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Electrolysis Worksheet

1) Electrolysis of aqueous KCl produces chlorine gas at the anode and hydrogen gas at the cathode. The pH decreases around the anode as hydrogen ions are produced. 2) Given a current of 0.450 A for 5.50 hours in a nickel chloride solution, 2.71 g of nickel can be electroplated. 3) In electrolysis of molten aluminum chloride without water, aluminum forms at the cathode and chlorine gas forms at the anode. Given a current and time, the amount of chlorine gas produced can be calculated.

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621 views2 pages

Electrolysis Worksheet

1) Electrolysis of aqueous KCl produces chlorine gas at the anode and hydrogen gas at the cathode. The pH decreases around the anode as hydrogen ions are produced. 2) Given a current of 0.450 A for 5.50 hours in a nickel chloride solution, 2.71 g of nickel can be electroplated. 3) In electrolysis of molten aluminum chloride without water, aluminum forms at the cathode and chlorine gas forms at the anode. Given a current and time, the amount of chlorine gas produced can be calculated.

Uploaded by

Tyrese Smith
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Electrolysis Worksheet 4 - Problem Set: This section provides a set of electrolysis-related problems intended for practice, covering various scenarios and chemical reactions.

Friday Worksheet Name: ……………….

Electrolysis worksheet 4

1) An electrolytic cell attempts to produce chlorine gas via the electrolysis of aqueous
0.01M KCl solution using inert electrodes. A gas is produced at both electrodes.

a) Give the likely equation to the reaction occurring at the anode.


2H2O(l) - 4H+ (aq) +O2(g) 4e
b) Give the likely equation to the reaction occurring at the cathode.
2H2O(l) + 2e- H2(g) + 2OH- (aq)
c) What happens to the pH of the solution surrounding the anode? Explain
Decreases as [H-] increases

2) What mass (in grams) of nickel could be electroplated from a solution of nickel(II) chloride
by a current of 0.450 amperes flowing for 5.50 hours?

Ni2+(aq) + 2e => Ni(s)


Step 1 find the total charge delivered
=> Q =It = 0.450 X 5.50 X 60 X 60 =8910
Step 2 find the mol of electrons
=> ne = 8910/96500 = 0.0923
Step 3 find mol of Ni
=> nNi = 0.0923 / 2 = 0.0462
Step 4 find the mass of Ni
=> 0.0462 X 58.7 = 2.71 g

3) Pure aluminium is to be extracted from a large sample of AlCl3. An electrolytic cell is set
up run for 4.50 hours with a current of 0.490 amperes using inert electrodes.
a) One student suggested setting up an electrolytic cell using (1.00 M) AlCl3 . What are
the products formed at the:
i. cathode ------ 2H2O(l) + 2e- H2(g) + 2OH- (aq)
Ii. anode ------2Cl-(aq)  Cl2(g) + 2e-

b) Another student suggested molten AlCl3 with the exclusion of water. What are the
products formed at the:
i. cathode ------ The reaction is Al3+ (l) + 3e- Al(l) hence Al(l)

ii. anode ------ The reaction is 2Cl-(aq)  Cl2(g) + 2e- hence Cl2(g) and
electrons

iii. How many litres of the gas produced at the anode when measured at STP
are produced when the electrode efficiency is only 65%?

2Cl-(aq)  Cl2(g) + 2e-


Step 1 Find the total charge delivered
=> Q =It = 0.490 X 4.50 X 60 X 60 X 0.65 = 5160 C
Step 2 find the mol of electrons
=> ne = 5160 / 96500 = 0.0535
Step 3 find the mol of chlorine
=> 0.0535 / 2 = 0.0267
Step 4 find the volume of chlorine
=> 0.0267 X 22.4 = 0.599 Litres

4) A fine layer of platinum is to be plated onto an iron rod from a solution of [PtCl6]2-, using
an average current of 10.0 amperes at an electrode efficiency of 70.0%?
a) The electrolytic cell shown on the right is used.
i. What material should the positive electrode be
made from? platinum

ii. What is the reaction occurring at the cathode?

Pt+4(aq) + 4e => Pt(s)

b) How long, in hours, would be required for the electroplating


of 88.0 g of platinum

Pt4+(aq) + 4e => Pt(s)

Step 1 find the mol of platinum..


=> nPt = 88.0 / 195 = 0.451

Step 2 find the mol of electrons needed

=> ne = 0.451 X 4 = 1.804

Step 3 find the charge that this represents


=> Q = 1.804 X 96500 = 174086 C
Step 4 At 70.0% efficiency find the charge that must be delivered to achieve 174086 C
=> Charge needed = 174086/0.700 = 248694 C

Step 5 find the time necessary to deliver this amount of charge at a current of 10.0 A
=> 248694 / 10.0 = 24869.4 seconds
=> 6.91 hours

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