Present perfect and past perfect

1 Write the past participle form of these regular and irregular verbs.
1 hate 8 tell
2 make 9 keep
3 speak 10 give
4 draw 11 pay
5 call 12 come
6 choose 13 walk
7 win 14 throw

2 Complete the sentences with the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Andres always (want) to be a professional footballer.
2 You (not stop) talking since you got here!
3 you (see) my new laptop? It’s really cool!
4 Cristiano Ronaldo (score) eighteen goals so far this season.
5 My dad just (buy) a new car.
6 What you (do) to your hair? It’s pink!
7 My mum and dad (teach) me the most in life.
8 Where you (be) all morning?
9I (not pass) all my exams this year so I’m disappointed.
10 My brother (fall) in love with a girl from France.

3 Choose the correct options.

1 I’ve been here for / since 3 o’clock.
2 They’ve known each other for / since many years.
3 Nobody has heard from Carla for / since Saturday.
4 My mum has been in her new job for / since three weeks.
5 She hasn’t called me for / since the party.
6 He has played for Arsenal for / since2006.
7 My grandparents have been married for / since forty years.
8 It hasn’t rained for / since about three weeks.
9 Nothing has happened for / since yesterday morning.
10 Jorge hasn’t played tennis for / since his injury.

4 Choose the correct options.

1 Have you ever / already seen an opera?
2 I’ve already / just seen Pam. What’s she doing here?
3 They haven’t called me yet / already.
4 Carol has already / yet scored twenty points in this match.
5 We’ve ever / never eaten Spanish ham before.
6 I’ve yet / already called him three times today.
7 Do you ever / never go the gym?
8 I’m sorry, I haven’t made a reservation already / yet.
5 Complete the sentences with the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Before yesterday’s match, they (not win) any of their matches.
2 Before last year, she never (be) to Granada.
3 I (call) her twice before she finally sent me a message.
4 It was the first time he (hear) such beautiful music.
5 John always (think) that he wasn’t a good basketball player.
6 Laura never (be) good at dancing so she was very nervous.
7 My parents always (refuse) to let me stay out late so I was surprised when they said yes.
8 I never (drink) beer before that day. It wasn’t very nice.
9 By the time I got home, I (lose) my wallet.

6 Rewrite the sentences with the word in brackets in the correct place.
1 I don’t think I’ve tried surfing. (ever)

2 I had heard such an inspiring story. (never)

3 Have you asked your parents? (yet)

4 He had seen the film twice. (already)

5 I’ve finished reading the most amazing book. (just)

6 Had you studied English before you came here? (already)

7 I don’t think he has finished. (yet)

8 Have you seen the film Titanic? (ever)

Perfect and simple tenses
1 Complete the conversation with the present perfect, past simple or present simple form of the verbs in brackets.
A: 1 you (hear) anything from Julia in the last few weeks?
B: Yes, she’s in Madrid. She 2 (be) there since Saturday.
A: Oh, yeah! I 3 (forget) about that. 4 she (go) with her parents?
B: Yes, I think so. They 5 (go) to Madrid every Christmas. I think her brother 6 (live) there.
He 7 (be) there for a couple of years.
A: I 8 always (want) to visit Madrid. It’s such a beautiful city.
B: Do you think so? I’ve heard that it’s really hot in summer and really cold in winter.
A: My parents 9 (go) there last summer. I 10 (not go) because I 11 (have) exams.
B: Oh yes, I remember that. 12 you (pass) them all?
A: No, I 13 (fail) Spanish so I decided to take extra classes. I 14 (start) them in September.
B: So, 15 your Spanish (get) better since then?
A: Yes, I think so. I 16 really (improve) my vocabulary, especially since I met Pedro!
B: Pedro? Who 17 (be) Pedro?
A: He’s my new boyfriend. We 18 (be) together for three weeks now!

2 Complete the story with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the present simple, past simple, present perfect or
past perfect.

