qh the
ratt�ew＀at qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent'u arrtqrt�ate oef�ea＀ wue0
�wut�eeu0
(2) Kfent�h�eat�qn eatfu anf tei�uttat�qnu0 Vhe De/
rattoent uha＀＀ bei�n �uuw�ni qwa＀�h{�ni rat�ent anf (b) Vhe iqxetnqt uha＀＀ feu�inate qne oeobet qh the
eatei�xet �fent�h�eat�qn eatfu, anf tei�utet�ni MMVEu eqoo�uu�qn au �tu eha�t0 Vaeane�eu �n the oeobetuh�r
nq ＀atet than n�ne (;) oqnthu ahtet the ehheet�xe fate qh qh the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be h�＀＀ef �n the uaoe oannet au
th�u ueet�qn0 the qt�i�na＀ arrq�ntoentu0
(5) Kh the Derattoent fqeu nqt �uuwe teiw＀at�qnu, qt �h (e) Gaeh eqnut�twt�qn tex�u�qn eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀
the Derattoent fqeu nqt bei�n �uuw�ni �fent�h�eat�qn eqnxene at the ea＀＀ qh �tu eha�t, afqrt �tu tw＀eu qh
eatfu anf tei�utet�ni MMVEu w�th�n the t�oe ＀�o�tu uet �n rtqeefwte, ezao�ne the eqnut�twt�qn qh the utate, hq＀f
th�u ueet�qn, an{ H＀qt�fa e�t�zen uha＀＀ haxe utanf�ni tq rwb＀�e heat�niu, anf, nqt ＀atet than qne hwnftef e�iht{
uee� �wf�e�a＀ te＀�eh tq eqore＀ eqor＀�anee w�th the fa{u rt�qt tq the nezt ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn, h�＀e w�th the
Derattoent'u eqnut�twt�qna＀ fwt�eu0 ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu �tu rtqrqua＀, �h an{, qh a
(6) Vhe Derattoent uha＀＀ rtqteet the eqnh�fent�a＀�t{ tex�u�qn qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn qt an{ ratt qh �t0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 3838, 3;88; afqrtef 3;88; Ao0 S0J0T0 232, 3;;8;
qh a＀＀ qwa＀�h{�ni rat�entu0 A＀＀ teeqtfu eqnta�n�ni the afqrtef 3;;8; Aou0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn
�fent�t{ qh qwa＀�h{�ni rat�entu uha＀＀ be eqnh�fent�a＀ anf Pqu0 8 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
�ert htqo rwb＀�e f�ue＀quwte qthet than hqt xa＀�f oef�ea＀
qt ＀aw enhqteeoent rwtrqueu0 SGEVKQP 50 Kn�t�at�xe0´Vhe rqwet tq rtqrque the
(e) NGGKSNAVKQP0 Pqth�ni �n th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ tex�u�qn qt aoenfoent qh an{ rqtt�qn qt rqtt�qnu qh th�u
＀�o�t the ＀ei�u＀atwte htqo enaet�ni ＀awu eqnu�utent w�th eqnut�twt�qn b{ �n�t�at�xe �u teuetxef tq the reqr＀e,
th�u ueet�qn0 rtqx�fef that, an{ uweh tex�u�qn qt aoenfoent, ezeert
(h) SGVGTADKNKVY0 Vhe rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u ueet�qn hqt thque ＀�o�t�ni the rqwet qh iqxetnoent tq ta�ue
ate uexetab＀e anf �h an{ e＀awue, uentenee, rataitarh qt texenwe, uha＀＀ eobtaee bwt qne uwb�eet anf oattet
ueet�qn qh th�u oeauwte, qt an arr＀�eat�qn theteqh, �u f�teet＀{ eqnneetef thetew�th0 Kt oa{ be �nxq�ef b{ h�＀�ni
af�wfief �nxa＀�f b{ a eqwtt qh eqoretent �wt�uf�et�qn w�th the ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu a ret�t�qn eqnta�n�ni
qthet rtqx�u�qnu uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe tq be �n ehheet tq the a eqr{ qh the rtqrquef tex�u�qn qt aoenfoent, u�inef
hw＀＀eut eztent rquu�b＀e0 b{ a nwobet qh e＀eetqtu �n eaeh qh qne ha＀h qh the
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State
Janwat{ ;, 2235; afqrtef 22380 eqniteuu�qna＀ f�utt�etu qh the utate, anf qh the utate au a
whq＀e, eqwa＀ tq e�iht reteent qh the xqteu eaut �n eaeh qh
ATVKENG ZK uweh f�utt�etu teureet�xe＀{ anf �n the utate au a whq＀e �n
the ＀aut rteeef�ni e＀eet�qn �n wh�eh rteu�fent�a＀ e＀eetqtu
AMGPDMGPVS wete ehquen0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 2855, 3;92; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef
w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Awiwut 5, 3;;5; afqrtef 3;;6; Ao0 rtqrquef b{
See0 Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh
State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80

30 Ptqrqua＀ b{ ＀ei�u＀atwte0
20 Tex�u�qn eqoo�uu�qn0 SGEVKQP 60 Eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn0´
50 Kn�t�at�xe0 (a) Vhe rqwet tq ea＀＀ a eqnxent�qn tq eqnu�fet a
60 Eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn0 tex�u�qn qh the ent�te eqnut�twt�qn �u teuetxef tq the
50 Aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn e＀eet�qn0 reqr＀e0 Kt oa{ be �nxq�ef b{ h�＀�ni w�th the ewutqf�an qh
80 Vazat�qn anf bwfiet tehqto eqoo�uu�qn0 utate teeqtfu a ret�t�qn, eqnta�n�ni a fee＀atat�qn that a
90 Vaz qt hee ＀�o�tat�qn0 eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn �u feu�tef, u�inef b{ a nwobet
qh e＀eetqtu �n eaeh qh qne ha＀h qh the eqniteuu�qna＀
SGEVKQP 30 Ptqrqua＀ b{ ＀ei�u＀atwte0´Aoenf/ f�utt�etu qh the utate, anf qh the utate au a whq＀e, eqwa＀ tq
oent qh a ueet�qn qt tex�u�qn qh qne qt oqte att�e＀eu, qt h�hteen ret eent qh the xqteu eaut �n eaeh uweh f�utt�et
the whq＀e, qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn oa{ be rtqrquef b{ �q�nt teureet�xe＀{ anf �n the utate au a whq＀e �n the ＀aut
teuq＀wt�qn aiteef tq b{ thtee/h�hthu qh the oeobetuh�r qh rteeef�ni e＀eet�qn qh rteu�fent�a＀ e＀eetqtu0
65
ATVKENG ZK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZK

(b) At the nezt ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn he＀f oqte than (a) Dei�nn�ni �n 2229 anf eaeh twent�eth {eat
n�net{ fa{u ahtet the h�＀�ni qh uweh ret�t�qn thete uha＀＀ be theteahtet, thete uha＀＀ be eutab＀�uhef a tazat�qn anf
uwbo�ttef tq the e＀eetqtu qh the utate the qweut�qn< ¬Sha＀＀ bwfiet tehqto eqoo�uu�qn eqorquef qh the hq＀＀qw�ni
a eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn be he＀fA¹ Kh a oa�qt�t{ xqt�ni oeobetu<
qn the qweut�qn xqteu �n the ahh�toat�xe, at the nezt (3) e＀exen oeobetu ue＀eetef b{ the iqxetnqt, nqne
uweeeef�ni ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn thete uha＀＀ be e＀eetef htqo qh whqo uha＀＀ be a oeobet qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte at the t�oe
eaeh terteuentat�xe f�utt�et a oeobet qh a eqnut�twt�qna＀ qh arrq�ntoent0
eqnxent�qn0 Qn the twent{/h�tut fa{ hq＀＀qw�ni that (2) uexen oeobetu ue＀eetef b{ the urea�et qh the
e＀eet�qn, the eqnxent�qn uha＀＀ u�t at the ear�ta＀, e＀eet hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu anf uexen oeobetu ue＀eetef
qhh�eetu, afqrt tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte, �wfie the e＀eet�qn qh b{ the rteu�fent qh the uenate, nqne qh whqo uha＀＀ be a
�tu oeobetuh�r, anf h�z a t�oe anf r＀aee hqt �tu hwtwte oeobet qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte at the t�oe qh arrq�ntoent0
oeet�niu0 Pqt ＀atet than n�net{ fa{u behqte the nezt
(5) hqwt nqn/xqt�ni ez qhh�e�q oeobetu, a＀＀ qh whqo
uweeeef�ni ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn, the eqnxent�qn uha＀＀ eawue
tq be h�＀ef w�th the ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu an{ uha＀＀ be oeobetu qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte at the t�oe qh
tex�u�qn qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn rtqrquef b{ �t0 arrq�ntoent0 Vwq qh theue oeobetu, qne qh whqo uha＀＀
J�utqt{0´Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8, be a oeobet qh the o�nqt�t{ ratt{ �n the hqwue qh
3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 terteuentat�xeu, uha＀＀ be ue＀eetef b{ the urea�et qh the
hqwue qh terteuentat�xeu, anf twq qh theue oeobetu,
SGEVKQP 50 Aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn e＀eet�qn0 qne qh whqo uha＀＀ be a oeobet qh the o�nqt�t{ ratt{ �n
(a) A rtqrquef aoenfoent tq qt tex�u�qn qh th�u the uenate, uha＀＀ be ue＀eetef b{ the rteu�fent qh the
eqnut�twt�qn, qt an{ ratt qh �t, uha＀＀ be uwbo�ttef tq the uenate0
e＀eetqtu at the nezt ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn he＀f oqte than (b) Vaeane�eu �n the oeobetuh�r qh the eqoo�uu�qn
n�net{ fa{u ahtet the �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn qt terqtt qh tex�u�qn uha＀＀ be h�＀＀ef �n the uaoe oannet au the qt�i�na＀
eqoo�uu�qn, eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn qt tazat�qn anf
arrq�ntoentu0
bwfiet tehqto eqoo�uu�qn rtqrqu�ni �t �u h�＀ef w�th the
ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu, wn＀euu, rwtuwant tq ＀aw (e) At �tu �n�t�a＀ oeet�ni, the oeobetu qh the
enaetef b{ the ahh�toat�xe xqte qh thtee/hqwtthu qh the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ e＀eet a oeobet whq �u nqt a oeobet
oeobetuh�r qh eaeh hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte anf ＀�o�tef qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte tq uetxe au eha�t anf the eqoo�uu�qn
tq a u�ni＀e aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn, �t �u uwbo�ttef at an uha＀＀ afqrt �tu tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte0 Vheteahtet, the
eat＀�et uree�a＀ e＀eet�qn he＀f oqte than n�net{ fa{u ahtet eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ eqnxene at the ea＀＀ qh the eha�t0 An
uweh h�＀�ni0 ahh�toat�xe xqte qh twq th�tfu qh the hw＀＀ eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀
(b) A rtqrquef aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn qh th�u be neeeuuat{ hqt an{ tex�u�qn qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn qt an{
eqnut�twt�qn, qt an{ ratt qh �t, b{ �n�t�at�xe uha＀＀ be ratt qh �t tq be rtqrquef b{ the eqoo�uu�qn0
uwbo�ttef tq the e＀eetqtu at the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn (f) Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ ezao�ne the utate bwfiet/
rtqx�fef the �n�t�at�xe ret�t�qn �u h�＀ef w�th the ewutqf�an at{ rtqeeuu, the texenwe neefu anf ezrenf�twte
qh utate teeqtfu nq ＀atet than Hebtwat{ 3 qh the {eat �n rtqeeuueu qh the utate, the arrtqrt�ateneuu qh the taz
wh�eh the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn �u he＀f0 uttwetwte qh the utate, anf iqxetnoenta＀ rtqfwet�x�t{
(e) Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ rtqx�fe b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, rt�qt anf ehh�e�ene{; tex�ew rq＀�e{ au �t te＀ateu tq the ab�＀�t{ qh
tq the hq＀f�ni qh an e＀eet�qn rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn, hqt utate anf ＀qea＀ iqxetnoent tq taz anf afeqwate＀{ hwnf
the rtqx�u�qn qh a utateoent tq the rwb＀�e teiatf�ni the iqxetnoenta＀ qretat�qnu anf ear�ta＀ hae�＀�t�eu teqw�tef
rtqbab＀e h�nane�a＀ �oraet qh an{ aoenfoent rtqrquef tq oeet the utate'u neefu fwt�ni the nezt twent{ {eat
b{ �n�t�at�xe rwtuwant tq ueet�qn 50 ret�qf; feteto�ne oethqfu haxqtef b{ the e�t�zenu qh the
(f) Qnee �n the tenth wee�, anf qnee �n the u�zth utate tq hwnf the neefu qh the utate, �ne＀wf�ni a＀tetnat�xe
wee� �ooef�ate＀{ rteeef�ni the wee� �n wh�eh the oethqfu hqt ta�u�ni uwhh�e�ent texenweu hqt the neefu qh
e＀eet�qn �u he＀f, the rtqrquef aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn, the utate; feteto�ne oeauwteu that eqw＀f be �nut�twtef tq
w�th nqt�ee qh the fate qh e＀eet�qn at wh�eh �t w�＀＀ be ehheet�xe＀{ iathet hwnfu htqo ez�ut�ni taz uqwteeu;
uwbo�ttef tq the e＀eetqtu, uha＀＀ be rwb＀�uhef �n qne ezao�ne eqnut�twt�qna＀ ＀�o�tat�qnu qn tazat�qn anf ez/
newuraret qh ieneta＀ e�tew＀at�qn �n eaeh eqwnt{ �n renf�twteu at the utate anf ＀qea＀ ＀exe＀; anf tex�ew the
wh�eh a newuraret �u rwb＀�uhef0 utate'u eqortehenu�xe r＀ann�ni, bwfiet�ni anf neefu
(e) Wn＀euu qthetw�ue uree�h�ea＀＀{ rtqx�fef hqt e＀ue/ auueuuoent rtqeeuueu tq feteto�ne whethet the teuw＀t/
whete �n th�u eqnut�twt�qn, �h the rtqrquef aoenfoent qt �ni �nhqtoat�qn afeqwate＀{ uwrrqttu a uttatei�e fee�/
tex�u�qn �u arrtqxef b{ xqte qh at ＀eaut u�zt{ reteent qh u�qnoa��ni rtqeeuu0
the e＀eetqtu xqt�ni qn the oeauwte, �t uha＀＀ be ehheet�xe (e) Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ hq＀f rwb＀�e heat�niu au �t
au an aoenfoent tq qt tex�u�qn qh the eqnut�twt�qn qh the
feeou neeeuuat{ tq eatt{ qwt �tu teurqnu�b�＀�t�eu wnfet
utate qn the h�tut Vweufa{ ahtet the h�tut Mqnfa{ �n
th�u ueet�qn0 Vhe eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ �uuwe a terqtt qh the
Janwat{ hq＀＀qw�ni the e＀eet�qn, qt qn uweh qthet fate au
oa{ be uree�h�ef �n the aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn0 teuw＀tu qh the tex�ew eatt�ef qwt, anf rtqrque tq the
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 3838, 3;88; afqrtef 3;88; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn ＀ei�u＀atwte an{ teeqooenfef utatwtqt{ ehanieu te＀atef
Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, tq the tazat�qn qt bwfietat{ ＀awu qh the utate0 Pqt ＀atet
3;;8; afqrtef 3;;8; Ao0 J0J0T0 593, 2223; afqrtef 2222; Ao0 S0J0T0 25;6, 2226;
afqrtef 2226; Ao0 J0J0T0 3925, 2225; afqrtef 22280 than qne hwnftef e�iht{ fa{u rt�qt tq the ieneta＀
e＀eet�qn �n the ueeqnf {eat hq＀＀qw�ni the {eat �n wh�eh
SGEVKQP 80 Vazat�qn anf bwfiet tehqto eqo/ the eqoo�uu�qn �u eutab＀�uhef, the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ h�＀e
o�uu�qn0´ w�th the ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu �tu rtqrqua＀, �h an{, qh
68
ATVKENG ZK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

a tex�u�qn qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn qt an{ ratt qh �t fea＀�ni w�th See0

tazat�qn qt the utate bwfietat{ rtqeeuu0
J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 3838, 3;88; afqrtef 3;88; Aou0 rtqrquef b{ 280 Ptqrett{ taz ezeort�qn anf e＀auu�h�eat�qn anf
Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pqu0 8 anf 35, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the
Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 auueuuoent qh ＀anf wuef hqt eqnuetxat�qn
rwtrqueu0
SGEVKQP 90 Vaz qt hee ＀�o�tat�qn0´Pqtw�thutanf/ 2;0 N�o�tat�qn qn the auueuuef xa＀we qh tea＀ rtqrett{
�ni Att�e＀e Z, Seet�qn 32(f) qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn, nq new wuef hqt teu�fent�a＀ rwtrqueu0
State taz qt hee uha＀＀ be �orquef qn qt ahtet Pqxeobet 520 Auueuuoent qh wqt��ni watethtqnt rtqrett{0
8, 3;;6 b{ an{ aoenfoent tq th�u eqnut�twt�qn wn＀euu 530 Aff�t�qna＀ af xa＀qteo taz ezeort�qn hqt eetta�n
the rtqrquef aoenfoent �u arrtqxef b{ nqt hewet than oeobetu qh the atoef hqteeu fer＀q{ef qn
twq/th�tfu qh the xqtetu xqt�ni �n the e＀eet�qn �n wh�eh aet�xe fwt{ qwtu�fe qh the Wn�tef Stateu0
520 Vetetanu f�uab＀ef fwe tq eqobat �n�wt{; hqoe/
uweh rtqrquef aoenfoent �u eqnu�fetef0 Hqt rwtrqueu
uteaf rtqrett{ taz f�ueqwnt0
qh th�u ueet�qn, the rhtaue ¬new State taz qt hee¹ uha＀＀
550 Af xa＀qteo taz te＀�eh hqt uwtx�x�ni urqwueu qh
oean an{ taz qt hee wh�eh wqw＀f rtqfwee texenwe xetetanu whq f�ef htqo uetx�ee/eqnneetef
uwb�eet tq ＀wor uwo qt qthet arrtqrt�at�qn b{ the eawueu anf h�tut teurqnfetu whq f�ef �n the
Nei�u＀atwte, e�thet hqt the State ieneta＀ texenwe hwnf ＀�ne qh fwt{0
qt an{ ttwut hwnf, wh�eh taz qt hee �u nqt �n ehheet qn 560 Sq＀at fex�eeu qt tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fe/
Pqxeobet 9, 3;;6 �ne＀wf�ni w�thqwt ＀�o�tat�qn uweh x�eeu; ezeort�qn htqo eetta�n tazat�qn anf
tazeu anf heeu au ate the uwb�eet qh rtqrquef eqnut�tw/ auueuuoent0
t�qna＀ aoenfoentu arreat�ni qn the ba＀＀qt qn Pqxeo/ 550 Vaz ezeort�qn hqt tqta＀＀{ anf retoanent＀{ f�u/
bet 8, 3;;60 Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ arr＀{ tq rtqrquef ab＀ef h�tut teurqnfetu0
eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoentu te＀at�ni tq State tazeu qt 580 Aff�t�qna＀ af xa＀qteo ezeort�qn hqt retuqnu aie
heeu wh�eh arreat qn the Pqxeobet 8, 3;;6 ba＀＀qt, qt u�zt{/h�xe qt q＀fet0
＀atet ba＀＀qtu, anf an{ uweh rtqrquef aoenfoent wh�eh
ha�＀u tq ia�n the twq/th�tfu xqte teqw�tef heteb{ uha＀＀ be SGEVKQP 30 Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885 uwretuefef0
nw＀＀, xq�f anf w�thqwt ehheet0 Att�e＀eu K thtqwih KV, VKK, anf KZ thtqwih ZZ qh the
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Kn�t�at�xe Pet�t�qn h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Mateh Eqnut�twt�qn qh H＀qt�fa afqrtef �n 3885, au aoenfef
33, 3;;6; afqrtef 3;;80
htqo t�oe tq t�oe, ate uwretuefef b{ th�u tex�u�qn
ATVKENG ZKK ezeert thque ueet�qnu ezrteuu＀{ teta�nef anf oafe a
ratt qh th�u tex�u�qn b{ tehetenee0
SEJGDWNG
SGEVKQP 20 Ptqrett{ tazeu; o�＀＀aieu0´Vaz
See0 o�＀＀aieu awthqt�zef �n eqwnt�eu, own�e�ra＀�t�eu anf
uree�a＀ f�utt�etu, qn the fate th�u tex�u�qn beeqoeu
30 Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885 uwretuefef0 ehheet�xe, oa{ be eqnt�nwef wnt�＀ tefweef b{ ＀aw0
20 Ptqrett{ tazeu; o�＀＀aieu0
50 Qhh�eetu tq eqnt�nwe �n qhh�ee0 SGEVKQP 50 Qhh�eetu tq eqnt�nwe �n qhh�ee0´
60 State eqoo�uu�qnet qh efweat�qn0 Gxet{ retuqn hq＀f�ni qhh�ee when th�u tex�u�qn beeqoeu
50 Swret�ntenfent qh uehqq＀u0 ehheet�xe uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe �n qhh�ee hqt the teoa�nfet qh the
80 Nawu rteuetxef0 teto �h that qhh�ee �u nqt abq＀�uhef0 Kh the qhh�ee �u
90 T�ihtu teuetxef0 abq＀�uhef the �newobent uha＀＀ be ra�f afeqwate eqo/
80 Pwb＀�e febtu teeqin�zef0 renuat�qn, tq be h�zef b{ ＀aw, hqt the ＀quu qh eoq＀woentu
;0 Dqnfu0 hqt the teoa�nfet qh the teto0
320 Pteuetxat�qn qh ez�ut�ni iqxetnoent0
330 De＀et�qn qh qbuq＀ete uehefw＀e �teou0 SGEVKQP 60 State eqoo�uu�qnet qh efweat�qn0
320 Senatqtu0 Vhe utate uwret�ntenfent qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn �n qhh�ee
350 Nei�u＀at�xe arrqtt�qnoent0 qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u tex�u�qn uha＀＀ beeqoe anf,
360 Terteuentat�xeu; tetou0 hqt the teoa�nfet qh the teto be�ni uetxef, uha＀＀ be the
350 Sree�a＀ f�utt�et tazeu0 eqoo�uu�qnet qh efweat�qn0
380 Teqtian�zat�qn0
390 Eqnh＀�et�ni rtqx�u�qnu0
SGEVKQP 50 Swret�ntenfent qh uehqq＀u0´
380 Dqnfu hqt hqwu�ni anf te＀atef hae�＀�t�eu0
3;0 Tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee rtqrett{0 (a) Qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u tex�u�qn the eqwnt{
220 Aeeeuu tq rwb＀�e teeqtfu0 uwret�ntenfent qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn qh eaeh eqwnt{ uha＀＀
230 State texenwe ＀�o�tat�qn0 beeqoe anf, hqt the teoa�nfet qh the teto be�ni uetxef,
220 J�utqt�e rtqrett{ ezeort�qn anf auueuuoent0 uha＀＀ be the uwret�ntenfent qh uehqq＀u qh that f�utt�et0
250 H�uh anf w�＀f＀�he eqnuetxat�qn eqoo�uu�qn0 (b) Vhe oethqf qh ue＀eet�qn qh the eqwnt{ uwret/
260 Gzeewt�xe btaneh tehqto0 �ntenfent qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn qh eaeh eqwnt{, au
250 Sehefw＀e tq Att�e＀e V aoenfoent0 rtqx�fef b{ qt wnfet the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au
280 Kneteauef hqoeuteaf ezeort�qn0 aoenfef, uha＀＀ arr＀{ tq the ue＀eet�qn qh the f�utt�et
290 Ptqrett{ taz ezeort�qnu anf ＀�o�tat�qnu qn rtqr/ uwret�ntenfent qh uehqq＀u wnt�＀ ehanief au hete�n
ett{ taz auueuuoentu0 rtqx�fef0
69
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

SGEVKQP 80 Nawu rteuetxef0´ eztent neeeuuat{ tq eqor＀{ w�th a＀＀ qb＀�iat�qnu tq qt hqt
(a) A＀＀ ＀awu �n ehheet wrqn the afqrt�qn qh th�u the beneh�t qh hq＀fetu qh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �uuwef
tex�u�qn, tq the eztent nqt �neqnu�utent w�th �t, uha＀＀ behqte the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenfoent qt an{
teoa�n �n hqtee wnt�＀ the{ ezr�te b{ the�t tetou qt ate tehwnf�niu theteqh wh�eh ate ueewtef b{ uweh itquu
terea＀ef0 teee�rtu tazeu0 Pq bqnfu qt qthet qb＀�iat�qnu oa{ be
(b) A＀＀ utatwteu wh�eh, wnfet the Eqnut�twt�qn qh �uuwef rwtuwant tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh 5Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn
3885, au aoenfef, arr＀{ tq the utate uwret�ntenfent 3;, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, bwt th�u
qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn anf thque wh�eh arr＀{ tq the eqwnt{ rtqx�u�qn uha＀＀ nqt be eqnuttwef tq rtexent the tehwnf�ni
uwret�ntenfent qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn uha＀＀ wnfet th�u qh an{ uweh qwtutanf�ni bqnfu qt qb＀�iat�qnu rwtuwant
tex�u�qn arr＀{, teureet�xe＀{, tq the utate eqoo�uu�qnet tq the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u uwbueet�qn (a)(2)0
qh efweat�qn anf the f�utt�et uwret�ntenfent qh uehqq＀u0 Swb�eet tq the teqw�teoentu qh the h�tut rataitarh qh
th�u uwbueet�qn (a)(2), bei�nn�ni Jw＀{ 3, 3;95, a＀＀ qh the
SGEVKQP 90 T�ihtu teuetxef0´ rtqeeefu qh the texenweu fet�xef htqo the itquu
(a) A＀＀ aet�qnu, t�ihtu qh aet�qn, e＀a�ou, eqnttaetu anf teee�rtu tazeu eq＀＀eetef htqo exet{ retuqn, �ne＀wf�ni
qb＀�iat�qnu qh �nf�x�fwa＀u, eqtrqtat�qnu anf rwb＀�e own�e�ra＀�t�eu, au rtqx�fef anf ＀ex�ef rwtuwant tq the
bqf�eu qt aiene�eu ez�ut�ni qn the fate th�u tex�u�qn rtqx�u�qnu qh ehartet 225, H＀qt�fa Statwteu, au uweh
beeqoeu ehheet�xe uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe tq be xa＀�f au �h th�u ehartet �u aoenfef htqo t�oe tq t�oe, uha＀＀, au
tex�u�qn haf nqt been afqrtef0 A＀＀ tazeu, rena＀t�eu, eq＀＀eetef, be r＀aeef �n a ttwut hwnf tq be �nqwn au
h�neu anf hqthe�twteu qw�ni tq the utate wnfet the the ¬rwb＀�e efweat�qn ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ anf febt uetx�ee
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, uha＀＀ �nwte tq the ttwut hwnf¹ �n the utate tteauwt{ (hete�nahtet tehettef tq
utate wnfet th�u tex�u�qn, anf a＀＀ uenteneeu au rwn�uh/ au ¬ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ hwnf¹), anf wuef qn＀{ au rtqx�fef
oent hqt et�oe uha＀＀ be ezeewtef aeeqtf�ni tq the�t hete�n0
tetou0 Vhe ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ hwnf uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef b{ the
(b) Vh�u tex�u�qn uha＀＀ nqt be tettqaet�xe uq au tq utate bqatf qh efweat�qn au eteatef anf eqnut�twtef b{
eteate an{ t�iht qt ＀�ab�＀�t{ wh�eh f�f nqt ez�ut wnfet the Seet�qn 2 qh Att�e＀e KZ qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh H＀qt�fa au
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, bauef wrqn oattetu tex�uef �n 3;88 (hete�nahtet tehettef tq au ¬utate
qeewtt�ni rt�qt tq the afqrt�qn qh th�u tex�u�qn0 bqatf¹), qt b{ uweh qthet �nuttwoenta＀�t{ qh the utate
wh�eh uha＀＀ heteahtet uweeeef b{ ＀aw tq the rqwetu,
SGEVKQP 80 Pwb＀�e febtu teeqin�zef0´A＀＀ fwt�eu anf hwnet�qnu qh the utate bqatf, �ne＀wf�ni the
bqnfu, texenwe eett�h�eateu, texenwe bqnfu anf taz rqwetu, fwt�eu anf hwnet�qnu qh the utate bqatf rtqx�fef
ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu �uuwef rwtuwant tq the Eqnut�/ �n th�u uwbueet�qn (a)(2)0 Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ be a bqf{
twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef b{ the utate, an{ aiene{, eqtrqtate anf uha＀＀ haxe a＀＀ the rqwetu rtqx�fef hete�n
rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qn qt rwb＀�e eqtrqtat�qn qh the utate �n aff�t�qn tq a＀＀ qthet eqnut�twt�qna＀ anf utatwtqt{
uha＀＀ teoa�n �n hw＀＀ hqtee anf ehheet anf uha＀＀ be ueewtef rqwetu te＀atef tq the rwtrqueu qh th�u uwbueet�qn
b{ the uaoe uqwteeu qh texenwe au behqte the afqrt�qn (a)(2) hetetqhqte qt heteahtet eqnhettef b{ ＀aw wrqn
qh th�u tex�u�qn, anf, tq the eztent neeeuuat{ tq the utate bqatf, qt �tu rtefeeeuuqt eteatef b{ the
ehheetwate th�u ueet�qn, the arr＀�eab＀e rtqx�u�qnu qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef0
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, ate teta�nef au a ratt State bqnfu r＀efi�ni the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the
qh th�u tex�u�qn wnt�＀ ra{oent �n hw＀＀ qh theue rwb＀�e utate oa{ be �uuwef, w�thqwt a xqte qh the e＀eetqtu, b{
ueewt�t�eu0 the utate bqatf rwtuwant tq ＀aw tq h�nanee qt teh�nanee
ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu thetetqhqte awthqt�zef b{ the ＀ei�u＀a/
SGEVKQP ;0 Dqnfu0´ twte, anf an{ rwtrqueu arrwttenant qt �ne�fenta＀ thete/
(a) ADDKVKQPAN SGEWTKVKGS0 tq, hqt the utate u{uteo qh rwb＀�e efweat�qn rtqx�fef hqt
(3) 3Att�e＀e KZ, Seet�qn 39, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh �n Seet�qn 3 qh Att�e＀e KZ qh th�u Eqnut�twt�qn (hete�nahtet
3885, au aoenfef, au �t ez�utef �ooef�ate＀{ behqte th�u tehettef tq au ¬utate u{uteo¹), �ne＀wf�ni bwt nqt ＀�o�tef tq
Eqnut�twt�qn, au tex�uef �n 3;88, beeaoe ehheet�xe, �u �nut�twt�qnu qh h�ihet ＀eatn�ni, eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eieu,
afqrtef b{ th�u tehetenee au a ratt qh th�u tex�u�qn au xqeat�qna＀ teehn�ea＀ uehqq＀u, qt rwb＀�e uehqq＀u, au
eqor＀ete＀{ au thqwih �neqtrqtatef hete�n xetbat�o, nqw feh�nef qt au oa{ heteahtet be feh�nef b{ ＀aw0
ezeert texenwe bqnfu, texenwe eett�h�eateu qt qthet A＀＀ uweh bqnfu uha＀＀ oatwte nqt ＀atet than th�tt{ {eatu
ex�feneeu qh �nfebtefneuu heteahtet �uuwef thetewnfet ahtet the fate qh �uuwanee theteqh0 A＀＀ qthet feta�＀u qh
oa{ be �uuwef b{ the aiene{ qh the utate uq awthqt�zef uweh bqnfu uha＀＀ be au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw qt b{ the
b{ ＀aw0 rtqeeef�niu awthqt�z�ni uweh bqnfu; rtqx�fef, hqw/
(2) Vhat rqtt�qn qh 2Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn ;, Swbueet�qn exet, that nq bqnfu, ezeert tehwnf�ni bqnfu, uha＀＀ be
(a) qh th�u Eqnut�twt�qn, au aoenfef, wh�eh b{ tehetenee �uuwef, anf nq rtqeeefu uha＀＀ be ezrenfef hqt the equt
afqrtef 5Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn 3; qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh qh an{ ear�ta＀ rtq�eet, wn＀euu uweh rtq�eet hau been
3885, au aoenfef, au the uaoe ez�utef �ooef�ate＀{ awthqt�zef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte0
behqte the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenfoent �u afqrtef Dqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u uwbueet�qn (a)(2) uha＀＀
b{ th�u tehetenee au ratt qh th�u tex�u�qn au eqor＀ete＀{ be rt�oat�＀{ ra{ab＀e htqo uweh texenweu fet�xef htqo
au thqwih �neqtrqtatef hete�n xetbat�o, hqt the rwtrque itquu teee�rtu tazeu, anf uha＀＀ be aff�t�qna＀＀{ ueewtef
qh rtqx�f�ni that ahtet the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenf/ b{ the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the utate0 Pq uweh bqnfu
oent a＀＀ qh the rtqeeefu qh the texenweu fet�xef htqo uha＀＀ exet be �uuwef �n an aoqwnt ezeeef�ni n�net{
the itquu teee�rtu tazeu, au thete�n feh�nef, eq＀＀eetef �n reteent qh the aoqwnt wh�eh the utate bqatf feteto�neu
eaeh {eat uha＀＀ be arr＀�ef au rtqx�fef thete�n tq the ean be uetx�eef b{ the texenweu fet�xef htqo the itquu
68
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

