Ang Talambuhay ni Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (German: [ˈadɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ] (
listen); 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German
politician and leader of the Nazi Party. He rose to
power as the chancellor of Germany in 1933, and
as Führer in 1934.[a] During his dictatorship from
1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in
Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939.
He was closely involved in military operations
throughout the war and was central to the
perpetration of the Holocaust. Hitler's actions and
ideology are almost universally regarded as evil.
According to historian Ian Kershaw, "Never in
history has such ruination—physical and moral—
been associated with the name of one man."[4]
Hitler was born in Austria—then part
of Austria-Hungary—and was raised near Linz. He
moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated
during his service in the German Army in World War I. In 1919, he joined the German Workers'
Party (DAP), the precursor of the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In
1923, he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned. In jail, he
dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My
Struggle").
After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of
Versailles andpromoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism and anti
communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda..
By November 1932, the Nazi Party had the most seats in the German Reichstag, but did
not have a majority, and no party was able to form a majority parliamentary coalition in support
of a candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz von Papen and other conservative
leaders persuaded President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January
1933. Shortly after, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933, which began the process of
transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on
the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism.
Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what
he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and
France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great
Depression, the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the
annexation of territories inhabited by millions of ethnic Germans, which gave him significant
popular support.
Hitler sought Lebensraum ("living space") for the German people in Eastern Europe, and
his aggressive foreign policy is considered the primary cause of World War II in Europe. He
directed large-scale rearmament and, on 1 September 1939, invaded Poland, resulting in Britain
and France declaring war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet
Union. By the end of 1941, German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of
Europe and North Africa. These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945
the Allied armies defeated the German army. On 29 April 1945, he married his longtime
lover Eva Braun. Less than two days later, the couple committed suicide to avoid capture by the
Soviet Red Army; their corpses were burned.
Under Hitler's leadership and racially motivated ideology, the Nazi regime was
responsible for the genocide of at least 5.5 million Jews and millions of other victims whom he
and his followers deemed Untermenschen (subhumans) or socially undesirable. Hitler and the
Nazi regime were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and
prisoners of war. In addition, 28.7 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of military action
in the European theatre. The number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented
in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history.