1.

INPUT DATA
1.1 GENERAL

"Trench" of "Seabed" position Pos := "Seabed"

Location Class (1 or 2)
LC := 1
Note: Location Class Definition :
1 The area where no frequent human activity is anticipated along the pipeline route
2 Pipeline section including Riser & Tie-in spool close to platform taken up to a distance
of 12.2m from the riser bottom flange

Presence of piggy-back line "Yes" or "No" piggy := "No"

Trenched cover depth to top of pip eline Htrench_cover := 2m

Water depth h := 14m

Percentage of corrosion allowance in operation
ca% := 0%
(In this Case, No Corrosion)
-3
Steel density ρst := 7850 kg m
-3
Seawater density ρw := 1030 kg m
kg
Marine growth density ρmg := 0
3
m
1.2 PIPE DATA

Pipe Joint JL := 12.2m

Outside diameter Do := 1219.2mm

Pipeline wall thickness wt := 24.38mm
Corrosion allowance t ca := 0  mm
(No Corrosion Allowance During Installation)
Internal cladding thickness t clad := 0mm
(In this case No cladding)
Anti-corrosion coating thickness (assumption) t cc := 0.4 mm

Insulation coating thickness (assumption) t ins := 12.7 mm

Concrete coating thickness (Increase this untill Stable) t conc := Tcon

Marine growth thickness t mg := 0mm if Cond = "Operation" t mg = 0

(Installation phase equal to 0 mm
0mm if Cond = "Installation"
for marine growth)
Slope angle of trench Only applicable with Trench θt := 11.31°

-3
Contents minimum density ρcmin := 0kg m
-3
Contents maximum density ρcmax := 0kg m

Internal cladding density -3

ρclad := 0kg m
(In This case, No Cladding)
-3
Corrosion coating density ρcc := 900 kg m

Insulation coating density -3

ρins := 800 kg m

-3
Concrete coating density ρconc := 3044 kg m

-3
Field Joint coating density ρfjc := 1100 kg m

Corrosion Coating Cutback xcoat := 200mm

Concrete Coating Cutback xcc := 0.5 2 t conc + xcoat xcc = 290 mm

Water Absorbtion Absn := 30%

1.3 SEABED AND SOIL DATA

Select seabed type Type := 1

Note : Seabed Roughness from Section 3.4.2 DNV F109 2010, Table 3-1

Table 3-1 Seabed roughness

Type Seabed Grain size d50 Roughness z0
[mm] [m]
1 Silt and Clay 0,0081 5,E-06
2 Fine sand 0,25 1,E-05
3 Medium sand 0,5 4,E-05
4 Coarse sand 1 1,E-04
5 Gravel 4 3,E-04
6 Pebble 25 2,E-03
7 Cobble 125 1,E-02
-6
8 Boulder 500 4,E-02 z0 = 5  10
Type

Soil data "Sand" or "Clay" Soil := "Clay"

-3
Submerged unit soil weight for Sand γ's := 8500N m
(8,500 Loose to 13,500 Dense, Table 7-1 DNV RP-F105 2006)
-3
Submerged unit soil weight for Clay γ'c := 3845.52  N m
 γsoil := γ's if Soil = "Sand" γsoil
Submerged weight of soil -3
= 392 kg m
γ'c if Soil = "Clay" g

Clay Shear Strength Su := 1.2 kPa

Angle of internal friction of sand ϕs := 0  deg

μ := 0.42 if Soil = "Clay"

Soil friction factor
0.42 if Soil = "Sand"

1.4 ENVIRONMENT DATA

Current velocity at surface ~ assumption

(measured at top of pipe - worst scenario for this
metocean data)
Vs := if Cond = "Operation"
m
-1 Vs = 2
2 m s if Regime = "Wave" s
-1
2 m s if Regime = "Current"
otherwise
-1
2 m s if Regime = "Wave"
-1
2 m s if Regime = "Current"

