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Introduction to Distributed Systems

This document provides an introduction to distributed systems. It defines distributed systems as computers that are connected by a network and may be spatially separated. Key characteristics of distributed systems include concurrency of programs running on different computers, a lack of a global clock, and independent failures. The motivation for distributed systems is resource sharing across connected computers. The document uses the example of the World Wide Web as a distributed system and discusses how distributed systems address challenges like coordination of concurrent programs and synchronization in the absence of a global clock.

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93 views2 pages

Introduction to Distributed Systems

This document provides an introduction to distributed systems. It defines distributed systems as computers that are connected by a network and may be spatially separated. Key characteristics of distributed systems include concurrency of programs running on different computers, a lack of a global clock, and independent failures. The motivation for distributed systems is resource sharing across connected computers. The document uses the example of the World Wide Web as a distributed system and discusses how distributed systems address challenges like coordination of concurrent programs and synchronization in the absence of a global clock.

Uploaded by

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CS6601 Distributed Systems Unit I Introduction

SNS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING


Kurumbapalayam (Post), Coimbatore – 641 107
Accredited by NAAC-UGC with ‘A’ Grade
Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY


SIXTH SEMESTER

CS6601 Distributed Systems


Regulation 2013

Unit I Introduction
Introduction – Examples of Distributed Systems–Trends in Distributed Systems – Focus on
resource sharing – Challenges. Case study: World Wide Web.

Introduction
Computers that are connected by a network may be spatially separated by any distance. They
may be on separate continents, in the same building or in the same room.
Our definition of distributed systems has the following significant consequences:
Concurrency
 In a network of computers, concurrent program execution is the norm.

1 Ms.A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology


CS6601 Distributed Systems Unit I Introduction

 I can do my work on my computer while you do your work on yours, sharing resources
such as web pages or files when necessary.
 The capacity of the system to handle shared resources can be increased by adding more
resources to the network.
 The coordination of concurrently executing programs that share resources is also an
important for this
No global clock
 When programs need to cooperate they coordinate their actions by exchanging messages.
 Close coordination often depends on a shared idea of the time at which the programs’
actions occur.
 But it turns out that there are limits to the accuracy with which the computers in a
network can synchronize their clocks – there is no single global notion of the correct
time.
 This is a direct consequence of the fact that the only communication is by sending
messages through a network.
Independent failures:
 All computer systems can fail, and it is the responsibility of system designers to plan for
the consequences of possible failures.
 Distributed systems can fail in new ways. Faults in the network result in the isolation of
the computers that are connected to it, but that doesn’t mean that they stop running.
The prime motivation for constructing and using distributed systems stems from a desire to share
resources.

2 Ms.A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology

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