“A FILIPINO’S ESCAPE”

A PROPOSED LOW STOREY COMMERCIAL COMPLEX

A Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts

Batangas State University

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

Of Architectural Design 5: Space Planning 2

For the Degree in Bachelor of Science in Architecture

BY:

Group 2

Anis, Dhon Joshua M.

Arcangel, Louisa Adelheid D.

Bautista, Kristian Erick B.

Calales, Tim Oliver D.

ARC - 3105

2020
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENT PAGE

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Background of the Study 4

1.3 Theoretical Framework 5

1.4 Conceptual Framework 6

1.5 Statement of the Problem 7

1.6 Significance of the Study 7

1.7 Objective of the Study 8

1.8 Scope of the Study 10

1.9 Limitation of the Study 10

1.10 Definition of Terms 11

CHAPTER 2: CASE STUDY

2.1 Foreign Study 14

2.2 Local Study 37

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design 51

3.2 Data Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis 54

CHAPTER 4: ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING

4.1 Spaces and Users 110

4.2 Staffing Definitions 118

4.3 Function of each Department 120

4.4 Standard Space Parameters per Person Used 123

4.5 Space Programing 124

4.6 Matrix Diagrams 154

4.7 Bubble Diagrams 157

4.8 Block Diagram 161

 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.1 Introduction

The growing population of shopping centers and malls rising from one place

to another provide a huge influence to the social life and economic stability of an

area. These commercial establishments are not only providing its people a place

to shop but also a center of entertainment as it houses various activities for them

to have fun and spend their time. These commercial establishments house jobs,

shops and attractive features that captivate the people’s attention.

The history of shopping centers or collection of retailers dated way back the

ancient times along with the Middle Eastern covered markets and showed how

long it has been a part of people’s life. From the collection of retailers in one area,

the idea of these shopping centers grows and branches to different types based

on their sizes and what they offer.

Although these shopping centers started as a tool to fill the gap created by

a demand for people's convenience and efficient distribution of goods to a fast

growing population, it grows to a center that offers a variety of choices for their

consumer. It varies from the displays of items for their fashion needs, electric

appliances, gifts, etc. It also evolves from small to enormous shopping malls with

multipurpose stores, cinemas, restaurants as well as parks. The shopping mall

which was initially created as a destination community center where people could
1
come together to shop and interact socially has evolved and affects an area

economically.

The Philippines is a great example of a country that profits with these

commercial establishments along with the fact that it houses some of the largest

malls in the world. The Philippine retail property sector has evolved over the years

from the basic walled-in structure lined with shops along its corridors to open

lifestyle-centered or free-standing shops within a single complex. If a shopping mall

or any huge commercial establishments is built within their vicinity, Filipino people

perceive this as an indication of their growing progress in their respective cities.

Despite the fact that these commercial establishments give off positive

impact for the progress of an area, the pollution, traffic congestion, overcrowding

and not so user and eco-friendly structures create negative effects to

the environment and its people. Some of the mentioned consequences reflect

society's health and if neglected, can lead to problems that give huge impact to

every variable, even the gain of the economy. Take note also that even with

recognition of how our country owns some of the largest malls in the world,

insufficient consideration of the surroundings and people’s comfort outside is one

of the negative aspects of these establishments.

In addition, the country’s capital city, Manila, has been the hub of Philippine

business and industry. Most of the biggest and grandeur shopping centers are

expectedly located in the region. CALABARZON or Region 4-A, is also a rising

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region beside Manila that is following the growing population of shopping centers

of the said capital city. One of the provinces under CALABARZON is the Cavite.

Cavite province develops from a brave province fighting for independence to one

of the most industrialized and fastest growing provinces across Metro Manila.

The province is also dubbed as “a bedroom community” of the capital region

because of its fast and attractive location for many businesses, investors, and even

homebuyers. A historic, picturesque and scenic province providing a place that is

advantageous for both business and leisure. They also act as a gateway to

destinations like Tagaytay, Batangas and other getaways that are not easily

accessible from Metro Manila. With this growing attention, it became an attraction

for the developers as an ideal location for shopping complexes which are not only

a place to shop but, as well as a place for having fun and spending quality time,

one of the common characteristics of the Filipino families.

The Filipino people express their fondness and patronize these

establishments and despite these massive spaces, they seems to never run out of

energy or money to spend on these commercial establishments Therefore, we

could say that these commercial establishments like malls, shopping centers and

establishments commonly seen in the business area is already part of the Filipino

culture.

Moreover, this culture of ours should reflect the settings and arrangement

of these establishments. The Filipino Architecture should be incorporated not only

3
as a movement to be applied for the sake of aesthetics but also to symbolize the

Filipino culture and turn into a structure.

Therefore, the proponents scrutinize carefully to offer a proposed

commercial complex that would exhibit an efficient structure that would sustain

Filipino culture through architecture in the province of Cavite. This proposal is not

only for comfortability of the consumers and users of the complex but to enhance

the camaraderie between nature and architecture.

1.2 Background of the Study

The Municipality of Silang is a first class municipality that belongs to the 5th

district of province of Cavite and located to the eastern part of the province.

According to Philippine Statistics Authority last 2015, it has a 248,085 total

population which resides on its 64 barangays, 5 are urban and 59 of the barangay

belongs to the rural part. This is a municipality with a 154.41 sq. km. of total land

area and surrounded on the north by the municipalities of General Trias,

Dasmariñas, General Mariano Alvarez and Carmona; on the west by Amadeo and

General Trias; on the east by the municipality of Carmona and the province of

Laguna; and on the south by the City of Tagaytay

The Cavite’s municipality depends on agriculture for their economy, along

with the manufacturing and trade as sources of income. In addition to this, the land

value climbed up which results in attracting investors to occupy the municipality

4
and start their business. With this reason, the population of Silang rose up and

give way to more opportunities and offers to its people.

With the effect of attraction to the people which reflects the municipality’s

image and economy, its subject should also be considered and how these

business’s structures are involved in their behaviors. According to Palacios et al.

(2016), their study testifies the cognitive responses and affective responses

experienced during the shopping trip reflects behavioral outcomes portrayed by

the consumers. To supplement the claim of emotional effects to the consumer and

how the environment plays an important role, statements according to Berman,

Jonides, and Kaplan’s study (2018) that the urban environment creates an effect

that is less advantageous to the well-being of the people. In contrast to the natural

environments that give intriguing stimuli that rejuvenate the mood and overall

wellbeing of the people.

1.3 Theoretical Framework

Babin (1994) explains that shopping value appears to be provided by “the

complete shopping experience” not simply by products shopped for' and so “The

ambience factor consists of elements such as odor, temperature, color, air quality,

etc. Thus, creating positive ambience with the help of elements such as odors,

temperature, lighting etc. enhance the consumer’s experience” (Schmitt, 1999).

People nowadays go shopping either for a specific purpose but almost for

socializing, diversion and utilitarianism or considered as a leisure activity to divert

5
one’s routines. Through careful study and analysis of consumer’s behavior, their

needs and wants, and the contextual surroundings of the property or the

environment will give researchers a wide understanding which will help to create

strategies and solutions and achieve the design purpose: to give consumers a

higher level of shopping experience and facilitate an individual to escape from the

realities of his/her environment.

1.4 Conceptual Framework

The projects’ design concept will focus on the general idea to figure out the

buildings’ program: Its Form, which is the main aspect of the design according to

its character considering its function, the placement and features of building that

reflects its intended use; Time, that challenges its stability and steadiness, built to

last and that will serve people in the long run; Economic, not just to give service to

consumers but to contribute to the community’s growing economy as buildings do

not only compete for aesthetic, but much emphasis is put on efficiency. In addition,

the placement of a building form in relation to its site, the environment and its

climate being in the tropical region, the buildings’ amenities and departments

comprising the needs and wants of the consumers, and the factors that explain

their choice and attraction in order to predict their behavior in choosing a shopping

center will also be the root of the design concept.

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1.5 Statement of the Problem

Main:

• How to design a suitable commercial complex for the site at

Silang, Cavite that would boost the benefits acquired by the

vendors and consumers.

Secondary:

• What will be the project’s design element making it the main

shopping complex of Cavite?

• What are the methods to know the behavior of the consumers in

their choice of shopping center?

• What are the consumer’s behavior inside and outside the mall?

• What facilities and amenities does the consumer need/want?

• What are the design considerations in making a complex

building?

1.6 Significance of the Study

In line with this, the researchers believes that the following would find the result

and findings of this study beneficial:

• To the Students: The study will serve as a reference for the students as they

learn to develop and discover their own design conceptualization. This will help

further develop their knowledge especially in the field of Architecture

7
• To the Entrepreneurs: The study will help entrepreneurs to understand how

commercial complexes operate. This will give them the idea on how to better

develop their business to have more effective business strategies.

• To the Professionals: The study will provide professionals more sources of

information that would help them in further developing their own concept and

ideas. Provided with a new study, they could possibly grow new knowledge that

would greatly impact their professional career.

• To the City Planners: The study will help city planners by exposing them with

different approaches in developing the land use of an area. This could show

then the possibilities that could happen in cases where a large commercial

complex is to be erected in a developing area.

• To the Future Researchers: The study will aid the future researchers that

would aim for a similar study. This would be beneficial for them for being a

foundation for their fresh studies.

1.7 Objective of the Study

• Projects Objectives

o General Objective

 To create or establish a shopping center/complex that will provide

the needs and wants of the consumers.

 To serve as a family gathering place for bonding and relaxation.

 To pique the interest of the public towards the development of

Filipino Architecture.

8
 o Specific Objective

 To be a place for people to stay and serve as a place for people to

relax.

 To attract investors and that will boost the region's economy.

 To prioritize the comfort of the visitors without sacrificing the sales of

the mall.

 To promote life through beautiful sceneries that would calm the

minds of every people.

• Design Objectives

o General Objective

 To reflect what Filipino architecture is and to showcase it to the world.

 To provide design elements that will boost consumer’s shopping

behavior.

 To create a commercial complex that would cater the emotional and

mental regeneration of the public.

o Specific Objective

 To use the proper space programing in order to tweak consumer’s

shopping behavior.

 To use materials that will promote and emphasize the character of

the Filipino architecture.

 To develop finishes that promote calmness and relaxation for the

visitors.

9
1.8 Scope of the Study

• The full architectural development plan of the site in Silang, Cavite as a

large scale commercial complex.

• Psychological factor of design in a commercial complex.

• The programing of the areas and facilities in relation to the site.

• The analysis and presentation of data gathered information.

The study covers the following:

• Shopping Complex

• Administrative office

• Open space/Parks

• Security and safety offices

• Services, utilities and amenities

• Road networks

1.9 Limitation of the Study

The study revolves on the architectural design and plans for a proposed

community commercial complex centralizing on the feasibility, and concept that

would further amplify the project. The proposal is limited on the plans of plumbing,

electrical, mechanical, and electronics detailing for the project.

