21.
ALGEBRAIC MANIPULATION
1. Add 4a x to (2a x) 2(a x) .
2. Subtract 11 (5d 3x) from 4(4d x 2) (14 x 15d ) .
3. Simplify the following:
(a) 2(4 x 3d ) 3(d 6 x 5) 4(9 8x 12d )
x x4 x
(b) ( 2)
3 2 6
4. Simplify 2 x 5 y 2( x 3 y)
Algebraic Manipulation 88
5. Simplify 2e 3 f 2(e f )
6. Factorise 2r 2 2rh .
7. Factorise the following expressions:
(a) 3ax 4ay
(b) 3a 3ax 6ay
8. Factorise the following expressions:
(a) 5x(2c 3d ) 6 y(2c 3d )
(b) ax bx 2ay 2by
9. Factorise 3c(d 2e) (d 2e)
Algebraic Manipulation 89
10. Factorise completely
(a) 9a 12a 2
(b) 4 y 2 1
(c) x2 7 x 12
11. (a) Factorise ax bx .
(b) Hence evaluate 1426 0.6789 – 426 0.6789.
12. Factorise fully 5x2 10 x
EXTENDED
13. Expand the following and simplify your answer:
(a) ( x 3)( x 2)
(b) (2 y 1)(2 y 2)
(c) (4 x 4 y)2
Algebraic Manipulation 90
14. Factorise the following expression:
(a) 8bx 4cx 2by cy
(b) 6my 9ny 18mx 27nx
15. Factorise fully 4ax2 3b 12bx2 a .
3y2 8 y 4
16. Simplify .
y2 4
5 x 2 20
17. Simplify .
10 x 2 10 x 20
Algebraic Manipulation 91
18. Factorise the following:
(a) 4a 2 9b2
(b) 144 y 2
(c) 16 x4 81 y 4
19. Simplify the following:
x 16
(a) 3x
4
x x5 2
(b)
2 5 3
7 x 3 5x x
(c) ( 0.75)
8 4 8
Algebraic Manipulation 92
20. Express as a fraction in its simplest form
1 3 2x
x 2 x 2 4 x2
21. Simplify the following:
1 2
(a)
x 1 x 3
3 2
(b)
(3 x 1) 7( x 3)
22. Simplify the following:
x 2 y 3x3
(a)
xy 2 y
12a3b 3a 2b3
(b)
ab2 ba2
Algebraic Manipulation 93
23. Simplify the following:
6ab 2ab2 bc2
(a)
4bc 8bc2 b2c
9 x 2 6 xy 3z 2
(b)
xy 9 yz 4 x 2 z
4a 2 1 2a 1
24. Simplify
4b 2 1 2b 1
Algebraic Manipulation 94