Working Stress Method
√
Strength Method
Singly reinforced
{
√
( )
( √ )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
{
Doubly reinforced
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
T section
If T section
If L section
( )
However, ( )
( )
( √ )
( ) ( )( )
Shear
√
( )√
( )√
√
( )
{ √
{ √
Torsion
√ ( )
( )
√( ) ( ) ( √ )
( )
( ) ( )
√
( )
√
( )
Note that shall not be taken less than
Deflection
( ) ( ( ) )
One way slab
Deformed bars with
Deformed bars with ( )⁄
But not less than 0.0014
{
Tables
Sizes of reinforcing steel
Minimum live load value on slabs
Densities of different materials
Figures
Cracked and Un-cracked section Gross and Cracked moment of inertia
⁄
⁄( )
⁄
(√ )⁄
( ) ⁄ ( )
⁄
⁄( )
⁄
( ) ⁄
(√ ( ( )) ( ) ( ))⁄
( ) ⁄ ( ) ( ) ( )
⁄
⁄( ) ( )⁄
[( ) ]⁄ ( )
( ) ⁄ ⁄ ( ) ( )
( )
(√ ( ) ( ) ( ))⁄
( ) ⁄ ( ) ⁄ ( )
( ) ( )
⁄
⁄( ) ( )⁄
[( ) ]⁄ ( )
( ) ⁄ ⁄ ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ⁄
(√ ( ) ( ) ( ))⁄
( ) ⁄ ( ) ⁄ ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Structural analysis