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1.10 Definition of Terms

• Contextual

o Architecture - is the art and science of designing buildings

and structures.

o Commercial complex. An endless chain of business, public and

commercial activities.

o Sustainable Architecture - is architecture that utilizes

environmentally conscious design techniques.

o Modern Architecture - Is generally characterized by simplification

of form and an absence of applied decoration. It is a term applied to

an overarching movement, with its exact definition and scope

varying widely.

o Administration - The act or process of administering, especially

the management of a government or large institution.

• Operational

o Department - a distinct part of anything arranged in divisions; a division

of a complex whole or organized system.

o Agency — A department or body providing a specific service for

a government or similar organization.

o Bureau - An office or department for transacting particular business.

o Executive - A branch of government charged with implementing,

or executing, the law and running the day-to-day affairs of

11
 the government or state. The de facto most senior figure in an executive

is referred to as the head of government. The executive may be

referred to as the administration, in presidential system, or simply as

the Government, in parliamentary system.

o Local Services - is a unit of municipal government which covers

areas inside incorporated cities, towns and villages for provision of

municipal services.

o Office -is a special duty charge or position conferred by an exercise of

governmental authority and for the public purpose. A position

of authority to exercise a public function and to receive

whatever emoluments may belong to it.

o Mall - a large retail complex containing a variety of stores and often

restaurants and other business establishments.

o Sale - the exchange of a commodity for money; the action of selling

something

o Counter - a long flat-topped fixture in a store or bank across which

business is considered with customers.

o Storage - space available for storing something, in particular allocated

space in a warehouse.

o Topography - the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical

features of an area.

12
o Geography - the study of places and the relationships between people

and their environments.

o Geomorphology - the study of landforms, their processes, form and

sediments at the surface of the Earth.

o Land use - the management and modification of natural environment or

wilderness into built environments such settlements and semi-natural

habitats.

o Floor Area - taken up by a building or part of it.

o Fault Line - is a break or fracture in the ground that occurs when the

Earth’s tectonic plates move.

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 CHAPTER II

CASE STUDY

2.1 Foreign Study

2.1.1 Parc Central

Figure 1: Parc Central

https://www.archdaily.com/791640/parc-central-benoy

Location: Guangzhou, China

Owner: Sun Hung Kai Properties

Architect: Benoy
14
 Situated at Guangzhou in China, Parc Central is considered as a

“Stadium for retail” to the growing economy of Pearl River Delta city which

uniquely blends the low-rise above and below-ground retail development within

a multi-level parkland. This development also is a compelling addition to the

cityscape of Guangzhou, which combines retail, transit-oriented and public

realm design strategies.

Parc Central is a distinctive 110,000m2 retail development which is a low-

rise building, standing 24m in height with two levels above ground and three

levels underground and designed around an open environment. Forming the

heart of the development, the landscape, with its varying levels and forms of

greenery, has created a place to socialize, rest and relax; a ‘Place to breathe’

within the city center. It is lower than the surrounding buildings, making the

design called for an eye-catching and powerful visual statement; one which

would add to the rhythm of the city’s central axis.

Its vision was to contribute socially and spatially to the city, as well as

economically. Located along the city’s “Green Axis”, the vision for Parc Central

was to be the center of interest and create a new ‘Central Park’. To achieve this

and preserve the ground level environment, much of the development has been

placed underground. The gardens, planted walkways and living walls create a

wavelike motion green space which blends not only with the development itself

15
but the surrounding view within the street. Ultimately, the design offers a

soothing and re-balanced environment to the district.

“Double fish” which is the symbol for peace, harmony and fortune in the

Chinese culture became the buildings’ architectural reference in the form of a

steel monocoque roof structure. The two buildings curve around the central

gardens and are joined by a pedestrian bridge at one end. The monocoque roof

canopies are supported by tree-like columns beneath which sit a series of

gardens which extend the landscape element up the building.

Parc Central is sustainability designed that enhances environmental

performance through the addition of a rainwater collection system and low-E

glass façades and an EFTE roof.

Benoy’s Interior Design Team has also introduced the geometry of the

architecture, with fluid ceiling cove forms and uninterrupted joinery along the

void edges. Large atriums punctuate the retail journey and draw light into the

arcades. A neutral color palette of white and reconstituted stone creates a

natural background for the mall, showcasing its tenants and their merchandise

to maximum effect.

Advantages

• Pricey but has everything you could want.

• Clean with plentiful toilets and changing facilities for the babies.

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 • Beautifully landscaped open air park.

• Beautiful installation art in the venue, and a large-scale artwork.

• The mall connects to the city Bus Rapid Transit making for easy

connections.

Disadvantages

• The establishment tends to be crowded during Saturdays.

• Expensive parking spaces.

• Confusing layout for the users. The users experience difficulty to get

from one shop to another without getting lost.

17
 Gallery

Masterplan

18
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 2.1.2 Hashimoto Konoha Mall

Figure 2: Hashimoto Konoha Mall

https://www.archdaily.com/241265/hashimoto-konoha-mall-jerde

Location: Hashimoto, Japan

Owner: Fukuoka Jisho

Architect: Jerde

The new Konoha Mall is situated at Hashimoto, Japan represents a first

of its kind lifestyle ‘eco-leisure’ destination that introduces sustainability and eco-

design principles into retail to create a compelling sense of place and

20
experience. Designed by The Jerde Partnership, the building is made up of

84,000 square meters (approx. 900,000 square feet) of retail leisure functions

including 120 specialty shops and restaurants, a large community market

anchor, and premier food court. Designed as a new community gathering place

for the Hashimoto district. Inspired by its natural surroundings and cultural

influences of Hashimoto, Konoha Mall is an innovative retail solution that

embraces nature and sustainability, along with fundamental retail strategies, into

all elements.

Konoha Mall creates a holistic transformative design which benefits and

supports the local community. Each characteristic of the project carefully

addresses the surrounding context with a focus on introducing nature and

sustainable value into the buildings and pedestrian spaces.

The project concept is rooted in natural elements and offers a distinct

experience for shopping, dining, exploring, reflecting and wandering.

The inspiration for design that creates memorable experiences comes

from the organic and transformative power of nature. The characteristics of the

project unite to fulfill its role as the premier community gathering destination. The

concept of the garden walk is the fundamental spine of the overall design –

bringing nature and sustainable value into the buildings and pedestrian spaces.

21
 It is said that the project is accomplished through careful study and

understanding of the contextual surroundings of the property. The nearby river

park also provided a strategic inspiration for the circulation into and through the

project. The river and motion of water is referenced through the contouring

elevation of the front façade, while its wavelike motion design creates a landmark

that can be seen from the elevated city ring road of Fukuoka. The open-air garden

walk, the center’s main community square, contains lush landscaping that creates

an organic outdoor environment with spaces for exploring, resting and enjoying

entertainment.

The garden walk brings the people and nature coexistence with an organic

natural setting filled with water, trees, flowers, and plants combined with shopping

and dining to create a one-of-a-kind pedestrian street similar to those found in the

world’s most historic and memorable cities. Additionally, while this key concept

originates at the garden walk, one of the primary entries to the project is the careful

blending of nature and modern design carries through the center with a variety of

retail offerings and comfortable, intimate spaces highlighted by soft tones and

materials.

However, for a retail project to be truly successful the design must

consider, acknowledge, accommodate and encourage the activity of shopping

and incorporate social and leisure elements. “To create a desirable destination

that people will see as their community hub and return to time and again, while

22
carefully fitting into its surroundings as an authentic place of the region” is

Konoha’s main goal.

Advantages

• Surrounded by mountains, which gives it a beautiful view

• Food courts

• Plenty of parking

• Very easy access by public transport - bus or subway line.

• Outdoor area suitable for the children to play and to be entertained.

• Aside from variety of restaurants and shops, there is also a clinics

and community center where you can go to take classes in various

crafts and skills

Disadvantages

• The food court is a little narrower

• It takes a lot of time to access the parking lot

23
Gallery

24
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 2.1.3 Parque Toreo Central

Figure 2: Parque Toreo Central

https://live.staticflickr.com/951/42220952821_ab384fa845_b.jpg

Location: Naucalpan de Juárez, Méx., Mexico

Owner: Grupo Danhos

Architect: Sordo Madaleno Arquitectos

27
 Parque Toreo Central is one of the trend followers of urban transformation

and it has become a prime example of this phenomenon of urbanization. It was

made possible by Sordo Madaleno Arquitectos who are a leading architectural firm

based in Mexico. This project measures 51,753.60 square meters of land which

includes the main road accesses. Its total built area reach out to 440,580 square

meters which includes the shopping mall, a hotel and its three corporate buildings.

This shopping mall successfully concluded last October 2014 and the second

stage began to function in the 2016.

This project was labeled as “a great park” which reflects an urban space

setup that unites exceptionally different uses. It uses a dynamic approach on how

people would travel across the shopping mall by letting them circulate among the

fountains, trees and open spaces that envelop the area. The architects of this

project aim to provide an enjoyable public area that would not sacrifice social

interaction of the citizens of the area and further develop the city as a whole.

The vegetation has been the key factor for achieving the well balanced

atmosphere of retail spaces in the design. The integration of these big trees inside

the facility is what elevates the sense of belongingness with nature that breaks the

chaos of the urban world.

In order to make the integration of big trees possible, the complex also

includes its magnificent glass ceiling. This glass ceiling provides the adequate

need of lights for the trees to prosper. In addition to this, this glass ceiling also
28
makes room for natural lighting for the large portion of the complex that makes it

save more for its utility cost and also took a great care for the environment.

Advantages

• The plaza located at the third floor

• There is a big food court and playground area for kids

• A square with a modern design and a large steel roof with a light

entrance

Disadvantages

• The excessively expensive parking.

• Poor accessibility and low security outside the mall, i.e. Parking lots, and

dangerous because of other locals.

• Traffic issues

• Poor loading and unloading system for the public transport

29
Gallery

30
31
32
 2.1.4 Jewel Changi Airport

Figure 4: Jewel Changi Airport

https://www.archdaily.com/915688/jewel-changi-airport-safdie-architects
Location: Airport Blvd, Changi Airport Singapore (SIN), Singapore

Owner: Jewel Changi Airport Trustee Pte Ltd,

Architect: Safdie Architects

Standing as a connector between the existing terminals, Jewel combines

two environments—an intense marketplace and a paradise garden—to create a

new community-centric typology as the heart, and soul, of Changi Airport. Jewel

creates an environment in combination of nature with culture and leisure

33
facilities, dramatically asserting the idea of the airport as an uplifting and vibrant

urban center, and emphasizing Singapore's reputation as “the City in the

Garden.”

