1

Chapter I

The Problem and its Setting

Introduction

Technology proficiency is the ability to use technology to

communicate effectively and professionally, organize information,

produce high-quality products, and enhance thinking skill. In

classroom settings, technology proficiency refers to the ability

of teachers to integrate technology to teach, facilitate, and

improve learning, productivity, and performance. These abilities

are needed to participate in a technological world.

As time passed by, new programs that also deals with

educational purposes occurred. Just for example is the Microsoft

there are a lot of things which you can do with it, you can

typewrite virtual documents and presentations with it.

Technology proficiency will guide teachers to encounter and

explore a wide variety of technological devices in order to have

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the possibility to know and choose those that best respond to

teaching content and pedagogical aims. Basic proficiency in

information technologies among teachers is typically used to

communicate electronically, organize activities and information,

and create documents in schools or higher education institutions.

Technology refers to methods, systems, and devices which are

the result of scientific knowledge being used for

practical purposes. Through time technology became a great asset

of evolution into humankind especially into our education.

Technology with the collaboration of education became a stepping

stone for the new discoveries and knowledge for our daily needs.

Statement of the problem

This study aims to know the Proficiency of the Grade-9

Students in Utilizing Computers 2010 in Puerto Galera Academy.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:

1. Are the Grade 9 students in Puerto Galera Academy can utilize

computers from 2010?

1.1 In terms of knowledge on computers

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1.2 In terms of skill on computers

2. What are the factors that affects the proficiency of the

Grade-9 student in utilizing computers 2010 in Puerto Galera

Academy?

2.1 In terms of knowledge on computers

2.2 In terms of skill on computers

Statement of the Hypothesis

Grade-9 Students of Puerto Galera Academy are not proficient

in utilizing computers in terms of knowledge and skill on

computers.

Significance of the Study

The researcher believed that the gathered data and

information of this study would be beneficial to the students,

teachers, parents and future researchers with their topic related

to that of the researcher.

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For students. This research will give enough information

about the importance of the proficiency in utilizing computers and

other applications within it for their educational needs.

For teachers. This research will give teachers great

perception on how much will it helps their students and the

teachers themselves if their students’ proficiency in utilizing

Computers are above average level.

For parents. This research will give parents enough

information on what the real and right use of technology are and

the use of the programs in it.

For future researchers. The results of this research could

help other researchers with their topic related to that of the

researcher. They can make this study as a basis and support for

their own research and source of information.

Conceptual Framework

“Proficiency of Grade 9 Students in Utilizing

Computers in Puerto Galera Academy”

”
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Proficiency of Grade 9 Factors that affects the

Students in Utilizing Computers proficiency of the Grade-9 student in

in Puerto Galera Academy utilizing computers 2010 in Puerto

Academics in terms of: Galera Academy in terms of:

 Knowledge on computers  Knowledge on computers

 Skill on computers  Skill on computers

Figure I described the conceptual idea of the study

highlighting diverse variables. As shown, first box contains

Proficiency of Grade 9 Students in Utilizing Computers in Puerto

Galera Academy Academics in terms of: knowledge on computers and

skill on computers.

On the other hand, the second box contains the Factors that

affects the proficiency of the Grade-9 student in utilizing

computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms of: knowledge on

computers and skill on computers.

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Theoretical Framework

According to John Ronghua Ouyang, Nile Stanley, 2014 since

the 20th century, some major educational theories, such as

Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism and Multiple

Intelligence, have been widely implemented in education, greatly

linked to the development and utilization of the educational

technology. Ivan Pavlov (1949-1936), Russian biologist and

psychologist, innovated behaviorism, Edward Thorndike (1874-1949),

American educator and psychologist of Columbia University and

Burrhus Frederic Skinner (1904-1990), one of the founders of

American new behaviorism, further developed the behavior theory.

Theory of Behaviorism. Behaviorists believe external

stimulation influences one’s leaning behavior, rewards and

punishment can change one’s learning performance. Researchers and

scholars confirmed that Behaviorism has greatly promoted and

effectively implemented in programmatic instruction and has

strongly promoted and widely applied in computing-assisted-

instruction and the development of educational technology.

