6/15/2014 Process Isolation Guidelines - Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas - Cheresources.
com Community
[Link] Community → Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas → Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas
► Isolation Valve ► Air Isolation ► Piping Isolation ► Process Used Oil
ChExpress
Blog 5/28/14
Read the latest
news from the
chemical industry in Christa's
blog.
Featured
Articles
Check out the
latest featured
articles.
File Library
Check out the
latest downloads
available in the
File Library.
New Article
Product Viscosity
vs. Shear
Featured File
Air Vessel Sizing
for Water
Hammer
Prevention
New Blog
Entry
Technical
Aspects of
Equipment
Procurement
posted in Ankur's
blog
► Process Used Oil
► Process Plant
► ANSI Process Pump
Process Isolation Guidelines
Started by Guest_curiousAdam_*, Mar 13 2007 02:29 AM
Share this topic:
0 Share
Share
Share
Share
Share
Share
Share
| More
More
► Process Air ► Process Gas ► Oil Valve ► Spool Valve
Posted 13 March 2007 02:29 AM
Guest_curiousAdam_*
Hi All,
I am looking for a reasonable guideline for isolation for maintanance of pump compressor etc. while the system is live
(standby equipment running).
Specifically I am interested (where and why) double block and bleed is called for in Hydrocarbon service. I have heard various
answers: "Systems over 10 barg"; "300# ANSI systems", "600# ANSI systems". And I know that it comes down to Company
policy.. but many companies, incl. mine, do not have a prescriptive policy.
[Link] 1/5
6/15/2014 Process Isolation Guidelines - Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas - [Link] Community
What are the advantages of DBB over (1) Valve and Spade/Blind or (2) removal of a spool piece and blind installtion? I can't
see that it is a more effective positive isolation, seems to me installation of a blind is. Is the advantage because higher pressure
piping systems become too bulky for blind installtion ?
Please don't ask me to google it, I have not been satisfied by the search results.
Posted 14 March 2007 07:48 AM
Sandeep01
Hello Adam
To start with, DBB is not positive isolation. Spade/blind or removal of a spool piece are examples of positive isolation.
Now, on positive isolation, which of the above two methods is used depends on the operating philosophy. Some feel better to
see a piece of spool "missing" before, say vessel entry. They may be sceptical about an operator not properly assessing the
spade position.
On DBB, you would require DBB between a live system and a flange you may wish to break (above a certain pressure
rating/operating pressure), for example to install a blind and achieve positive isolation. DBB should not be used as a "long
term" means of isolation and where vessel entry, or similar scenarios, are involved. As to guidelines, I would refrain from
guiding you to any specific company (majors) guidelines, as all have been developed with years of experience going in to it.
Regards
Sandeep
Posted 14 March 2007 09:05 AM
Art Montemayor
Adam:
You are asking a legitimate and “hard” engineering question. It isn’t “hard” to answer; it begs a hard, factual, personal
answer. And I like it like that because there is no “easy” answer.
After 47 years in engineering, I’ve arrived at a pointwhere I have developed firm and stern engineering positions –
especially where it concerns Human Safety. I would address your basic query with a question: Would you enter a
confined space – such as the 15th tray on a 30 tray distillation tower knowing that only a doubleblockand –bleed (D
B+B ) arrangement on all connected process nozzles stands between you successfully getting out alive? Or would you
demand that an “airbreak” – a completely, total disassembly of all inlet and outlet nozzles be done complete with their
being 100% blinded and physically separated from the column? I think you would rest much better if you had the latter.
And that, I believe, is the essence of your query. A DB+B arrangement is not bad if it is used to segregate benign streams
from physically coming into contact and mixing. However, in my opinion, it is a potential hazard when used to protect
human beings from a potential fatal hazard.
Having said that, I believe all professional engineers realize that we are constantly pressured by the economics of an
operation when operating a processing unit. We have to rely on our organizations to cooperate in ensuring that our
personnel’s safety is always at the forefront. A DB+B may be much less expensive to impose on a turnaround and may
be the system of choice for some companies. If so, I would work diligently to change that policy if I were employed by
them. I would also, at the same time, demand a 100% control on all maintenance blind flanges used to secure a complete
process isolation. This means that a qualified and experienced engineer is used to design and make sure that the correct
blinds are always used on the corresponding processes. I have found that this is also an area of potential errors or stupid
mistakes.
To answer your direct questions:
1. The only advantage of a DB+B arrangement over an air break is probably economic.
2. The advantage is not because higher pressure piping systems become too bulky for blind installations.
I hope this response addresses your concerns and strengthens your resolve.