This 135,700 sqm center includes facilities for landside airport operations,

indoor gardens and leisure attractions, retail offerings, restaurants and cafes, and

hotel facilities, all in one place. The north, south, east, and west part have

gateway gardens that orient the visitors and offer visual connections between the

internal program elements of Jewel and the other airport terminals. Around the

gardens is a multi-level retail marketplace on five levels that access the garden

via a series of vertical canyons.

34
 The geometry of Jewel is based on a semi-inverted toroidal dome roof.

On the fifth level is the Canopy Park, which includes 14,000 sqm of attractions

integrated within the garden spaces. These include net structures suspended

within the trees, a suspended catenary glass-bottom bridge walk, a planted

hedge maze, and mirror maze, and feature installations completed in

collaboration with internationally acclaimed artists. Additional features include a

topiary walk, horticultural displays, and an event plaza for 1,000 people. With

Jewel, the airport has become a destination in its own right.

Advantage

• At the center, a terraced indoor garden.

• The world’s tallest indoor waterfall —a ‘rain vortex’— which aids in

the cooling of the landscape environment and collects significant

rainwater to be re-used around the building.

Disadvantage

• Fake & very artificial.

• Overcrowding.

• There is a lot of plants & obstructions on the higher levels means

you cannot see the water at most vantage points.

• This is similar to the fountain of wealth at Suntec but just bigger.

35
Gallery

36
2.2 Local Study

2.2.1 Ayala Malls Manila Bay

Figure 5: Ayala Malls Manila Bay

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayala_Malls_Manila_Bay
Location: Diosdado Macapagal Blvd, cor Aseana Ave, Paranaque City, 1701

Metro Manila

Owner: Ayala Land Inc.

Architect: Ayala Malls Inc.

37
Located in Metro Manila Philippines, the Ayala Malls Manila Bay (formerly Ayala

Malls Bay Area) is a shopping mall developed by Ayala Land Inc. under the Ayala

Malls brand. It opened on September 26, 2019 being the first Ayala Mall in

Parañaque.

Ayala malls is known for housing local and global brands, entertainment and

recreational facilities, and featuring pocket gardens inside a busy urban center.

Being the biggest among Ayala Malls, it features a 1-hectare Central Garden and

ten digital cinemas, including an A-Giant Screen cinema & A-Luxe Recliner Seats

for select cinemas. The mall also hosts multiple entertainment and leisure facilities

38
including the largest Timezone branch in the country, at 2,000 square meters.

Ayala Malls Manila Bay has four dedicated country-specific shopping sections, the

Filipino Village, China Town, Japan Town and KoreaTown.

The shopping center faces a spectacular view of the Manila bay, in which

its name derived. The garden also houses sculptures by brass sculptor artist

Michael Cacnio, and Visayan designers Vito Selma and Ann Pamintuan. A “multi-

modal transportation hub” also makes it easier for people to enter the mall via

public transportation. It is also expected to have a fair amount of tourist traffic, so

there are signs inside the mall written in four languages: Japanese, Korean,

Chinese, and English.

Inside, you’ll also find mini Japan and Korea towns, featuring shops and

restaurants from the two countries. Of course, there is also a little Filipino village,

showcasing local and regional food, fashion, and home products.

Advantages

• Humongous upscale mall without the usual crowd.

• Open playground.

• View of the open garden from the food shops which are mostly

outside.

• Available toilets for all genders.

• Spacious corridors, wide walkways, high ceilings

39
Disadvantages

• There are still lots of closed stores because the mall is relatively new.

Gallery

40
41
42
 2.2.2 UP Town Center

Figure 6: UP Town Center

https://kmcmaggroup.com/images/buildings/2282/up-town-center-corporate-
center_highres.jpg

Location: 249, 216 Katipunan Ave, Diliman, Quezon City, 1800 Metro Manila

Owner: Ayala Malls Group

Architect: Benoy

U.P. Town Center abbreviated as UPTC is a shopping center in Quezon

City, Metro Manila, Philippines, opened on September 30, 2013 and managed by

the Ayala Malls group. Ayala Land secured a 25-year lease contract with the

University of the Philippines to develop the 7.4 hectares or 18 acres lot which is

43
part of the university's campus to build a shopping mall complex. It is said that the

trees already in the lot were not cut down and 40 percent of the land are designated

for open space.

The U.P. Town Center has three phases. The first phase is primarily for

restaurants and retail stores, which covers 4,700 square metres (51,000 sq ft) and

also hosts a 2-level Timezone arcade. The second phase contained more retail

and dining outlets covering a 26,000 square metres (280,000 sq ft) floor plan. The

third and last phase which would covers 37,000 square metres (400,000 sq ft)

containing four cinemas, offices as well as more retail stores and restaurants,

including a 2-storey H&M store. The architectural design and master planning of

the U.P. Town Center was done by international architectural firm Benoy, an

International architecture firm.

The U.P. Town Center is considered as the "first and only university town

center" in the Philippines primarily targeting students from other universities and

educational institutions along Katipunan Avenue such as the University of the

Philippines Diliman, Ateneo de Manila University, and Miriam College.

Initially, after the first phase of the complex was opened, most of the tenants

were restaurants and other dining outlets. In November 2013, there were 30

tenants with 28 of them being dining outlets and only two being retail stores. By

this time Ayala Malls were reportedly prioritizing new restaurant and dining brands

44
over popular fast-food chains and restaurants since many of these brands already

have in nearby outlets.

Figure 7: UP Town Center

Upon the completion of the second phase, numerous retail brands, mostly

selling fashion, sports, tech or gadgets, office supplies and other services targeting

millennials opened stores at the U.P. Town Center.

Advantage

• Pay parking system, comparable to the system at BGC. Paying

through machines/tellers located within the mall and no more tellers

on exit.

• Pet-friendly establishment with a dog park.

45
 • The Point-to-point buses.

• Generous open spaces with no roofs and no walls but lots of plants

and trees spread all over.

• Available U.P. Town Steel Parking, a 5-level parking structure

Disadvantages

• Washrooms are too far from the theater.

• No cover when crossing from Phase 1 to Phase 2, tends to get rained

on and too hot during the afternoon when the sun is above.

• Access to some shops don't even have cover

• Uncoordinated layout and lack of signs

• Accessibility problem to the car park because of vehicles clogging

the front area at almost any given time

46
Gallery

47
 2.2.3 San Miguel Corporation Headquarters

Figure 8: San Miguel Corporation Headquarters

Location: 40 San Miguel Avenue, Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila,

Philippines

Owner: SMC Group

Architect: Francisco Manosa (Mañosa brothers)

Long before green buildings became vogue, the architect Francisco

Mañosa took inspiration from the country’s indigenous landforms and geography

in designing the headquarters of the San Miguel Corporation.

48
 Constructed in 1979, the structure is a reflection of its time. Mañosa’s

search for Filipino architecture tradition anchored on the philosophy of the bahay

kubo, the humble symbol of the rural Filipino that is culturally and

environmentally sensitive to its setting.

It is said that Mañosa integrated the Banaue Rice Terraces into the design

concept of the San Miguel Corp. headquarters. With the use of modern materials

such as glass, steel, and concrete, the structure turned into a masterpiece that

stood on a well-manicured landscape imagined and executed by National Artist

for Architecture Ildefonso Santos, considered to be the father of Philippine

landscape architecture.

San Miguel Corp. moved into its new office building in 1984. The angled

office windows complement the greenery that surrounds the building. With the

windows fixed at an angle, it helps deflect the glare of the sun just as it tries to

minimize the heat entering the building.

Advantages

• Greenery and eco-friendly features.

• Slanted windows that help deflect unwanted heat and light.

49
Gallery

50
 CHAPTER III

DISCUSS DESCRIPTIVE METHOD, DATA PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION

AND ANALYSIS

3.1 Research Design (Data Gathering Procedure)

3.1.1 Research Paradigm

This pattern is a representation of the method done by the researchers for

this project proposal. Extracting information throughout the process as a

foundation filled with facts and ideas for the benefit of the whole design process.

Figure 9. Research Paradigm

51
Research Generation

The current state of the country caused by pandemic limits the capacity of

researchers to extract information from different sources. The researchers,

therefore, relied only through the internet information, facts and reliable materials

given directly by professors as a basis for all the necessary information needed for

this research. Most of the information is from a second hand source.

The detailed breakdown of sources used by the researchers enumerated

below:

Internet

The main source of this research and only access to the research for

information is the broad list of information that can be found on the internet.

This includes online articles, compiled information, sites and PDFs.

Government and Non-Government Agencies

The information extracted from the Local Government Unit which

includes the necessary demographic information and maps are a reliable

source that obtained and used the information on its owned research paper.

This was given through our research advisor who provided this information.

52
3.1.2 Data Sources

Primary Data/Sources

This analytical data gathering is reliable enough with valid

sources that would solidify the foundations of the study. The primary

sources of this research is composed of datas gathered from the

locality of the area, interviews, photographs of the locations and

published standard books by established authors. These sources

provide the base datas needed in order to start and develop the

analytics of the study. The data provided by these sources further

enhance the validity of the information found within the paper. It gives

the standards needed in analyzing information, validating datas and

proposals for solutions. The basic parameters within the primary

sources becomes the foundation of solving complex problems and

gives way for a successful and well-designed research proposal.

Secondary Data/Sources

The secondary datas found in this research are the supporting

datas that would further develop and enhance the study. The sources

of these data are composed of the researches, reports and journals

of other authors. The researchers also include datas found on the

web pages of companies and established institutions in order to

broaden the data presented by study. Thesis books of different

53
 authors found related to the study were also used to be a guide and

align the flow of the study to the goal. Related information and

significant issues were also presented that gives a broader

perspective at the study being made. These secondary data and

double checked in order to reassure its significance to the study.

3.2 Data Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis

The manner of collecting the necessary data by the researcher by their

categories and consideration for a precise analysis of the information for the

proposed project.

• The location of the site. The lot location was already given beforehand,

therefore, the researchers only consider which part of the site to locate our

proposed project on the given lot location. The site selection process was

done through different considerations and analyzed the site for the

appropriate position of the proposed project on the given lot.

• Through the observation and analyzing the present educational, economic

and social status of the site and the demographic information which is

crucial information for the researcher to envision the proposal and the effect

of concept to the different users.

54
 • The architectural programming and space analysis was done logically to

enlighten the researchers for proper distribution of spaces and flow of traffic

throughout the building.

• Necessary information and facts related for designing commercial

complexes and various strategies for the sake of proposed projects.

The researchers consider the purpose of this manner of collecting data and

other related considerations will play a big role for the preparation of the project.

3.2.1 Site Selection

The site selection is the method of measurement in order to find a

suitable location that would provide the necessities of a new project. It is the

method to select the most applicable site for the project that has the ability,

capability and the potential to boost the project proposal’s success. The

chosen site must be focused to the utmost development of the program.

