Use Place Value to Multiply

Dear Family, 9
This week your child is learning about using place
value to multiply.
Place value can help you understand how to multiply a two-digit multiple of 10,
such as 40, by a one-digit number, such as 3.

You can use base-ten blocks to understand this problem. These base-ten blocks
show 3 groups of 40.

3 groups of 4 tens is 3 3 4 tens, or 12 tens.

12 tens is the same as 120.

Another way to think about this problem, without the base-ten blocks,
is to rewrite the problem. Think about 40 as 4 3 10. Then:

3 3 40 5 3 3 (4 3 10)

When you multiply, you can change the grouping without changing
the answer:

3 3 (4 3 10) is the same as (3 3 4) 3 10.

3 3 4 is 12, and 12 3 10 is 120.
So, again, 3 3 40 5 120.

Invite your child to share what he or she knows about using place value
to multiply by doing the following activity together.

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 ACTIVITY   Using Place Value to Multiply
Do this activity with your child to use place value to multiply.

Materials 2 number cubes

Play a game with your child to practice multiplying with a multiple of 10.
The winner of each round is the player with the greater product.

• Each player rolls one number cube. The first roll gives you each your first
factor. For example, if the number rolled is a 5, the first factor is 5.

• Roll again and multiply 10 by the number on the cube. This is your second
factor. For example, if the number rolled is a 3, the second factor is 30.

• Find the product of your two factors.

For example, to find 5 3 30:
5 3 (3 3 10)
(5 3 3) 3 10
15 3 10 is 15 tens, which equals 150.

• The player with the greater product wins the round.

• Play five rounds for best out of five.

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LESSON 9 SESSION 1 

Explore Using Place Value to Multiply

Learning Target
In previous lessons you learned multiplication facts. In this lesson • Multiply one-digit whole numbers
you will learn how to use these facts to help you multiply by multiples of 10 in the range
10–90 using strategies based on
one-digit numbers and multiples of 10. Use what you know to place value and properties of
operations.
try to solve the problem below.
SMP  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

There are 4 stacks of books on a table. Each stack has

20 books. How many books are there in all?

TRY IT Math Toolkit

• base-ten blocks
• hundred charts
• number lines 
• multiplication models 

DISCUSS IT
Ask your partner: Why did
you choose this strategy?
Tell your partner:
I knew . . . so I . . . .

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LESSON 9  EXPLORE SESSION 1 

CONNECT IT
1 LOOK BACK
Explain how you found how many books there are in all.

2 LOOK AHEAD
Multiplication can be used to find the total when there are two or more
groups with the same number in each group. You have learned some
multiplication facts. These facts can help you multiply with tens.
Think about 4 3 20, shown by the base-ten blocks below.
Look at different ways to find this total.

a. You can skip-count by ten 8 times to find the product:

10, 20, 30, 40,  ,  ,  ,

b. You can skip-count by twenty times:

20, 40, 60,
c. You can count on by groups of tens:

2 tens, 4 tens, 6 tens, 8 tens. 8 tens is  .

3 REFLECT
Do you think skip-count and counting on would work well
with greater numbers, such as 8 3 80? Explain.

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Name: LESSON 9  SESSION 1

Prepare for Using Place Value to Multiply

1 Think about what you know about multiplication. Fill in each box. Use words,
numbers, and pictures. Show as many ideas as you can.

What Is It? What I Know About It

skip-count

Examples Examples Examples

2 How would you use skip-counting to find 6 3 50? Explain.

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LESSON 9  SESSION 1

3 Solve the problem. Show your work.

Travis fills 6 gift bags with prizes. Each bag
holds 30 prizes. How many prizes does
Travis use?

Solution

4 Check your answer. Show your work.

214 Lesson 9  Use Place Value to Multiply ©Curriculum Associates, LLC  Copying is not permitted.
LESSON 9 SESSION 2 

Develop Multiplying with Tens

Read and try to solve the problem below.

A sports store orders 4 boxes

of baseball caps. Each box has
40 caps. How many baseball
caps does the store order?

TRY IT
Math Toolkit
• base-ten blocks
• number lines 
• 1-centimeter grid paper
• multiplication models 

DISCUSS IT
Ask your partner: Do you
agree with me? Why or
why not?
Tell your partner: I started
by . . .

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LESSON 9  DEVELOP

Explore different ways to understand multiplying with tens.

A sports store orders 4 boxes of baseball caps.

Each box has 40 caps. How many baseball caps
does the store order?

Picture It
You can use base-ten blocks to help understand the problem.
4 boxes of baseball caps

40 caps in
each box

4 groups of 4 tens is 4 3 4 tens, or 16 tens.

16 tens is 160.

Model It
You can also use factors and grouping to multiply with tens.

Start with the factors from the problem: 4 3 40

You can write 40 as 4 3 10: 4 3 (4 3 10)

You can change the grouping when you multiply: (4 3 4) 3 10

Multiply 4 3 4: 16 3 10

16 tens is 160.

216 Lesson 9  Use Place Value to Multiply ©Curriculum Associates, LLC  Copying is not permitted.
 SESSION 2 

Connect It
Now you will use the problem from the previous page to help you understand
how to multiply with tens.