Posted 17 March 2007 04:07 AM
Guest_curiousAdam_*
Thankyou for your answers, that does answer my question about DBB for positive isolation. Some follow up questions:
[Link] 2/5
6/15/2014 Process Isolation Guidelines - Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas - [Link] Community
Positive isolation is obviously required for confined space/vessel entry. What about for maintenance of rotating equipment
where the adjacent (parallel) rotating equipment is operating should positive isolation be applied or is just isolation (valve
closure + tagging etc) sufficient ?
Where positive isolation is not called for, under what conditions should DBB be applied instead of a single block and bleed? I
struggle to see why two valves are better than one. Seems to me that when a valve has been closed and proven to have seated
and sealed correctly (i.e. using bleed) that, short of the valve spontaneously destructing ( which I would have thought would be
extremely remote), the isolation is dependable.
What do you think ?
Posted 17 March 2007 09:14 AM
Art Montemayor
Adam:
It's not about the valve(s) spontaneously opening on their own. It's all about YOU and other human beings coming by and
accidently or stupidly opening or moving the valve handle. This is a HUMAN factor, not a mechanical factor.
These are important Hazop issues and if you haven't participated in one, then you should start to groom your thoughts to
taking part in one. Operating a plant or process does not only involve the design and control of machinery. It also involves
the selection, training, and control of human operators. And that is where the big problem raises its head! Controlling
the mechanical and physical components is the easiest portion! Sometimes, depending on the process, simple vibration and
harmonic effects in the machinery can crack a ball valve open.
D+B &B valves are important to ensure that a critical fluid doesn't escape or migrate out of one of the valves in the
configuration. The "bleed" valve is the one that maintains a monitoring over that effect. For a critical separation between
fluids, three valves are indeed better than one.
I hope the above addresses your concerns. Your questions are valid; I think your exposure to critical and toxic fluids is
limited, however, and that will change with time and exposure.
Keep up the curiousity and always challenge the engineering behind an application. If the engineering is sound, there will
be sound answers to your concerns.
Posted 21 March 2007 09:34 AM
vicini
The double block and bleed allows the operator or maintenance people to monitor and positively assure that the valve does
not leak not even one gram of the fluid into the area they are working, it is not for a spontaneous failure. ALL valves leak!! The
DBB arrange it used wher the designer knows the system will have to be shutdown and oped up for repairs , like pumps,
compressor, catalyst beds, exchangers that foul, ect. Distillation towers may never be looked at, so DBB valves are not
specified. As stated, most PHA's will identify where they should be included. There is no law, rule, standard that madates
under severe penalties, the designer and operations/maintenance people can give guidance.
Posted 25 March 2007 11:55 PM
Guest_curiousAdam_*
I'm going to attempt to answer my own question based on my own review of what is generally accepted:
DBB is positive isolation, but it is the lowest form
DBB is not acceptable as positive isolation for confined space entry such as vessels
DBB is acceptable for positive isolation of equipment installed in parrallel, where it is intended to take one of the
equipment offline for maintenace while the parallel equipment is running and the maintence is relatively frequent and
short term nominally more than annual freq less than 24 hr duration. Pumps and Compressors are examples of such
equipment. The principal advantage is that the system may be positively isolated quickly, as opposed to blind
installation.
DBB should not be used for long term isolation nominally more than 24 hours
As for PHA's HAZOPs etc. I have had a good few years in the business and have worked with many operators all over the
world. My experience is PHAs are not objective. Approachs to PHAs, Isolation Philosophy, Safeguarding are widely varying.
People generally support what they have previously been exposed to many have only worked for one company and are not
[Link] 3/5
6/15/2014 Process Isolation Guidelines - Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas - [Link] Community
aware of other approaches. Witness the high acceptance of instrumented shutdown systems in place of relief valves in Europe
as opposed to the US.
Posted 24 June 2010 08:16 AM
djack77494
The "search" function brought me to this old thread, so I apologize if the interest has been lost.
I take issue with the first "bullet point". DBB is NOT positive isolation. It is the principle alternative to positive isolation which
is valved isolation. The other bullet points are basically opinions and local practices, so I have no issues with them except for
the linkages between positive isolation and DBB. I would like to point out, however, that positive isolation, in the form of a
spectacle blind, spade and spacer, dropout spool, swing elbow, etc., generally is located within valved isolation. The valving
isolates the process and allows containment to be broken at a set(s) of flanges so that positive isolation may be implemented.
Posted 01 July 2010 09:44 AM
SafetyUser
Hi Adam
can find some guides in this fundamental
"The safe isolation of plant and equipment" HSE UK, 2006
ps_ why don't suggest your Company HSE to charge of this policy ...
Posted 16 July 2010 02:39 PM
PKS
'djack77494', on 24 Jun 2010 3:26 PM, said:
The "search" function brought me to this old thread, so I apologize if the interest has been lost.