Significant wave height

Hs := if Cond = "Operation" Hs = 2.4 m

2.4m if Regime = "Wave"
2.4m if Regime = "Current"
otherwise
2.4 m if Regime = "Wave"
2.4m if Regime = "Current"

Peak wave period

Tp := if Cond = "Operation" Tp = 8.85 s
8.85s if Regime = "Wave"
8.85s if Regime = "Current"
otherwise
8.85s if Regime = "Wave"
8.85s if Regime = "Current"

Angle between current velocity and pipeline axis θc := 90 °

Angle between wave heading and pipeline axis θw := 90 °

Safety Factor

Pipeline location: (Section 3.6.3 DNV F109 2010 Page 17

* Is the pipeline located in a cyclonic area? "Yes" or "No" Cyclonic := "No"

* Is the pipeline located in Gulf of Mexico? "Yes" or "No" GoM := "No"

Safety Class: Low =1 Safety := if LC = 1 Safety = 2

Normal = 2
2 if Cond = "Operation"
High =3
1 if Cond = "Installation"
if LC = 2
3 if Cond = "Operation"
1 if Cond = "Installation"

2. PIPELINE WEIGHT CALCULATION

2.1 PIPELINE PARAMETERS AND WEIGHTS

nominal wall thickness t nom := wt t nom = 24.38 mm

corroded wall thickness t cor := wt - ca% tca t cor = 24.38 mm

non-corroded inside diameter Di := Do - 2  tnom Di = 1170.44  mm

internal cladding internal diameter Dclad := Di - 2  tclad Dclad = 1170.44  mm

corroded inside diameter Di_cor := Do - 2 tcor Di_cor = 1170.44  mm

anti-corrosion coating diameter Dcc := Do + 2  tcc Dcc = 1220 mm

insulation coating diameter Dins := Dcc + 2 tins Dins = 1245.4 mm

concrete coating diameter Dconc := Dins + 2  tconc Dconc = 1425.4 mm

pipe diameter with marine growth Dmg := Dconc + 2  tmg Dmg = 1425.4 mm

Wts :=  Do - Di
2 2 π -1
weight of non-corroded steel   4  ρst g Wts = 7044.925 N m

weight of pipeline per joint Wts JL = 85948.088 N

 Wtclad :=  Di - Dclad
2 2 π -1
weight of internal cladding   4  ρclad g Wtclad = 0  N m

Wts_cor :=  Do - Di_cor
2 2 π -1
weight of corroded steel   4  ρst g Wts_cor = 7044.925 N m

Wtcc :=  Dcc - Do  
2 2 π -1
weight of anti-corrosion coating  ρcc g Wtcc = 13.527 N m
4
weight of anti-corrosion coating per Wtcc JL = 165.025 N
joint

Wtins :=  Dins - Dcc

2 2 π -1
weight of insulation coating   4  ρins g Wtins = 385.853  N m

Wtconc :=  Dconc - Dins

2 2 π -1
weight of concrete coating   4  ρconc g Wtconc = 11271.172 N m

weight of concrete coating per 5

Wtconc JL = 1.375  10 N
joint

weight of Corrosion Field Joint

Wtfjcor :=  Dcc - Do
2 2 π
coating per joint   4  ρfjc  g Wtfjcor 2 xcoat = 6.613 N

weight of Concrete Field Joint

Wtfjconc :=  Dconc - Dcc
2 2 π
coating per joint   4  ρfjc  g Wtfjconc 2 xcc = 2670.072 N

weight of Water Absorbtion

Wtwtab := Absn ( Wtconc JL - Wtfjconc 2 xcc) Wtwtab = 40451.468 N
per joint

2 π -1
weight of water Wtw := Dclad   ρw g Wtw = 10867.911 N m
4
5
weight of water per joint Wtw JL = 1.326  10 N

