CHAPTER II: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter addresses the methods of analysis used in this study and
offers a general framework for the research. The chapter provides descriptions of
research design, target population, survey and sample procedures, test
instrument definition, instrument validity and reliability, data collection
procedures, data analysis techniques, and ethical considerations during the
conduct of the study.
2.1 RESEARCH DESIGN
The qualitative and descriptive method of research was used in the study.
Qualitative method is an approach that is straightforward in the description of a
phenomenon. It is an approach that is very useful when researchers want to
know, regarding events, who were involved, what was involved, and where did
things take place. It allows the researcher to study selected issues in-depth and
detail without being constrained by pre-determined categories of analysis. (“What
Is Qualitative Research? - | University of Utah,” 2010).
This method aims to anticipate furthering the information needed in this
research. Essentially, the method is suitable to this study because it aims to
define the current condition of practical analysis as it is used in actual practice
and real-life demand of the proposed structure. The research is envisioned to
carry qualitative traits. A qualitative approach is primarily exploratory research. It
was used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and
motivations. It provides insight into the problem or helps to develop ideas. Using
a qualitative approach also seeks to tell the story of a particular group’s
experiences in their own words, and is therefore focused on narrative.
Descriptive method of research is a fact-finding study with adequate and
accurate interpretation of the findings. Descriptive research describes what really
exists. Since the study is concerned with young professionals residing in
Dagupan City, a descriptive approach is the most appropriate method to use.
2.2 POPULATION AND LOCALE OF THE STUDY
The study involved young professionals to be the respondent. The
demographic criteria will be based from 18-35 years of age. According to TET, a
catalog of standard spaces of specific buildings, the average common floor areas
per person per structure is 18.25 sq. meters/person for residential buildings;
given a designated area per person, the general formula used to derive the
respondent number is:
No. of Respondents= (Building Area/ Area perperson) x 1%
Therefore, the recommended sample size of target respondents ranges to
____. The respondents was selected using of purposive sampling (Clustered
Random Sampling). Purposive sampling, also known as judgmental, selective, or
subjective sampling, a form of non-probability sampling in which researchers rely
on their own judgment when choosing members of the population to participate in
their study (Foyer, 2018). According to this method, which belongs to the
category of non-probability sampling techniques, sample members are
selected on the basis of their knowledge, relationships and expertise
regarding a research subject (Freedman et al., 2007).
2.3 DATA GATHERING TOOLS
Qualitative research is open to multiple interpretations, which involve
collecting, and analyzing data in an iterative process until no new information
arises. The qualitative approach is informed by inductive logic, in which potential
understandings of a phenomenon are derived from the data. The goal of
qualitative analysis is not to produce broadly generalizable results but rather to
provide detailed descriptions of specific situations or experiences.
The use of the questionnaires was to collect the data needed to determine
The level of visual privacy in a coliving residence integrated into the vertical
housing development. From the data gathered, the researchers prepared
questionnaires that were based on the different variables presented and based
on the review of related literature and studies.
Primary and secondary data are used by the researchers.
Primary data – Survey questionnaire.
Secondary data – Internet web sites, journals, books/ thesis related
books, and magazines.
The survey questionnaire is divided into the main areas of investigation,
the first part captures the demographic information of the respondents according
to the following variables: gender, age, educational level, and average monthly
income. These individual demographic attributes were examined to understand
the personal and social backgrounds of the participants and to explore the
relationships between demographic information. Other sections are grouped
according to the main objectives of the study.
Qualitative Data Analysis was used, defined as the range of processes
and procedures whereby we move from the qualitative data that have been
collected into some form of explanation, understanding or interpretation of the
people and situations we are investigating. It is usually based on interpretative
philosophy.
The idea is to look at the meaningful and symbolic content of qualitative
information. (T.N.Haregu, 2012)
2.4 TREATMENT OF THE DATA
Since the study is qualitative, descriptive statistical tools - Scale of
Measurement will be used for the treatment of data. The measuring scale will be
used to the weight of the importance of the data.
Ordinal scale – Ordinal measurements describe order but note relative size or
degree of difference between the items measured. In this scale type, the
numbers assigned to objects or events represent the rank order (1 to 6) by which
data can be sorted, but still does not allow for relative degree of difference
between them (Stevens, S.S., 1946). The ordinal scale (non-dichotomous) was
used in the study.
Likert Scale - A Likert Scale is a type of rating scale used to measure attitudes
or opinions. With this scale, respondents are asked to rate items on a level of
agreement (Stephanie, 2015).
The format used to evaluate the degree of significance:
SHARING INDEX
1 I want to keep this space personal
2 I would share this space with people similar to me
3 I am happy to share this space with people similar to me
4 I am happy to share this space with anyone
LEVEL OF VISUAL PRIVACY
A No visibility from other people
B Slightly Visible from other people (Physical Design Feature are
more visible than you from another person’s field of view)
C Moderately Visible from other people (You are more visible than
the visual screening feature from another person’s field of view)
D Highly visible from other people (No obstruction on the field of
view of other people)
The data retrieved was implemented into the study in the original form as
it was obtained. After reviewing all the collected information from the
respondents, the survey questionnaire process was implemented for every
question to identify the key themes and ideas to categorize data for the easier
analysis process. All the information provided by the respondents was carefully
analyzed for the findings.
The data collected from the survey questionnaire given to selected
respondents of this study were tallied and tabulated in the frequency (f) and
percentage (P) using the formula below: P= f/n (100 %) Where:
P = percentage equivalent
f = number of respondents
n = total number of the respondents