Modals
When Kakenya Ntaiya from Kenya was fourteen, she 1 (make) a deal with her father. He would let her finish high school or she 2
(threaten) to run away. Maasai girls didn’t usually finish high school, but her father 3 (accept). Ntaiya said, ‘I had always liked going to
1 Match the two parts of the sentences.
school and I 4 (always dream) of being a teacher.’ But Ntaiya
5 (be)1engaged
I’ve put to
onbea bit of weight
married sincesothe age of five and spent a lot of her childhood learning how to be a good Maasai wife. However,
2 Your
she was veryhair
goodis very long.and she 6 (win) a scholarship to go to the USA.
at school A WhatThe do you think
villagers whereI should wear?
she lived 7 (collect) money for her
3 Tom was really rude and B
flight and Ntaiya 8 (promise) to come back to help the village. When she 9 (finish) her degree she 10 (work) foritanow?
Don’t you think you ought to start while at the UN and
then 4gotI know you have
a doctorate. In a2009,
test tomorrow up a primary school in her oldCvillage.This
she 11 (set)but I probably ought
schoolto
12 exercise
now (help)more.
more than 150 girls to get a
good5education.
You said aNtaiya
really 13
horrible
(keep)thing
her promise to her village. The girls atD
to Cristina theyou shouldn’t
school worry so much about passing or failing.
14 (want)
to be6teachers,
You’re going
doctors
to have
or lawyers.
dinner inBut hour 15 (be) problems. At first E
anthere thesovillagers
you shouldn’t eat tootomany
16 (not want) give Ntaiya the land for the school
7 I’mparents
but many going tonow 17 (realise)
a party how important a good education can biscuits.
tonight. F you
be for their should never speak to
daughters.
8 You’ve got a lot of homework. him again. G Don’t you think you
should get it cut?
2 Choose the correct options. H so I think you ought to apologise to her.
1 I don’t think I can / could go out tomorrow. I have to
study.
2 The WiFi isn’t working so we can’t / haven’t been able to log on to the internet for two days.
3 My mum wasn’t able to / couldn’t speak English when she was a child.
4 The door wasn’t locked so we could / were able to get into the house.
5 I’m sure Sam won’t can / be able to come to the picnic next Saturday. He’s got a football match.
6 Would you be able to / Could you really play the piano when you were five years old?
7 My laptop stopped working but after I had checked all the cables I could / was able to get it working again.
8 He won’t be able to / hadn’t been able to finish his homework before the teacher arrived.

3 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1 tidy / really / bedroom / have / I / to / my

2 have / school / to / take / bus / Derek / Does / the / ?

3 yesterday / Why / go / you / cousin’s / have / to / to / did / your / house / ?

4 you / study / Do / we’ll / year / to / think / hard / next / have / ?

5 secret / our / anyone / mustn’t / so / you / It’s / tell

6 museum / Do / into / you / the / to / pay / to / get / have / ?

7 take / You / forget / to / keys / go / mustn’t / your / out / you / before

8 me / don’t / to / tell / have / You / now, / tell / later / can / you / me

9 wouldn’t / you / train / us, / came / with / the / take / you / have / If / to

10 had / early / My / every / get / to / sister / up / week / morning / last

4 Correct the sentences.
1 I don’t can see the television. Can you sit down, please.

2 Mark don’t have to call me if he doesn’t want to.

3 If I was rich, I would can buy lots of cool things.

4 When you’re in Bilbao, you ought visit the Guggenheim Museum.

5 I’m sorry I won’t able to go to your party on Friday.

6 Students must to always hand in their homework on time.

7 The police were called and they could catch the thieves.

8 I’m sorry but you don’t must smoke here.

5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of a modal verb to express ability, obligation, prohibition or to give advice.
1 You really pay much attention to Philip. He’s always making fun of everyone. (advice)
2 At our school, all the students wear a uniform. (obligation)
3 We print out these pages because the printer’s not working. (ability)
4 You sit down on that bench because the paint is wet. (prohibition)
5 OK, you hand in the homework tomorrow. I’ll give you until Friday. (obligation)
6 When my dad was younger he use a computer. No one had ever taught him. (ability)
7 My brother thinks I get my hair cut. He says it’s too long. (advice)
8 I’ve been calling Paul all day but I speak to him yet. (ability)
9 My mum worked in the USA so she speak English at work. (obligation)
10 We’re installing some new software so you switch off the computer. (prohibition)