I take issue with the first "bullet point". DBB is NOT positive isolation. It is the principle alternative to positive isolation which is valved
isolation. The other bullet points are basically opinions and local practices, so I have no issues with them except for the linkages between
positive isolation and DBB. I would like to point out, however, that positive isolation, in the form of a spectacle blind, spade and spacer, drop
out spool, swing elbow, etc., generally is located within valved isolation. The valving isolates the process and allows containment to be broken
at a set(s) of flanges so that positive isolation may be implemented.
I agree.
Double Block and bleed is helpful and ensure us to know if the first isolation valve is passing. the bleed is opened to check for
the passing. The second isolation valve helps to hold the fluid. That's it. When it comes at positive isolation, a spectacle blind
is provided between the two.
PKS
Posted 18 July 2010 12:04 PM
Toor
'djack77494', on 24 Jun 2010 3:26 PM, said:
The "search" function brought me to this old thread, so I apologize if the interest has been lost.
I take issue with the first "bullet point". DBB is NOT positive isolation. It is the principle alternative to positive isolation which is valved
isolation. The other bullet points are basically opinions and local practices, so I have no issues with them except for the linkages between
positive isolation and DBB. I would like to point out, however, that positive isolation, in the form of a spectacle blind, spade and spacer, drop
out spool, swing elbow, etc., generally is located within valved isolation. The valving isolates the process and allows containment to be broken
at a set(s) of flanges so that positive isolation may be implemented.
Doug,
DBB is mostly being used in compressor suctions and for double confirmation of positive isolation, if 1st isolation valve is
passing and the bleed valve will not allow pressurize the spool of pipe.
Indeed DBB is Personel and equipment safety and MR. art explained will in his reply.
Toor
Posted 20 July 2010 03:57 PM
djack77494
Toor,
We are in agreement. I did not intend to "shortchange" the utility of a DBB isolation. I did intend to state that, by definition,
DBB is not considered positive isolation. Nonetheless, you can think of DBB as "a good quality isolation" that is often
adequate.
[Link] 4/5
6/15/2014 Process Isolation Guidelines - Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas - [Link] Community
Posted 28 February 2012 02:23 AM
Zubair Exclaim
i would just like to add that some companies even require ADBB isolation on pumps as well.
There have been incidents with pump casing under repair and valve inadvertantly opened with liquid at its auto ignition
temperatures , catching fire instantly. I guess fluid flash / fire point conditions if achieved in operation should also be
considered with online maintenance of rotary eqps
Edited by Exclamation, 28 February 2012 02:24 AM.
Posted 29 February 2012 01:55 PM
Robert Montoya
'vicini', on 21 Mar 2007 4:44 PM, said:
The double block and bleed allows the operator or maintenance people to monitor and positively assure that the valve does not leak not even
one gram of the fluid into the area they are working, it is not for a spontaneous failure. ALL valves leak!! The DBB arrange it used wher the
designer knows the system will have to be shutdown and oped up for repairs , like pumps, compressor, catalyst beds, exchangers that foul, ect.
Distillation towers may never be looked at, so DBB valves are not specified. As stated, most PHA's will identify where they should be included.
There is no law, rule, standard that madates under severe penalties, the designer and operations/maintenance people can give guidance.
I totally agree with vicini, In pumps, sampling on pipes, etc. maintenance is very common, often there is no impact upstream
or downstream in production, as we all valves passing along the time and additional valve which are generally balltype to
provide sealing, provide safety during the maintenance and further during the normal operating due that the first valve is
normally open.
Actually in pumps maintenance is frecuently used a ball valve followed by a bleed valve then the figure 8 blind (closed) and
finally the second valve closed.
Back to Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas
Type Of Isolation Valve (Ball / Gate) 4 replies Today, 01:54 AM
Started by Guest_shekhar dhuri_* , Yesterday, 07:52 AM 59 views
04 Jun 2014
Help: Biodiesel From Cpo OffGrade (High Ffa) Process Simulation 0 replies
Started by Guest_karna bratha_* , 04 Jun 2014 80 views
Psv Upstream Isolation Valves 6 replies 04 Jun 2014
Started by Guest_shekhar dhuri_* , 03 Jun 2014 260 views
Process Control 1 reply 03 Jun 2014
Started by Guest_cjmac_* , 26 May 2014 180 views
Adding Componenets For ReRefining Process Of Used Lubricant Oil In As 0 replies 28 May 2014
Started by Guest_Fadhilah Usman_* , 28 May 2014 124 views
[Link] Community → Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas → Refining, Hydrocarbons, Oil, and Gas
[Link] 5/5