Educators recognize the need to increase the proficiency skill

levels of all students pertaining to information technology. Most

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courses now strive to incorporate information technology into all

aspects of the learning continuum. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB)

Act of 2001 requires assessments in order for U.S. kindergarten

through twelfth grade (K-12) school systems to receive federal

funding (No Child Left Behind [NCLB], 2008). In North Carolina,

starting with the Class of 2001, students are required to pass a

computer literacy assessment in order to complete twelfth grade

and graduate from high school (North Carolina Online Test of

Computer Skills, 2007).

Therefore, it is assumed that every student in North Carolina

entering college has some basic computer proficiency skills.

technology in learning often encourage learners’ participation,

provide learners with immediate feedback and necessary help, and

support learners with different learning needs.

Script Theory. Script Theory originally intended to explain

language processing and deepen thinking skills. Later, this theory

is used to explain story-comprehension steps, becomes

contributable to the scope of cognitive linguistics. Although this

theory emphasizes that people have their memorizing fragments

which are related to a person’s experience, people’s memorizing

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fragments, or memorization “scripts” have a commonality, and this

commonality can help people enhance their memorization. “Plots”

are the basic elements of script theory. This theory has greatly

influenced many computing programs’ design, software development

and organization of instruction.

Situated Cognition Theory. This theory puts forward that a

person’s cognitive development is of its own specific environment.

That means one’s leaning effectiveness is closely correlated with

his or her learning activities, learning contents, and cultural

background. Context is associated with whole situation,

background, or environment. In other words, context refers to a

person’s social environment in which one’s certain activity occurs

and is a necessity of one’s social behavior. This theory emphasizes

the influence of community life and social practice on one’s

cognitive development. In the fields of educational technology,

this theory is mostly applied in educational games’ design and

development, scenario simulation and so on. Symbol System Theory

is proposed by Gavriel Saloman, an educational psychologist, to

explain the different media influences on learning. Saloman

believes different media symbol system impact media information

delivery and learning effectiveness. The core of the symbol systems

theory is that whether a media can effectively help effective

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learning depends on the degree of matching between the symbol

systems and learners’ learning contents and activities.

Symbol System Theory. It has laid a theoretical foundation

for the development and application of multimedia computation.

Educational technology is an interdisciplinary science to improve

the instruction of a specific discipline, therefore, is subjected

to the guidance and influence of various theories. According to

the research, each theory has its own value of existence, belongs

to a certain social domain, but no one theory can be taken as the

best one (Ouyang and Zhao, 2007). In the discussion of which

theory, we should follow and apply it in the development and

implementation of the educational technology in schools, we should

only relate it to the basic connotation of a theory. More

important, we should put more attention on the significance of a

theory to improve the effectiveness of specific subject teaching

and students’ learning practice (Issorff & Scanlon, 2002).

Scope and Delimitations

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The researcher’s data collected regarding the study of

“Grade-9 Student’s Proficiency on Utilizing Computers Puerto

Galera Academy must be only done inside Puerto Galera Academy and

all pf the respondents must be the said students inside the

school’s premises.

Definitions of Terms

To comprehend some unfamiliar words and phrases in this study,

the following terms were defined.

Computer. Is a product of technology which is useful in

different works specially in school.

Grade-9 students. Are the participants for this research in

proficiency in computers 2010.

Proficiency. Pertains to the ability and skill of the students

in using computers.

Technology. Is one of the great inventions of mankind which

is currently use in everyday life.

Utilize. Relates to the use of the students in computers.

Chapter II

Review on Related Literatures and Studies

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The summary of the literatures which was synthesized by the

researchers from various local and foreign literature and studies

which had given significance to the study regarding the Proficiency

of Grade 9 Students in Utilizing Computers in Puerto Galera

Academy:

Foreign Studies

There are lots of studies that seek to compare different

variables to technology proficiency. McCoy (2010), in her study on

college students’ self-efficacy and technology proficiency did not

find significant relation between the two variables. However,

Hare, Howard and Pope (2002) reported that pre-service teachers’

self-confidence level increased when faculty demonstrated the use

of technology tools in their methodology classes. Morales, Knezek,

and Christensen (2008), in a comparative study, concluded that

teachers in Texas perceived themselves as having higher technology

proficiency than their counterparts in Mexico.