6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box and the correct modal verb. Sometimes there is more than one
possible answer.

write down • watch • cut down • remember • complete • listen to •

use • ride • tell
1 If you don’t like the film, I think you something else.
2 You the exam in 30 minutes but you a calculator. This is the non-calculator exam.
3I on the amount of sugar I eat. My teeth are terrible!
4 You music while you’re studying. You can’t concentrate.
5 When I was five, I a bike.
6 You me – I can keep a secret.
7 Did you everything the teacher said in your notebooks?
8 Were you the password when you logged on?

7 Choose the correct options.

Relative
Have you ever clauses
left your house without your keys? I have. Several times! I 1can / could remember one time very well. I 2had to /
must go out for a few minutes to buy some bread. I thought to myself: ‘I 3don’t have to / mustn’t forget my keys.’ I closed the
1 front doorthe
Match andtwo
I suddenly
parts ofrealised I had forgotten my keys! ‘Now I 4 won’t be able to / couldn’t get back in later,’ I thought. I 5 had
the sentences.
to / must think quickly. No problem, I thought, I 6 am able to / can call my mum.
1 What’s the name of the woman a where you can read Without
all the gossip about
She 7 will can / will be able to let me in. Then I realised I’d also forgotten my mobile phone! my keys or film stars and
my mobile phone
2 It’s a quiz show pop stars.
I 8 would have to / have had to go to Manu’s house – he’s a friend who lives down the road. So I went to Manu’s but he wasn’t in
3 He’s the TV presenter on London Live b where the give
contestants
so I 9 had to / must explain to his mum what had happened. ‘You 10 should / must a key tohave toyour
one of answer questionsshe
neighbours,’ while
said.
4 The competition is on the same they’re on a rollercoaster!
Then I remembered that Mrs García next door had a key! Anyway, Mrs García gave me the key and I 11could / was able to get
back into the house. Then I realised … I’d forgotten to buy the bread!c we saw last week about celebrity chefs?
website
5 Do you remember the programme d who used to read the news on Channel 9?
6 I loved the episode e when they all go for a picnic in the countryside.
f whose voice is really annoying.
2 Mark where the non-defining relative clauses go in the text below.
a , who was born in the province of Toledo in 1984,
b , whose family support Atlético de Madrid,
c , which is an Italian channel dedicated to football.
d , when she was in her third year of a degree in journalism,
e , when she was covering the 2010 World Cup for Spanish TV,
f , who had just lifted Spain’s first World Cup,

Sara Carbonero is a sports journalist on Telecinco and Cuatro. She also presents news about the Spanish league on
Premium Calcio.
Sara left university before graduating. In 2004, she got the chance to do work experience at Radio Marca, and hasn’t
looked back.
Sara first made the news around the world, in South Africa. British newspapers suggested her presence on the pitch
before the game had distracted Spain’s captain, Real Madrid goalkeeper, Iker Casillas. Sara appeared on front pages again
only a few weeks later. An emotional Casillas kissed her on live national TV.

3 Correct the mistakes in the sentences below.

1 She’s the actress which played Mikage in Kitchen.

2 They interviewed a man who he had climbed Everest

3 Robert Pattinson who plays Edward in the Twilight films visited our school last week.

4 What’s the name of the song what they play at the end of the film?

5 Last night, at the cinema I saw the girl what lives next door with her friends.

4 Complete the sentences with a relative pronoun. More than one answer may be possible.
1 I have a friend grandparents went on the demonstration.
2 The activist spoke fi rst was very passionate.
3 This is the square the uprising began.
4 The group I belong to is fi ghting against the fur trade.
5 I’ll never forget the moment the police arrived.