The program development’s objectives are in pattern on the factors

including the construction of the site, its requirements, and the sizes of the

building, the materials to be used and the facilities that are needed to

achieve the total development of the project.

55
3.2.1 Site Criteria

Listed below are the general site characteristics criteria in order to

define the utmost location for the erection of the project:

1. Accessibility - the site is in rout with the traffic of private and public

transportation. It is along the national highway for better trading.

It is accessible to the target users.

2. Feasibility - the site’s size is suitable for the proposed project.

3. Flexibility - the site is flexible enough for changes and future

expansion.

4. Good Surrounding - it has the ability to attract users from further

areas.

5. Proximity - the closeness of the site to the target users.

6. Safety - the existence of police and fire protection post in the

surrounding area. It is also the peace and order of the locality

along with the presence of fire and health hazard and geological

conditions.

7. Topography - the land character of the site.

8. Visibility - the site being clearly viewed by the public.

56
 Figure 10: The Site

The three sites are located at barangay Carmen of Silang, Cavite. The Red,

Yellow and Blue lots are labeled as Lot A, B, and C accordingly.

57
 Figure 11: Lot A

LOT A

The lot is located at the northern middle borders of barangay Carmen. The

property is irregularly shaped with a large portion of its perimeter located along the

road. The deep terrain at the south-west part of the lot and the road access for it

was a barangay road to and from the community and the municipality of Silang

that could possibly be the down side of the lot since it has lesser access points.

The lot is also fairly close to the fault line which could lead to a threat in the future

It spans an area of 110,145sqm making it suitable for a lot of a commercial

complex.

58
 Figure 12: Lot B

LOT B

The lot is located towards the northern middle portion of the barangay

spanning at 117,081sqm. It has a vast long and wide space which is very suitable

for the project. Access towards this lot is quite good since the CALEX would run at

its side with a small portion of barangay road. In contrast, the perimeter of the lot

runs along a large portion of the fault line that poses a grave threat for the

structure.

59
 Figure 13: Lot C

LOT C

This lot has the best access routes among the other possible lots. It is

enveloped with a greed number of communities that could easily attract possible

users. The lot spans at a 149,119sqm area with an irregularly shaped lot which is

highly adaptable for the project. Topographically, there are not many topographic

changes in the lot that could be an advantage while the barangay road that

stretched across the lot is one of the key factors that needs to be addressed.

60
 3.2.1.2 System of Evaluation and Rating

CRITERIA LOT A LOT B LOT C

ACCESSIBILITY 4 5 5
FEASIBILITY 3 4 2
FLEXIBILITY 4 5 3
GOOD SURROUNDINGS 4 3 5
PROXIMITY 3 4 5
SAFETY 3 2 3
TOPOGRAPHY 3 4 4
VISIBILITY 3 4 5
TOTAL 27 31 32
Table 1: System of Evaluation and Rating

3.2.1.3 Site Justification

Researchers utilize the System of Evaluation and Rating to determine the

most ideal lot among the choices provided from the given site location. This

evaluation and rating is according to the site criteria enumerated above. Thus,

taking consideration of the criteria, Lot C took the highest rating among the three

choices with the value of 32 out of 40. This implies that Lot C is the most suited lot

for our projected commercial complex. Taking consideration of faults that the site

might possess, a thorough planning and designing considerations will be

performed to answer and flexibly adjust to the shortcomings of the site. The

researchers would be taking advantage of the potential this chosen location

possesses for our objectives to be possible.

61
3.2.2 Site Data

3.2.2.1 Macro Site

Figure 14: Map of CALABARZON

wikipedia.org

The Region - 4A or CALABARZON is an administrative region in the

Philippines comprising five provinces: Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and

Quezon. It is formally called Southern Tagalog along with the provinces under

MIMAROPA but they were separated in 2002 by virtue of Executive Order No. 103.

The region’s center is Calamba in Laguna.

62
 CALBARZON is located south of Metro Manila and the most populous

region in the Philippines, having 14,414,774 inhabitants in 2015. These inhabitants

reside to the region’s total land area of 16,873.31 km2. It is also considered the

country's second most densely populated following the NCR.

Figure 15: Map of Province of Cavite

wikipedia.org
The province of Cavite is located on the southern shores of Manila Bay,

southwest of Metro Manila and north of Taal volcano. It is also bounded by Laguna

province at east, Batangas at the south and West Philippine Sea at west. It is

recognized as one of the most industrialized and fastest-growing provinces in the

Philippines. Along with the total land area of 1,426.06 km2, the second smallest

63
province in the country, and a population of 3,678,301, as of 2015, Cavite makes

it one of the most populated provinces in the country. The province is originally

agricultural but now acts as a booming bedroom community for ultra-congested

Metro Manila.

Land Resources and Distribution

Cavite is composed of only two land classifications. These are forest lands

and alienable and disposable land. Forest lands are being maintained as they play

a great role for the ecological balance of the Province. These are protected areas

that are home to numerous floras and fauna that need to be guarded and

preserved. Correspondingly, the alienable and disposable lands are further

classified as built-up areas and production areas. These lands are intended for

urban, economic and demographic developments.

Forest Lands

The Province of Cavite is home to rich forest lands. Cavite lies in the

western monsoon forest zone. This location is very beneficial for the formation of

tropical rain forests which are characteristically made through natural vegetation.

In 2007, the existing forest area within the province totaled to 8,624.956 hectares.

These forest areas were categorized as Protected Landscape under R.A.7586

otherwise known as National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS) and the

unclassified forest (Non-NIPAS). By virtue of Proclamation No. 1594 on 26 October

1976, a total of 3,973.13 hectares located in Ternate and Maragondon, Cavite was

64
proclaimed as national park. It is now known as the Mts. Palay-Palay and Mataas

na Gulod Protected Landscape. The park lies in the border of Cavite and Batangas

and has three peaks, Palay-Palay, Pico de Loro and Mataas na Gulod. Still, there

were five (5) unclassified forests found along Tagaytay Ridge, Maragondon,

Magallanes, Ternate and Alfonso.

Silang, Cavite

Figure 16: Map of Silang

Municipal Development and Planning Office

The 1st class municipality of Silang, with an area of 209.43 square

kilometers, has a total population of 248,085 as of 2015. It is 43 kilometers south

65
of Manila while the cities of General Trias, Dasmariñas and the municipality of

General Mariano Alvarez bound it on the north, Amadeo on the west, and Tagaytay

on the south. It is divided into 64 barangays, 5 urban and 59 rural barangay.

Figure 16: Cavite-Laguna (CALA) Expressway Project

http://www.dpwh.gov.ph/PPP/projs/cala.html

The current progress and rising of their economy, accessibility for the

province of Cavite is necessary, which will be possible because of a proposed

expressway, the Cavite-Laguna expressway. The six-lane express lane will start

from R-1 Extension in Kawit passing through the municipalities of Imus and Gen.

Trias traversed Governor’s Drive to the municipality of Silang connecting Cavite to

Laguna province.

66
 Figure 17: Concept Plan Map

The spatial development concepts identified for the municipality of Silang

are the linear urban form and multi-nodal form. The linear urban form, also known

as the ribbon or strip development is characterized by concentration of

development along both sides of major transportation routes. The multi-nodal

urban form re-directs development away from the urban core toward identified

urban growth areas or nodes.

For Silang, the Poblacion shall be the center of development. Developments

shall be allowed along major roads but limited to residential, commercial, tourism

and institutional uses only. These shall include Brgys. San Miguel I and II, San

67
Vicente I and II, Biga I and II, Tubuan I, II and III, portions of Lalaan I and Sabutan.

This shall also be considered as Metro Silang.

For the multi-nodal form, developments shall be allowed in almost all

barangays of the municipality. Another major growth center is considered in Brgys.

Bulihan, Acacia, Banaba, Yakal, Narra I, II and III, Ipil I and II and Anahaw I and II

as influenced by the existing industrial zones and because of their proximity to

existing industrial areas of the municipalities of Carmona and Gen. Mariano

Alvarez. An additional major growth center is likewise considered in Barangays

Puting Kahoy, Inchican, Tibig, Hukay, Pooc I and II, Hoyo, Munting Ilog and portion

of Tartaria because of the presence of the Adventist University of the Philippines

(AUP), and proximity to major developments in Santa Rosa City. A Socialized

Housing area is being identified in Brgy. Sabutan in compliance to Section 18 of

R.A. 7279. As agreed upon during the concept planning workshop, developments

for tourism purposes shall be along major thoroughfares and adjacent to Tagaytay

City.

The existing industrial areas in Brgy. Maguyam shall be retained where

existing industrial zones are in place; while agri-industrial activities shall be in

portions of Brgy. Batas and Litlit, where existing poultry and piggery businesses

are already located. These shall be exclusive of areas planted to rice.

The entire Brgy. Carmen is being identified as a Planned Unit Development

(PUD) area in anticipation of the spill over of developments in the proposed Growth

68
Management Area 2. This will likewise be in preparation for the proposed CALAX

Road.

Being an agricultural municipality, Barangays Balite I and II, Paligawan,

Mataas Na Burol, Pulong Bunga, Pulong Saging, Toledo, portions of Pasong

Langka, Lumil and Cabangaan have been identified as the SAFDZ areas.

Intensification of agricultural production should be the concern of the local

government to address food security. It is being recommended that existing

idle/vacant lands shall be reverted to agricultural production and selective

conversion to other non-agricultural functional uses.

69
 TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT

1. Geology and Geomorphology

Figure 18: Geology Map

Geologically, Silang is volcanic in nature consisting of volcanic mountains

and agglomerate volcanic hills. The geologic materials are relatively young

(Pliocene to Quaternary) that is typically characterized by volcanic plain or volcanic

piedmont deposits (Aurelio and Peña, 2004). Chiefly pyroclastic and/or volcanic

debris at foot of volcanoes can be found. It is also associated with pyroclastic north

and east of Laguna de Bay, Luzon.

70
 High to low agglomerate volcanic hills can be found in the southern most

Barangays of Buho, Malabag, Bucal and portions of Ulat and Pasong Langka along

the boundaries of Maguyam, Kaong, Tibig, Inchican, Carmen, Munting Ilog, Hukay,

Puting Kahoy, Hoyo, Tartaria, Pooc, and Cabangaan consist while the remaining

barangays located in the western central and southern areas are typically

undulating volcanic hills.

• Land Cover

Figure 19: Land Cover Map

Using the land cover classification of the Forest Management Bureau (FMB)

of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the

71
municipality has three land cover types. Majority of the municipality is classified as

other lands mainly annual and perennial crops such as pineapple, coconut,

banana, coffee and vegetables. The large and small patches also represent other

lands which are built-up areas such as settlements including institutions, industries

and subdivisions. Located in Barangay Cabangaan is the remaining forest in

Silang, Cavite, classified as open forest, mixed. This is characterized by

discontinuous tree layer formation with coverage of at least 10% and less than

40%.