2 π -1
weight of contents (min. density) Wtcmin := Dclad   ρcmin g Wtcmin = 0  N m
4

weight of content per joint Wtcmin JL = 0

2 π -1
weight of contents (min. density, corroded) Wtcmin_cor := ( Di_cor - 2  tclad)   ρcmin g Wtcmin_cor = 0  N m
4

2 π N
weight of contents (max. density) Wtcmax := Dclad   ρcmax g Wtcmax = 0 
4 m
2 π -1
weight of contents (max. density, Wtcmax_cor := ( Di_cor - 2  tclad)   ρcmax g Wtcmax_cor = 0  N m
corroded) 4

2 π -1
buoyancy without marine growth Wb := Dconc   ρw g Wb = 16118.376 N m
4
 5
Wb JL = 1.966  10 N
buoyancy without marine growth

Wtmg :=  Dmg - Dconc  

2 2 π N
weight of marine growth  ρmg g Wtmg = 0 
4 m

Wbmg :=  Dmg - Dconc  

2 2 π -1
buoyancy of marine growth  ρw g Wbmg = 0  N m
4

2.2 SUBMERGED WEIGHT / WEIGHT IN AIR

weight of coatings in air Wtcoat := Wtcc + Wtins + Wtconc -1

Wtcoat = 11670.551 N m
Non-corroded
weight in air - non-corroded

( Wts + Wtcoat + Wtclad)  JL - ( Wtfjcor 2xcoat + Wtfjconc 2 xcc) + Wtwtab -1

Wair_e := Wair_e = 21811.77 N m
JL
weight in air - non-corroded
Wair_e JL = 266103.599 N

submerged weight - empty Wsub_e := Wair_e - Wb -1

Wsub_e = 5693.394 N m

submerged weight - water filled Wsub_w := Wsub_e + Wtw -1

Wsub_w = 16561.306 N m

submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmax := Wsub_e + Wtcmax -1

Wsub_pmax = 5693.394 N m
(max. density) no marine growth

submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmaxmg := Wsub_pmax + Wtmg - Wbmg -1

Wsub_pmaxmg = 5693.394 N m
(max. density) marine growth

Corroded
weight in air - corroded

( Wts + Wtcoat ) JL - ( Wtfjcor 2 xcoat + Wtfjconc 2xcc) + Wtwtab -1

Wair_cor_e := Wair_cor_e = 21811.77 N m
JL

submerged weight - empty Wsub_cor_e := Wair_cor_e - Wb -1

Wsub_cor_e = 5693.394 N m
no marine growth

submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmin := Wsub_cor_e + Wtcmin_cor -1

Wsub_pmin = 5693.394 N m
(minimum density) no marine growth
submerged weight - empty Wsub_cormg_e := Wsub_cor_e + Wtmg - Wbmg -1
Wsub_cormg_e = 5693.394 N m
marine growth

submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmin_mg := Wsub_pmin + Wtmg - Wbmg -1

Wsub_pmin_mg = 5693.394 N m
(minimum density) marine growth
Installation
Wsub_e + Wb
specific gravity - empty SGinst := SGinst = 1.353
Wb
2.3 BUOYANCY and SUBMERGED WEIGHT
-1
buoyancy without marine growth Wbeq := Wb Wbeq = 16118.376 N m

buoyancy with marine growth Wbmgeq := Wb + Wbmg -1

Wbmgeq = 16118.376 N m
Non-corroded
-1
submerged weight - empty Wsub_eeq := Wsub_e Wsub_eeq = 5693.394 N m

-1
submerged weight - water filled Wsub_weq := Wsub_w Wsub_weq = 16561.306 N m

-1
submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmaxeq := Wsub_pmax Wsub_pmaxeq = 5693.394 N m
(maximum density) no marine growth

Corroded
-1
submerged weight - empty Wsub_cor_eeq := Wsub_cor_e Wsub_cor_eeq = 5693.394 N m
no marine growth

-1
submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmineq := Wsub_pmin Wsub_pmineq = 5693.394 N m
(minimum density) no marine growth

