Automobile Cooling System
By
Suresh Bhakta Shrestha
Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Kathmandu University
Necessity
To remove the cylinder wall heat.
To prevent preignition of charge.
To prevent burning of the lubricants.
To do away with possible seizure of the piston.
Extent of Cooling
It must be optimal
Methods of Cooling
Air Cooling
Water Cooling
Liquid Cooling
Air
Air
Air
Cylinder Barrel
Air Cooled Engine
Fin
Baffle
Normal Baffle Complete Baffle Short Baffle
Advantages and Disadvantages of Air
Cooled Engines
{ Advantages { Disadvantages
Lightness Difficulty in maintaining even
Operability at extreme cooling
conditions Less efficient cooling
Easier Maintenance Bulky fan
Early Warm up More noisy
Air Duct Longitudinal
Fins
Air
Crankcase
Water Cooling
Thermosyphon System
Pump Circulation System
Pump is used for the
circulation of cooling
Filler Cap
water.
Header
Tank
Water
Radiator
Hose Pipe
{ A fan is employed to Cooling
assist the air flow. Air
Fan
Engine
Collector
Tank
Pump
Components of Water Cooling System
Radiator
Thermostat
Pump
Fan
Hose
Heater (Auxiliary)
Radiator
Functions:
A radiator is a type of heat exchanger.
to transfer heat from the hot coolant to air blown
through it.
Construction:
Basically it consists of two tanks, a top and a
bottom tank,
Finned tubes located in the core of the radiator
Components:
Header Tank
Core
Lower Tank
Overflow Pipe Tank
Cap
Radiator Components
Thermostat
Functions:
To block the coolant flow to the radiator
To allow the coolant flow to the radiator
To regulate the engine temperature.
Types:
Bellows or Aneroid type
Wax or Hydrostatic type
Bellows Type Thermostat
Components Valve
Bellows
Water
Valves Bellows
Wax Thermostat
Plunger
Components:
Seal
Copper Loaded Wax Rubber
Plug
Rubber Plunger
Copper
Loaded
Wax
Water Pump
Functions:
The pump circulates fluid whenever the
engine is running.
Components:
Belt connected to the crankshaft of the
engine.
Hoses
Fan-Functions & Components
Function:
To drive the airflow through the radiator
Components:
A Fan
Drive Mechanism (Belt drive)
Arrangements:
Mounted on the water pump shaft (rear wheel drive).
Thermostatic control,flexible fan blades, variable angles of
blades and different number of blades.
Independently mounted fans (in front wheel drive cars),
Electrical and Thermostatic Control.
Fan-Illustrations
Fan
Fan
Motor
Main
Switch
Radiator Fan
Thermo Switch Fuse Box
Battery
Fan
Hoses
Function: Hose Clamp
Hose Pipe
To carry hot and cold streams of
liquid to the radiator and the engine
channel.
The interconnecting hoses from
radiator to engine and from engine to
cabin heater and back again are very
special.
Construction:
Radiator to engine hoses - metal coil
reinforced hoses
The bottom hose
Hose clamps
Heater
Functions:
Act as a secondary cooling system
It is not an electric heater
Other Methods of Cylinder Cooling
Liquid Cooling
Pressure Sealed Cooling
Coolant
Pure Water 50/50 70/30
C2H6O2/Water C2H6O2/Water
Freezing Point 0 C / 32 F -37 C / -35 F -55 C / -67 F
Boiling Point 100 C / 212 F 106 C / 223 F 113 C / 235 F
Anti Freeze Solutions
Types: Requirements
Conventional antifreeze
(ethylene glycol base with 1. Miscibility with water.
conventional additives)
2. Non-corrosive
Extended Life Antifreeze 3. High boiling point
(ethylene glycol base with
carboxyl ate additives). 4. No deposition of foreign
matters
Non-Toxic Antifreeze
The ethylene glycol antifreezes are
harmful or fatal if swallowed or
inhaled.