• Rainfall-induced Landslide and Flooding

Figure 20: Rain-induced Landslide Hazard Map

72
 Being a watershed area, and having seven sub-basins, Silang literally

collects water. Extreme rainfall events, brought about by large fluctuations in

climate variability, have become a threat to areas that were not even visited by

rainfall-induced hazards in the past. With the recent events that made places used

to be safe vulnerable to these hazards, the municipality of Silang should be

prepared for what is to come in terms of rainfall-induced landslides and flooding.

• Earthquake-induced Landslide

Figure 21: Landslide Susceptibility Map

The West Valley Fault Line straddles along the northeastern portion of the

municipality. This fault line covers the Barangays of Kaong, Tibig, Inchican,

73
Carmen and Puting Kahoy. This makes the area vulnerable to earthquake and its

consequences such as landslide.

Recommended minimum buffer zone from the fault is 5 meters as reckoned

from the both sides of the fault trace or from the edge of the deformation zone.

Ground Water Potential Silang being a recharge zone for ground water

plays a critical role in the production of water not only for the municipality but also

for the adjacent and downstream municipalities/cities in Laguna. Majority of the

areas in Silang is classified as having local and productive aquifers leaving only

small portions of Barangay Inchican and Barangay Carmen with fairly extensive

and productive aquifers. However, some barangays such as Buho, Malabag,

Bucal, Toledo, portions of Ulat, Mataas Na Burol, Lalaan II and Santol are

classified as without significant and/or limited pumpable water

74
 2. Hydro-geologic Features

• Ground Water Potential

Figure 22: Ground Water Potential Map

Silang being a recharge zone for ground water plays a critical role in the

production of water not only for the municipality but also for the adjacent and

downstream municipalities/cities in Laguna. Majority of the areas in Silang is

classified as having local and productive aquifers leaving only small portions of

Barangay Inchican and Barangay Carmen with fairly extensive and productive

aquifers.

However, some barangays such as Buho, Malabag, Bucal, Toledo, portions

of Ulat, Mataas Na Burol, Lalaan II and Santol are classified as without significant

and/or limited pumpable water.

75
• Surface Drainage

Figure 23: Surface Drainage

There are about 17 major river systems in the municipality of Silang.

The most notable of these river systems are Malaking Ilog traversing

Barangays Pooc, Balite I, Iba, Sabutan and Kaong; Tibagan the longest

reported river (14.5km) crossing Barangays Bucal, Malabag, Balite II,

Tubuan, Poblacion and Sabutan; Munting Ilog cutting across Barangays

Pulong Bunga, Pooc, Munting Ilog and Kaong; Lucsuhin River in Barangays

Litlit, Lucsuhin, Batas, Biluso and Adlas; Halang and Maria River in

Balubad; and Balubad River in Puting Kahoy. (CLUP 2002).

76
 3. Typography

Majority of the municipality can be classified as having gently sloping

lands with 3 to 8% slopes. However, some parts of Barangays Bucal,

Cabangaan, Carmen, Hukay, Inchican, Kaong, Maguyam, Malabag,

Munting Ilog, Pasong Langka, Pooc II, Tibig, Toledo, Ulat are classified as

having rolling to moderately steep with slopes ranging from 18 to 30%. On

the other hand, Barangays Cabangaan, Lumil and Pasong Langka can be

found on steep slopes (50%). However, certain parts of several barangays

of Silang can be classified as having steep slopes (>50%) mainly due to its

location or proximity to ravine river systems.

77
• Slope

Figure 24 & 25: Slope and Soil Map

Based on the NAMRIA topographic maps, the highest point in the

municipality can be found in Barangay Bucal with an elevation of about 520

meters above sea level (masl) while the lowest point can be located in

barangays Inchican and Carmen with an elevation of about 120 masl.

78
 • Soil Types

SOIL TYPE LAND AREA (ha)

Tagaytay Sandy Loam 886.845

Tagaytay Loam 9,261.04

Carmona Clay Loam 1,423.33

Magallanes Clay Loam 3,362.82

Magallanes Loam 706.973

TOTAL 15,641.00

Table 2: Soil Type

3.2.3 Site Analysis

3.2.3.1 Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats

Macro SWOT Analysis

Strength

• An ideal weekend destination just 45 kilometers south of Metro Manila.

• Existence of public transportation through Sta. Rosa-Tagaytay Road and a

proposing Cavite-Laguna Expressway for accessibility and reducing the

time travel to the site.

• The site is seen along the highway which makes it easy to locate.

79
• There is a 3-8% of slope for the topography which is also effective for land

development.

• Gives of a cool and rejuvenating experience because of its climate.

• Has an access to power source supplied by Meralco, to water supply from

Silang Water District and telecommunication companies providing their

services namely Smart Communication Inc., Globe Telecom, and Digitel

Telecommunications Phils. Inc.

• Ideal for entrepreneurs due to presence of infrastructure utilities and an

international airport within the vicinity.

• Absence of major water bodies within and around the given site.

Weakness

• The municipality of Silang is strategically located, thus the expected

increase of population of incoming immigrants raises the concern of the

local government to provide a residential area to them.

• With the increasing population, solid waste management is also a problem

• The congested urban area and area of the municipality raises problems as

it is still the center of trade, commerce, and government.

Opportunities

• High accessibility rate follows development projects that is accessible to

Manila and Metro CALA (Cavite and Laguna)

80
 • The growing expansion of industry and service sectors from Metro Manila

to South which elevates the local economy.

• The proposed project would create job opportunities where the residents

will profit.

• A vehicle towards economic growth of Cavite, nearby provinces and the

country.

• A proposed project that would magnetize more local and foreign investors.

Threats

• There is a low rate of traffic growth compared to adjacent zones in case of

transport needs in the future,

• The industrial pollutants contribute to air and noise pollution.

• A threat of traffic congestion if there is no plan

• An inferred fault line at the site

Micro SWOT Analysis

Strength

• The presence of utility systems like water, communication and

electricity supply at the site.

• The plain and slope of the site do not raise any major problem.

• There is accessibility within the site with the existence of SLEX and

proposing CALAX.

81
 • The proneness level of the site to the flood and other hazards is low.

• The Tagaytay-Sta. Rosa Road gives access to the site

• The site location and surroundings correspond to the objectives of

the proposed project.

• The Laguna de bay and Mount Makiling provides a good vista for the

site.

• The site is adjacent to the provincial and barangay road.

• The land indicate a good vegetation with the existence of trees within

the site

• Perimeter fence stands as a security of the site

Weakness

• There is already a present competition for the proposed project with

the existence of business parks and industrial complexes.

• There is an insufficient community venue for events.

• The non-existence of recreational facilities to improve health.

Opportunities

• The accessibility of the site through road networks could appeal the

attention of investors for the proposed project.

• Some business establishments being constructed is a good

implication of suitability of the proposed project on the site.

82
 • The proposed project could increase the economic development of

the municipality.

• The construction of the proposed project could offer more job

opportunities especially in Silang.

Threats

• The building establishments already present within the vicinity of the

site might create a competition to the proposed project.

• The traffic growth’s rate is lower compared to other zones which

plays a role for the future transport needs.

• The urban infrastructure and transportation requirements may hinder

the progress with a public sector involvement in transport and traffic

management.

3.2.3.2 SUMMARY OF ANALYSIS

The analysis revealed the important matters and concerns about the site.

Wherein the proposed project development will raise opportunities and obstacles

objectively. The given site was examined and checked thoroughly to adopt and

improve with its strength factors rather than its weakness. Given the site’s

advantages, its use before and after development will be shown in the site

development plan.

83
 The shortcomings of the site will be carefully analyzed to find a solution and

transform it as an opportunity for greater results. With the observed advantage and

disadvantage of the site, it is safe to conclude that the site is beneficial and suitable

for the advancement of the proposed project.

84
3.2.3.3 PICTURES OF THE SITE

Figure 26: Views of site

Google Earth

Figure 27: View No.1

Google Earth

85
 Figure 27: View no. 2
Google Earth

3.2.4 User Analysis

3.2.4.1 Users Demography

Demography is a statistical study of human populations conducted

especially with reference to size and density, distribution, and vital statistics.

This information plays a vital role with planning given that this is about the

prospective users which will be the assumed user of a proposed project.

86
POPULATION COMPOSITION

• POPULATION BY AGE GROUP AND SEX

According to the 2010 Census on population, there is a

213,490 total population recorded for the municipality of Silang,

Cavite. With a 3.68% growth rate derived, an estimated total

population for 2012 is 229,492 and a 50,010 total households.

The Figure 28 shows a demographic illustration of age group

and sex distribution. It shows an expansive pyramid with wide bases

which interprets that the larger portion of the population belongs to

the younger age group. A total of 71,632 or 32.26% of total

population belongs to the age group under 1 to 10-14 which are

called the young dependents and a 7,467 or 3.36% of total

population belongs to the old dependents, people who belonged to

the age group of 65 years and above.

A total of 222,061 (2012) of household population, there are

109,942 males and 112,119 females with a sex ratio of 1:1.02. This

means that the female population dominates the total population and

interpreted that there are 102 females for every 100 males.

87
Figure 28: Population Distribution by Age Group and Gender
NSO 2010/Projection

• AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO

The age dependency ratio signifies the figures of people who

belong to the non-working people or dependent economically and

figures of people who are economically active or those who belong

to the workforce. Data interpretation shows that there is 50.10% of

young dependency ratio and a total of 5.22% old dependency ratio.

A 54.36% of the population is employed and a 45.64% unemployed

population. The distribution of total labor force is 73,251 male

population and 77,178 of female population.

88
Table 3: Population Distribution by Age and Gender, 2010 and 2012
NSO 2010/Projection

• LABOR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT

Labor force refers to the population 15 years old and over who

contribute to the production of goods and services in the country.

Data shows the total labor force of Silang in 2012 is 150,429

or 67.74% wherein 54.36% are employed and 45.64% are not. The

distribution of total labor force is 73,251 male population and 77,178

of female population.

89
 Table 4: Labor Force and Employment
NSO 2007/Projection

• LOCAL ECONOMY

Silang, like most of the towns in the province of Cavite,

depends on a mainly agricultural economy. The primary crops grown

in the area are coconut, coffee, corn, banana, pineapple, and tree

crops like mango, lanzones, caimito, santol, jackfruit, guava, and

avocado. Fertile soils and abundant water sources make Silang

suitable not only for common commercial crops but also for high

value and exotic crops production. Most of the local farmers practice

intercropping to increase land productivity and lessen soil erosion.

Fruit production exceeds the demand of the municipality’s

population, thus supply excesses are marketed to Metro Manila and

neighboring urban centers. A number of poultry and swine farms are

also located in some rural barangays.