-1
submerged weight - empty Wsub_cormg_eeq := Wsub_cormg_e Wsub_cormg_eeq = 5693.394 N m
marine growth

-1
submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmin_mgeq := Wsub_pmin_mg Wsub_pmin_mgeq = 5693.394 N m
(minimum density) marine growth

-1
Sumerged weight for condition Wsub_eq := Wsub_eeq if Cond = "Installation" Wsub_eq = 5693.394 N m
Wsub_pmin_mgeq if Cond = "Operation"

Hydrodinamic Dimensions

Height pipe Dtop := Dconc if Cond = "Installation"

Dtop = 1.425 m
Dconc + t mg if Cond = "Operation"

Overall height Dtopm := Dconc Dtopm = 1.425 m

for calculation of hydrodynamic
loading

Diameter main pipe Deq := Dconc if Cond = "Installation" Deq = 1.425 m

Dconc + 2  tmg if Cond = "Operation"
 3. ON-BOTTOM STABILITY CALCULATION (SECTION 3 DNV RP F109: Design Methods)

3.1 VERTICAL STABILITY IN WATER (SECTION 3.2 DNV RP F109)

Submerged weight ws := Wsub_eq

Buoyancy b := Wbeq if Cond = "Installation"

Wbmgeq if Cond = "Operation"

Safety factor for weight γw := 1.1

(Section 3.2 DNV F109 2010 Page 9)
b γw
Submerged weigth shall meet the following criterion: γw =  1.0
(Section 3.2 DNV F109 2010 Page 9) ws + b sg

b
Submerged weight check wsub := "OK" if γw  1.0
(Section 3.2 DNV F109 2010 Page 9) ws + b
"Not OK, Increase Concrete Thickness" otherwise
b
UCv := γw
ws + b UCv = 0.813

wsub = "OK"

3.2 VERTICAL STABILITY ON AND IN SOIL (SECTION 3.3 DNV RP F109)

π 2 2
Cross sectional area main pipe Amain :=  Dconc Amain = 1.596 m
4
Wsub_w -3
Maximum submerged specific weight γsubmax := γsubmax = 10.378 kN m
- water filled Amain

-1
Maximum submerged weight Wsubmax := Wsub_weq Wsubmax = 16561.306 N m
-water filled

Specific weight soil γsoil_wet := γsoil + ρw g -5 -3

γsoil_wet = 1.395  10  N mm
(Including water)
Vertical soil reaction and penetration (According to DNV RP F105)

2
 ϕs 
Bearing capacity factors Nq := exp ( π tan( ϕs) )  tan 45 ° +  Nq = 1
(Section 7.4.1 DNV F105)  2 
Nc := π + 2 Nc = 5.142

Nγ := 1.5( Nq - 1 ) tan( ϕs) Nγ = 0

Diameter main pipe Dv := Dconc Dv = 1.425 m

Contact width for pipe-soil interaction B( v) := 2 (Dv - v)v if v  0.5 Dv

Dv if v > 0.5 Dv

  Dv  
Bearing capacity - sand Rsand ( v) := γsoil  B( v)   Nq max v - , 0 m + 0.5Nγ B ( v) 
  4  
Cross sectional area Ap( v) := B( v)  v if v  0.5 Dv
N
of penetrated part of pipe Rsand ( 0.2m) = 0 
B( v)  v if v > 0.5 Dv m

Bearing capacity - clay Rclay( v) := Nc Su B ( v) + γsoil Ap( v)

N
(constant shear strength) Rclay( 0.2m) = 6870.396
m
Vertical penetration -guess value v := 0.0001 Dv
v = 0.143 mm
Solve bearing capacity for pentration Rvsoil ( v) := Rsand ( v) if Soil = "Sand"
-1
equal to half diameter for info only Rvsoil ( v) = 0.176 kN m
Rclay( v) if Soil = "Clay"

