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Oracle Memory Structure and Processes Explained

Oracle's memory structure consists of the System Global Area (SGA) and Program Global Area (PGA). The SGA is allocated at instance startup and contains shared structures like the shared pool and database buffer cache. The PGA is allocated for each server process and contains process-specific data. Background processes maintain the database and include compulsory processes like the DBWn and optional processes. SQL*Plus allows users to interact with and manipulate the database. User privileges grant users access to perform actions and access objects, and DBAs control privileges by granting, revoking, and managing access.

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91 views5 pages

Oracle Memory Structure and Processes Explained

Oracle's memory structure consists of the System Global Area (SGA) and Program Global Area (PGA). The SGA is allocated at instance startup and contains shared structures like the shared pool and database buffer cache. The PGA is allocated for each server process and contains process-specific data. Background processes maintain the database and include compulsory processes like the DBWn and optional processes. SQL*Plus allows users to interact with and manipulate the database. User privileges grant users access to perform actions and access objects, and DBAs control privileges by granting, revoking, and managing access.

Uploaded by

Zarnab sarfraz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q 1 : Define Oracle’s memory structure ?

Ans : Oracle’s memory structure consists of two memory areas known as


▪ System Global Area (SGA): Allocated at instance startup, and is a
fundamental component of an Oracle Instance
▪ Program Global Area (PGA): Allocated when the server process is
started

Q 2 : Define System Global Area (SGA) ?


Ans :
The SGA consists of several memory structures:
▪ Shared pool
▪ Database buffer cache
▪ Redo log buffer
▪ There are two optional memory structures that can be configured within the
SGA:
▪ Large pool

▪ Java pool

Q 3 : What is Program Global Area (PGA) ?


Ans :
• The PGA is memory reserved for each user process that connects to an
Oracle database
• Contains data and control information for a single server process or a single
background process
• Allocated and De-allocated (Process)
• In contrast to the SGA, which is shared by several processes, the PGA is an
area that is used by only one process

Q 4 : What is Oracle’s Process ?


Ans : An Oracle process is a program that depending on its type can request
information, execute a series of steps, or perform a specific task.
Oracle takes advantage of various types of processes:
▪ User process
▪ Server process

▪ Background process

Q 5 : Define Background Processes ?


Ans :
▪ The relationship between the physical and memory structures is maintained
and enforced by Oracle’s background processes
▪ Compulsory background processes
• DBWn
• PMON
• CKPT
• LGWR
• SMON
• ARCn
▪ Optional background processes
Q 6 : Describe the functions of the Oracle Database
Configuration Assistant ?
Ans : The Oracle Database Configuration Assistant allows you to:
▪ Create a database
▪ Configure database options
▪ Delete a database
▪ Manage templates

Q 7 : What is SQL*Plus ?
Ans : SQL*Plus is an Oracle tool that provides the capability to interact with and
manipulate the database.
▪ Provides the ability to start up and shutdown the database, create and
run queries, add rows, modify data, and write customized reports
▪ Subset of the standard SQL language with specific

Q 8 : Write the syntax to drop a User in a database ?


Ans :
▪ DROP USER aaron;
▪ Use the CASCADE clause to drop all objects in the schema if the schema
contains objectsROP USER aaron;
▪ DROP USER aaron CASCADE;
▪ The CASCADE option drops all objects in the schema before dropping
the user. This must be specified if the schema contains any objects.

▪ A user who is currently connected to the Oracle server cannot be dropped


Q 9 : What is Privileges ?
Ans :
▪ A privilege is a right to execute a particular type of SQL statement or to
access another user’s object.
▪ These include the right to:
▪ Connect to a database
▪ Create a table
▪ Select rows from another user’s table
▪ Execute another user’s stored procedure

Q 10 : What is Oracle User Privileges ? And describe the


function of the DBA control of Privileges .
Ans :
Two types of Oracle user privileges:
▪ System: Enables users to perform particular actions in the database
▪ Object: Enables users to access and manipulate a specific object
A DBA’s control of privileges functions :
▪ Providing a user the right to perform a type of operation
▪ Granting and revoking access to perform system functions
▪ Granting privileges directly to users or to roles
▪ Granting privileges to all users (PUBLIC)

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