A comparative assessment of Community Fire Safety Initiatives in UK and Tanzania

A student
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL LANCASHIRE

Introduction Methods Findings Conclusions

• Community fire safety programs have been the main factor
• Evaluative case study research design have been used Challenges 1. This study aimed assessing the community fire safety
to examine the community fire safety initiatives in UK. • Literacy rate
for the 50% decline of dwelling fires and resulting fatalities • Socio‐economic challenges like low income and lack of initiatives in with the main focus of seeing the possibility of
• Data sources were internet, books, published journals,
in UK in the 50 years ago (1). safety cultures in the community improving community fire safety in Tanzania by learning
articles and government official statistics bureaus. • Housing quality and standards
from UK.
• Unlike the UK, the number of dwelling Fires and fatalities • Collected data have been analysed by using the content • Lack of strict Fire laws and regulations
are increasing in Tanzania recently due to rapid expansion • Lack of Funding 2. Though there are challenges expected to limit the
analysis
• Insufficient Human Resources for fire fighting
of human settlements and cities (Fig 1) (1). implementation of the initiatives identified by this study, it is
Study area believed that the community engagement model (fig. 2)
• It is argued that community fire safety initiatives, formulated Ways forward: Proposed initiatives
• The UK fire and rescue service has been used in established and the partnership collaboration among the
and implemented in collaboration with the local community This study formulate a community engagement model (Fig.
through structured community engagement programs will this study due to the success of its community community safety stakeholders like police, fire authorities,
2) which will help to improve the community fire safety in
enhance the community fire safety in Tanzania (2). fire safety initiatives over time as indicated in Fig. local governments, and non-governmental organizations
Tanzania. Its sections are as follows
1 where the dwelling fires have declined by fifty will help to realize the targets of community fire safety
• With the financial challenges facing the fire fighting in • Planning is the role of the community fire safety section improvement in Tanzania.
Tanzania since 2013 (Table 1), the community engagement percent in the previous ten year.
at the head quarter of the force
is argued to be the mediate solution. 3. It is cheap to prevent fire than to protect it, so it is argued
• While Tanzania has been chosen due to its • Strategies to be formulated at the regional level in
.
Fig. 1: Number of fire Incidents between 2011‐ that, the Tanzania fire and services have to change its
recent expansion of human settlements and collaboration with other stakeholders
80 2015 (‘000) UK and Tanzania philosophy of fire fighting to fire prevention.
cities which require proper planning and care in • Implementation, monitoring and evaluation are the role
60
order to ensure the safety of the community is of all stakeholders and the local communities.
40
20 prioritized especially fire prevention measure. Figure 2: Community engagement Model References
0
Planning
• Also Tanzania is experiencing the increase of (Fire Head quarters) 1. AL-NAMMARI, F. and ALZAGHAL, M., 2015. Towards local
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
dwelling fires, unlike the UK, which threaten the disaster risk reduction in developing countries: Challenges
UK Tanzania
Evaluation Strategies
life and the properties of the community. from Jordan. International Journal of Disaster Risk
Table 1: Budget cut offs since 2012/2013 financial year (TSHS) (Both) (Regional offices)
Reduction, 12, pp. 34-41.
Financial Approved Received Difference %ge
year Budget Fund received Conceptual Framework
2. Coty, M., McCammon, C., Lehna, C., Twyman, S. & Fahey,
2012/2013 10,000,000,000 7,000,000,000 3,000,000,000 70 • Community fire safety is guaranteed when the Monitoring Implementation
E. 2015, "Home fire safety beliefs and practices in homes of
(Both) (Local governments
2013/2014 35,350,960,000 19,955,739,500 15,395,220,500 57 responsible stakeholders work together to ensure
urban older adults", Geriatric nursing, vol. 36, no. 3, pp.
2014/2015 26,380,963,000 7,614,433,406 18,766,529,594 29 the causal factors for dwelling fires are kept 177-181
minimal or eradicated. This cab be realized by • Establishment of community fire safety committees
3. Omaki, E., Shields, W.C., Frattaroli, S., McDonald, E.,
Objectives of the study having pro active community fire risk assessment • Alternative sources Funding
Jones, V. & Gielen, A. 2016, "Six-month follow-up of lithium-
1. To evaluate and compare the UK and Tanzania community and control as shown in the following diagram. • Amendment of fire safety laws and regulations
battery smoke alarms and self-reported reasons for
fire safety legislations, policies and programmes co‐ordinated collaborative  • promotion of smoke alarm detectors (3) disabling", Injury Prevention, , pp. injuryprev-2015-041870.
causal factors partnerships
2. To identify the community fire safety initiatives used in the • partnership promotion of community fire safety with
4. Clare, J., Garis, L., Plecas, D. & Jennings, C. 2012,
UK and to see whether they can be adopted in Tanzania to Improved Community fire safety other emergency organizations like ambulance and
"Reduced frequency and severity of residential fires
improve community fire safety and rescue operations police.
community  following delivery of fire prevention education by on-duty fire
Dwelling fires safety
3. To identify challenges and the way forward in implementing
• Establishment of public Information centres and fighters: Cluster randomized controlled study", Journal of
the proposed community fire safety Initiatives in Tanzania statistics Safety Research, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 123-128.
pro‐active Community fire safety initiatives
(Community fire risk reduction strategies)  • Home safety checks(4)