Solve vertical penetration vp := root( Rsand ( v) - Wsubmax , v) if Soil = "Sand"

for vertical equilibrium
root( Rclay( v) - Wsubmax , v) if Soil = "Clay" vp = 1416.921 mm

Vertical soil penetration requirement

Limited soil penetration Sand or Clay

Soillimit := if ( vp < 0.5 Dv , "Satisfied" , "Not satisfied" ) Soillimit = "Not satisfied"

vp
UCvsp := UCvsp = 1.988
0.5 Dv
Vertical stability requirement - no sinking
Requirement Stabvertical := "Satisfied" if γsubmax < γsoil_wet
Soillimit otherwise
Stabvertical = "Satisfied"

γsubmax
UCvss := UCvss = 0.744
γsoil_wet
 4 LATERAL STABILITY

4.1 CURRENT AND WAVE CHARACTERISTIC

4.1.1 CURRENT CONDITIONS (SECTION 3.4.2 DNV F109 2010)

Current velocity by taken into account the effect zr := Dtop + Htrench_cover

of boundary layer and directionality (Section 3.4.2 DNV F109 2010 Page 10)

m
 ln z + z0  - ln z0 
  m Type

( Type) 
Vs = 2
s
z := Dtop
V( z) := Vs    sin( θc)
 z 
 ln + z0  - ln( z0 ) 
r
Type Type
 m   -1
V( z) = 1.87 m s Dtop = 1.425 m

Mean perpendicular current velocity over the pipe diameter

(Section 3.4.2 DNV F109 2010 Page 11)

Vc( z) := D Dtopm if piggy = "Yes"

-1
Dtop if piggy = "No" Vc( z) = 1.721 m s

  Dtop  
 z0
Type 
   ln + 1 - 1
m
1+
 Dtop    z0  
    Type  
V( z) 
 m 
 z 
 m 
ln + 1
z0
 Type 
Steady current velocity associated with single design oscillation V' := Vc( z)
@ pipe level
4.1.2 SHORT TERM WAVE CONDITIONS (SECTION 3.4.3 DNV F109 2010)
Calculate near bed velocities using spectral theory. Therefore, all parameters need to be made dimensionless

g Hs Tp Dtop h π
gdim := Hsdim := Tpdim := Ddim := h dim := ωp := 2
m m sec m m Tpdim
2
sec
Tpdim
ϕ := ϕ = 5.713
Peak enhancement parameter Hsdim

Peak enhancement factor γ := 5 if ϕ  3.6

5.75- 1.15ϕ
e if 3.6 < ϕ < 5 γ=1
1 otherwise

Spectral Width parameter σ( ω) := 0.07 if ω  ωp

0.09 otherwise

2 4
5 Hsdim  ωp
Generalised Phillips' constant α :=   ( 1 - 0.287 ln( γ) ) α = 0.005
16 2
gdim
-4 2
Spectral density function ω 5  ω- ωp 
- - 0.5  
 
4  ωp   σ ( ω) ωp 
2 -5 e
Sηη( ω) := α gdim  ω e γ

Seabed gap in case used for span analysis ζ := 0

Guess values k := 100 aω := 2

Determine wave number  ω

2 
kk( ω) := root k tanh ( k h dim) - , k
(with guess value) gdim 

Determine omega max (with guess value) to avoid non convergence

ωmax := root( kk( aω)  h dim - asinh ( ∞) , aω) ωmax = 22.263

ω
Frequency transfer function to seabed G( ω) := if ω < ωmax
(based on first order wave theory) sinh( kk( ω)  h dim)
0 otherwise

2
Wave in duced velocity spectrum SUU( ω) := G( ω)  Sηη( ω)

ωmax
 n
Spectral moments of order n M n( n) :=  ω  SUU( ω) dω

0
Zeroth order spectral moment M n( 0) = 0.105
 m m
Significant wave velocity @ pipe level UsH := 2  M n( 0 )  UsH = 0.647
sec s
M n( 0 )
Mean zero up-crossing period @ pipe level Tu := 2  π  sec Tu = 8.151 s
M n( 2 )

h
Reference period Tn :=
g Tn = 1.195 s

3hr
Number of oscillations in spectrum τ :=
Tu τ = 1324.942

kt := 1.25 if γ = 1 kt = 1.25
Parameter for wave period
1.17 if γ = 5
( 1.25 - 1.17)
1.17 +  ( γ - 1 ) otherwise
4