teee�rtu tazeu aeetw�ni theteahtet wnfet the rtqx�u�qnu (6) Swb�eet tq the teqw�teoentu qh rataitarh (2) qh
qh th�u uwbueet�qn (a)(2), anf uweh feteto�nat�qn uha＀＀ th�u uwbueet�qn anf ahtet ra{oent qh afo�n�uttat�xe
be eqne＀wu�xe0 ezrenueu, the ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹ uha＀＀ be a＀＀qeatef tq the
Vhe oqne{u �n the ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ hwnf �n eaeh h�uea＀ aeeqwnt qh eaeh qh the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu �n the aoqwntu
{eat uha＀＀ be wuef qn＀{ hqt the hq＀＀qw�ni rwtrqueu anf �n tq be feteto�nef au hq＀＀qwu< Vhete uha＀＀ be an �n�t�a＀
the hq＀＀qw�ni qtfet qh rt�qt�t{< a＀＀qeat�qn qh qne/hqwtth �n the tat�q qh eqwnt{ atea tq
a0 Hqt the ra{oent qh the rt�ne�ra＀ qh anf �nteteut utate atea, qne/hqwtth �n the tat�q qh the tqta＀ eqwnt{
qn an{ bqnfu fwe �n uweh h�uea＀ {eat; rqrw＀at�qn tq the tqta＀ rqrw＀at�qn qh the utate �n
b0 Hqt the ferqu�t �ntq an{ teuetxe hwnfu rtqx�fef aeeqtfanee w�th the ＀ateut axa�＀ab＀e hefeta＀ eenuwu,
hqt �n the rtqeeef�niu awthqt�z�ni the �uuwanee qh bqnfu anf qne/ha＀h �n the tat�q qh the tqta＀ ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹
qh an{ aoqwntu teqw�tef tq be ferqu�tef �n uweh teuetxe eq＀＀eetef qn teta�＀ ua＀eu qt wue �n eaeh eqwnt{ tq the tqta＀
hwnfu �n uweh h�uea＀ {eat; eq＀＀eetef �n a＀＀ eqwnt�eu qh the utate fwt�ni the rtex�qwu
e0 Hqt f�teet ra{oent qh the equt qt an{ ratt qh the h�uea＀ {eat0 Kh the annwa＀ febt uetx�ee teqw�teoentu qh
equt qh an{ ear�ta＀ rtq�eet hqt the utate u{uteo thete/ an{ qb＀�iat�qnu �uuwef hqt an{ eqwnt{, �ne＀wf�ni an{
tqhqte awthqt�zef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte, qt hqt the rwtehaue feh�e�ene�eu hqt rt�qt {eatu, ueewtef wnfet rataitarh
qt tefeort�qn qh qwtutanf�ni bqnfu �n aeeqtfanee w�th (2) qh th�u uwbueet�qn, ezeeefu the aoqwnt wh�eh wqw＀f
the rtqx�u�qnu qh the rtqeeef�niu wh�eh awthqt�zef the be a＀＀qeatef tq that eqwnt{ wnfet the hqtow＀a uet qwt �n
�uuwanee qh uweh bqnfu, qt hqt the rwtrque qh oa�n/ th�u rataitarh, the aoqwntu a＀＀qeatef tq qthet eqwnt�eu
ta�n�ni, teutqt�ni, qt tera�t�ni ez�ut�ni rwb＀�e efwea/ uha＀＀ be tefweef rtqrqtt�qnate＀{0
t�qna＀ hae�＀�t�eu0 (5) Hwnfu a＀＀qeatef wnfet rataitarhu (2) anf (6) qh
(b) TGHWPDKPG DQPDS0 Texenwe bqnfu tq h�/ th�u uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef b{ the utate bqatf
nanee the equt qh utate ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu �uuwef rt�qt tq qh afo�n�uttat�qn eteatef wnfet Att�e＀e KV, Seet�qn 60
the fate th�u tex�u�qn beeqoeu ehheet�xe, �ne＀wf�ni Vhe bqatf uha＀＀ teo�t the rtqeeefu qh the ¬ueeqnf iau
rtq�eetu qh the H＀qt�fa utate twtnr��e awthqt�t{ qt �tu taz¹ �n eaeh eqwnt{ aeeqwnt hqt wue �n ua�f eqwnt{ au
uweeeuuqt bwt eze＀wf�ni a＀＀ rqtt�qnu qh the utate h�ihwa{ hq＀＀qwu< e�iht{ ret eent tq the utate aiene{ uwretx�u�ni
u{uteo, oa{ be tehwnfef au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw w�thqwt the utate tqaf u{uteo anf twent{ ret eent tq the
xqte qh the e＀eetqtu at a ＀qwet net axetaie �nteteut equt iqxetn�ni bqf{ qh the eqwnt{0 Vhe reteentaie a＀＀qeatef
tq the eqwnt{ oa{ be �neteauef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 Vhe
tate b{ the �uuwanee qh bqnfu oatwt�ni nqt ＀atet than the
rtqeeefu qh the ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹ uwb�eet tq a＀＀qeat�qn tq
qb＀�iat�qnu tehwnfef, ueewtef b{ the uaoe texenweu
the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu wnfet th�u rataitarh (5) uha＀＀ be
qn＀{0
wuef h�tut, hqt the ra{oent qh qb＀�iat�qnu r＀efi�ni
(e) MQVQT VGJKENG HWGN VAZGS0
texenweu a＀＀qeatef rwtuwant tq 6Att�e＀e KZ, Seet�qn 38,
(3) A utate taz, feu�inatef ¬ueeqnf iau taz,¹ qh twq qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, anf an{
eentu ret ia＀＀qn wrqn iauq＀�ne anf qthet ＀��e rtqfwetu tehwnf�niu theteqh; ueeqnf, hqt the ra{oent qh febt
qh rettq＀ewo anf an eqw�xa＀ent taz wrqn qthet uqwteeu uetx�ee qn bqnfu �uuwef au rtqx�fef b{ th�u rataitarh
qh eneti{ wuef tq rtqre＀ oqtqt xeh�e＀eu au ＀ex�ef b{ (5) tq h�nanee the aeqw�u�t�qn anf eqnuttwet�qn qh tqafu
6Att�e＀e KZ, Seet�qn 38, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au
au feh�nef b{ ＀aw; anf th�tf, hqt the aeqw�u�t�qn anf
aoenfef, �u heteb{ eqnt�nwef0 Vhe rtqeeefu qh ua�f taz eqnuttwet�qn qh tqafu anf hqt tqaf oa�ntenanee au
uha＀＀ be r＀aeef oqnth＀{ �n the utate tqafu f�utt�bwt�qn awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw0 Yhen awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, utate bqnfu
hwnf �n the utate tteauwt{0 r＀efi�ni the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the utate oa{ be
(2) 6Att�e＀e KZ, Seet�qn 38, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh �uuwef w�thqwt an{ e＀eet�qn< (�) tq tehwnf qb＀�iat�qnu
3885, au aoenfef, �u afqrtef b{ th�u tehetenee au a ueewtef b{ an{ rqtt�qn qh the ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹ a＀＀qeatef
ratt qh th�u tex�u�qn au eqor＀ete＀{ au thqwih �neqtrq/ tq a eqwnt{ wnfet 6Att�e＀e KZ, Seet�qn 38, qh the
tatef hete�n xetbat�o hqt the rwtrque qh rtqx�f�ni that Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef; (��) tq h�nanee the
ahtet the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u tex�u�qn the rtqeeefu qh aeqw�u�t�qn anf eqnuttwet�qn qh tqafu �n a eqwnt{ when
the ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹ au tehettef tq thete�n uha＀＀ be arrtqxef b{ the iqxetn�ni bqf{ qh the eqwnt{ anf the
a＀＀qeatef aoqni the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu �n aeeqtfanee utate aiene{ uwretx�u�ni the utate tqaf u{uteo; anf (���)
w�th the hqtow＀a utatef thete�n tq the eztent neeeuuat{ tq tehwnf qb＀�iat�qnu ueewtef b{ an{ rqtt�qn qh the
tq eqor＀{ w�th a＀＀ qb＀�iat�qnu tq qt hqt the beneh�t qh ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹ a＀＀qeatef wnfet rataitarh ;(e)(6)0 Pq
hq＀fetu qh bqnfu, texenwe eett�h�eateu anf taz ant�e�ra/ uweh bqnfu uha＀＀ be �uuwef wn＀euu a utate h�uea＀ aiene{
t�qn eett�h�eateu qt an{ tehwnf�niu theteqh ueewtef b{ eteatef b{ ＀aw hau oafe a feteto�nat�qn that �n nq
an{ rqtt�qn qh the ¬ueeqnf iau taz0¹ utate h�uea＀ {eat w�＀＀ the febt uetx�ee teqw�teoentu qh the
(5) Pq hwnfu ant�e�ratef tq be a＀＀qeatef wnfet the bqnfu anf a＀＀ qthet bqnfu ueewtef b{ the r＀efief
hqtow＀a utatef �n 6Att�e＀e KZ, Seet�qn 38, qh the Eqn/ rqtt�qn qh the ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹ a＀＀qeatef tq the eqwnt{
ut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, uha＀＀ be r＀efief au ezeeef uexent{/h�xe ret eent qh the r＀efief rqtt�qn qh
ueewt�t{ hqt an{ qb＀�iat�qn heteahtet �uuwef qt entetef the ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹ a＀＀qeatef tq that eqwnt{ hqt the
�ntq, ezeert that an{ qwtutanf�ni qb＀�iat�qnu rtex�qwu＀{ rteeef�ni utate h�uea＀ {eat, qh the r＀efief net tq＀＀u htqo
�uuwef r＀efi�ni texenweu a＀＀qeatef wnfet ua�f 6Att�e＀e ez�ut�ni hae�＀�t�eu eq＀＀eetef �n the rteeef�ni utate h�uea＀
KZ, Seet�qn 38, oa{ be tehwnfef at a ＀qwet axetaie net {eat, anf qh the annwa＀ axetaie net tq＀＀u ant�e�ratef
�nteteut equt tate b{ the �uuwanee qh tehwnf�ni bqnfu, fwt�ni the h�tut h�xe utate h�uea＀ {eatu qh qretat�qn qh new
oatwt�ni nqt ＀atet than the qb＀�iat�qnu tehwnfef, ue/ rtq�eetu tq be h�naneef, anf qh an{ qthet ＀eia＀＀{
ewtef b{ the uaoe texenweu anf an{ qthet ueewt�t{ axa�＀ab＀e r＀efief texenweu eq＀＀eetef �n the rteeef�ni
awthqt�zef �n rataitarh (5) qh th�u uwbueet�qn0 utate h�uea＀ {eat0 Dqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u
6;
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

uwbueet�qn uha＀＀ be ra{ab＀e rt�oat�＀{ htqo the r＀efief hqt the uehqq＀ h�uea＀ {eat 3;89/88, uweh ezeeuu wn�tu
tq＀＀u, the r＀efief rqtt�qnu qh the ¬ueeqnf iau taz¹ be�ni feu�inatef ¬itqwth wn�tu0¹ Vhe aoqwnt qh the h�tut
a＀＀qeatef tq that eqwnt{, anf an{ qthet r＀efief texenwe, oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu tq be uq uet au�fe �n
anf uha＀＀ oatwte nqt ＀atet than hqtt{ {eatu htqo the fate eaeh {eat anf f�utt�bwtef au rtqx�fef hete�n uha＀＀
qh �uuwanee0 aff�t�qna＀＀{ be an aoqwnt eqwa＀ �n the aiiteiate tq
(f) SEJQQN DQPDS0 the rtqfwet qh hqwt hwnftef fq＀＀atu (&622) ow＀t�r＀�ef b{
(3) 5Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn ;, Swbueet�qn (f) qh th�u the tqta＀ nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n a＀＀ eqoown�t{
eqnut�twt�qn, au aoenfef, (wh�eh, b{ tehetenee, eq＀＀eie f�utt�etu qh H＀qt�fa0 Vhe nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn
afqrtef 8Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn 38, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh wn�tu �n eaeh uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et
3885, au aoenfef) au the uaoe ez�utef �ooef�ate＀{ �n eaeh {eat hqt the rwtrqueu qh th�u aoenfoent uha＀＀
behqte the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenfoent �u afqrtef be the iteatet qh (3) the nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n
b{ th�u tehetenee au ratt qh th�u aoenfoent au eaeh uehqq＀ f�utt�et hqt the uehqq＀ h�uea＀ {eat 3;89/88 qt
eqor＀ete＀{ au thqwih �neqtrqtatef hete�n xetbat�o, eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et hqt the uehqq＀ h�uea＀ {eat
hqt the rwtrque qh rtqx�f�ni that ahtet the ehheet�xe fate 3;88/8; eqorwtef �n the oannet hetetqhqte rtqx�fef
qh th�u aoenfoent the h�tut rtqeeefu qh the texenweu b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, qt (2) the nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n
fet�xef htqo the ＀�eenu�ni qh oqtqt xeh�e＀eu au tehettef uweh uehqq＀ f�utt�et, �ne＀wf�ni itqwth wn�tu, qt eqoow/
tq thete�n uha＀＀ be f�utt�bwtef annwa＀＀{ aoqni the n�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et hqt the uehqq＀ h�uea＀ {eat eqorwtef �n
uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu �n the tat�q qh the nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn the oannet hetetqhqte qt heteahtet rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀
wn�tu �n eaeh eqwnt{, the uaoe be�ni eqteto�nwu w�th ＀aw anf arrtqxef b{ the utate bqatf qh efweat�qn
the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qh eaeh eqwnt{ au rtqx�fef �n Att�e＀e (hete�nahtet ea＀＀ef the utate bqatf), qt (5) the nwobet qh
KZ, Seet�qn 6, Swbueet�qn (a) qh th�u eqnut�twt�qn, �n eaeh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n eaeh uehqq＀ f�utt�et, �ne＀wf�ni itqwth
{eat eqorwtef au rtqx�fef thete�n tq the eztent wn�tu, qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et qn beha＀h qh wh�eh
neeeuuat{ tq eqor＀{ w�th a＀＀ qb＀�iat�qnu tq qt hqt the the utate bqatf hau �uuwef bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e
beneh�t qh hq＀fetu qh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu wnfet th�u
ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu �uuwef behqte the ehheet�xe aoenfoent wh�eh w�＀＀ rtqfwee uwhh�e�ent texenweu
fate qh th�u aoenfoent qt an{ tehwnf�niu theteqh wnfet th�u aoenfoent tq eqwa＀ qne anf twe＀xe/hwn/
wh�eh ate ueewtef b{ an{ rqtt�qn qh uweh texenweu ftefthu (3032) t�oeu the aiiteiate aoqwnt qh rt�ne�ra＀
fet�xef htqo the ＀�eenu�ni qh oqtqt xeh�e＀eu0 qh anf �nteteut qn a＀＀ bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue
(2) Pq hwnfu ant�e�ratef tq be f�utt�bwtef annwa＀＀{ texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu �uuwef wnfet th�u
aoqni the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu wnfet the hqtow＀a utatef �n aoenfoent wh�eh w�＀＀ oatwte anf beeqoe fwe �n
5Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn ;, Swbueet�qn (f) qh th�u eqnut�tw/ uweh {eat, eqorwtef �n the oannet hetetqhqte qt
t�qn, au aoenfef, au the uaoe ez�utef �ooef�ate＀{ heteahtet rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf arrtqxef b{
behqte the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ be the utate bqatf0
r＀efief au ueewt�t{ hqt an{ qb＀�iat�qnu heteahtet �uuwef (6) Sweh hwnfu uq f�utt�bwtef uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef
qt entetef �ntq, ezeert that an{ qwtutanf�ni qb＀�iat�qnu b{ the utate bqatf au nqw eteatef anf eqnut�twtef b{
rtex�qwu＀{ �uuwef r＀efi�ni uweh hwnfu oa{ be tehwnfef Seet�qn 2 qh Att�e＀e KZ qh the State Eqnut�twt�qn au
b{ the �uuwanee qh tehwnf�ni bqnfu0 tex�uef �n 3;88, qt b{ uweh qthet �nuttwoenta＀�t{ qh the
(5) Swb�eet tq the teqw�teoentu qh rataitarh (3) qh utate wh�eh uha＀＀ heteahtet uweeeef b{ ＀aw tq the
th�u uwbueet�qn (f) bei�nn�ni Jw＀{ 3, 3;95, the h�tut rqwetu, fwt�eu anf hwnet�qnu qh the utate bqatf,
rtqeeefu qh the texenweu fet�xef htqo the ＀�eenu�ni qh �ne＀wf�ni the rqwetu, fwt�eu anf hwnet�qnu qh the utate
oqtqt xeh�e＀eu (hete�nahtet ea＀＀ef ¬oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue bqatf rtqx�fef �n th�u aoenfoent0 Hqt the rwtrqueu qh
texenweu¹) tq the eztent neeeuuat{ tq eqor＀{ w�th the th�u aoenfoent, ua�f utate bqatf uha＀＀ be a bqf{
rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u aoenfoent, uha＀＀, au eq＀＀eetef, be eqtrqtate anf uha＀＀ haxe a＀＀ the rqwetu rtqx�fef �n th�u
r＀aeef oqnth＀{ �n the uehqq＀ f�utt�et anf eqoown�t{ aoenfoent �n aff�t�qn tq a＀＀ qthet eqnut�twt�qna＀ anf
eq＀＀eie f�utt�et ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ anf febt uetx�ee hwnf �n the utatwtqt{ rqwetu te＀atef tq the rwtrqueu qh th�u
utate tteauwt{ anf wuef qn＀{ au rtqx�fef �n th�u aoenfoent hetetqhqte qt heteahtet eqnhettef wrqn
aoenfoent0 Sweh texenwe uha＀＀ be f�utt�bwtef annwa＀＀{ ua�f utate bqatf0
aoqni the uexeta＀ uehqq＀ f�utt�etu anf eqoown�t{ (5) Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀, �n aff�t�qn tq �tu qthet
eq＀＀eie f�utt�etu �n the tat�q qh the nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn eqnut�twt�qna＀ anf utatwtqt{ rqwetu, haxe the oanaie/
wn�tu �n eaeh uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et oent, eqnttq＀ anf uwretx�u�qn qh the rtqeeefu qh the h�tut
�n eaeh {eat eqorwtef au rtqx�fef hete�n0 Vhe aoqwnt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu rtqx�fef hqt �n th�u
qh the h�tut oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu tq be uq uet uwbueet�qn (f)0 Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ a＀uq haxe rqwet,
au�fe �n eaeh {eat anf f�utt�bwtef au rtqx�fef hete�n hqt the rwtrque qh qbta�n�ni hwnfu hqt the wue qh an{
uha＀＀ be an aoqwnt eqwa＀ �n the aiiteiate tq the rtqfwet uehqq＀ bqatf qh an{ uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu
qh u�z hwnftef fq＀＀atu (&822) ow＀t�r＀�ef b{ the tqta＀ qh an{ eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et �n aeqw�t�ni, bw�＀f�ni,
nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n a＀＀ the uehqq＀ f�utt�etu qh eqnuttwet�ni, a＀tet�ni, teoqfe＀�ni, �ortqx�ni, en＀ati�ni,
H＀qt�fa hqt the uehqq＀ h�uea＀ {eat 3;89/88, r＀wu an hwtn�uh�ni, eqw�rr�ni, oa�nta�n�ni, tenqxat�ni, qt te/
aoqwnt eqwa＀ �n the aiiteiate tq the rtqfwet qh e�iht ra�t�ni qh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu hqt uehqq＀ rwtrqueu tq
hwnftef fq＀＀atu (&822) ow＀t�r＀�ef b{ the tqta＀ nwobet qh �uuwe bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�ra/
�nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n a＀＀ the uehqq＀ f�utt�etu qh H＀qt�fa hqt t�qn eett�h�eateu, anf a＀uq tq �uuwe uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt
the uehqq＀ h�uea＀ {eat 3;92/95 anf hqt eaeh uehqq＀ h�uea＀ xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu tq ra{,
{eat theteahtet wh�eh �u �n ezeeuu qh the tqta＀ nwobet qh hwnf qt tehwnf an{ bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue
uweh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n a＀＀ the uehqq＀ f�utt�etu qh H＀qt�fa texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu thetetqhqte �uuwef b{
52
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

ua�f utate bqatf0 A＀＀ uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, �uuwef
texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ beat �nteteut at qn beha＀h qh the uehqq＀ bqatf qh uweh uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt
nqt ezeeef�ni the tate rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf uha＀＀ bqatf qh ttwuteeu qh uweh eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et;
oatwte nqt ＀atet than th�tt{ {eatu ahtet the fate qh uwb�eet, hqwexet, tq an{ eqxenantu qt aiteeoentu
�uuwanee theteqh0 Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq oafe b{ the utate bqatf eqneetn�ni the t�ihtu between
feteto�ne a＀＀ qthet feta�＀u qh the bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e hq＀fetu qh f�hhetent �uuweu qh uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt
＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu anf tq ue＀＀ �n the xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, au
oannet rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, qt ezehanie the bqnfu hete�n awthqt�zef0
qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�/ e0 Vq eutab＀�uh anf oa�nta�n a u�n��ni hwnf qt hwnfu
eateu, wrqn uweh tetou anf eqnf�t�qnu au the utate tq oeet hwtwte teqw�teoentu hqt febt uetx�ee qt teuetxeu
bqatf uha＀＀ rtqx�fe0 thetehqt, qn bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe
(8) Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ a＀uq haxe rqwet tq r＀efie ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu �uuwef qn beha＀h qh the uehqq＀
hqt the ra{oent qh the rt�ne�ra＀ qh anf �nteteut qn uweh bqatf qh uweh uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu qh uweh
bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et wnfet the awthqt�t{ heteqh,
eett�h�eateu, �ne＀wf�ni tehwnf�ni bqnfu qt tehwnf�ni whenexet the utate bqatf uha＀＀ feeo �t neeeuuat{ qt
oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, afx�uab＀e, anf �n uweh aoqwntu anf wnfet uweh tetou
a＀＀ qt an{ ratt htqo the oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu anf eqnf�t�qnu au the utate bqatf uha＀＀ �n �tu f�uetet�qn
rtqx�fef hqt �n th�u aoenfoent anf tq entet �ntq an{ feteto�ne0
eqxenantu anf qthet aiteeoentu w�th the hq＀fetu qh f0 Vq f�utt�bwte annwa＀＀{ tq the uexeta＀ uehqq＀
uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�ra/ bqatfu qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�etu qt the bqatfu qh ttwuteeu
t�qn eett�h�eateu at the t�oe qh the �uuwanee theteqh qh the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�etu hqt wue �n ra{oent qh
eqneetn�ni the ueewt�t{ theteqh anf the t�ihtu qh the febt uetx�ee qn bqnfu hetetqhqte qt heteahtet �uuwef b{
hq＀fetu theteqh, a＀＀ qh wh�eh eqxenantu anf aiteeoentu an{ uweh uehqq＀ bqatfu qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�etu qt bqatfu
uha＀＀ eqnut�twte ＀eia＀＀{ b�nf�ni anf �ttexqeab＀e eqnttaetu qh ttwuteeu qh the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�etu whete the
w�th uweh hq＀fetu anf uha＀＀ be hw＀＀{ enhqteeab＀e b{ uweh rtqeeefu qh the bqnfu wete wuef, qt ate tq be wuef, �n
hq＀fetu �n an{ eqwtt qh eqoretent �wt�uf�et�qn0 the aeqw�t�ni, bw�＀f�ni, eqnuttwet�ni, a＀tet�ni, teoqfe＀/
(9) Pq uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe �ni, �ortqx�ni, en＀ati�ni, hwtn�uh�ni, eqw�rr�ni, oa�n/
ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ exet be �uuwef b{ the utate ta�n�ni, tenqxat�ni, qt tera�t�ni qh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu
bqatf, ezeert tq tehwnf qwtutanf�ni bqnfu qt oqtqt �n uweh uehqq＀ f�utt�etu qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�etu
xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, wnt�＀ anf wh�eh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu haxe been arrtqxef
ahtet the afqrt�qn qh a teuq＀wt�qn teqweut�ni the b{ the uehqq＀ bqatf qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt bqatf qh
�uuwanee theteqh b{ the uehqq＀ bqatf qh the uehqq＀ ttwuteeu qh the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et, rwtuwant tq
f�utt�et qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu qh the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie the oqut teeent uwtxe{ qt uwtxe{u eqnfwetef wnfet
f�utt�et qn beha＀h qh wh�eh the qb＀�iat�qnu ate tq be teiw＀at�qnu rteuet�bef b{ the utate bqatf tq feteto�ne
�uuwef0 Vhe utate bqatf qh efweat�qn uha＀＀ ＀�o�t the the ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ neefu qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt
aoqwnt qh uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et0 Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ haxe
ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu wh�eh ean be �uuwef qn beha＀h qh rqwet at the t�oe qh �uuwanee qh an{ bqnfu b{ an{
an{ uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et tq n�net{ uehqq＀ bqatf qh an{ uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu
reteent (;2') qh the aoqwnt wh�eh �t feteto�neu ean be qh an{ eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et tq eqxenant anf aitee
uetx�eef b{ the texenwe aeetw�ni tq the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt w�th uweh uehqq＀ bqatf qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu au tq the
eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et wnfet the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u tan� anf rt�qt�t{ qh ra{oentu tq be oafe hqt f�hhetent
aoenfoent, anf uha＀＀ feteto�ne the teauqnab＀e a＀＀q/ �uuweu qh bqnfu wnfet th�u uwbrataitarh f0, anf oa{
eat�qn qh the �nteteut uax�niu htqo the �uuwanee qh hwtthet aitee that an{ aoqwntu tq be f�utt�bwtef wnfet
tehwnf�ni bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe th�u uwbrataitarh f0 oa{ be r＀efief hqt the febt
ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, anf uweh feteto�nat�qnu uha＀＀ uetx�ee qn bqnfu �uuwef b{ an{ uehqq＀ bqatf qh an{
be eqne＀wu�xe0 A＀＀ uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu qh an{ eqoown�t{
texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ be �uuwef �n the eq＀＀eie f�utt�et anf hqt the tan� anf rt�qt�t{ qh uweh
naoe qh the utate bqatf qh efweat�qn bwt uha＀＀ be �uuwef r＀efie0 An{ uweh eqxenantu qt aiteeoentu qh the utate
hqt anf qn beha＀h qh the uehqq＀ bqatf qh the uehqq＀ bqatf oa{ be enhqteef b{ an{ hq＀fetu qh uweh bqnfu �n
f�utt�et qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu qh the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie an{ eqwtt qh eqoretent �wt�uf�et�qn0
f�utt�et teqweut�ni the �uuwanee theteqh, anf nq e＀eet�qn e0 Vq ra{ the ezrenueu qh the utate bqatf �n
qt arrtqxa＀ qh qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu uha＀＀ be teqw�tef hqt the afo�n�utet�ni th�u uwbueet�qn (f), wh�eh uha＀＀ be rtq/
�uuwanee theteqh0 tatef aoqni the xat�qwu uehqq＀ f�utt�etu anf eqoown�t{
(8) Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ �n eaeh {eat wue the hwnfu eq＀＀eie f�utt�etu anf ra�f qwt qh the rtqeeefu qh the
f�utt�bwtab＀e rwtuwant tq th�u aoenfoent tq the etef�t qh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn
eaeh uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et qn＀{ �n eett�h�eateu qt htqo the hwnfu f�utt�bwtab＀e tq eaeh
the hq＀＀qw�ni oannet anf �n qtfet qh rt�qt�t{< uehqq＀ f�utt�et anf eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et qn the
a0 Vq eqor＀{ w�th the teqw�teoentu qh rataitarh uaoe bau�u au uweh oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu ate
(3) qh th�u uwbueet�qn (f)0 f�utt�bwtab＀e tq the xat�qwu uehqq＀ f�utt�etu anf eqoow/
b0 Vq ra{ a＀＀ aoqwntu qh rt�ne�ra＀ anf �nteteut fwe n�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�etu0
�n uweh {eat qn an{ bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue h0 Vq f�utt�bwte annwa＀＀{ tq the uexeta＀ uehqq＀
texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu �uuwef wnfet the bqatfu qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�etu qt bqatfu qh ttwuteeu qh
awthqt�t{ heteqh, �ne＀wf�ni tehwnf�ni bqnfu qt oqtqt the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�etu hqt the ra{oent qh the
53
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

equt qh aeqw�t�ni, bw�＀f�ni, eqnuttwet�ni, a＀tet�ni, teoq/ �h hetetqhqte qt heteahtet awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, oa{ be
fe＀�ni, �ortqx�ni, en＀ati�ni, hwtn�uh�ni, eqw�rr�ni, aff�t�qna＀＀{ ueewtef b{ r＀efi�ni the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t
oa�nta�n�ni, tenqxat�ni, qt tera�t�ni qh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ qh the utate w�thqwt an e＀eet�qn0 Yhen hetetqhqte qt
rtq�eetu hqt uehqq＀ rwtrqueu �n uweh uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt heteahtet awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, bqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq
eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et au uha＀＀ be teqweutef b{ 8Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn 38 qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au

teuq＀wt�qn qh the uehqq＀ bqatf qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt aoenfef rt�qt tq 3;88, anf bqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq
bqatf qh ttwuteeu qh the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et0 Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn ;, uwbueet�qn (f) qh the Eqnut�twt�qn
i0 Yhen a＀＀ oa�qt ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ neefu qh a uehqq＀ au tex�uef �n 3;88, anf bqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u
f�utt�et qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et haxe been oet au uwbueet�qn (f), oa{ be tehwnfef b{ the �uuwanee qh
feteto�nef b{ the utate bqatf, qn the bau�u qh a uwtxe{ bqnfu aff�t�qna＀＀{ ueewtef b{ the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh
oafe rwtuwant tq teiw＀at�qnu qh the utate bqatf anf the utate0
arrtqxef b{ the utate bqatf, a＀＀ uweh hwnfu teoa�n�ni (e) DGDV NKMKVAVKQP0 Dqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq
uha＀＀ be f�utt�bwtef annwa＀＀{ anf wuef hqt uweh uehqq＀ th�u Seet�qn ; qh Att�e＀e ZKK wh�eh ate ra{ab＀e rt�oat�＀{
rwtrqueu �n uweh uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie htqo texenweu r＀efief rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ nqt
f�utt�et au the uehqq＀ bqatf qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt bqatf be �ne＀wfef �n arr＀{�ni the ＀�o�tu wrqn the aoqwnt qh
qh ttwuteeu qh the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et uha＀＀ utate bqnfu eqnta�nef �n Seet�qn 33, Att�e＀e VKK, qh th�u
feteto�ne, qt au oa{ be rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 tex�u�qn0
J�utqt{0´Ao0 J0J0T0 3853, 3;8;; afqrtef 3;8;; Ao0 E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 2;2, 3;92,
(;) Ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu qh a uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt anf Ao0 E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 5598, 3;92; afqrtef 3;92; Ao0 E0S0 hqt J0J0T0'u 228;,
eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e tq ratt�e�rate 2;86, 3;96; afqrtef 3;96; Ao0 S0J0T0 826, 3;82; afqrtef 3;82; Ao0 S0J0T0 3359,
3;86; afqrtef 3;86; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn,
�n the hwnfu aeetw�ni wnfet th�u aoenfoent anf fet�xef Tex�u�qn Pq0 3, 3;;2, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 9, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;2;
htqo the rtqeeefu qh bqnfu anf oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue Ao0 S0J0T0 2/J, 3;;2; afqrtef 3;;2; Ao0 rtqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn
Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8, 3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8;
texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu anf htqo the oqtqt afqrtef 3;;80
xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu, qn＀{ �n the qtfet qh rt�qt�t{ qh 3Pqte0´Seet�qn 39 qh Att0 KZ qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, teafu au

hq＀＀qwu<
neefu, au uhqwn b{ a uwtxe{ qt uwtxe{u eqnfwetef �n SGEVKQP 390 Dqnfu; ＀anf aeqw�u�t�qn hqt qwtfqqt teeteat�qn fexe＀qroent0´
the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et wnfet Vhe qwtfqqt teeteat�qna＀ fexe＀qroent eqwne�＀, au eteatef b{ the 3;85 ＀ei�u＀atwte,
oa{ �uuwe texenwe bqnfu, texenwe eett�h�eateu qt qthet ex�feneeu qh �nfebtefneuu
teiw＀at�qnu rteuet�bef b{ the utate bqatf, tq feteto�ne tq aeqw�te ＀anfu, watet ateau anf te＀atef teuqwteeu anf tq eqnuttwet, �ortqxe,
the ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ neefu qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt en＀atie anf eztenf ear�ta＀ �ortqxeoentu anf hae�＀�t�eu theteqn �n hwtthetanee qh
qwtfqqt teeteat�qn, natwta＀ teuqwteeu eqnuetxat�qn anf te＀atef hae�＀�t�eu �n th�u utate;
eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et anf arrtqxef b{ the utate rtqx�fef, hqwexet, the ＀ei�u＀atwte w�th teureet tq uweh texenwe bqnfu, texenwe
bqatf; rtqx�fef that the rt�qt�t{ qh uweh rtq�eetu oa{ be eett�h�eateu qt qthet ex�feneeu qh �nfebtefneuu uha＀＀ feu�inate the texenwe qt taz
uqwteeu tq be ferqu�tef �n qt etef�tef tq the ＀anf aeqw�u�t�qn ttwut hwnf hqt the�t
ehanief htqo t�oe tq t�oe wrqn the teqweut qh the tera{oent anf oa{ �orque teutt�et�qnu qn the�t �uuwanee, �ne＀wf�ni the h�z�ni qh
uehqq＀ bqatf qh the uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu qh oaz�owo �nteteut tateu anf f�ueqwntu0
Vhe ＀anf aeqw�u�t�qn ttwut hwnf, eteatef b{ the 3;85 ＀ei�u＀atwte hqt theue ow＀t�r＀e
the eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et anf w�th the arrtqxa＀ qh rwb＀�e rwtrqueu, uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe htqo the fate qh the afqrt�qn qh th�u aoenfoent hqt a
the utate bqatf; anf rtqx�fef, hwtthet, that th�u rata/ ret�qf qh h�ht{ {eatu0
Kn the exent the qwtfqqt teeteat�qna＀ fexe＀qroent eqwne�＀ uha＀＀ feteto�ne tq
itarh (;) uha＀＀ nqt �n an{ oannet ahheet an{ eqxenant, �uuwe bqnfu hqt h�nane�ni aeqw�u�t�qn qh u�teu hqt ow＀t�r＀e rwtrqueu the utate bqatf qh
aiteeoent qt r＀efie oafe b{ the utate bqatf �n the afo�n�uttat�qn uha＀＀ aet au h�uea＀ aient, anf the attqtne{ ieneta＀ uha＀＀ hanf＀e the
xa＀�fat�qn rtqeeef�niu0
�uuwanee b{ ua�f utate bqatf qh an{ bqnfu qt oqtqt A＀＀ bqnfu �uuwef wnfet th�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ be uq＀f at rwb＀�e ua＀e ahtet rwb＀�e
xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, qt �n afxett�ueoent wrqn uweh tetou anf eqnf�t�qnu au the qwtfqqt teeteat�qna＀
fexe＀qroent eqwne�＀ uha＀＀ rtqx�fe anf au qthetw�ue rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw anf uwb�eet
eqnneet�qn w�th the �uuwanee qh an{ bqnfu qh an{ uehqq＀ tq the ＀�o�tat�qnu hete�n �orquef0
bqatf qh an{ uehqq＀ f�utt�et qt bqatf qh ttwuteeu qh an{ J�utqt{0⁀S0J0T0 929, 3;85; afqrtef 3;850
2Pqte0´Pt�qt tq �tu aoenfoent b{ E0S0 hqt J0J0T0'u 228;, 2;86, 3;96, uwbueet�qn
eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et0 (a) teaf au hq＀＀qwu<
(32) Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq oa�e anf (a) ADDKVKQPAN SGEWTKVKGS0 Att�e＀e KZ, Seet�qn 39, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh
3885, au aoenfef, au �t ez�utef �ooef�ate＀{ behqte th�u Eqnut�twt�qn, au tex�uef �n
enhqtee a＀＀ tw＀eu anf teiw＀at�qnu neeeuuat{ tq the hw＀＀ 3;88, beeaoe ehheet�xe, �u afqrtef b{ th�u tehetenee au a ratt qh th�u tex�u�qn au
ezete�ue qh the rqwetu hete�n itantef anf nq ＀ei�u＀at�qn eqor＀ete＀{ au thqwih �neqtrqtatef hete�n xetbat�o, ezeert texenwe bqnfu, texenwe
eett�h�eateu qt qthet ex�feneeu qh �nfebtefneuu heteahtet �uuwef thetewnfet oa{ be
uha＀＀ be teqw�tef tq tenfet th�u aoenfoent qh hw＀＀ hqtee �uuwef b{ the aiene{ qh the utate uq awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw0
anf qretat�ni ehheet0 Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ nqt tefwee the Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn 3;, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, au �t ez�utef
�ooef�ate＀{ behqte th�u tex�u�qn beeqoeu ehheet�xe, �u afqrtef b{ th�u tehetenee au a
＀ex�eu qh ua�f oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu fwt�ni the ratt qh th�u tex�u�qn au eqor＀ete＀{ au thqwih �neqtrqtatef hete�n xetbat�o, ezeert
＀�he qh th�u aoenfoent tq an{ feitee wh�eh w�＀＀ ha�＀ tq bqnfu qt taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu heteahtet �uuwef thetewnfet oa{ beat �nteteut
nqt �n ezeeuu qh h�xe reteent (5') ret annwo qt uweh h�ihet �nteteut au oa{ be
rtqx�fe the hw＀＀ aoqwnt neeeuuat{ tq eqor＀{ w�th the awthqt�zef b{ utatwte rauuef b{ a thtee/h�hthu (5/5) xqte qh eaeh hqwue qh the
rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u aoenfoent anf ra{ the neeeuuat{ ＀ei�u＀atwte0 Pq texenwe bqnfu qt taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ be �uuwef
rwtuwant thetetq ahtet Jwne 52, 3;950
ezrenueu qh afo�n�utet�ni the ＀awu te＀at�ni tq the 5Pqte0´Seet�qn 3; qh Att0 ZKK qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, teafu au