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Foreign Literature

Proficiency in using technological devices can be achieved

through experience and instruction. It is a necessary condition to

introduce, experiment with, and maintain an accessible

technological tool for teaching practices. Technology proficiency

in fact seems relevant for many aspects of the teaching profession,

such as lesson preparation. Other aspects that impact teacher

decisions to introduce technology into classroom activities are

beliefs about the way the subject should be taught, and skills

associated with competence in managing classroom activities.

Teachers must be able to apply the technology knowledge and skills

required in their professional job role and responsibilities in

order to achieve the expected outputs.

Local Literature

According to Maria Melizza D. Tan (2006), computer plays an

important role today and facilitate a lot of changes and

improvements to make our lives more convenient, efficient, fun,

exciting. Banks and other financial institutions use computers to

provide fast and accurate online services, conduct research,

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manage simulations and develop new technologies. Media

practitioners use computers to produce up to date publications,

games, movies and animation. In school, these are used for

computer-aided instruction, interactive e-learning modules, term

papers, laboratory reports, multimedia presentations, grade

computations, and distance learning. And the list goes on.

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Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodology worked by the

researcher in analyzing and interpreting the data pertaining to

the study.

Research Design

The researcher applied a qualitative and quantitative method

of research that aided to distinguish the precise measurement and

answers about the Proficiency of Grade 9 Students in Utilizing

Computers in Puerto Galera Academy.

The researcher used this method as he believed that it is the

suitable method for a better interpretation of data and

comprehensive study. This would also help best in analyzing the

data given by the participants in this research.

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Research Locale

This study was held at Puerto Galera Academy at Población,

Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro. Puerto Galera Academy was one of

the Parochial Schools established in Mindoro by the missionary

priest.

Respondents of the Study

Twenty (20) students from Grade 9 from Puerto Galera Academy

were asked to fill the questionnaire/survey form to get the

information that the researcher needed.

Research Instrument

The instrument used in the study was a self-made questionnaire

form by the researcher. This was divided in to two parts. The first

part was made for Grade 9 students which asked about Proficiency

in Utilizing Computers 2010 in Puerto Galera Academy.

1.1 In terms of knowledge on computers

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1.2 In terms of skill on computers

The second part of the questionnaire was also for Grade 9

students which asked about the factors that affects the proficiency

in utilizing computers.

2.1 In terms of knowledge on computers

2.2 In terms of skill on computers

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher personally distributed the survey

questionnaire particularly to Grade 9 Students of Puerto Galera

Academy wherein the respondents were also assisted by the

researchers when they needed clarification about the questionnaire

after getting the approval.

Scaling and Quantification of Data

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A five-point rating scale was used on the first part of the

questionnaire. All statements were answered by the respondents. To

describe this, the researcher used the table below.

Scaling and Quantification

A five-point rating scale will be used on the first part of

the questionnaire. To describe this, the researcher used the table

below.

Numerical Scale Description

5.00 Strongly Agree

4.00 – 4.99 Agree

3.00 – 3.99 Neutral

2.00– 2.99 Disagree

0 – 1.99 Strongly Disagree

Statistical Treatment of Data

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Numerical Scale Description

3.00 – 3.99 Disagree

2.00– 2.99 Neutral

0 – 1.99 Agree

The researcher employed different formulas in the study for

it to be valid, reliable and accurate.

1. The mean or averaging are employed in the survey

questionnaire that determined the proficiency of Grade 9

students from Puerto Galera Academy in Utilizing computers

2010.

2. The formula for mean is

Σx
Mean
n

Where‫׃‬

Σx
-is the summation of the raw data
n

n –is the number of the respondents

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CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents, analyzes, and interprets the data

findings based on the specific problems and null hypothesis that

are set at the outset of the study.

Table 1

Mean perception regarding proficiency of Grade-9 students in

utilizing computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms of skills on

computer.

Statistics
SKILLSMEAN SKILLSMEAN

Cumulative
N Valid 20 Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Missing 0 Valid 2.00 1 5.0 5.0 5.0
Mean 3.3375 2.25 1 5.0 5.0 10.0
Median 3.5000 2.50 1 5.0 5.0 15.0
Mode 3.75
2.75 1 5.0 5.0 20.0

3.00 1 5.0 5.0 25.0

3.25 2 10.0 10.0 35.0

3.50 5 25.0 25.0 60.0

3.75 7 35.0 35.0 95.0

4.00 1 5.0 5.0 100.0

Total 20 100.0 100.0
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Table 1 presented the mean perception regarding proficiency

of Grade-9 students in utilizing computers in Puerto Galera Academy

in terms of skills on computer. As gathered from the table, the

statement “I can turn on and off the computer.” is described as

Agree which has a mean score of 4. Furthermore, the statement “I

can install important application in computer.” is labelled as

Disagree which has a mean score of 2.6. The overall mean score of

3.3375 reveals that the respondents have positive insight about

proficiency of Grade-9 students in utilizing computers in Puerto

Galera Academy in terms of skills on computer.

