Table of Contents

Volume 21. Biñan Sub-basin ................................................................................................. 3

Geographic location................................................................................................................ 3
Political and Administrative Boundary ..................................................................................... 4
Land Cover ............................................................................................................................. 6
Sub-basin Characterization and Properties............................................................................. 7
Drainage Network ............................................................................................................... 7
Sub-sub basin Properties ...................................................................................................10
Water Quantity ......................................................................................................................11
Stream flows ......................................................................................................................11
Water Balance ...................................................................................................................11

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 21-1 Geographic extent Map ............................................................................................................. 3
Figure 21-2 Political boundary map .............................................................................................................. 5
Figure 21-3 Land Cover Map ........................................................................................................................ 7
Figure 21-4 Drainage Map ............................................................................................................................ 9
Figure 21-5 Sub-sub basin Map of Biñan Sub-basin .................................................................................. 10
Figure 21-6 Annual Stream flow, 1990 – 2004 ........................................................................................... 11
Figure 21-7 Yearly Water Balances ............................................................................................................ 12

LIST OF TABLES
Table 21-1 Geographic Extent ...................................................................................................................... 4
Table 21-2 Municipalities and Barangays Covered ...................................................................................... 4
Table 21-3 Population Distribution by Municipality, 2007 ............................................................................. 6
Table 21-4 Land Cover Classification area and percentage ......................................................................... 6
Table 21-5 Some Relief Features and Other Geo-Morphological Parameters............................................. 8
Table 21-6 Biñan Sub-sub basin properties ................................................................................................ 11
Table 21-7 Yearly Water Balances based on model simulation (mm). ....................................................... 12

Technical writer
For. Ma. Carolane P. Gonzales, LLDA-PDMED

Technical editors
Ms. Adelina C. Santos-Borja Engr. Emiterio C. Hernandez
Officer-In-Charge Officer- In Charge
Resource Management and Development Officer Project Development Management and Evaluation Division

Map production
Mr. Neil V. Varcas, LLDA-PDMED
Volume 21. Biñan Sub-basin

Geographic location
The Biñan Sub-basin (Figure 21-1) is situated in the western part of the Laguna de Bay Basin
and southern part of Metro Manila traversing the towns/cities of San Pedro and Biñan in the
province of Laguna while the towns of Carmona, General Mariano Alvarez, Silang, Tagaytay
City

The Biñan Sub-basin is bounded by Laguna Lake on the north and Taal Lake in the south. The
Biñan sub-basin is bounded within the jurisdictional boundaries of six towns and a city which
includes Biñan and San Pedro in Laguna, GMA, Carmona, Silang and Tagaytay City in Cavite.
The geographic coordinates of the Biñan Sub-basin is listed below in Table 21-1.

Source: LLDA GIS

Figure 21-1 Geographic extent Map
 Table 21-1 Geographic Extent
CORNERS NORTHING (UTM) EASTING (UTM)
Upper Left 1562641.25000 294844.93750
Upper Right 1562641.25000 280914.68750
Lower Right 1588909.12500 280914.68750
Lower Left 1588909.12500 294844.93750
Source: LLDA GIS

Political and Administrative Boundary

The total land area of the sub-basin is approximately 8,406.732 hectares. Silang occupies more
than one third of the total land area consisting of 29,308,944 square meters or about 34.86 %.
Carmona and Biñan hold almost the same size of coverage with about 21,940,464 and
19,292,828, respectively. On the other hand, GMA, San Pedro and Tagaytay have small land
area inside the sub basin with only 7,844,917 sq.m or 9.33%, 3,941,634 sq.m or 4.69% and
1,738,542 or 2.07%, respectively. See Table 21-2 and Figure 21-2 for municipal land area map
within Biñan sub basin

Table 21-2 Municipalities and Barangays Covered

Municipality/City No. Of Barangays Area (sq.m) Percentage
Carmona 14 21,940,464 26.10
Binan 21 19,292,828 22.95
GMA 27 7,844,917 9.33
San Pedro 5 3,941,634 4.69
Silang 27 29,308,944 34.86
Tagaytay 3 1,738,542 2.07
TOTAL 97 84,067,328 100
Source: LLDA GIS
 Source: LLDA GIS
Figure 21-2 Political boundary map

Based on the 2007 Census of Population by the National Statistics Office, the total population
within the Pangil sub-basin is estimated at 63,563. Pangil, having the largest area percentage
making up the sub-basin, also shared the highest number of inhabitants with 36% or 23,187. It
is followed by Pakil with 32% or 20,040 residents. Pakil has the most number of barangays (7)
within the sub-basin. On the other hand, Lumban is the least populated at 341 (1%) though
there are the four (4) of its barangays located within the jurisdiction of the sub-basin. Table 21-3
shows the detailed population data of each municipalities as well as the annual growth rate.
 Table 21-3 Population Distribution by Municipality, 2007
Municipality/City Population Percentage
BIÑAN 188,540 37.76
CARMONA 68,135 13.65
GMA 116,773 23.39
SAN PEDRO 79,740 15.97
SILANG 44,553 8.92
TAGAYTAY CITY 1,591 0.32
Total 499,332 100
Source: NSO, 2007

Land Cover

There are six (6) classes of land cover based on the result of the land cover validation done by
LLDA, namely arable, brush, grass, marsh, plantation Majority of the sub-basin is covered by
brush land with about 843.84ha or 37.14 % followed by grass land with an area of 690.60 ha or
30.39 %. The rest of the land cover is classified as plantation, arable, urban and marsh with an
area of 315.46 ha or 13.88 %, 244.57 ha or 10.76%, 131.37 ha or 5.78%, and 46.50ha or
2.05%, respectively. Table 21-4 and Figure 21-3 show the estimated areas of the different land
cover classes and the land cover map.