＀�eenu�ni qh oqtqt xeh�e＀eu, anf uha＀＀ nqt enaet an{ hq＀＀qwu<

SGEVKQP 3;0 Knut�twt�qnu qh h�ihet ＀eatn�ni anf �wn�qt eq＀＀eie ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{
＀aw hax�ni the ehheet qh w�thftaw�ni the rtqeeefu qh ttwut hwnf bqnfu0´(a) Vhat bei�nn�ni Janwat{ 3, 3;86, anf hqt h�ht{ {eatu
uweh oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu htqo the qretat�qn theteahtet, a＀＀ qh the rtqeeefu qh the texenweu fet�xef htqo the itquu teee�rtu
tazeu eq＀＀eetef htqo exet{ retuqn, �ne＀wf�ni own�e�ra＀�t�eu, teee�x�ni ra{oent hqt
qh th�u aoenfoent anf uha＀＀ nqt enaet an{ ＀aw �ora�t�ni e＀eett�e�t{ hqt ＀�iht, heat qt rqwet, hqt natwta＀ qt oanwhaetwtef iau hqt ＀�iht, heat qt
qt oatet�a＀＀{ a＀tet�ni the t�ihtu qh the hq＀fetu qh an{ rqwet, hqt wue qh te＀erhqneu anf hqt the uenf�ni qh te＀eitaou anf te＀eitarh
oeuuaieu, au nqw rtqx�fef anf ＀ex�ef au qh the t�oe qh afqrt�qn qh th�u aoenfoent
bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn �n Ehartet 225, H＀qt�fa Statwteu (hete�nahtet ea＀＀ef ¬Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu¹), uha＀＀,
eett�h�eateu �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u aoenfoent qt au eq＀＀eetef be r＀aeef �n a ttwut hwnf tq be �nqwn au the ¬Knut�twt�qnu qh J�ihet
Neatn�ni anf Jwn�qt Eq＀＀eieu Ear�ta＀ Qwt＀a{ anf Debt Setx�ee Vtwut Hwnf¹ �n the
�ora�t�ni qt a＀tet�ni an{ eqxenant qt aiteeoent qh State Vteauwt{ (hete�nahtet tehettef tq au ¬Ear�ta＀ Qwt＀a{ Hwnf¹), anf wuef qn＀{ au
the utate bqatf, au rtqx�fef �n uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt rtqx�fef �n th�u Aoenfoent0
Sa�f hwnf uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef b{ the State Dqatf qh Gfweat�qn, au nqw eteatef
xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu0 anf eqnut�twtef b{ Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e ZKK ]nqw u0 2, Att�e＀e KZ_ qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh
(33) Dqnfu �uuwef b{ the utate bqatf rwtuwant tq th�u H＀qt�fa (hete�nahtet tehettef tq au ¬State Dqatf¹)0 Hqt the rwtrque qh th�u
Aoenfoent, ua�f State Dqatf, au nqw eqnut�twtef, uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe au a bqf{
uwbueet�qn (f) uha＀＀ be ra{ab＀e rt�oat�＀{ htqo ua�f eqtrqtate fwt�ni the ＀�he qh th�u Aoenfoent anf uha＀＀ haxe a＀＀ the rqwetu rtqx�fef �n
oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu au rtqx�fef hete�n, anf th�u Aoenfoent �n aff�t�qn tq a＀＀ qthet eqnut�twt�qna＀ anf utatwtqt{ rqwetu te＀atef tq

52
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

the rwtrqueu qh th�u Aoenfoent hetetqhqte qt heteahtet eqnhettef b{ ＀aw wrqn ua�f Teee�rtu Vazeu �n the oannet rtqx�fef hete�n uha＀＀ nqt be ahheetef qt �ora�tef b{
State Dqatf0 the arr＀�eat�qn qt wue qh uweh rtqeeefu0
(b) Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ haxe rqwet, hqt the rwtrque qh qbta�n�ni hwnfu hqt Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ wue the oqne{u �n ua�f Ear�ta＀ Qwt＀a{ Hwnf �n eaeh h�uea＀
aeqw�t�ni, bw�＀f�ni, eqnuttwet�ni, a＀tet�ni, �ortqx�ni, en＀ati�ni, hwtn�uh�ni qt {eat qn＀{ hqt the hq＀＀qw�ni rwtrqueu anf �n the hq＀＀qw�ni qtfet qh rt�qt�t{<
eqw�rr�ni ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu thetetqhqte awthqt�zef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte anf an{ (3) Hqt the ra{oent qh the rt�ne�ra＀ qh anf �nteteut qn an{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu
rwtrqueu arrwttenant qt �ne�fenta＀ thetetq, hqt Knut�twt�qnu qh J�ihet Neatn�ni qt oatwt�ni �n uweh h�uea＀ {eat0
Jwn�qt Eq＀＀eieu, au nqw feh�nef qt au oa{ be heteahtet feh�nef b{ ＀aw, anf hqt the (2) Hqt the ferqu�t �ntq an{ teuetxe hwnfu rtqx�fef hqt �n the rtqeeef�niu
awthqt�z�ni the �uuwanee qh ua�f bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu, qh an{ aoqwntu teqw�tef tq be
rwtrque qh eqnuttwet�ni bw�＀f�niu anf qthet retoanent hae�＀�t�eu hqt xqeat�qna＀
ferqu�tef �n uweh teuetxe hwnfu �n uweh h�uea＀ {eat0
teehn�ea＀ uehqq＀u au rtqx�fef �n ehartet 252 H＀qt�fa Statwteu, tq �uuwe bqnfu qt (5) Ahtet a＀＀ ra{oentu teqw�tef �n uweh h�uea＀ {eat hqt the rwtrqueu rtqx�fef hqt
eett�h�eateu, �ne＀wf�ni tehwnf�ni bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu tq hwnf qt tehwnf an{ bqnfu qt �n (3) anf (2) abqxe, �ne＀wf�ni an{ feh�e�ene�eu hqt teqw�tef ra{oentu �n rt�qt h�uea＀
eett�h�eateu thetetqhqte �uuwef0 A＀＀ uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ beat �nteteut at nqt {eatu, an{ oqne{u teoa�n�ni �n ua�f Ear�ta＀ Qwt＀a{ Hwnf at the enf qh uweh h�uea＀
ezeeef�ni hqwt anf qne/ha＀h ret eentwo ret annwo, anf uha＀＀ oatwte at uweh t�oe qt {eat oa{ be wuef b{ the State Dqatf hqt f�teet ra{oent qh the equt qt an{ ratt qh the
t�oeu au the State Dqatf uha＀＀ feteto�ne nqt ezeeef�ni, �n an{ exent, hqwexet, equt qh an{ ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eet thetetqhqte awthqt�zef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte qt hqt the
th�tt{ {eatu htqo the fate qh �uuwanee theteqh0 Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq rwtehaue qh an{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �uuwef hetewnfet then qwtutanf�ni wrqn uweh
feteto�ne a＀＀ qthet feta�＀u qh uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu anf tq ue＀＀ at rwb＀�e ua＀e, tetou anf eqnf�t�qnu au the State Dqatf uha＀＀ feeo rtqret, qt hqt the rt�qt
ahtet rwb＀�e afxett�ueoent, uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu, rtqx�fef, hqwexet, that nq tefeort�qn qh qwtutanf�ni bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �n aeeqtfanee w�th the rtqx�u�qnu qh
bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ exet be �uuwef hetewnfet tq h�nanee, qt the rtqeeefu the rtqeeef�niu wh�eh awthqt�zef the �uuwanee qh uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu0
theteqh ezrenfef hqt, an{ ratt qh the equt qh an{ ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eet wn＀euu the Vhe State Dqatf oa{ �nxeut the oqne{u �n ua�f Ear�ta＀ Qwt＀a{ Hwnf qt �n an{
eqnuttwet�qn qt aeqw�u�t�qn qh uweh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eet hau been thetetqhqte u�n��ni hwnf qt qthet hwnfu eteatef hqt an{ �uuwe qh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu, �n f�teet
awthqt�zef b{ the Nei�u＀atwte qh H＀qt�fa0 Pqne qh ua�f bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ be qb＀�iat�qnu qh the Wn�tef Stateu qh Aoet�ea qt �n the qthet ueewt�t�eu tehettef tq �n
uq＀f at ＀euu than n�net{/e�iht ret eentwo qh the rat xa＀we theteqh, r＀wu aeetwef Seet�qn 566029, H＀qt�fa Statwteu0
�nteteut, anf ua�f bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ be awatfef at the rwb＀�e ua＀e theteqh tq (f) Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq oa�e anf enhqtee a＀＀ tw＀eu anf
teiw＀at�qnu neeeuuat{ tq the hw＀＀ ezete�ue qh the rqwetu hete�n itantef anf nq
the b�ffet qhhet�ni the ＀qweut net �nteteut equt hqt uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �n the
＀ei�u＀at�qn uha＀＀ be teqw�tef tq tenfet th�u Aoenfoent qh hw＀＀ hqtee anf qretat�ni
oannet tq be feteto�nef b{ the State Dqatf0 ehheet qn anf ahtet Janwat{ 3, 3;860 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte, fwt�ni the ret�qf th�u
Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ a＀uq haxe rqwet tq r＀efie hqt the ra{oent qh the rt�ne�ra＀ Aoenfoent �u �n ehheet, uha＀＀ nqt tefwee the tate qh ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu nqw
qh anf �nteteut qn uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu, anf teuetxeu thetehqt, �ne＀wf�ni rtqx�fef �n ua�f Ehartet 225, H＀qt�fa Statwteu, qt e＀�o�nate, ezeort qt teoqxe an{
tehwnf�ni bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu, a＀＀ qt an{ ratt qh the texenwe tq be fet�xef htqo the qh the retuqnu, h�tou qt eqtrqtat�qnu, �ne＀wf�ni own�e�ra＀ eqtrqtat�qnu, qt an{ qh the
ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu rtqx�fef hqt �n th�u Aoenfoent, anf tq entet �ntq an{ wt�＀�t�eu, bwu�neuueu qt uetx�eeu nqw qt heteahtet uwb�eet tq ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu
eqxenantu anf qthet aiteeoentu w�th the hq＀fetu qh uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu Vazeu, htqo the ＀ex{ anf eq＀＀eet�qn qh ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu au nqw rtqx�fef �n
eqneetn�ni the ueewt�t{ theteqh anf the t�ihtu qh the hq＀fetu theteqh, a＀＀ qh wh�eh ua�f Ehartet 225, H＀qt�fa Statwteu, anf uha＀＀ nqt enaet an{ ＀aw �ora�t�ni qt
eqxenantu anf aiteeoentu uha＀＀ eqnut�twte ＀eia＀＀{ b�nf�ni anf �ttexqeab＀e eqnttaetu oatet�a＀＀{ a＀tet�ni the t�ihtu qh the hq＀fetu qh an{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �uuwef
w�th uweh hq＀fetu anf uha＀＀ be hw＀＀{ enhqteeab＀e b{ uweh hq＀fetu �n an{ eqwtt qh rwtuwant tq th�u Aoenfoent qt �ora�t�ni qt a＀tet�ni an{ eqxenantu qt aiteeoentu qh
eqoretent �wt�uf�et�qn0 the State Dqatf oafe hetewnfet, qt hax�ni the ehheet qh w�thftaw�ni the rtqeeefu qh
Pq uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ exet be �uuwef b{ the State Dqatf �n an ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu htqo the qretat�qn qh th�u Aoenfoent0
aoqwnt ezeeef�ni uexent{/h�xe ret eentwo qh the aoqwnt wh�eh �t feteto�neu, Vhe State Dqatf qh Afo�n�uttat�qn uha＀＀ be anf �u heteb{ eqnut�twtef au the
H�uea＀ Aient qh the State Dqatf tq rethqto uweh fwt�eu anf auuwoe uweh
bauef wrqn the axetaie annwa＀ aoqwnt qh the texenweu fet�xef htqo ua�f Gtquu
teurqnu�b�＀�t�eu wnfet th�u Aoenfoent au uha＀＀ be aiteef wrqn between the
Teee�rtu Vazeu fwt�ni the �ooef�ate＀{ rteeef�ni twq h�uea＀ {eatu, qt the aoqwnt qh
State Dqatf anf uweh State Dqatf qh Afo�n�uttat�qn0 Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ a＀uq
the texenweu fet�xef htqo ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu fwt�ni the �ooef�ate＀{ haxe rqwet tq arrq�nt uweh qthet retuqnu anf h�z the�t eqorenuat�qn hqt the
rteeef�ni h�uea＀ {eat, au uhqwn �n a eett�h�eate h�＀ef b{ the State Eqorttq＀＀et w�th the afo�n�uttat�qn qh the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u Aoenfoent au �t uha＀＀ feeo neeeuuat{, anf
State Dqatf rt�qt tq the �uuwanee qh uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu, wh�ehexet �u the the ezrenueu qh the State Dqatf �n afo�n�utet�ni the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u Aoenfoent
＀euuet, ean be uetx�eef b{ the texenweu aeetw�ni theteahtet wnfet the rtqx�u�qnu qh uha＀＀ be ra�f qwt qh the rtqeeefu qh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �uuwef hetewnfet qt htqo
th�u Aoenfoent; nqt uha＀＀ the State Dqatf, fwt�ni the h�tut {eat hq＀＀qw�ni the ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu ferqu�tef �n ua�f Ear�ta＀ Qwt＀a{ Hwnf0
tat�h�eat�qn qh th�u aoenfoent, �uuwe bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �n ezeeuu qh uexen t�oeu (e) Pq ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eet qt an{ ratt theteqh uha＀＀ be h�naneef hetewnfet
the ant�e�ratef texenwe htqo ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu fwt�ni ua�f {eat, nqt fwt�ni wn＀euu the b�＀＀ awthqt�z�ni uweh rtq�eet uha＀＀ uree�h{ �t �u h�naneef hetewnfet anf
eaeh uweeeef�ni {eat, oqte than hqwt t�oeu the ant�e�ratef texenwe htqo ua�f uha＀＀ be arrtqxef b{ a xqte qh thtee/h�hthu qh the e＀eetef oeobetu qh eaeh hqwue0
Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu fwt�ni uweh {eat0 Pq e＀eet�qn qt arrtqxa＀ qh qwa＀�h�ef e＀eetqtu J�utqt{0⁀S0J0T0 286, 3;85; afqrtef 3;850
6Pqte0´Seet�qn 38 qh Att0 KZ qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, teafu au
qt hteehq＀fet e＀eetqtu uha＀＀ be teqw�tef hqt the �uuwanee qh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu
hetewnfet0 hq＀＀qwu<
Ahtet the �n�t�a＀ �uuwanee qh an{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu rwtuwant tq th�u Aoenfoent, SGEVKQP 380 Dqatf qh afo�n�uttat�qn; iauq＀�ne anf ＀��e tazeu, f�utt�bwt�qn anf
the State Dqatf oa{ theteahtet �uuwe aff�t�qna＀ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu wh�eh w�＀＀ tan� wue; ete0´(a) Vhat bei�nn�ni Janwat{ 3ut, 3;65, anf hqt h�ht{ (52) {eatu theteahtet,
the rtqeeefu qh twq (2⁄) eentu ret ia＀＀qn qh the tqta＀ taz ＀ex�ef b{ utate ＀aw wrqn
eqwa＀＀{ anf qn a rat�t{, au tq ＀�en qn anf uqwtee qh ueewt�t{ hqt ra{oent htqo ua�f
iauq＀�ne anf qthet ＀��e rtqfwetu qh rettq＀ewo, nqw �nqwn au the Seeqnf Gau Vaz,
Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu, w�th an{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu thetetqhqte �uuwef rwtuwant tq anf wrqn qthet hwe＀u wuef tq rtqre＀ oqtqt xeh�e＀eu, uha＀＀ au eq＀＀eetef be r＀aeef
th�u Aoenfoent, bwt uweh aff�t�qna＀ rat�t{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ nqt be �uuwef oqnth＀{ �n the `State Tqafu D�utt�bwt�qn Hwnf' �n the State Vteauwt{ anf f�x�fef �ntq
wn＀euu the axetaie annwa＀ aoqwnt qh the texenweu fet�xef htqo ua�f Gtquu thtee (5) eqwa＀ rattu wh�eh uha＀＀ be f�utt�bwtef oqnth＀{ aoqni the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu
Teee�rtu Vazeu fwt�ni the �ooef�ate＀{ rteeef�ni twq h�uea＀ {eatu, qt the aoqwnt qh au hq＀＀qwu< qne ratt aeeqtf�ni tq atea, qne ratt aeeqtf�ni tq rqrw＀at�qn, anf qne
the texenweu fet�xef htqo ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu fwt�ni the �ooef�ate＀{ ratt aeeqtf�ni tq the eqwnt�eu' eqntt�bwt�qnu tq the equt qh utate tqaf eqnuttwet�qn �n
rteeef�ni h�uea＀ {eat, au uhqwn �n a eett�h�eate h�＀ef b{ the State Eqorttq＀＀et w�th the the tat�q qh f�utt�bwt�qn au rtqx�fef �n Ehartet 3585;, Nawu qh H＀qt�fa, Aetu qh 3;53,
State Dqatf rt�qt tq the �uuwanee qh uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu, wh�ehexet �u the anf hqt the rwtrqueu qh the arrqtt�qnoent bauef qn the eqwnt�eu' eqntt�bwt�qnu hqt
＀euuet, uha＀＀ haxe been eqwa＀ tq qne anf qne/th�tf t�oeu the aiiteiate aoqwnt qh the equt qh utate tqaf eqnuttwet�qn, the aoqwnt qh the eqntt�bwt�qnu eutab＀�uhef b{
rt�ne�ra＀ anf �nteteut wh�eh w�＀＀ beeqoe fwe �n an{ uweeeef�ni h�uea＀ {eat qn a＀＀ the eett�h�eateu oafe �n 3;53 rwtuwant tq ua�f Ehartet 3585;, uha＀＀ be ta�en anf
bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu thetetqhqte �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u Aoenfoent anf then feeoef eqne＀wu�xe �n eqorwt�ni the oqnth＀{ aoqwntu f�utt�bwtab＀e aeeqtf�ni tq
qwtutanf�ni, anf the aff�t�qna＀ rat�t{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu then rtqrquef tq be ua�f eqntt�bwt�qnu0 Sweh hwnfu uq f�utt�bwtef uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef b{ the State
�uuwef0 Pq bqnfu, eett�h�eateu qt qthet qb＀�iat�qnu whatuqexet uha＀＀ at an{ t�oe be Dqatf qh Afo�n�uttat�qn au hete�nahtet rtqx�fef0
�uuwef wnfet the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u Aoenfoent, ezeert uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu (b) Vhe Gqxetnqt au eha�toan, the State Vteauwtet, anf the State Eqorttq＀＀et
�n�t�a＀＀{ �uuwef hetewnfet, anf uweh aff�t�qna＀ rat�t{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu au uha＀＀ eqnut�twte a bqf{ eqtrqtate tq be �nqwn au the `State Dqatf qh Afo�n�uttat�qn,'
wh�eh bqatf uha＀＀ uweeeef tq a＀＀ the rqwet, eqnttq＀ anf awthqt�t{ qh the utatwtqt{
rtqx�fef �n th�u rataitarh0 Pqtw�thutanf�ni an{ qthet rtqx�u�qn hete�n nq uweh
Dqatf qh Afo�n�uttat�qn0 Sa�f Dqatf uha＀＀ haxe, �n aff�t�qn tq uweh rqwetu au oa{
bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ be awthqt�zef qt xa＀�fatef fwt�ni an{ b�enn�wo �n ezeeuu
be eqnhettef wrqn �t b{ ＀aw, the oanaieoent, eqnttq＀ anf uwretx�u�qn qh the
qh h�ht{ o�＀＀�qn fq＀＀atu, ezeert b{ twq/th�tfu xqte qh the oeobetu e＀eetef tq eaeh rtqeeefu qh ua�f twq (2⁄) eentu qh ua�f tazeu anf a＀＀ oqne{u anf qthet auuetu wh�eh
hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte; rtqx�fef hwtthet that fwt�ni the b�enn�wo 3;85/3;85 qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenfoent ate arr＀�eab＀e qt oa{ beeqoe arr＀�eab＀e tq
uexent{/h�xe o�＀＀�qn fq＀＀atu oa{ be awthqt�zef anf xa＀�fatef rwtuwant hetetq0 the bqnfu qh the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu qh th�u utate, qt an{ uree�a＀ tqaf anf bt�fie f�utt�et,
(e) Ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu thetetqhqte awthqt�zef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte hqt an{ qt qthet uree�a＀ taz�ni f�utt�et theteqh, �uuwef rt�qt tq Jw＀{ 3ut, 3;53, hqt tqaf anf
Knut�twt�qn qh J�ihet Neatn�ni qt Jwn�qt Eq＀＀eie uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e tq ratt�e�rate �n the bt�fie rwtrqueu0 Vhe wqtf `bqnfu' au wuef hete�n uha＀＀ �ne＀wfe bqnfu, t�oe
hwnfu aeetw�ni wnfet th�u Aoenfoent fet�xef htqo the rtqeeefu qh bqnfu qt wattantu, nqteu anf qthet hqtou qh �nfebtefneuu �uuwef hqt tqaf anf bt�fie
eett�h�eateu anf ua�f Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu wnfet uweh teiw＀at�qnu anf �n uweh rwtrqueu b{ an{ eqwnt{ qt uree�a＀ tqaf anf bt�fie f�utt�et qt qthet uree�a＀ taz�ni
oannet au uha＀＀ be feteto�nef b{ the State Dqatf, anf the State Dqatf uha＀＀ wue qt f�utt�et, qwtutanf�ni qn Jw＀{ 3ut, 3;53, qt an{ tehwnf�ni �uuweu theteqh0 Sa�f Dqatf
ttanuo�t tq the State Dqatf qh Eqnttq＀ qt tq the Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh an{ uha＀＀ haxe the utatwtqt{ rqwetu qh Dqatfu qh Eqwnt{ Eqoo�uu�qnetu anf Dqnf
Eqwnt{ awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw tq eqnuttwet qt aeqw�te uweh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu, the Vtwuteeu anf qh an{ qthet awthqt�t{ qh uree�a＀ tqaf anf bt�fie f�utt�etu, anf qthet
aoqwnt qh the rtqeeefu qh uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu qt Gtquu Teee�rtu Vazeu tq be uree�a＀ taz�ni f�utt�etu theteqh w�th teiatf tq ua�f bqnfu, (ezeert that the rqwet tq
arr＀�ef tq qt wuef hqt uweh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu0 Kh hqt an{ teauqn an{ qh the ＀ex{ af xa＀qteo tazeu �u ezrteuu＀{ w�thhe＀f htqo ua�f Dqatf), anf uha＀＀ ta�e qxet a＀＀
raretu, fqewoentu anf teeqtfu eqneetn�ni the uaoe0 Sa�f Dqatf uha＀＀ haxe the
rtqeeefu qh an{ bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �uuwef hqt an{ ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eet uha＀＀ nqt
rqwet htqo t�oe tq t�oe tq �uuwe tehwnf�ni bqnfu tq oatwte w�th�n the ua�f h�ht{ (52)
be ezrenfef hqt uweh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eet, the State Dqatf oa{ wue uweh
{eat ret�qf, hqt an{ qh ua�f qwtutanf�ni bqnfu qt �nteteut theteqn, anf tq ueewte
wnezrenfef rtqeeefu hqt an{ qthet ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eet hqt Knut�twt�qnu qh J�ihet theo b{ a r＀efie qh ant�e�ratef teee�rtu htqo uweh iauq＀�ne qt qthet hwe＀ tazeu tq be
Neatn�ni qt Jwn�qt Eq＀＀eieu anf xqeat�qna＀ teehn�ea＀ uehqq＀u, au feh�nef hete�n, au f�utt�bwtef tq uweh eqwnt{ au hete�n rtqx�fef, bwt nqt at a iteatet tate qh �nteteut
nqw feh�nef qt au oa{ be heteahtet feh�nef b{ ＀aw, thetetqhqte awthqt�zef b{ the than ua�f bqnfu nqw beat; anf tq �uuwe, ue＀＀ qt ezehanie qn beha＀h qh an{ eqwnt{ qt
State Nei�u＀atwte0 Vhe hq＀fetu qh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu �uuwef hetewnfet uha＀＀ nqt wn�t hqt the uq＀e rwtrque qh tet�t�ni ua�f bqnfu �uuwef b{ uweh eqwnt{, qt uree�a＀ tqaf
haxe an{ teurqnu�b�＀�t{ whatuqexet hqt the arr＀�eat�qn qt wue qh an{ qh the rtqeeefu anf bt�fie f�utt�et, qt qthet uree�a＀ taz�ni f�utt�et theteqh, iauq＀�ne qt qthet hwe＀ taz
fet�xef htqo the ua＀e qh ua�f bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu, anf the t�ihtu anf teoef�eu qh the ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu beat�ni �nteteut at nqt oqte than thtee (5) ret eent ret
hq＀fetu qh uweh bqnfu qt eett�h�eateu anf the�t t�iht tq ra{oent htqo ua�f Gtquu annwo �n uweh fenqo�nat�qnu anf oatwt�ni at uweh t�oe w�th�n the h�ht{ (52) {eat