Below are three equal multiplication expressions from the previous page.

4 3 40 4 3 4 3 10 16 3 10

1 You can break apart 16 into

10 plus another number. Write
the number in the blank: 16 3 10 5 (10 1  ) 3 10

2 You can multiply 10 by both numbers in

the parentheses in problem 1.
Write these numbers in the blanks: 5 (  3 10) 1 (  3 10)

3 Write the products in the blanks: 5 1

4 Add the products and write the sum

in the blank: 5

5 How can you find the product of 40 3 4?

6 Explain how to find the product of a given number and a multiple of 10.

7 REFLECT
Look back at your Try It, strategies by classmates, and Picture It and Model It.
Which models or strategies do you like best for multiplying with tens? Explain.

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LESSON 9  DEVELOP SESSION 2 

Apply It
Use what you just learned to solve these problems.

8 Multiply 60 3 8. Show your work.

Solution

9 There are 40 nickels in a roll of nickels. Tao has 7 rolls of nickels.

How many nickels does she have in all? Show your work.

Solution

10 Multiply 7 3 30. Show your work.

Solution

218 Lesson 9  Use Place Value to Multiply ©Curriculum Associates, LLC  Copying is not permitted.
Name: LESSON 9  SESSION 2

Practice Multiplying with Tens

Study the Example showing how you can use place value to help you multiply
with tens. Then solve problems 1–8.

Example
Hobbit’s Hobby Store has 4 shelves 30 bottles on each shelf
of glue. Each shelf has 30 bottles
of glue. How many bottles of glue
are on the shelves?
You can use place value and grouping.
4 3 30 4 groups of 3 tens or 12 tens
4 3 (3 3 10) 12 tens is 120.
(4 3 3) 3 10
12 3 10 5 120
There are 120 bottles of glue on the shelves.

The hobby store has 3 boxes of wheels. There are 50 wheels in each box.
How many wheels does the hobby store have?

1 You can write 50 as 3 10.

2 3 3 (5 3 10) is one way to group the factors.

Use parentheses to show another way to
group the factors.

3 3 5 3 10

3 3 3 5 3 10 5 3 10

4 The hobby store has wheels.

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LESSON 9  SESSION 2

5 Draw a line to match each problem with another way to write it.
5 3 60 (4 3 3) 3 10
6 3 40 10 3 (5 3 4)
50 3 4 (5 3 6) 3 10
6 3 30 (6 3 3) 3 10
40 3 3 (6 3 4) 3 10

6 Write the multiplication equation that the base-ten model shows.

Solution

7 Fill in the blanks to show how to find 4 3 70.

4 3 70 5 4 3 (  3 10)

5 (4 3  ) 3 10

5 28 3 10 5

4 3 70 5

8 Complete the equation below.

Show your work.

6 3 20 5

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LESSON 9 SESSION 3 

Refine Using Place Value to Multiply

Complete the Example below. Then solve problems 1–9.

9 3 30 is 9 groups
EXAMPLE of 3 tens, or
27 tens.
Robin plants 9 rows of flowers. Each row has 30 flowers.
How many flowers does Robin plant in all?

Look at how you could show your work by changing the

grouping when you multiply.
9 3 30 5 9 3 (3 3 10)
5 (9 3 3) 3 10
PAIR/SHARE
How could you use
5 27 3 10
skip-counting to solve this
problem? Which way of
Solution solving makes more sense?

Apply it
1 Manu drives 50 miles each day. How many miles does he drive
How many groups of
in 5 days? Show your work.
5 tens are there?

PAIR/SHARE
How did you and your
partner choose the way to
solve this problem?
Solution

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LESSON 9  REFINE

2 Multiply 6 3 90. Show your work.

How can you rewrite
90 so you
can multiply
with 10?

PAIR/SHARE
How can you check that
your answer is correct?
Solution

3 Raymond can type 40 words each minute. How many words can
What multiplication
he type in 8 minutes?
fact can you use to solve
A 32 words the problem?

B 48 words
C 320 words
D 360 words

Gina chose B as the correct answer. How did she get

that answer? PAIR/SHARE
How can the digit in the
ones place help you
decide if an answer
makes sense?

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 SESSION 3 

4 What is the product of 6 3 30?

• • • • • •
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9

5 There are 60 toothpicks in a jar. There are 3 jars in 1 box.

How many toothpicks are in 2 boxes?
A 120
B 180
C 360
D 480

6 Which multiplication expressions are ways to show 240?

A 40 3 6
B 4 3 60
C 30 3 8
D 80 3 3
E 2 3 40

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LESSON 9  REFINE SESSION 3 

7 A notebook has 80 sheets of paper. How many sheets of paper

do 7 such notebooks have? Show your work.

sheets of paper

8 At a pet store, there are 20 fish in each tank.

How many fish are in 8 tanks? Show your work.

There are fish in 8 tanks.

9 MATH JOURNAL
Explain how you can use what you know about multiplication
facts and place value to multiply 8 3 80.

SELF CHECK  Go back to the Unit 2 Opener and see what you can check off.

224 Lesson 9  Use Place Value to Multiply ©Curriculum Associates, LLC  Copying is not permitted.