Moreover, the researcher also acquired the Mean perception

regarding proficiency of Grade-9 students in utilizing computers

in Puerto Galera Academy in terms of knowledge on computers.

Table 2
Mean perception regarding proficiency of Grade-9 students in

utilizing computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms of knowledge

on computer.

Statistics

SKILLSMEAN KNOWLEDGEMEAN
N Valid 20 20

Missing 0 0
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Mean 3.3375 3.0750

Median 3.5000 3.1250
Mode 3.75 3.00a

KNOWLEDGEMEAN

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 1.75 1 5.0 5.0 5.0

2.25 2 10.0 10.0 15.0

2.75 2 10.0 10.0 25.0

3.00 5 25.0 25.0 50.0

3.25 3 15.0 15.0 65.0

3.50 5 25.0 25.0 90.0

3.75 2 10.0 10.0 100.0

Total 20 100.0 100.0

Table 2 presents the mean perception regarding proficiency of

Grade-9 students in utilizing computers in Puerto Galera Academy

in terms of knowledge on computers.

As shown from the table, the statement “I know how to change

screensaver, background, themes, fonts and lock screen of a

computer.” is described as Neutral which has a mean score of 3.7.

Moreover, the statement I know to shut down a computer by just

using the command prompt program.” is labelled Disagree which has

a mean score of 2.2. The overall mean score of the results which

is 3.0750 exposed that the respondents have positive insights

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proficiency of Grade-9 students in utilizing computers in Puerto

Galera Academy in terms of knowledge on computers.

Table 3
Overall mean perception regarding proficiency of Grade-9
students in utilizing computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms
of skills and knowledge on computer.

OVERALLMEAN

Statistics Cumulative
OVERALLMEAN Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
N Valid 20 Valid 2.13 2 10.0 10.0 10.0
Missing 0 2.25 1 5.0 5.0 15.0
Mean 3.2063 2.88 1 5.0 5.0 20.0
Median 3.3750 3.00 1 5.0 5.0 25.0
Mode 3.50
3.13 1 5.0 5.0 30.0

3.25 3 15.0 15.0 45.0

3.38 3 15.0 15.0 60.0

3.50 4 20.0 20.0 80.0

3.63 3 15.0 15.0 95.0

3.88 1 5.0 5.0 100.0

Total 20 100.0 100.0

Table 3 showed the overall mean perception regarding

proficiency of Grade-9 students in utilizing computers in Puerto
Galera Academy in terms of skills on computer which has an overall
mean of 3.2063.
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Table 4 and 5
Mean perception regarding the factors that affects the
proficiency of Grade-9 students in utilizing computers in Puerto
Galera Academy in terms of skills on computer.

Statistics

FACTORSKILL FACTORKNOWLEDGE
MEAN MEAN

N Valid 20 20

Missing 0 0
Mean 1.5750 1.5250
Median 1.5000 1.5000
Mode 1.50 1.50

FACTORSKILLMEAN

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 1.00 4 20.0 20.0 20.0

1.50 9 45.0 45.0 65.0

2.00 7 35.0 35.0 100.0

Total 20 100.0 100.0

As revealed from the table 4 and 5, the factors given is expressed as Agree and has the

mean of 1.5750 in factors that affect the skill. Furthermore, the knowledge factor, has a mean of

1.5250 was also conveyed as Agree.

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Table 6
Mean perception regarding the overall mean factors that
affects the proficiency of Grade-9 students in utilizing computers
in Puerto Galera Academy in terms of skills on computer.