55
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

ret�qf au the bqatf oa{ feteto�ne0 Kn aff�t�qn tq ezete�u�ni the rqwetu nqw eett�h�eateu, anf a＀uq tq �uuwe uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn
rtqx�fef b{ utatwte hqt the �nxeutoent qh u�n��ni hwnfu, ua�f Dqatf oa{ wue the eett�h�eateu tq ra{, hwnf qt tehwnf an{ bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn
u�n��ni hwnfu eteatef hqt ua�f bqnfu qh an{ eqwnt{ qt uree�a＀ tqaf anf bt�fie f�utt�et, eett�h�eateu thetetqhqte �uuwef b{ ua�f utate bqatf0 A＀＀ uweh bqnfu uha＀＀ beat �nteteut
qt qthet wn�t hetewnfet, tq rwtehaue the oatwtef qt oatwt�ni bqnfu ratt�e�rat�ni at nqt ezeeef�ni hqwt anf qne/ha＀h ret eentwo ret annwo anf uha＀＀ oatwte uet�a＀＀{
hete�n qh an{ qthet eqwnt{ qt an{ qthet uree�a＀ tqaf anf bt�fie f�utt�et, qt qthet �n annwa＀ �nuta＀＀oentu eqooene�ni nqt oqte than thtee {eatu htqo the fate qh
uree�a＀ taz�ni f�utt�et theteqh, rtqx�fef that au tq ua�f oatwtef bqnfu, the xa＀we �uuwanee theteqh anf enf�ni nqt ＀atet than th�tt{ {eatu htqo the fate qh �uuwanee qt
theteqh au an �nxeutoent uha＀＀ be the rt�ee ra�f thetehqt, wh�eh uha＀＀ nqt ezeeef the Janwat{ 3, 2222, A0D0, wh�ehexet �u eat＀�et0 A＀＀ uweh oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn
rat xa＀we r＀wu aeetwef �nteteut, anf that ua�f �nxeutoent uha＀＀ beat �nteteut at the eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ beat �nteteut at nqt ezeeef�ni hqwt anf qne/ha＀h ret eentwo ret
tate qh thtee (5) ret eent ret annwo0 annwo anf uha＀＀ oatwte rt�qt tq Janwat{ 3, 2222, A0D0 Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ haxe
(e) Vhe ua�f bqatf uha＀＀ annwa＀＀{ wue ua�f hwnfu �n eaeh eqwnt{ aeeqwnt, h�tut, tq rqwet tq feteto�ne a＀＀ qthet feta�＀u qh ua�f bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn
ra{ ewttent rt�ne�ra＀ anf �nteteut oatwt�ni, �h an{, qh ua�f bqnfu anf iauq＀�ne qt eett�h�eateu anf tq ue＀＀ at rwb＀�e ua＀e ahtet rwb＀�e afxett�ueoent, qt ezehanie ua�f
qthet hwe＀ taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu qh uweh eqwnt{ qt uree�a＀ tqaf anf bt�fie bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, wrqn uweh tetou anf eqnf�t�qnu
f�utt�et, qt qthet uree�a＀ taz�ni f�utt�et theteqh; ueeqnf, tq eutab＀�uh a u�n��ni hwnf au the utate bqatf uha＀＀ rtqx�fe0
aeeqwnt tq oeet hwtwte teqw�teoentu qh ua�f bqnfu anf iauq＀�ne qt qthet hwe＀ taz Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ a＀uq haxe rqwet tq r＀efie hqt the ra{oent qh the rt�ne�ra＀
ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu whete �t arreatu the ant�e�ratef �neqoe hqt an{ {eat qt qh anf �nteteut qn uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, �ne＀wf�ni
{eatu w�＀＀ nqt eqwa＀ uehefw＀ef ra{oentu theteqn; anf th�tf, an{ teoa�n�ni ba＀anee tehwnf�ni bqnfu qt tehwnf�ni oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, a＀＀ qt an{
qwt qh the rtqeeefu qh ua�f twq (2⁄) eentu qh ua�f tazeu uha＀＀ oqnth＀{ fwt�ni the {eat ratt htqo the ant�e�ratef texenweu tq be fet�xef htqo the ＀�eenu�ni qh oqtqt xeh�e＀eu
be teo�ttef b{ ua�f bqatf au hq＀＀qwu< G�iht{ (82') ret eent tq the State Tqaf rtqx�fef hqt �n th�u aoenfoent anf tq entet �ntq an{ eqxenantu anf qthet
Derattoent hqt the eqnuttwet�qn qt teeqnuttwet�qn qh utate tqafu anf bt�fieu w�th�n aiteeoentu w�th the hq＀fetu qh uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn
the eqwnt{, qt hqt the ＀eaue qt rwtehaue qh bt�fieu eqnneet�ni utate h�ihwa{u w�th�n eett�h�eateu at the t�oe qh the �uuwanee theteqh eqneetn�ni the ueewt�t{ theteqh anf
the eqwnt{, anf twent{ (22') ret eent tq the Dqatf qh Eqwnt{ Eqoo�uu�qnetu qh the t�ihtu qh the hq＀fetu theteqh, a＀＀ qh wh�eh eqxenantu anf aiteeoentu uha＀＀
uweh eqwnt{ hqt wue qn tqafu anf bt�fieu thete�n0 eqnut�twte ＀eia＀＀{ b�nf�ni anf �ttexqeab＀e eqnttaetu w�th uweh hq＀fetu anf uha＀＀ be
(f) Sa�f bqatf uha＀＀ haxe the rqwet tq oa�e anf enhqtee a＀＀ tw＀eu anf hw＀＀{ enhqteeab＀e b{ uweh hq＀fetu �n an{ eqwtt qh eqoretent �wt�uf�et�qn0
teiw＀at�qnu neeeuuat{ tq the hw＀＀ ezete�ue qh the rqwetu heteb{ itantef anf nq Pq uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ exet be �uuwef
＀ei�u＀at�qn uha＀＀ be teqw�tef tq tenfet th�u aoenfoent qh hw＀＀ hqtee anf qretat�ni b{ the utate bqatf wnt�＀ ahtet the afqrt�qn qh a teuq＀wt�qn teqweut�ni the �uuwanee
ehheet htqo anf ahtet Janwat{ 3ut, 3;650 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe the ＀ex�eu qh theteqh b{ the eqwnt{ bqatf qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn qh the eqwnt{ qn beha＀h qh wh�eh
ua�f tazeu fwt�ni the ＀�he qh th�u Aoenfoent, anf uha＀＀ nqt enaet an{ ＀aw hax�ni the uweh qb＀�iat�qnu ate tq be �uuwef0 Vhe utate bqatf qh efweat�qn uha＀＀ ＀�o�t the aoqwnt
ehheet qh w�thftaw�ni the rtqeeefu qh ua�f twq (2⁄) eentu qh ua�f tazeu htqo the qh uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu wh�eh ean be �uuwef qn
qretat�qn qh th�u aoenfoent0 Vhe bqatf uha＀＀ ra{ tehwnf�ni ezrenueu anf qthet beha＀h qh an{ eqwnt{ tq uexent{/h�xe ret eent qh the aoqwnt wh�eh �t feteto�neu ean
ezrenueu hqt uetx�eeu tenfetef uree�h�ea＀＀{ hqt, qt wh�eh ate rtqret＀{ ehatieab＀e tq, be uetx�eef b{ the texenwe aeetw�ni tq the eqwnt{ wnfet the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u
the aeeqwnt qh an{ eqwnt{ htqo hwnfu f�utt�bwtef tq uweh eqwnt{; bwt ieneta＀ aoenfoent, anf uweh feteto�nat�qn uha＀＀ be eqne＀wu�xe0 A＀＀ uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt
ezrenueu qh the bqatf hqt uetx�eeu tenfetef a＀＀ the eqwnt�eu a＀��e uha＀＀ be rtqtatef xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu uha＀＀ be �uuwef �n the naoe qh the utate bqatf qh
aoqni theo anf ra�f qwt qh ua�f hwnfu qn the uaoe bau�u ua�f taz rtqeeefu ate efweat�qn bwt uha＀＀ be �uuwef hqt anf qn beha＀h qh the eqwnt{ bqatf qh rwb＀�e
f�utt�bwtef aoqni the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu; rtqx�fef, terqtt qh ua�f ezrenueu uha＀＀ be �nuttwet�qn teqweut�ni the �uuwanee theteqh, anf nq e＀eet�qn qt arrtqxa＀ qh qwa＀�h�ef
oafe tq eaeh Teiw＀at Seuu�qn qh the Nei�u＀atwte, anf the Nei�u＀atwte oa{ ＀�o�t the e＀eetqtu qt hteehq＀fetu uha＀＀ be teqw�tef hqt the �uuwanee theteqh0
ezrenueu qh the bqatf0 (e) Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ �n eaeh {eat wue the hwnfu f�utt�bwtab＀e rwtuwant tq
J�utqt{0⁀Affef, S0J0T0 526, 3;63; afqrtef 3;620 th�u Aoenfoent tq the etef�t qh eaeh eqwnt{ qn＀{ �n the hq＀＀qw�ni oannet anf qtfet
5Pqte0´Pt�qt tq �tu aoenfoent b{ E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 5598, 3;92, uwbueet�qn (f)
qh rt�qt�t{<
teaf au hq＀＀qwu< (3) Vq ra{ a＀＀ aoqwntu qh rt�ne�ra＀ anf �nteteut oatwt�ni �n uweh {eat qn an{
(f) SEJQQN DQPDS0 Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn 38, qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu �uuwef wnfet the awthqt�t{ heteqh,
aoenfef, au �t ez�utef �ooef�ate＀{ behqte th�u tex�u�qn beeqoeu ehheet�xe �u �ne＀wf�ni tehwnf�ni bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, �uuwef qn
afqrtef b{ th�u tehetenee au ratt qh th�u tex�u�qn au eqor＀ete＀{ au thqwih beha＀h qh the Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh uweh eqwnt{; uwb�eet, hqwexet, tq an{
�neqtrqtatef hete�n xetbat�o, ezeert bqnfu qt taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu heteahtet eqxenantu qt aiteeoentu oafe b{ the State Dqatf eqneetn�ni the t�ihtu between
�uuwef thetewnfet oa{ beat �nteteut nqt �n ezeeuu qh h�xe ret eent ret annwo qt uweh hq＀fetu qh f�hhetent �uuweu qh uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn
h�ihet �nteteut au oa{ be awthqt�zef b{ utatwte rauuef b{ a thtee/h�hthu xqte qh eaeh eett�h�eateu, au hete�n awthqt�zef0
hqwue qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte0 Dqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u uwbueet�qn (f) uha＀＀ be
(2) Vq eutab＀�uh anf oa�nta�n a u�n��ni hwnf qt hwnfu tq oeet hwtwte
ra{ab＀e rt�oat�＀{ htqo texenweu au rtqx�fef �n Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn 38, qh the
teqw�teoentu hqt febt uetx�ee, qt teuetxeu thetehqt, qn bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, anf �h awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, oa{ be aff�t�qna＀＀{
taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu �uuwef qn beha＀h qh the Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh
ueewtef b{ r＀efi�ni the hw＀＀ ha�th anf etef�t qh the utate w�thqwt an e＀eet�qn0 Yhen
uweh eqwnt{, wnfet the awthqt�t{ heteqh, whenexet the State Dqatf uha＀＀ feeo �t
awthqt�zef b{ ＀aw, bqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq Att�e＀e ZKK, Seet�qn 38, qh the
neeeuuat{ qt afx�uab＀e, anf �n uweh aoqwntu anf wnfet uweh tetou anf eqnf�t�qnu
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, anf bqnfu �uuwef rwtuwant tq th�u uwbueet�qn
au the State Dqatf uha＀＀ �n �tu f�uetet�qn feteto�ne0
(f), oa{ be tehwnfef b{ the �uuwanee qh bqnfu aff�t�qna＀＀{ ueewtef b{ the hw＀＀ ha�th
anf etef�t qh the utate qn＀{ at a ＀qwet net axetaie �nteteut equt tate0 (5) Vq f�utt�bwte annwa＀＀{ tq the uexeta＀ Dqatfu qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh the
8Pqte0´Seet�qn 38, Att0 ZKK qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, teafu au eqwnt�eu hqt wue �n ra{oent qh febt uetx�ee qn bqnfu hetetqhqte qt heteahtet �uuwef
hq＀＀qwu< b{ an{ uweh Dqatf whete the rtqeeefu qh the bqnfu wete wuef, qt ate tq be wuef, �n
SGEVKQP 380 Sehqq＀ bqnfu hqt ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{, �uuwanee0´ the eqnuttwet�qn, aeqw�u�t�qn, �ortqxeoent, en＀atieoent, hwtn�uh�ni, qt eqw�rr�ni qh
(a) Dei�nn�ni Janwat{ 3, 3;85 anf hqt th�tt{/h�xe {eatu theteahtet, the h�tut ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu �n uweh eqwnt{, anf wh�eh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu haxe been
rtqeeefu qh the texenweu fet�xef htqo the ＀�eenu�ni qh oqtqt xeh�e＀eu tq the eztent arrtqxef b{ the Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh the eqwnt{, rwtuwant tq a uwtxe{ qt
neeeuuat{ tq eqor＀{ w�th the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u aoenfoent, uha＀＀, au eq＀＀eetef, be uwtxe{u eqnfwetef uwbueqwent tq Jw＀{ 3, 3;69 �n the eqwnt{, wnfet teiw＀at�qnu
r＀aeef oqnth＀{ �n the eqwnt{ ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ anf febt uetx�ee uehqq＀ hwnf �n the utate rteuet�bef b{ the State Dqatf tq feteto�ne the ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ neefu qh the eqwnt{0
tteauwt{, anf wuef qn＀{ au rtqx�fef �n th�u aoenfoent0 Sweh texenwe uha＀＀ be Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ haxe rqwet at the t�oe qh �uuwanee qh an{ bqnfu b{ an{
f�utt�bwtef annwa＀＀{ aoqni the uexeta＀ eqwnt�eu �n the tat�q qh the nwobet qh Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn tq eqxenant anf aitee w�th uweh Dqatf au tq the tan� anf
�nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n eaeh eqwnt{ �n eaeh {eat eqorwtef au rtqx�fef hete�n0 Vhe rt�qt�t{ qh ra{oentu tq be oafe hqt f�hhetent �uuweu qh bqnfu wnfet th�u Swbueet�qn
aoqwnt qh the h�tut texenweu fet�xef htqo the ＀�eenu�ni qh oqtqt xeh�e＀eu tq be uq uet (5), anf oa{ hwtthet aitee that an{ aoqwntu tq be f�utt�bwtef wnfet th�u Swbueet�qn
au�fe �n eaeh {eat anf f�utt�bwtef au rtqx�fef hete�n uha＀＀ be an aoqwnt eqwa＀ �n the (5) oa{ be r＀efief hqt the febt uetx�ee qn bqnfu �uuwef b{ an{ Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e
aiiteiate tq the rtqfwet qh hqwt hwnftef fq＀＀atu ow＀t�r＀�ef b{ the tqta＀ nwobet qh Knuttwet�qn anf hqt the tan� anf rt�qt�t{ qh uweh r＀efie0 An{ uweh eqxenantu qt
�nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n a＀＀ the eqwnt�eu qh H＀qt�fa0 Vhe nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n eaeh aiteeoentu qh the State Dqatf oa{ be enhqteef b{ an{ hq＀fetu qh uweh bqnfu �n an{
eqwnt{ �n eaeh {eat hqt the rwtrqueu qh th�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ be the iteatet qh (3) eqwtt qh eqoretent �wt�uf�et�qn0
the nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n eaeh eqwnt{ hqt the uehqq＀ h�uea＀ {eat 3;53/52 (6) Vq f�utt�bwte annwa＀＀{ tq the uexeta＀ Dqatfu qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh the
eqorwtef �n the oannet hetetqhqte rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, qt (2) the nwobet qh eqwnt�eu hqt the ra{oent qh the equt qh the eqnuttwet�qn, aeqw�u�t�qn, �ortqxeoent,
�nuttwet�qn wn�tu �n uweh eqwnt{ hqt the uehqq＀ h�uea＀ {eat eqorwtef �n the oannet en＀atieoent, hwtn�uh�ni, qt eqw�rr�ni qh ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu hqt uehqq＀ rwtrqueu
hetetqhqte qt heteahtet rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf arrtqxef b{ the utate bqatf qh �n uweh eqwnt{ au uha＀＀ be teqweutef b{ teuq＀wt�qn qh the Eqwnt{ Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e
efweat�qn (hete�nahtet ea＀＀ef the utate bqatf), qt (5) the nwobet qh �nuttwet�qn wn�tu Knuttwet�qn qh uweh eqwnt{0
�n eaeh eqwnt{ qn beha＀h qh wh�eh the utate bqatf qh efweat�qn hau �uuwef bqnfu qt (5) Yhen a＀＀ oa�qt ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ neefu qh a eqwnt{ haxe been oet au
oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu wnfet th�u aoenfoent wh�eh w�＀＀ rtqfwee feteto�nef b{ the State Dqatf, qn the bau�u qh a uwtxe{ oafe rwtuwant tq
uwhh�e�ent texenweu wnfet th�u aoenfoent tq eqwa＀ qne anf qne/th�tf t�oeu the teiw＀at�qnu qh the State Dqatf anf arrtqxef b{ the State Dqatf, a＀＀ uweh hwnfu
aiiteiate aoqwnt qh rt�ne�ra＀ qh anf �nteteut qn uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz teoa�n�ni uha＀＀ be f�utt�bwtef annwa＀＀{ anf wuef hqt uweh uehqq＀ rwtrqueu �n uweh
ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu wh�eh w�＀＀ oatwte anf beeqoe fwe �n uweh {eat, eqorwtef �n eqwnt{ au the Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh the eqwnt{ uha＀＀ feteto�ne, qt au oa{ be
the oannet hetetqhqte qt heteahtet rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf arrtqxef b{ the rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0
utate bqatf0 (f) Ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu qh a eqwnt{ uha＀＀ be e＀�i�b＀e tq ratt�e�rate �n the hwnfu
Sweh hwnfu uq f�utt�bwtef uha＀＀ be afo�n�utetef b{ the utate bqatf au nqw aeetw�ni wnfet th�u Aoenfoent anf fet�xef htqo the rtqeeefu qh bqnfu anf oqtqt
eteatef anf eqnut�twtef b{ Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e ZKK ]nqw u0 2, Att�e＀e KZ_ qh the xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu anf htqo the oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue tazeu, qn＀{ �n
Eqnut�twt�qn qh H＀qt�fa0 Hqt the rwtrqueu qh th�u aoenfoent, ua�f utate bqatf, au the qtfet qh rt�qt�t{ qh neefu, au uhqwn b{ a uwtxe{ qt uwtxe{u eqnfwetef �n the
nqw eqnut�twtef, uha＀＀ eqnt�nwe au a bqf{ eqtrqtate fwt�ni the ＀�he qh th�u aoenfoent eqwnt{ wnfet teiw＀at�qnu rteuet�bef b{ the State Dqatf, tq feteto�ne the ear�ta＀
anf uha＀＀ haxe a＀＀ the rqwetu rtqx�fef �n th�u aoenfoent �n aff�t�qn tq a＀＀ qthet qwt＀a{ neefu qh the eqwnt{ anf arrtqxef b{ the State Dqatf; rtqx�fef, that the
eqnut�twt�qna＀ anf utatwtqt{ rqwetu te＀atef tq the rwtrqueu qh th�u aoenfoent rt�qt�t{ qh uweh rtq�eetu oa{ be ehanief htqo t�oe tq t�oe wrqn the teqweut qh the
hetetqhqte qt heteahtet eqnhettef wrqn ua�f bqatf0 Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh the eqwnt{ anf w�th the arrtqxa＀ qh the State Dqatf;
(b) Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀, �n aff�t�qn tq �tu qthet eqnut�twt�qna＀ anf utatwtqt{ anf rtqx�fef hwtthet, that th�u Swbueet�qn (f) uha＀＀ nqt �n an{ oannet ahheet an{
rqwetu, haxe the oanaieoent, eqnttq＀ anf uwretx�u�qn qh the rtqeeefu qh the h�tut eqxenant, aiteeoent, qt r＀efie oafe b{ the State Dqatf �n the �uuwanee b{ ua�f
ratt qh the texenweu fet�xef htqo the ＀�eenu�ni qh oqtqt xeh�e＀eu rtqx�fef hqt �n State Dqatf qh an{ bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, qt �n
uwbueet�qn (a)0 Vhe utate bqatf uha＀＀ a＀uq haxe rqwet, hqt the rwtrque qh qbta�n�ni eqnneet�qn w�th the �uuwanee qh an{ bqnfu qh an{ Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh an{
hwnfu hqt the wue qh an{ eqwnt{ bqatf qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn �n aeqw�t�ni, bw�＀f�ni, eqwnt{0
eqnuttwet�ni, a＀tet�ni, �ortqx�ni, en＀ati�ni, hwtn�uh�ni, qt eqw�rr�ni ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ (e) Vhe State Dqatf oa{ �nxeut an{ u�n��ni hwnf qt hwnfu eteatef rwtuwant tq
rtq�eetu hqt uehqq＀ rwtrqueu, tq �uuwe bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn th�u Aoenfoent �n f�teet qb＀�iat�qnu qh the Wn�tef Stateu qh Aoet�ea qt �n the bqnfu

56
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, oatwtef qt tq oatwte, �uuwef b{ the qwtutanf�ni febtu, oa{ be teutt�etef qt w�thftawn b{
State Dqatf qn beha＀h qh the Dqatf qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn qh an{ eqwnt{0
(h) Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq oa�e anf enhqtee a＀＀ tw＀eu anf ＀aw0
teiw＀at�qnu neeeuuat{ tq the hw＀＀ ezete�ue qh the rqwetu hete�n itantef anf nq
＀ei�u＀at�qn uha＀＀ be teqw�tef tq tenfet th�u Aoenfoent qh hw＀＀ hqtee anf qretat�ni
ehheet htqo anf ahtet Janwat{ 3, 3;550 Vhe Nei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ nqt tefwee the ＀ex�eu qh SGEVKQP 380 Teqtian�zat�qn0´Vhe teqw�teoent
ua�f oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue tazeu fwt�ni the ＀�he qh th�u Aoenfoent tq an{ feitee qh Seet�qn 8, Att�e＀e KV qh th�u tex�u�qn uha＀＀ nqt arr＀{
wh�eh w�＀＀ ha�＀ tq rtqx�fe the hw＀＀ aoqwnt neeeuuat{ tq eqor＀{ w�th the rtqx�u�qnu qh
th�u Aoenfoent anf ra{ the neeeuuat{ ezrenueu qh afo�n�utet�ni the ＀awu te＀at�ni
wnt�＀ Jw＀{ 3, 3;8;0
tq the ＀�eenu�ni qh oqtqt xeh�e＀eu, anf uha＀＀ nqt enaet an{ ＀aw hax�ni the ehheet qh
w�thftaw�ni the rtqeeefu qh uweh oqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue tazeu htqo the qretat�qn qh SGEVKQP 390 Eqnh＀�et�ni rtqx�u�qnu0´Vh�u
th�u Aoenfoent anf uha＀＀ nqt enaet an{ ＀aw �ora�t�ni qt oatet�a＀＀{ a＀tet�ni the
t�ihtu qh the hq＀fetu qh an{ bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu �uuwef uehefw＀e �u feu�inef tq ehheet the qtfet＀{ ttanu�t�qn qh
rwtuwant tq th�u Aoenfoent qt �ora�t�ni qt a＀tet�ni an{ eqxenant qt aiteeoent qh iqxetnoent htqo the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef,
the State Dqatf, au rtqx�fef �n uweh bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn
eett�h�eateu0 tq th�u tex�u�qn anf uha＀＀ eqnttq＀ �n a＀＀ eaueu qh eqnh＀�et
Vhe State Dqatf uha＀＀ haxe rqwet tq arrq�nt uweh retuqnu anf h�z the�t w�th an{ ratt qh Att�e＀e K thtqwih KV, VKK, anf KZ thtqwih
eqorenuat�qn hqt the afo�n�uttat�qn qh the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u Aoenfoent au �t uha＀＀
feeo neeeuuat{, anf the ezrenueu qh the State Dqatf �n afo�n�utet�ni the ZK hete�n0
rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u Aoenfoent uha＀＀ be rtqtatef aoqni the xat�qwu eqwnt�eu anf
ra�f qwt qh the rtqeeefu qh the bqnfu qt oqtqt xeh�e＀e taz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu qt
htqo the hwnfu f�utt�bwtab＀e tq eaeh eqwnt{ qn the uaoe bau�u au uweh oqtqt xeh�e＀e
SGEVKQP 380 Dqnfu hqt hqwu�ni anf te＀atef
＀�eenue tazeu ate f�utt�bwtab＀e tq the xat�qwu eqwnt�eu wnfet the rtqx�u�qnu qh th�u hae�＀�t�eu0´Seet�qn 38 qh Att�e＀e VKK, rtqx�f�ni hqt
Aoenfoent0 Knteteut qt rtqh�t qn u�n��ni hwnf �nxeutoentu uha＀＀ aeetwe tq the bqnfu hqt hqwu�ni anf te＀atef hae�＀�t�eu, uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet
eqwnt�eu �n rtqrqtt�qn tq the�t teureet�xe eqw�t�eu �n the u�n��ni hwnf qt hwnfu0
J�utqt{0⁀Affef, S0J0T0 328, 3;53; afqrtef 3;52; (a), (b) Ao0 S0J0T0 238, 3;85; wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{ the e＀eetqtu0
afqrtef 3;860 J�utqt{0´Affef, S0J0T0 8/G, 3;82; afqrtef 3;820

3SGEVKQP 3SGEVKQP 3;0 Tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee rtqr/

320 Pteuetxat�qn qh ez�ut�ni iqxetn/
oent0´A＀＀ rtqx�u�qnu qh Att�e＀eu K thtqwih KV, VKK anf KZ ett{0´Vhe aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e VKK,
thtqwih ZZ qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, nqt te＀at�ni tq an ezeort�qn hqt a tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee
eobtaeef hete�n wh�eh ate nqt �neqnu�utent w�th th�u fex�ee anf tea＀ rtqrett{ qn wh�eh uweh fex�ee �u
tex�u�qn uha＀＀ beeqoe utatwteu uwb�eet tq oqf�h�eat�qn qt �nuta＀＀ef, �h afqrtef at the uree�a＀ e＀eet�qn �n Qetqbet
terea＀ au ate qthet utatwteu0 3;82, uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3, 3;830
3Pqte0´See tab＀e �n Vq＀woe 8 qh the H＀qt�fa Statwteu ttae�ni xat�qwu rtqx�u�qnu J�utqt{0´Affef, S0J0T0 35/G, 3;82; afqrtef 3;820
3Pqte0´
qh the Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885, au aoenfef, �ntq the H＀qt�fa Statwteu0
A0 Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 38 b{ S0J0T0 35/G, 3;82, wau
tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 3; b{ the ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f eqnhwu�qn w�th ueet�qn 38 au
SGEVKQP 330 De＀et�qn qh qbuq＀ete uehefw＀e eqnta�nef �n S0J0T0 8/G, 3;820
D0 Vhe aoenfoent tq ueet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e VKK, te＀at�ni tq an ezeort�qn hqt
�teou0´Vhe ＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ haxe rqwet, b{ �q�nt tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee rtqrett{, wau terea＀ef ehheet�xe Pqxeobet 6, 2228, b{
teuq＀wt�qn, tq fe＀ete htqo th�u tex�u�qn an{ ueet�qn qh Ao0 rtqrquef b{ the Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 5,
2228, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 28, 2228; afqrtef 22280
th�u Att�e＀e ZKK, �ne＀wf�ni th�u ueet�qn, when a＀＀ exentu tq
wh�eh the ueet�qn tq be fe＀etef �u qt eqw＀f beeqoe
SGEVKQP 220 Aeeeuu tq rwb＀�e teeqtfu0´See/
arr＀�eab＀e haxe qeewttef0 A ＀ei�u＀at�xe feteto�nat�qn qh
t�qn 26 qh Att�e＀e K, te＀at�ni tq aeeeuu tq rwb＀�e teeqtfu,
haet oafe au a bau�u hqt arr＀�eat�qn qh th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀
uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Jw＀{ 3, 3;;50
be uwb�eet tq �wf�e�a＀ tex�ew0 J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt E0S0 hqt J0J0T0'u 3929, 885, 2255, 3;;2; afqrtef
3;;20
SGEVKQP 320 Senatqtu0´Vhe teqw�teoentu qh
utaiietef tetou qh uenatqtu �n Seet�qn 35(a), qh Att�e＀e SGEVKQP 230 State texenwe ＀�o�tat�qn0´Vhe
KKK qh th�u tex�u�qn uha＀＀ arr＀{ qn＀{ tq uenatqtu e＀eetef �n aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 3 qh Att�e＀e VKK ＀�o�t�ni utate
Pqxeobet, 3;92, anf theteahtet0 texenweu uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3, 3;;5, anf uha＀＀
h�tut be arr＀�eab＀e tq utate h�uea＀ {eat 3;;5/3;;80
J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 2255, 3;;6; afqrtef 3;;60
SGEVKQP 350 Nei�u＀at�xe arrqtt�qnoent0´Vhe
teqw�teoentu qh ＀ei�u＀at�xe arrqtt�qnoent �n Seet�qn
SGEVKQP 220 J�utqt�e rtqrett{ ezeort�qn anf
38 qh Att�e＀e KKK qh th�u tex�u�qn uha＀＀ arr＀{ qn＀{ tq the
auueuuoent0´Vhe aoenfoentu tq Seet�qnu 5 anf 6 qh
arrqtt�qnoent qh the ＀ei�u＀atwte hq＀＀qw�ni the feeenn�a＀
Att�e＀e VKK te＀at�ni tq af xa＀qteo taz ezeort�qn hqt, anf
eenuwu qh 3;92, anf theteahtet0
auueuuoent qh, h�utqt�e rtqrett{ uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet
Janwat{ 3, 3;;;0
SGEVKQP 360 Terteuentat�xeu; tetou0´Vhe ＀ei/ J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 ;8;, 3;;9; afqrtef 3;;80
�u＀atwte at �tu h�tut teiw＀at ueuu�qn hq＀＀qw�ni the tat�h�ea/
t�qn qh th�u tex�u�qn, b{ �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn, uha＀＀ rtqrque tq 3SGEVKQP 250 H�uh anf w�＀f＀�he eqnuetxat�qn
the e＀eetqtu qh the utate hqt tat�h�eat�qn qt te�eet�qn �n the eqoo�uu�qn0´
ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn qh 3;92 an aoenfoent tq Att�e＀e KKK, (a) Vhe �n�t�a＀ oeobetu qh the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be
Seet�qn 35(b), qh the eqnut�twt�qn rtqx�f�ni utaiietef the oeobetu qh the iaoe anf hteuh watet h�uh
tetou qh hqwt {eatu hqt oeobetu qh the hqwue qh eqoo�uu�qn anf the oat�ne h�uhet�eu eqoo�uu�qn whq
terteuentat�xeu0 ate uetx�ni qn thque eqoo�uu�qnu qn the ehheet�xe fate
qh th�u aoenfoent, whq oa{ uetxe the teoa�nfet qh
SGEVKQP 350 Sree�a＀ f�utt�et tazeu0´Af xa＀qteo the�t teureet�xe tetou0 Pew arrq�ntoentu tq the eqo/
taz�ni rqwet xeutef b{ ＀aw �n uree�a＀ f�utt�etu ez�ut�ni o�uu�qn uha＀＀ nqt be oafe wnt�＀ the tet�teoent, teu�ina/
when th�u tex�u�qn beeqoeu ehheet�xe uha＀＀ nqt be t�qn, teoqxa＀, qt ezr�tat�qn qh the tetou qh the �n�t�a＀
abtqiatef b{ Seet�qn ;(b) qh Att�e＀e VKK hete�n, bwt oeobetu teuw＀tu �n hewet than uexen oeobetu teoa�n/
uweh rqwetu, ezeert tq the eztent neeeuuat{ tq ra{ �ni0
55
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

(b) Vhe �wt�uf�et�qn qh the oat�ne h�uhet�eu eqoo�u/ anf th�u ueet�qn, �h uwbo�ttef tq the e＀eetqtu qh th�u utate
u�qn au uet hqtth �n utatwteu �n ehheet qn Mateh 3, 3;;8, hqt arrtqxa＀ qt te�eet�qn at a uree�a＀ e＀eet�qn awthqt�zef
uha＀＀ be ttanuhettef tq the h�uh anf w�＀f＀�he eqnuetxat�qn b{ ＀aw tq be he＀f qn Janwat{ 2;, 2228, uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet
eqoo�uu�qn0 Vhe �wt�uf�et�qn qh the oat�ne h�uhet�eu wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{ the e＀eetqtu anf uha＀＀ qretate tettq/
eqoo�uu�qn ttanuhettef tq the eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ nqt be aet�xe＀{ tq Janwat{ 3, 2228, qt, �h uwbo�ttef tq the
ezranfef ezeert au rtqx�fef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 A＀＀ tw＀eu qh e＀eetqtu qh th�u utate hqt arrtqxa＀ qt te�eet�qn at the nezt
the oat�ne h�uhet�eu eqoo�uu�qn anf iaoe anf hteuh ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn, uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3 qh the {eat
watet h�uh eqoo�uu�qn �n ehheet qn the ehheet�xe fate qh hq＀＀qw�ni uweh ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn0 Vhe aoenfoentu tq
th�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ beeqoe tw＀eu qh the h�uh anf Seet�qn 6 qh Att�e＀e VKK eteat�ni 3uwbueet�qnu (h) anf (i)
w�＀f＀�he eqnuetxat�qn eqoo�uu�qn wnt�＀ uwretuefef qt qh that ueet�qn, eteat�ni a ＀�o�tat�qn qn annwa＀ auueuu/
aoenfef b{ the eqoo�uu�qn0 oent �neteaueu hqt uree�h�ef tea＀ rtqrett{, uha＀＀ ta�e
(e) Qn the ehheet�xe fate qh th�u aoenfoent, the ehheet wrqn arrtqxa＀ qh the e＀eetqtu anf uha＀＀ h�tut ＀�o�t
oat�ne h�uhet�eu eqoo�uu�qn anf iaoe anf hteuh watet auueuuoentu bei�nn�ni Janwat{ 3, 222;, �h arrtqxef at
h�uh eqoo�uu�qn uha＀＀ be abq＀�uhef0 a uree�a＀ e＀eet�qn he＀f qn Janwat{ 2;, 2228, qt uha＀＀ h�tut
(f) Vh�u aoenfoent uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Jw＀{ 3, 3;;;0 ＀�o�t auueuuoentu bei�nn�ni Janwat{ 3, 2232, �h ar/
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 5,
3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 rtqxef at the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn he＀f �n Pqxeobet qh
3Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 22 b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 5 qh the

Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, 3;;8, wau tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 25 b{ the

22280 3Swbueet�qnu (h) anf (i) qh Seet�qn 6 qh Att�e＀e VKK
ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f eqnhwu�qn w�th ueet�qn 22 au eteatef �n J0J0T0 ;8;, 3;;90 ate terea＀ef ehheet�xe Janwat{ 3, 223;; hqwexet, the
＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ b{ �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn rtqrque an aoenf/
3SGEVKQP 260 Gzeewt�xe btaneh tehqto0´ oent abtqiat�ni the terea＀ qh 3uwbueet�qnu (h) anf (i),
(a) Vhe aoenfoentu eqnta�nef �n th�u tex�u�qn uha＀＀ wh�eh uha＀＀ be uwbo�ttef tq the e＀eetqtu qh th�u utate hqt
ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 9, 2225, bwt uha＀＀ iqxetn w�th arrtqxa＀ qt te�eet�qn at the ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn qh 2238 anf,
teureet tq the qwa＀�h{�ni hqt anf the hq＀f�ni qh rt�oat{ �h arrtqxef, uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3, 223;0
e＀eet�qnu �n 22220 Vhe qhh�ee qh eh�eh h�nane�a＀ qhh�eet J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt S0J0T0 2/D, 2229; afqrtef 22280
3Pqte0´Swbueet�qnu (h) anf (i) qh u0 6, Att0 VKK qh the State Eqnut�twt�qn, au
uha＀＀ be a new qhh�ee au a teuw＀t qh th�u tex�u�qn0 eteatef b{ S0J0T0 2/D, 2229, afqrtef Janwat{ 2;, 2228, wete tefeu�inatef au
(b) Kn the exent the ueetetat{ qh utate �u teoqxef au uwbueet�qnu (i) anf (h) b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 6, Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto
a eab�net qhh�ee �n the 3;;8 ieneta＀ e＀eet�qn, the teto Eqoo�uu�qn, afqrtef Pqxeobet 6, 22280
¬ewutqf�an qh utate teeqtfu¹ uha＀＀ be uwbut�twtef hqt the
teto ¬ueetetat{ qh utate¹ thtqwihqwt the eqnut�twt�qn anf SGEVKQP 280 Ptqrett{ taz ezeort�qn anf e＀au/
the fwt�eu rtex�qwu＀{ rethqtoef b{ the ueetetat{ qh utate u�h�eat�qn anf auueuuoent qh ＀anf wuef hqt eqn/
uha＀＀ be au rtqx�fef b{ ＀aw0 uetxat�qn rwtrqueu0´Vhe aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 5 qh
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 8, Att�e＀e VKK teqw�t�ni the eteat�qn qh an af xa＀qteo taz
3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80
3
Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 22 b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 8 qh the ezeort�qn hqt tea＀ rtqrett{ fef�eatef �n retretw�t{ hqt
Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, 3;;8, wau tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 26 b{ the eqnuetxat�qn rwtrqueu, anf the aoenfoent tq Seet�qn
ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f eqnhwu�qn w�th ueet�qn 22 au eteatef �n J0J0T0 ;8;, 3;;90
6 qh Att�e＀e VKK teqw�t�ni ＀anf wuef hqt eqnuetxat�qn
3SGEVKQP 250 Sehefw＀e tq Att�e＀e V aoenfoent0 rwtrqueu tq be e＀auu�h�ef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw anf auueuuef
(a) Eqooene�ni w�th h�uea＀ {eat 2222/2223, the uq＀e＀{ qn the bau�u qh ehataetet qt wue hqt rwtrqueu qh af
＀ei�u＀atwte uha＀＀ arrtqrt�ate hwnfu tq ra{ hqt the xa＀qteo tazat�qn, uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{ the
ua＀at�eu, equtu, anf ezrenueu uet hqtth �n the aoenf/ e＀eetqtu anf uha＀＀ be �or＀eoentef b{ Janwat{ 3, 22320
oent tq Seet�qn 36 qh Att�e＀e V rwtuwant tq a rhaue/�n Vh�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet wrqn arrtqxa＀ qh the
uehefw＀e eutab＀�uhef b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw0 e＀eetqtu0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
(b) Wn＀euu qthetw�ue rtqx�fef hete�n, the aoenf/ 6, 2228, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 28, 2228; afqrtef 22280
oent tq Seet�qn 36 uha＀＀ be hw＀＀{ ehheetwatef b{ Jw＀{ 3,
22260 SGEVKQP 2;0 N�o�tat�qn qn the auueuuef xa＀we
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 9,
3;;8, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Ma{ 5, 3;;8; afqrtef 3;;80 qh tea＀ rtqrett{ wuef hqt teu�fent�a＀ rwtrqueu0´
3Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 22 b{ Tex�u�qn Pq0 9 qh the

Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, 3;;8, wau tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 25 b{ the

(a) Vhe terea＀ qh the tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee
ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f eqnhwu�qn w�th ueet�qn 22 au eteatef �n J0J0T0 ;8;, 3;;90 rtqrett{ taz ezeort�qn �n Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e VKK uha＀＀
ta�e ehheet wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{ the xqtetu0
SGEVKQP 280 Kneteauef hqoeuteaf ezeort�qn0 (b) Vhe aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 6 qh Att�e＀e VKK
Vhe aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 8 qh Att�e＀e VKK �neteau�ni the awthqt�z�ni the ＀ei�u＀atwte tq rtqh�b�t an �neteaue �n
oaz�owo aff�t�qna＀ aoqwnt qh the hqoeuteaf ezeor/ the auueuuef xa＀we qh tea＀ rtqrett{ wuef hqt teu�fent�a＀
t�qn hqt ＀qw/�neqoe uen�qtu uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3, rwtrqueu au the teuw＀t qh �ortqx�ni the rtqrett{'u
22290 teu�utanee tq w�nf faoaie qt �nuta＀＀�ni a tenewab＀e
J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 555, 2228; afqrtef 22280
eneti{ uqwtee fex�ee uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3, 222;0
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0
SGEVKQP 290 Ptqrett{ taz ezeort�qnu anf ＀�o/ 5, 2228, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 28, 2228; afqrtef 22280
�tat�qnu qn rtqrett{ taz auueuuoentu0´Vhe aoenf/
oentu tq Seet�qnu 5, 6, anf 8 qh Att�e＀e VKK, rtqx�f�ni a SGEVKQP 520 Auueuuoent qh wqt��ni watethtqnt
&25,222 ezeort�qn hqt tani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{, rtqrett{0´Vhe aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 6 qh Att�e＀e VKK
rtqx�f�ni an aff�t�qna＀ &25,222 hqoeuteaf ezeort�qn, rtqx�f�ni hqt the auueuuoent qh wqt��ni watethtqnt
awthqt�z�ni ttanuhet qh the aeetwef beneh�t htqo the rtqrett{ bauef qn ewttent wue, anf th�u ueet�qn, uha＀＀
＀�o�tat�qnu qn the auueuuoent qh hqoeuteaf rtqrett{, ta�e ehheet wrqn arrtqxa＀ b{ the e＀eetqtu anf uha＀＀ h�tut
58
ATVKENG ZKK EQPSVKVWVKQP QH VJG SVAVG QH HNQTKDA ATVKENG ZKK

arr＀{ tq auueuuoentu hqt taz {eatu bei�nn�ni Janwat{ ＀ei�u＀atwte, uwb�eet tq ＀�o�tat�qnu uet hqtth �n ieneta＀ ＀aw,
3, 22320 tq ezeort the auueuuef xa＀we qh uq＀at fex�eeu qt
J�utqt{0´Ptqrquef b{ Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, Tex�u�qn Pq0 tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�eeu uwb�eet tq tani�b＀e
8, 2228, h�＀ef w�th the Seetetat{ qh State Art�＀ 28, 2228; afqrtef 22280
retuqna＀ rtqrett{ taz htqo af xa＀qteo tazat�qn, anf the
SGEVKQP 530 Aff�t�qna＀ af xa＀qteo taz ezeor/ aoenfoent tq uwbueet�qn (�) qh Seet�qn 6 qh Att�e＀e VKK
t�qn hqt eetta�n oeobetu qh the atoef hqteeu awthqt�z�ni the ＀ei�u＀atwte, b{ ieneta＀ ＀aw, tq rtqh�b�t
fer＀q{ef qn aet�xe fwt{ qwtu�fe qh the Wn�tef the eqnu�fetat�qn qh the �nuta＀＀at�qn qh a uq＀at fex�ee qt a
Stateu0´Vhe aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e VKK tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�ee �n feteto�n�ni the
rtqx�f�ni hqt an aff�t�qna＀ af xa＀qteo taz ezeort�qn hqt auueuuef xa＀we qh tea＀ rtqrett{ hqt the rwtrque qh af
oeobetu qh the Wn�tef Stateu o�＀�tat{ qt o�＀�tat{ xa＀qteo tazat�qn uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet qn Janwat{ 3, 2238,
teuetxeu, the Wn�tef Stateu Eqaut Gwatf qt �tu teuetxeu, anf uha＀＀ ezr�te qn Deeeobet 53, 22590 Wrqn ezr�ta/
qt the H＀qt�fa Pat�qna＀ Gwatf fer＀q{ef qn aet�xe fwt{ t�qn, th�u ueet�qn uha＀＀ be terea＀ef anf the tezt qh
qwtu�fe qh the Wn�tef Stateu �n uwrrqtt qh o�＀�tat{ uwbueet�qn (e) qh Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e VKK anf uwbueet�qn
qretat�qnu feu�inatef b{ the ＀ei�u＀atwte anf th�u (�) qh Seet�qn 6 qh Att�e＀e VKK uha＀＀ texett tq that �n
ueet�qn uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3, 22330 ez�utenee qn Deeeobet 53, 2239, ezeert that an{
J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 855, 222;; afqrtef 22320
aoenfoentu tq uweh tezt qthetw�ue afqrtef uha＀＀ be
rteuetxef anf eqnt�nwe tq qretate tq the eztent that
SGEVKQP 520 Vetetanu f�uab＀ef fwe tq eqobat uweh aoenfoentu ate nqt ferenfent wrqn the rqtt�qnu
�n�wt{; hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ taz f�ueqwnt0´Vhe
qh tezt wh�eh ezr�te rwtuwant tq th�u ueet�qn0
aoenfoent tq uwbueet�qn (e) qh Seet�qn 8 qh Att�e＀e J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 3;5, 2238; afqrtef 22380
VKK te＀at�ni tq the hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ taz f�ueqwnt hqt
xetetanu whq beeaoe f�uab＀ef au the teuw＀t qh a eqobat SGEVKQP 550 Vaz ezeort�qn hqt tqta＀＀{ anf
�n�wt{ uha＀＀ ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3, 22350 retoanent＀{ f�uab＀ef h�tut teurqnfetu0´Vhe
J�utqt{0´Affef, S0J0T0 5;2, 2233; afqrtef 22320
aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 8 qh Att�e＀e VKK te＀at�ni tq te＀�eh
3SGEVKQP 550 Af xa＀qteo taz te＀�eh hqt uwtx�x�ni htqo af xa＀qteo tazeu auueuuef qn hqoeuteaf rtqr/
urqwueu qh xetetanu whq f�ef htqo uetx�ee/eqn/ ett{ hqt h�tut teurqnfetu, whq ate tqta＀＀{ anf retoa/
neetef eawueu anf h�tut teurqnfetu whq f�ef �n the nent＀{ f�uab＀ef au a teuw＀t qh �n�wt�eu uwuta�nef �n the
＀�ne qh fwt{0´Vh�u ueet�qn anf the aoenfoent tq ＀�ne qh fwt{, ta�eu ehheet Janwat{ 3, 22390
J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 322;, 2238; afqrtef 22380
Seet�qn 8 qh Att�e＀e VKK reto�tt�ni the ＀ei�u＀atwte tq
rtqx�fe af xa＀qteo taz te＀�eh tq uwtx�x�ni urqwueu qh
xetetanu whq f�ef htqo uetx�ee/eqnneetef eawueu anf SGEVKQP 580 Aff�t�qna＀ af xa＀qteo ezeort�qn
h�tut teurqnfetu whq f�ef �n the ＀�ne qh fwt{ uha＀＀ ta�e hqt retuqnu aie u�zt{/h�xe qt q＀fet0´Vh�u ueet�qn anf
ehheet Janwat{ 3, 22350 the aoenfoent tq Seet�qn 8 qh Att�e＀e VKK tex�u�ni the
3
J�utqt{0´Affef, J0J0T0 ;5, 2232; afqrtef 22320 �wut xa＀we feteto�nat�qn hqt the aff�t�qna＀ af xa＀qteo
Pqte0´Vh�u ueet�qn, qt�i�na＀＀{ feu�inatef ueet�qn 52 b{ J0J0T0 ;5, 2232, wau
tefeu�inatef ueet�qn 55 b{ the ef�tqtu �n qtfet tq axq�f eqnhwu�qn w�th ueet�qn 52 au taz ezeort�qn hqt retuqnu aie u�zt{/h�xe qt q＀fet uha＀＀
eteatef �n S0J0T0 5;2, 22330 ta�e ehheet Janwat{ 3, 2239, hq＀＀qw�ni arrtqxa＀ b{ the
e＀eetqtu, anf uha＀＀ qretate tettqaet�xe＀{ tq Janwat{ 3,
SGEVKQP 560 Sq＀at fex�eeu qt tenewab＀e eneti{ 2235, hqt an{ retuqn whq teee�xef the ezeort�qn wnfet
uqwtee fex�eeu; ezeort�qn htqo eetta�n tazat�qn rataitarh (2) qh Seet�qn 8(f) qh Att�e＀e VKK behqte
anf auueuuoent0´Vh�u ueet�qn, the aoenfoent tq Janwat{ 3, 22390
uwbueet�qn (e) qh Seet�qn 5 qh Att�e＀e VKK awthqt�z�ni the J�utqt{0´Affef, E0S0 hqt J0J0T0 295, 2238; afqrtef 22380