Table 21-4 Land Cover Classification area and percentage

Land cover Area (sq.m.) Percentage
Arable 244.57 10.76
Brush 843.84 37.14
Grass 690.60 30.39
Marsh 46.50 2.05
Plantation 315.46 13.88
Urban 131.37 5.78
Total 2272.331 100.00%
Source: LLDA GIS
 Source: LLDA GIS
Figure 21-3 Land Cover Map

Sub-basin Characterization and Properties

Drainage Network
Biñan sub-basin has an aggregate area of approximately 86 km2; the main channel length is
about 30 km and drains north to northeast towards Laguna de Bay. The Biñan micro-watershed
consists of three principal rivers namely, Biñan River, Soro-soro River and Carmona River. The
Biñan River acts as the main river body while the Soro-soro and Carmona rivers serve as the
tributary. The Soro-soro River has the longest channel length of about 29 km; the Biñan River
has a stream length of 18 km, while Carmona River has stream length of 10 km. The
headwaters of Biñan and Carmona River originate from the eastern slopes of the Cavite
highlands while the Soro-soro tributary originates from Tagaytay.
The drainage map of the Binan Sub-basin is shown in Figure 21-4 while the important
watershed characteristics and geomorphological features are in Table 21-5.

Table 21-5 Some Relief Features and Other Geo-Morphological Parameters

Parameters Values
Area (ha) 8603.219
Perimeter (m) 65342.609
Total number of streams 51
Total length of streams (m) 96705.721
Stream Density (stream/ha) 0.00593
Drainage Density (m/ha) 11.2406
Constance of Channel Maintenance (ha/m) 0.0890
Length of Overland Flow (m) 5.620321
Source: LLDA GIS
Source: LLDA GIS
Figure 21-4 Drainage Map
Sub-sub basin Properties

Source: LLDA GIS

Figure 21-5 Sub-sub basin Map of Biñan Sub-basin
 Table 21-6 Biñan Sub-sub basin properties
Sub-sub basin Name Area (Ha) Perimeter (m)

SSB-21A 2959.594 68210.756

SSB-21B 218.383 8445.651
SSB-21C 659.042 12191.146
SSB-21D 1596.081 28821.273
SSB-21E 761.261 24909.507
SSB-21F 495.158 12239.479
SSB-21G 569.176 17682.886
SSB-21H 388.904 10814.194
SSB-21I 955.621 24651.224
Source: LLDA GIS

Water Quantity

Stream flows
The stream flow from 1990 to 2004 in Biñan sub basin is seen in figure 15-16 with the highest
flow of 12.67819 cubic meters per second happened in 2000 and the lowest flow in 1994 with
1.6944 cubic meters per second as shown in Figure 21-6.

Source: LLDA PDMED

Figure 21-6 Annual Stream flow, 1990 – 2004

Water Balance
The Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting (SAC SMA) Hydrologic Model is used to simulate
watershed rainfall-runoff relationship and to generate the long-term water balance of the 24 sub-
basins of Laguna de Bay. The SAC SMA accounts for all water entering, stored in, and leaving
a drainage basin. Though many parameters are used in this water balance accounting process,
precipitation has the main impact on runoff.
For Biñan sub basin, the long term water balances of the basin based on the hydrologic
simulation is shown in the Table 21-7Error! Reference source not found.. The 15-year average
would show that 45.3.1% of the total rainfall becomes surface run-off, and about 38.9% of
rainfall is lost as actual evapotranspiration. The base flow component of the total run-off is quite
minimal, with only about 144.7% of rainfall, while the remaining 1.1% is stored as soil moisture
and contributes to groundwater aquifer Figure 21-7.

Table 21-7 Yearly Water Balances based on model simulation (mm).

Actual Evapo- Direct Change in
YEAR Rainfall Baseflow
transpiration Runoff Storage
1990 2,337 699 1,373 391 (126)
1991 1,837 644 1,004 212 (23)
1992 2,015 656 1,050 212 98
1993 1,605 571 709 235 90
1994 1,138 692 372 213 (139)
1995 1,758 603 805 203 147
1996 1,777 728 846 214 (11)
1997 1,349 708 549 214 (121)
1998 2,028 620 968 191 248
1999 1,998 776 883 341 (2)
2000 4,684 796 3,374 490 24
2001 1,777 723 833 246 (25)
2002 2,098 630 1,200 219 49
2003 2,023 680 1,069 243 31
2004 1,647 675 778 172 21
Average 2,005 680 1,054 253 17
Source: LLDA PDMED

Source: LLDA PDMED

Figure 21-7 Yearly Water Balances