U' H
U' H := UsH   2  ln( τ) +
1 0.5772 
Wave velocit y @ pipe le vel for single  = 1.972
design osciallation (Eq. 3.15 DNV F109 2  2 ln( τ)  UsH
2010)
m
U' H = 1.276
s

 Tn Tn
T' := Tu kt - 5  ( kt - 1 )   if T  0.2
Period associated with maximum wave, i.e. Tu
design oscillation (Eq. 3.16 DNV F109
 u T' = 8.696 s
2010) Tu otherwise
4.1.3 WAVE DIRECTIONALITY AND SPREADING (SECTION 3.4.4 DNV F109 2010)

Spectral spreading exponent sp := 8

 sp 
Γ 1 +
1  2 sp π
 cos( θ)  sin( θw - θ) if θ <
2
Wave spreading directional functio n Dw( θ) := 
π 1 sp  2
Γ + 
2 2 
0 otherwise

π
2

Reduction factor is given by: RD :=  Dw( θ) dθ RD = 0.949
 π
-
2

Velocity normal to the pipe including -1 -1

Us := RD UsH = 0.614 m s Us = 0.614 m s
the effect of wave spreading - spectrum

Velocity normal to the pipe including -1 -1

U' := RD U' H = 1.21 m s U' = 1.21 m s
the effect of wave spreading - spectrum

V
4.2 STEADY TO OSCILLATORY VELOCITY RATIO OF THE DESIGN SPECTRUM M=  0.01
U
AND THE SIGNIFICANT KEULEGAN-CARPENTER NUMBER

V( z)
Steady to oscillatory velocity ratio for design M := M = 3.046
spectrum Us

Us Tu
Significant Keulegan-Carpenter number Ks := Ks = 3.51
Dtop

For single oscillation

V'
Steady to oscillatory velocity ratio for design M' := M' = 1.422
spectrum U'

U'  T'
Significant Keulegan-Carpenter number K's := K's = 7.384
Dtop
 4.3 PENETRATION DEPTH (SECTION 3.4.6 DNV F109 2010)
Penetration due to movement zpm := 0% Dconc

To calculate initial penetration maximum pipe weight and zero lift force can be assumed in calculation for ks and kc:

2
γsoil  Dconc Su Dconc Su
κsi := κci := Gci :=
Wsub_weq Wsub_weq Dconc ( γsoil_wet)

κsi = 0.472 κci = 0.103 Gci = 0.06

- 0.67
Initial penetration are defined as: zpi := 0.037 κsi  Dconc if Soil = "Sand"
for Sand (Eq. 3.28)
and Clay (Eq. 3.29) DNV F109   Gci0.3 
3.2
 Gci0.3  
0.7
2010

0.0071  κ  + 0.062  κ    Dconc if Soil = "Clay"
  ci   ci  
zpi = 1.217 m
zpi
%zpi := %zpi = 85.386 %
Dconc

Total Pipe Penetration depth including Pipe laying effect from Nonlinier analysis using Orcaflex Software
(As per appendix C in this report) is 51.3% of the Pipe Outside Diameter.
%zto := 51.3%

Penetration due to pipe laying is Total Penetration reduce by Initial Penetration

%zpl := %zto - %zpi %zpl = -34.086 % zpl := %zpl  Dconc

Trench depth (see Figure zt := Dconc + Htrench_cover if Pos = "Trench"

zt = 0 m
3-7DNV F109 2010)
0m if Pos = "Seabed"