59
 INDEX
FOREWORD
Kn the �nfez tq the H＀qt�fa Eqnut�twt�qn, ¬A¹ tehetu tq the Att�e＀e qh the Eqnut�twt�qn
anf ¬S¹ tehetu tq the Seet�qn w�th�n the Att�e＀e0 Vh�u �nfez �ne＀wfeu teheteneeu tq the
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885 when that Eqnut�twt�qn �u �neqtrqtatef b{ tehetenee �n the
rteuent Eqnut�twt�qn0

A AMENDMENT (Eqnt0)
Tex�u�qn eqoo�uu�qn, A33 S2, A33 S5(a)
ABORTION Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, A33 S5(a),
M�nqtu, rt�qt nqt�h�eat�qn qh ratent, A32 S22 A33 S8(e)

AD VALOREM TAXES APPORTIONMENT OF LEGISLATURE

See VAZAVKQP See NGGKSNAVWTG

ADMINISTRATION, STATE BOARD OF, A6 S6(e), APPROPRIATIONS

A32 S;(a), (e) Dqnf febt uetx�ee, A9 S33(b)

E＀et�u qh e�tew�t anf eqwnt{ eqwttu, A5 S36(b)

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES Ewttent utate ezrenueu, A5 S32

Jwf�e�a＀ tex�ew, afo�n�uttat�xe aet�qn, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(b), Gfweat�qn ＀qttet{ hwnfu, A32 S35

A5 S5(b) H�uh anf Y�＀f＀�he Eqnuetxat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A6 S;

Pena＀t�eu, �orqu�t�qn qh, A3 S38 Geneta＀ arrtqrt�at�qn b�＀＀u, A5 S8, A5 S32, A5 S3;(b), (f)

Swau�/�wf�e�a＀ rqwet, A5 S3 J�ih ureef itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo, A32 S3;

Sentenee qh �ort�uqnoent, A3 S38 Kteo�zat�qn teqw�teoentu, A5 S3;(b)

Wt�＀�t�eu teiw＀at�qn, Swrteoe Eqwtt tex�ew, A5 S5(b) Nei�u＀at�xe Dwfiet Eqoo�uu�qn, fwt�eu, A5 S3;(e)

Nqea＀ iqxetnoent a�f, A9 S8

ADVERSE MEDICAL INCIDENTS, A32 S25 Manfatef ezrenf�twte qh hwnfu b{ ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu,

A9 S38(a)
AGRICULTURE, COMMISSIONER OF Mqne{ ftawn htqo utate tteauwt{, A9 S3(e)
(See also EADKPGV) Pwb＀�e fehenfetu' qhh�eeu, A5 S36(a), A32 S25
Ait�ew＀twta＀ oattetu, uwretx�u�qn, A6 S6(f) Teewtt�ni rwtrqueu arrtqrt�at�qnu oafe htqo nqnteewtt�ni
Eab�net, oeobet, A6 S6(a) ieneta＀ texenwe hwnfu, ＀�o�tat�qn, A5 S3;(a)
G＀eet�qn, A6 S5(a) Tex�ew ret�qf, A5 S3;(f)
Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a) Sa＀at�eu hqt rwb＀�e qhh�eetu, A5 S32
Kntetna＀ �ortqxeoent ttwut hwnf, ttwutee, A6 S6(h) Sehqq＀ f�utt�et a�f, A9 S8
Nanf aeqw�u�t�qn ttwut hwnf, ttwutee, A6 S6(h) State attqtne{u' qhh�eeu, A5 S36(a), A32 S25
Naw Gnhqteeoent, Derattoent qh; aiene{ heaf, A6 S6(i) State eqwttu u{uteo, A5 S36(a), (f), A32 S25
Qhh�ee ＀qeat�qn, A2 S2 State uehqq＀ hwnf, A; S8
Pqwetu anf fwt�eu, A6 S6(a), (f) Vqbaeeq Gfweat�qn anf Ptexent�qn Ptqitao, A32 S29(b)
Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A6 S5(b) Vetq, A5 S8, A5 S3;(b)
Veto qh qhh�ee, A6 S5(a)
ARMED FORCES
AIR POLLUTION, A2 S9(a), A6 S;, A9 S36 See MKNKVKA

AIRCRAFT, A9 S3(b) ARMS, RIGHT TO BEAR, A3 S8(a)

AIRPORTS, A9 S32(e) ASSEMBLY, RIGHT OF, A3 S5

ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, A8 S5(a), A8 S8(b) ATTAINDER, BILLS OF, A3 S32, A3 S39

ALIENS, A3 S2 ATTORNEY GENERAL

(See also EADKPGV)
AMENDMENT Afo�n�uttat�qn, State Dqatf qh; oeobet, A6 S6(e)
Eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn, A33 S6, A33 S5(a)
Eab�net, oeobet, A6 S6(a)
Ghheet�xe fate, A33 S5(e)
Eh�eh ＀eia＀ qhh�eet qh utate, A6 S6(b)
G＀eet�qn hqt arrtqxa＀, A33 S5
Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, oeobet, A33 S2(a)
Jqwue qh Terteuentat�xeu, rtqrquef teto qh qhh�ee, A32 S36
G＀eet�qn, A6 S5(a)
Kn�t�at�xeu, A33 S5, A33 S5(b), (e)
Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a)
Nei�u＀at�xe �q�nt teuq＀wt�qn, A33 S3, A33 S5(a)
Kn�t�at�xe ret�t�qnu, teqweut�ni Swrteoe Eqwtt afx�uqt{
Pwb＀�eat�qn, A33 S5(f)
qr�n�qn, A6 S32, A5 S5(b)

3
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

ATTORNEY GENERAL (Eqnt0) BONDS (Eqnt0)

Kntetna＀ �ortqxeoent ttwut hwnf, ttwutee, A6 S6(h) Texenwe bqnfu (Eqnt0)

Nanf aeqw�u�t�qn ttwut hwnf, ttwutee, A6 S6(h) Ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu, A9 S33(f), A32 S;(b)

Naw Gnhqteeoent, Derattoent qh; aiene{ heaf, A6 S6(i) Eqnuetxat�qn anf teeteat�qn ＀anfu, aeqw�u�t�qn anf

Nei�u＀at�xe arrqtt�qnoent �ortqxeoent, A9 S33(e), A32 S;(a)

Jwf�e�a＀ tearrqtt�qnoent ret�t�qn, A5 S38(b), (e) Debt uetx�ee qn bqnfu, A32 S28(b)
Jwf�e�a＀ tex�ew ret�t�qn, A5 S38(e), (e)
J�utqt�e rteuetxat�qn, A9 S33(e)
M�n�owo waie, enhqteeoent awthqt�t{, A32 S26(e)
Jqwu�ni anf te＀atef hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S38, A32 S38
Qhh�ee ＀qeat�qn, A2 S2
Knfwutt�a＀ qt oanwhaetwt�ni r＀antu, A9 S32(e)
Pqwetu anf fwt�eu, A6 S6(a), (b)
Nei�u＀at�xe arrtqxa＀ qh rtq�eet, A9 S33(h)
Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A6 S5(b)
Pq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ anf abateoent hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36
Teeteat�qn fexe＀qroent bqnf xa＀�fat�qn rtqeeef�niu,
Pqtt hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(e)
A32 S;(a)
Tehwnf�ni bqnfu, A32 S;(b), (e), (f)
Statew�fe rtqueewtqt, arrq�ntoent, A6 S6(b)
Tera{oent, uqwtee qh hwnfu, A9 S33(f)
Veto qh qhh�ee, A6 S5(a)
Stwfent ＀qanu, A9 S35
Yaute f�urqua＀ hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW Yatet hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36
Afo�uu�qn tq rtaet�ee, A5 S35 Yatet teuqwtee fexe＀qroent, A9 S33(e)
Dat, See HNQTKDA DAT Tqafu anf h�ihwa{u, A9 S39, A32 S;(b), (e)

Eqwtt/arrq�ntef eqwnue＀, hwnf�ni, A5 S36(a), A32 S25 Sa＀e, eqob�n�ni �uuweu, A9 S33(e)

Et�o�na＀ fehenfantu, t�iht tq eqwnue＀, A3 S38(a) Sehqq＀ ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu, A9 S32, A32 S;(a), (f)

D�ue�r＀�ne, A5 S35 Sehqq＀ f�utt�etu, A9 S32

Sree�a＀ f�utt�etu, A9 S32(e), A9 S32

ATTORNEYS’ FEES, A3 S28, A32 S26(e) State bqnfu, A9 S33, A9 S36, A9 S35, A9 S38, A9 S39,

A32 S;

AUDITOR, A5 S2 Stwfent ＀qanu, A9 S35

Vaz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, A9 S32

Vaz ＀ex�eu hqt ra{oent qh febt

B Af xa＀qteo tazeu, A9 S32

Gtquu teee�rtu taz, wt�＀�t{ uetx�eeu, A32 S;(a)

BEACHES, A32 S33, A32 S28(b) Seeqnf iau taz, A32 S;(e)

Vtanurqttat�qn t�ihtu/qh/wa{, A9 S39

BILLS OF ATTAINDER, A3 S32, A3 S39 Va＀�fat�qn, A5 S5(b)

Vqtet arrtqxa＀, A9 S33(a), A9 S32(a)

Yaute f�urqua＀ hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36

BLIND PERSONS, A9 S5(b)

Yatet hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36

Yatet teuqwtee fexe＀qroent, A9 S33(e)

BOATS
N�eenue taz, A9 S3(b)

Veuue＀ ＀awneheu, oat�nau, anf oat�ne oanwhaetwt�ni

BOUNDARIES (STATE), A2 S3
hae�＀�t�eu; taz auueuuoentu, A9 S6(�), A32 S52

BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT, A2 S5
BOND (PUBLIC OFFICERS), A2 S5(b)
BRIDGES, A9 S39
BONDS
A�trqttu, A9 S32(e)
BROWARD COUNTY, A32 S25
Dt�fieu, A9 S39

Ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu, A9 S32(e), A9 S33(a), (f), A9 S32(a),

BUDGETING
A32 S;
Af�wutoentu w�thqwt eqnewttenee qh hw＀＀ ＀ei�u＀atwte,
Eett�h�eateu qh �nfebtefneuu, A9 S32
A5 S3;(e)
Eqnuetxat�qn anf teeteat�qn ＀anfu, aeqw�u�t�qn anf
Dwfiet utab�＀�zat�qn hwnf, A5 S3;(i), A9 S3(e)
�ortqxeoent, A9 S33(e), A32 S;(a) Gqxetnqt, teurqnu�b�＀�t{, A6 S3(a), A6 S35
Eqwnt�eu, A9 S32(e), A9 S32 Nei�u＀at�xe Dwfiet Eqoo�uu�qn, A5 S3;(e), (�)
Debt ＀�o�tat�qn, A9 S33(a), A9 S36(e), A9 S38(e), A32 S;(e) Tefwet�qnu tq oeet texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, A5 S3;(h), A6 S35
Ha�th anf etef�t qh utate, r＀efi�ni, A9 S33(a), (e), A9 S36(a), State bwfiet�ni rtqeeuueu, A5 S3;, A9 S3(e)
A9 S38(b), A9 S39, A32 S;

H�zef ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu, A9 S33(a), (f)

J�utqt�e rteuetxat�qn, A9 S33(e)

C
Jqwu�ni anf te＀atef hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S38, A32 S38

Knfwutt�a＀ qt oanwhaetwt�ni r＀antu, A9 S32(e)

CABINET
Kuuwef rwtuwant tq 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn, A32 S8
Arrq�ntoent qt teoqxa＀ qh qhh�eetu, arrtqxa＀, A6 S8(a)

Nqea＀ bqnfu, A9 S32(e), A9 S32

E�x�＀ t�ihtu, teutqtat�qn, A6 S8(a)

Mqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenwe ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu,

E＀eoene{, A6 S8(a)

A32 S;(f) Eqorqu�t�qn, A6 S6(a)

Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu, A9 S32(e), A9 S32 Eteat�qn, A6 S6(a)

Qwtfqqt teeteat�qn fexe＀qroent, A9 S33(e), A32 S;(a) G＀eet�qn qh oeobetu, A6 S5(a)

Pq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ anf abateoent hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36 Gzeewt�xe ferattoentu, uwretx�u�qn, A6 S8

Pqtt hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(e) J�ih ureef itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo, fexe＀qroent,

Pwb＀�e efweat�qn, A9 S32, A32 S;(a), (f) A32 S3;

Tehwnf�ni bqnfu, A9 S33(a), A9 S32(b), A32 S; Koreaehoent qh oeobetu, A5 S39(a)

Texenwe bqnfu Knearae�t{ qh Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(b)

A�trqttu, A9 S32(e) Qhh�eeu qh oeobetu, A2 S2

2
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

CABINET (Eqnt0) CHILDREN (Eqnt0)

Patfqnu, A6 S8(a) Afqrt�qn qt ＀ei�t�oat�qn, uree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq,
Swa＀�h�eat�qnu qh oeobetu, A6 S5(b) A5 S33(a)
Texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, bwfiet tefwet�qnu, A6 S35 Jwxen�＀e fe＀�nqwene{ rtqeeef�niu, A3 S35(b)
Veto ＀�o�tat�qnu qn oeobetu, A8 S6(b) Te＀�eh htqo ＀eia＀ f�uab�＀�t�eu, uree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq,
Vetou qh oeobetu, A6 S5 A5 S33(a)
V�e xqte aoqni oeobetu, A6 S6(a) Vqbaeeq Gfweat�qn anf Ptexent�qn Ptqitao, A32 S29

CAMPAIGN FINANCING, A2 S8(b), A8 S9 CIRCUIT COURTS

(See also EQWTVS)
CANDIDATES Afo�n�uttat�xe aet�qn, tex�ew, A5 S5(b)
See GNGEVKQPS Afo�n�uttat�xe uwretx�u�qn, A5 S2(f)
Arrea＀ qh �wfioentu anf qtfetu, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(b)
Arre＀＀ate �wt�uf�et�qn, A5 S6(b), A5 S5(b), A5 S22(e)
CAPITAL, A2 S2 Eh�eh �wfie
Auu�inoent qh �wfieu, A5 S2(b)

CAPITAL OFFENSES D�ue�r＀�ne rane＀ hqt Swrteoe Eqwtt �wut�ee, A5 S32(e)

Death rena＀t{, A3 S39, A5 S5(b)

Goetiene{ hqur�ta＀�zat�qnu, awthqt�t{ fe＀eiat�qn tq

Jqo�e�fe x�et�ou, t�ihtu qh nezt qh ��n, A3 S38(b)

eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu, A5 S22(e)
Pteuentoent qt �nf�etoent, A3 S35
Nqeat�qn qh eqwtt rtqeeef�niu, feu�inat�qn, A5 S9,
Ptett�a＀ fetent�qn, A3 S36
A5 S22(e)

Teurqnu�b�＀�t�eu, A5 S2(f)

CAPITAL PROJECTS Se＀eet�qn, A5 S2(f)

A�trqttu, A9 S32(e)
E＀et�, A5 S36(b), (e), A5 S38, A8 S3(f)

Dt�fieu, A9 S39
Death rena＀t{, A5 S5(b)

H�zef ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu, bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S33(a), (f)

D�x�u�qnu, A5 S9, A5 S22(e)

J�ih ureef itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo, A32 S3;

Jeat�niu, A5 S9

Jqwu�ni anf te＀atef hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S38

Jwfieu

Knfwutt�a＀ anf oanwhaetwt�ni r＀antu, A9 S32(e)

(See also JWDGGS)
Nei�u＀at�xe arrtqxa＀, A9 S33(h)
Eh�eh �wfie, See uwbt�t＀e Eh�eh �wfie, th�u heaf�ni
Nqea＀ iqxetnoentu, bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S32(e), A9 S32(a)
G＀eet�qn, A5 S32(b), A5 S33(b)
Qwtfqqt teeteat�qn hae�＀�t�eu, A32 S;(a)
Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a)
Pq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36
Jwfieu qh abq＀�uhef eqwttu, A5 S22(f)
Pqtt hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(e)
Met�t ue＀eet�qn, ＀qea＀ qrt�qn, A5 S32(b)
Pwb＀�e efweat�qn, A32 S;(a), (f)
Pwobet, A5 S22(f)
Tqafu anf h�ihwa{u, A9 S39, A32 S;(b), (e)
Tetent�qn, ＀qea＀ qrt�qn, A5 S32(b)
Sehqq＀u, A32 S;(a), (f)
Veto qh qhh�ee, A5 S32(b), A5 S33(b)
State, bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S33(a), (f), A9 S36, A9 S38,
Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, A5 S33(b)
A9 S39, A32 S;
Jwf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu, See JWDKEKAN EKTEWKVS

Vtanurqttat�qn t�ihtu/qh/wa{, A9 S39, A32 S3;

Jwf�e�a＀ rqwet xeutef �n, A5 S3

Jwt�uf�et�qn, A5 S5(b), A5 S22(e)

Vwtnr��e awthqt�t{, A32 S;(b)

Qtian�zat�qn, A5 S5(a)

Yaute f�urqua＀ hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36

Ptqueewt�ni qhh�eet, A5 S39

Yatet hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36

Vt�a＀u, ＀qeat�qn, A5 S9

Yt�tu, rqwet tq �uuwe, A5 S5(b)

CENSUS, A5 S38(a), A8 S3(e), A32 S8, A32 S35

CIVIL ACTIONS
CERTIORARI, WRIT OF, A5 S6(b), A5 S5(b) Dehaoat�qn, A3 S6

Dwe rtqeeuu qh ＀aw, A3 S;

CHARITIES, A9 S5(a) Mef�ea＀ oat��wana wue, nqt uwb�eet tq e�x�＀ ＀�ab�＀�t{,

A32 S2;(a)
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER M�n�owo waie x�q＀at�qnu, A32 S26(e)
(See also EADKPGV) Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a)
Afo�n�uttat�qn, State Dqatf qh; oeobet, A6 S6(e) Sw�tu aia�nut utate, A32 S35
Eab�net, oeobet, A6 S6(a) Va＀�f�t{ wrqn afqrt�qn qh eqnut�twt�qna＀ tex�u�qn, A32 S9
Eh�eh h�uea＀ qhh�eet qh utate, A6 S6(e)
Eqnut�twt�qna＀ qhh�ee, feu�inat�qn au, A32 S26(a) CIVIL RIGHTS
G＀eet�qn, A6 S5(a) Dee＀atat�qn qh t�ihtu, A3

Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a) Teutqtat�qn, A6 S8(a), A8 S6(a)

Kntetna＀ �ortqxeoent ttwut hwnf, ttwutee, A6 S6(h) Vqt�ni anf e＀eet�qnu, See GNGEVKQPS

Nanf aeqw�u�t�qn ttwut hwnf, ttwutee, A6 S6(h)

Naw Gnhqteeoent, Derattoent qh; aiene{ heaf, A6 S6(i) CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM, A5 S36
Qhh�ee ＀qeat�qn, A2 S2
Pqwetu anf fwt�eu, A6 S6(a), (e) CIVIL TRAFFIC HEARING OFFICERS, A5 S3
Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A6 S5(b)
State hwnfu anf ueewt�t�eu, oa�ntenanee, A6 S6(e) CLEMENCY, A6 S8
Veto qh qhh�ee, A6 S5(a)
CLERKS OF CIRCUIT COURTS, A5 S36(b), (e), A5 S38,
CHILDREN A8 S3(f)
Abqtt�qnu �nxq＀x�ni o�nqtu, rt�qt nqt�h�eat�qn qh ratent,

A32 S22
COAST GUARD, A9 S5(i), A32 S53

5
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

COLLECTIVE BARGAINING, A3 S8 CORPORATIONS

Kneqoe taz, A9 S5(b)

COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES Pwb＀�e etef�t qt taz�ni rqwet �n a�f qh, A9 S32

Eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eieu anf �wn�qt eq＀＀eieu, A9 S35(a),

T�ihtu anf qb＀�iat�qnu, xa＀�f�t{ wrqn afqrt�qn qh

A32 S;(a), (f)

eqnut�twt�qna＀ tex�u�qn, A32 S9

Knut�twt�qnu qh h�ihet ＀eatn�ni, A9 S35(a), A; S3(a),

Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a)

A32 S;(a)

COUNTIES
COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE Abq＀�uhoent, A8 S3(a)

See AGTKEWNVWTG, EQMMKSSKQPGT QH Af xa＀qteo tazat�qn, A9 S;, A9 S32, A32 S2

A＀eqhq＀�e bexetaie ua＀eu, A8 S5(a), A8 S8(b)

COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION Dqatfu qh eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu

See GDWEAVKQP, EQMMKSSKQPGT QH Eqorqu�t�qn, A8 S3(e)

D�utt�etu, A8 S3(e)

COMMISSIONS, A5 S3 G＀eet�qn, A8 S3(e)

Gz qhh�e�q e＀et�u, A5 S38, A8 S3(f)

Vetou qh qhh�ee, A8 S3(e)

COMMUNICATIONS, INTERCEPTION, A3 S32 Dqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S32(e), A9 S32

Dtaneh qhh�eeu, A8 S3(�)
COMMUNITY COLLEGES, A9 S35(a), A32 S;(a), (f) Dtqwatf Eqwnt{, u＀qt oaeh�neu �n ez�ut�ni rat�/owtwe＀
hae�＀�t�eu, A32 S25
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, A9 S5(e) Ehanie qh, A8 S3(a)
Ehattet, A8 S3(e), (i)
CONSERVATION E�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteo, A5 S36
Patwta＀ teuqwteeu, See PAVWTAN TGSQWTEGS Eqnuq＀�fat�qn qh ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu, A8 S5, A8 S8(e)
Eqwnt{ eqwttu, See EQWPVY EQWTVS
CONSTITUTION OF 1885 Eqwnt{ ueat, A8 S3(�), A8 S8(b)
Dqnfu Eqwtt/arrq�ntef eqwnue＀, hwnf�ni, A5 S36(e)
Knut�twt�qnu qh h�ihet ＀eatn�ni anf �wn�qt eq＀＀eie ear�ta＀ Eteat�qn, A8 S3(a)
qwt＀a{, A32 S;(a) Etef�t, r＀efi�ni, A9 S32
Qwtfqqt teeteat�qn fexe＀qroent, A32 S;(a) Dafe Eqwnt{, hqoe tw＀e rqwetu, A8 S8(e), (h)
Ptqx�u�qnu teta�nef wnt�＀ ra{oent �n hw＀＀, A32 S8 D�utt�etu, eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnet, A8 S3(e)
Tqafu anf h�ihwa{u, A32 S;(e) Dwxa＀ Eqwnt{, eqnuq＀�fat�qn, A8 S8(e)
Sehqq＀ ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{, A32 S;(f) G＀eetqtu, A8 S2
Eqwnt{ eqwttu, A5 S22(e)
G＀eett�e ienetat�qn anf ttanuo�uu�qn hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(f)
Et�o�na＀ uenteneeu, A32 S9(a)
H�teatou ua＀eu, et�o�na＀ h�utqt{ teeqtfu ehee� anf wa�t�ni
Dafe Eqwnt{, hqoe tw＀e ehattet, A8 S8(e)
ret�qf, A8 S5(b)
Gtquu teee�rtu tazeu, A32 S;(a)
Hwnfu

J�＀＀ubqtqwih Eqwnt{, hqoe tw＀e ehattet, A8 S8(e)

Eate, ewutqf{, anf f�ubwtueoent, A8 S3(b)

Jae�uqnx�＀＀e anf Dwxa＀ Eqwnt{, eqnuq＀�fat�qn, A8 S8(e)

Ewutqf�an, A5 S38, A8 S3(f)

Jwfieu, A5 S22(f)
Knxeutoent, A9 S32

Jwf�e�at{ rtqx�u�qnu, terea＀, A5 S22(a)

Gqxetn�ni bqf�eu, A8 S3(e)
Me{ Yeut anf Mqntqe Eqwnt{, eqnuq＀�fat�qn, A8 S8(e)
Gqxetnoent

Nqea＀ iqxetnoent, A8 S8(a), (e)

Ehattet, A8 S3(e), (i)

Mqtqt xeh�e＀e hwe＀ tazeu, A32 S;(e)

Pqnehattet, A8 S3(h)

Mqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu, A32 S;(f)

J�＀＀ubqtqwih Eqwnt{, hqoe tw＀e ehattet, A8 S8(e)

Ptqx�u�qnu eqnh＀�et�ni w�th tex�u�qn, A32 S39

Jqoe tw＀e, A8 S8(e), (h)

Ptqx�u�qnu texett�ni tq utatwteu, A5 S22(i), A32 S32

Knfebtefneuu, eett�h�eateu qh, A9 S32

Ptqx�u�qnu uwretuefef, A32 S3

Jq�nt qwnetuh�r w�th rt�xate ent�t�eu, A9 S32

Swret�ntenfentu qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn, A32 S5(b), A32 S8(b)

Neqn Eqwnt{, ueat qh iqxetnoent, A2 S2

Vazeu, rena＀t�eu, h�neu, anf hqthe�twteu qwef tq utate,

Nqea＀ qrt�qn, a＀eqhq＀�e bexetaie ua＀eu, A8 S5(a), A8 S8(b)

A32 S9(a) Manfatef ezrenf�twte qh hwnfu, hwnf�ni b{ Nei�u＀atwte,

A9 S38(a)
CONSTITUTION REVISION COMMISSION, A2 S5(a), Meet�niu, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26(b)
A33 S2, A33 S5(a) M�ao�/Dafe Eqwnt{, u＀qt oaeh�neu �n ez�ut�ni rat�/owtwe＀
hae�＀�t�eu, A32 S25

CONSTITUTION (UNITED STATES) Mqntqe Eqwnt{, eqnuq＀�fat�qn, A8 S8(e)

See WPKVGD SVAVGS Mqtqt xeh�e＀e hwe＀ taz, a＀＀qeat�qn, A32 S;(e)

Mwn�e�ra＀ uetx�eeu, tazeu hqt, A9 S;(b)

Qhh�eetu

CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION, A2 S5(a), A33 S6, Abq＀�uhoent qh qhh�ee, A8 S3(f)

A33 S5(a) Awf�tqt, A5 S38, A8 S3(f)

Dqnf, A2 S5(b)

CONSTRUCTION, RULES OF, A32 S32 E＀et� qh e�tew�t eqwtt, A5 S36(b), (e), A5 S38, A8 S3(f)

Eqoo�uu�qnetu, See uwbt�t＀e Dqatfu qh eqwnt{

CONTEMPT, A5 S6(f), A5 S5 eqoo�uu�qnetu, th�u heaf�ni

Eqorenuat�qn, A2 S5(e)

CONTRACTS Eqnt�nwanee �n qhh�ee, A8 S8(e)

Nawu �ora�t�ni, A3 S32 G＀eet�qn, A8 S5, A8 S3(f)

Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a) Jq＀f�ni qthet qhh�eeu, A2 S5(a)

Va＀�f�t{ wrqn afqrt�qn qh eqnut�twt�qna＀ tex�u�qn, A32 S9 Qath qh qhh�ee, A2 S5(b)

6
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

COUNTIES (Eqnt0) COUNTY COURTS (Eqnt0)

Qhh�eetu (Eqnt0)
Jwt�uf�et�qn, A5 S8(b), A5 S22(e)
Qhh�ee anf teeqtfu, ＀qeat�qn, A8 S3(�)
Nqeat�qn, A5 S9, A5 S22(e)
Pethqtoanee qh own�e�ra＀ hwnet�qnu, A8 S8(b)
Qtian�zat�qn, A5 S8(a)
Pqwetu anf fwt�eu, A2 S5(b), (e)
Vt�a＀u, ＀qeat�qn, A5 S9, A5 S22(e)
Ptqrett{ arrta�uet, A8 S3(f)

Ptqueewt�ni attqtne{, A5 S22(f)

COURTS
Teeqtfet, A5 S38, A8 S3(f)
Aeeeuu tq, A3 S23
Se＀eet�qn, A8 S3(f), A8 S8(b)
Afo�n�uttat�xe uwretx�u�qn, A5 S2
Shet�hh, A8 S3(f)
Arrea＀u, A5 S2(a), A5 S5, A5 S6, A5 S5(b)
Sq＀�e�tqt, A5 S22(f)
Arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu, See DKSVTKEV EQWTVS QH APPGAN
Swretx�uqt qh e＀eet�qnu, A8 S3(f)
Attqtne{u, afo�uu�qn tq rtaet�ee anf f�ue�r＀�ne, A5 S35
Swurenu�qn, A6 S9(a), (b)
Dat, See HNQTKDA DAT
Vaz eq＀＀eetqt, A8 S3(f)
Dwfiet�ni rtqeeuueu, A5 S3;(a), (e)
Vetou qh qhh�ee, A8 S3(f)
Eh�eh afo�n�uttat�xe qhh�eetu, A5 S2(b)
Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, A6 S3(h)
E�tew�t eqwttu, See EKTEWKV EQWTVS
Qtf�naneeu Eqwnt{ eqwttu, See EQWPVY EQWTVS
Ehattet iqxetnoent, A8 S3(i) Eqwttu/oatt�a＀, A3 S35(a), A3 S38, A5 S3
Eqoown�t{ anf eeqnqo�e fexe＀qroent taz ezeort�qnu, D�uo�uua＀ qh eawue, �ortqret teoef{ uqwiht, A5 S2(a)
A9 S5(e) D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀, See DKSVTKEV EQWTVS QH
Eqnh＀�et w�th own�e�ra＀ qtf�naneeu, A8 S3(h), (i) APPGAN
Ghheet�xe fate, A8 S3(�) D�x�u�qnu, A5 S9, A5 S22(e)
J�utqt�e rtqrett�eu, A9 S5(f), A9 S6(e), A32 S22 Gutab＀�uhoent, A5 S3
Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{ taz ezeort�qn hqt e＀fet＀{ retuqnu, Hwnf�ni, A5 S36
A9 S8(f)
Geneta＀＀{, A5
Nqea＀ ＀awu, aoenfoent qt terea＀, A8 S8(f)
Jeat�niu, A5 S9
Pqnehattet iqxetnoent, A8 S3(h)
Jwfieu anf �wut�eeu, See JWDGGS
V�q＀at�qnu, A8 S3(�)
Jwf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu, See JWDKEKAN EKTEWKVS
Pat�/owtwe＀ taz texenwe, A9 S9
Jwf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qnu, A5 S33, A5 S22(e)
Pq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36
Jwf�e�a＀ qhh�ee, �wut�eeu, anf �wfieu; eqnuttwet�qn qh tetou,
Pwb＀�e fehenfetu' qhh�eeu, hwnf�ni, A5 S36(e)
A32 S32(h)

Teeqtf�ni qh fqewoentu, A8 S3(�)

Jwf�e�a＀ rqwet, A2 S5, A5 S3

Tefwet�qn qh awthqt�t{ tq ta�ue texenwe, ＀ei�u＀at�xe arrtqxa＀,

Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn, A2 S8(h), A5 S32,

A9 S38(b)
A5 S22(e)

Tqafu anf h�ihwa{u, A32 S;(e)

Jwt�eu anf �wtqtu, See JWTKGS

Seeqnf iau taz, a＀＀qeat�qn, A32 S;(e)

Jwt�uf�et�qn

Se＀h/iqxetnoent rqwetu, A8 S3(h), (i)

Abq＀�uhef eqwttu, A5 S22(f)

State a�f, A9 S8
E�tew�t eqwttu, A5 S5(b), A5 S22(e)

State attqtne{u' qhh�eeu, hwnf�ni, A5 S36(e)

Eqwnt{ eqwttu, A5 S8(b), A5 S22(e)

State taz texenweu, ＀ei�u＀at�xe arrtqxa＀ qh tefwet�qn,

D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀, A5 S6(b), A5 S22(e)

A9 S38(e) Mwn�e�ra＀ eqwttu, A5 S22(f)

Statwu, eqnt�nwat�qn wrqn afqrt�qn qh Eqnut�twt�qn, A8 S8(b) Swrteoe Eqwtt, A5 S5(b), A5 S22(e)