Statistics
OVERALLFACTORMEAN

N Valid 20

Missing 0
Mean 1.5500
Median 1.5000
Mode 1.50

OVERALLFACTORMEAN

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 1.00 1 5.0 5.0 5.0

1.25 3 15.0 15.0 20.0

1.50 9 45.0 45.0 65.0

1.75 5 25.0 25.0 90.0

2.00 2 10.0 10.0 100.0

Total 20 100.0 100.0

Table 6 showed the overall mean of factors that affect the

proficiency of Grade-9 students in utilizing computers in Puerto
Galera Academy in terms of skills and knowledge on computer which
has an overall mean of 1.55.
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CHAPTER V

SUMMARYOF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions

and recommendations derived from the gathered, analyzed and

interpreted data by the researchers.

Summary of Findings

1. Grade 9 students in Puerto Galera Academy can utilize

computers 2010:

1.1 In terms of knowledge on computers

The findings reveal that the respondents have positive

insight towards the Proficiency of Grade 9 Students in Utilizing

Computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms of knowledge on

computers, showed by the overall mean score of 3.0750.

1.2 In terms of skill on computers

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The findings reveal that the respondents have positive

insight towards the Proficiency of Grade 9 Students in Utilizing

Computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms of skill on computers,

showed by the overall mean of 3.33.

2. Factors that affects the proficiency of the Grade-9 student

in utilizing computers 2010 in Puerto Galera Academy:

2.1 In terms of knowledge on computers

The findings reveal that the respondents have positive

insight towards the factors that affect the Proficiency of Grade

9 Students in Utilizing Computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms

of skill on computers, showed by the overall mean of 1.5250.

2.2 In terms of skill on computers

The findings reveal that the respondents have positive

insight towards the factors that affect Proficiency of Grade 9

Students in Utilizing Computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms

of skill on computers, showed by the overall mean of 1.5750.

3. In terrms on attitudes and behaviours that a computer literate

person should have.
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The findings reveal that the respondents have positive insights

towards what kinds of attitude and characteristics that a computer

literate person should have that affect Proficciency of Grade 9

Students in Utilizing Computers in Puerto Galera Academy in terms

of behaviour and moral knowledge in using computers.

Conclusion

The researcher thereforee conclude that the “Grade-9

Stundent’s proficiency in utillizing computers are on the average

level and most of the students are all computer literate for they

know what kinds of characterisitics and attitudes that a computer

literate person should have

Recommendation

The researchers recommends that the ICT teachers and their

Co-Teachers should continue pursuing to teach students more about

utilizing computers and other usage for it.

And also the reseacher believes that the information

regarding this reasearch are all factual and concrete and for the

future researchers, they can make this research as basis of

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information for their own research for as long as the researcher’s

work is cited properly

The researcher’s recommendation for the parents is to give

their children’s discipline in using comouters for the researcher

believes that their child/ren are the futures of the technological

advance world.

The researcher’s recommendatuons for the students are, to

keep the proper use of computers and the applications or programs

within it to keep the mindset and perceptions of their parents

with regards to the use computers positive.

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Apostolic Vicariate of Calapan Parochial Schools

Puerto Galera Academy
Poblacion, Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro
Senior High School

Questionnaire

NAME (OPTIONAL): AGE:

YEAR&SECTION: GENDER:

1. Some ways to utilize computers.

Ways to utilize computers 4 3 2 1

1. I can turn on and off the computer.

2. I can install important application in computer.

3. I know the different parts of the computer.

4. I know how to change screen saver, background, themes,

fonts and lock screen of a computer.

5. I know how to use the Microsoft word, Microsoft ppt

and Microsoft excel.

6. I can easily surf the internet using computer to do

my homework.

7.I can set and remove a security pass in a computer.

8. I know to shut down a computer by just using the

command prompt program.
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2. Factors that affects the proficiency of the Grade-9 student in utilizing

computers 2010.

1. Do you own any computer of laptop?

Yes_ No_
2. How often do you use computers?
Often_ Sometimes_ Never_
3. Do you know how to use the different commands in computer?
Yes_ No_
4. Do your teacher in ICT taught you everything you need to know in ICT?
Yes_ No_
5. Choose among the following applications/programs that you are
proficient in utilizing in:
 Adobe CS3
 Adobe Phtoshop CS3/CS6
 Microsoft Word 2007, 2010, 2016, 2018
 Microsoft Powerpoint 2007, 2010, 2016, 2018
 Microsoft Excel 2007, 2010, 2016, 2017
6. Give some attitudes/ characteristics that a computer literate person
should have:

__________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________.

Signature
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