Total pipe penetration can be taken as the sum of initial penetration and penetration due to
movement (Eq. 3.27DNV F109 2010):
zp := zpi + zpm + zpl zp = 0.731 m
Equivalent penetration in trench is
defined as (Eq. 3.30 DNV F109 2010):
1 1 zt
zpt :=  tan( θt)  Dconc if  tan( θt)  Dconc 
2 2 2
zpt = 0 m
zt
otherwise
2

Total penetration including penetration in trench

ztp := zp + zpt if Pos = "Trench" ztp = 0.731 m
zp if Pos = "Seabed"
4.4 LOAD REDUCTION

Load reduction due to permeable seabed

Load reduction due to permeable seabed (Eq. 3.18
DNV F109 2010)
rperm_z := 0.7 if Soil = "Sand"
rperm_z = 1
1 if Soil = "Clay"

Load reduction due to penetration

Load reduction factor due to penetration (Eq. 3.19)
(horizontal direction) see Figure 3-6

 zp  zp
rpen_y := 1.0 - 1.4   if  0.5 rpen_y = 0.3
 Dtop  Dtop
0.3 otherwise

Load reduction factor due to penetration (Eq. 3.20)

(vertical direction) see Figure 3-6
zp
rpen_z := 1 if  0.1 rpen_z = 0.463
Dtop

  zp  zp
1.0 - 1.3  D - 0.1 if 0.1 < D  0.8667
  top  top

0 otherwise

Load reduction due to trenching

Slope angle of trench θtr := 11.31

Load reduction factor due to trenching

(Eq. 3.21) (horizontal direction)

0.42
 zt 
1.0 - 0.18 ( θtr - 5 )
0.25
rtr_y :=   if 5  θtr  45  Pos = "Trench" rtr_y = 1.000
 Dtop 
1 otherwise
Load reduction factor due to trenching (Eq. 3.22) (vertical direction)

0.46 0.46
 zt   zt 
1.0 - 0.14 ( θtr - 5 ) if 5  θtr  45  Pos = "Trench"  1.0 - 0.14 ( θtr - 5 )
0.43 0.43
rtr_z :=     >0
 Dtop   Dtop 
otherwise
0.46
 zt 
0 if 5  θtr  45  Pos = "Trench"  1.0 - 0.14 ( θtr - 5)
0.43
  <0
 Dtop 
1 otherwise rtr_z = 1

Total reduction factor for horizontal load (Eq. 3.17)

rtot_y := rpen_y rtr_y if Pos = "Trench"

rtot_y = 0.3
rpen_y if Pos = "Seabed"

Total reduction factor for vertical load (Eq. 3.17)

rtot_z := rperm_z rpen_z rtr_z if Pos = "Trench"
rtot_z = 0.463
rperm_z rpen_z if Pos = "Seabed"
4.5 HYDRODINAMIC LOADS AND PASSIVE RESISTANCE

4.5.1 HYDRODINAMIC LOADS

Peak load coefficients CY and CZ are taken from Tables 3-9 and 3-10 page 18 DNV F109 2010
With value of : M' = 1.422 and K's = 7.384

Horizontal Peak load coefficient C'Y = 1.801

Vertical Peak load coefficient C'Z = 1.133

Peak vertical hydrodynamic (lift) load

using equivalent overall height

1 2
F'Z := rtot_z  ρw Dtopm C'Z ( U' + V') if piggy = "Yes"
2
1 2 -1
rtot_z  ρw Dtop C'Z ( U' + V') if piggy = "No" F'Z = 3309.491 N m
2

Peak horizontal hydrodynamic (drag and inertia load)

using equivalent overall height

1 2
F'Y := rtot_y  ρw Dtopm C'Y ( U' + V') if piggy = "Yes"
2
1 2 -1
rtot_y  ρw Dtop C'Y ( U' + V') if piggy = "No" F'Y = 3407.281 N m
2
4.5.2 SOIL RESISTANCE (SECTION 3.4.6 DNV F109 2010)