Vaz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, A9 S32 Vtanuhet, �wt�uf�et�qn qh eqwtt �ortqx�fent＀{ �nxq�ef,

Vazeu, A9 S6(h), A9 S;, A32 S2 A5 S2(a)

Vaz�ni rqwet, ＀�o�tat�qn, A9 S32, A8 S3(h) Jwut�ee afo�n�uttat�qn w�thqwt ua＀e, fen�a＀, qt fe＀a{, A3 S23
Vtanuhet qh hwnet�qn qt rqwet, A8 S6 M�＀�tat{ eqwttu, A3 S35(a)
Vt�a＀ eqwttu, hwnf�ni, A5 S36(e) Mwn�e�ra＀ eqwttu, A5 S22(f)
Yaute f�urqua＀ hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36 Qren hqt tefteuu qh �n�wt{, A3 S23
Yatet hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36 P＀ann�ni rtqeeuueu anf r＀ann�ni fqewoentu, A5 S3;(a), (h)
Teeqtfu qh �wf�e�a＀ btaneh, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26
COUNTY COURTS Tw＀eu qh rtaet�ee anf rtqeefwte, A5 S2(a), A5 S33(f)
(See also EQWTVS)
Swrteoe Eqwtt, See SWPTGMG EQWTV
Afo�n�uttat�xe uwretx�u�qn, A5 S2(f)
Vtanu�t�qn rtqx�u�qnu, A5 S22
Arrea＀ qh �wfioentu anf qtfetu, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(b)
Vt�a＀u, See VTKANS
E＀et�u, A5 S36(b), (e), A5 S38, A5 S22(e)
Yt�tu, rqwet tq �uuwe, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(b), A5 S5(b)
D�x�u�qnu, A5 S9, A5 S22(e)

H�neu anf hqthe�twteu, A5 S22(e)

COVERTURE, A32 S5
Jeat�niu, A5 S9

Jwfieu
CREDIT, PLEDGING OF
(See also JWDGGS)
Jqwu�ni bqnfu, A9 S38(b)

Dat oeobetuh�r, A5 S8, A5 S22(e), (f)

Jq�nt qwnetuh�r w�th rt�xate ent�t{, A9 S32

G＀eet�qn, A5 S32(b), A5 S33(b)

State bqnfu, A9 S33(a), (e), A9 S36(a), A9 S39, A32 S;

Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a)

Jwfieu qh abq＀�uhef eqwttu, A5 S22(f)

CRIMINAL OFFENSES
Met�t ue＀eet�qn, ＀qea＀ qrt�qn, A5 S32(b)
Aeewuef, t�ihtu qh, A3 S38(a), A3 S3;

Pqn�wf�e�a＀ fwt�eu, A5 S22(h)

D�＀＀u qh atta�nfet, A3 S32, A3 S39

Pwobet, A5 S8(a), A5 S22(f)

Dteaeh qh rwb＀�e ttwut, A2 S8(f)

Tetent�qn, ＀qea＀ qrt�qn, A5 S32(b)

Eqwnt{ qtf�nanee x�q＀at�qnu, A8 S3(�)

Veto qh qhh�ee, A5 S32(b), A5 S33(b)

Et�o�na＀ utatwteu, ehheet qh terea＀ qt aoenfoent, A32 S;

Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, A5 S33(b)

Dehaoat�qn, A3 S6

Jwf�e�a＀ rqwet xeutef �n, A5 S3 Gz rqut haetq ＀awu, A3 S32

5
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

CRIMINAL OFFENSES (Eqnt0) D

He＀qn{
Deh�n�t�qn, A32 S32 DEATH PENALTY
D�uqwa＀�h�eat�qn htqo xqte anf rwb＀�e qhh�ee, A8 S6(a) See EAPKVAN QHHGPSGS
Ptqueewt�qn, A3 S35(a)
Pwb＀�e qhh�eet qt eor＀q{ee, hqthe�twte qh tet�teoent t�ihtu DEBT
anf rt�x�＀eieu, A2 S8(f) Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{, A32 S6(a)

Htawf, �ort�uqnoent hqt febt, A3 S33 Kort�uqnoent hqt, A3 S33

Janfiwn rwtehaueu, wa�t�ni ret�qf x�q＀at�qnu, A3 S8(e) Pwb＀�e febt

Jqo�e�fe x�et�ou, t�ihtu qh nezt qh ��n, A3 S38(b) Dqnf h�nane�ni, See DQPDS

Jwxen�＀e qhhenfetu, A3 S35(b) Eett�h�eateu qh �nfebtefneuu, A9 S32

Mat�ne net h�uh�ni x�q＀at�qnu, A32 S38(e) Eqnuq＀�fat�qn qh ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu, A8 S5

Pena＀t�eu, See PWPKSJMGPV Eqwnt�eu, A8 S3(a)

P�iu, etwe＀ anf �nhwoane eqnh�neoent fwt�ni rteinane{, Knewttef wnfet 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn, A32 S8

A32 S23(f)
Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu, A8 S2(a)

Ptqueewt�qn, See ETKMKPAN PTQSGEWVKQP

Vteauqn, A3 S22, A6 S8(b)

DECLARATION OF RIGHTS, A3
V�et�ou' t�ihtu, A3 S38(b)

DEEDS OF TRUST, A9 S2
CRIMINAL PROSECUTION
Aeewuef, t�ihtu qh, A3 S38(a), A3 S3;
DISABLED PERSONS
Ear�ta＀ et�oe, A3 S35(a)
D�uet�o�nat�qn, A3 S2

Eqoown�eat�qnu, wnteauqnab＀e �nteteert�qn qh, A3 S32

Vaz ezeort�qnu, A9 S5(b), A9 S8(e)

Equtu, ra{oent b{ aeewuef, A3 S3;

Eqwnue＀, t�iht tq, A3 S38(a)

Eqwnt{ qtf�nanee x�q＀at�qnu, A8 S3(�)

DISTRICT COURTS OF APPEAL
Et�o�na＀ utatwteu, ehheet qh terea＀ qt aoenfoent, A32 S;
(See also EQWTVS)

Dehaoat�qn, A3 S6
Afo�n�uttat�xe aet�qn, f�teet tex�ew, A5 S6(b)

Dehenfantu, t�ihtu qh, A3 S38(a), A3 S3;

Afo�n�uttat�xe uwretx�u�qn, A5 S2(e)

Dqwb＀e �eqratf{, A3 S;
Arrea＀ qh fee�u�qnu, A5 S5(b)

Dwe rtqeeuu qh ＀aw, A3 S;

Arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu

Gx�fenee, �nafo�uu�b＀e, A3 S32

Eqwtt uetx�ni, A5 S6(a)

He＀qn�eu, A3 S35(a)
Gutab＀�uhoent, A5 S3, A5 S22(e)

Gtanf �wt{, A3 S35(a)

Tefeh�n�ni, A5 S;

Knf�etoent qt �nhqtoat�qn, A3 S35(a), A3 S38(a)

Swrteoe Eqwtt �wut�eeu, teu�fene{, A5 S5(a)

Jwtqtu, A3 S22, A5 S33(a)

Eaue eqnu�fetat�qn, nwobet qh �wfieu teqw�tef, A5 S6(a)

Jwxen�＀e qhhenfetu, A3 S35(b)

Eett�h�eat�qn qh eaueu hqt Swrteoe Eqwtt tex�ew, A5 S5(b)

Mef�ea＀ oat��wana wue, nqt uwb�eet tq et�o�na＀ ＀�ab�＀�t{,

Eh�eh �wfieu, A5 S2(e)

A32 S2;(a)
E＀et�u, A5 S6(e)

Pena＀t�eu, See PWPKSJMGPV

Eqwtt/oatt�a＀ fee�u�qnu, tex�ew, A5 S3

Ptett�a＀ te＀eaue anf fetent�qn, A3 S36

Dee�u�qnu, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(a)

Seateh anf ue�zwte, wnteauqnab＀e, A3 S32

D�x�u�qnu, A5 S9, A5 S22(e)

Seateh wattantu, A3 S32

H�na＀ �wfioentu anf qtfetu, tex�ew, A5 S6(b)

Se＀h/�net�o�nat�qn, A3 S;
Kntet＀qewtqt{ qtfetu, tex�ew, A5 S6(b)

Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a)

Jwfieu

Statew�fe rtqueewtqt, A6 S6(b)

Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a)
Vteauqn, A3 S22
Pwobet, A5 S6(b)

Vt�a＀ b{ �wt{, A3 S38(a), A3 S22

Jwf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qnu, A5 S33(f)

Venwe, A3 S38(a), A5 S33(a)

Jwf�e�a＀ rqwet xeutef �n, A5 S3

V�et�ou' t�ihtu, A3 S38(b)

Jwt�uf�et�qn, A5 S6(b), A5 S22(e)

Y�tneuu aia�nut qneue＀h, A3 S;

Matuha＀u, A5 S6(e)

Y�tneuueu, A3 S;, A3 S38(a)

M�＀�tat{ ＀aw qweut�qnu, afx�uqt{ qr�n�qnu, A5 S2(a)

Qtian�zat�qn, A5 S6(a)

CURTESY, A32 S5 Ptqeeuu, A5 S6(e)

Tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte, A5 S33(f)

Vt�a＀ eqwtt �wfioentu anf qtfetu, tex�ew, A5 S6(b)

CUSTODIAN OF STATE RECORDS Yt�tu, rqwet tq �uuwe, A5 S6(b)

Dqewoentu teee�xef anf oa�nta�nef

Eqnut�twt�qn tex�u�qn rtqrqua＀u, A33 S2(e), A33 S6(b)
Eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent �n�t�at�xe ret�t�qnu, A33 S5 DISTRICTS
Eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn ret�t�qnu, A33 S6(a) Arre＀＀ate, See DKSVTKEV EQWTVS QH APPGAN

Eqwnt{ qtf�naneeu, A8 S3(�) Eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie, A32 S;(f)

H�nane�a＀ �nteteutu f�ue＀quwteu, A2 S8(�) Eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnet, A8 S3(e)

Gqxetnqt'u eett�h�eateu qh �nearae�t{ qt earae�t{, A6 S5(b) Nei�u＀at�xe, A5 S3, A5 S35(a), (e), A5 S38(a)

Gqxetnqt'u ezeewt�xe qtfetu qh e＀eoene{, A6 S8(a) Sehqq＀, See SEJQQN DKSVTKEVS

Gqxetnqt'u qb�eet�qnu tq xetqef b�＀＀u, A5 S8(b) Sree�a＀, See SPGEKAN DKSVTKEVS

Gqxetnqt'u qtfetu qh uwurenu�qn qh qhh�eetu, A6 S9(a)

Jwf�e�a＀ arrqtt�qnoent qtfetu, A5 S38(b), (h) DIVORCE, A5 S33(a)
Jwf�e�a＀ oet�t ue＀eet�qn anf tetent�qn ret�t�qnu, A5 S32(b)
Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn rtqrqua＀u, DOUBLE JEOPARDY, A3 S;
A33 S8(e)

Swbut�twt�qn hqt teto ¬ueetetat{ qh utate¹, A32 S26(b)

DOWER, A32 S5

8
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

DUE PROCESS OF LAW, A3 S; ELECTIONS (Eqnt0)

Eanf�fateu (Eqnt0)
DUVAL COUNTY, A8 S8(e) Pwb＀�e h�nane�ni qh eaora�inu hqt utatew�fe qhh�eeu, A8 S9
Eqoown�t{ anf eeqnqo�e fexe＀qroent taz ezeort�qn
qtf�naneeu, awthqt�zat�qn, A9 S5(e)

E Eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn, A33 S5

Eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn qweut�qn, A33 S6

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, A9 S5(e) Eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu, A8 S3(e)

Eqwnt{ qhh�eetu, A8 S3(f)

EDUCATION D�utt�etu, A8 S8

Arrq�nt�xe bqatfu, tetou qh oeobetu, A; S5 G＀eetqtu

Dqnf h�nane�ni
D�uqwa＀�h�eat�qn, A8 S6(a)

Ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu, A9 S32, A32 S;(a), (f)

Hteehq＀fetu, A9 S;(b), A9 S32(a)

Stwfent ＀qanu, A9 S35

Qath, A8 S5

Ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ hwnfu, A32 S;(a), (f)

Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A8 S2, A8 S6(a)

E＀auu u�ze ＀�o�tu, A; S3(a)

Tei�uttat�qn, A8 S3, A8 S5, A8 S8

Eqoo�uu�qnet qh Gfweat�qn, See GDWEAVKQP,

Vqte qh e＀eetqtu, feh�n�t�qn, A32 S32(f)

EQMMKSSKQPGT QH
Vqt�ni �n rt�oat{ e＀eet�qnu, A8 S5(b)

Eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eieu anf �wn�qt eq＀＀eieu, A9 S35(a),

Geneta＀ e＀eet�qnu

A32 S;(a), (f) Eab�net oeobetu, A6 S5(a)

Htee rwb＀�e uehqq＀u, A; S3(a), A; S2, A; S6(b), A; S8 Eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn, A33 S5(a)

Jea＀th/te＀atef tta�n�ni �nut�twt�qnu, A9 S35(a) Eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn qweut�qn, A33 S6(b)

Knut�twt�qnu qh h�ihet ＀eatn�ni, A9 S35(a), A; S3(a), Date, A8 S5

A32 S;(a) Goetiene{, uwurenu�qn qt fe＀a{, A8 S5

Jq�nt efweat�qna＀ rtqitaou, A; S6(b) Gqxetnqt anf N�ewtenant Gqxetnqt, A6 S5

Nqttet�eu, A32 S35 Swret�ntenfentu qh uehqq＀u, A; S5

Pte��nfetiatten efweat�qn, A; S3(b), (e) Y�nnet feteto�nat�qn, A8 S3

Ptqrett{ taz ezeort�qn, A9 S5(a) Gqxetnqt, A6 S5

Pwb＀�e efweat�qn u{uteo, A; S3(a), A; S2 Jwfieu, A5 S32, A5 S33(b)

Sehqq＀ bqatfu, A; S6, A; S5, A32 S;(f) Nei�u＀atqtu, A5 S3, A5 S2, A5 S35

Sehqq＀ f�utt�etu, See SEJQQN DKSVTKEVS N�ewtenant Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(a)

State Dqatf qh Gfweat�qn, A; S2, A32 S;(a), (f) Mwn�e�ra＀ e＀eet�qnu, A8 S8

State uehqq＀ hwnf, A; S8 Pq＀�t�ea＀ ratt{ hwnet�qnu, A8 S3

Stwfent ＀qanu, A9 S35 Pt�oat{ e＀eet�qnu, A6 S5(a), A8 S5(b)

Swret�ntenfentu qh rwb＀�e �nuttwet�qn, A32 S6, A32 S5, Tehetenfa, A5 S32, A8 S5, A9 S5(e), A32 S25(a)

A32 S8(b) Tei�uttat�qn, A8 S3, A8 S5

Swret�ntenfentu qh uehqq＀u, A; S5, A32 S5, A32 S8(b) Sehqq＀ bqatfu, A; S6(a)

Vazeu Seetet xqte, A8 S3

Gtquu teee�rtu taz, wt�＀�t{ uetx�eeu, A32 S;(a)

Sree�a＀ e＀eet�qnu

Ptqrett{ taz ezeort�qn, A9 S5(a)

A＀eqhq＀�e bexetaie ua＀eu, A8 S5(a)

Sehqq＀ f�utt�et, A9 S8(a), A9 S;, A; S6(b)

Eqoown�t{ anf eeqnqo�e fexe＀qroent taz ezeort�qn

S＀qt oaeh�ne texenweu, A32 S25(b)

qtf�naneeu, A9 S5(e)
Vqbaeeq Gfweat�qn anf Ptexent�qn Ptqitao, A32 S29 Eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent qt tex�u�qn, A33 S5(a)
Vqeat�qna＀ tta�n�ni uehqq＀u, A9 S35(a), A32 S;(a) Eqwnt{ ehattet, A8 S3(e)
Teiw＀at�qn, A8 S5
EDUCATION, COMMISSIONER OF Swret�ntenfentu qh uehqq＀u, A; S5

Arrq�ntoent, A; S2
Swretx�uqtu qh e＀eet�qnu, A8 S3(f)

State Wn�xetu�t{ S{uteo Statew�fe Dqatf qh Gqxetnqtu,

Vaz awthqt�zat�qn, A9 S;(b)

oeobetuh�r, A; S9(f) Veto ＀�o�tat�qn, eetta�n e＀eet�xe qhh�eeu, A8 S6(b)

Statwteu wnfet 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn, arr＀�eab�＀�t{, A32 S8(b) Vqte qh the e＀eetqtu, feh�n�t�qn, A32 S32(f)

Swret�ntenfent qh Pwb＀�e Knuttwet�qn, ttanuhet qh qhh�ee,

A32 S6 ELECTIONS, SUPERVISORS OF, A8 S3(f)

EDUCATION, STATE BOARD OF, A; S2, A32 S;(a), (f) ELECTRICAL ENERGY FACILITIES, A9 S32(f)

ELDERLY AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF, A6 S32 EMERGENCIES

Dwfiet utab�＀�zat�qn hwnf, w�thftawa＀u, A5 S3;(i)
ELDERLY PERSONS Eqnt�nw�t{ qh iqxetnoent, oeauwteu tq enuwte, A2 S8
Vaz ezeort�qnu, A9 S6(h), A9 S8(f), (e), A32 S28, A32 S58 G＀eet�qnu, uwurenu�qn qt fe＀a{, A8 S5
Jabeau eqtrwu, uwurenu�qn qh wt�t, A3 S35
ELECTIONS Seat qh iqxetnoent, ttanuhet, A2 S2
A＀eqhq＀�e bexetaie ua＀eu, ＀qea＀ qrt�qn, A8 S5(a)

Dqnf h�nane�ni arrtqxa＀, A9 S33(a), A9 S32(a)

EMINENT DOMAIN, A32 S8
Eab�net oeobetu, A6 S5(a)

Eanf�fateu
ENEMY ATTACK
Eaora�in h�naneeu, f�ue＀quwte, A2 S8(b) See KPVASKQP
Eaora�in urenf�ni ＀�o�tu hqt utatew�fe qhh�eeu, A8 S9
Eqniteuu�qna＀ f�utt�etu haxqt�ni �newobentu, A5 S22 ENERGY
H�nane�a＀ �nteteutu, f�ue＀quwte, A2 S8 G＀eett�ea＀ eneti{ hae�＀�t�eu, rwb＀�e uwrrqtt, A9 S32(f)

Nei�u＀at�xe f�utt�etu haxqt�ni �newobentu, A5 S23 Tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�eeu, tazat�qn, A9 S6(�),

M�nqt ratt{ qt nqnratt{ eanf�fateu, A8 S3 A32 S3;, A32 S2;, A32 S56

9
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

ENERGY (Eqnt0) FIREARMS (Eqnt0)

Sq＀at fex�eeu, tazat�qn, A32 S56 Ya�t�ni ret�qf between rwtehaue anf fe＀�xet{,
A3 S8(b), (e), (f), A8 S5(b)
ENGLISH, OFFICIAL LANGUAGE, A2 S;
FIRST RESPONDERS
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Jqoeuteaf taz ezeort�qn hqt f�uab＀ef h�tut teurqnfet
See PAVWTAN TGSQWTEGS �n�wtef �n ＀�ne qh fwt{, A9 S8(h), A32 S55
Jqoeuteaf taz ezeort�qn hqt uwtx�x�ni urqwue qh h�tut
EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW, A3 S2 teurqnfet ��＀＀ef �n ＀�ne qh fwt{, A9 S8(h), A32 S55

ESTATE TAX, A9 S5(a) FISH AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION COMMISSION,

A6 S;, A32 S25
ETHICS, COMMISSION ON, A2 S8
FISHING
Eqooete�a＀ h�uh�ni rtqrett{, taz auueuuoentu, A9 S6(�),
ETHICS IN GOVERNMENT, A2 S8, A5 S38
A32 S52
Dqewoent eze�ue taz rtqeeefu, wue hqt hab�tat rtqteet�qn,
EVERGLADES, A2 S9(b), A32 S39, A32 S28(b) A32 S28(b)
H�uh anf Y�＀f＀�he Eqnuetxat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A6 S;,
EVIDENCE A32 S25
Dehaoat�qn, A3 S6
Gaoe anf Hteuh Yatet H�uh Eqoo�uu�qn, A32 S25
Knafo�uu�b＀e, A3 S32
Mat�ne H�uhet�eu Eqoo�uu�qn, A32 S25
Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a)
Mat�ne net h�uh�ni, ＀�o�tat�qnu, A32 S38
Vteauqn, A3 S22
Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq hteuhwatet h�uh�ni, A5 S33(a),
A6 S;
EX POST FACTO LAWS, A3 S32
FLAG (STATE), A2 S6
EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT
Gzeewt�xe rqwet, A2 S5, A6 S3(a)
FLORIDA BAR
Geneta＀＀{, A6
Attqtne{ Geneta＀, A6 S5(b)

P＀ann�ni rtqeeuueu anf r＀ann�ni fqewoentu, A5 S3;(a), (h)

Attqtne{u, afo�uu�qn anf f�ue�r＀�ne, A5 S35

Pwb＀�e teeqtfu anf oeet�niu, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26

Eqwnt{ eqwtt �wfieu, A5 S8, A5 S22(e), (f)

Jwfieu, A5 S8

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS, A6 S8, A32 S38 Jwf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn oeobetu, A5 S22(e)

Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn oeobetu, A5 S32(a), (h)

EXECUTIVE POWER, A2 S5, A6 S3(a) Pwb＀�e fehenfetu, A5 S38

State attqtne{u, A5 S39

F FREEDOM OF PRESS, A3 S6

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FREEDOM OF RELIGION, A3 S5

See WPKVGD SVAVGS
FREEDOM OF SPEECH, A3 S6
FELONIES
See ETKMKPAN QHHGPSGS
G
FINANCE
Arrtqrt�at�qn qh utate hwnfu, See APPTQPTKAVKQPS
GAMBLING
Dqnfu, See DQPDS
Nqttet�eu, A32 S9, A32 S35

Geneta＀＀{, A9
Pat�/owtwe＀ rqq＀u, A32 S9

Texenwe, See TGVGPWG

Pat�/owtwe＀ tazeu, A9 S9

State hwnfu, See SVAVG HWPDS

S＀qt oaeh�neu, A32 S25

Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, A2 S5(a),

A33 S5(a), A33 S8

GAME AND FRESH WATER FISH COMMISSION, A32 S25
Vazeu, See VAZAVKQP

Vtwut hwnfu, See VTWSV HWPDS (PWDNKE)

GENERAL PROVISIONS, A2

FINES AND FORFEITURES GOVERNMENT EFFICIENCY TASK FORCE, A5 S3;(�)

(See also PWPKSJMGPV)

Afo�n�uttat�xe rena＀t�eu, A3 S38

GOVERNOR
Eqwnt{ eqwttu, A5 S22(e)
Aet�ni, A6 S5(b)

Gzeeuu�xe, A3 S39
Afo�n�uttat�qn, State Dqatf qh; eha�t, A6 S6(e)

M�n�owo waie x�q＀at�qnu, A32 S26(e)

Afx�uqt{ qr�n�qnu htqo Swrteoe Eqwtt, A6 S3(e)

Qw�ni wnfet 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn, A32 S9(a)

Arrq�ntoentu

Teo�uu�qn, A5 S33(a), A6 S8(a)

Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A33 S2(a), (b)

Swurenu�qn, A6 S8(a)
Gfweat�qn, State Dqatf qh, A; S2

Gzeewt�xe qhh�eetu qt bqatfu, A6 S8

FIREARMS H�uh anf Y�＀f＀�he Eqnuetxat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A6 S;

T�iht tq beat atou, A3 S8(a)

Gqxetnoent Ghh�e�ene{ Vau� Hqtee, A5 S3;(�)

Sa＀eu, et�o�na＀ h�utqt{ teeqtfu ehee�, A8 S5(b)

Jwfieu, A5 S33(a), (b), (e)

8
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

GOVERNOR (Eqnt0) HANDICAPPED PERSONS

Arrq�ntoentu (Eqnt0) Dert�xat�qn qh t�ihtu, A3 S2

Jwf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn, A5 S22(e) Vaz ezeort�qnu, A9 S5(b), A9 S8(e)

Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn, A5 S32(a)

M�＀�t�a qhh�eetu, A32 S2(e) HEAD OF FAMILY, A9 S5(b)
State wn�xetu�t�eu, ＀qea＀ bqatfu qh ttwuteeu, A; S9(e)
State Wn�xetu�t{ S{uteo Statew�fe Dqatf qh Gqxetnqtu, HEALTH CARE FACILITIES
A; S9(f) Afxetue oef�ea＀ �ne�fentu, rat�entu' t�iht tq �nqw, A32 S25
Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, A33 S8(a)
Vaeane�eu �n utate qt ＀qea＀ qhh�eeu, A5 S39(b), A6 S3(h), HEALTH, DEPARTMENT OF
A6 S9 Mef�ea＀ oat��wana wue, teiw＀at�qn, A32 S2;(f)
D�＀＀u

Gzeewt�xe arrtqxa＀, A5 S8(a)

Vetq, A5 S8, A5 S;, A5 S3;(b)

HIGH SPEED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM,
Dwfiet�ni, A6 S3(a), A6 S35
A32 S3;
Earae�t{, teutqtat�qn, A6 S5(b)

E�x�＀ t�ihtu, teutqtat�qn, A6 S8(a)

HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY, A8 S8(e)
E＀eoene{, A6 S8(a), (b)

Eqooanfet/�n/eh�eh, o�＀�tat{ hqteeu, A6 S3(a)

HISTORIC PRESERVATION
G＀eet�qn, A6 S5(a), (b)
Af xa＀qteo taz auueuuoentu anf ezeort�qnu, A9 S5(f),
Gzeewt�xe ferattoentu, uwretx�u�qn, A6 S8
A9 S6(e), A32 S22
J�ih ureef itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo, fexe＀qroent,
Dqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S33(e)
A32 S3; Dqewoentu eze�ue taz rtqeeefu, wue hqt rtqteet�qn,
Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a), A6 S5(b) A32 S28(b)
Koreaehoent tt�a＀, rteu�f�ni qhh�eet, A5 S39(e)
Knearae�t{ tq uetxe, A6 S5(b) HOME RULE CHARTERS
Kntetna＀ �ortqxeoent ttwut hwnf, ttwutee, A6 S6(h) Dafe Eqwnt{, A8 S8(e)

Jwf�e�a＀ rtqeeef�niu, �n�t�at�qn, A6 S3(b) J�＀＀ubqtqwih Eqwnt{, A8 S8(e)

Nanf aeqw�u�t�qn ttwut hwnf, ttwutee, A6 S6(h)

Naw Gnhqteeoent, Derattoent qh; aiene{ heaf, A6 S6(i) HOMESTEAD PROPERTY
Nei�u＀atwte A＀�enat�qn, A32 S6(e)

Af�qwtnoent qh ueuu�qn, A5 S5(h)

Eqnfqo�n�wou, A9 S8(a)

Arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qnu, eqnxen�ni, A5 S38(a), (f)

Eqnttaetwa＀ qb＀�iat�qnu, A32 S6(a)

Meet�niu between Gqxetnqt anf ＀ei�u＀at�xe ＀eafetuh�r,

Dex�ue, A32 S6(e)

qren tq rwb＀�e, A5 S6(e)

Gqw�tab＀e t�t＀e, A9 S8(a)

Meuuaie qn eqnf�t�qn qh utate, A6 S3(e)

Gutate b{ the ent�tet{, A9 S8(a), A32 S6(e)

Sree�a＀ ueuu�qn, eqnxen�ni, A5 S5(e)

Gzeort�qnu

Vetq qh b�＀＀u, A5 S8, A5 S;, A5 S3;(b)

Hqteef ua＀e, A32 S6(a), (b)

N�ewtenant Gqxetnqt, auu�inoent qh fwt�eu, A6 S2

Jwfioent ＀�en, A32 S6(a), (b)

M�＀�t�a, ea＀＀�ni qwt, A6 S3(f)

Vazat�qn

Qhh�ee ＀qeat�qn, A2 S2
D�uab＀ef h�tut teurqnfetu, A9 S8(h), A32 S55
Patfqnu, A6 S8(a), (b)
G＀fet＀{ retuqnu, A9 S6(h), A9 S8(f), (e), A32 S28,
P＀ann�ni, A5 S3;(h), A6 S3(a)
A32 S58
Pqwetu, ieneta＀＀{, A6 S3
Geneta＀＀{, A9 S8, A32 S29
Ptqe＀aoat�qnu
M�＀�tat{ retuqnne＀ fer＀q{ef �n uwrrqtt qh o�＀�tat{
Arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qnu qh Nei�u＀atwte, eqnxen�ni, qretat�qnu, A9 S5(i), A32 S53
A5 S38(a), (f) Swtx�x�ni urqwueu qh feeeauef xetetanu qt h�tut
Seat qh iqxetnoent, ttanuhet, A2 S2 teurqnfetu, A9 S8(h), A32 S55

Sree�a＀ ueuu�qn qh Nei�u＀atwte, eqnxen�ni, A5 S5(e) Gztent qh rtqrett{, A32 S6(a)

Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A6 S5(b)
Je�tu qh qwnet, A32 S6(b)

Texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, bwfiet tefwet�qnu, A6 S35

Jq�nt qwnetuh�r, A9 S8(a)

Seat qh iqxetnoent, eoetiene{ ttanuhet, A2 S2

Neauehq＀f, A9 S8(a)

Swrteoe ezeewt�xe rqwet, A6 S3(a)

Neia＀ t�t＀e, A9 S8(a)

Swurenu�qn qh qhh�eetu, A6 S9
Tentetu, A9 S8(e)

Veto ＀�o�tat�qnu, A6 S5(b)

Stqe� qwnetuh�r, A9 S8(a)

Veto qh qhh�ee, A6 S5(a), (b)

Swtx�x�ni urqwue, A9 S8(h), A32 S6(b), A32 S55

Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, A6 S5(a)

Vazeu anf auueuuoentu

Ehanie qh auueuuoentu, A9 S6(f)

GRAND JURIES, A3 S35(a) Jwut xa＀we anf ＀euu than �wut xa＀we auueuuoentu,
A9 S6(f), A9 S8(a)
GRIEVANCES, PETITION FOR REDRESS OF, A3 S5 N�o�tat�qn qn auueuuoentu (Saxe/Qwt/Jqoeu
rtqx�u�qnu), A9 S6(f)
N�x�ni qwattetu hqt ratentu qt itanfratentu, tefwet�qn qh
H auueuuoentu, A9 S6(h)
Pew hqoeuteafu, ttanuhet qh Saxe/Qwt/Jqoeu beneh�tu,
HABEAS CORPUS A9 S6(f), A32 S29
E�tew�t eqwttu, A5 S5(b)
Sa＀e hqt tazeu, A32 S6(a)
D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀, A5 S6(b)
Vaz ezeort�qnu, See uwbt�t＀e Gzeort�qnu uwb/uwbt�t＀e
Gtantab＀e qh t�iht, A3 S35
Vazat�qn, th�u heaf�ni
Swrteoe Eqwtt, A5 S5(b)
Vetetanu f�uab＀ef fwe tq eqobat �n�wt{, rtqrett{ taz
Swurenu�qn, A3 S35
f�ueqwnt, A9 S8(e), A32 S52

;
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

HOMOSEXUAL PERSONS INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT TRUST FUND, A6 S6(h)

Saoe/uez oatt�aie, �nxa＀�f�t{, A3 S29
INVASION
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Eqnt�nw�t{ qh iqxetnoent, oeauwteu tq enuwte, A2 S8
See NGGKSNAVWTG Jabeau eqtrwu, uwurenu�qn qh wt�t, A3 S35
M�＀�t�a, ea＀＀�ni qwt, A6 S3(a)
HOUSING BONDS, A9 S38, A32 S38 Seat qh iqxetnoent, ttanuhet, A2 S2

HUNTING, A5 S33(a), A6 S;
J
HURRICANES
Y�nf faoaie teu�utanee �ortqxeoentu, tazat�qn, A9 S6(�), JACKSONVILLE, CITY OF, A8 S8(e)
A32 S2;
JEOPARDY, DOUBLE, A3 S;

I JOINT OWNERSHIP
Gqxetnoenta＀ bqf{ w�th rt�xate ent�t�eu, A9 S32

IMPEACHMENT Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{, A9 S8(a)

Aeqw�tta＀, A5 S39(b), (e)

Eab�net oeobetu, A5 S39(a)

JUDGES
E�x�＀ teurqnu�b�＀�t{ qh �oreaehef qhh�eet, A5 S39(e)
Aie ＀�o�t, A5 S8, A5 S22(e)

E＀eoene{, A6 S8(a)
Arrq�ntoent, A5 S33(a), (b), (e)

Eqnx�et�qn, A5 S39(e)
Dat oeobetuh�r, A5 S8, A5 S22(e), (f)

Et�o�na＀ teurqnu�b�＀�t{ qh �oreaehef qhh�eet, A5 S39(e)

E�tew�t eqwttu, See EKTEWKV EQWTVS

D�uqwa＀�h�eat�qn htqo qhh�ee, A5 S39(b), (e)

Eqnuetxatqtu qh the reaee, A5 S3;

Gqxetnqt, A5 S39(a), A6 S5(b)

Eqwnt{ eqwttu, See EQWPVY EQWTVS

Jqwue qh Terteuentat�xeu, rqwet tq �oreaeh, A5 S39

D�ue�r＀�ne, A5 S32

Jwut�eeu anf �wfieu, A5 S39(a), A5 S32(f)

D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀, A5 S39(a), A5 S6(a)

N�ewtenant Gqxetnqt, A5 S39(a)

G＀eet�qn, A5 S32, A5 S33(b)

M�ufeoeanqt �n qhh�ee, A5 S39(a)

G＀�i�b�＀�t{, A5 S8, A5 S22(f)

Qhh�eetu ＀�ab＀e tq �oreaehoent, A5 S39(a)

Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a), A5 S32(f)

Pqwet, A5 S39(a)
Knxq＀wntat{ tet�teoent, A5 S32(b), (e)

Pteu�f�ni qhh�eet, �oreaehoent tt�a＀, A5 S39(e)

Jwf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qnu, A5 S33, A5 S22(e)

Senate tt�a＀, A5 S39(b), (e)

Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn, A2 S8(h), A5 S32,

Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, teorqtat{ arrq�ntoent, A5 S39(b)

A5 S22(e)

Vqte, A5 S39(a), (e)

Pqo�nat�qn, A5 S33

Pwobet, feteto�nat�qn, A5 S;

IMPRISONMENT Pq＀�t�ea＀ ratt{ qhh�ee, hq＀f�ni, A5 S35

(See also PWPKSJMGPV)

Ptaet�ee qh ＀aw, A5 S35

Afo�n�uttat�xe uentenee, A3 S38

Ptqh�b�tef aet�x�t�eu, A5 S35

Eqnteort qh Nei�u＀atwte, A5 S5
Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A5 S8, A5 S22(e), (f)

Eqwtt/oatt�a＀, �orqu�t�qn qh uentenee, A3 S38

Teoqxa＀ htqo qhh�ee, A5 S32

Debt, uentenee hqt, A3 S33

Tert�oanf, A5 S32(a)

Knfeh�n�te, A3 S39
Tetent�qn, A5 S32(a)

Senteneeu wnfet 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn, A32 S9(a)

Tet�tef �wfieu, teorqtat{ fwt{, A5 S2(b)