Manufacturing and trade are Silang’s other major sources of

income. Trade and investments grew tremendously with the influx of

90
 both Manila-based and foreign investors. Total investments were

estimated at 2.5 billion pesos between 1996 and 2004, which helped

bring about the employment of 3,000 people. Trade establishments

in Silang include gasoline stations, convenience stores,

lumber/hardware traders, groceries, resorts, and hotels.

Silang houses the Manguym Industrial Complex and the

Daichi Industrial Complex in addition to a total of ten factories

operating outside the export processing zone.

POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

• TOTAL POPULATION PER BARANGAY

A total of 213,400 data recorded population and a 45,638 total

households recorded during NSO 2010 Census. The current

recorded data from 2012 has a total population composed of 64

barangays and has a number of 229,492. This amount of population

residing in these barangay is divided into urban and rural areas with

a population of 72,810 and 156, 682, respectively.

• HOUSEHOLD POPULATION PER BARANGAY

Most parts of Silang is rural and with its total population of

229,492, 88% of them are located at 46 rural barangays and the

91
 remaining 14% resides in the urban barangays. One of the most

populated barangay, the Bulihan, consists of 23,061 residents. This

is due to the projects of the National Housing Authority located in this

area along with other residential subdivisions. On the other hand, a

Philippine National Police Academy is situated in Barangay Tartaria,

a barangay with a population of 23,061 residents, which is the cause

of sudden increase of in-migrants. Other highly populated barangay

of Silang are Maguyam, Kaong, Puting Kahoy and Inchican and the

least populated barangay is Poblacion 3 with 353 residents. AS of

2012, there are 50,010 households in Silang with a 4.29 average

household size and divided with urban households with a number of

15,594 and a 34,416 rural household.

• URBANIZATION LEVEL

From the year 1990 to 2010, the urbanization levels display a

decreasing pattern with a 31.72% as of 2010. This interprets that the

residents chose to reside in the different rural barangays over the

years

Table 5: Tempo of Urbanization (National Statistics Office, 2010)

92
• POPULATION DENSITY

The gross population density of Silang is 14 persons per

hectare on their total land area of 15,641 hectares. The urban density

differs to the rural density with a ratio of 47 person per hectare and

11 person per hectare respectively.

• ROAD NETWORK

The national road with a total length of 27.639 covering Emilio

Aguinaldo Hi-way, Governor’s Drive, J. P. Rizal St and Tagaytay-Sta.

Rosa are either concrete or asphalt. Among the provincial roads, only

a portion of Munting Ilog-Carmen with a length of 24.84 km is

covered by gravel. Municipal roads are either asphalted or

concreted. Large area of the barangay roads is either concreted or

covered with gravel. However, there are still portions which have not

been paved yet.

There are two common types of public utility which the

residents of the municipality normally and frequently avail of in their

transport to and from Silang, namely the bus and jeepney. The other

mode of transportation availed of by the riding public within the

municipality is through tricycle grouped according to the TODA

(Tricycle Operators and Drivers Association) they belong to and

positioned to specific areas in the municipality

93
 MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) plays an important

role in the progress of Philippine economy by creating jobs for the country’s

growing labor force and to reduce poverty as they intensify the economic

development in rural and deep areas. If a business or enterprise falls in the

category which states that (1) they have an asset size of up to 100 million

and (2) they have an employment size less than 200 employees, therefore,

it is characterized as MSME regardless of its type of business ownership.

Table 28. Enterprises by Type and Corresponding Description

PEZA, Pasay City, City/Municipal Planning & Development Offices, Cavite

For the year 2013, on the total of 38,004 business enterprises registered in

the province of Cavite, 99.47% or 37,803 of them belong to the MSME and only

0.53% or 201 establishments do fall under the category of large enterprises. Of the

MSME population in the province of Cavite, 91.07% of the total number belongs to

the micro enterprises while small and medium enterprises has a population of

3,034 or 7.98% and 157 or 0.41%, respectively.

94
Figure 29: Percentage Distribution of MSME by Classification, Province of
Cavite: 2013
City/Municipal Planning & Development Offices, Cavite

In accordance with the above mentioned total number of MSME,

establishments who are involved in the wholesale and retail trade have a

total of 47.52% or 18,060 and business establishments who fall under the

manufacturing sector have a total of 11.91% or 4,526 of the total

population. The accommodation and food services represents the 11.87%

or a number of 4,511 and a total of 8.04% or 3,067 establishments and

6.50% or 2,469 establishments offering other services activities and

involved with information and communication respectively. The 14.16%

MSME is subdivided into other activities such as in financial and insurance

activities (1,263); human health and social work activities (1,123);

education (991); professional, scientific and technical activities (557); arts,

95
 entertainment, and recreation (467); administrative and support service

activities (423); real estate activities (166); agriculture, fishery and fishing

(149); transport and storage (103); construction (85); water supply,

sewerage, waste management and remediation activities (45); electricity,

gas, steam, and air conditioning supply (5); and mining and quarrying (4).

The widespread use of motorcycles as means of transportation of

the people reflects the nature of MSME because they tend to sell

motorcycles and parts to keep up with the demand of the growing population

of motorcycle users. This is understandable as motorcycles are deemed

convenient to use as their own means of transportation given the current

transformation problem.

Figure 30: Percentage Distribution of MSME by Industry, Province of Cavite:

2013
City/Municipal Planning & Development Offices, Cavite

96
The projected companies that will occupy this projected projects is listed

below:

Women’s Wear/ Men’s Wear

• Bench Onesimus

• Penshoppe Loalde

• Kamiseta

• Maldita

• Bayo

• Giordano

• Levi’s

• Nike

• The Gap

• Banana Republic

• Guess

• Hermès

• Bottega Veneta

• Louis Vuitton

• Givenchy

• Burberry

97
• Prada

• Gucci

• Ralph Lauren

• Balenciaga

• Michael Kors

• Nine West

• Kate Spade

• Longchamp

• Fendi

• Comme des Garcons

• Lacoste

• Diesel

• Marks & Spencer

• Tommy Hilfiger

• Kenneth Cole

• Uniqlo

• Mango

• Zara

• Aldo

• Forever 21

• H&M

98
Bookshops

• National Book Store

• Fully Booked

• Powerbooks

• Booksale

• Rex Bookstore

Jewelry shops

• Denovo Diamonds

• Bulgari

• Cartier

• Ross and Simons

• Pandora

• Mikimoto America

• AUrate.

• Tiffany & Co.

Beauty Shops

• Bench Fix

• David’s Salon

• Piandré Salon

• Vivere Salon

99
 • T&J Salon Professionals by Tony & Jackey

• Hair Shaft Salon

• Nora Hair Salon

• Cedar Salon

Shoe-Repair Shop

• Shoe Laundry & Co.

• Mr. Anthony Shoes and Bags Repair

• Shoe Care

• Mr. Quickie

Drugstores

• Watsons

• Generika Drugstore

• Mercury Drug

• Southstar Drug

• The Generics Pharmacy

Shoe Stores

• Nike

• Adidas

100
 • Jordan Reebok

• Vans

• Converse

• Under Armour

• Puma.

Restaurants

• Bigg's Diner

• Binalot

• Burger Machine

• Chowking

• Congo Grille

• Dencio's

• Figaro Coffee Company

• Gerry's Grill

• Goldilocks Bakeshop

• Greenwich Pizza

• Jollibee

• Kuya J

• Mang Inasal

• Max's of Manila

• Pancake House

101
 • Red Ribbon

• Savory Chicken

• Serenitea

• Starbucks

• Tokyo Tokyo

• Yellow Cab Pizza

Hardware

• Ace Hardware

• Handyman

• DIY Hardware

• True Value Hardware

• Wilcon

Massage

• Breeze Oriental Spa & Massage

• Terra Wellness Spa

• TONTON Prestige Thai Massage

• I’M Onsen Spa

Optometric Clinics

• Asian Eye Family Vision Center

• Executive Optical

102
 • Ideal Vision

Banking

• Allied Bank

• Banco de Oro Universal Bank

• Bank of the Philippine Islands

• China Banking Corporation

• Development Bank of the Philippines

• East West Bank

• Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited

• Land Bank of the Philippines

• Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company

• Philippine Bank of Communications

• Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation

• Security Bank

• Union Bank of the Philippines

Telecommunication

• Bayan Telecommunications Inc.

• Digital Telecommunications Philippines

• Globe Telecom

103
• Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company

• Red Mobile

• Smart Communications

• Talk ‘n Text

• Sun Cellular

• Touch Mobile

104
3.2.4.2 Organizational Structure

Figure
31:

Organizational Structure of the Head Officer

105
3.2.4.3 Behavioral Pattern/Analysis

Executive Officers

Figure 32: Behavioral Pattern of Executive Officers

106
Employees

Figure 33: Behavioral Pattern of Employees

107
Front Office Attendants

Figure 34: Behavioral Pattern of Front Office Attendants

Head of Security

Figure 35: Behavioral Pattern of Head of Security

108
Security Guards

Figure 36: Behavioral Pattern of Security Guards

109
 CHAPTER IV

ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING

4.1 Spaces and Users

• Retail Shops

o Store Manager – 1

o Assistant Store Manager - 1

o Sales Associate - 1

o Cashier/staff - 2

o Customer Service Representative - 1

o Visual Merchandiser - 1

o Inventory Control Specialist Agent -1

o Product Buyer/Staff - 1 or more

• Department Store

o Director- 1

o Assistant Director- 1

o Sales and Marketing Manager- 1

o Sales and Marketing Secretary- 1

o Finance and Accounting Manager- 1

110
 o Finance and Accounting Secretary- 1

o Purchasing Manager- 1

o Safety and Security Manager- 1

o Safety and Security Asst. Manager - 1

o Cashier - 20

o Customer Service Representative - 2

o Stock Clerks - 20

o Product Buyer/Order – 5

• Supermarket

o Department Manager – 1

o Assistant Department Manager - 1

o Customer Service Representative - 2

o HR Personnel - 1

o Receiving - 2

o Stock Clerks - 10

o Product Buyer/staff - 3

o IT - 2

111
 o Custodians - 10

o Cashier - 20

• Headquarters Office

o Head Executive Department

 Executive Director – 1

 General Manager - 1

 Assistant Manager - 1

 Resident Manager - 1

 Operations Manager - 1

 Public Relation Manager - 1

 Secretary - 1

o Head Administrative Department

 Administrative director – 1

 Administrative assistant - 1

 Administrative coordinator - 1

 Secretary - 1

 Receptionist - 1

 Administrative manager - 1

 Administrative specialist - 1

 Executive assistant - 1

 Support assistant - 1

112
  Program coordinator - 1

 Client relations manager - 2

 Mail clerk - 1

 Office manager - 1

 Bill collector - 1

 Risk manager - 1

 Program manager - 1

 File clerk - 3

 Program administrator - 1

 Administrative officer - 1

 Staff assistant - 1

o Head Human Resources Department

 Human Resources Manager – 1

 HR Personnel – 2

 Training Manager – 1

 Timekeeper – 1

o Head Sales and Marketing Department

 Sales and Marketing Manager – 1

 Sales Secretary - 1

 Sales and Marketing Staff - 2

 Brand manager - 1

 Social media manager - 1

113
 SEO specialist - 1

 Creative director - 2

 Marketing coordinator - 1

 Marketing assistant - 1

 Digital content specialist - 2

 Marketing promotions specialist - 1

 Digital marketing coordinator - 1

 E-commerce marketing manager - 1

 Advertising director - 1

 Copywriter - 1

 Media buyer - 1

 Media planner - 1

 Marketing content assistant - 1

 Sales representative - 3

 B2B sales coordinator - 1

 National account sales coordinator - 1

 Sales manager - 1

 Regional sales director - 1

 Market development manager - 1

 Inside sales associate - 1

 Account executive - 1

 Sales trainee - 1

114
  Financial sales assistant - 1

o Customer Service Department

 Customer service associate – 1

 Technical support specialist – 5

 Help desk coordinator – 1

 Account representative – 1

 Call center customer support – 10

 Customer service agent – 10

 Bilingual customer service representative – 2

 Customer relationship coordinator – 1

 Customer service manager – 1

 Customer service officer - 1

o Head Finance and Accounting Department

 Accounting Manager – 1

 Financial Secretary – 1

 Purchasing Manager – 1

 Benefits administrator - 1

 Accountant - 1

 Auditor - 1

 Budget analyst - 1

 Bookkeeper - 1

 Controller - 1

115
  Payroll manager - 1

 Financial planner - 1

 Accounts payable clerk - 1

 Accounts receivable clerk - 1

 Accounting director - 1

 Investment banking analyst - 1

 Financial analyst - 1

 Junior tax associate - 1

 Credit analyst - 1

o Engineering And Maintenance Department (Building & Site

Management)

 Resident Architect – 1

 Chief Engineer – 1

 Engineering Secretary – 1

 Duty Engineer – 1

 Maintenance Engineer – 1

 Personnel/ Staff - 3-4

o Head Safety And Security Department

 Chief Security Director – 1

 Assistant Director – 1

 Surveillance Officer – 1

 Patrols – 2

116
 o Head Front Office Department

 Front Office Manager – 1

 Front Office Secretary – 1

 Front Desk Agent – 1

 Front Office Cashier – 2

 Reservation Agent – 2

 Switchboard Operator – 1

 Uniformed Service Staff - varies

o Head Service Department

 Director – 1

 Assistant Director – 1

 Audio-Visual Manager – 1

 Assistant Audio-Visual Manager – 1

 Audio-Visual Sales Manager – 1

 Maintenance Personnel/ Staff – varies

o Transit Zone Department

 Director – 1

 Assistant Director – 1

 Personnel/ Staff - varies

• Parking

o Number of Parking Slots – 783

117
 • Service & Maintenance

o Delivery Crew – Varies

o Maintenance Crew - Varies

4.2 Staffing Definitions

• Executive Director - He/She is responsible for overseeing the entire

Business Central administration, programs and strategic plan of the

development. Other key duties could include fundraising, marketing, and

community management.

• Director - He/She belongs to a senior management position as with the

executive who is responsible for the strategic and tactical management of

a significant department of the Business Central. He/She typically

manages a few subordinate managers.

• Manager - He/She is responsible for overseeing daily business activities,

improving overall business functions, training heads of departments,

managing budgets, developing strategic plans, creating policies, and

communicating business goals with their respective departments.

• Secretary - He/She maintains the smooth running of an office through a

variety of administrative and clerical duties. He/ She usually handles

office schedules, coordinate meetings and visits, organizes files, answer

phones and perform a huge array of other essential tasks as per

respective departments.

118
• Timekeeper - He/She is in-charge of maintaining time sheets and

accurately inputting time and attendance data into the computer as well

as in ensuring time sheets are submitted and received by employees on

time to issue accurate payroll adjustments.

• Personnel/ Staff - They are assigned staff of such departments that

renders assistance to the managers and secretary.

• Resident Architect - He/She is overall in-charged assessing necessary

functions of buildings at site architecturally. Also, he/she coordinates with

the Chief Engineer regarding the selection and approval of sub-

contractors.

• Engineers - They are responsible for the entire engineering department,

from approving project designs and assigning engineers and technicians

to ensuring that all safety and structural standards are met throughout the

completion of each project.

• Surveillance Officer - He/She oversights and acts as a security agent for

management and customers as well as users of a specific area.

• Switchboard Operator - He/She answers incoming phone calls and

route them to the person or department needed to properly address the

customer on the other end of the line. Also, he/ she performs various

clerical tasks, such as filing, copying, and receiving incoming packages

from the post office or private services.

119
 • Uniformed Service Staff - They are responsible for providing various

personalized services for guests and are a vital part of a guest's

experience. These staffers include door persons, bell attendants, valet

parking attendants, transportation drivers, and concierges.

4.3 Function of Each Department

4.3.1 Rentable Spaces

These are stores that sell smaller quantities typically from manufacturers

which give services and provide every possible needs of people from fashion,

general merchandise, food, or electronics.

• Restaurants

o Establishment that provide food and beverage which are served to

customers

• Clothing Stores

o A clothes shop or clothes store is any shop which sells items of

ready-made clothing

• Accessory Stores

o Fashion store which includes items such as scarves, hats, gloves,

belts, and purses.

120
 • Pharmacies

o Establishment in where prescription drugs as well as health and

fitness products.

• Electronic/Technology Stores

o Offers electronic products used for entertainment and

communication such as TVs, smart appliances, smart phones,

cameras, game consoles, etc.

• Pet Supply Stores

o Provides a range of pet supplies from food, accessories, crates,

etc.

• Toy Stores

• Carries a wide assortment of toys for babies, kids, or teens used for

entertainment or for educational purposes.

4.3.2 Department Store

Large retail establishment that offers a much wider range of

products and merchandise than the retail store. The products range from

clothing, furniture, cosmetics, toiletries, toys, and everything in between are all

organized into sections in this department.

4.3.3 Supermarket

A self-service store which offers a wide range of products from

food, laundry, and any other household materials or equipment.

121
 4.3.4 Headquarters Office

• Head Executive Department

• Head Human Resources Department

• Head Sales and Marketing Department

• Head Finance and Accounting Department

• Engineering and Maintenance Department (Building & Site

Management)

• Head Safety and Security Department

• Head Front Office Department

• Head Service Department

Transit Zone Department

4.3.5 Parking

An area that is assigned for parking vehicles are common near

shops, bars, restaurants and other facilities that require parking.

• Single level parking garage

• Multilevel or multi-storey parking garage

• Underground parking garage

• Automated parking garage

122
 4.3.6 Service & Maintenance

The maintenance management systems should ensure that the

shopping center operates efficiently. It is responsible and accountable for

maintenance and for the way equipment runs for the costs to achieve the

required level of performance.

4.4 Standard Space Parameters per Person Used

Space Area per Person (sq. m)

Leadership Worker 10

Fixed Worker 4.5

Flexible Worker 3

Free Address Worker 1.5

Standup Reception 0.84 - 0.93

Theater Seating 1

Restaurants 0.9-1.1

Open Public Area 2.3-2.8

General Design Purposes 0.8

Staff/ Employee 50-80

Table 7: Spaces and Area per Person

123
4.5 Space Programming (Tabulated)

Fixture, Furniture,

Number Of Users

Space Parameter

(Space Parameter X
Space Quality

(Sq.m Per Person)

Total (Approx. +
Approx. Area
No. Of Users)
Equipment

Users

30%)
Spaces

Department Store

Office
Artificially
Desk
lighted;
Office
Mechanica
Director’s Chair
lly Director 1 4.5 4.5 5.85
Office Filing
ventilated;
Cabinet
Closed
Book
planning
Shelf

Assistant
Artificially Office
Director,
Administr lighted; Desk/
Sales and
ative Mechanica Worksta 8 4.5 36 46.8
Marketing
Office lly tion
Manager,
ventilated; Table
Sales and

124
 Open Office Marketing

planning Chair Secretary,

Finance

and

Accounting

Manager,

Finance

and

Accounting

Secretary,

Purchasing

Manager,

Safety and

Security

Manager,

Safety and

Security

Asst.

Manager

125
 Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica Office
Employee
lly Desk Employees 60 1.5 90 117
Facility
ventilated; Chair

Closed

planning

Artificially

lighted;
Customer
Mechanica Office
Customer Service
lly Desk 2 3 6 7.8
Service Represent
ventilated; Chair
ative
Open

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica Cashier

Cashier lly Counter Cashier 40 3 120 156

ventilated; Table

Open

planning

126
 Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica
Comfort
lly 49 0.93 45.57 59
Room
ventilated;

Closed

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Accessibl Mechanica

e Comfort lly 4 2.25 9 11.7

Room ventilated;

Closed

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica
Stock Stock
lly - 20 - 2,970 3,861
Room Shelves
ventilated;

Closed

planning

127
 Artificially/

Naturally

lighted;

Store Mechanica var

- - 9,900 12,870
Area lly ies

ventilated;

Closed

planning

17,135.
TOTAL FLOOR AREA
2

Supermarket

Artificially

lighted; Office

Mechanica Desk
Director’s Departmen
lly Office 1 4.5 4.5 5.85
Office t Manager
ventilated; Chair

Closed Storage

planning

128
 Artificially

lighted; Office

Administr Mechanica Desk Assistant

ative lly Office Departmen 2 3.5 7 9.1

Office ventilated; Chair t Manager

Open Storage

planning

Artificially

lighted;
Worksta Supermark
Mechanica
Employee tion et’s
lly 30 1.5 45 58.5
Facility Table employee
ventilated;
Chair
Closed

planning

Artificially

lighted;
Worksta Customer
Mechanica
Customer tion Service
lly 2 3 6 7.8
Service Table Represent
ventilated;
Chair ative
Open

planning

129
 Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica Cashier

Cashier lly Counter Cashier 20 1.5 30 39

ventilated; Table

Open

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica
Stock Stock
lly - 10 75 750 975
Room Shelves
ventilated;

Closed

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Loading Naturally
- 10 25 250 325
Bay ventilated;

Open

planning

130
 Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica
Store 3,1
lly - 0.8 2500 3250
Area 25
ventilated;