5 In which sentences in Exercise 1 can the relative pronoun be omitted?

6 Correct the mistake in the sentences.
1 The bank that I use it is in fi nancial trouble.

2 Police have closed the website that you could get more information.

3 Many young people can’t fi nd work are moving abroad.

4 The new laws which are very unpopular will affect us all.

5 A new factory is opening in the town, that is very good news.

7 Join the sentences using defining or non defining relative clauses.

1 A friend of mine helped organise the strike. She is a trade union member.

2 They are protesting against the spending cuts. They feel the spending cuts are unfair.

3 She met an interesting old man. He had gone to Germany to fi nd work in the 70s.

4 The animal rights group have planned a demonstration. The group’s members are all vegetarian.

5 The riots spread to residential areas. They had started in the city centre.

The future
1 Match the future sentences (1–8) with the uses (A–F).
1 I’ve eaten too many sweets. I’m going to be sick!
2 Oh, no! There’s no milk. Oh, well. I’ll just go out and buy some. A action scheduled for a particular time
3 What time does the train leave tomorrow? B plan or intention
4 The film is called The Wolf of Wall Street. I think you’ll really like it. C prediction based on evidence
5 I’m having lunch with my cousin tomorrow. It’s her birthday. D definite plan or future arrangement
6 I bought the new Artic Monkeys album. I’m going to listen E prediction based on opinion
to it later. F spontaneous decision
7 It’s only 9 o’clock in the morning and it’s already 30
degrees! It’s going to be really hot today.
8 I haven’t been feeling very well so I’m going to the doctor later.
2 Choose the correct options.
1 This is the last English class so I expect the teacher gives / will give us an
exam.
2 OK, let’s meet later. I ’m calling / ’ll call you this afternoon.
3 Are you going out / Will you go out tonight?
4 What will you do / are you going to do after dinner tonight?
5 Hold on, the music’s very loud and I can’t hear you. I turn / ’ll turn it down.
6 I think we ’ll still be / ’re still being together next year.
7 They’ve won the last seven matches. They ’re not going to lose / ’re not losing the next one.
8 The timetable shows that the next bus will leave / leaves in ten minutes.

3 Correct the sentences.

1 I think that in a few years all students are having tablets at school.

2 Will you play tennis after school today?

3 Look at the grey sky! Do you think it snows this afternoon?

4 Sara called me and we will meet at the gym later.

 5 Look at the poster. The festival is going to go on until the end of next week.

6 My sister will get married next year.

7 He sent me a really long email. I think I read it later.

8 Someone’s knocking on the door. I go and see who it is.

4 What do the sentences mean? Write PL (plans) or (PR) predictions.

1 It’s very windy and that tree isn’t very strong. It’s going to fall.
2 When she’s older she’s going to be a rock star.
3 I’m really tired. I’m not going to study any longer.
4 It’s very cloudy. Do you think it’s going to rain?
5 What are we going to have for dinner?
6 I don’t love him anymore. I’m going to break up with him.
7 So if the film finishes at 8 o’clock, what time are you going to get home?
8 When he sees this mess he’s going to be really annoyed.
5 Complete the sentences with be or have and the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 By this time tomorrow, I’ll (finish) all my exams.
2 Come and visit me and my cousin tomorrow afternoon. We’ll (play) video games.
3 I’ll (wait) for you when you get to the station.
4 In December, my sister will (be) in London for three years.
5 By the time we get to Paris, we’ll (take) three different trains.
6 I’ll call you at 8 o’clock tonight. What will you (do) then?
7 I hope I’ll (get) married by the time I’m thirty.
8 We’ll (have) dinner when the match begins. We’re going to miss the start!

6 Complete the sentences with the correct future form of the verbs in brackets. Sometimes there is more than one possible
answer.
1 When I retire, I probably (go) and live by the sea.
2 You have to get up early tomorrow. The plane (leave) at 7 o’clock.
3 Call me at 9 o’clock. I (finish) my breakfast by then.
4 From now on, I (study) hard every day. I don’t want to fail my exams.
5 We (have) a party on Friday. Do you want to come?
6 The phone is ringing. you (answer) it? My hands are dirty.
7 This time tomorrow, Paul and I (get) married.
8 Oh no, look at this mess! What we (do)?

