AC POSITION CONTROL Trainer

Table of contents

1. Introduction

2. Technical Specifications

3. Front Panel Controls

4. Operating Instructions
 INTRODUCTION

The motors that are used in automatic control systems are called Servomotors. When the objective of the
system is to control the position of an object then the system is called servo mechanism. The servomecha-
nism is a feedback control system in which the output is mechanical position.

Control System Lab2-phase ac servomotors have been traditionally used for position/speed control appli-
cations especially in light weight, precision instrumentation area in airborne systems. These motors, though
more expensive than industry standard split-phase induction motors and ac driven stepper motors, have a
much better torque speed characteristics.

The AC Servo Motor / AC Position Control System Trainer kit is designed to demonstrate the position
control with AC servomotor. The AC servomotor is used to adjust output / feedback potentiometer posi-
tion. When the input / control potentiometer position is changed, the same change is followed by feedback
pot. AC servo position control system controller & AC servomotor achieve this control action.
Features

One 230V AC Servo Motor with gear, fixed on a mechanical frame with position dial indication
One position Servo pot is fixed with motor gear side for position sensing
One Op-Amp PI Controller for control circuit
One potentiometer is provided to vary the motor position up to 355º
One 4 Mfd/230V AC Capacitor is provided for Motor

Mechanical Setup

One 12V two phase ac servo motor with Gear provided

Digital Voltmeter

Build in Digital voltmeter is provided to measure voltage of Vr and Vo

The stator winding are excited by voltages of equal rms magnitude and 90° phase difference. These results
in exciting currents i1 and i2 that are phase displayed by 90° and have equal rms values. This current give
rise to a rotating magnetic field of constant magnitude. The direction of rotation depends on the phase
relationship of the two currents (or voltages). The exciting current shown in figure-9 produces a clockwise
rotating magnetic field and phase shift of 180° in i1 will produce an anticlockwise rotating magnetic field.

The rotating magnetic field sweeps over the rotor conductors. The rotor conductors experience a change in
flux and so voltages are induced in rotor conductors. This voltage circulates currents in the short circuited
rotor conductors and the currents create rotor flux.
Control System:

Control systems Control a certain physical quantity so that it changes in prescribed ways according to
arbitrary input changes.
AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM:
The basic components of an automatic control system are error detector, amplifier and controller, power
actuator, system and sensor (or) feedback system.
ERROR AMPLIFIER:
Which compares the reference signal Vr with feed back signal? The output is a voltage proportional to the difference
between the two signals.
CONTROLLER:
The controller process the error signal and gives an output voltage signal Vc known as the control voltage. This
suggests the necessary corrective measures required in the actuating signal Va to be applied to the system.
POWER ACTUATOR:
Which takes the input as the control voltage Vc from the controller and produces the necessary actuating input signal
to be applied to the system to achieve the desired output.
FEED BACK
The constitutes the output sensor and associated amplifier. The feedback signal Vf is the voltage proportional to the
output variable of the system.
POSITION CONTROL

For the study of automatic control system, AC motor is used as a system to be controlled. Here the con-
trolled variables are the position of the motor.

The main advantage of the AC servomotor used as system is Control of AC servomotor is so much easier
than induction motor, because of were control only control phase winding voltage like 12V or 24V not main
winding voltage 230V AC. Direction of motor reversal is also obtained by interchanging the control phase
winding voltage.
 Operating instructions

1. Connect the Cable between motor assembly unit to the main trainer and switch ON the trainer

2. Keep the STEP Input Switch in off position ie top side toggle.

3. Keep the Forward Gain Control at 1 marked and Also the speed gain control at minimum.

3. Connect the mulltimeter or AC voltmeter at the VR control voltage Iutput.

4. Now keep the Angle control pot VR at say 50 degree.

5. Now observe the angular position at motor unit.

6. Measure the corresponding Vo Voltage, VR voltage, Angular position of Reference Pot and Angular position of
Motor pot.

7. Likewise Take reading of 100 deg, 150 deg, 200 deg and 250 deg.

8. Now keep the Forward Gain control pot at 5, and follow the above procedure from 4.

9. Then keep the Forward control pot at maximum and Take readings as above said.

10. Table the readings as below and calculate the difference of position error as/
KA = 1
SL NO: qR qO DqR - DqO VR VO DVR - DVO
deg deg deg Volts Volts Volts

1. 50o
2. 100o
3. 150o
4. 200o
5. 250o
6. 300o

KA = 5
SL NO: qR qO DqR - DqO VR VO DVR - DVO
deg deg deg Volts Volts Volts

1. 50o
2. 100o
3. 150o
4. 200o
5. 250o
6. 300o

KA = 5
SL NO: qR qO DqR - DqO VR VO DVR - DVO
deg deg deg Volts Volts Volts

1. 50o
2. 100o
3. 150o
4. 200o
5. 250o
6. 300o
 Manual for

AC POSITION Trainer

( Sr. No:............................)