Math 415. Exam 3.

November 30, 2017

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Discussion Section:

• There are 20 problems worth 5 points each.

• You must not communicate with other students.
• No books, notes, calculators, or electronic devices allowed.

• This is a 70 minute exam.

• Do not turn this page until instructed to.
• Fill in the answers on the scantron form provided. Also circle your answers on the exam itself.
• Hand in both the exam and the scantron.

• On the scantron make sure you bubble in your name, your UIN and your NetID.
• There are several different versions of this exam.
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on the scantron that counts!

• Good luck!

Fill in the following information on the scantron form:

On the first page of the scantron bubble in your name, your UIN and your NetID!
On the back of the scantron bubble in the following:
95. D
96. C

1
1. (5 points) Let V be a subspace of Rn , n > 0 and let P be the projection matrix of
the projection onto V . Which of the following statements is not always true?

(A) Col(P T ) = V ⊥ .
(B) Col(P ) = V .
(C) Nul(P ) = V ⊥ .
(D) rank(P ) = dim V .

2
     
1 0
2. (5 points) Let E = e1 = , e2 = be the standard basis of R2 and let B be
0 1
    
1 −3
another basis: B = b1 = , b2 = . Let IE,B be the change of basis matrix
3 1
from the B-basis to the standard basis, and let IB,E be the change of basis matrix from
the standard basis to the B basis. Then

(A)   
1 1 3 1 −3
IE,B = , IB,E =
10 −3 1 3 1

(B)    
1 −3 1 1 3
IE,B = , IB,E =
3 1 10 −3 1
(C)    
1 −3 1 0
IE,B = , IB,E =
3 1 0 1

(D)    
1 −3 1 3
IE,B = , IB,E =
3 1 −3 1

3
3. (5 points) Consider two bases B and C of R2 . Let T : R2 → R2 be such that the
matrix TB,B that represents T with respect to B is
 
1 1
.
1 1
Suppose that the change of basis matrices are given by
   
−1 0 −1 0
IB,C = and IC,B = .
0 2 0 21
What is TC,C ?
 
1 1
(A) .
1 1
 
1 −2
(B) .
− 12 1
(C) None of the other matrices.
1 − 12
 
(D) .
−2 1

4
4. (5 points) Let Q be an orthogonal n × n-matrix. Which of the following statements
is not true for all such Q?

(A) QT is the inverse of Q.

(B) The columns of Q are orthonormal.
(C) det(A) = 1.
(D) If Q is upper triangular, then Q is diagonal.

5
5. (5 points) Let  
1 0
A = 0 1
1 1
Suppose that Q is a 3 × 2-matrix with orthonormal columns and R is an invertible
upper triangular matrix such that A = QR. Which of the following matrices can be R?
 √1 √ −1 
2 6
(A)  0 √2 
6
√1 √1
2 6
√
√1

2
(B) 2
0 2
(C) None of the other answers.
"√ #
2 √12
(D)
0 √36

√1

2

2
(E) √3
0 6

6
6. (5 points) Let C be a n × n-matrix such that C T = C −1 . Then
(A) det(C) = 1 or det(C) = −1,
(B) det(C) ≥ 0,
(C) det(C) can be any real number,
(D) det(C) ≤ 0.

7
7. (5 points) The least squares solution of
   
1 1 1
1 −1 x = 1
0 1 1
is
4
3
 
2
 3 .
(A)  
 
1
3
 
1
(B) .
1
 
1
(C) 1 .
3
 1
−3
 
 1 
 3 .
(D)  
 
2
3

(E) none of the other answers.

8
8. (5 points) Let A, B, C be invertible n × n-matrices such that AB = B 2 C, det(B) = 3
and det(C) = 2. Then:
(A) A = BC and det(A) = 5.
(B) A = B 2 CB −1 and det(A) = 6.
(C) A = B 2 CB −1 and det(A) = 5.
(D) A = BC and det(A) = 6.
(E) A = B 3 C and det(A) = 11.

9
        
 1 1  1 0
9. (5 points) Let W = span  0 , −1
   and v 1 = 0 , v 2 = 0. Let w1 be the
  
 0 0  1 1
orthogonal projection of v 1 onto W , and let w2 be the orthogonal projection of v 2 onto
W . Then:
 3   
2
0
(A) w1 = − 12 , w2 = 0
0 0
   
1 0
(B) w1 = 0, w2 = 0
0 0
   
1 0
(C) w1 = 0, w2 = 1
0 0
   
0 0
(D) w1 = 0, w2 = 1
0 0
   
2 0
(E) w1 = −1, w2 = 0
0 0

10
10. (5 points) Which of the following statements is true? Let A, B be n × n-matrices.
(A) if every row of A adds up to 0, then det(A) = 0.
(B) if A is invertible and B is not invertible, then AB is invertible.
(C) the determinant of A is the product of the diagonal entries of A.
(D) if every row of A adds up to 1, then det(A) = 1.

