Cairo University Dr.

Hamed Hadhoud

Design of Isolated Footings

Prepared by
Associate Professor Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

1
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Pu

Given a
• Column ultimate load (Pu)
• Column dimensions (a & b)
• Soil gross bearing capacity (qall)gross)
or Soil net bearing capacity (qall)net) A t
t1
Required A1
• Dimensions of plain and RC footings
• Reinforcement of RC footing

a
b B B1

A1

2
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

1- Plain concrete footing

Pu
Pu
Pw  Effect of soil weight
1.5 above footing a
1.1 Pw Pw
A1 B1  OR A1 B1  1
qall ) gross qall ) net x
A
A1  B1  a  b 2
t
t1

From (1) and (2) get A1 and B1 A1

x
t1= 300 ~ 500 mm

x =(0.8 ~ 1) t1 x a x
b B B1
P
qn  w
A1 B1 A
x2 6M
M  qn  ft 
x
2 1000 t12 A1
f ctr 0.6 f cu
check ft   N / mm 2 3
 1.6
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

2- Reinforced concrete footing

Pu
A  A1  2 x B  B1  2 x
Assume t  500 mm  check punching, shear, flexure a
Critical
d  t  50 mm section
Punching (Two-way shear)
P t
pn  u t1
AB
punchingarea  bo d  2a  d  b  d d x
x
x
punching load  Qup  Pu  pn a  d b  d  a+d
a

b+d
d/2 B B1
Qup Qup b
qup    qcup d/2
Ap bo d
0.8  d  0.2  cu
f
N / mm 2
a is the
x
smaller  bo  c

 
A
qcup  least of f cu
0.316 0.5  a 2 A1
b  c N / mm
Eq. 4-32 & 4-33 4 (interior column)
0.316
f cu
N / mm 2  3 (exterior column) 4
c 2 (corner column)
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Pu
Direct shear (one-way shear)
a
 Aa d 
Qu1  pn   B
 2 2
Q f t
qu1  u1  0.16 cu N / mm 2 Eq. 4-30
Bd c t1

 B b d 
Qu 2  pn   A 1 x
 2 2 2 2
a d/2
Qu 2 f cu d/2 b B B1
qu 2   0.16 N / mm 2
Ad c (A-a)/2

If not increase d 1 x

A
Critical A1
sections

5
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Pu
Flexure
2 a
 Aa
pn  
M u )11  
2   n p  A  a 2

2 8
2 t
 B b
pn  
 
t1

2
M u ) 2 2  
2  p B b
 n
2 8 1
d11  t  50 mm & b  1000 mm (A-a)/2
a
B B1
d22  t  70 mm & b  1000 mm 2
b
2
(B-b)/2
M1-1 M2-2 1

As(1-1) As(2-2) A
A1
0.15
AS ) min  (1000 d ) mm 2 Critical
100 sections
min  12 mm & Smax  200 mm 6
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Bar development length requirements

Aa
if  60  Use U-shaped bars a
2
Else Use staggered L- (A-a)/2
shaped bars
OR U-shaped bars
B b Ld
if  60  Use U-shaped bars
2 Bending
Else Use staggered L- Moment
shaped bars
OR U-shaped bars

7
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Example
Given DATA fy=360 N/mm2
Pu= 1950 kN fcu (Reinforced Concrete)=25 N/mm2
Column section: 300 x700 mm fcu (Plain Concrete)=20 N/mm2
Soil bearing capacity= 100 kN/m2

Solution
1- Plain concrete footing
1950
Pw   1300 kN
1.5
1.11300
A1 B1  14.3 m2 1
100
A1  B1  0.7  0.3  0.4 m 2

Substituting (2) in (1)

( B1  0.4) ( B1 ) 14 .3
B12  0.4 B1  14 .3  0.0
B1  3.58 m  3.6 m & A1  3.98 m  4.0 m 8
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Assume t1= 400 mm and x=400 mm

1300
qn   90.3 kN / m2
4  3.6 2
0.4
M  90.3   7.22 kN.m
2 5
6  7.22 10
ft   0.27 N / mm 2

1000  400 2
f ctr 0.6 20 f ctr
 1.67 N / mm 2
ft  (safe)
 1.6 
2- Reinforced concrete footing
A  4  2  0.4  3.2 m
B  3.6  2  0.4  2.8 m
Assume t  500 mm  d  500  50  450 mm
Punching (Two-way shear)
1950
pn   217 .6 kN / m2 9
3.2  2.8
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

punching perimeter  bo  20.7  0.45  0.3  0.45 3.8 m

punchingarea  bo d  3.8  0.45  1.71 m2
punching load  Qup  1950  217 .6(0.7  .45)(0.3  .45)  1762 .32 kN
Qup 1762 .32
qup    1030 .6 kN / m2  1.03 N / mm 2
bo d 1.71
 d  f cu  4  0.45  25

qcup)1  0.8 
 0.2   0.8  0.2   2.2 N / mm 2
 bo  c  3.8  1.5
 a f  0.3  25
qcup) 2  0.316  0.5   cu  0.316  0.5    1.19 N / mm 2
 b  c  0.7  1.5
f cu 25
qcup)3  0.316  0.316 1.29 N / mm 2
c 1.5

 qcup 1.19 N / mm 2
qup  qcup (safe)
10
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Direct shear (one-way shear)

 Aa d   3.2  0.7 0.45 

Qu1  pn    B  217 .6    2.8  624 .5 kN
 2 2  2 2 
Q 624 .5
qu1  u1   495 .6 kN / m2  0.49 N / mm 2
Bd 2.8  0.45
 B b d   2.8  0.3 0.45 
Qu 2  pn    A  217 .6    3.2  713 .73 kN
 2 2  2 2 
Qu 2 713 .73
qu 2    495 .6 kN / m2  0.49 N / mm 2
Ad 3.2  0.45
f cu 25
qcu  0.16  0.16  0.65 N / mm 2
c 1.5

qu1 & qu 2  qcu safe

11
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Flexure
p A  a 217 .63.2  0.7 
2 2
M11  n   170 kN.m / m
8 8
pn B  b  217 .62.8  0.3
2 2
M 2 2    170 kN.m / m
8 8
d  500  50  450 mm

Mu 170 10 6
R   0.034  w  0.044
f cu b d 2
25 1000  450 2

f cu 25
As  wbd  0.044 1000  430   1313 .9 mm 2 / m
fy 360
use 716 / m (1400 mm 2 )
0.15
As ,min  1000  450  675 mm 2 / m As  As ,min  OK
100
12
Cairo University Dr. Hamed Hadhoud

Check of Bar development length

Ld  60   960 mm
A  a 3.2  0.7
  1.25 m  Ld  OK
2 2
B  b 2.8  0.3
  1.25 m  Ld  OK
2 2
716 / m
110
716 / m

716 / m

716 / m

13