Air Quality Control 2.
Bag filter
-To filter air , approximately a pure air . - is used for collection of dry free flowing dust
-To reduce air pollution - When this air travels across the filter media,
the dust is retained on the filter element and
the clean air passes through. -The bags are
Eleventh Congress periodically cleaned by Reverse Pulse jet type
method.
Republic Act No. 8749 -it uses fabric to collect particles .
June 23, 1999 3. Scrubber
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A - used to remove some particulates and/or
COMPREHENSIVE AIR POLLUTION gases from industrial exhaust streams.
CONTROL POLICY AND FOR OTHER -water plus gravity to collect particles .
PURPOSES.
4. Electrostatic precipitator (ESP)
- removes fine particles, like dust and smoke,
a. Treatment Emissions
from a flowing gas
-using the force of an induced electrostatic
charge minimally impeding the flow of gases
through the unit.
2. Control of Gaseous Pollutants
- The techniques and devices used to control a
where R1 = recovery percent , % (Approximate
gaseous pollutant depend on the properties
lang )
of the specific gas to be controlled.
x1 = amount of pollutant collected by the
-this is a separated chamber.
treatment device per unit time, kg/s
x0 = amount of pollutant entering the
Gas Adsorption
device, per unit time, kg/s
- gases react with a solid adsorbent
Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR) is the one who
-which takes place when the molecules or
implements and enact the law .
atoms adsorbed are concentrated only at the
interface of the solid.
1. Control of Particulates
[Link]
- is a widely used type of particulate collection - is based on the principle of passing effluent
device gas through solid adsorbers, contained in an
-which dust-laden gas enters tangentially into a
cylindrical or conical chamber and leaves adsorption collecting device.
through a central opening.
- the best for big particles Combustion
-also for high density particles .
- it uses friction plus wind to collect particles .
-converting organic compounds to innocuous
carbon dioxide and water by combustion.
3. Control of Sulfur Oxides -Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and
-source of Sulfur oxides is coal-fired power hydrocarbons are released when fuel is
plants burned in an internal combustion engine and
when air/fuel residuals are emitted through
METHODS TO REMOVE (Sulfur Oxides) the vehicle tailpipe.
Wet scrubbing using a slurry of
alkaline sorbent, usually limestone or lime, or
seawater to scrub gases;
Spray-dry scrubbing using similar sorbent
slurries;
Wet sulfuric acid process recovering sulfur in
the form of commercial quality sulfuric acid;
SNOX Flue gas desulphurisation removes
sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and
particulates from flue gases;
Dry sorbent injection systems that introduce
powdered hydrated lime (or other sorbent
material) into exhaust ducts to eliminate SO2
and SO3 from process emissions.
b. Dispersion of Air Pollutants
Air pollution dispersion
- distribution of air pollution into the atmosphere
-releasing particulates, biological molecules, or
other harmful materials into Earth's
atmosphere to earth atmosphere .
-may came from anthropogenic or natural
sources
- refers to what happens to the pollution during
and after its introduction; understanding this
may help in identifying and controlling it
c. Control of Moving Sources
-Mobile source air pollution includes any air
pollution emitted by anything that can move
from one location to another .
Example : motor
vehicles, airplanes, locomotives, and
other engines . . Noise Pollution.
METHODS :
evaporation of hydrocarbons (HC) from the fuel - amount of noise or an unpleasant sound
tank PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1152
• evaporation of HC from the carburetor PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL CODE
• emissions of unburned gasoline and partially Chapter I
oxidized HC from the crankcase Standards
• the NOx , HC, and CO from the exhaust.
a. Sound
- Pure sound is described by pressure
waves traveling through a medium.
- described by their amplitude and their
frequency
Sound wave - can be described by
sinosoidal waves
sound frequency- number of these cycles
per unit time
often expressed as cycles per second, or
Hertz (Hz).
15 Hz to about 20,000 Hz healthy to
human ears
Low-frequency sound is deep
highfrequency sound is high pitched.
sound source creates vibrations in the
surrounding medium
1st effort towards measurement of the
speed of sound was made by Isaac
Newton.
b. Measurement of Sound
-Sound is measured with an instrument that
converts the energy in the pressure
waves to an electrical signal
c. Effect of Noise on Human Health
d. Noise Abatement
e. Noise Control
1. Protect the Recipient
2. Reduce Source Noise
3. Control Path of Noise