7 Read the dialogue and circle the correct option: a, b or c.

Sophie: So 1 anything interesting this
weekend? Anna: Yes, my sister 2 married
tomorrow.
Sophie: Really? That 3 fun.
Anna: Yes, I hope it will. My cousins 4 from Australia today. The plane 5 this evening at seven o’clock so my dad
and I 6 them up from the airport.
Sophie: I suppose your sister will be anxious.
Anna: Yes, a lot of people are coming to the wedding but I keep telling her that on Monday she’ll be on her honeymoon. She 7
on the beach in Miami!
Sophie: Miami? That’s nice. What’s her fiancé’s name?
Anna: Jorge. He’s from Spain. They 8 together for three years by tomorrow. His family’s travelling tomorrow from
Santander. They 9 at a hotel. He’s got a small family so there won’t be very many of them at the wedding. I 10
my Spanish with them.
1 a will you do b will you have done c are you doing
2 a will get b is getting c is going to get
3 a will be b is c is being
4 a come b will come c are coming
5 a will arrive b will have arrived c arrives
6 a are going to pick b will be picking c will pick
7 a will lie b will be lying c is lying
8 a will have been b will be c are going to be
9 a will stay b will have stayed c are going to stay
10 a will practise b am going to practise c am practising
Reported speech
1 People sometimes change their minds or don’t exactly tell the truth. Complete the dialogues using the correct form of the
verbs in brackets.
1 A: ‘I’m washing my hair tonight, sorry.’
B: ‘But you your hair last night too!’ (say / wash)
2 A: ‘She’s going to the party with
Guillermo.’ B: ‘But him.’ (tell me /
not like)
3 A: ‘I’ll probably stay in on Saturday night.’
B: ‘But you with me.’ (say / go out)
4 A: ’I’m lost, sorry.’
B: ‘But you here before’ (say / be)
5 A: ‘She can’t swim very well.’
B: ‘But she brilliantly.’ (tell me / can / swim)
6 A: ‘I have to go home now.’
B: ‘But you until midnight.’ (say / not have to / go)

2 Correct the mistakes in these sentences.

1 He asked to her to go snowboarding with him next week.

2 The instructor asked me if I have ever been scuba-diving before.

3 The examiner told that we stop writing and put down our pens.

4 Yesterday, I asked whether you had some walking boots I could borrow and you said me yes.

5 Alex and Lara asked if we need any help, but we stupidly said we didn’t need any.

3 Match the sentences with the appropriate reporting verb.

1 You should try drinking some hot milk to help you sleep.
2 I feel really bad about telling everyone. Sorry. a order
3 Don’t stand too close to the animals, Oscar. They bite. b suggest
4 Emma! Tidy up the kitchen immediately! c advise
5 Honestly, I didn’t eat all the biscuits. d apologise
6 Why don’t we go rollerblading in the park tomorrow? e remind
7 You have to watch Zac Efron’s new film. It’s fantastic! f deny
8 OK everybody! Don’t forget that we’re meeting g warn
at 4 o’clock outside the station. h recommend

4 Complete the reported sentences using the correct verb from Exericse 3.
1 He everyone.
2 She too close to the animals because they bite.
3 He some hot milk to help me sleep.
4 She the kitchen immediately
5 He all the biscuits.
6 She in the park the next day.
7 He Zac Efron’s new film. He said it’s fantastic.
8 She that we were meeting at 4 o’clock outside the station.
5 Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.
1 ’We’re watching the X-Factor right now, so I can only talk for a minute,’ said Miki.
Miki
2 ‘She’s gone to the cinema, but I’ll tell her to call you later,’ Pilar’s dad told me.
Pilar’s dad
3 ’I’d heard of the fi lm, but I didn’t expect it to be so good,’ Nacho said.
Nacho
4 ’We won’t be able to come to your party, but we hope you both have a great night,’ my aunt said.
My aunt
5 ’I saw the new Spiderman fi lm when we were fl ying to New York a few weeks ago’, Lucía told me.
Lucía
6 ‘We’re going to your brother’s concert, and we’re looking forward to seeing you there,’ my cousin told me.
My cousin

6 Find four mistakes and rewrite the sentences correctly.

1 Rocio said us to meet her outside the cinema.

2 Juan asked I’d like to go to the concert with him.
3 Pablo asked me which was the best band I’d ever seen.
4 Fernando told me not to borrow his i-pod without asking fi rst.
5 Silvia asked that I can lend her the DVD.
6 Zara ordered them leave the party.

