PKE is obtained as a by-product from the
extraction of palm kernel oil via the mechanical
process. The production of PKE involves the
grinding of palm kernels followed by screw
pressing with or without an intermediary flaking
and cooking stage. During the screw pressing
stage, the raw palm kernel oil is diverted for
clarification and the residual PKE is cooled and
stored in a warehouse.
Palm kernel cake (PKC) on the other hand, is a by-
product from the extraction of palm kernel oil via
solvent (hexane) extraction of the ground palm
kernels. As the cost of the solvent extraction
process is much higher, most of the PKM
production in the country uses the mechanical
process. PKE and PKC are quite similar but have
small differences in crude fat and fibre contents.