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Plant Reproduction Overview

Flowering plants reproduce sexually. They have male and female structures that are usually located together in the same flower. The male structures (stamens) produce pollen, and the female structures (pistils) contain ovules. Pollination, which can be self-pollination or cross-pollination, transfers pollen grains to the stigma of the pistil, allowing fertilization to occur within the ovary. This leads to the production of seeds contained within a fruit. Vegetative propagation is an asexual reproduction method that produces new plants from non-reproductive plant parts like stems, leaves, and roots.

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267 views4 pages

Plant Reproduction Overview

Flowering plants reproduce sexually. They have male and female structures that are usually located together in the same flower. The male structures (stamens) produce pollen, and the female structures (pistils) contain ovules. Pollination, which can be self-pollination or cross-pollination, transfers pollen grains to the stigma of the pistil, allowing fertilization to occur within the ovary. This leads to the production of seeds contained within a fruit. Vegetative propagation is an asexual reproduction method that produces new plants from non-reproductive plant parts like stems, leaves, and roots.

Uploaded by

Aaliyah Catiil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

- is a biological process in which an organism gives rise to young ones (offstring) similar

itself. The offspring grows, matures and in turn produces new offspring.
- It enables the continuity of the species, generation, after generation.

- Flowering Plants or Angiosperm are adopted for sexual reproduction. Angiosperm has
separate structures for producing male and female gametes, but the reproductive
organs of angiosperms have two features:
 Both the male and female structures usually occur together in the same
individual flower.
 Angiosperm reproductive structures are not permanent parts of the adult
individual.

Gamates (Gonads) – are sex cell


Petal –
Carpet (Pistil) – {stigma, style, ovary, ovule}
Stigma – receives the pollen during fertilization
Style – a tube on top of the ovary
Ovary – female reproductive organ
Ovule – reproductive cell which will become the seed when fertilized by pollen
Penducle – Stem
Sepal – small leaves under the flower
Calyx – all the sepals
Petal –
Stamen – {anther & filament}
Anther – contains pollen, the male reproductive cell
Filament – holds the anther

Pollen grains (male gametophyte)


Embryo sac (female gametophyte)
Pollination – transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the pistil
Self Pollination – occurs when pollen falls from the anther into the stigma of the same flower
Cross Pollination – transfer of pollen to another plant of the same species
Fruit – enlarge ovary of a flowering plant that contains seed

 Occurs in bisexual organisms, including most flowering plants, numerous protozoans,


and many invertebrates.
 As an evolutionary and reproductive mechanism, self-fertilization allows an isolated
individual to create a local population and stabilizes desirable genetic strains, but it fails
to provide a significant degree of variability within a population and thereby limist the
possibilities for adaptation to environmental change.
 It is the fusion of male and female gametes (sex cells) from different individuals of the
same species.
 Cross fertilization must occur in dioecious plants (those having male and female organs
on spate in which there are separate male and female individuals.

 Wind - grass, catkins, dandelions, maple trees, goat’s beard


 Insects – apples, pears, raspberries, strawberries, runner beans, pumpkins, and most
flowering plants.
 Water
 Birds

– is a naturally occurring production of new plants from


non-reproductive plants parts.
– is the manipulation of the process of vegetative
propagation such as grafting and budding.

- (division in half) is a kind of sexual reproduction.


- Involves the growth of a small bulb-like projection called bud. It grows and detaches
itself from the parent cell to grow independently into a new organism.

- Involves breaking down of filaments into fragments that grow into young ones.

- It is the method which involves development of new varieties of fruit plants. Two twigs
are selected from two different varieties of plants in such a way that one twig should
have a well developed root system.

- It involves planting a young cutting of the stem with buds into moist soil. This develops
roots which absorb nutrition from the soil and help in the growth of a new plant.

- This involves bending of a young stem towards the ground and let it grow under the soil
for the development of roots. After a period of time, as the roots develop, the bent
stem is cut off from the parent plant. This acts as a new plants.

- A mass of tissue is selected from the growing tip of the plant. This the termed as callus.

 Stolons
 Rhizomes
 Suckers
 Adventitous leaves
 Apomixis

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