Open

planning

4,670.2
Total Floor Area
5

Headquarters Office

Artificially/

Naturally
Executiv
lighted;
Executive e Desk
Mechanica Executive
Director’s Storage 1 10 10 13
lly Director
Office Office
ventilated;
chair
Closed

planning

131
 Artificially/

Naturally
Office
lighted;
General Desk
Mechanica General
Manager’s Office 1 4.5 4.5 5.85
lly Manager
Office Chair
ventilated;
Storage
Closed

planning

Assistant

Artificially/ Manager,

Naturally Resident

Head lighted; Worksta Manager,

Executive Mechanica tion Operations

5 4.5 22.5 29.25
Departme lly Table Manager,

nt’s Office ventilated; Chair Public

Open Relation

planning Manager,

Secretary

132
 Boardro

om

Artificially Meeting
Head
lighted; Table,
Executive
Mechanica Confere All
Departme
lly nce Departmen 50 1.25 62.5 81.25
nt’s
ventilated; Office ts
Conferenc
Closed Chairs,
e Room
planning Confere

nce

Boards

Artificially
Head
lighted;
Executive Head
Mechanica
Departme Executive
lly 5 0.93 4.65 6
nt’s Departmen
ventilated;
Comfort t
Closed
Room
planning

133
 Artificially/ Office

Naturally Desk

Administr lighted; Office

ative Mechanica Chair Administrat

1 4.5 4.5 5.85
Director’s lly Filing ive director

Office ventilated; Cabinet

Closed Book

planning Shelf

Administrat

ive

assistant,
Artificially/
Administrat
Naturally
Head ive
lighted; Worksta
Administr coordinator
Mechanica tion
ative , 22 3 66 85.8
lly Table
Departme Secretary,
ventilated; Chair
nt’s Office Receptioni
Open
st,
planning
Administrat

ive

manager,

134
Administrat

ive

specialist,

Executive

assistant,

Support

assistant,

Program

coordinator

, Client

relations

manager,

Mail clerk,

Office

manager,

Bill

collector,

Risk

manager,

Program

manager,

135
 File clerk,

Program

administrat

or,

Administrat

ive officer,

Staff

assistant

Artificially
Head
lighted; Head
Administr Worksta
Mechanica Administrat
ative tion
lly ive 20 1.5 30 39
Office Table
ventilated; Departmen
Conferenc Chair
Closed t
e Room
planning

Artificially/ Office
Human
Naturally Desk
Resource Human
lighted; Office
s Resource 1 4.5 4.5 5.85
Mechanica Chair
Manager’s Manager
lly Filing
Office
ventilated; Cabinet

136
 Closed Book

planning Shelf

Artificially/

Naturally HR

lighted; Worksta Personnel

Human
Mechanica tion Training
Resource 4 4.5 18 23.4
lly Table Manager
Office
ventilated; Chair Time

Open Keeper

planning

Artificially/

Naturally
Office Sales and
Sales And lighted;
Desk Marketing
Marketing Mechanica
Office Manager 2 4.5 9 11.7
Manager’s lly
Chair Sales
Office ventilated;
Storage Secretary
Open

planning

137
 Sales and

Marketing

Staff,

Brand

Manager,

SEO

Specialist,
Artificially/
Marketing
Naturally
Head Coordinato
lighted; Worksta
Sales And r,
Mechanica tion
Marketing Creative 33 3 99 128.7
lly Table
Departme DirectoR,
ventilated; Chair
nt’s Office Marketing
Open
Promotion
planning
Specialist,

Advertising

Director,

Digital

Marketing

Coordinato

r, E-

138
Commerce

Marketing

Manager,

Advertising

Director,

Media

Buyer,

Media

Planner,

Marketing

Content

Assistant,

Sales

representa

tive,

B2B Sales

Coordinato

r,

National

Account

Sales

139
Coordinato

r,

Sales

Manager,

Regional

Sales

Director,

Market

Developm

ent

Manager,

Inside

Sales

Associate,

Account

Executive,

Sales

Trainee,

Financial

Sales

Assistant

140
 Accounting

Manager,

Financial

Secretary,

Purchasing

Manager,

Artificially/ Benefits
Head
Naturally Administrat
Finance
lighted; Worksta or,
And
Mechanica tion Accountant
Accountin 18 3 54 70.2
lly Table , Auditor,
g
ventilated; Chair Budget
Departme
Open Analyst,
nt’s Office
planning Bookkeepe

r,

Controller,

Payroll

Manager,

Financial

planner,

141
 Accounts

Payable

Clerk,

Accounts

receivable

Clerk,

Accounting

Director,

Investment

Banking

Analyst,

Financial

Analyst,

Junior Tax

Associate,

Credit

Analyst

Engineeri Artificially/ Resident

ng And Naturally Office Architect,

10 4.5 45 58.5
Maintenan lighted; Desk/ Chief

ce Mechanica Engineer,

142
Departme lly Worksta Engineerin

nt’s Office ventilated; tion g

Open Table Secretary,

planning Chair Duty

Engineer,

Maintenan

ce

Engineer,

Personnel/

Staff

Artificially/ Chief

Head Naturally Office Security

Safety lighted; Desk/ Director,

And Mechanica Worksta Assistant

5 3 15 19.5
Security lly tion Director,

Departme ventilated; Table Surveillanc

nt’s Office Open Chair e Officer,

planning Patrols

143
 Director,

Assistant

Director,

Audio

Visual
Artificially/
Manager,
Naturally Office
Assistant
Head lighted; Desk/
Audio
Service Mechanica Worksta
Visual 7 4.5 31.5 40.95
Departme lly tion
Manager,A
nt’s Office ventilated; Table
udio Visual
Open Chair
Sales
planning
Manager,

Maintenan

ce

Personnel/

Staff

Transit Artificially/ Worksta

Director,
Zone Naturally tion
Assistant 4 3 12 15.6
Departme lighted; Table
Director,
nt’s Office Mechanica Chair

144
 lly Personnel/

ventilated; Staff

Open

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica
Comfort
lly 11 0.93 10.23 13.3
Room
ventilated;

Closed

planning

Total Floor Area 653.7

Service & Maintenance

Artificially/
Facility
Naturally
Manager,
Employee lighted;
Custodian 60 1.5 90 117
Facility Mechanica
Maintenan
lly
ce Staff
ventilated;

145
 Closed

planning

Artificially/

Naturally
Employee
lighted;
’s Toilet
Mechanica
And Employees 10 1.5 15 19.5
lly
Shower
ventilated;
Room
Closed

planning

Artificially Electric

lighted; al

Mechanica Switchb
Electrical
Electrical lly/ oards
Engineers, 12 3 26 46.8
Room naturally Electric
Staff
ventilated; Panel

Closed Fire

planning Alarm

146
 Control

panels

Artificially
Mall
lighted;
Generat
Mechanica
ors, Electrical
Generator lly/
Mechani Engineers, 5 8 40 52
Room naturally
cal Staff
ventilated;
equipm
Closed
ents
planning

Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica Pumps,
Sanitary Sanitary
lly/ Plumbin
Maintenan Engineers, 5 6 30 39
naturally g
ce Room Staff
ventilated; Controls

Closed

planning

147
 Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica

Security lly/ Desk Security

5 1.5 7.5 9.75
Facility naturally Chair Personnel

ventilated;

Closed

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica
Service
lly/ Desk
Utility Utility 5 1.5 7.5 9.75
naturally Chair
Room Personnel
ventilated;

Open

planning

Artificially/
Garbag
Garbage Naturally Garbage
e Bins,
Collection lighted; Utility 10 7 70 91
Dump
Facility Mechanica Personnel
Truck
lly/

148
 naturally

ventilated;

Open

planning

Total Floor Area 384.8

Rentable Space

Artificially/
Shop
Naturally
Visitors,
lighted;
Retail
Mechanica 11,
Retail Store’s
lly Varies 02 0.8 8,820 12,600
Area Manager,
ventilated; 3
Retail
Open/
Store’s
Closed
Employee
planning

Food And Artificially/ Shop

Restauran Naturally Visitors,

5,3
t’s Area lighted; Varies Retail 1.1 5,880 8,400
45
Mechanica Store’s

lly Manager,

149
 ventilated; Retail

Open/ Store’s

Closed Employee

planning

Shop

Visitors,

Retail

Artificially l Store’s

ighted; Manager,
Service
Mechanica Retail
And var
lly Varies Store’s n/a 8,190 11,700
Utilities ies
ventilated; Employee,
Area
Closed Delivery

planning personnel,

Maintenan

ce

personnel

Total Floor Area 39,000

Miscellaneous

150
 Artificially/

Naturally

Indoor lighted;

Court Mechanica Shop 1,8

2.8 5,040 6,552
With lly Visitors 00

Waterfalls ventilated;

Open

planning

Artificially/

Naturally

lighted;

Mechanica Shop 1,2

Kiosk 0.8 1,000 1,300
lly Visitors 50

ventilated;

Open

planning

Artificially/
Shop
Naturally
Food Visitors, 2,8
lighted; 1.1 3,080 4,004
Court Place’s 00
Mechanica
Tenant
lly

151
 ventilated;

Open

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica Shop
Cinema 1,5
lly Visitors, 1 1,500 1,950
Theater 00
ventilated; Staffs

Closed

planning

Artificially/

Naturally
Shop
lighted;
Visitors,
Activity Mechanica 20
Staffs, 0.93 1,860 2,418
Area lly 00
Event
ventilated;
Organizers
Open

planning

152
 Artificially

lighted;

General Mechanica
Shop 19 177.6
Comfort lly 0.93 230.92
Visitors 1 3
Rooms ventilated;

Closed

planning

Artificially

lighted;
PWDs,
Accessibl Mechanica
Accessible
e Comfort lly 6 2.25 13.5 17.55
, Pregnant,
Rooms ventilated;
Babies
Closed

planning

Artificially

lighted;

Mechanica
Shop 62
Arcade lly 0.8 500 650
Visitors 5
ventilated;

Closed

planning

153
 Technolo Shop 1,3
0.8 1100 1950
gy Hub Visitors 75

19,072.
Total Floor Area
47

GRAND TOTAL FLOOR AREA

80,916.42 SQM

Table 8: Space Programming

4.6 Matrix Diagrams

Figure 37: Commercial Complex Matrix

154
Figure 38: Department Store Matrix

Figure 39: Supermarket Matrix

155
Figure 40: Head Quarters Matrix

Figure 41: Retail Stores Matrix

156
 Figure 42: Food Stores Matrix
4.7 BUBBLE DIAGRAMS

Figure 43: Commercial Complex Bubble Diagram

157
Figure 44: Department Store Bubble Diagram

Figure 45: Supermarket Bubble Diagram

158
Figure 46: Head Quarters Bubble Diagram

Figure 47: Food Stores Bubble Diagram

159
Figure 48: Retail Shops Bubble Diagram

160
4.8 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 49: Ground Floor Block Diagram

161
Figure 50: Second Floor Block Diagram

162