REAL-TIME MONITORING OF JET GROUT
COLUMN DIAMETER AND OVERLAP
Claus-P. Schorr,, Ing.-grad.
g g
Jeffrey J. Bean, P.E., Layne GeoConstruction
INTRODUCTION: JET-GROUTING
> Single steps Installing Jet-Grouting Columns
INTRODUCTION: JET-GROUTING
• High-velocity fluids
• Jetting energy
erodes soils in-situ
• Creates columns of
cemented soilcrete
• Used to improve
mechanical
properties of soil
• Also used to reduce
permeability
JET GROUTING APPLICATIONS
• Soil Stabilization
• Excavation Support Systems
• St
Structural
t l Underpinning
U d i i
• Seepage Barrier/Cutoff Walls
• Environmental Remediation
Typical Jet Grout Methods
Jet Grouting Animation
Re-Construction Wastewater Treatment Plant
City and County of Honolulu, Sand Island, Oahu, HI
Soil stabilization using interconnected jet grout columns to create a “Bath
Bath Tub” effect and lateral support
for conventional excavation without employing a major dewatering program.
Re-Construction Wastewater Treatment Plant
City and County of Honolulu, Sand Island, Oahu, HI
Soilcrete Mass
Emplaced by Jet
Grouting
Bulk excavation / trimming to the cores of the clarifiers for foundation pour.
Sewer Upgrade State Route 29, Napa Valley
Vallejo Sanitation & Flood Control District, Vallejo, CA
Alternate Solution : Series of long and
short Jet Grout columns for
foundation support to facilitate micro-
micro
tunneling through very soft soils.
Original design specified stabilization
by soil mixing methods. Jet
Grouting method was selected for
inherent ability to work from the
temporary dike.; and for the “speedy”
nature off the process.
Drilled Shaft through
g Soilcrete Matrix
Jet Grout QA/QC Testing
Field test programs for jet grouting projects typically involve excavation
and/or core drilling to extract soilcrete samples from jet grouted elements
in order to evaluate geometric, mechanical and permeability properties,
andd to
t refine
fi injection
i j ti parameters.t
Jet Grout QA/QC Testing
g
• Core Drilling
– IIntended
t d d for
f recoveringi intact
i t t
samples of rock (relatively
high-strength)
– Not so good for soilcrete, as
coring energy can disrupt
soil structure ((strength
g rangeg
generally fc < 300 psi)
– Soilcrete quality is often
underestimated due to poor
core recovery and apparent
low RQD
– Superior recovery can be
achieved with Sonic Drilling
Jet Grout QA/QC Testing
g
• Superior recovery with
sonic drilling,
drilling sample
loss is nil
• Recovered samples will
t picall resemble a
typically
“stack of hotcakes”
• Although still unsuitable
for laboratory strength
testing, valuable to verify
the presence of soilcrete
• Wet grab samples can be
obtained at depth for
laboratory strength
testing.
REAL-TIME MONITORING
2 Miles
REAL-TIME MONITORING
Real-Time Monitoring is
a construction QC
measure used to collect
selected production
data, including:
pressure, volume, flow,
drill rate,, thrust,, and
torque.
Measurement and Control
Installation Process For A Typical
yp Column:
Objective is to
Reach of Jet?
Re
a ch fJ
e t?
build a column
of h o
Je
t? Re
ac
of a specified
W ki Jet
Working J t
o fJ
et?
diameter.
Re
h
ac
ac
Re
ho
fJ
et?
ACOUSTIC WAVE-ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY
A unique method to verify jet grout column diameter and overlap.
Adjacent
soilcrete
columns and
overlap
Source: Paper ASCE, EVALUATING IN-SITU JET GROUT COLUMN DIAMETERS UTILIZINGWAVE ANALYSIS,
Claus-P. Schorr, Ing.-grad., Reinhold Traegner, Dipl. Ing., Romano J. Micciche, P.E., GeoDenver 2007;
Acoustic Wave Analysis
y
• High-energy jetting of earth materials
produces
d abbroadd spectral
t l range off
acoustic “noise”.
• Jetting in soils of higher elastic modulii
results
lt iin hi
higher-frequency
h f acoustics.
ti
• Jet grout columns have a relatively high E,
in contrast to typical surrounding soils.
Visualization of Overlapping
pp g “Signature”
g
Diagram
g of rotating
g jjets in relation to p
planned
overlap with adjacent column
Soilcrete
Column
Surrounding High E
untreated soils
(low E)
Acoustic Wave Analysis
y
• FFT analysis of the noise produced in the ground
from a rotating high
high-energy
energy jet can verify contact
with adjacent columns.
• Acoustic signature of an adjacent soilcrete
column is a sinusoidal drift into a higher-
g
frequency range.
• Plotting of spectral response on a time-domain,
along with knowledge of rotation rate, can be
used to quantify column overlap
overlap.
FFT-Analysis (Spectrogram)
All Records has been recorded by the Company DAS BAUMANAGEMENT GmbH,
Germany, FFT-Analyzing done by Software WAV-LAB, STEINBERG;
Current Project
IHNC New Orleans Storm Surge Barrier
Reference: [Link]
Current Project
IHNC New Orleans Storm Surge Barrier
Reference: [Link]
Current Project
IHNC New Orleans Storm Surge Barrier
Reference:
[Link]
Current Project
IHNC New Orleans Storm Surge Barrier
IHNC New Orleans Storm Surge
g Barrier
Jet Grout Columns 18-in Closure Piles
66-in Cylinder
Piles
Pil
IHNC New Orleans – Casagrande
g Bi-Jet Rig
g
Installation of Closure Piles into Jet Grout Plumes
Q
Questions?