C'Y
L' := + C'Z L' = 5.421
μ

N
F'C := Wsub_pmin - F'Z F'C = 2383.903
m
2
γsoil  Dtop
κ's := κ's = 3.277
F'C
Su Dtop
κ'c := κ'c = 0.718
F'C
Su
Gc := Gc = 0.06
Dtop ( γsoil_wet)

F'R := F'C if Soil = "Sand" kN

F'R = 8.743
1.25 m
 5.0κ's - 0.15κ's2   ztp  if κ's  26.7  F'C > 0
  D
 top 
1.25
 ztp 
κ's   if κ's > 26.7  F'C > 0
 Dtop 
0 otherwise
if Soil = "Clay"
1.31
4.1κ'c ztp 
  if F'C > 0
0.39  Dtop 
Gc
0 otherwise
4.6 LATERAL STABILITY CHECK

fact := 1 if Soil = "Sand" fact = 2 Soil = "Clay"

2 if Soil = "Clay"

Note : Safety Factor for absolute satbility (Tables 3-5 to 3-8 DNV F109 - 2010)

Table 3-5 Safety factors, winter storm in North Sea

Low Normal High
Sand and rock 0,98 1,32 1,67
Clay 1,00 1,40 1,83 γ35 = 1.4
fact , Safety

Table 3-6 Safety factors, winter storm in GoM and Southern Ocean
Low Normal High
Sand and rock 0,95 1,41 1,99
Clay 0,97 1,50 2,16 γ36 = 1.5
fact , Safety

Table 3-7 Safety factors, cyclonic conditions in North West Shelf

Low Normal High
Sand and rock 0,95 1,50 2,16 γ37 = 1.56
Clay 0,95 1,56 2,31
fact , Safety

Table 3-8 Safety factors, cyclonic conditions Gulf of Mexico (GoM)

Low Normal High
Sand and rock 0,95 1,64 2,46
Clay 0,93 1,64 2,54 γ38 = 1.64
fact , Safety

γSC := if GoM = "Yes" γSC = 1.4

γ38 if Cyclonic = "Yes"
fact , Safety
γ36 if Cyclonic = "No"
fact , Safety
if GoM = "No"
γ37 if Cyclonic = "Yes"
fact , Safety
γ35 if Cyclonic = "No"
fact , Safety

F'Y + μ F'Z F'Z

Requirements for absolute stability Stable abs := "Yes" if γSC  1.0  γSC  1.0
(Eq. 3.38 and 3.39 DNV F109 2010) μ Wsub_pmin + F'R Wsub_pmin
"No" otherwise

F'Y + μ F'Z
Requirements 1 UCL1 := γSC UCL1 = 0.603
μ Wsub_pmin + F'R

F'Z
Requirements 2 UCL2 := γSC UCL2 = 0.814
Wsub_pmin

Absolute Stability Criterion (Section 3.6.2 DNV F109 2010) Stable abs = "Yes"
5. OUTPUT SUMMARY:
t conc = 90 mm
Used concrete thickness

Dconc = 1.425 m
Full outside diameter pipe
-1
Submerged weight of empty or product filled pipe Wsub_pmin = 5693.394 N m

Wsub_pmin + b
Specific Gravity of the pipe = 1.353
b

Spectral peakedness factor γ=1

-1
Design current velocity @ pipe height - Spectrum Vc( Dtop) = 1.721 m s

-1
Design current velocity @ pipe height - Single Oscillation V' = 1.721 m s

-1
Design velocity induced by waves @ pipe height - Spectrum Us = 0.614 m s

-1
Design velocity induced by waves @ pipe height - Single Oscillation U' = 1.21 m s

Soil strength parameter Gc = 0.06

Significant Keulegan-Carpenter number Ks = 3.51

Steady to oscillatory velocity ratio for design spectrum M = 3.046

Increase this value until Stability requirement is met Tcon  90mm

Condition:
Cond  "Operation"
"Installation" or "Operation"