STONE CRUSHER PLANT
A crusher is a machine designed to reduce large rocks into
smaller rocks, gravel, or rock dust. Crushing devices hold
material between two parallel or tangent solid surfaces, and
apply sufficient force to bring the surfaces together to
generate enough energy within the material being crushed
so that its molecules separate from (fracturing), or change
alignment in relation to (deformation), each other.
A jaw crusher uses compressive force for breaking of
particle. This mechanical pressure is achieved by the two
jaws of the crusher of which one is fixed while the other
reciprocates. A jaw or toggle crusher consists of a set of
vertical jaws, one jaw is kept stationary and is called as fixed
jaw while the other jaw, called as swing jaw, moves back and
forth relative to it, by a cam or pitman mechanism, acting
like a nutcracker. The volume or cavity between the two jaws
is called as the crushing chamber. The movement of the
swing jaw can be quite small, since complete crushing is not
performed in one stroke. The inertia required to crush the
material is provided by a weighted flywheel that moves a
shaft creating an eccentric motion that causes the closing of
the gap.
Jaw crushers are heavy duty machines and hence need to be
robustly constructed. The outer frame is generally made of
cast iron or steel. The jaws themselves are usually
constructed from cast steel. They are fitted with replaceable
liners which are made of manganese steel, or Ni-hard (a Ni-
Cr alloyed cast iron). Jaw crushers are usually constructed in
sections to ease the process transportation if they are to be
taken underground for carrying out the operations.
Breaker
CRUSHER PLANT
RAW MATERIAL – TRIBUTARY OF BEAS RIVER
INPUT – 40 TON
OUTPUT – 8-9 TON
PEAK HOURS - 6AM-7PM & 9PM – 5AM (21 HOURS)
APPROXIMATE SIZE OF RAW MATERIAL(MAX) - 10 – 12
INCH
SIZE OF AGGREGATES AFTER CRUSHING (AVALIABLE AT
PLANT) - 10, 20, 40(mm)
ELECTRICITY CONSUMED – 4000 VOLTS
AVERAGE INCOME( PER DAY) – 1.5 LAKH (APPROX)
WORKING OF CRUSHER PLANT
Raw material for the plant is collected from Talwar khad
(tributary of beas river). The material is excavated with the
help of hydraulic shovel. The excavated material is carried to
the plant with the help of tippers. Raw material is unloaded
into the storage tank, capacity of storage tank is 40 ton.
Storage tank
Breaker
Raw material is introduced into the breaker through an
outlet of storage tank where the raw material gets crushed
into small fragments, breaker is driven by a motor of 30hp
rotating with speed of 1475 rpm. These crushed fragments
or crushed stone material is conveyed to vibrating screen
with the help of conveyor belt where these crushed
fragments gets washed before being sent to vibrating screen
Conveyor belt
Vibrating screen
In vibrating screen various sized sieves are arranged as
40mm, 20mm and 10mm in layers. The aggregates after
being washed pass through their respective sieves hoppers
or bins are provided for each sieve from where with the help
of conveyor belt they are carried to their respective dump.
The crushed fragments which are retained on 40mm sieve
return back by a conveyor belt to the REGULATOR ( Machine
similar to breaker)
Regulator
Vibrating sieves
where these crushed fragments are hammered again in
order to decrease their size, these broken fragments are
again conveyored to the vibrating unit , gets sieved and then
to their respective stacks. The water that is used for washing
is collected in screw sand washing machine (used for sand
processing). Sand particles with bigger density settle down
to tub bottom and by an arrangement of screws which are
rotating clockwise push the settled sand in upward direction
and from where it is taken by conveyor belt to its dump or
stack.
CONTROL ROOM
Control room is a unit which has controls of various machines
being used at site or plant .
The control room that we visited controls all electrical
equipments (i.e. AC induction motor) three phase current
supply.
As shown in picture(left) 1st switch controls screw 2nd
switch control vibrating screen 3rd switch controls water
pump and the remaining six switches control conveyor belts.
And on right the two switches controls Regulator and Breaker
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