11
         
1 1 1 0
 1 1 −1  0 
11. (5 points) Let B = 
b1 = 1 , b2 = −1 , b3 =  0  , b4 =  1 . Let
       
1 −1 0 −1
 
4
8
12. Let W = Span{b2 , b3 }. Find the projection of x onto the orthogonal
x =  
8
complement of W .
(A) None of the other answers.
 
8
8
(B) 
10

6
 
8
8
8.
(C)  
8
 
−4
0
 2 .
(D)  
2

12
  
6 5 3
12. (5 points) Let A = 2 2 0.
0 1 4

(A) det(A) = 14
(B) det(A) = 30
(C) det(A) = −8
(D) det(A) = −4
(E) det(A) = 22

13. (5 points) Which of the following vectors is an eigenvector for the matrix
 
1 2
0 21

with eigenvalue 12 ?
 
−4
(A) .
1
 
1
(B) 1 .
4
 
4
(C) .
1
 
1
(D) .
4

13
  
19 −3
14. (5 points) Let A = . This matrix has two eigenvalues: 10 and 20. Which
−3 11
of the following pairs of vectors contain a vector in each eigenspace of A?
   
1 3
(A) and
−3 −1
   
1 3
(B) and
3 1
   
1 3
(C) and
3 −1
(D) None of these pairs contains a vector in each eigenspace of A.
   
1 1
(E) and
1 −1

14
         
1 1 1 0
 1 1 −1  0 
15. (5 points) Let B = 
b1 = 1 , b2 = −1 , b3 =  0  , b4 =  1 . Let x =
       
1 −1 0 −1
 
4
8
 . Let W = Span{b1 , b3 }. Find the coordinate vector xB of x with respect to the
12
8
basis B.
 
8
−2
(A) −2

2
 
4
8
(B) 12

8
 
6
0
(C) −2

6
 
32
−8
(D) −4

4
(E) None of the other answers

15
16. (5 points) Let A be an n × n-matrix and let λ be an eigenvalue of A. Which of the
following statements is incorrect?

(A) All the other statement are true.

(B) λ2 is an eigenvalue of A2 ,
(C) λ can not be 0.
(D) λ−1 is an eigenvalue of A−1 whenever A−1 exists,
(E) λ + 1 is an eigenvalue of A + I,

17. (5 points) Suppose you are given the data points (−1, 1), (1, 1), (2, 3). In addition
you are told that the least square solutions to
   
−1 1 1
 1 1 x = 1
2 1 3
4
7
is  . What is the least squares line for the three data points given above?
9
7

4
(A) y = 7
− 97 x.
9
(B) y = 7
+ 47 x.
4
(C) y = 7
+ 97 x.
9
(D) y = 7
− 47 x.

16
 
1
18. (5 points) Let W be the subspace Span{ 1 } and let P be the projection matrix
−1
for W . Then
(A)
 −1
1 1 −1
P = 1 1 −1
−1 −1 1

(B)  
1 0 0
P = 0 0 0
0 0 0

(C)  
1 1 −1
1
P = 1 1 −1
3 −1 −1 1

(D)  
1 1 −1
P = 1 1 −1
−1 −1 1

(E)  
1 1 1
P = 1 1 1
−1 −1 −1

17
19. (5 points) Let a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 be 4 row vectors of length 4 (so that the transpose aTi
belongs to R4 ). Let  
− a1 −
− a2 −
A= − a3 −

− a4 −
be the 4 × 4 matrix with these vectors as rows. Assume det(A) = 2. What is the
determinant of the matrix  
a2
 a1 − 2a2 
B=  2a3 + a2


−a4

(A) det(A) = 4.
(B) None of the other answers is correct.
(C) det(A) = −4.
(D) det(A) = 2.
(E) det(A) = −2.

18
  
14 −2
20. (5 points) Let A = . Find the eigenvalues of A.
−2 11

(A) 1 and 5
(B) 10 and 15.
(C) 15 and 25
(D) None of the other answers
(E) -10 and 10

19