Tw＀e qh eqnuttwet�qn, A32 S32

INALIENABLE RIGHTS, A3 S2 Sa＀at�eu, A5 S36(a), A5 S22(h), A32 S25

Swrteoe Eqwtt �wut�eeu, See SWPTGMG EQWTV

INCOME TAX, A9 S5 Swurenu�qn, A5 S32(a), (e)

Veorqtat{ auu�inoentu, A5 S2(b), A5 S5(a)

Vetou qh qhh�ee, A5 S32, A5 S33(a), (b)

INCOMPETENT PERSONS
Vtanu�t�qn rtqx�u�qnu, A5 S22

D�uqwa＀�h�eat�qn htqo xqte anf rwb＀�e qhh�ee, A8 S6(a)

Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, A5 S32(a), A5 S33

Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{, a＀�enat�qn, A32 S6(e)

JUDICIAL CIRCUITS
INDICTMENTS, A3 S35(a), A3 S38(a)
Eh�eh �wfieu, See EKTEWKV EQWTVS

E�tew�t eqwttu, ieneta＀＀{, See EKTEWKV EQWTVS

INDUSTRIAL PLANTS, A9 S32(e) Eqwtt uetx�ni, A5 S5(a)

Gutab＀�uhoent, A5 S3, A5 S22(e)

INFORMATIONS, A3 S35(a), A3 S38(a) Jwfieu, ieneta＀＀{, See JWDGGS

Jwf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qnu, A5 S33(f), A5 S22(e)

INHERITANCE Pwb＀�e fehenfetu, A5 S38

A＀�enu, A3 S2
Tefeh�n�ni, A5 S;

Vaz, A9 S5(a)
Tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte, A5 S33(f)

State attqtne{u, A5 S39

INITIATIVES, A33 S5, A33 S5(b), (e) Statew�fe rtqueewtqt, A6 S6(b)

INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING, A9 S35(a), JUDICIAL NOMINATING COMMISSIONS, A6 S6(b), A5 S33,

A; S3(a), A32 S;(a) A5 S22(e)

INSURRECTION, A3 S35, A6 S3(a) JUDICIAL POWER, A2 S5, A5 S3

32
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

JUDICIAL QUALIFICATIONS COMMISSION, A2 S8(h), LEGISLATIVE BUDGET COMMISSION, JOINT,

A5 S32, A5 S22(e) A5 S3;(e), (�)

JUDICIARY, A5 LEGISLATIVE POWER, A2 S5, A5 S3

JUNIOR COLLEGES, A9 S35(a), A32 S;(a), (f) LEGISLATURE

Abqtt�qnu �nxq＀x�ni o�nqtu, rqwetu anf fwt�eu, A32 S22
JURIES Arrqtt�qnoent
Arr＀�eab�＀�t{ qh eqnut�twt�qna＀ rtqx�u�qnu, A32 S35
Gtanf �wt{, A3 S35(a)

Gzttaqtf�nat{ arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qn, A5 S38(f), (e), (h)

Koratt�a＀, t�iht qh aeewuef, A3 S38(a)

Ha�＀wte tq arrqtt�qn, A5 S38(b)

Jwtqtu, qwa＀�h�eat�qnu anf nwobet, A3 S22
Gw�fe＀�neu hqt tef�utt�et�ni, A5 S23
Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a)
Jq�nt teuq＀wt�qn qh arrqtt�qnoent, A5 S38
Vt�a＀ b{ �wt{, A3 S22
Jwf�e�a＀ tearrqtt�qnoent, A5 S38(b), (h)
Jwf�e�a＀ tex�ew, A5 S38(e), (f), (e), (h)
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY, A3 S35(b) Terteuentat�xe f�utt�etu, A5 S38(a)
Senatqt�a＀ f�utt�etu, A5 S38(a)
Sree�a＀ arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qn, A5 S38(a), (b)
K V�oe hqt oanfatef tearrqtt�qnoent, A5 S38(a)
Va＀�f�t{, A5 S38(e), (f), (e), (h)
KEY WEST, CITY OF, A8 S8(e) Arrtqrt�at�qnu, See APPTQPTKAVKQPS

Awf�tqt, A5 S2

D�＀＀u

L Aoenfoent, A5 S9

Aoenfoent qh ＀awu, A5 S8

LABOR ORGANIZATIONS Arrtqrt�at�qnu, A5 S8, A5 S32, A5 S3;(b), (f)

Eq＀＀eet�xe batia�n�ni, A3 S8
E＀auu�h�eat�qn qh rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qnu, A5 S33(b)

T�iht tq wqt�, A3 S8
Ghheet�xe fate, A5 S;

Gnaet�ni e＀awue, A5 S8

LAND ACQUISITION TRUST FUND Gzeewt�xe arrtqxa＀, A5 S8

Dqnf qt taz texenweu, ferqu�t qt etef�t, A32 S;(a)

Kteo xetq, A5 S8, A5 S3;(b)

Qt�i�n, A5 S9

Eqnuetxat�qn rwtrqueu, fef�eatef wue, A32 S28

Qxett�fe qh xetq, A5 S8(e), A5 S;

Vtwuteeu, A6 S6(h)

Pauuaie, A5 S9, A5 S8(a), (e), A5 S;

Pteuentat�qn tq Gqxetnqt, A5 S8(a)

LAW ENFORCEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF, A6 S6(i) Teaf�niu, A5 S9

Tex�u�qn qh ＀awu, A5 S8

LAWS Sree�a＀ ＀awu, A5 S32, A5 S33(a)

Aoenfoent, A5 S8 Swb�eet oattet, A5 S8, A5 S33, A5 S32

Arrtqrt�at�qnu, A5 S8, A5 S32 V�t＀e, A5 S8, A5 S9

D�＀＀ qh atta�nfet, A3 S32, A3 S39 Vetq, A5 S8, A5 S;, A5 S3;(b)

D�＀＀u, See NGGKSNAVWTG Vqte hqt rauuaie, A5 S9, A5 S8(e), A9 S3(e), A32 S32(e)

E＀auu�h�eat�qn qh rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qnu, A5 S33(b) Dtaneh qh iqxetnoent, A2 S5

Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885 rtqx�u�qnu, eqnt�nwanee au utatwteu, Dwfiet�ni rtqeeuueu, A5 S3;, A9 S3(e)

A5 S22(i), A32 S32 Dwu�neuu qh, A5 S5(e), (f)

Eqwnt{ ehattetu, A8 S3(e) Ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu, arrtqxa＀, A9 S33(h)

Et�o�na＀ utatwteu, ehheet qh terea＀ qt aoenfoent, A32 S; Eqoo�tteeu

Ghheet�xe fate, A5 S; Koreaehoent �nxeut�iat�qnu, A5 S39(a)

Gnaet�ni e＀awue, A5 S8 Knxeut�iat�qnu, A5 S5, A5 S39(a)

Gnaetoent, A5 S9, A5 S8 Meet�niu, qren tq rwb＀�e, A5 S6(e)

Gz rqut haetq ＀aw, A3 S32 Swbrqena rqwet, A5 S5

H＀qt�fa Statwteu, ehartet 225, A32 S;(a) Vqteu, teeqtf�ni, A5 S6(e)

Geneta＀ ＀awu qh ＀qea＀ arr＀�eat�qn, A5 S33(a), A6 S; Y�tneuueu, A5 S6(e), A5 S5

Eqorqu�t�qn, A5 S3

Nqea＀ ＀awu, A8 S8(f), A32 S32(i)

Eqnewttent teuq＀wt�qnu, A5 S5(e), A5 S;

Qtf�naneeu
Eqnut�twt�qn

Eqwnt{, See EQWPVKGS Aoenfoent, A33 S3, A33 S5(a), A32 S36
Mwn�e�ra＀, See MWPKEKPANKVKGS
Sehefw＀eu, fe＀et�qn qh qbuq＀ete �teou, A5 S22(�),
Pteuetxat�qn wrqn afqrt�qn qh Eqnut�twt�qn, A32 S8
A8 S8(i), A32 S33
Ptqh�b�tef ＀awu, A3 S5, A3 S6, A3 S32, A5 S33(a)
Wn�tef Stateu, rtqrquef aoenfoent, A32 S3

Tex�u�qn, A5 S8
Eqnteort, A5 S6(f), A5 S5

Sree�a＀ ＀awu
Eqwttu

Eqnuq＀�fat�qn qh ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu, A8 S5

Arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu, eutab＀�uhoent, A5 S3, A5 S;

Eqwnt{ ehattetu, A8 S3(e)

Eqwtt/oatt�a＀, awthqt�zat�qn, A5 S3

Eqwnt{ ue＀h/iqxetnoent rqwetu, A8 S3(h)

Jwfieu, �neteau�ni qt feeteau�ni nwobet, A5 S;

Deh�n�t�qn, A32 S32(i)

Jwf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu, eutab＀�uhoent, A5 S3

Pqt�ee, �ntent�qn tq enaet, A5 S32

Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn tw＀eu, terea＀,

Ptqh�b�tef uwb�eetu, A5 S33(a), A6 S;

A5 S32(a)
Swret�ntenfentu qh uehqq＀u, A; S5
Tw＀eu qh rtaet�ee anf rtqeefwte, terea＀, A5 S2(a),
Swb�eet oattet, A5 S8, A5 S33, A5 S32
A5 S33(f)
V�t＀e, A5 S8
Swrteoe Eqwtt tw＀eu, terea＀, A5 S2(a)

33
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

LEGISLATURE (Eqnt0) LEGISLATURE (Eqnt0)

Death rena＀t{ ezeewt�qn oethqfu, feu�inat�qn, A3 S39 Mat�ne net h�uh�ni x�q＀at�qnu, enaetoent qh oqte utt�nient
Goetiene{ rqwetu, A2 S8 rena＀t�eu, A32 S38(e)
Gneo{ attae�, rqwet tq enuwte eqnt�nw�t{ qh iqxetnoent, Meet�niu, qren tq the rwb＀�e, A3 S26(b), A5 S6(e)
A2 S8 M�n�owo waie hqt H＀qt�f�anu, rqwetu, A32 S26(h)
Geneta＀ ＀awu teqw�t�ni ＀qea＀ ezrenf�twteu, ＀�o�t�ni ab�＀�t{ tq Mqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu, ＀ei�u＀at�xe teutt�et�qnu,
ta�ue texenwe qt tefwe�ni reteentaie qh utate taz uhatef, A32 S;(f)
A9 S38 Patfqn, tteauqn eaueu, A6 S8(b)
Geneta＀＀{, A5 P＀ann�ni fqewoentu, tex�ew, A5 S3;(h)
Gqxetnqt Pwb＀�e efweat�qn ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu, awthqt�zat�qn, A32 S;(a)
Af�qwtnoent qh ueuu�qn, A5 S5(h) Pwb＀�e h�nane�ni qh eaora�inu hqt utatew�fe qhh�eeu, hwnf�ni,
Arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qnu, eqnxen�ni b{ rtqe＀aoat�qn, A8 S9
A5 S38(a), (f) Pwn�uhoent rqwet, A5 S6(f), A5 S5
Meet�niu between Gqxetnqt anf ＀ei�u＀at�xe ＀eafetuh�r, Tearrqtt�qnoent, See uwbt�t＀e Arrqtt�qnoent, th�u heaf�ni
qren tq rwb＀�e, A5 S6(e) Teeqtfu qh ＀ei�u＀at�xe btaneh, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26
Meuuaie qn eqnf�t�qn qh utate, A6 S3(e) Texenwe eq＀＀eet�qn ＀�o�tat�qn, �neteaue b{ twq/th�tfu xqte,
Teutqtat�qn qh earae�t{, A6 S5(b) A9 S3(e)
Sree�a＀ ueuu�qn, eqnxen�ni b{ rtqe＀aoat�qn, A5 S5(e) Sehqq＀ ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ rtq�eetu, awthqt�zat�qn, A32 S;(a)
Vetq qh b�＀＀u, A5 S8, A5 S;, A5 S3;(b) Senate
J�ih ureef itqwnf ttanurqttat�qn u{uteo, fexe＀qroent, Arrq�ntoent qt teoqxa＀ qh rwb＀�e qhh�eetu, A5 S6(b),
A32 S3; A6 S8(a)

J�utqt�e rtqrett{ taz auueuuoentu, a＀＀qw�ni eqwnt{ anf E＀quef ueuu�qnu, A5 S6(b)

own�e�ra＀ qtf�naneeu, A9 S6(e) Eqorqu�t�qn, A5 S3

Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{ taz ezeort�qn hqt e＀fet＀{ retuqnu, Eqnh�toat�qn qh arrq�ntoentu

a＀＀qw�ni eqwnt{ anf own�e�ra＀ qtf�naneeu, A9 S8(f) Gfweat�qn, State Dqatf qh, A; S2

Jqwue qh Terteuentat�xeu
H�uh anf Y�＀f＀�he Eqnuetxat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A6 S;

E＀et�, A5 S2, A5 S9
M�＀�t�a ieneta＀ qhh�eetu, A32 S2(e)

Eqorqu�t�qn, A5 S3
Teqw�teoent, A6 S8(a)

D�utt�etu, A5 S3, A5 S35(e), A5 S38(a)

State Wn�xetu�t{ S{uteo Statew�fe Dqatf qh Gqxetnqtu,

Koreaehoent qh qhh�eetu, A5 S39

A; S9(f)

Meobetu
D�utt�etu, A5 S3, A5 S35(a), (e), A5 S38(a)

Abuenee, rena＀t�eu, A5 S6(a)

Koreaehoent tt�a＀, A5 S39(b), (e)

Auuwort�qn qh qhh�ee, A5 S35(f)

Qhh�eetu, A5 S2, A5 S5(a)

Eqnteort, A5 S6(f)
Pteu�fent

D�uqtfet＀{ eqnfwet, A5 S6(f)

Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, arrq�ntoent,
G＀eet�qn, A5 S3, A5 S2, A5 S35(b)
A33 S2(a)
Gzrw＀u�qn, A5 S6(f)
Gqxetnoent Ghh�e�ene{ Vau� Hqtee, arrq�ntoent,
Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A5 S2, A5 S35(e)
A5 S3;(�)
Terteuentat�qn qh e＀�entu behqte iqxetnoent bqf{,
Nei�u＀at�xe Dwfiet Eqoo�uu�qn, arrq�ntoent,
A2 S8(e)
A5 S3;(�)
Veto ＀�o�tat�qnu, A8 S6(b)
Texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, bwfiet tefwet�qnu, A6 S35
Veto qh qhh�ee, A5 S35(b), A32 S36
Se＀eet�qn, A5 S2
Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, A5 S35(f)
S�inatwte, b�＀＀u anf �q�nt teuq＀wt�qnu, A5 S9
Qhh�eetu, A5 S2, A5 S5(a)
Sree�a＀ ueuu�qnu, eqnxen�ni, A6 S9(b)
Swqtwo, A5 S6(a)
Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn,
Tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte, A5 S6(a), (e)
arrq�ntoent, A33 S8(a)

Srea�et
Swqtwo, A5 S6(a)

Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, arrq�ntoent, Tw＀eu qh rtqeefwte, A5 S6(a), (e)

A33 S2(a) Seetetat{, A5 S2, A5 S9

Gqxetnoent Ghh�e�ene{ Vau� Hqtee, arrq�ntoent, Senatqtu

A5 S3;(�) Abuenee, rena＀t�eu, A5 S6(a)

Koreaehoent �nxeut�iat�qn eqoo�ttee, arrq�ntoent, Auuwort�qn qh qhh�ee, A5 S35(f)

A5 S39(a) Eqnteort, A5 S6(f)

Nei�u＀at�xe Dwfiet Eqoo�uu�qn, arrq�ntoent, D�uqtfet＀{ eqnfwet, A5 S6(f)

A5 S3;(�) G＀eet�qn, A5 S3, A5 S2, A5 S35(a)

Texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, bwfiet tefwet�qnu, A6 S35 Gzrw＀u�qn, A5 S6(f)

Se＀eet�qn, A5 S2 Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A5 S2, A5 S35(e)

S�inatwte, b�＀＀u anf �q�nt teuq＀wt�qnu, A5 S9 Terteuentat�qn qh e＀�entu behqte iqxetnoent bqf{,

Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, A2 S8(e)

arrq�ntoent, A33 S8(a)

Veto ＀�o�tat�qnu, A8 S6(b)

Kneqoe taz tate, �neteaue awthqt�zat�qn, A9 S5

Veto qh qhh�ee, A5 S35(a), A32 S32

Knxeut�iat�qnu, A5 S5, A5 S39(a)

Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, A5 S35(f)

Jq�nt teuq＀wt�qnu, A5 S9, A5 S38, A33 S3

Sree�a＀ ueuu�qnu, A6 S9(b)

Jqwtna＀u
Swurenfef qhh�eetu, teoqxa＀ qt te�nutateoent, A6 S9(b)

D�＀＀ t�t＀eu, rwb＀�eat�qn, A5 S9

Seuu�qnu

Eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent teuq＀wt�qn, A33 S3

Af�qwtnoent, A5 S5(e), (h), A5 S6(a)

Gqxetnqt'u xetqeu, entt{, A5 S8(b)

Arrqtt�qnoent ueuu�qnu

Pwb＀�eat�qn, A5 S6(e)
Gzttaqtf�nat{, A5 S38(f), (e), (h)

Teqw�teoent, A5 S6(e)
Teiw＀at, A5 S38(a)

Vqteu qh oeobetu, A5 S6(e), A5 S9, A5 S8(e)

Sree�a＀, A5 S38(a), (b)

Nei�u＀at�xe Dwfiet Eqoo�uu�qn, Jq�nt, A5 S3;(e), (�)

E＀quef, A5 S6(b)

Nei�u＀at�xe rqwet, A2 S5, A5 S3

Gztenu�qn, A5 S5(f)

32
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

LEGISLATURE (Eqnt0) MARIJUANA (MEDICAL), A32 S2;

Seuu�qnu (Eqnt0)
Nenith, A5 S5(f) MARINE ANIMALS
Nqeat�qn, A2 S2 See HKSJKPG
Qtian�zat�qn ueuu�qnu, A5 S5(a)
Pwb＀�e, A5 S6(b) MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION, A32 S25
Teiw＀at ueuu�qnu, A5 S5(b), (f), (h), A5 S8(b)
Sree�a＀ ueuu�qnu, A5 S5(e), (f), (h), A5 S8(b), MARRIAGE
A5 S38(a), (b), A6 S9(b) Saoe/uez oatt�aie, �nxa＀�f�t{, A3 S29
S＀qt oaeh�neu �n Dtqwatf anf M�ao�/Dafe Eqwnt�eu, fwt�eu,
A32 S25(b) MEDICAL MARIJUANA, A32 S2;
Swbrqena rqwet, A5 S5
Wn�tef Stateu Eqnut�twt�qn, rtqrquef aoenfoent, A32 S3 MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE, A3 S28, A32 S25, A32 S28
Vqt�ni, A5 S6(e), A5 S9, A5 S8(e), A32 S32(e)
Y�tneuueu, A5 S6(e), A5 S5
MIAMI-DADE COUNTY, A8 S8(e), (h), A32 S25
LEON COUNTY, A2 S2 MILITARY AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF, A3 S38
LICENSING BOARDS, A6 S8(b) MILITARY PERSONNEL TAX EXEMPTION, A9 S5(i),
A32 S53
LIENS
Gzeort rtqrett{, A32 S6(a) MILITARY POWER, A3 S9
Kntani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{ taz, qb＀�iat�qnu ueewtef b{ ＀�en,
A9 S2 MILITIA
Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a) Af�wtant Geneta＀, A32 S2(e), (f)

Ea＀＀ tq fwt{, A6 S3(f)

LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR Eqooanfet/�n/eh�eh, A6 S3(a)

Aet�ni Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(b)

Eqorqu�t�qn, A32 S2(a)

Eteat�qn qh qhh�ee, A6 S2
Eqwttu/oatt�a＀, A3 S35(a)

Dwt�eu, A6 S2
Pat�qna＀ Gwatf, A9 S5(i), A32 S2(f), A32 S53

G＀eet�qn, A6 S5(a)
Qhh�eetu

Gzeewt�xe ferattoentu, uwretx�u�qn, A6 S8

Arrq�ntoent, A32 S2(e)

Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a)
Jq＀f�ni rwb＀�e qhh�ee, A2 S5(a)

Qhh�ee ＀qeat�qn, A2 S2
Swurenu�qn, A6 S9(a), (b)

Swa＀�h�eat�qnu, A6 S5(b)
Qtian�zat�qn, oa�ntenanee, anf f�ue�r＀�ne, A32 S2(b)

Sweeeuu�qn tq qhh�ee qh Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(a)

Pqwet uwbqtf�nate tq e�x�＀, A3 S9

Veto ＀�o�tat�qnu, A8 S6(b)

Veto qh qhh�ee, A6 S5(a)

MINIMUM WAGE, A32 S26

LIFE AND LIBERTY, RIGHT TO, A3 S2 MINORITIES

Eqniteuu�qna＀ qt ＀ei�u＀at�xe tef�utt�et�ni, ehheet qn, A5 S22,
LOCAL GOVERNMENT A5 S23
Dqnf h�nane�ni, See DQPDS
E＀auu�h�eat�qn �n ieneta＀ ＀awu, A5 S33(b) MINORS
Eqnuq＀�fat�qn, A8 S5, A8 S8(e) See EJKNDTGP
Eqwnt�eu, See EQWPVKGS
Etef�t, r＀efi�ni, A9 S32 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS, A32
D�utt�etu, See SPGEKAN DKSVTKEVS
G＀eett�e ienetat�qn anf ttanuo�uu�qn hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(f) MOBILE HOMES, A9 S3(b)
Geneta＀＀{, A8
Jqoe tw＀e, A8 S8(e) MONORAILS, A32 S3;
Jq�nt qwnetuh�r w�th rt�xate ent�t�eu, A9 S32
Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu, See MWPKEKPANKVKGS MONROE COUNTY, A8 S8(e)
Pwb＀�e hwnfu, �nxeutoent, A9 S32
Vazeu, A9 S; MORTGAGES, A9 S2
Vaz�ni rqwet, ＀�o�tat�qn, A9 S32
Vtanuhet qh rqwetu, A8 S6 MOTOR VEHICLES
Af xa＀qteo tazeu, A9 S3(b)

LOTTERIES, A32 S9, A32 S35 Hwe＀ tazeu, A9 S39(b), A32 S;(e)

N�eenue texenweu, A32 S;(f)

N�eenue taz, A9 S3(b)

M Vta�＀etu anf tta�＀et eqaeheu, A9 S3(b)

MANDAMUS MUNICIPALITIES
E�tew�t eqwttu, A5 S5(b) Abq＀�uhoent, A8 S2(a)

D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀, A5 S6(b) Af xa＀qteo tazat�qn, A9 S;, A32 S2

Swrteoe Eqwtt, A5 S5(b) Annezat�qn, A8 S2(e)

Dqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S32(e), A9 S32

MANUFACTURING PLANTS, A9 S32(e) Ehattet, A6 S9(e), A8 S2(a)

35
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

MUNICIPALITIES (Eqnt0) NATURAL RESOURCES (Eqnt0)

E�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteo, A5 S36 Eqnuetxat�qn anf rtqteet�qn (Eqnt0)
Eqnuq＀�fat�qn qh ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu, A8 S5, A8 S8(e) Vazat�qn qh ＀anf he＀f hqt eqnuetxat�qn rwtrqueu, A9 S5(h),
Eqwttu, A5 S22(f) A9 S6(b), A32 S28

Etef�t, r＀efi�ni, A9 S32 H�uh anf oat�ne an�oa＀u, See HKSJKPG

Dafe Eqwnt{, Mettqrq＀�tan Gqxetnoent qh, A8 S8(h) Pq�ue abateoent, A2 S9(a)

G＀eet�qnu, A8 S8 Pq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ anf abateoent, A2 S9, A9 S36

G＀eett�e ienetat�qn anf ttanuo�uu�qn hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(f) Teeteat�qn ＀anf aeqw�u�t�qn anf �ortqxeoent, bqnf

Gutab＀�uhoent, A8 S2(a) �uuwanee, A9 S33(e), A32 S;(a)

Gzttatett�tqt�a＀ rqwetu, A8 S2(e)
Knfebtefneuu, eett�h�eateu qh, A9 S32 NAVIGABLE WATERS, A32 S33
Knxeutoent qh rwb＀�e hwnfu, A9 S32
Jae�uqnx�＀＀e, E�t{ qh, A8 S8(e) NET FISHING, A32 S38
Jq�nt qwnetuh�r w�th rt�xate ent�t�eu, A9 S32
Me{ Yeut, E�t{ qh, A8 S8(e)
Nei�u＀at�xe bqf�eu, A8 S2(b) NOISE POLLUTION, A2 S9(a)
Manfatef ezrenf�twte qh hwnfu, hwnf�ni b{ Nei�u＀atwte,
A9 S38(a)
NOTARIES PUBLIC, A2 S5(a)
Meet�niu, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26(b)

Metietu, A8 S2(e)

Qhh�eetu

O
Eqnt�nwanee �n qhh�ee, A8 S8(e)

Jq＀f�ni qthet qhh�eeu, A2 S5(a)

OATHS
Ptqueewtqt, A5 S39, A5 S22(e)
G＀eetqtu, A8 S5

Swurenu�qn htqo qhh�ee, A6 S9(e)

Pwb＀�e qhh�eetu, A2 S5(b)

Qtf�naneeu
Eqoown�t{ anf eeqnqo�e fexe＀qroent taz ezeort�qnu, OCCUPATIONAL REGULATION
A9 S5(e) N�eenu�ni bqatfu, A6 S8(b)

Eqnh＀�et w�th eqwnt{ qtf�naneeu, A8 S3(h), (i) Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a)

J�utqt�e rtqrett�eu, A9 S5(f), A9 S6(e), A32 S22

Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{ taz ezeort�qn hqt e＀fet＀{ retuqnu, OFFICIAL LANGUAGE, A2 S;
A9 S8(f)
V�q＀at�qnu, rtqueewt�qn, A5 S39 OPEN MEETINGS, A3 S26(b), (e), (f), A5 S6(e), A32 S22
Pq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36
Pqwetu, A8 S2(b), (e), A8 S8(b)
Ptqrett{ qwnef b{, tazat�qn, A9 S5(a) ORDINANCES
Ptqrett{ w�th�n, tazat�qn b{ eqwnt{, A8 S3(h) Eqwnt{, See EQWPVKGS

Tefwet�qn qh awthqt�t{ tq ta�ue texenwe, ＀ei�u＀at�xe arrtqxa＀, Mwn�e�ra＀, See MWPKEKPANKVKGS

A9 S38(b)

State a�f, A9 S8
OUTDOOR RECREATION, A9 S33(e), A32 S28(b),
State taz texenweu, ＀ei�u＀at�xe arrtqxa＀ qh tefwet�qn,
A32 S;(a)
A9 S38(e)
Statwu, eqnt�nwat�qn wrqn afqrt�qn qh Eqnut�twt�qn, A8 S8(b)
Va＀＀ahauuee, E�t{ qh, A2 S2
P
Vaz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, A9 S32
Vazeu, A9 S;, A32 S2 PARDON, A6 S8(a), (b)
Vaz�ni rqwet, ＀�o�tat�qn, A9 S32
Vtanuhet qh hwnet�qn qt rqwet, A8 S6 PARENT AND CHILD
Wt�＀�t{ uetx�eeu itquu teee�rtu taz, ra{oent, A32 S;(a) Abqtt�qn �nxq＀x�ni o�nqt, rt�qt nqt�h�eat�qn qh ratent,

Yaute f�urqua＀ hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36 A32 S22

Yatet hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36

PARI-MUTUEL GAMBLING, A9 S9, A32 S9, A32 S25
N
PAROLE, A6 S8(e)
NATIONAL GUARD, A9 S5(i), A32 S2(f), A32 S53
PAROLE AND PROBATION COMMISSION, A6 S8(e)
NATIONAL ORIGIN DISCRIMINATION, A3 S2
PENSION SYSTEMS (PUBLIC), A2 S8(f), A32 S36
NATURAL RESOURCES
Eqnuetxat�qn anf rtqteet�qn PETITION
Dqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S33(e), A32 S;(a) Eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent �n�t�at�xe, A33 S5, A33 S5(a)

Debt uetx�ee qn bqnfu, A32 S28(b) Eqnut�twt�qna＀ eqnxent�qn ea＀＀, A33 S6(a)

Dqewoent eze�ue taz rtqeeefu, wue hqt eqnuetxat�qn Tefteuu qh it�exaneeu, A3 S5

rwtrqueu, A32 S28

Gxeti＀afeu Vtwut Hwnf, f�ubwtueoentu, A32 S39(a), (e) PHYSICIANS
Geneta＀ rtqx�u�qnu, A2 S9(a) Mef�ea＀ oat��wana wue, eett�h�eat�qn, A32 S2;(a)
Seen�e beawt{, A2 S9(a) Tereatef oef�ea＀ oa＀rtaet�ee, rwb＀�e rtqteet�qn, A32 S28
State eqnuetxat�qn ＀anfu, f�urqu�t�qn teutt�et�qnu,
A32 S38 PIGS, A32 S23

36
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

PLANNING PUBLIC EMPLOYEES (Eqnt0)

Gqxetnqt, teurqnu�b�＀�t{, A5 S3;(h), A6 S3(a)
Gth�eu, eqfe qh, A2 S8, A5 S38
State r＀ann�ni rtqeeuueu anf r＀ann�ni fqewoentu,
H�nane�a＀ �nteteutu, f�ue＀quwte, A2 S8
A5 S3;(a), (h)
Teeqtfu, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26(a)
Terteuentat�qn qh e＀�entu behqte iqxetnoent bqf{, A2 S8(e)
POLITICAL PARTIES, A5 S35, A8 S3 Stt��e, t�iht tq, A3 S8

POLITICAL POWER, A3 S3 PUBLIC LANDS, A32 S33, A32 S;(a)

POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS PUBLIC MEETINGS

E＀auu�h�eat�qn �n ieneta＀ ＀awu, A5 S33(b)
Aeeeuu tq anf nqt�ee qh, A3 S26(b), (e), (f), A5 S6(e),
Eqwnt�eu, See EQWPVKGS
A32 S22
Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu, See MWPKEKPANKVKGS
Nei�u＀atwte, A5 S6(e)
Sree�a＀ f�utt�etu, See SPGEKAN DKSVTKEVS

PUBLIC OFFICERS
POLLUTION CONTROL AND ABATEMENT, A2 S9, A9 S36 Dqnf, A2 S5(b)
Dteaeh qh rwb＀�e ttwut, A2 S8(e), (f), (h)
PORT FACILITIES, A9 S32(e) Eaora�in h�naneeu, f�ue＀quwte, A2 S8(b)
E�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteo, A5 S36
POWERS OF GOVERNMENT Eqorenuat�qn, A2 S5(e), A5 S32, A32 S5
Gzeewt�xe rqwet, A2 S5, A6 S3(a)
Eqnh＀�etu qh �nteteut, A2 S8(i), A5 S38
Jwf�e�a＀ rqwet, A2 S5, A5 S3
Eqnt�nwanee �n qhh�ee wrqn afqrt�qn qh Eqnut�twt�qn,
Nei�u＀at�xe rqwet, A2 S5, A5 S3
A8 S8(e), A32 S5
M�＀�tat{ rqwet, A3 S9
Eqwnt{ qhh�eetu, See EQWPVKGS
Pq＀�t�ea＀ rqwet, A3 S3
Eteat�qn qh qhh�ee, ＀�o�tat�qn qh teto qh qhh�ee, A5 S35
Seratat�qn qh rqwetu, A2 S5
Gth�eu, eqfe qh, A2 S8, A5 S38
He＀qnu, f�uqwa＀�h�eat�qn htqo hq＀f�ni qhh�ee, A8 S6(a)
PREGNANT PIGS, A32 S23 H�nane�a＀ �nteteutu, f�ue＀quwte, A2 S8
Jq＀f�ni qthet qhh�eeu, A2 S5(a)
PRESS, FREEDOM OF, A3 S6 Koreaehoent, See KMPGAEJMGPV
Menta＀＀{ �neqoretent retuqnu, f�uqwa＀�h�eat�qn htqo hq＀f�ni
qhh�ee, A8 S6(a)
PRETRIAL RELEASE AND DETENTION, A3 S36 Mwn�e�ra＀ qhh�eetu, See MWPKEKPANKVKGS
Qath qh qhh�ee, A2 S5(b)
PRIVACY, RIGHT OF, A3 S25, A32 S22 Pqwetu anf fwt�eu, A2 S5(b), (e)
Swau�/�wf�e�a＀ rqwet, A5 S3
PROBATION, A6 S8(e) Teeqtfu, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26(a)
Terteuentat�qn qh e＀�entu behqte iqxetnoent bqf{, A2 S8(e)
PROHIBITION, WRIT OF, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(b), A5 S5(b) Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a)
Sweeeuu�qn, eneo{ attae� eoetiene{, A2 S8
PROPERTY Swurenu�qn htqo qhh�ee, A6 S9
Aeqw�u�t�qn, rquueuu�qn, anf rtqteet�qn; t�ihtu qh, A3 S2 Vetou qh qhh�ee, See VGTMS QH QHHKEG
Af xa＀qteo tazeu, See VAZAVKQP Vaeane�eu �n qhh�ee, See VAEAPEY KP QHHKEG
A＀�enu, tea＀ rtqrett{ qwnetuh�r anf f�urqu�t�qn, A3 S2
Ewtteu{, A32 S5 PUBLIC RECORDS
Dert�xat�qn w�thqwt fwe rtqeeuu qh ＀aw, A3 S; Aeeeuu tq, A3 S26(a), (e), (f), A32 S22

Dqwet, A32 S5 Gzeort�qnu htqo f�ue＀quwte, A3 S26(a), (e)

Dta�naie eaueoentu, A32 S8(b)

Go�nent fqoa�n, A32 S8 PUNISHMENT
Hqteef ua＀e, ezeort�qnu htqo, A32 S6 Afo�n�uttat�xe rena＀t�eu, A3 S38
Jqoeuteaf, See JQMGSVGAD PTQPGTVY Dteaeh qh rwb＀�e ttwut, A2 S8(e), (f)
Neaueu, rwb＀�e＀{ h�naneef hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(e) E＀eoene{, A6 S8
N�enu, A5 S33(a), A9 S2, A32 S6 Eqnteort, A5 S6(f), A5 S5
Matt�ef wqoen, A32 S5 Equtu, ra{oent b{ aeewuef, A3 S3;
Mwn�e�ra＀ rtqrett{, tazat�qn, A9 S5(a) Eqwnt{ qtf�nanee x�q＀at�qnu, A8 S3(�)
Teeteat�qn ＀anfu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A32 S;(a) Eqwtt/oatt�a＀, A3 S38
T�ihtu tq aeqw�te, rquueuu, anf rtqteet, A3 S2 Et�o�na＀ utatwteu, ehheet qh terea＀ qt aoenfoent, A32 S;
Sqxete�int{ ＀anfu, A32 S33 Etwe＀ anf wnwuwa＀, A3 S39
Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a) Death rena＀t{, A3 S39, A5 S5(b)
Swboetief ＀anfu, A32 S33 Gzeeuu�xe, A3 S39
Va��ni hqt rwb＀�e rwtrqueu, A32 S8 Kort�uqnoent hqt febt, A3 S33
Vazat�qn, See VAZAVKQP uwbt�t＀e Af xa＀qteo tazeu Jwfieu, f�ue�r＀�ne, A5 S32(a), (e), (e)
Jwxen�＀e fe＀�nqwentu, A3 S35(b)
PROPERTY APPRAISERS, A8 S3(f) Nei�u＀atqtu, A5 S6(a), (f)
Patfqn, A6 S8(a), (b)
PUBLIC DEFENDERS, A5 S36(a), (e), A5 S38, A32 S25 Patq＀e, A6 S8(e)
Pena＀t�eu, h�neu, anf hqthe�twteu wnfet 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn,
PUBLIC EMPLOYEES A32 S9(a)
Dteaeh qh rwb＀�e ttwut, A2 S8(e), (f), (h)
Ptqbat�qn, A6 S8(e)
E�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteo, A5 S36
Senteneeu wnfet 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn, A32 S9(a)
Eqnh＀�etu qh �nteteut, A2 S8(i), A5 S38
Sree�a＀ ＀awu retta�n�ni tq, A5 S33(a)

