UNIT 9: MENTAL HEALTH
One of the greatest challenges faced by mental health workers, in recent years, has
been breaking down the stigma attached to mental illness. A stigma which didn't only
affect the general public, but also patients and other healthcare professionals.
A patient's reluctance to admit to suffering from a mental illness, a mere 50 years
ago, is hardly surprising when you consider the treatments that were available at that
time such as electroconvulsive therapy in which the patient was strapped down
and electrocuted - very much akin to a less deadly version of the electric chair. Going
back slightly further to the 1940's and 50's, and the treatments got even more
barbaric, the frontal lobotomyinvolved destroying the part of the brain which was
thought to be responsible for the illness in question. These were commonly
performed on patients suffering from schizophrenia, and while the delusions were
often cured, the patient was left without full brain function. The lucky ones were just
sent to an asylum to live, like a prisoner, out of sight and out of mind.
Fortunately, within the last 50 years, mental health has undergone major changes
and now offers a variety of therapies for those suffering from a condition. Most large
hospitals will have an in-staff psychiatrist to treat patients or to refer them to
a psychologist who by therapy will help the patient realize the cause of their
problem. However, one does not need to go to hospital to consult a mental health
professional. If someone suffers from a minor mental health problem, such as panic
attacks or a particular phobia, they are just as likely to find the help they need on
the high-street.
Both the psychiatrist and psychologist are well versed in psychotherapy, but only
the psychiatrist can prescribe medicine such as mood stabilizers or psychoactive
drugs if needed. In recent years, creative therapies like music, color or dance
therapy have also proved successful for certain conditions. Art therapy, for example,
has proved effective in the treatment of patients with dementia.
On the face of the matter, it appears that the nations mental health should be better
than ever but as times change so do the conditions which appear. Post-traumatic
stress disorder (PTSD) was unheard of 30 years ago, but now poses a major
problem for soldiers returning from war or witnesses to major accidents. This does
not necessarily mean that this is a new disorder, but rather that a name can be given
to a condition which has been around for hundreds of years.
Another example of an old complaint recently being given a name is obsessive
compulsive disorder (OCD) in which sufferers have a compulsion to carry out
certain actions, which for some may seem strange like repeatedly turning on and off
a light switch a given number of times before leaving the house. Some disorders are
not so old though, eating disorders such as anorexia are relatively new.
Mental health issues are often a result of the environment in which we live.
Taking anxiety into consideration, it has been noted that the number of sufferers has
increased dramatically as our lifestyle gives us more to worry about.
The challenge faced by mental health workers in the coming years, is to continue the
good work already started and expand on it, particularly with regard to autism which
currently affects around 1 in 88 children, yet remains incurable.
