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Government College of Nursing Jodhpur: Presentation On Anemia and Nutritional Deficiency

The document discusses anemia and nutritional deficiency, specifically iron deficiency anemia. It defines anemia as a decrease in red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, impairing the blood's ability to carry oxygen to tissues. The document lists normal hemoglobin values according to age and gender. It describes the various types of anemia including iron deficiency, megaloblastic, pernicious, hemorrhagic, hemolytic, thalassemia, sickle cell, and aplastic anemia. Risk factors mentioned include poor socioeconomic class, multiparity, teenage pregnancy, and menstrual problems.

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502 views3 pages

Government College of Nursing Jodhpur: Presentation On Anemia and Nutritional Deficiency

The document discusses anemia and nutritional deficiency, specifically iron deficiency anemia. It defines anemia as a decrease in red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, impairing the blood's ability to carry oxygen to tissues. The document lists normal hemoglobin values according to age and gender. It describes the various types of anemia including iron deficiency, megaloblastic, pernicious, hemorrhagic, hemolytic, thalassemia, sickle cell, and aplastic anemia. Risk factors mentioned include poor socioeconomic class, multiparity, teenage pregnancy, and menstrual problems.

Uploaded by

priyanka
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF NURSING

JODHPUR

SUBJECT – Obstetrics and


gynecology nursing

Presentation
On
Anemia and nutritional deficiency

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:


Jyoti bala

Nursing lecturer PRIYANKA GEHLOT


M.Sc NSG (PREV)

GCON, JODHPUR BATCH 2019


ANEMIA AND NUTRITIONAL DIFICENCY

INTRODUCTION:

Anemia is a major killer in India. Statistics reveal that every second Indian woman is
anemic One in every five maternal deaths is directly due to anemia. Anemia affects both
adults and children of both sexes, although pregnant women and adolescent girls are most
susceptible and most affected by this disease.

DEFINITION:

Anemia (An-without,emia-blood)is a decrease in the RBC count, hemoglobin and/or


Hematocrit values resulting in a lower ability for the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:

NORMAL VALUES

Category Reference Values

Men >13 g/dl

Women >12 g/dl

Pregnant women >11g/dl

Infants from 2 to 6 months >9.5 g/dl

Children from 6 months to 24 months >10.5 g/dl

2yrs to 11 yrs >11.5 g/dl

Children from 12 years >12 g/dl Category Values Reference Men >13 g/dl Women >12 g/dl
Pregnant women >11g/dl Infants from 2 to 6 months >9.5 g/dl Children from 6 months to 24 months
>10.5 g/dl 2yrs to 11 yrs >11.5 g/dl Children from 12 years >12 g/d

TYPES OF ANEMIA Based on clinical picture- Iron deficiency anemia. Megaloblastic


anemia. Pernicious anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia. Hemolytic anemia. -Thalassemia
anemia -Sickle cell anemia Aplastic anemia

Iron deficiency anemia ♣ excessive loss of iron . ♣ Women are at risk. ---- For menstrual blood and
growing fetus. Megaloblastic anemia ♣ Less intake of vitamin B 12 and folic acid. ♣ Red bone
marrow produces abnormal RBC. e.g cancer drugs Pernicious anemia ♣ Inability of stomach to
absorb vitamin B 12 in small intestine. TYPES OF ANEMIA Hemorrhagic anemia ♣ Excessive loss of
RBC through bleeding,stomach ulcers,menstruation Hemolytic anemia ♣ RBC plasma membrane
ruptures. ♣ may be due to parasites,toxins,antibodies. Thalassemmia ♣ Less synthesis of
hemoglobin .Found in population of Mediterranean sea. Sickle cell anemia ♣ Hereditary blood
disorder, characterized by red blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape. Aplastic
anemia ♣ destruction of red bone marrow . ♣ caused by toxins,gamma radiation. Normochromic,
normocytic anemia (normal MCHC, normal MCV).These include: anemias of chronic disease
hemolytic anemias (those characterized by accelerated destruction of rbc's) anemia of acute
hemorrhage aplastic anemias (those characterized by disappearance of rbc precursors from the
marrow) Hypochromic, microcytic anemia (low MCHC, low MCV).These include: iron deficiency
anemia thalassemias anemia of chronic diseases Normochromic, macrocytic anemia (normal
MCHC, high MCV).These include: vitamin B12 deficiency folate deficiency

RISK FACTORS Poor socio economic class Multiparity Teenage pregnancy Menstural problem

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