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DATE————— : PERIOD. NAME ——
EXPERIMENT Archimedes’
1 Principle
Purpose
Investigate Archimedes’ principle and measure the buoyant force of a fluid.
Concept and Skill Check
Archimedes’ principle states that an object wholly or partially immersed in a fluid is buoyed up
by a net force equal to the weight of the fluid that it displaces, Fauoyant = Fweight of fui displaced
Recall that Fyeight of uid displaced = PiuidV aud dupiaced & Where p = density. When an object with
a density less than that of the fluid is submerged, it will sink only until it displaces a volume of fluid
with a weight equal to the weight of the object. At this time, the object is floating underwater,
equilibrium exists, and pjuidVauid displaced = PobjectVobject-
If the density of an object is greater than that of the fluid, an upward buoyant force from the
pressure of the fluid will acton the object, but the magnitude of the buoyant force will be too small
to balance the downward weight force of the denser material. While the object will sink, its
apparent weight decreases by an amount equivalent to the buoyant force.
In this experiment, you will investigate the buoyant force of water acting on an object. Recall that
1 ml of water has 4 mass of 1g and a weight of 0.01 N. The buoyant force acting on the object is
determined by finding the difference between the weight of the object in air and the weight of the
object when it is immersed in water and is given by the following equation:
Fouoyant = Fweight of mass in air ~ Fweight of mass in waters
Materials
500-mt beaker 500-g hooked mass polystyrene cup
spring scale, 5-N capacity or greater 100-g hooked mass paper towel
Procedure
1, Pour cool tap water into the 500-ml beaker to the 300-ml. mark. Carefully read the volume
from the gradations on the beaker and record this value in Table 1
2. Hang the 500-g mass from the spring scale. Measure the weight of the mass in air and record
this value in Table 1
3. Immerse the 500-g mass, suspended from the spring scale, in ct
the water, as shown in the figure, Do not let the mass reston the
bottom of the beaker or touch the sides of the beaker and keep
it suspended from the spring scale. Measure the weight of the
immersed mass and record this value in Table 1
4, Meastire the volume of the water with the mass immersed.
Recor the new volume reading in Table 1. Remove the 500-g
mass from the beaker and set it aside.
5. Measure and record in Table 2 the volume of water in the
beaker, Place the 100-g mass in the beaker of water. Measure
and record in Table 2 the volume of the water in the beaker
with the mass immersed.
6. The polystyrene cup will serveas a “boat.” Remove the mass ftom the water, dry itwith a paper
towel, and place it in the polystyrene cup. Float the cup in the beaker of water. Measure and
record in Table 2 the new volume of water,
Measure the weight of a
mass submerged in water.
omit 6 1992 by the Glencoe Dion ot Macmilan/MeGraw-H Publishing Company LABORATORY MANUAL 79 EXPERIMENT Archimedes’ NAME
Bl Principle
Observations and Data
Table 1
Weight of 500-g mass in ait
Weight of 500+g mass immersed in water
‘Volume of water in beaker
Volume of water in beaker with 500-g mass immersed
‘table 2 it
Volume of water in beaker
Volume of water with 100-g mass immersed
Volume of water with 100-g mass in polstyrene cup |
Analysis
1, Calculate the buoyant force of water acting on the 500-g mass.
Using the values from Table 1, calculate the volume of water displaced by the 500-g mass.
Calculate the weight of the water displaced. Compare the weight of the volume of water
displaced with the buoyant force acting on the immersed object that you calculated in
Question 1. If the values are different, describe sources of error to account for this difference.
3. What happened to the water level in the beaker when the 100-g mass was placed in the
polystyrene cup (boat)? Propose an explanation, which includes density, for any difference in
volume you found in Steps 5 and 6.
Application
Tim and Sally are floating on an inflatable raft in a swimming pool. What happens to the water
level in the pool if both fall off the raft and into the water?
80 LABORATORY MANUAL ‘Copyight © 1992 by the Glencoe Divion of Macmilan/McCraw¥il Publishing Company
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