7 Complete the text with the correct form of the reporting verbs.

warn apologise promise threaten accuse admit claim

In a recent interview, movie star Jenna Jacks 1 apologised to any fans who have been disappointed by her directorial debut,
The Fast Train. Jacks 2 that the fi lm was different to her other smash hits, such as Pins and Short Shrift, but 3 that it was
not as bad as some reviews have suggested. In fact, the 22 year-old 4 some reviewers of not having even watched the
whole fi lm, and she 5 to boycott interviews with their magazines in future. Jacks explained that she had only offered to
direct the action fi lm when original director, Rosa Clayton had fallen ill during production. She 6 her fans not to expect the
usual Jenna Jacks romantic comedy, but 7 that everyone who went to see the fi lm with an open mind would love it.
Conditionals
1 Read the sentences. What kind of conditional are they? Write 0, 1st, 2nd or 3rd.
1 You’ll be late for school if you don’t hurry up.
2 If you leave milk out of the fridge, it goes off.
3 I wouldn’t have come to this party if you hadn’t convinced me to come.
4 If I have time this evening, I’ll call you.
5 The journey wouldn’t have taken three hours if there hadn’t been so much traffic.
6 If you don’t water this plant every day, it dies.
7 I would probably take a break if I was tired.
8 If I had my camera, I’d take a few photos.

2 Choose the correct options.

1 If I go / went on a long business trip, my mother gets really worried.
2 What will / would you do if there was no electricity?
3 I won’t touch your computer if you don’t want / didn’t want me to.
4 I wouldn’t have gone to the concert if you hadn’t given / don’t give me free tickets.
5 If you don’t want to come, I ’ll go / go by myself.
6 He wouldn’t text you so often if he didn’t / doesn’t like you.

3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Zero conditionals
1 If you (forget) to take your umbrella, it always (rain).
2 If you (not drink) water, you (get) thirsty.
First conditionals
3 Your mum (not be) pleased if you (splash out) on those shoes.
4 If you (look after) your little brother, I (buy) you that new jacket.
Second conditionals
5 If I (have) more time, I (take) more exercise.
6 If my parents (have) a holiday home in the mountains, I definitely (take) advantage of it.
Third conditionals
7I (believe) him if you (not tell) me he was lying.
8 If I (see) her at school, I (speak) to her.

4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 If she had told me to wait, I (take) a seat.
2 If you smack Jane, I (tell) Mum.
3 I wouldn’t have walked to school if I (know) it was going to rain.
4 If you (write) in pencil, you can correct your mistakes more
easily. 5 I’m sure your dad would tell you the truth if you (ask) him.
6 If these don’t fit, I (try on) another pair of jeans.

5 Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets so that they have the same meaning.
1 We’ll go out for dinner on Friday if Ben gets back from his trip on time. (unless)

