Table of
Contents
xi Preface
1 Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
1.2 Chemical Rockets
1.3 Nonchemical Rockets
1.4 Airbreathing Engines
1.5 Summary
19 Chapter 2. Thermodynamics and Quasi-One-Dimensional
Fluid Flows
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Definitions
2.3 The Laws of Thermodynamics
2.4 The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
2.5 The First Law of Thermodynamics
2.6 The Reversible Process
2.7 Derived Properties: Enthalpy and Specific Heats
2.8 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
2.9 The Gibbs Equation
2.10 The Gibbs Function and the Helmholtz Function
2.11 Maxwell's Relations
2.12 General Relationships between Properties
2.13 The Perfect Gas
2.14 Quasi-One-Dimensional Fluid Flows
2.15 The First Law for a Flowing System--The Control
Volume
2.16 The Channel Flow Equations
2.17 Stagnation Properties
2.18 Property Variations in Channels
2.19 The Nozzle Flow Equations
2.20 Numerical Solutions of Equations
Problems
63 Chapter 3. Chemical Rockets
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Expression for the Thrust
3.3 Acceleration of a Rocket
3.4 Rocket Nozzle Performance
3.5 Elementary Chemistry
3.6 Determination of Chamber Conditions
3.7 Nozzle Flow of a Reacting Gas
3.8 Solid-Propellant Rockets
Problems
97 Chapter 4. Nonchemical Rockets
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Nuclear-Heated Rocket
4.3 Electrically Powered Rockets
Problems
121 Chapter 5. Ideal Cycle Analysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Notation
5.3 Ideal Component Behaviors
5.4 The Ideal Thermodynamic Cycle
5.5 The Effect of Burning at Finite Mach Number
5.6 The Propulsive Efficiency, rip
5.7 Systems of Units
5.8 The Ideal Turbojet
5.9 Interpretation of the Behavior of the Specific Fuel
Consumption
5.10 The Maximum Thrust Turbojet
5.11 The Ideal Turbojet with Afterburning
5.12 The Turbofan with Separate Exhaust Streams
5.13 The Ideal Turbofan with Mixed Exhaust Streams
5.14 The Ideal Constant-Pressure Mixer
5.15 The Ideal Turbofan with Afterburning
Problems
189 Chapter 6. Component Performance
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Thrust Equation
6.3 Averages
6.4 The Inlet
6.5 The Compressor
6.6 The Burner
6.7 The Turbine
6.8 The Nozzle
6.9 Summary of Component Figures of Merit
Problems
231 Chapter 7. Nonideal Cycle Analysis
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Turbojet
7.3 The Turbofan
7.4 The Turboprop or Prop Fan
7.5 The Effects of Nonconstant Specific Heats
7.6 Summary and Conclusions
Problems
277 Chapter 8. Engine Off-Design Performance
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Off-Design Analysis of the Turbojet
8.3 Off-Design Analysis of the Turbofan
8.4 Off-Design Analysis of the Turboprop
8.5 The Use of Component Characteristics
8.6 Limitations on the Accuracy of Component Characteristics
8.7 Engine Acceleration
Problems
327 Chapter 9. Elementary Theory of Blade Aerodynamics
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Two-Dimensional Incompressible Flow through
Blade Rows
9.3 Free Vortex Flow
9.4 Radial Equilibrium Flows
9.5 The Effects of Compressibility
Problems
373 Chapter 10. Throughflow Theory
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The Throughflow Equations
10.3 The Actuator Disk
10.4 Integral Relationships
10.5 Example Solutions
10.6 Advanced Problems in Throughflow Theory
Problems
405 Chapter 11. Cascade Flows
11.1 Introduction
I 1.2 Cascade Losses
11.3 Cascade Notation
11.4 Calculation Methods
Problems
435 Appendix A. Standard Atmosphere
437 Appendix B. SAE Gas Turbine Engine Notation
449 Appendix C. Oates Companion Software
453 Subject Index