35
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

PUNISHMENT (Eqnt0) REVENUE (Eqnt0)

Y�tneuueu, ＀ei�u＀at�xe �nxeut�iat�qn, A5 S5 Pew heeu �orquef b{ eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent, arrtqxa＀
b{ twq/th�tfu qh xqtetu, A33 S9
Pat�/owtwe＀ tazeu, a＀＀qeat�qn, A9 S9
Q Ta�u�ni tq fehta{ utate ezrenueu, A9 S3(f)
Texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, bwfiet tefwet�qnu, A5 S3;(h), A6 S35
QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTABILITY Seeqnf iau taz, a＀＀qeat�qn, A32 S;(e)
PROGRAM, A5 S3;(h) Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, tex�ew qh
texenwe neefu, A33 S8(f)
QUASI-JUDICIAL POWER, A5 S3
REVENUE BONDS
QUO WARRANTO, WRIT OF, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(b), A5 S5(b) See DQPDS

REVISION
R See AMGPDMGPV

RACIAL DISCRIMINATION, A3 S2 RIGHT OF PRIVACY, A3 S25, A32 S22

RAIL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM, A32 S3; RIGHT TO ASSEMBLE, A3 S5

REBELLION, A3 S35, A6 S3(a) RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS, A3 S8(a)

RECORDS CUSTODIAN RIGHT TO WORK, A3 S8

See EWSVQDKAP QH SVAVG TGEQTDS
RIGHTS, DECLARATION OF, A3
RECREATION LANDS AND FACILITIES, A32 S;(a)
RIGHTS OF ACCUSED, A3 S38(a), A3 S3;
RELIGION
D�uet�o�nat�qn bauef qn, A3 S2
RIGHTS OF TAXPAYERS, A3 S25
Gutab＀�uhoent anf htee ezete�ue qh, A3 S5

M�＀�tat{ fwt{, ezeort�qn, A32 S2(a)

RIGHTS OF VICTIMS OF CRIME, A3 S38(b)
Ptqrett{ wuef hqt te＀�i�qwu rwtrqueu, taz ezeort�qn,

A9 S5(a)
RIGHTS, PROPERTY, A3 S2
Pwb＀�e texenwe �n a�f qh, A3 S5

ROADS AND HIGHWAYS, A5 S33(a), A9 S39, A32 S;(b), (e)

RELIGIOUS FREEDOM, A3 S5

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE DEVICES, A9 S6(�),

S
A32 S3;, A32 S2;, A32 S56
SCENIC BEAUTY, A2 S9(a)
RESIDENCE
Eab�net oeobetu, A6 S5(b)
SCHEDULES
Eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu, A8 S3(e)
Dqnfu, A32 S;, A32 S38
G＀eetqtu, A8 S2
Eqnh＀�et�ni rtqx�u�qnu, A32 S39
Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(b)
Eqnuetxat�qn rtqrett{, af xa＀qteo taz ezeort�qn anf taz
Jqoeuteaf, A9 S8(a), A32 S6(a)
auueuuoent, A32 S28
Jwfieu, A5 S5(a), A5 S8
Eqnuq＀�fat�qn anf hqoe tw＀e, A8 S8(e)
Nei�u＀atqtu, A5 S35(e)
Eqnut�twt�qn qh 3885 uwretuefef, A32 S3
N�ewtenant Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(b)
Dafe Eqwnt{, A8 S8(h)
Pwb＀�e fehenfetu, A5 S38
De＀et�qn qh qbuq＀ete �teou, A5 S22(�), A8 S8(i), A32 S33
State attqtne{u, A5 S39
Gfweat�qn, Eqoo�uu�qnet qh, A32 S6, A32 S8(b)
Gth�eu �n iqxetnoent, A2 S8
Swrteoe Eqwtt �wut�eeu, A5 S5(a)

Gzeewt�xe btaneh tehqto, A32 S26(a)

Gz�ut�ni iqxetnoent, rteuetxat�qn, A32 S32
RETIREMENT SYSTEMS (PUBLIC), A2 S8(f), A32 S36 Gaoe anf Hteuh Yatet H�uh Eqoo�uu�qn, abq＀�uhoent,
A32 S25(e), (f)

REVENUE J�utqt�e rtqrett{, af xa＀qteo taz ezeort�qn anf taz

(See also SVAVG HWPDS; VAZAVKQP) auueuuoent, A32 S22

A�f tq ehwteh, ueet, qt te＀�i�qwu fenqo�nat�qn, A3 S5 Jqoeuteaf ezeort�qn, A32 S28, A32 S29, A32 S53,

Dqnf tera{oent, A9 S33(f) A32 S55, A32 S55, A32 S58

Eqwtt heeu, hwnf�ni e＀et�u qh e�tew�t anf eqwnt{ eqwttu, Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn, A5 S32(h)
A5 S36(b) Jwf�e�at{, A5 S32(h), A5 S22, A32 S25
Gtquu teee�rtu taz, arr＀�eat�qn, A32 S;(a) Nawu rteuetxef, A32 S8
N�eenue heeu, H�uh anf Y�＀f＀�he Eqnuetxat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, Nei�u＀at�xe arrqtt�qnoent, A32 S35
A6 S; Nqea＀ iqxetnoentu, A8 S8
N�o�tat�qn qn eq＀＀eet�qn, A9 S3(e), A33 S5, A32 S23 Mat�ne H�uhet�eu Eqoo�uu�qn, abq＀�uhoent, A32 S25(e), (f)
Nqea＀ iqxetnoent awthqt�t{ tq ta�ue texenwe, tefwet�qn b{ Qhh�eetu tq eqnt�nwe �n qhh�ee, A8 S8(e), A32 S5
Nei�u＀atwte, A9 S38(b) Qtf�naneeu, A8 S8(f)
Mqtqt xeh�e＀e hwe＀ tazeu, a＀＀qeat�qn, A9 S39(b), A32 S;(e) Ptqrett{ tazeu, A32 S2, A32 S29
Mqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenue texenweu, A32 S;(f) Pwb＀�e febtu teeqin�zef, A32 S8

38
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

SCHEDULES (Eqnt0) SOUTH FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT,

Pwb＀�e teeqtfu anf oeet�niu, aeeeuu tq, A32 S22 A32 S39
Tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�eeu, tazat�qn, A32 S3;,
A32 S2;, A32 S56 SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY, A32 S35
Teqtian�zat�qn, A32 S38
Terteuentat�xeu, A32 S36 SOVEREIGNTY LANDS, A32 S33
Texenwe ＀�o�tat�qn, A32 S23
T�ihtu teuetxef, A32 S9 SPECIAL DISTRICTS
Senatqtu, A32 S32 Af xa＀qteo tazat�qn, A9 S;, A32 S2, A32 S35
Sq＀at fex�eeu, tazat�qn, A32 S56 Dqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S32(e), A9 S32
Sree�a＀ f�utt�et tazeu, A32 S35 E�x�＀ uetx�ee u{uteo, A5 S36
Swret�ntenfentu qh uehqq＀u, A32 S5, A32 S8(b) Etef�t, r＀efi�ni, A9 S32
Vtanu�t�qn htqo 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn, A32 G＀eet�qnu, A8 S8
Vetetanu f�uab＀ef fwe tq eqobat �n�wt{, hqoeuteaf G＀eett�e ienetat�qn anf ttanuo�uu�qn hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(f)
rtqrett{ taz f�ueqwnt, A32 S52 Knfebtefneuu, eett�h�eateu qh, A9 S32
Y�nf faoaie teu�utanee �ortqxeoentu, tazat�qn, A32 S2; Knxeutoent qh rwb＀�e hwnfu, A9 S32
Yqt��ni watethtqnt rtqrett{, af xa＀qteo taz auueuuoent, Jq�nt qwnetuh�r w�th rt�xate ent�t�eu, A9 S32
A32 S52 Meet�niu, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26(b)
Pq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36
SCHOOL BOARDS, A; S6, A; S5, A32 S;(f) State a�f, A9 S8
Statwu, eqnt�nwat�qn wrqn afqrt�qn qh Eqnut�twt�qn, A8 S8(b)
SCHOOL DISTRICTS Vaz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, A9 S32
Af xa＀qteo tazeu, A9 S8(a), A9 S;, A; S6(b)
Vazeu, A9 S;, A32 S2, A32 S35
Dqnfu, A9 S32
Vaz�ni rqwet, ＀�o�tat�qn, A9 S32
Dqwnfat�eu, A; S6(a)
Vtanuhet qh hwnet�qn qt rqwet, A8 S6
Ear�ta＀ rtq�eetu h�nane�ni, A9 S32, A32 S;(a), (f)
Yaute f�urqua＀ hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36
Etef�t, r＀efi�ni, A9 S32
Yatet hae�＀�t�eu, utate bqnf h�nane�ni, A9 S36
Knfebtefneuu, eett�h�eateu qh, A9 S32

Knxeutoent qh rwb＀�e hwnfu, A9 S32(a), (b)

SPECIAL LAWS
Jq�nt efweat�qna＀ rtqitaou, A; S6(b)
See NAYS
Jq�nt qwnetuh�r w�th rt�xate ent�t�eu, A9 S32

Meet�niu, aeeeuu tq, A3 S26(b)

SPEECH, FREEDOM OF, A3 S6
Mqtqt xeh�e＀e ＀�eenu�ni texenwe, f�utt�bwt�qn, A32 S;(f)

Sehqq＀ bqatfu, A; S6, A; S5, A32 S;(f)

STATE ATTORNEYS, A5 S36(a), (e), A5 S39, A5 S22(e),
State a�f, A9 S8
A32 S25
Swret�ntenfentu qh uehqq＀u, A; S5, A32 S5, A32 S8(b)

Vaz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, A9 S32

Vazeu, A9 S8(a), A9 S;, A; S6(b)

STATE BOUNDARIES, A2 S3
Vaz�ni rqwet, ＀�o�tat�qn, A9 S32

STATE FLAG, A2 S6
SCHOOLS
See GDWEAVKQP STATE FUNDS
(See also TGVGPWG)

A�f tq ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu, A9 S8

SCHOOLS, SUPERINTENDENTS OF, A; S5, A32 S5,

Arrtqrt�at�qnu, See APPTQPTKAVKQPS

A32 S8(b)
Eh�eh h�nane�a＀ qhh�eet, fwt�eu, A6 S6(e)

Knxeutoent, A9 S32(a), (b)

SEAL (STATE), A2 S6 Manfatef ezrenf�twte qh hwnfu b{ ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu,

hwnf�ni b{ Nei�u＀atwte, A9 S38(a)

SEARCH WARRANTS, A3 S32 Mqne{ ftawn htqo tteauwt{, A9 S3(e)

Sehqq＀ hwnf, A; S8

SEARCHES AND SEIZURES, A3 S32 Vtwut hwnfu, See VTWSV HWPDS (PWDNKE)

SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, A2 S2 STATE RETIREMENT SYSTEMS, A2 S8(f), A32 S36

SELF-INCRIMINATION, A3 S; STATE SEAL, A2 S6

SENATE STATE, SECRETARY OF, A32 S26(b)

See NGGKSNAVWTG
STATE TREASURY, A9 S3(e)
SEPARATION OF POWERS, A2 S5
STATE UNIVERSITIES, A9 S35(a), A; S3(a), A; S9,
SHERIFFS, A5 S5(e), A5 S6(e), A8 S3(f) A32 S;(a)

SLOT MACHINES, A32 S25 STATEWIDE PROSECUTOR, A6 S6(b)

SMOKING (TOBACCO), A32 S22, A32 S29 STUDENT LOANS, A9 S35

SOLAR DEVICES, A32 S56 SUBMERGED LANDS, A32 S33

39
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

SUITS AGAINST STATE, A32 S35 SUPREME COURT (Eqnt0)

Tw＀eu

SUPERINTENDENTS OF SCHOOLS, A; S5, A32 S5, Arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu, et�tet�a hqt tefeh�n�ni, A5 S;

A32 S8(b) Arre＀＀ate tex�ew, �ntet＀qewtqt{ qtfetu, A5 S6(b)

Eh�eh e�tew�t eqwtt �wfieu, ue＀eet�qn, A5 S2(f)

SUPERVISORS OF ELECTIONS, A8 S3(f) Eqwtt rtaet�ee anf rtqeefwte, A5 S2(a), A5 S33(f)

Jwfieu, feteto�nat�qn qh neef, A5 S;

SUPREME COURT Jwf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu, et�tet�a hqt tefeh�n�ni, A5 S;

(See also EQWTVS) M�＀�tat{ ＀aw qweut�qnu, afx�uqt{ qr�n�qnu, A5 S2(a)

Afx�uqt{ qr�n�qnu, A6 S3(e), A6 S32, A5 S5(b) Vt�a＀ eqwtt �wfioentu anf qtfetu, tex�ew, A5 S5(b)

Arre＀＀ate f�utt�etu, teeqooenfat�qnu hqt tefeh�n�ni, A5 S; Wn�tef Stateu eqwttu, eett�h�ef qweut�qnu qh ＀aw, A5 S5(b)

Attqtne{u, afo�uu�qn tq rtaet�ee qh ＀aw anf f�ue�r＀�ne, Wn�tef Stateu Swrteoe Eqwtt, A3 S32, A3 S39, A5 S5(b),

A5 S35 A32 S22

Eh�eh �wut�ee Yt�tu, rqwet tq �uuwe, A5 S5(b)

Arrq�ntoent, A5 S2(b)
Auu�inoent qh teorqtat{ �wfieu, A5 S2(b) T
Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn oeobetu,
arrq�ntoent, A33 S2(a)
Koreaehoent tt�a＀u, rteu�f�ni, A5 S39(e) TALLAHASSEE, CITY OF, A2 S2
Texenwe uhqttha＀＀u, bwfiet tefwet�qnu, A6 S35
E＀et�, A5 S5(e) TAX COLLECTORS, A8 S3(f)
Death rena＀t{, tex�ew, A5 S5(b)
Dee�u�qnu, A5 S5(a) TAXATION
D�teet arrea＀, A5 S5(b) Af xa＀qteo tazeu
D�ue�r＀�ne qh �wut�eeu anf �wfieu, A5 S32(a), (e), (e) Ait�ew＀twta＀ ＀anf, A9 S6(a)
D�utt�et eqwtt qh arrea＀ fee�u�qnu, tex�ew, A5 S5(b) Aqw�het teehatie ＀anfu, A9 S6(a)
H�na＀ �wfioentu anf qtfetu, tex�ew, A5 S5(b) Auueuuoent qh rtqrett{, A9 S6, A9 S8, A9 S35, A32 S29
Gqxetnqt Dqnfu ra{ab＀e htqo, A9 S32
Afx�uqt{ qr�n�qnu, A6 S3(e) Dwu�neuueu, new qt ezranf�ni, A9 S5(e)
Knearae�t{ feteto�nat�qn, A6 S5(b) Eqnuetxat�qn rtqrett{, A9 S5(h), A9 S6(b), A32 S28
Jabeau eqtrwu, wt�t qh, A5 S5(b) Eqwnt�eu, A9 S;, A8 S3(h), A32 S2
Kn�t�at�xe ret�t�qnu, tex�ew, A6 S32, A5 S5(b) Gfweat�qna＀, ＀�tetat{, ue�ent�h�e, te＀�i�qwu, qt ehat�tab＀e/wue
Jwfieu rtqrett{, A9 S5(a)
Eett�h�eateu qh neef, A5 S; Gzeort�qnu, A9 S5, A9 S6(e), A9 S8, A32 S29, A32 S28,
D�ue�r＀�ne, A5 S32(e) A32 S56
Veorqtat{ auu�inoent tq Swrteoe Eqwtt, A5 S5(a) J�utqt�e rtqrett�eu, A9 S5(f), A32 S22
Jwf�e�a＀ e�tew�tu, teeqooenfat�qnu hqt tefeh�n�ni, A5 S; Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{, See JQMGSVGAD PTQPGTVY
Jwf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qn, A6 S6(b), A5 S33(f) K＀＀eia＀ auueuuoentu, te＀�eh htqo, A9 S35
Jwf�e�a＀ rqwet xeutef �n, A5 S3 Kntani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{, A9 S2, A9 S;(a)
Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn, rqwetu anf fwt�eu, Neaueu, rwb＀�e＀{ h�naneef hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(e)
A5 S32 N�xeutqe�, A9 S6(e)
Jwt�uf�et�qn, A5 S5(b), A5 S22(e) Nqea＀ iqxetnoentu, A9 S;
Jwut�eeu M�＀＀aie, A9 S2, A9 S;(b), A32 S2
(See also JWDGGS) Mqttiaieu, qb＀�iat�qnu ueewtef b{, A9 S2
Eh�eh Jwut�ee, See uwbt�t＀e Eh�eh �wut�ee, th�u heaf�ni Mwn�e�ra＀ rtqrett�eu, A9 S5(a)
Deh�n�t�qn, A5 S22(e), A32 S32 Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu, A9 S;, A32 S2
D�ue�r＀�ne, A5 S32(a), (e), (e) Ptqrett{ arrta�uetu, A8 S3(f)
G＀eet�qn, A5 S32(a) Ptqrett{ w�th�n own�e�ra＀�t�eu, beneh�t hqt eqwnt{
Koreaehoent, A5 S39(a) wn�neqtrqtatef ateau, A8 S3(h)

Jwfieu, teorqtat{ auu�inoent, A5 S5(a) Tateu, A9 S2, A9 S;(b), A32 S2

Pwobet, A5 S5(a) Tea＀ rtqrett{

Swqtwo, A5 S5(a) Ehanie qh auueuuoentu, A9 S6(i), (h), A32 S29

Teewua＀, A5 S5(a) Gzeort�qnu, A9 S5, A9 S8
Teu�fene{ teqw�teoent, A5 S5(a) Nqea＀ tazeu, A9 S;
Tetent�qn, A5 S32(a) Tate, A9 S2, A9 S;(b), A32 S2
Tet�tef, teorqtat{ fwt{, A5 S2(b) State taz, A9 S3(a)
Veorqtat{ fwt{ w�th qthet eqwttu, A5 S2(b) Va＀wat�qn, A9 S6
Veto qh qhh�ee, A5 S32(a) Teeteat�qna＀ ＀anfu, A9 S6(a)

Vaeane{ �n qhh�ee, A5 S32(a) Tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�eeu, A9 S6(�), A32 S3;,

Nei�u＀at�xe arrqtt�qnoent A32 S2;, A32 S56

Arrqtt�qnoent qtfetu, A5 S38(b), (h) Tentetu, taz te＀�eh, A9 S8(e)
Dee＀atatqt{ �wfioentu qh xa＀�f�t{, A5 S38(e), (f), (e), (h) Teu�fent�a＀ rtqrett{ eqnta�n�ni n�ne wn�tu qt hewet,
Nqeat�qn, A2 S2 A9 S6(i), A32 S29

Manfaowu, wt�t qh, A5 S5(b) Sehqq＀ rwtrqueu, A9 S8(a), A9 S;, A; S6(b)

Matuha＀, A5 S5(e) Sq＀at fex�eeu, A32 S56

Qtian�zat�qn, A5 S5(a) Sree�a＀ f�utt�etu, A9 S;, A32 S2, A32 S35

Ptqeeuu, A5 S5(e) State, A9 S3(a)

Ptqh�b�t�qn, wt�t qh, A5 S5(b) Stqe�/�n/ttafe, A9 S6(e)

Swq wattantq, wt�t qh, A5 S5(b) Vani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{

Swqtwo, A5 S5(a) Gzeort�qnu, A9 S3(b), A9 S5(e), (e), A9 S6(e), A32 S29

Teiw＀atqt{ aiene{ aet�qnu, tex�ew, A5 S5(b) Nqea＀ tazeu, A9 S;

38
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

TAXATION (Eqnt0) TAXATION (Eqnt0)

Af xa＀qteo tazeu (Eqnt0) Pat�/owtwe＀ taz, A9 S9
Vani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{ (Eqnt0)
Ta�u�ni uwhh�e�ent texenwe, A9 S3(f)
Tate, A9 S2, A9 S;(b), A32 S2
Tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�eeu, A9 S6(�), A32 S3;,
State taz, A9 S3(a)
A32 S2;, A32 S56

Va＀wat�qn, A9 S6(e)
Tentetu, taz te＀�eh, A9 S8(e)

Vaz ant�e�rat�qn eett�h�eateu, A9 S32

Texenwe, ieneta＀＀{, See TGVGPWG

Va＀wat�qn qh rtqrett{, A9 S6
Sehqq＀ f�utt�etu, A9 S8(a), A9 S;, A; S6(b)

Vqtet awthqt�zat�qn, A9 S;(b)

Seeqnf iau taz, A32 S;(e)

Yatet oanaieoent rwtrqueu, A9 S;(b)

S＀qt oaeh�ne texenweu, A32 S25(b)

Y�nf faoaie teu�utanee �ortqxeoentu, A9 S6(�),

Sq＀at fex�eeu, A32 S56

A32 S2; Sree�a＀ f�utt�etu, A9 S;, A32 S2, A32 S35

Yqt��ni watethtqnt rtqrett�eu, A9 S6(�), A32 S52

Sree�a＀ ＀awu, A5 S33(a)

A�tr＀aneu, A9 S3(b)
State/rteeortef tazeu, A9 S3(a)

Dqatu, A9 S3(b)
Vaz eq＀＀eetqt, A8 S3(f)

Eqnuetxat�qn rtqrett{, A9 S5(h), A9 S6(b), A32 S28

Vaz ＀�enu, hqoeuteaf rtqrett{, A32 S6(a)

Eqnuq＀�fat�qn qh ＀qea＀ iqxetnoentu, A8 S5

Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, A2 S5(a),

Eqtrqtat�qn �neqoe taz, A9 S5(b)

A33 S5(a), A33 S8

Eqwnt�eu, A9 S;, A8 S3(h), A32 S2

Vazeu wnfet 3885 Eqnut�twt�qn, A32 S9(a)

Dqewoent eze�ue taz rtqeeefu, wue hqt eqnuetxat�qn

Vazra{etu' D�＀＀ qh T�ihtu, A3 S25

rwtrqueu, A32 S28

Gutate taz, A9 S5(a)

TAXATION AND BUDGET REFORM COMMISSION,
Gzeort�qnu
A2 S5(a), A33 S5(a), A33 S8
Af xa＀qteo tazeu, A9 S5, A9 S6(e), A9 S8, A32 S29,
A32 S28, A32 S56
TERM LIMITS, A8 S6(b)
D＀�nf retuqnu, A9 S5(b)
Eqoown�t{ anf eeqnqo�e fexe＀qroent, new qt
ezranfef bwu�neuueu, A9 S5(e) TERMS OF OFFICE
Eqnuetxat�qn rtqrett{, A9 S5(h), A32 S28 Eab�net oeobetu, A6 S5(a), A8 S6(b)

D�uab＀ef retuqnu, A9 S5(b), A9 S8(e) Eqwnt{ eqoo�uu�qnetu, A8 S3(e)

G＀fet＀{ retuqnu, A9 S6(h), A9 S8(f), (e), A32 S28, Eqwnt{ qhh�eetu, A8 S3(f)

A32 S58 Gfweat�qn bqatfu, arrq�nt�xe, A; S5

Jeafu qh hao�＀{, A9 S5(b) H�uh anf Y�＀f＀�he Eqnuetxat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A6 S;

J�utqt�e rtqrett�eu, A9 S5(f) Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(a), (b)

Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{, See JQMGSVGAD PTQPGTVY Jqwue qh Terteuentat�xeu, A5 S35(b), A8 S6(b), A32 S36

uwbt�t＀e Gzeort�qnu uwb/uwbt�t＀e Vazat�qn Jwfieu, A5 S32, A5 S33(a), (b)

Jqwuehq＀f iqqfu anf retuqna＀ ehheetu, A9 S5(b) Jwf�e�a＀ nqo�nat�ni eqoo�uu�qnu, A5 S22(e)

M�＀�tat{ retuqnne＀ fer＀q{ef �n uwrrqtt qh o�＀�tat{ Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn, A5 S32(a), (h)

qretat�qnu, A9 S5(i), A32 S53 N�ewtenant Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(a), A8 S6(b)

Mwn�e�ra＀ rtqrett{, A9 S5(a) N�o�tat�qn qh teto, A5 S35, A6 S5(b), A8 S6(b)

Sq＀at fex�eeu qt tenewab＀e eneti{ uqwtee fex�eeu, Patq＀e anf Ptqbat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A6 S8(e)

A32 S56 Pwb＀�e fehenfetu, A5 S38

Vani�b＀e retuqna＀ rtqrett{, A9 S3(b), A9 S5(e), (e), Sehqq＀ bqatfu, A; S6(a)

A9 S6(e), A32 S29 Senate, A5 S35(a), A8 S6(b), A32 S32

Vetetanu, A9 S8(e) State attqtne{u, A5 S39

Y�fqwu anf w�fqwetu, A9 S5(b), A9 S8(h), A32 S55 Swret�ntenfentu qh uehqq＀u, A; S5

Gau taz, A32 S;(e)

W0S0 Senatqtu anf terteuentat�xeu, A8 S6(b)

Geneta＀＀{, A9

Gtquu teee�rtu taz, wt�＀�t{ uetx�eeu, A32 S;(a)

TOBACCO, A32 S22, A32 S29
J�utqt�e rtqrett�eu, A9 S5(f), A9 S6(e), A32 S22

Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{, See JQMGSVGAD PTQPGTVY

TRAFFIC HEARING OFFICERS, A5 S3
K＀＀eia＀ tazeu, te＀�eh htqo, A9 S35

Kneqoe taz, A9 S5
TRANSPORTATION RIGHTS-OF-WAY, A9 S39, A32 S3;
Knhet�tanee taz, A9 S5(a)

Neaueu, rwb＀�e＀{ h�naneef hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S32(e)

TREASON, A3 S22, A6 S8(b)
N�eenue taz, A9 S3(b)

N�o�tat�qnu

Eqnuq＀�fat�qn qh eqwnt{ anf own�e�ra＀�t�eu, ehheet, A8 S5 TRIAL BY JURY, A3 S38(a), A3 S22

P＀efi�ni etef�t qh utate qt rq＀�t�ea＀ uwbf�x�u�qnu, A9 S32
Texenwe eq＀＀eet�qn ＀�o�tat�qnu, A9 S3(e), A33 S5, TRIALS
A32 S23 Arrea＀u, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(b)

Wn�neqtrqtatef ateau, A8 S3(h)

Et�o�na＀, A3 S38(a)

Nqea＀ tazeu, A9 S;
Gx�fenee, See GVKDGPEG

Mqb�＀e hqoeu, A9 S3(b)

Jwt{, A3 S38(a), A3 S22, A5 S33(a)

Mqtqt xeh�e＀eu
Jwxen�＀e rtqeeef�niu, A3 S35(b)

Af xa＀qteo tazeu, A9 S3(b)

Ptett�a＀ te＀eaue anf fetent�qn, A3 S36

Hwe＀ tazeu, A9 S39(b), A32 S;(e)

S�te feu�inat�qn, A5 S9

N�eenue taz, A9 S3(b)

Mwn�e�ra＀�t�eu, A9 S;, A32 S2

TRUST FUNDS (PUBLIC)
Patwta＀ retuqnu, A9 S5(a)
Dwfiet utab�＀�zat�qn hwnf, A5 S3;(i), A9 S3(e)

Pew State tazeu �orquef b{ eqnut�twt�qna＀ aoenfoent,

Gfweat�qn ＀qttet{ hwnfu, A32 S35

arrtqxa＀ b{ twq/th�tfu xqte qh xqtetu, A33 S9 Gxeti＀afeu, A32 S39

3;
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

TRUST FUNDS (PUBLIC) (Eqnt0) VETERANS AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF, A6 S33

Geneta＀ texenwe hwnf, A5 S3;(h), (i), A5 S22(e), A32 S28(e)
Knut�twt�qnu qh h�ihet ＀eatn�ni anf �wn�qt eq＀＀eie ear�ta＀ VETO, A5 S8, A5 S;, A5 S3;(b)
qwt＀a{, A32 S;(a)
Kntetna＀ �ortqxeoent, A6 S6(h) VICTIMS OF CRIME, RIGHTS OF, A3 S38(b)
Knxeutoent, A9 S32(a)
Nanf aeqw�u�t�qn, A6 S6(h), A32 S28, A32 S;(a) VOCATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOLS, A9 S35(a), A32 S;(a)
Nei�u＀at�xe arrtqxa＀, A5 S3;(h)
Pwb＀�e efweat�qn ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ anf febt uetx�ee, A32 S;(a) VOTE
Sehqq＀ f�utt�et anf eqoown�t{ eq＀＀eie f�utt�et ear�ta＀ qwt＀a{ Eab�net oeobetu, t�e xqte, A6 S6(a)

anf febt uetx�ee, A32 S;(f)

G＀eetqtu, A32 S32(f)

State tqafu f�utt�bwt�qn hwnf, A32 S;(e)

Nei�u＀at�xe hqwue qt iqxetnoenta＀ bqf�eu, A32 S32(e)

State uehqq＀ hwnf, A; S8

Swnuet rtqx�u�qnu, A5 S3;(h)

VOTING
G＀eet�qnu, See GNGEVKQPS

TURNPIKE AUTHORITY, A32 S;(b) Nei�u＀atwte, A5 S6(e), A5 S9, A5 S8(e), A32 S32(e)

U W
UNITED STATES WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES, A9 S36
Eenuwu, A32 S8

Eqniteuu�qna＀ oeobetu htqo H＀qt�fa, teto ＀�o�tat�qnu,

WATER POLLUTION
A8 S6(b)

Gxeti＀afeu, A2 S9(b), A32 S39(a), (e)

Eqniteuu�qna＀ tef�utt�et�ni iw�fe＀�neu, A5 S22

H�uh anf Y�＀f＀�he Eqnuetxat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn awthqt�t{, A6 S;

Eqnut�twt�qn

State bqnf h�nane�ni, rq＀＀wt�qn eqnttq＀ hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36

Aoenfoent, A32 S3

State rq＀�e{, A2 S9(a)

Arrqtt�qnoent qh Nei�u＀atwte, A5 S38(a)

Eqwtt �ntetrtetat�qn, tex�ew, A5 S5(b)

Hqwtth aoenfoent ueateh anf ue�zwte t�ihtu, eqnhqto�t{

WATER RESOURCES
w�th, A3 S32 Dqnf h�nane�ni qh fexe＀qroent, A9 S33(e)

Qath tq fehenf, A2 S5(b), A8 S5 Dqewoentu eze�ue taz rtqeeefu, wue hqt rtqteet�qn,

Eqwttu qh Arrea＀u, A5 S2(a), A5 S5(b) A32 S28(b)

Gutate taz, A9 S5(a) State bqnf h�nane�ni, watet hae�＀�t�eu, A9 S36

Kneqoe taz, A9 S5, A9 S32(e)

M�＀�tat{ retuqnne＀ fer＀q{ef �n uwrrqtt qh o�＀�tat{ qretat�qn, WIDOWS AND WIDOWERS
hqoeuteaf ezeort�qn, A9 S5(i), A32 S53
Jqoeuteaf rtqrett{, A32 S6(b), (e)

Pat�qna＀ Gwatf, A9 S5(i), A32 S2(f), A32 S53

Vaz ezeort�qn, A9 S5(b), A9 S8(h), A32 S55

Qb＀�iat�qnu, �nxeutoent qh rwb＀�e hwnfu �n, A9 S32(b)

Qhh�eetu, hq＀f�ni utate qhh�ee, A2 S5(a)

WILDLIFE
Senatqtu htqo H＀qt�fa, teto ＀�o�tat�qnu, A8 S6(b)
Dqewoent eze�ue taz rtqeeefu, wue hqt hab�tat rtqteet�qn,
Swrteoe Eqwtt, A3 S32, A3 S39, A5 S5(b)
A32 S28(b)

H�uh, See HKSJKPG

UNIVERSITIES, A9 S35(a), A; S3(a), A; S9, A32 S;(a) H�uh anf Y�＀f＀�he Eqnuetxat�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A6 S;,

A32 S25

Gaoe anf Hteuh Yatet H�uh Eqoo�uu�qn, A32 S25

V
WITNESSES
VACANCY IN OFFICE Eqorw＀uqt{ rtqeeuu, A3 S38(a)

E�tewoutaneeu eqnut�twt�ni xaeane{, A32 S5

Eqnhtqntat�qn b{ aeewuef, A3 S38(a)

Eqnut�twt�qn Tex�u�qn Eqoo�uu�qn, A33 S2(b)

Et�o�na＀ tt�a＀u, A3 S;, A3 S38(a)

Eqwnt{ qhh�eeu, A6 S3(h)

Nei�u＀atwte, A5 S6(e), A5 S5

G＀eet�qn tq h�＀＀ xaeane{, A8 S5

Se＀h/�net�o�nat�qn, A3 S;

Gneo{ attae� eoetiene{, A2 S8

Vteauqn, A3 S22

Gqxetnqt, A6 S5(a)
Wnteauqnab＀e fetent�qn, A3 S39

Koreaehoent, A5 S39(b)

Jwfieu, A5 S32(a), A5 S33

WOMEN
Jwf�e�a＀ Swa＀�h�eat�qnu Eqoo�uu�qn, A5 S32(a), (h)
Dau�e t�ihtu, A3 S2
Nei�u＀atqtu, A5 S35(f)

State qhh�eeu, A6 S3(h)

WORK, RIGHT TO, A3 S8
Swurenfef qhh�eetu, A6 S9

Vazat�qn anf Dwfiet Tehqto Eqoo�uu�qn, A33 S8(b)

WORKFORCE INNOVATION, AGENCY FOR, A32 S26(e), (h)

VENUE, A3 S38(a), A5 S33(a) WORKPLACE SMOKING, A32 S22

VETERANS WRITS
Eqobat/te＀atef f�uab�＀�t�eu, hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ taz
Eett�qtat�, A5 S6(b), A5 S5(b)

f�ueqwnt, A9 S8(e), A32 S52

E�tew�t eqwtt, A5 S5(b)

Swtx�x�ni urqwueu qh xetetanu f{�ni htqo D�utt�et eqwttu qh arrea＀, A5 S6(b)

uetx�ee/eqnneetef eawueu wh�＀e qn aet�xe fwt{, Jabeau eqtrwu, See JADGAS EQTPWS

hqoeuteaf rtqrett{ taz ezeort�qn, A9 S8(h), A32 S55 Manfaowu, A5 S5(b), A5 S6(b), A5 S5(b)

22
Index CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA Index

WRITS (Cont.) WRITS (Cont.)

Prohibition, A5 S3(b), A5 S4(b), A5 S5(b) Supreme Court, A5 S3(b)
Quo warranto, A5 S3(b), A5 S4(b), A5 S5(b)

21
 Compiled by:

Division of Laws Revision and Information

The Florida Legislature

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(850) 488-8403

Published by:

Florida Department of State

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