2 We’ll go to the beach tomorrow if my mum lends me her car. (provided)

3 I’ll be allowed to go to the party if I do all my homework. (as long as)

4 I’ll speak to you in English if you speak to me in Spanish. (condition)

6 Correct the sentences.
1 As long you take a taxi, you’d be at the airport at 11 o’clock.

2 If you’ll press this button, the engine starts.

3 I take a photo of you if you put that hat on.

4 If you concentrated on your homework, it won’t take you so long.

5 Will you do it by yourself if I’ll show you how to do it?

6 If I don’t have a snack in the morning, I would get hungry before lunch.

7 If you had looked after your school bag, it wouldn’t break.

8 You’d feel better unless you took more exercise.

7 Write conditional sentences.

1 Zero: If / teenagers / shake hands / in my country / they / be considered / very formal

2 Third: If / you / tell / me earlier / I / be / able / help you

3 Second: If / Sarah / go away / to France for a year / Rob / forget about / her

4 First: If / you / eat / crisps now / you / not eat / your dinner later

5 Second: Greg / be / your best man if / you / ask / him

6 Third: They / break up sooner / if / Anna / not cover up / the affair

8 Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.
1 John was able to fix my computer because he’s an
expert. John wouldn’t have .
2 You are always interrupting me so I won’t be able to finish this.
If you don’t .
3 OK, I agree to make dinner but you have to buy the
food. I’ll .
4 I don’t speak any French because I don’t live in France.
I’d be able to .
5 I’m sorry I didn’t call you but I was really
busy. If I hadn’t .
6 I didn’t pass my exams because I didn’t study enough.
If I .
7 You’re not free tomorrow so I won’t call
you. I’d call .
Passive / to have / get something done
1 Complete the sentences using the passive form of a verb from the list and the tense given in bold.

giv tell (x2) bring on hit advise describe

1 Are you OK? I heard you had an asthma attack yesterday.

Yes, thanks. The attacks are brought on by pollution, and yesterday it was really bad. (present simple)
2 What happened to your arm?
I by a car and broke it. (past simple)
3 You look worried. Are you OK?
No. I the results of my blood test this afternoon. (going to)
4 Why are you angry at your granddad? He’s not very well.
I know, but he to give up smoking, but he hasn’t. (present perfect)
5 Any news about the woman who was bitten by a wild dog?
Her condition as serious, but improving. (present continuous)
6 Why did you miss your medical check up this morning?
I the appointment was at 11.30, not 10.30. (past perfect)
7 Is your mum OK now? I heard she’s been ill for months.
Yes, thanks. She the wrong tablets by the chemist, but she’s ok now. (past continuous)

2 Complete the sentences with the present or past passive form of the modal verb and the verb given.
1 The doctor said these tablets after you’ve eaten. (must / take)
2 I suppose he by the exams he had last week. (might / stress out)
3 Diabetes , only controlled. (can’t / treat)
4 You about the side effects of the treatment. (should /tell)
5 Scientists are confi dent a cure for the common cold in the next few years. (will / fi nd)

3 Answer these health questions with the passive form using the information and verb given.
1 How many people suffer from mental health problems? (One in four / think)

2 How many people in Spain are obese? (One in six / believe)

3 What is the most infectious disease (malaria / consider)

4 What is the number one cause of death around the world? (heart disease / say)

5 How many people in the world are living with HIV? (34 million / estimate)

6 Which is the healthiest country in the world? (Japan / think)

4 Reorder the words to make questions. The answers are provided to help you.

1 World Earth Day / day / on / observed / which / is

April 22nd
2 held / the / where / Earth Summit / first / was
? Stockholm
3 as / second / gas / greenhouse / known / the / what / is
? Methane
4 much / wasted / by / average / how / food / the / European / is
? 95-115kg
 5 Complete the conversation using the passive form of the verbs in brackets.

Juan: Sorry I’m late! There’s so much traffic in the mornings.

Eva: I know! Something 1 (should / do) about it. It’s not good for our health, or the environment.
Luis: I read an article the other day that said drivers 2 (should / charge) €10 for driving into the city centre like in lots o
other cities. It’s called a congestion charge.
Juan: It’s not a bad idea, but people 3 (have to / give) another option, or it wouldn’t be fair. Not everyone can afford €
week to go to work, or school. If some people 4 (force) to pay €10 each day, they’d have to look for a job in another cit
Eva: I agree. The government 5 (can not / allow) to make life better for those who can afford to pay. Rich people
6 (must / encourage) not to drive too. We all breathe the same air!

Luis: I think that in most places the money that 7 (collect) from drivers 8 (have to / spend) on improving the buses, an
metro. It’s the law. That way, everyone wins.

6 Now, complete the sentences with a noun from Box A and a verb from Box B.
laptop photo hair nose teeth
A

take out look at take pierce cut

B

1 I’ve got a job interview next week, so I’m going to have my quite short. I need to look smart.
2 I don’t really want an ice cream. I’ve just had two so it’ll hurt.
3 She’s having her for the school magazine. She won an award for creative writing.
4 I need to get my I think it might have some strange virus, or something.
I got my a few months ago, but it got infected. It was hor